485APOS 1 fp0070597_485apos.htm

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 10, 2021

File Nos. 333-183945 and 811-22747

 

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

 

Form N-1A

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

Post-Effective Amendment No. 95

and

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940

Amendment No. 96

 

 

 

ALPS SERIES TRUST

(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

 

 

1290 Broadway, Suite 1000

Denver, Colorado 80203

(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s Telephone Number: (303) 623-2577

 

Patrick Rogers, Secretary

ALPS Series Trust

1290 Broadway, Suite 1000

Denver, Colorado 80203

(Name and Address of Agent for Service)

 

With copies to:

Peter H. Schwartz, Esq.

Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP

1550 17th Street, Suite 500

Denver, CO 80202

 

It is proposed that this filing will become effective: (check appropriate box)

  [  ] immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)
  [  ] on (date) pursuant to paragraph (b)
  [  ] 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
  [  ] on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
  x 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)
  [  ] on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of rule 485.

If appropriate, check the following box:

  [  ] this post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.

 

 

 

Privileged and Confidential

Draft

  

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This Prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION

 

PROSPECTUS

 

DATED [___________ __], 2022

 

ALPS Series Trust

 

Andurand Energy Transition Strategy ETF ([NYSE ARCA]: [____])

  

The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

SUMMARY SECTION 1
FUND PERFORMANCE 12
INVESTMENT ADVISER 12
PORTFOLIO MANAGER 12
PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES 12
TAX INFORMATION 12
PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES 13
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES 14
SECONDARY INVESTMENT STRATEGIES 27
ADDITIONAL RISK CONSIDERATIONS 28
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES 30
PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES 32
HOW TO BUY AND SELL SHARES 32
FREQUENT PURCHASES AND REDEMPTIONS 37
ADMINISTRATOR, DISTRIBUOR, AND TRANSFER AGENT OF THE FUND 37
FEDERAL INCOME TAXATION 38
OTHER INFORMATION 39
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS 40
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND 40

 

 

SUMMARY SECTION

 

Andurand Energy Transition STRATEGY ETF

 

Investment Objective

 

The Andurand Energy Transition Strategy ETF seeks to provide total return.

 

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

 

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the Fund (“Shares”). Investors purchasing or selling Shares in the secondary market may be subject to fees and expenses (including customary brokerage commissions) charged by their broker and other fees to financial intermediaries. These fees and expenses are not included in the expense example below.

 

Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

 

Management (Unitary) Fee(1) (2) [_.__]%
Other Expenses [_.__]%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses [_.__]%

 

(1) The Fund’s investment adviser, Andurand Capital Management Ltd., (“Andurand” or the “Adviser”), provides investment advisory services and pays most of the fund’s operating expenses (with certain exceptions) in return for a “unitary fee” (exclusive of brokerage and other expenses of executing fund transactions; taxes or governmental fees; costs of borrowing (such as interest charges and dividend expenses on securities sold short); litigation and indemnification expenses and other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the fund’s business).
(2) The Fund will pay the Adviser an annual management fee of [_.__%] based on the Fund’s average daily net assets, less any amounts payable for advisory services, over the same corresponding period, to the Adviser by the Subsidiary. The Subsidiary has entered into a separate advisory agreement with the Adviser for the management of the Subsidiary’s portfolio pursuant to which the Subsidiary is obligated to pay the Adviser a management fee at the same rate that the Fund pays its Adviser for services provided to the Fund, and based on the Subsidiary’s average daily net assets.

 

Example

 

The following example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the costs of investing in other funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then hold or redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same each year.

 

  One
Year
Three
Years
Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: $[__] $[__]

1 

 

Portfolio Turnover

 

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. Because the Fund is newly organized, there is no portfolio turnover to report.

 

Principal Investment Strategies

 

The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) that seeks to achieve attractive risk adjusted returns by investing in commodity futures contracts and exchange-traded commodity linked instruments (collectively, “Commodities Instruments”) through a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Fund organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands (the “Subsidiary”). The Fund will not invest directly in Commodities Instruments. The Fund expects to gain exposure to these investments exclusively by investing in the Subsidiary. The Subsidiary is advised by Andurand Capital Management Ltd., the Fund’s investment adviser (“Andurand” or the “Adviser”)).

 

These Commodities Instruments will seek to provide exposure to the transitions occurring in the energy sector as the world undergoes the energy transition away from fossil fuels towards a “net-zero” emissions world.

 

The Fund’s investment in the Subsidiary is intended to provide the Fund with exposure to commodity markets within the limits of current federal income tax laws applicable to investment companies such as the Fund, which limit the ability of investment companies to invest directly in Commodities Instruments. The Subsidiary has the same investment objective as the Fund, but unlike the Fund, it may invest without limitation in Commodities Instruments. Except as otherwise noted, for purposes of this prospectus, references to the Fund’s investments include the Fund’s indirect investments through the Subsidiary. The Fund will invest up to 25% of its total assets in the Subsidiary.

 

The Subsidiary seeks to make investments generally in Commodities Instruments while managing volatility. Investment weightings of the underlying Commodities Instruments held by the Subsidiary are rebalanced in an attempt to stabilize risk levels. The dynamic weighting process is designed to result in a disciplined, systematic investment process, which is keyed off of the Fund’s investment adviser’s volatility forecasting process.

 

The Subsidiary’s holdings in Commodities Instruments will consist, in part, of futures contracts, which are contractual agreements to buy or sell a particular commodity or financial instrument at a pre-determined price in the future. The Subsidiary may also invest in commodity-linked instruments, which include: (1) ETFs that provide exposure to commodities; and (2) pooled investment vehicles that invest primarily in commodities and commodity-related instruments. The Subsidiary may have both long and short positions in Commodities Instruments. However, for a given Commodity Instrument the Subsidiary will provide a net long exposure. Net long exposure means to hold or be exposed to a security or instrument with the expectation that its value will increase over time. As U.S. and London and other exchanges list additional contracts, as currently listed contracts on those exchanges gain sufficient liquidity or as other exchanges list sufficiently liquid contracts, the Fund’s investment adviser will include those contracts in the list of possible investments of the Subsidiary. The Commodities Instruments and commodities markets considered for investment can and will change overtime.

2 

 

The remainder of the Fund’s assets will primarily be invested in: (1) short-term investment grade fixed income securities, including U.S. government and agency securities and sovereign debt obligations of non-U.S. countries and repurchase agreements; (2) money market instruments; (3) ETFs and other investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”); and (4) cash and other cash equivalents. The Fund uses such instruments as investments and to collateralize the Subsidiary’s Commodities Instruments exposure on a day-to-day basis. The Fund may also invest directly in ETFs and other investment companies, including closed-end funds, that provide exposure to Commodities Instruments, equity securities and fixed income securities to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act.

 

Principal Investment Risks

 

Investors should consider the following risk factors and special considerations associated with investing in the Fund, which may cause you to lose money. There is no guarantee that the Fund will meet its investment objective. The following is a description of the principal risks of the Fund, which may adversely affect its net asset value and total return. There are other circumstances (including additional risks that are not described herein) which could prevent the Fund from achieving its investment objective.

 

Authorized Participant Concentration Risk. Only an authorized participant may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. A limited number of institutions act as authorized participants for the Fund. To the extent that these institutions exit the business, reduce their role or are unable to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders and no other authorized participant steps forward to create or redeem, the Fund’s shares may trade at a premium or discount to the Fund’s net asset value and possibly face delisting.

 

Call Risk. Some debt securities may be redeemed at the option of the issuer, or “called,” before their stated maturity date. In general, an issuer will call its debt securities if they can be refinanced by issuing new debt securities which bear a lower interest rate. The Fund is subject to the possibility that during periods of falling interest rates an issuer will call its high yielding debt securities. The Fund would then be forced to invest the unanticipated proceeds at lower interest rates, likely resulting in a decline in the Fund’s income.

 

Cash Transactions Risk. The Fund will effect some or all of its creations and redemptions for cash rather than in-kind. As a result, an investment in the Fund may be less tax-efficient than an investment in an ETF that effects its creations and redemptions only in-kind. ETFs are able to make in-kind redemptions and avoid being taxed on gains on the distributed portfolio securities at the fund level. A Fund that effects redemptions for cash may be required to sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. A sale of portfolio securities may result in capital gains or losses and may also result in higher brokerage costs.

3 

 

Clearing Broker Risk. The failure or bankruptcy of the Fund’s and the Subsidiary's clearing broker could result in a substantial loss of Fund assets. Under current Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) regulations, a clearing broker maintains customers’ assets that secure commodity futures positions in a bulk segregated account. If a clearing broker fails to do so, or is unable to satisfy a substantial deficit in a customer account, its other customers may be subject to risk of loss of their funds in the event of that clearing broker’s bankruptcy. In that event, the clearing broker’s customers, such as the Fund and the Subsidiary, are entitled to recover, even in respect of property specifically traceable to them, only a proportional share of all property available for distribution to all of that clearing broker’s customers.

 

Commodities Risk. Commodity prices can have significant volatility, and exposure to commodities can cause the value of the Fund’s shares to decline or fluctuate in a rapid and unpredictable manner. The values of physical commodities may be affected by changes in overall market movements, real or perceived inflationary trends, commodity index volatility, changes in interest rates or currency exchange rates, population growth and changing demographics, international economic, political and regulatory developments, and factors affecting a particular region, industry or commodity, such as drought, floods, or other weather conditions, livestock disease, changes in storage costs, trade embargoes, competition from substitute products, transportation bottlenecks or shortages, fluctuations in supply and demand, and tariffs, as well as global pandemics and epidemics. The commodity markets are subject to temporary distortions or other disruptions due to, among other factors, lack of liquidity, the participation of speculators, and government regulation and other actions. 

 

Commodity Regulatory Risk. The Fund's investment decisions may need to be modified, and commodity contract positions held by the Fund may have to be liquidated at disadvantageous times or prices, to avoid exceeding any applicable position limits established by the CFTC, potentially subjecting the Fund to substantial losses. The regulation of commodity transactions in the United States is subject to ongoing modification by government, self-regulatory and judicial action. The effect of any future regulatory change with respect to any aspect of the Fund is impossible to predict, but could be substantial and adverse to the Fund.

 

Commodity-Linked Derivatives Risk. Investments linked to the prices of commodities may be considered speculative. Significant investment exposure to commodities may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. Therefore, the value of such instruments may be volatile and fluctuate widely based on a variety of macroeconomic factors or commodity-specific factors. At times, price fluctuations may be quick and significant and may not correlate to price movements in other asset classes. A liquid secondary market may not exist for certain commodity-linked derivatives, which may make it difficult for the Fund to sell them at a desirable price or at the price at which it is carrying them.

 

Counterparty Risk. Fund or Subsidiary transactions involving a counterparty are subject to the risk that the counterparty will not fulfill its obligation to the Fund or Subsidiary. Counterparty risk may arise because of the counterparty’s financial condition (i.e., financial difficulties, bankruptcy, or insolvency), market activities and developments, or other reasons, whether foreseen or not. A counterparty’s inability to fulfill its obligation may result in significant financial loss to the Fund. The Fund or the Subsidiary may be unable to recover its investment from the counterparty or may obtain a limited recovery, and/or recovery may be delayed.

4 

 

Credit Risk. An issuer or other obligated party of a debt security may be unable or unwilling to make dividend, interest and/or principal payments when due. In addition, the value of a debt security may decline because of concerns about the issuer’s ability or unwillingness to make such payments.

 

Cyber Security Risk. The Fund is susceptible to operational, informational security, and related risks due to the possibility of cyber-attacks and/or risks through breaches in cyber security. A breach in cyber security refers to both intentional and unintentional events that may cause the Fund to lose proprietary information, suffer data corruption or lose operational capacity. Such events could cause the Fund to incur regulatory penalties, reputational damage, additional compliance costs associated with corrective measures and/or financial loss. Cyber security breaches may involve unauthorized access to the Fund’s digital information systems through “hacking” or malicious software coding but may also result from outside attacks such as denial-of-service attacks through efforts to make network services unavailable to intended users. Cyber-attacks have the potential to interfere with the processing of Authorized Participant transactions and shareholder transactions on the Exchanges. In addition, cyber security breaches of the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests or the Fund’s third-party service providers, such as its administrator, transfer agent, custodian, investment adviser, as applicable, can also subject the Fund to many of the same risks associated with direct cyber security breaches. The Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result of successful cyber-attacks against, or security breakdowns of, the Fund or its third party service providers. Although the Fund has established risk management systems designed to reduce the risks associated with cyber security, there is no guarantee that such efforts will succeed, especially because the Fund does not directly control the cyber security systems of issuers or third-party service providers.

 

Debt Securities Risk. Investments in debt securities subject the holder to the credit risk of the issuer. Credit risk refers to the possibility that the issuer or other obligor of a security will not be able or willing to make payments of interest and principal when due. Generally, the value of debt securities will change inversely with changes in interest rates. To the extent that interest rates rise, certain underlying obligations may be paid off substantially slower than originally anticipated and the value of those securities may fall sharply. During periods of falling interest rates, the income received by the Fund may decline. If the principal on a debt security is prepaid before expected, the prepayments of principal may have to be reinvested in obligations paying interest at lower rates. Debt securities generally do not trade on a securities exchange making them generally less liquid and more difficult to value than common stock.

