Distributed Ledger Technologies/Blockchain
In recent years, the SEC has encountered a number of issues relating to distributed ledger technology and blockchains. The term distributed ledger refers to databases that maintain information across a network of computers in a decentralized or distributed manner. These networks commonly use cryptographic protocols to ensure data integrity and consensus mechanisms to ensure data congruity. Blockchains are one type of distributed ledger, and they are often used to issue and transfer ownership of crypto assets/digital assets that may be offered and sold as securities, depending on the facts and circumstances.
- Staff Statement on Offerings and Registrations of Securities in the Crypto Asset Markets
- Staff Statement on Stablecoins
- Staff Statement on Certain Proof-of-Work Mining Activities
- Staff Statement on Meme Coins
- Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 122
- Staff Letter and Responses: Fund Innovation and Crypto Holdings
- Staff Statement on Funds Registered Under the Investment Company Act Investing in the Bitcoin Futures Market
- Division of Examinations’ Continues to Focus on Digital Asset Securities
- Staff Statement on WY Division of Banking's "NAL Custody of Digital Assets and Qualified Custodian Status"
- FinHub Statement on OCC Interpretation related to stablecoin reserves
- Letter to NYDFS on Proposed Coin Listing Policy Framework
- Statement on Potentially Unlawful Online Platforms for Trading Digital Assets
- Joint Statement of CFTC/FinCEN/SEC Leaders on Activities Involving Digital Assets
- Framework for 'Investment Contract' Analysis of Digital Assets
- Engaging on Non-DVP Custodial Practices and Digital Assets
- Statement on Digital Asset Securities Issuance and Trading
- Remarks before the AICPA National Conference on Banks & Saving Institutions
- SEC Issues Investigative Report Concluding DAO Tokens, a Digital Asset, Were Securities
- FR14/2023 Final Report with Policy Recommendations for Decentralized Finance (DeFi) (iosco.org)
- CR04/2023 Policy Recommendations for Decentralized Finance (DeFi) (iosco.org)
- CR01/2023 Policy Recommendations for Crypto and Digital Asset Markets (iosco.org)
- OR01/2022 IOSCO Decentralized Finance Report
Last Reviewed or Updated: May 19, 2025