 

Derivatives Risk. The use of derivative instruments involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other traditional investments. These risks include: (i) the risk that the counterparty to a derivative transaction may not fulfill its contractual obligations; (ii) risk of mispricing or improper valuation; and (iii) the risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset. Derivative prices are highly volatile and may fluctuate substantially during a short period of time. Such prices are influenced by numerous factors that affect the markets, including, but not limited to: changing supply and demand relationships; government programs and policies; national and international political and economic events, changes in interest rates, inflation and deflation and changes in supply and demand relationships. Trading derivative instruments involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities. Derivative contracts ordinarily have leverage inherent in their terms. The low margin deposits normally required in trading derivatives, including futures contracts, permit a high degree of leverage. Accordingly, a relatively small price movement may result in an immediate and substantial loss. The use of leverage may also cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous to do so in order to satisfy its obligations or to meet collateral segregation requirements. The use of leveraged derivatives can magnify potential for gain or loss and, therefore, amplify the effects of market volatility on share price.

5 

 

Extension Risk. Extension risk is the risk that, when interest rates rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the issuer (or other obligated party) more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these debt securities to fall. Rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of debt securities, making their market value more sensitive to changes in interest rates. The value of longer-term debt securities generally changes more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term debt securities. As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, securities may exhibit additional volatility and may lose value.

 

Foreign Commodity Markets Risk. The Fund, through the Subsidiary, engages in trading on commodity markets outside the United States. Trading on such markets is not regulated by any United States government agency and may involve certain risks not applicable to trading on United States exchanges. The Fund may not have the same access to certain trades as do various other participants in foreign markets. Furthermore, as the Fund determines its net assets in United States dollars, with respect to trading in foreign markets the Fund is subject to the risk of fluctuations in the exchange rate between the local currency and dollars as well as the possibility of exchange controls. Certain futures contracts traded on foreign exchanges are treated differently for federal income tax purposes than are domestic contracts.

 

Frequent Trading Risk. The Fund regularly purchases and subsequently sells (i.e., “rolls”) individual commodity futures contracts throughout the year so as to maintain a fully invested position. As the commodity contracts near their expiration dates, the Fund rolls them over into new contracts. This frequent trading of contracts may increase the amount of commissions or mark-ups to broker-dealers that the Fund pays when it buys and sells contracts, which may detract from the Fund’s performance.

 

Futures Contracts Risk. Futures contracts are typically exchange-traded contracts that call for the future delivery of an asset by one party to another at a certain price and date, or cash settlement of the terms of the contract. The risk of a position in a futures contract may be very large compared to the relatively low level of margin the Fund is required to deposit. In many cases, a relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in immediate and substantial loss or gain to the investor relative to the size of a required margin deposit. In the event no secondary market exists for a particular contract, it might not be possible to effect closing transactions, and the Fund will be unable to terminate the derivative. If the Fund uses futures contracts for hedging purposes, there is a risk of imperfect correlation between movements in the prices of the derivatives and movements in the securities or index underlying the derivatives or movements in the prices of the Fund's investments that are the subject of such hedge. The prices of futures contracts may not correlate perfectly with movements in the securities or index underlying them.

6 

 

Gap Risk. The Fund is subject to the risk that a commodity price will change from one level to another between periods of trading. Usually such movements occur when there are adverse news announcements, which can cause a commodity price to drop substantially from the previous day’s closing price.

 

Income Risk. The Fund’s income may decline when interest rates fall or if there are defaults in its portfolio. This decline can occur because the Fund may subsequently invest in lower-yielding securities as debt securities in its portfolio mature, are near maturity or are called, or the Fund otherwise needs to purchase additional debt securities.

 

Inflation Risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the value of assets or income from investments will be less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. As inflation increases, the present value of the Fund’s assets and distributions may decline.

 

Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of the debt securities in the Fund’s portfolio will decline because of rising market interest rates. Interest rate risk is generally lower for shorter term debt securities and higher for longer-term debt securities. The Fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates than would normally be the case due to the current period of historically low rates and the effect of potential government fiscal policy initiatives and resulting market reaction to those initiatives. Duration is a reasonably accurate measure of a debt security’s price sensitivity to changes in interest rates and a common measure of interest rate risk. Duration measures a debt security’s expected life on a present value basis, taking into account the debt security’s yield, interest payments and final maturity. In general, duration represents the expected percentage change in the value of a security for an immediate 1% change in interest rates. For example, the price of a debt security with a three-year duration would be expected to drop by approximately 3% in response to a 1% increase in interest rates. Therefore, prices of debt securities with shorter durations tend to be less sensitive to interest rate changes than debt securities with longer durations. As the value of a debt security changes over time, so will its duration.

 

Key Man Risk. The success of the Fund's investment program is highly dependent on the investment skill and dedication of the Investment Adviser and particularly its Founder and Chief Investment Officer, Mr. Pierre Andurand. The Fund's investment results may suffer if Mr. Andurand should become unable for health or other reasons to apply the necessary attention to the management of the Fund’s investments.

 

Leverage Risk. Leverage may result in losses that exceed the amount originally invested and may accelerate the rates of losses. Leverage tends to magnify, sometimes significantly, the effect of any increase or decrease in the Fund’s exposure to an asset or class of assets and may cause the value of the Fund’s shares to be volatile and sensitive to market swings.

 

Liquidity Risk. The Fund and the Subsidiary may hold certain investments that may be subject to restrictions on resale, trade over-the-counter or in limited volume, or lack an active trading market. Accordingly, the Fund may not be able to sell or close out of such investments at favorable times or prices (or at all), or at the prices approximating those at which the Fund currently values them. Illiquid securities may trade at a discount from comparable, more liquid investments and may be subject to wide fluctuations in market value.

7 

 

Management Risk. The Fund is subject to management risk because it is an actively managed portfolio. In managing the Fund’s investment portfolio, the portfolio managers will apply investment techniques and risk analyses that may not produce the desired result. There can be no guarantee that the Fund will meet its investment objective.

 

Market Maker Risk. The Fund faces numerous market trading risks, including the potential lack of an active market for Fund shares due to a limited number of market markers. Decisions by market makers or authorized participants to reduce their role or step away from these activities in times of market stress could inhibit the effectiveness of the arbitrage process in maintaining the relationship between the underlying values of the Fund’s portfolio securities and the Fund’s market price. The Fund may rely on a small number of third-party market makers to provide a market for the purchase and sale of shares. Any trading halt or other problem relating to the trading activity of these market makers could result in a dramatic change in the spread between the Fund’s net asset value and the price at which the Fund’s shares are trading on the Exchange, which could result in a decrease in value of the Fund’s shares. This reduced effectiveness could result in Fund shares trading at a discount to net asset value and also in greater than normal intraday bid-ask spreads for Fund shares.

 

Market Risk. Market risk is the risk that a particular security, or shares of the Fund in general, may fall in value. Securities are subject to market fluctuations caused by such factors as economic, political, regulatory or market developments, changes in interest rates and perceived trends in securities prices. Shares of the Fund could decline in value or underperform other investments. In addition, local, regional or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, spread of infectious diseases or other public health issues, recessions, or other events could have a significant negative impact on the Fund and its investments.

 

Covid Risk. The Fund is currently subject to market disruptions risk due to COVID-19. The impact of COVID-19, (and the variants of such virus) and other epidemics and pandemics that may arise in the future, could affect the economies of many nations, individual companies, their securities (including equity and debt), and the market in general in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. Health crises caused by the recent coronavirus outbreak may exacerbate other pre-existing political, social, financial, and economic risks in certain countries. The impact of the outbreak may last for an extended period of time.

 

New Adviser Risk. The Adviser has a limited history of managing mutual funds for investors to evaluate.

 

New Fund Risk. The Fund was recently formed and therefore has limited performance history for investors to evaluate.

8 

 

Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is classified as a “non-diversified” investment company under the 1940 Act, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a “diversified fund”. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund. 

 

Operational Risk. The Fund is subject to risks arising from various operational factors, including, but not limited to, human error, processing and communication errors, errors of the Fund’s service providers, counterparties or other third-parties, failed or inadequate processes and technology or systems failures. Although the Fund and the Adviser seek to reduce these operational risks through controls and procedures, there is no way to completely protect against such risks.

 

Premium/Discount Risk. The market price of the Fund’s shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in the Fund’s net asset value as well as the relative supply of and demand for shares on the Exchange. The Fund’s investment adviser cannot predict whether shares will trade below, at or above their net asset value because the shares trade on the Exchange at market prices and not at net asset value. Price differences may be due, in large part, to the fact that supply and demand forces at work in the secondary trading market for shares will be closely related, but not identical, to the same forces influencing the prices of the holdings of the Fund trading individually or in the aggregate at any point in time. However, given that shares can only be purchased and redeemed in Creation Units, and only to and from broker-dealers and large institutional investors that have entered into participation agreements (unlike shares of closed-end funds, which frequently trade at appreciable discounts from, and sometimes at premiums to, their net asset value), the Fund’s investment adviser believes that large discounts or premiums to the net asset value of shares should not be sustained. During stressed market conditions, the market for the Fund’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the market for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings, which could in turn lead to differences between the market price of the Fund’s shares and their net asset value.

 

Prepayment Risk. Prepayment risk is the risk that the issuer of a debt security will repay principal prior to the scheduled maturity date. Debt securities allowing prepayment may offer less potential for gains during a period of declining interest rates, as the Fund may be required to reinvest the proceeds of any prepayment at lower interest rates. These factors may cause the value of an investment in the Fund to change.

 

Short Sales Risk. In connection with a short sale of a security or other instrument, the Fund is subject to the risk that instead of declining, the price of the security or other instrument sold short will rise. If the price of the security or other instrument sold short increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which the Fund replaces the security or other instrument borrowed to make the short sale, the Fund will experience a loss, which is theoretically unlimited since there is a theoretically unlimited potential for the market price of a security or other instrument sold short to increase. In addition, as a series of an investment company registered under the 1940 Act, the Fund must segregate liquid assets, or engage in other measures to “cover” open positions with respect to short sales. The Fund may nonetheless incur significant losses on short sales even if they are covered.

9 

 

Significant Exposure Risk. To the extent that the Fund invests a large percentage of its assets in a single asset class or the securities of issuers within the same country, state, region, industry or sector, an adverse economic, business or political development may affect the value of the Fund’s investments more than if the Fund were more broadly diversified. A significant exposure makes the Fund more susceptible to any single occurrence and may subject the Fund to greater market risk than a fund that is more broadly diversified.

 

Subsidiary Investment Risk. Changes in the laws of the United States and/or the Cayman Islands, under which the Fund and the Subsidiary are organized, respectively, could result in the inability of the Fund to operate as intended and could negatively affect the Fund and its shareholders. The Subsidiary is not registered under the 1940 Act and is not subject to all the investor protections of the 1940 Act. Thus, the Fund, as an investor in the Subsidiary, will not have all the protections offered to investors in registered investment companies.

 

Tax Risk. The Fund intends to treat any income derived from the Subsidiary’s investment in Commodities Instruments as “qualifying income” under the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), applicable to “regulated investment companies” under Subchapter M of the Code (“RICs”). This treatment is not free from doubt under current law, and may be adversely affected by changes in legislation, Treasury Regulations, or other legally binding authority, possibly with retroactive effect. If income from the Subsidiary were determined to be nonqualifying income for a RIC under the Code, the Fund might not qualify as a RIC. If the Fund were not to qualify as a RIC, the Fund’s taxable income would be taxable at the Fund level.

 

Trading Issues Risk. Trading in Fund shares on the Exchange may be halted due to market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the Exchange, make trading in shares inadvisable. In addition, trading in Fund shares on the Exchange is subject to trading halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to the Exchange’s “circuit breaker” rules. There can be no assurance that the requirements of the Exchange necessary to maintain the listing of the Fund will continue to be met or will remain unchanged. The Fund may have difficulty maintaining its listing on the Exchange in the event the Fund’s assets are small, the Fund does not have enough shareholders, or if the Fund is unable to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders.

 

U.S. Government Securities Risk. U.S. government securities are subject to interest rate risk but generally do not involve the credit risks associated with investments in other types of debt securities. As a result, the yields available from U.S. government securities are generally lower than the yields available from other debt securities. U.S. government securities are guaranteed only as to the timely payment of interest and the payment of principal when held to maturity. While securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. federal government agencies (such as Ginnie Mae) are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Department of the Treasury, securities issued by government sponsored entities (such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac) are solely the obligation of the issuer and generally do not carry any guarantee from the U.S. government.

10 

 

Valuation Risk. The Fund or Subsidiary may hold securities or other assets that may be valued on the basis of factors other than market quotations. This may occur because the asset or security does not trade on a centralized exchange, or in times of market turmoil or reduced liquidity. There are multiple methods that can be used to value a portfolio holding when market quotations are not readily available. The value established for any portfolio holding at a point in time might differ from what would be produced using a different methodology or if it had been priced using market quotations. Portfolio holdings that are valued using techniques other than market quotations, including “fair valued” assets or securities, may be subject to greater fluctuation in their valuations from one day to the next than if market quotations were used. In addition, there is no assurance that the Fund or Subsidiary could sell or close out a portfolio position for the value established for it at any time, and it is possible that the Fund or Subsidiary would incur a loss because a portfolio position is sold or closed out at a discount to the valuation established by the Fund or Subsidiary at that time. The Fund’s ability to value investments may be impacted by technological issues or errors by pricing services or other third-party service providers.

 

Volatility Risk. Volatility is the characteristic of a security, an index or a market to fluctuate significantly in price within a short time period. The Fund may invest in securities or financial instruments that exhibit more volatility than the market as a whole. Such exposures could cause the Fund’s net asset value to experience significant increases or declines in value over short periods of time.

 

Whipsaw Markets Risk. The Fund may be subject to the forces of “whipsaw” markets (as opposed to choppy or stable markets), in which significant price movements develop but then repeatedly reverse. “Whipsaw” describes a situation where a security’s price is moving in one direction but then quickly pivots to move in the opposite direction. There are two types of whipsaw patterns. The first involves an upward movement in a price, which is then followed by a drastic downward move causing the price to fall relative to its original position. The second type occurs when a share price drops in value for a short time and then suddenly surges upward to a positive gain relative to the original position. Such market conditions could cause substantial losses to the Fund.

 

FUND PERFORMANCE

 

As of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced investment operations. When the Fund has completed a full calendar year of investment operations, this section will include charts that show annual total returns, highest and lowest quarterly returns and average annual total returns (before and after taxes) compared to a benchmark index selected for the Fund. Updated performance information, when available, will be available online at www.[_________].com.

 

INVESTMENT ADVISER

 

Andurand Capital Management Ltd. is the investment adviser to the Fund.

 

PORTFOLIO MANAGER

 

Mr. Pierre Andurand is responsible for the day to day management of the Fund. Mr. Andurand has served in such capacity since inception of the Fund.

11 

 

PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES

 

Individual Shares may only be purchased and sold in secondary market transactions through a broker or dealer at a market price. Shares are listed for trading on the [NYSE Arca] under the ticker symbol [____] and, because Shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, Shares may trade at a price greater than or less than NAV.

 

An investor may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase Shares of the Fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for Shares (ask) when buying or selling Shares in the secondary market (the “bid/ask spread”).

 

The median bid/ask spread for the Fund’s most recent fiscal year cannot be provided as the Fund did not have sufficient trading history to report trading information and related costs. Once available, information about the Fund’s NAV, market price, premiums and discounts, and the bid/ask spreads, is included on the Fund’s website at www.[_______________].com.

 

TAX INFORMATION

 

The Fund’s distributions are taxable and will generally be taxed as ordinary income, capital gains, or qualified dividend income, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k) or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Subsequent withdrawals from such a tax-advantaged investment plan will be subject to special tax rules. Special rules will apply to distributions paid to shareholders who are foreign persons.

 

PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES

 

If you purchase Shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary, the Adviser or other related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Shares or related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

12 

 

ANDURAND ENERGY TRANSITION STRATEGY ETF

 

Investment Objective

 

The Andurand Energy Transition Strategy ETF seeks to provide total return.

 

The Fund has adopted a policy that requires the Fund to provide shareholders with at least 60 days’ notice prior to any material change in the Fund’s investment objective.

 

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

 

The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) that seeks to achieve attractive risk adjusted returns by investing in commodity futures contracts and exchange-traded commodity linked instruments (collectively, “Commodities Instruments”) through a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Fund organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands (the “Subsidiary”). The Fund will not invest directly in Commodities Instruments. The Fund expects to gain exposure to these investments exclusively by investing in the Subsidiary. The Subsidiary is advised by Andurand Capital Management Ltd., the Fund’s investment adviser (“Andurand” or the “Adviser”)).

 

These Commodities Instruments will seek to provide exposure to the transitions occurring in the energy sector as the world undergoes the energy transition away from fossil fuels towards a “net-zero” emissions world.

 

The Fund’s investment in the Subsidiary is intended to provide the Fund with exposure to commodity markets within the limits of current federal income tax laws applicable to investment companies such as the Fund, which limit the ability of investment companies to invest directly in Commodities Instruments. The Subsidiary has the same investment objective as the Fund, but unlike the Fund, it may invest without limitation in Commodities Instruments. Except as otherwise noted, for purposes of this prospectus, references to the Fund’s investments include the Fund’s indirect investments through the Subsidiary. The Fund will invest up to 25% of its total assets in the Subsidiary.

 

The Subsidiary seeks to make investments generally in Commodities Instruments while managing volatility. Investment weightings of the underlying Commodities Instruments held by the Subsidiary are rebalanced in an attempt to stabilize risk levels. The dynamic weighting process is designed to result in a disciplined, systematic investment process, which is keyed off of the Fund’s investment adviser’s volatility forecasting process.

 

The Subsidiary’s holdings in Commodities Instruments will consist, in part, of futures contracts, which are contractual agreements to buy or sell a particular commodity or financial instrument at a pre-determined price in the future. The Subsidiary may also invest in commodity-linked instruments, which include: (1) ETFs that provide exposure to commodities; and (2) pooled investment vehicles that invest primarily in commodities and commodity-related instruments. The Subsidiary may have both long and short positions in Commodities Instruments. However, for a given Commodity Instrument the Subsidiary will provide a net long exposure. Net long exposure means to hold or be exposed to a security or instrument with the expectation that its value will increase over time. As U.S. and London and other exchanges list additional contracts, as currently listed contracts on those exchanges gain sufficient liquidity or as other exchanges list sufficiently liquid contracts, the Fund’s investment adviser will include those contracts in the list of possible investments of the Subsidiary. The Commodities Instruments and commodities markets considered for investment can and will change overtime.

13 

 

The remainder of the Fund’s assets will primarily be invested in: (1) short-term investment grade fixed income securities, including U.S. government and agency securities and sovereign debt obligations of non-U.S. countries and repurchase agreements; (2) money market instruments; (3) ETFs and other investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”); and (4) cash and other cash equivalents. The Fund uses such instruments as investments and to collateralize the Subsidiary’s Commodities Instruments exposure on a day-to-day basis. The Fund may also invest directly in ETFs and other investment companies, including closed-end funds, that provide exposure to Commodities Instruments, equity securities and fixed income securities to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act.

 

The Board of Trustees may change, without shareholder approval, the Fund’s investment objective, investment strategy, and any policy in this prospectus or the Statement of Additional Information not specifically designated as “fundamental” (non-fundamental policies) without shareholder approval, except as otherwise indicated. Certain fundamental and non-fundamental policies of the Fund are set forth in the Statement of Additional Information under “Investment Restrictions.”

 

Additional Information About the Fund’s Principal Investment Risks

 

Risk is inherent in all investing. Investing in the Fund involves risk, including the risk that you may lose all or part of your investment. There can be no assurance that the Fund will meet its stated objective. The risks of the Fund will result from both the Fund’s direct investments and its indirect investments made through the Subsidiary. Accordingly, the risks that result from the Subsidiary’s activities will be described herein as the Fund’s risks. Before you invest, you should consider the following disclosure in addition to the Principal Investment Risks set forth above. The order of the below risk factors does not indicate the significance of any particular risk factor.

 

Authorized Participant Concentration Risk. Only an authorized participant may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. A limited number of institutions act as authorized participants for the Fund. However, participants are not obligated to make a market in the Fund’s shares or submit purchase and redemption orders for creation units. To the extent that these institutions exit the business, reduce their role or are unable to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders and no other authorized participant steps forward to create or redeem, the Fund’s shares may trade at a premium or discount to the Fund’s net asset value and possibly face delisting.

 

Call Risk. Some debt securities may be redeemed at the option of the issuer, or “called,” before their stated maturity date. In general, an issuer will call its debt securities if they can be refinanced by issuing new debt securities which bear a lower interest rate. The Fund is subject to the possibility that during periods of falling interest rates an issuer will call its high yielding debt securities. The Fund would then be forced to invest the unanticipated proceeds at lower interest rates, likely resulting in a decline in the Fund’s income. Such redemptions and subsequent reinvestments would also increase the Fund’s portfolio turnover. If a called debt security was purchased by the Fund at a premium, the value of the premium may be lost in the event of a redemption.

14 

 

Cash Transactions Risk. The Fund will effect some or all of its creations and redemptions for cash rather than in-kind. As a result, an investment in the Fund may be less tax-efficient than an investment in an ETF that effects its creations and redemptions only in-kind. ETFs are able to make in-kind redemptions and avoid being taxed on gains on the distributed portfolio securities at the fund level. A Fund that effects redemptions for cash may be required to sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. Any recognized gain on these sales by the Fund will generally cause the Fund to recognize a gain it might not otherwise have recognized, or to recognize such gain sooner than would otherwise be required if it were to distribute portfolio securities only in-kind. The Fund intends to distribute these gains to shareholders to avoid being taxed on this gain at the fund level and otherwise comply with the special tax rules that apply to it. This strategy may cause shareholders to be subject to tax on gains they would not otherwise be subject to, or at an earlier date than if they had made an investment in a different ETF. Moreover, cash transactions may have to be carried out over several days if the securities market is relatively illiquid and may involve considerable brokerage fees and taxes. These brokerage fees and taxes, which will be higher than if the Fund sold and redeemed its shares entirely in-kind, will be passed on to those purchasing and redeeming Creation Units in the form of creation and redemption transaction fees. In addition, these factors may result in wider spreads between the bid and the offered prices of the Fund’s shares than for ETFs that distribute portfolio securities in-kind.

 

Clearing Broker Risk. The failure or bankruptcy of the Fund’s and the Subsidiary's clearing broker could result in a substantial loss of Fund assets. Under current CFTC regulations, a clearing broker maintains customers’ assets that secure commodity futures positions in a bulk segregated account. If a clearing broker fails to do so, or is unable to satisfy a substantial deficit in a customer account, its other customers may be subject to risk of loss of their funds in the event of that clearing broker’s bankruptcy. In that event, the clearing broker’s customers, such as the Fund and the Subsidiary, are entitled to recover, even in respect of property specifically traceable to them, only a proportional share of all property available for distribution to all of that clearing broker’s customers.

 

Commodities Risk. Commodity prices can have significant volatility, and exposure to commodities can cause the value of the Fund’s shares to decline or fluctuate in a rapid and unpredictable manner. The values of physical commodities may be affected by changes in overall market movements, real or perceived inflationary trends, commodity index volatility, changes in interest rates or currency exchange rates, population growth and changing demographics, international economic, political and regulatory developments, and factors affecting a particular region, industry or commodity, such as drought, floods, or other weather conditions, livestock disease, changes in storage costs, trade embargoes, competition from substitute products, transportation bottlenecks or shortages, fluctuations in supply and demand, and tariffs, as well as global pandemics and epidemics. The commodity markets are subject to temporary distortions or other disruptions due to, among other factors, lack of liquidity, the participation of speculators, and government regulation and other actions.

15 

 

Commodity Regulatory Risk. Compliance with CFTC rules relating to disclosure, reporting and recordkeeping may increase the Fund’s expenses. In addition, certain exchanges may limit the maximum net long or net short speculative positions that a party may hold or control in any particular futures or options contracts, and it is possible that other regulatory authorities may adopt similar limits. The Fund’s investment decisions may need to be modified, and commodity contract positions held by the Fund may have to be liquidated at disadvantageous times or prices, to avoid exceeding any applicable position limits established by the CFTC, potentially subjecting the Fund to substantial losses. The regulation of commodity transactions in the United States is subject to ongoing modification by government, self-regulatory and judicial action. The effect of any future regulatory change with respect to any aspect of the Fund is impossible to predict, but could be substantial and adverse to the Fund. Suspension or termination of the Adviser’s registration as a commodity pool operator would prevent it, until such time (if any) as such registration was reinstated, from managing the Fund, and might result in the termination of the Fund.

 

Commodity-Linked Derivatives Risk. The value of a commodity-linked derivative instrument typically is based upon the price movements of the underlying commodity or an economic variable linked to such price movements. The prices of commodity-related investments may fluctuate quickly and dramatically as a result of changes affecting a particular commodity and may not correlate to price movements in other asset classes, such as stocks, bonds and cash. Commodity-linked derivatives are subject to the risk that the counterparty to the transaction, the exchange or trading facility on which they trade or the applicable clearing house may default or otherwise fail to perform. In addition, each exchange or trading facility on which the derivatives are traded has the right to suspend or limit trading in all futures or other instruments that it lists. The Fund’s use of commodity-linked derivatives may also have a leveraging effect on the Fund’s portfolio. Leverage generally magnifies the effect of a change in the value of an asset and creates a risk of loss of value on a larger pool of assets than the Fund would otherwise have had. The Fund is required to post margin in respect to its holdings in derivatives. Each of these factors and events could have a significant negative impact on the Fund.

 

Counterparty Risk. If the Fund enters into an investment or transaction that depends on the performance of another party, the Fund becomes subject to the credit risk of that counterparty. The Fund's ability to profit from these types of investments and transactions depends on the willingness and ability of the Fund’s counterparty to perform its obligations. If a counterparty fails to meet its contractual obligations, the Fund may be unable to terminate or realize any gain on the investment or transaction, resulting in a loss to the Fund. The Fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery in an insolvency, bankruptcy, or other reorganization proceeding involving a counterparty (including recovery of any collateral posted by it) and may obtain only a limited recovery or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances. If the Fund holds collateral posted by its counterparty, it may be delayed or prevented from realizing on the collateral in the event of a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding relating to the counterparty. Under applicable law or contractual provisions, including if the Fund enters into an investment or transaction with a financial institution and such financial institution (or an affiliate of the financial institution) experiences financial difficulties, then the Fund may in certain situations be prevented or delayed from exercising its rights to terminate the investment or transaction, or to realize on any collateral and may result in the suspension of payment and delivery obligations of the parties under such investment or transactions or in another institution being substituted for that financial institution without the consent of the Fund. Further, the Fund may be subject to “bail-in” risk under applicable law whereby, if required by the financial institution's authority, the financial institution's liabilities could be written down, eliminated or converted into equity or an alternative instrument of ownership. A bail-in of a financial institution may result in a reduction in value of some or all of securities and, if the Fund holds such securities or has entered into a transaction with such a financial security when a bail-in occurs, the Fund may also be similarly impacted.

16 

 

Credit Risk. An issuer or other obligated party of a debt security may be unable or unwilling to make dividend, interest and/or principal payments when due. In addition, the value of a debt security may decline because of concerns about the issuer’s ability or unwillingness to make such payments. Debt securities are subject to varying degrees of credit risk which are often reflected in credit ratings. The credit rating of a debt security may be lowered if the issuer or other obligated party suffers adverse changes to its financial condition. These adverse changes may lead to greater volatility in the price of the debt security and affect the security’s liquidity. High yield and comparable unrated debt securities, while generally offering higher yields than investment grade debt with similar maturities, involve greater risks, including the possibility of dividend or interest deferral, default or bankruptcy, and are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay dividends or interest and repay principal. To the extent that the Fund holds debt securities that are secured or guaranteed by financial institutions, changes in credit quality of such financial institutions could cause values of the debt security to deviate.

 

Cyber Security Risk. The Fund is susceptible to operational risks through breaches in cyber security. A breach in cyber security refers to both intentional and unintentional events that may cause the Fund to lose proprietary information, suffer data corruption or lose operational capacity. Such events could cause the Fund to incur regulatory penalties, reputational damage, and additional compliance costs associated with corrective measures and/or financial loss. These risks typically are not covered by insurance. In general, cyber incidents can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events. Cyber incidents include, but are not limited to, gaining unauthorized access to digital systems (e.g., through “hacking” or malicious software coding) for purposes of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data or causing operational disruption. Cyber attacks may also be carried out in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, such as causing denial-of-service attacks on websites (i.e., efforts to make network services unavailable to intended users). Cyber security failures by or breaches of the systems of the Adviser, distributor and other service providers (including, but not limited to, sub-advisers, index providers, fund accountants, custodians, transfer agents and administrators), market makers, authorized participants or the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests, have the ability to cause disruptions and impact business operations, potentially resulting in: financial losses; interference with the Fund’s ability to calculate its net asset value; disclosure of confidential trading information; impediments to trading; submission of erroneous trades or erroneous creation or redemption orders; the inability of the Fund or its service providers to transact business; violations of applicable privacy and other laws; regulatory fines penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs; or additional compliance costs. Substantial costs may be incurred by the Fund in order to resolve or prevent cyber incidents in the future. While the Fund has established business continuity plans in the event of, and risk management systems to prevent, such cyber attacks, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including the possibility that certain risks have not been identified and that prevention and remediation efforts will not be successful. Furthermore, the Fund cannot control the cyber security plans and systems put in place by service providers to the Fund, issuers in which the Fund invests, market makers or authorized participants. However, there is no guarantee that such efforts will succeed, and the Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result.

17 

 

Debt Securities Risk. Investments in debt securities subject the holder to the credit risk of the issuer. Credit risk refers to the possibility that the issuer or other obligor of a security will not be able or willing to make payments of interest and principal when due. Generally, the value of debt securities will change inversely with changes in interest rates. To the extent that interest rates rise, certain underlying obligations may be paid off substantially slower than originally anticipated and the value of those securities may fall sharply. During periods of falling interest rates, the income received by the Fund may decline. If the principal on a debt security is prepaid before expected, the prepayments of principal may have to be reinvested in obligations paying interest at lower rates. Debt securities generally do not trade on a centralized securities exchange making them generally less liquid and more difficult to value than common stock. The values of debt securities may also increase or decrease as a result of market fluctuations, actual or perceived inability or unwillingness of issuers, guarantors or liquidity providers to make scheduled principal or interest payments or illiquidity in debt securities markets generally.

 

Derivatives Risk. The use of derivative instruments involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other traditional investments. These risks include: (i) the risk that the counterparty to a derivative transaction may not fulfill its contractual obligations; (ii) risk of mispricing or improper valuation; and (iii) the risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset. Derivative prices are highly volatile and may fluctuate substantially during a short period of time. Such prices are influenced by numerous factors that affect the markets, including, but not limited to: changing supply and demand relationships; government programs and policies; national and international political and economic events, changes in interest rates, inflation and deflation and changes in supply and demand relationships. Trading derivative instruments involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities. Derivative contracts ordinarily have leverage inherent in their terms. The low margin deposits normally required in trading derivatives, including futures contracts, permit a high degree of leverage. Accordingly, a relatively small price movement may result in an immediate and substantial loss. The use of leverage may also cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous to do so in order to satisfy its obligations or to meet collateral segregation requirements. The use of leveraged derivatives can magnify potential for gain or loss and, therefore, amplify the effects of market volatility on share price.

 

Extension Risk. Extension risk is the risk that, when interest rates rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the issuer (or other obligated party) more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these debt securities to fall. Rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of debt securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest rates. The value of longer-term debt securities generally changes more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term debt securities. As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, securities may exhibit additional volatility and may lose value. Extension risk is particularly prevalent for a callable debt security where an increase in interest rates could result in the issuer of that security choosing not to redeem the debt security as anticipated on the security’s call date. Such a decision by the issuer could have the effect of lengthening the debt security’s expected maturity, making it more vulnerable to interest rate risk and reducing its market value.

18 

 

Foreign Commodity Markets Risk. The Fund, through the Subsidiary, will engage in trading on commodity markets outside the United States on behalf of the Fund. Trading on such markets is not regulated by any United States government agency and may involve certain risks not applicable to trading on United States exchanges. In a number of foreign markets, a substantial volume of trades which in the United States could only be executed on a regulated exchange are executed wholly off-exchanges, in privately negotiated transactions. In some cases, the intermediaries through which the Fund may deal on foreign markets may in effect take the opposite side of trades made for the Fund. The Fund may not have the same access to certain trades as do various other participants in foreign markets. Furthermore, as the Fund will determine its net assets in United States dollars, with respect to trading in foreign markets the Fund will be subject to the risk of fluctuations in the exchange rate between the local currency and dollars as well as the possibility of exchange controls. Certain futures contracts traded on foreign exchanges are treated differently for federal income tax purposes than are domestic contracts.

 

Frequent Trading Risk. The Fund, through the Subsidiary, regularly purchases and subsequently sells (i.e., “rolls”) individual commodity futures contracts throughout the year so as to maintain a fully invested position. As the commodity contracts near their expiration dates, the Fund rolls them over into new contracts. This frequent trading of contracts may increase the amount of commissions or mark-ups to broker-dealers that the Fund pays when it buys and sells contracts, which may detract from the Fund’s performance.

 

Futures Contracts Risk. The Fund may invest in futures contracts. Futures contracts are typically exchange-traded contracts that call for the future delivery of an asset by one party to another at a certain price and date, or cash settlement of the terms of the contract. The risk of a position in a futures contract may be very large compared to the relatively low level of margin the Fund is required to deposit. In many cases, a relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in immediate and substantial loss or gain to the investor relative to the size of a required margin deposit. The ability to establish and close out positions in futures contracts is be subject to the development and maintenance of a liquid secondary market. There is no assurance that a liquid secondary market on an exchange will exist for any particular futures contract at any particular time. If the Fund uses futures contracts for hedging purposes, there is a risk of imperfect correlation between movements in the prices of the derivatives and movements in the securities or index underlying the derivatives or movements in the prices of the Fund's investments that are the subject of such hedge. The prices of futures contracts, for a number of reasons, may not correlate perfectly with movements in the securities or index underlying them. For example, participants in the futures markets are subject to margin deposit requirements less onerous than margin requirements in the securities markets in general. As a result, futures markets may attract more speculators than the securities markets. Increased participation by speculators in those markets may cause temporary price distortions. Due to the possibility of price distortion, even a correct forecast of general market trends by the Fund’s portfolio managers still may not result in a successful derivatives activity over a very short time period. The Commodity Futures Trading Commission and the various exchanges have established limits referred to as “speculative position limits” on the maximum net long or net short positions that any person and certain affiliated entities may hold or control in a particular futures contract. It is possible that, as a result of such limits, the Fund will be precluded from taking positions in certain futures contracts it might have otherwise taken to the disadvantage of shareholders.

19 

 

Gap Risk. The Fund is subject to the risk that a commodity price will change from one level to another between periods of trading. Usually such movements occur when there are adverse news announcements, which can cause a commodity price to drop substantially from the previous day’s closing price.

 

Income Risk. The Fund’s income may decline when interest rates fall. This decline can occur because the Fund may subsequently invest in lower-yielding securities as debt securities in its portfolio mature, are near maturity or are called, or the Fund otherwise needs to purchase additional debt securities. In addition, the Fund’s income could decline when the Fund experiences defaults on the debt securities it holds.

 

Inflation Risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the value of assets or income from investments will be less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. As inflation increases, the present value of the Fund’s assets and distributions may decline. This risk is more prevalent with respect to debt securities held by a Fund. Inflation creates uncertainty over the future real value (after inflation) of an investment. Inflation rates may change frequently and drastically as a result of various factors, including unexpected shifts in the domestic or global economy, and the Fund’s investments may not keep pace with inflation, which may result in losses to Fund investors.

 

Interest Rate Risk. The value of debt securities held by a Fund will fluctuate in value with changes in interest rates. In general, debt securities will increase in value when interest rates fall and decrease in value when interest rates rise. A Fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates than would normally be the case due to the current period of historically low rates and the effect of potential government fiscal policy initiatives and resulting market reaction to those initiatives. Interest rate risk is generally lower for shorter term investments and higher for longer term investments. Duration is a common measure of interest rate risk. Duration measures a debt security’s expected life on a present value basis, taking into account the debt security’s yield, interest payments and final maturity. Duration is a reasonably accurate measure of a debt security’s price sensitivity to changes in interest rates. The longer the duration of a debt security, the greater the debt security’s price sensitivity is to changes in interest rates. Rising interest rates also may lengthen the duration of debt securities with call features, since exercise of the call becomes less likely as interest rates rise, which in turn will make the securities more sensitive to changes in interest rates and result in even steeper price declines in the event of further interest rate increases. An increase in interest rates could also cause principal payments on a debt security to be repaid at a slower rate than expected. This risk is particularly prevalent for a callable debt security where an increase in interest rates could cause the issuer of that security to not redeem the security as anticipated on the call date, effectively lengthening the security’s expected maturity, in turn making that security more vulnerable to interest rate risk and reducing its market value. When interest rates fall, a Fund may be required to reinvest the proceeds from the sale, redemption or early prepayment of a debt security at a lower interest rate.

20 

 

Key Man Risk. The success of the Fund's investment program is highly dependent on the investment skill and dedication of the Investment Adviser and particularly its Founder and Chief Investment Officer, Mr. Pierre Andurand. The Fund's investment results may suffer if Mr. Andurand should become unable for health or other reasons to apply the necessary attention to the management of the Fund’s investments.

 

Leverage Risk. The Fund has exposure to instruments subjecting them to leverage risk. Leverage may result in losses that exceed the amount originally invested and may accelerate the rates of losses. Leverage tends to magnify, sometimes significantly, the effect of any increase or decrease in the Fund’s exposure to an asset or class of assets and may cause the value of the Fund’s portfolio and the Fund’s shares to be volatile and sensitive to market swings. Certain instruments have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment.

 

Liquidity Risk. The Fund may have investments that it may not be able to dispose of or close out readily at a favorable time or price (or at all), or at a price approximating the Fund’s valuation of the investment. For example, certain investments may be subject to restrictions on resale, may trade over-the-counter or in limited volume, or may not have an active trading market. Illiquid securities may trade at a discount from comparable, more liquid investments and may be subject to wide fluctuations in market value. It may be difficult for the Fund to value illiquid securities accurately. The market for certain investments may become illiquid under adverse market or economic conditions independent of any specific adverse changes in the conditions of a particular issuer. If the Fund needed to sell a large block of illiquid securities to meet shareholder redemption request or to raise cash, these sales could further reduce the securities’ prices and adversely affect performance of the Fund. Disposal of illiquid securities may entail registration expenses and other transaction costs that are higher than those for liquid securities.

 

Management Risk. The Fund is subject to management risk because it is an actively managed portfolio. In managing the Fund’s investment portfolio, the portfolio managers will apply investment techniques and risk analyses that may not produce the desired result. There can be no guarantee that the Fund will meet its investment objective(s), meet relevant benchmarks or perform as well as other funds with similar objectives.

 

Market Maker Risk. The Fund faces numerous market trading risks, including the potential lack of an active market for Fund shares due to a limited number of market markers. Decisions by market makers or authorized participants to reduce their role or step away from these activities in times of market stress could inhibit the effectiveness of the arbitrage process in maintaining the relationship between the underlying values of the Fund’s portfolio securities and the Fund’s market price. The Fund may rely on a small number of third-party market makers to provide a market for the purchase and sale of shares. Any trading halt or other problem relating to the trading activity of these market makers could result in a dramatic change in the spread between the Fund’s net asset value and the price at which the Fund’s shares are trading on the Exchange, which could result in a decrease in value of the Fund’s shares. This reduced effectiveness could result in Fund shares trading at a discount to net asset value and also in greater than normal intraday bid-ask spreads for Fund shares.

21 

 

Market Risk. Market risk is the risk that a particular security, or shares of the Fund in general, may fall in value. Securities are subject to market fluctuations caused by such factors as economic, political, regulatory or market developments, changes in interest rates and perceived trends in securities prices. Shares of the Fund could decline in value or underperform other investments due to short-term market movements or any longer periods during more prolonged market downturns. In addition, local, regional or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, spread of infectious diseases or other public health issues, recessions, or other events could have a significant negative impact on the Fund and its investments.

 

Covid Risk. The Fund is currently subject to market disruptions risk due to COVID-19. An outbreak of respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus was first detected in December 2019 and has now spread internationally. This coronavirus has resulted in closing borders, enhanced health screenings, partial population vaccination, healthcare service preparation and delivery, quarantines, cancellations, disruptions to supply chains and customer activity, government sponsored fiscal stimulus programs, various moratoria on the applicability of certain laws and regulations, as well as general concern and uncertainty. The impact of this coronavirus, (and the variants of such virus) and other epidemics and pandemics that may arise in the future, could affect the economies of many nations, individual companies, their securities (including equity and debt), and the market in general in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. In addition, the impact of infectious diseases in developing or emerging market countries may be greater due to less established health care systems.

 

Health crises caused by the recent coronavirus outbreak may exacerbate other pre-existing political, social, financial, and economic risks in certain countries. The impact of the outbreak may last for an extended period of time.

 

New Adviser Risk. The Adviser has a limited history of managing mutual funds for investors to evaluate.

 

New Fund Risk. The Fund was recently formed and therefore has limited performance history for investors to evaluate.

 

Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is classified as a “non-diversified” investment company under the 1940 Act, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a “diversified fund”. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund. 

 

Operational Risk. The Fund is subject to risks arising from various operational factors, including, but not limited to, human error, processing and communication errors, errors of the Fund’s service providers, counterparties or other third-parties, failed or inadequate processes and technology or systems failures. Although the Fund and the Adviser seek to reduce these operational risks through controls and procedures, there is no way to completely protect against such risks.

22 

 

Premium/Discount Risk. The market price of the Fund’s shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in the Fund’s net asset value as well as the relative supply of and demand for shares on the Exchange. The Fund cannot predict whether shares will trade below, at or above their net asset value because the shares trade on the Exchange at market prices and not at net asset value. Price differences may be due, in large part, to the fact that supply and demand forces at work in the secondary trading market for shares will be closely related, but not identical, to the same forces influencing the prices of the holdings of the Fund trading individually or in the aggregate at any point in time. However, given that shares can only be purchased and redeemed in Creation Units, and only to and from broker-dealers and large institutional investors that have entered into participation agreements (unlike shares of closed-end funds, which frequently trade at appreciable discounts from, and sometimes at premiums to, their net asset value), the Fund believes that large discounts or premiums to the net asset value of shares should not be sustained absent disruptions to the creation and redemption mechanism, extreme market volatility or potential lack of authorized participants. During stressed market conditions, the market for the Fund’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the market for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings, which could in turn lead to differences between the market price of the Fund’s shares and their net asset value.

 

Prepayment Risk. Prepayment risk is the risk that the issuer of a debt security will repay principal (in part or in whole) prior to the scheduled maturity date. Debt securities allowing prepayment may offer less potential for gains during a period of declining interest rates, as the Fund may be required to reinvest the proceeds of any prepayment at lower interest rates, reducing its income. If the Fund purchased the debt securities at a premium, prepayments on the securities could cause the Fund to lose a portion of its principal investment. These factors may cause the value of an investment in the Fund to change. The impact of prepayments on the price of a debt security may be difficult to predict and may increase the security’s volatility.

 

Short Sales Risk. The Fund may engage in short sales. In connection with a short sale of a security or other instrument, the Fund is subject to the risk that instead of declining, the price of the security or other instrument sold short will rise. If the price of the security or derivative that is the subject of a short sale increases, then the Fund will incur a loss equal to the increase in price from the time that the short sale was entered into plus any premiums and interest paid to a third party in connection with the short sale. The risk of loss on a shorted position arises from the increase in value of the security sold short and is potentially unlimited unlike the risk of loss on a long position, which is limited to the amount paid for the investment plus transaction costs. Therefore, short sales involve the risk that losses may be exaggerated, potentially losing more money than the actual cost of the investment. Also, there is the risk that the third party to the short sale may fail to honor its contract terms, causing a loss to the Fund. Further, in times of unusual or adverse economic, market or political conditions, the Fund may not be able to fully or partially implement its short selling strategy. In addition, as a series of an investment company registered under the 1940 Act, the Fund must segregate liquid assets, or engage in other measures to “cover” open positions with respect to short sales. The Fund may nonetheless incur significant losses on short sales even if they are covered.

23 

 

Significant Exposure Risk. To the extent that the Fund invests a large percentage of its assets in a single asset class or the securities of issuers within the same country, state, region, industry or sector, an adverse economic, business or political development that affected a particular asset class, region or industry may affect the value of the Fund’s investments more than if the Fund were more broadly diversified. A significant exposure makes the Fund more susceptible to any single occurrence and may subject the Fund to greater volatility and market risk than a fund that is more broadly diversified.

 

Subsidiary Investment Risk. The Subsidiary is not registered as an investment company under the 1940 Act, and is not subject to all the investor protections of the 1940 Act. However, the Fund wholly owns and controls the Subsidiary, and the Fund and the Subsidiary are both managed by the same Adviser, making it unlikely that the Subsidiary will take action contrary to the interests of the Fund and its shareholders. The Fund’s Board has oversight responsibility for the investment activities of the Fund, including its investment in the Subsidiary, and the Fund’s role as sole shareholder of the Subsidiary. The Subsidiary is subject to the same investment restrictions and limitations, and follows the same compliance policies and procedures, as the Fund. The Fund and the Subsidiary test for compliance with certain investment restrictions and limitations on a consolidated basis, except that with respect to investments that may involve leverage, the Subsidiary complies independently with asset segregation requirements to the same extent as the Fund. Changes in the laws of the Cayman Islands, under which the Subsidiary is incorporated, could result in the inability of the Fund to effect its desired commodity investment strategy. In addition, changes in the tax laws in either the US or the Cayman Islands might negatively impact the Fund and its investors. For example, the Cayman Islands currently does not impose any income, corporate or capital gains tax, or withholding tax, on the Subsidiary. If the laws of the Cayman Islands were changed and the Subsidiary were required to pay Cayman Islands taxes, this may impact the Fund’s return based upon the percentage of assets allocated to the Subsidiary at that time.

 

Tax Risk. For the Fund to qualify as a RIC under the Code, the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income from “qualifying income.” The Fund intends to treat any income derived from the Subsidiary’s investments in Commodities Instruments as “qualifying income” under the provisions of the Code applicable to RICs. This treatment is not free from doubt under current law, and may be adversely affected by changes in legislation, Treasury Regulations, or other legally binding authority, any of which may have retroactive effective. The IRS has issued numerous PLRs to third parties unrelated to the Fund (on which only those parties may rely) concluding that similar arrangements resulted in qualifying income for a RIC. The IRS later revoked many of those PLRs.

 

In 2019, the IRS published Treasury Regulations (the “2019 Treasury Regulations”) under which “Subpart F income” from a “controlled foreign corporation” (a “CFC”) owned by the RIC would be qualifying income for the RIC if the income is either distributed to the RIC in the year in which it is included in income of the CFC or is derived with respect to the RIC’s business of investing in stocks or securities. The Subsidiary will be a CFC, and the Fund expects that all of the Subsidiary’s income from Commodities Instruments will be “Subpart F income” which the Fund must include in gross income when recognized regardless of whether the income is distributed to the Fund. The Fund also anticipates that, under the 2019 Treasury Regulations, the Fund’s income from Commodities Instruments will be qualifying income for a RIC if either (i) the Subsidiary distributes such income to the Fund in the year in which it is recognized, or (ii) such income is derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing in stock or securities.

24 

 

If the IRS were to determine that the income of the Subsidiary does not constitute qualifying income for a RIC and if such position were upheld, the Fund might not qualify as a RIC. If the Fund were not to qualify as a RIC for any taxable year and certain relief provisions were not available, the Fund’s taxable income would be taxable at the Fund level and again at the shareholder level when distributed to shareholders, and in order to re-qualify for taxation as a RIC, the Fund might have to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest and make certain distributions. In that case, the Fund’s Board of Trustees may decide to reorganize or close the Fund or materially change the Fund’s investment objective and strategies. If the Fund learns that it fails to qualify as a RIC, it will promptly notify shareholders of the implications of that failure.

 

Trading Issues Risk. Trading in Fund shares on the Exchange may be halted due to market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the Exchange, make trading in shares inadvisable. In addition, trading in Fund shares on the Exchange is subject to trading halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to the Exchange’s “circuit breaker” rules. There can be no assurance that the requirements of the Exchange necessary to maintain the listing of the Fund will continue to be met or will remain unchanged. The Fund may have difficulty maintaining its listing on the Exchange in the event the Fund’s assets are small, the Fund does not have enough shareholders, or if the Fund is unable to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders.

 

U.S. Government Securities Risk. U.S. government securities are subject to interest rate risk but generally do not involve the credit risks associated with investments in other types of debt securities. As a result, the yields available from U.S. government securities are generally lower than the yields available from other debt securities. U.S. government securities are guaranteed only as to the timely payment of interest and the payment of principal when held to maturity. While securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. federal government agencies (such as Ginnie Mae) are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Department of the Treasury, securities issued by government sponsored entities (such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac) are solely the obligation of the issuer and generally do not carry any guarantee from the U.S. government. No assurance can be given that the U.S. government will provide financial support to its government sponsored entities or any other agency if not obligated by law to do so.

 

Valuation Risk. The Fund or Subsidiary may hold securities or other assets that may be valued on the basis of factors other than market quotations. This may occur because the asset or security does not trade on a centralized exchange, or in times of market turmoil or reduced liquidity. There are multiple methods that can be used to value a portfolio holding when market quotations are not readily available. The value established for any portfolio holding at a point in time might differ from what would be produced using a different methodology or if it had been priced using market quotations. Portfolio holdings that are valued using techniques other than market quotations, including “fair valued” assets or securities, may be subject to greater fluctuation in their valuations from one day to the next than if market quotations were used. In addition, there is no assurance that the Fund or Subsidiary could sell or close out a portfolio position for the value established for it at any time, and it is possible that the Fund or Subsidiary would incur a loss because a portfolio position is sold or closed out at a discount to the valuation established by the Fund or Subsidiary at that time. The Fund’s ability to value investments may be impacted by technological issues or errors by pricing services or other third-party service providers.

25 

 

Volatility Risk. Volatility is the characteristic of a security, an index or a market to fluctuate significantly in price within a short time period. The Fund may invest in securities or financial instruments that exhibit more volatility than the market as a whole. Such exposures could cause the Fund’s net asset value to experience significant increases or declines in value over short periods of time. Volatility can be caused by many factors, including changes in the economy or financial markets or for reasons specific to a particular issuer.

 

Whipsaw Markets Risk. The Fund may be subject to the forces of “whipsaw” markets (as opposed to choppy or stable markets), in which significant price movements develop but then repeatedly reverse. “Whipsaw” describes a situation where a security’s price is moving in one direction but then quickly pivots to move in the opposite direction. There are two types of whipsaw patterns. The first involves an upward movement in a price, which is then followed by a drastic downward move causing the price to fall relative to its original position. The second type occurs when a share price drops in value for a short time and then suddenly surges upward to a positive gain relative to the original position. Such market conditions could cause substantial losses to the Fund.

 

SECONDARY INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

 

The Fund is actively managed and does not seek to track the performance of an index.

 

Borrowing: The Fund may borrow money from a bank up to a limit of 10% of the value of its assets, but only for temporary or emergency purposes.

 

Securities Lending: The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the Fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis, and will be maintained in an amount equal to at least 100% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent.

 

Repurchase Agreements. The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the Fund purchases securities or other obligations from a bank or securities dealer and simultaneously commits to resell them to a counterparty at an agreed-upon date or upon demand and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased obligations

 

Temporary Defensive Positions: The Fund may depart from its principal investment strategies in response to adverse market, economic or political conditions by taking temporary defensive positions. While in a temporary investment position, the Fund may invest some or all of its assets in cash and/or cash equivalent securities. Cash equivalent securities include, but are not limited to, obligations of the U.S. government or by its agencies or instrumentalities, money market fund shares, commercial paper, certificates of deposit and/or banker’s acceptances, as well as other interest bearing or discount obligations or debt instruments that carry an investment grade rating by a national rating agency. Under such circumstances, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective.

26 

 

ADDITIONAL RISK CONSIDERATIONS

 

In addition to the risks described previously, there are certain other risks related to investing in the Fund.

 

Trading Issues. Trading in Shares on the NYSE Arca may also be halted due to market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the NYSE Arca, make trading in Shares inadvisable. In addition, trading in Shares on the NYSE Arca is subject to trading halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to the NYSE Arca “Circuit breaker” rules. If a trading halt or unanticipated early closing of NYSE Arca occurs, a shareholder may be unable to purchase or sell Shares of the Fund. There can be no assurance that the requirements of the NYSE Arca necessary to maintain the listing of the Fund will continue to be met or will remain unchanged.

 

While the creation/redemption feature is designed to help the Shares trade close to the Fund’s NAV, market prices are not expected to correlate exactly to the Fund’s NAV due to timing reasons, supply and demand imbalances and other factors. In addition, disruptions to creations and redemptions, adverse developments impacting market makers, authorized participants or other market participants, high market volatility or lack of an active trading market for the Shares (including through a trading halt) may result in market prices for Shares of the Fund that differ significantly from its NAV or to the intraday value of the Fund’s holdings. If an investor purchases Shares at a time when the market price is at a premium to the NAV of the Shares or sells at a time when the market price is at a discount to the NAV of the Shares, then the investor may sustain losses.

 

When you buy or sell Shares of the Fund through a broker, you will likely incur a brokerage commission or other charges imposed by brokers. In addition, the market price of Shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid/ask spread” charged by the market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. The spread of the Fund’s Shares varies over time based on the Fund’s trading volume and market liquidity and may increase if the Fund’s trading volume, the spread of the Fund’s underlying securities, or market liquidity decrease. In times of severe market disruption, including when trading of the Fund’s holdings may be halted, the bid/ask spread may increase significantly. This means that Shares may trade at a discount to the Fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest during significant market volatility. During such periods, you may be unable to sell your Shares or may incur significant losses if you sell your Shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the Fund and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the Fund.

 

Shareholder Risk. Certain shareholders, may from time to time own a substantial amount of the Fund’s Shares. In addition, a third party investor, the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser, an authorized participant, a market maker or another entity may invest in the Fund and hold its investment for a limited period of time. There can be no assurance that any large shareholder would not redeem its investment. Redemptions by shareholders could have a negative impact on the Fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on the Fund’s listing exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the Shares.

27 

 

Authorized Participant Concentration Risk. Only an authorized participant may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. The Fund has a limited number of intermediaries that act as authorized participants, and none of these authorized participants are or will be obligated to engage in creation or redemption transactions. To the extent that these intermediaries exit the business or are unable to or choose not to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders (including in situations where authorized participants have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral), with respect to the Fund and no other authorized participant is able to step forward to create or redeem, Shares may trade at a discount to NAV and possibly face trading halts and/or delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The authorized participant concentration risk may be heightened in scenarios where authorized participants have limited or diminished access to the capital required to post collateral.

 

No Guarantee of Active Trading Market Risk. While Shares are listed on NYSE Arca, there can be no assurance that active trading markets for the Shares will be maintained by market makers or authorized participants. Decisions by market makers or authorized participants to reduce their role or “step away” from these activities in times of market stress may inhibit the effectiveness of the arbitrage process in maintaining the relationship between the underlying value of the Fund’s holdings and the Fund’s NAV. Such reduced effectiveness could result in the Fund’s Shares trading at a discount to its NAV and also in greater than normal intraday bid/ask spreads for the Fund’s Shares. Additionally, in stressed market conditions, the market for the Fund’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings. This adverse effect on liquidity for the Fund’s shares in turn could lead to differences between the market price of shares and underlying value of those shares.

 

Securities Lending. To the extent the Fund engages in securities lending, the Fund will receive collateral in connection with all loans of its securities holdings. The Fund, as a result, would be exposed to a risk of loss should a borrower default on its obligation to return the borrowed securities (e.g., the loaned securities may have appreciated beyond the value of the collateral held by the Fund). In the event of a bankruptcy of the borrower, the Fund could experience losses or delays in recovering the loaned securities. Loans of securities also involve a risk that the borrower may fail to return the securities or deliver the proper amount of collateral, which may result in a loss to the Fund. In addition, the Fund will bear the risk of loss of any cash collateral that it invests.

 

Operational Risk. The Fund is exposed to operational risk arising from a number of factors, including, but not limited to, human error, processing and communication errors, errors of the Fund’s service providers, counterparties or other third-parties, failed or inadequate processes and technology or system failures. The Fund seeks to reduce these operational risks through controls and procedures. However, these measures do not address every possible risk and may be inadequate for those risks that they are intended to address.

28 

 

These risks are described further in the Statement of Additional Information.

 

INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES

 

Investment Adviser

 

Andurand Capital Management Ltd. acts as the Fund’s investment adviser pursuant to an investment advisory agreement with the Trust on behalf of the Fund (the “Advisory Agreement”). The Adviser, located at The Hedge Business Centre, Level 5, Ir-Rampa ta’ San Giljan, Balluta Bay, St. Julian’s, STJ 1062, Malta, [is] registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an investment adviser.

 

Andurand, being a Maltese limited liability company incorporated on 27 August 2012, is also authorized and regulated by the Malta Financial Services Authority (“MFSA”) to provide investment services of collective portfolio management of assets, belonging to collective investment schemes pursuant to the Investment Services Act (Chapter 370 of the Laws of Malta). For purposes of the Directive 2011/61/EU (the “AIFM Directive”), Andurand has been identified as the alternative investment fund manager or “AIFM” of the Fund.

 

Andurand is also registered with the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) as a commodity pool operator (“CPO”) and is a member of the National Futures Association. Andurand is exempt from registration with the CFTC as a commodity trading advisor.

 

As of [________ __, ____], the Adviser provided supervisory and management services on approximately $[______] through commodity pools set up as mutual funds as well as a number of managed accounts. Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser manages the investment and reinvestment of the Fund’s assets and administers the affairs of the Fund subject to the supervision of the Board of Trustees.

 

Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor provides investment advisory services and pays most of the fund’s operating expenses (with certain exceptions) in return for a “unitary fee” (exclusive of brokerage and other expenses of executing fund transactions; taxes or governmental fees; costs of borrowing (such as interest charges and dividend expenses on securities sold short); litigation and indemnification expenses and other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the fund’s business).

 

Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Fund pays the Adviser an annual management fee of [_.__]% of the Fund’s average daily net assets less any amounts payable for advisory services, over the same corresponding period, to the Adviser by the Subsidiary. From time to time, the Adviser may waive all or a portion of its fee. The management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The initial term of the Advisory Agreement is two years. The Board may extend the Advisory Agreement for additional one-year terms. The Board and shareholders of the Fund may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon sixty (60) days’ notice. The Adviser may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon one hundred and twenty (120) days’ notice.

29 

 

The Subsidiary has entered into a separate advisory agreement with the Adviser (the “Subsidiary Advisory Agreement”) for the management of the Subsidiary’s portfolio pursuant to which the Subsidiary is obligated to pay the Adviser a management fee at the same rate that the Fund pays its Adviser for services provided to the Fund, and based on the Subsidiary’s average daily net assets. From time to time, the Adviser may waive all or a portion of its fee. The management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The initial term of the Advisory Agreement is two years. The Board may extend the Advisory Agreement for additional one-year terms. The Board and shareholders of the Fund may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon sixty (60) days’ notice. The Adviser may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon one hundred and twenty (120) days’ notice.

 

A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees’ approval of the Advisory Agreement will be available in the Fund’s semi-annual report to shareholders for the period ending March 31, 2022.

 

The Fund enters into contractual arrangements with various parties, including, among others, the Fund’s investment adviser, who provide services to the Fund. Shareholders are not parties to, or intended (or “third-party”) beneficiaries of those contractual arrangements.

 

This Prospectus and the Statement of Additional Information provide information concerning the Fund that you should consider in determining whether to purchase shares of the Fund. The Fund may make changes to this information from time to time. Neither this Prospectus nor the Statement of Additional Information is intended to give rise to any contract rights or other rights in any shareholder, other than any rights conferred by federal or state securities laws.

 

Portfolio Management

 

Mr. Pierre Andurand, Founder and Chief Investment Officer of Andurand, in his capacity as Chief Investment Officer of the Adviser, has been a Portfolio Manager for the Fund since inception.

 

Mr. Andurand was previously the Chief Investment Officer of BlueGold Capital Management LLP (“BlueGold”), a global commodities hedge fund manager which at its peak managed over US$2 billion in commodities and commodity related equities and which Mr. Andurand co-founded with Dennis Crema in 2007 and launched in 2008. Prior to BlueGold, Mr. Andurand was an energy trader at Vitol SA. Mr. Andurand started with Vitol SA in 2003 in Singapore and relocated to London where he became a partner and remained there until 2007. Between 2002 and 2003, Mr. Andurand was a principal and an oil trader at Bank of America in Singapore. In 2000, Mr. Andurand was recruited out of graduate school by Goldman Sachs to be an oil trader for the bank's commodities trading unit in Singapore.

 

Mr. Andurand holds a Masters Degree in International Finance from HEC Paris and an Engineering Degree in Applied Mathematics from Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, Toulouse, France.

 

The Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about the portfolio manager’s compensation structure, other accounts managed by the portfolio manager, and the portfolio manager’s ownership of securities of the Fund.

30 

 

PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES

 

General

The Shares are issued or redeemed by the Fund at NAV per Share only in Creation Unit size. See “How to Buy and Sell Shares” below.

 

Most investors buy and sell Shares of the Fund in secondary market transactions through brokers. Shares of the Fund are listed for trading in the secondary market on the NYSE Arca. Shares can be bought and sold throughout the trading day like other publicly traded shares. There is no minimum investment. Although Shares are generally purchased and sold in “round lots” of 100 Shares, brokerage firms typically permit investors to purchase or sell Shares in smaller “odd lots,” at no per share price differential. When buying or selling Shares through a broker, you will incur customary brokerage commissions and charges, and you may pay some or all of the spread between the bid and the offered price in the secondary market on each leg of a round trip (purchase and sale) transaction. The Fund trades on the NYSE Arca at prices that may differ to varying degrees from the daily NAV of the Shares. Given that the Fund’s Shares can be issued and redeemed in Creation Units, large discounts and premiums to NAV should not be sustained for long. The Fund trades under the NYSE Arca ticker symbol [____].

 

Share prices are reported in dollars and cents per Share.

 

Investors may acquire Shares directly from the Fund, and shareholders may tender their Shares for redemption directly to the Fund, only in Creation Units, as discussed in the “How to Buy and Sell Shares” section below.

 

This Prospectus, and the offer of shares hereunder, are not directed at persons outside the United States. In particular, the fund is not intended to be marketed to prospective investors in any member state of the European Union, Iceland, Liechtenstein or Norway (collectively, the “European Economic Area” or “EEA”). No notification or application has been made to the competent authority of any member state of the EEA under the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive (or any applicable legislation or regulations made thereunder) to market the fund to investors in the EEA and it is not intended that any such notification or application shall be made.

 

Book-Entry

Shares are held in book-entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) or its nominee is the record owner of all outstanding Shares of the Fund and is recognized as the owner of all Shares for all purposes (except for tax purposes).

 

Investors owning Shares are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for all Shares. Participants in DTC include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of Shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have Shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of Shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of Shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants. These procedures are the same as those that apply to any other stocks that you hold in book-entry or “street name” form.

31 

 

HOW TO BUY AND SELL SHARES

 

Pricing Fund Shares

The trading price of the Fund’s Shares on the NYSE Arca may differ from the Fund’s daily NAV and can be affected by market forces of supply and demand, economic conditions and other factors.

 

The NYSE Arca disseminates the approximate value of Shares of the Fund every fifteen seconds. The approximate value calculations are based on local market prices and may not reflect events that occur subsequent to the local market’s close. As a result, premiums and discounts between the approximate value and the market price could be affected. This approximate value should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of the NAV per Share of the Fund because the approximate value may not be calculated in the same manner as the NAV, which is computed once a day, generally at the end of the business day. The Fund is not involved in, or responsible for, the calculation or dissemination of the approximate value and the Fund does not make any warranty as to its accuracy.

 

The NAV per Share for the Fund is determined once daily as of the close of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”), usually 4:00 p.m. Eastern time, each day the NYSE is open for trading, provided that (a) any assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar shall be translated into U.S. dollars at the prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more major banks or dealers that makes a two-way market in such currencies (or a data service provider based on quotations received from such banks or dealers); and (b) U.S. fixed income assets may be valued as of the announced closing time for trading in fixed income instruments on any day that the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association announces an early closing time. NAV per Share is determined by dividing the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities, cash and other assets (including accrued interest), less all liabilities (including accrued expenses), by the total number of Shares outstanding.

 

Equity securities are valued at the last reported sale price on the principal exchange on which such securities are traded, as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE on the day the securities are being valued or, if there are no sales, at the mean of the most recent bid and asked prices.

 

Equity securities that are traded in over the counter markets are valued at the last quoted sales price in the markets in which they trade or, if there are no sales, at the mean of the most recent bid and asked prices. For securities traded on NASDAQ, the NASDAQ Official Closing Price generally will be used. Mutual funds, such as government money market funds, are valued at their last closing net asset value. Short-term securities with a maturity of 60 days or less are valued on the basis of amortized cost provided such amount approximates market value. Securities for which market quotations (or other market valuations such as those obtained from a pricing service) are not readily available, including restricted securities, are valued by a method that the Trustees believe accurately reflects fair value. Securities will be valued at fair value when market quotations (or other market valuations such as those obtained from a pricing service) are not readily available or are deemed unreliable, such as when a security’s value or meaningful portion of the Fund’s portfolio is believed to have been materially affected by a significant event. Such events may include a natural disaster, an economic event like a bankruptcy filing, a trading halt in a security, an unscheduled early market close or a substantial fluctuation in domestic and foreign markets that has occurred between the close of the principal exchange and the NYSE. In such a case, the value for a security is likely to be different from the last quoted market price. This, in turn, could lead to differences between the market price of the Fund’s shares and the underlying value of those shares. In addition, due to the subjective and variable nature of fair market value pricing, it is possible that the value determined for a particular asset may be materially different from the value realized upon such asset’s sale.

32 

 

Debt securities are valued at market value. Market value generally means a valuation (i) obtained from an exchange, a pricing service or a major market maker (or dealer), (ii) based on a price quotation or other equivalent indication of value supplied by an exchange, a pricing service or a major market maker (or dealer) or (iii) based on amortized cost. The Fund’s debt securities are thus valued by reference to a combination of transactions and quotations for the same or other securities believed to be comparable in quality, coupon, maturity, type of issue, call provisions, trading characteristics and other features deemed to be relevant. To the extent the Fund’s debt securities are valued based on price quotations or other equivalent indications of value provided by a third-party pricing service, any such third-party pricing service may use a variety of methodologies to value some or all of the Fund’s debt securities to determine the market price. For example, the prices of securities with characteristics similar to those held by the Fund may be used to assist with the pricing process. In addition, the pricing service may use proprietary pricing models.

 

Trading in securities on many foreign securities exchanges and over the counter markets is normally completed before the close of business on each U.S. business day. In addition, securities trading in a particular country or countries may not take place on all U.S. business days or may take place on days that are not U.S. business days. Changes in valuations on certain securities may occur at times or on days on which a Fund’s net asset value is not calculated and on which a Fund does not effect sales, redemptions and exchanges of its Shares.

 

Creation Units

Investors such as market makers, large investors and institutions who wish to deal in Creation Units (large specified blocks of Shares) directly with the Fund must have entered into an authorized participant agreement (such investors being “Authorized Participants” or “APs”) with ALPS Distributors, Inc. (“ADI” or the “Distributor”), and accepted by the transfer agent, or purchase through a dealer that has entered into such an agreement. Set forth below is a brief description of the procedures applicable to purchase and redemption of Creation Units. For more detailed information, see “Creation and Redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations” in the Statement of Additional Information.

 

How to Buy Shares

In order to purchase Creation Units of the Fund, an investor must generally deposit a designated portfolio of securities (the “Deposit Securities”) (and/or an amount in cash in lieu of some or all of the Deposit Securities) and generally make a cash payment referred to as the “Cash Component.” For those APs that are not eligible for trading a Deposit Security, and in such other circumstances as the Adviser believes are in the best interests of the Fund, custom orders are available. The list of the names and the amounts of the Deposit Securities is made available by the Fund’s custodian through the facilities of the National Securities Clearing Corporation (the “NSCC”) immediately prior to the opening of business each day of the NYSE Arca. The Cash Component represents the difference between the NAV of a Creation Unit and the market value of the Deposit Securities. In the case of custom orders, cash in lieu may be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Securities that either the AP may not be eligible to trade or the Adviser believes are in the best interests of the Fund not to accept in kind.

33 

 

Orders must be placed in proper form by or through a participant of the DTC (“DTC Participant”) that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor, approved by the Distributor and transmitted to the Transfer Agent, with respect to purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (collectively, “Authorized Participant” or “AP”). All standard orders must be placed for one or more whole Creation Units of Shares of the Fund and must be received by the Distributor in proper form no later than the close of regular trading on the NYSE (ordinarily 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) (“Closing Time”) in order to receive that day’s closing NAV per Share. In the case of custom orders, as further described in the Statement of Additional Information, the order must be received by the Distributor no later than one hour prior to Closing Time in order to receive that day’s closing NAV per Share. A custom order may be placed by an Authorized Participant in the event that the Trust permits or requires the substitution of an amount of cash to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Security which may not be available in sufficient quantity for delivery or which may not be eligible for trading by such AP or the investor for which it is acting or any other relevant reason.

 

A fixed creation transaction fee of $[___] per transaction (the “Creation Transaction Fee”) is applicable to each transaction regardless of the number of Creation Units purchased in the transaction. An additional variable charge for cash creations or partial cash creations may also be imposed to compensate the Fund for the costs associated with buying the applicable securities. The Fund may adjust these fees from time to time based on actual experience. The price for each Creation Unit will equal the daily NAV per Share times the number of Shares in a Creation Unit plus the fees described above and, if applicable, any transfer taxes.

 

Shares of the Fund may be issued in advance of receipt of all Deposit Securities subject to various conditions, including a requirement to maintain cash at least equal to 115% of the market value of the missing Deposit Securities on deposit with the Trust.

 

For more detailed information, see “Creation and Redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations” in the Statement of Additional Information.

 

Legal Restrictions on Transactions in Certain Stocks

An investor subject to a legal restriction with respect to a particular stock required to be deposited in connection with the purchase of a Creation Unit may, at the Fund’s discretion, be permitted to deposit an equivalent amount of cash in substitution for any stock which would otherwise be included in the Deposit Securities applicable to the purchase of a Creation Unit. For more detailed information, see “Creation and Redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations” in the Statement of Additional Information.

 

Redemption of Shares

Shares may be redeemed only in Creation Units at their NAV and only on a day the NYSE Arca is open for business. The Fund’s custodian makes available immediately prior to the opening of business each day of the NYSE Arca, through the facilities of the NSCC, the list of the names and the amounts of the Fund’s portfolio securities that will be applicable that day to redemption requests in proper form (“Fund Securities”). Fund Securities received on redemption may not be identical to Deposit Securities, which are applicable to purchases of Creation Units. Unless cash redemptions or partial cash redemptions are available or specified for the Fund as set forth below, the redemption proceeds consist of the Fund Securities, plus cash in an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of Shares being redeemed as next determined after receipt by the transfer agent of a redemption request in proper form, and the value of the Fund Securities (the “Cash Redemption Amount”), less the applicable redemption fee and, if applicable, any transfer taxes. Should the Fund Securities have a value greater than the NAV of Shares being redeemed, a compensating cash payment to the Fund equal to the differential, plus the applicable redemption fee and, if applicable, any transfer taxes will be required to be arranged for, by or on behalf of the redeeming shareholder.

34 

 

An order to redeem Creation Units of the Fund may only be effected by or through an Authorized Participant. An order to redeem must be placed for one or more whole Creation Units and must be received by the Distributor in proper form no later than the close of regular trading on the NYSE (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) in order to receive that day’s closing NAV per Share. In the case of custom orders, as further described in the Statement of Additional Information, the order must be received by the transfer agent no later than 3:00 p.m. Eastern time.

 

A fixed redemption transaction fee of $[___] per transaction (the “Redemption Transaction Fee”) is applicable to each redemption transaction regardless of the number of Creation Units redeemed in the transaction. An additional variable charge for cash redemptions or partial cash redemptions may also be imposed to compensate the Fund for the costs associated with selling the applicable securities. The Fund may adjust these fees from time to time based on actual experience. The Fund reserves the right to effect redemptions wholly or partially in cash. A shareholder may request a cash redemption or partial cash redemption in lieu of securities, however, the Fund may, in its discretion, reject any such request.

 

For more detailed information, see “Creation and Redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations” in the Statement of Additional Information.

 

Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries

The Adviser or its affiliates may make payments to broker-dealers or other financial intermediaries (each, an “Intermediary”) related to marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/ or reporting systems, or their making shares of the Fund and certain other series of the Trust available to their customers. Such payments, which may be significant to the intermediary, are not made by the Fund. Rather, such payments are made by the Adviser or its affiliates from their own resources, which come directly or indirectly in part from fees paid by the Trust, including the Fund. Payments of this type are sometimes referred to as revenue-sharing payments. An Intermediary may make decisions about which investment options it recommends or makes available, or the level of services provided, to its customers based on the revenue-sharing payments it is eligible to receive. Therefore, such payments to an Intermediary create conflicts of interest between the Intermediary and its customers and may cause the Intermediary to recommend the Fund or other series of the Trust over another investment. More information regarding these payments is contained in the SAI. Please contact your salesperson or other investment professional for more information regarding any such payments his or her firm may receive from the Adviser or its affiliates.

35 

 

Distributions

Dividends and Capital Gains. Fund shareholders are entitled to their share of the Fund’s income and net realized gains on its investments. The Fund pays out substantially all of its net earnings to its shareholders as “distributions.”

 

The Fund typically earns income dividends from stocks. These amounts, net of expenses, are passed along to Fund shareholders as “income dividend distributions.” The Fund realizes capital gains or losses whenever it sells securities. Net long-term capital gains are distributed to shareholders as “capital gain distributions.”

 

Income dividends, if any, are distributed to shareholders annually. Net capital gains are distributed at least annually. Dividends may be declared and paid more frequently to comply with the distribution requirements of the Code. Some portion of each distribution may result in a return of capital (which is a return of the shareholder’s investment in a fund). Fund shareholders will be notified regarding the portion of the distribution that represents a return of capital.

 

Distributions in cash may be reinvested automatically in additional whole Shares only if the broker through which the Shares were purchased makes such option available.

 

FREQUENT PURCHASES AND REDEMPTIONS

 

The Fund imposes no restrictions on the frequency of purchases and redemptions. The Board of Trustees evaluated the risks of market timing activities by the Fund’s shareholders when they determined that no restriction or policy was necessary. The Board noted that the Fund’s Shares can only be purchased and redeemed directly from the Fund in Creation Units by APs and that the vast majority of trading in the Fund’s Shares occurs on the secondary market. Because the secondary market trades do not involve the Fund directly, it is unlikely those trades would cause many of the harmful effects of market timing, including dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in the Fund’s trading costs and the realization of capital gains. To the extent the Fund may effect the purchase or redemption of Creation Units in exchange wholly or partially for cash, the Board noted that such trades could result in dilution to the Fund and increased transaction costs, which could negatively impact the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. However, the Board noted that direct trading by APs is critical to ensuring that the Fund’s Shares trade at or close to NAV. In addition, the Fund imposes fixed and variable transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units to cover the custodial and other costs incurred by the Fund in effecting trades.

 

ADMINISTRATOR, DISTRIBUOR, AND TRANSFER AGENT OF THE FUND

 

ALPS Fund Services, Inc. serves as the Fund’s administrator and fund accountant.

36 

 

ALPS Distributors, Inc. serves as the Fund’s distributor. 

 

[_____________] serves as the Fund’s custodian and transfer agent.

 

Federal Income Taxation

 

As with any investment, you should consider how your investment in Shares will be taxed. The tax information in this Prospectus is provided as general information. You should consult your own tax professional about the tax consequences of an investment in Shares.

 

The following is a description of material U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning and distributing Shares and of purchasing and redeeming Creation Units. The following information is a general summary of U.S. federal income tax consequences of investments in the Fund, but it does not describe all of the U.S. federal income tax considerations that may be relevant to a decision of whether to invest in the Fund. Except where otherwise noted, this discussion does not describe tax considerations applicable to investors in the Fund subject to special tax rules, such as:

 

financial institutions and insurance companies;

regulated investment companies and real estate investment trusts;

dealers or traders in securities that use a mark-to-market method of tax accounting;

investors holding their Shares as part of a larger integrated transaction, or as part of a straddle, wash sale, conversion transaction, or entering into a constructive sale of Shares

entities classified for income tax purposes as partnerships or that are otherwise flow-through entities for tax purposes;

investors whose investment in the Shares is made through a tax-exempt entity or tax -advantaged retirement account; or

investors subject to the alternative minimum tax.

 

This discussion applies only to persons who are beneficial owners of Shares for federal income tax purposes and who hold their Shares as capital assets. This discussion is based upon the Code, administrative guidance thereunder, and judicial decisions as of the date hereof, all of which is subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect.

 

Taxation of the Fund

 

The Fund expects, and the following discussion assumes, that the Fund will qualify under the Code as a RIC. To qualify as a RIC for a taxable year, the Fund must satisfy both an income test and an asset diversification test for such year, in addition to other requirements. The Fund cannot guarantee that it will qualify as a RIC for each taxable year. If the Fund failed to qualify as a regulated investment company, it would be subject to U.S. federal income taxes at corporate tax rates on its taxable income, and income of the Fund would also be taxed to shareholders when distributed to them.

 

If the Fund qualifies as a RIC, it will be exempt from federal income taxes if it distributes at least 90% of its net investment income (determined before taking into account any deductions for dividends paid) and any realized net capital gains. The Fund expects that it will satisfy these distribution requirements so that it will be exempt from U.S. income taxes, but there can be no assurance that this will be the case for each taxable year of the Fund. Any taxable income, including any net capital gain, that the Fund does not timely distribute (or timely report as undistributed capital gains taxable to its shareholders as if distributed) will be subject to U.S. federal corporation income taxation. In addition, as a RIC, the Fund would be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on certain amounts that it fails to distribute during each calendar year.

37 

 

Taxation of U.S. Shareholders.

 

The discussion in this section applies only to U.S. Shareholders of the Fund. A “U.S. Shareholder” is beneficial owner of Shares that is (i) an individual U.S. citizens or U.S. resident, (ii) corporations organized in the United States or under the law of the United States or any state, or (iii) an estate or trust whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source.

 

Taxes on Distributions. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, U.S. Shareholders are subject to taxation based on the underlying character of the income and gain recognized by the Fund and distributed to the shareholders. In general, distributions are subject to federal income tax when they are paid, whether you take them in cash or reinvest them in the Fund. Dividends paid out of the Fund’s income and net short term capital gains, if any, are taxable as ordinary income. Distributions of net long term capital gains, if any, in excess of net short term capital losses are taxable as long term capital gains, regardless of how long you have held your Shares.

 

The maximum individual rate applicable to long term capital gains is either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts. In addition, some ordinary dividends declared and paid by the Fund to non-corporate shareholders may qualify as “qualified dividend income” taxable at the lower tax rates applicable to long term capital gains, provided that holding period and other requirements are met by the Fund and the shareholder. Most of the income of the Fund is not expected to qualify for the lower tax rates.

 

Corporate shareholders may be able to take a 50% dividends-received deduction for a portion of the dividends received by a Fund to the extent such dividends the extent attributable to dividends eligible for the dividends-received deduction received by the Fund, provided that certain holding period and other requirements are satisfied by the Fund and the U.S. Shareholder.

 

Some of the Fund’s investments, such as certain option transactions, may be “section 1256 contracts.” Section 1256 contracts owned by the Fund generally will be treated for income tax purposes as if sold for their fair market values (i.e., “marked to market”) on an annual basis and resulting gains or losses generally will be treated as 60% long-term capital gains or losses and 40% short-term capital gains or losses.

 

The Fund’s investments in options and other derivatives (such as futures contracts and swaps) may change the amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders. Such investments will be subject to special tax rules, which may accelerate taxable income to the Fund, shorten the holding period of the Fund’s securities, convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses, or convert long-term capital gains into short-term capital gains taxable resulting in distributions taxable as ordinary income to shareholders

38 

 

An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions received from the Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Fund Shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s gross income, as adjusted, exceeds certain threshold amounts.

 

Distributions in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits are treated as a tax free return of capital to the extent of the US Shareholders’ basis in the Shares, and as capital gain thereafter.

 

A distribution may be taxable as ordinary income or capital gain even though, from an investment or financial standpoint, the distribution may constitute a return of capital.

 

The Fund may elect to treat any net capital gains that it retains for reinvestment as having been distributed to its shareholders. If the Fund makes such an election, each U.S. Shareholder must report its share of the undistributed net capital gain as long-term capital gain and will be entitled to claim its share of the U.S. federal income taxes paid by the Fund on such amount as a credit against its own U.S. federal income tax liability, and to claim a refund to the extent that the credit exceeds such tax liability. A U.S. Shareholder’s adjusted basis in its Shares will be increased by the excess of the amount of the retained net capital gains over the amount of the related refund and/or credit.

 

Taxes on Exchange-Listed Shares Sales. A U.S. Shareholder will recognize capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of Shares equal to the difference between the amount received for the Shares and the shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in the shares sold. Such gain or loss is generally treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the Shares have been held for more than one year and as short-term capital gain or loss if the Shares have been held for one year or less, except that any loss realized on shares held for six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any capital gain dividends that were received on the shares. The ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.

 

Any loss realized on a disposition of Shares may be disallowed under “wash sale” rules to the extent that the Shares sold are replaced with other substantially identical Shares within a period of 61 days beginning 30 days before the Shares are sold, such as pursuant to a dividend reinvestment in other Shares of the Fund. If disallowed, the loss will be reflected in an adjustment to the basis of the Shares acquired. Persons exchanging securities should consult their own tax advisor concerning whether the wash sale rules apply and when a loss might be deductible.

 

Taxes on Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units. An Authorized Participant who exchanges equity securities for Creation Units generally will recognize a gain or a loss on the exchange equal to the difference between the market value of the Creation Units at the time of the exchange and the exchanger’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered and the Cash Component paid. Persons exchanging equity securities for Creation Units should consult their tax advisor concerning the character and tax treatment of a resulting gain or loss.

39 

 

A person who exchanges Creation Units for equity securities will generally recognize a capital gain or loss equal to the difference between the aggregate market value of the securities received and the Cash Redemption Amount and the exchanger’s basis in the Creation Units exchanged, reduced by the amount of any cash paid to the Fund. Any such gain or loss would be a capital gain or loss if the Creation Units were held as a capital asset. The IRS, however, may assert that a loss realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units cannot be deducted currently under the rules governing “wash sales,” or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position. Persons exchanging securities should consult their own tax advisor with respect to whether the wash sale rules apply and when a loss might be deductible.

 

A shareholder that purchases or redeems Creation Units will be sent a confirmation statement showing how many and at what price you purchased or sold Shares.

 

Under Treasury regulations, if a U.S. Shareholder recognizes a loss with respect to the Fund’s shares of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder (or twice such amounts over a combination of years), the U.S. Shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886.

 

Information Reporting; Backup Withholding. Payments on the Shares and proceeds from a sale or other disposition of Shares will be subject to information reporting unless the U.S. Shareholders is an exempt recipient. A U.S. Shareholder will be subject to backup withholding on such payments unless it furnishes its taxpayer identification number (generally on IRS Form W-9) and certain other information and certifies under penalties of perjury that it is not subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules from a payment to a shareholder generally may be refunded or credited against the shareholder federal income tax liability, if any, provided that certain required information is timely furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.

 

Taxation of Foreign Shareholders

 

This discussion applies only to Foreign Shareholders. A “Foreign Shareholder” is a foreign beneficial owner of Shares that, for U.S. income tax purposes, is a nonresident alien individual, a foreign corporation, a foreign trust or a foreign estate. This discussion does not apply, however, to Foreign Shareholders subject to special tax rules, such as:

 

former U.S. citizens and residents and expatriated or inverted entities;

a nonresident alien individual present in the United States for 183 days or more in a taxable year.

a controlled foreign corporation, passive foreign investment company, or a foreign government; or

a Foreign Shareholder whose income from the Fund is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the Foreign Shareholder or, if a U.S. income tax treaty applies, is attributable to a U.S. permanent establishment of the Foreign Shareholder as determined under such treaty.

 

Distributions of “investment company taxable income” received by a Foreign Shareholder from the Fund (whether or not reinvested in Shares) will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at a 30% rate (or lower applicable treaty rate), except that such distributions properly reported as short-term capital gain dividends or interest-related dividends will be exempt from U.S. withholding tax.

40 

 

A Foreign Shareholder also is generally not subject to U.S. federal income tax on capital gain dividends or on amounts retained by the Fund that are designated as undistributed capital gains, and is not subject to U.S. federal income taxation on any gains (and is not allowed a deduction for losses) realized on the sale of Shares.

 

Information returns may be filed with the IRS reporting certain payments on Shares of a Foreign Shareholder or proceeds from a sale or redemption of the Foreign Shareholder’s Shares. A Foreign Shareholder may be subject to backup withholding on such payments unless the Foreign Shareholder certifies its non-U.S. status under penalties of perjury or otherwise establishes an exemption from backup withholding. Amounts withheld as backup withholding from a Foreign Shareholder generally may be refunded or credited against the Foreign Shareholder’s federal income tax liability if certain required information is timely furnished to the IRS.

 

To qualify for the exemption from U.S. withholding taxes on interest-related dividends or short-term capital gain dividends, or for a reduced rate of withholding taxes under an income tax treaty on distributions from the Fund, a Foreign Shareholder must generally deliver to the withholding agent a properly executed form (generally, an IRS Form W-8BEN or IRS Form W-8BEN-E, as applicable). To claim a refund of any backup withholding taxes or any Fund-level taxes imposed on undistributed net capital gains, a Foreign Shareholder must obtain a taxpayer identification number and file a U.S. federal income tax return.

 

Under provisions of the Code commonly referred to as “FATCA”, the Fund must withhold 30% of certain distributions it pays to shareholders that fail to meet prescribed information reporting or certification requirements. In general, no such withholding will be required with respect to a U.S. person or non-U.S. individual that timely provides required certifications on a valid IRS Form W-9 or applicable Form W-8, respectively. A non-U.S. entity that invests in the Fund will need to provide the Fund with documentation properly certifying the entity’s status as either exempt from, or compliant with, FATCA in order to avoid FATCA withholding. A more complete description of FATCA can be found in the SAI. Non-U.S. persons should consult their tax advisors concerning documentation necessary to establish an exemption from, or compliance with, FATCA in connection with investing in the Fund.  

 

The foregoing discussion summarizes some of the possible consequences under current federal tax law of an investment in the Fund. It is not a substitute for personal tax advice. You may also be subject to state and local taxation on Fund distributions, and sales of Fund Shares. Consult your personal tax advisor about the potential tax consequences of an investment in Fund Shares under all applicable tax laws. Changes in applicable tax authority could materially affect the conclusions discussed above and could adversely affect the Fund, and such changes often occur.

 

OTHER INFORMATION

 

Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings

The Fund’s portfolio holdings will be disclosed each day on its website at www. [_______________].com. A description of the Trust’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Fund’s portfolio securities is available in the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information.

41 

 

Premium/Discount Information

Information regarding how often the Shares of the Fund traded on the Exchange at a price above (i.e., at a premium) or below (i.e., at a discount) the NAV of the Fund during the most recently completed calendar year and subsequent quarters, when available, is available at www. [_______________].com.

 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

 

The Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not have a financial history.

 

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND

 

Shareholder Reports

 

Annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders provide additional information about the Fund’s investments. These reports, when available, will discuss the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Fund’s performance during its last fiscal year.

 

Statement of Additional Information

 

The Statement of Additional Information provides more detailed information about the Fund. It is incorporated by reference into (is legally a part of) this Prospectus.

 

Householding Relationships

 

The Fund sends only one report to a household if more than one account has the same address. Contact the Transfer Agent if you do not want this policy to apply to you.

 

How to Obtain Additional Information

 

You can obtain shareholder reports or the statement of additional information (without charge), make inquiries or request other information about the Fund by contacting the Transfer Agent at [1-___-___-____], by writing the Fund at Andurand Energy Transition Strategy ETF, [________, __________, ______, __ _____], or by calling your financial consultant. This information is also available free of charge on the Fund’s website at [www.____________.com]

 

The Fund’s shareholder reports, prospectus and statement of additional information and other information about the Fund are available on the EDGAR Database on the Commission’s Internet site at http://www.sec.gov, and copies of this information may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following E-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.

 

Investment Company Act File No. 811-22747

 

42 

 

 

Privileged and Confidential

 Draft

 

The information in this Statement of Additional Information is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This Statement of Additional Information is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION

 

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

[_________ __], 2022

 

ALPS Series Trust

 

Fund Ticker Principal Listing
Exchange
Andurand Energy Transition Strategy ETF [____] [NYSE Arca, Inc.]

 

This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) expands upon and supplements the information contained in the current Prospectus for the Fund listed above, which is a separate series of ALPS Series Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust”). Each series of the Trust represents shares of beneficial interest in a separate portfolio of securities and other assets with its own objective and policies. Andurand Capital Management Ltd. (the “Adviser”) is the investment adviser of the Fund.

 

This SAI is not a prospectus and is only authorized for distribution when preceded or accompanied by the Fund’s current prospectus dated [________ __], 2022, as supplemented from time to time (collectively, the “Prospectus”). This SAI supplements and should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus, a copy of which may be obtained without charge by writing the Trust’s distributor, ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”), or by calling toll free [___.___.____].

 

The Fund’s most recent Annual Report, when available, is incorporated by reference into this SAI and can be obtained free of charge, by calling the toll-free number printed above.

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

ORGANIZATION AND CLASSIFICATION 1
EXCHANGE LISTING AND TRADING 1
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS AND POLICIES 2
INVESTMENT POLICIES 4
ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES AND RISKS 4
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS AND RISKS 14
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS 16
INVESTMENT MANAGER 24
DISTRIBUTOR 24
CODE OF ETHICS 24
ADMINISTRATOR 24
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES 25
PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS 25
EXPENSES 25
PORTFOLIO MANAGER 25
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS 27
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE 30
DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST 32
CREATION AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNIT AGGREGATIONS 35
TAXES 45
FEDERAL TAX TREATMENT OF FUTURES CONTRACTS 50
DETERMINATION OF NAV 51
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS 52
INDICATIVE INTRA-DAY VALUE 52
OTHER INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND 53
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 53
APPENDIX  A 1

 

 

ORGANIZATION AND CLASSIFICATION

 

ALPS Series Trust

 

This SAI includes information about the Andurand Energy Transition Strategy ETF (the “Fund”). The Fund is a series of the ALPS Series Trust (the “Trust”), an open-end, management investment company organized as a Delaware statutory trust on January 12, 2012. The offering of the Fund’s shares is registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). ETFs are funds that trade like other publicly-traded securities. Similar to shares of a mutual fund, each share of the Fund represents a partial ownership in an underlying portfolio of securities. The shares of the Fund are referred to herein as “Shares” or “Fund Shares.”

 

The Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), classifies mutual funds as either diversified or non-diversified. The following table shows each Fund’s classification:

 

Fund Classification
Andurand Energy Transition Strategy ETF Non-Diversified

 

The Fund will offer and issue Shares at net asset value (“NAV”) only in aggregations of a specified number of Shares (each a “Creation Unit” or a “Creation Unit Aggregation”), generally in exchange for a basket of securities (the “Deposit Securities”), together with the deposit of a specified cash payment (the “Cash Component”). The Trust reserves the right to offer a “cash” option for creations and redemptions of Fund Shares. In each instance of such cash creations or redemptions, transaction fees may be imposed that will be higher than the transaction fees associated with in kind creations or redemptions. In all cases, such fees will be limited in accordance with the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) applicable to management investment companies offering redeemable securities.

 

The Fund Shares are listed on the NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca” or the “Exchange”) under the trading symbol [____]. Fund Shares will trade on the Exchange at market prices that may be below, at or above NAV. Shares are redeemable only in Creation Unit Aggregations and, generally, in exchange for portfolio securities and a specified cash payment. Creation Units are aggregations of 25,000 Shares. In the event of the liquidation of the Fund, the Trust may transact in Shares in less than Creation Unit quantities.

 

Fund Shares may be issued in advance of receipt of Deposit Securities subject to various conditions including a requirement to maintain on deposit with the Trust cash at least equal to 115% of the market value of the missing Deposit Securities. See the “Creation and Redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations” section.

 

EXCHANGE LISTING AND TRADING

 

Shares of the Fund have been approved for listing and trading on the Exchange. The Fund Shares trade on the Exchange at prices that may differ to some degree from its NAV. There can be no assurance that the requirements of the Exchange necessary to maintain the listing of Shares of the Fund will continue to be met. The Exchange may, but is not required to, remove the Shares of the Fund from listing if, (i) the Exchange becomes aware that the Fund is no longer eligible to operate in reliance on Rule 6c-11 under the 1940 Act; (ii) the Fund no longer complies with the requirements set forth in the applicable rule governing the listing of the Fund on the Exchange; (iii) following the initial 12-month period beginning at the commencement of trading of the Fund, there are fewer than 50 beneficial holders of the Shares of the Fund; or (iv) such other event shall occur or condition exist that, in the opinion of the Exchange, makes further dealings on the Exchange inadvisable. The Exchange will remove the Fund Shares from listing and trading upon termination of the Fund.

- 1

 

As in the case of other stocks traded on the Exchanges, broker’s commissions on transactions will be based on negotiated commission rates at customary levels.

 

The Trust reserves the right to adjust the price levels of the Shares in the future to help maintain convenient trading ranges for investors. Any adjustments would be accomplished through stock splits or reverse stock splits, which would have no effect on the net assets of the Fund.

 

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS AND POLICIES

 

Fundamental and Non-Fundamental Investment Restrictions

 

Fundamental Investment Restrictions

 

The following is a description of fundamental policies of each Fund that may not be changed without the vote of a majority of a Fund’s outstanding voting securities. Under the 1940 Act, the vote of a majority of the outstanding securities of a company means the vote, at the annual or a special meeting of the security holders of such company duly called: (A) of 67 per centum or more of the voting securities present at such meeting, if the holders of more than 50 per centum of the outstanding voting securities of such company are present or represented by proxy; or (B) of more than 50 per centum of the outstanding voting securities of such company, whichever is less. The other restrictions set forth below, as well as each Fund’s investment objective and each of the other investment restrictions set forth in the Prospectus or this SAI and not designated as fundamental, are not fundamental policies and may be changed by the Board of Trustees.

 

Except for restriction (2) and (4)(iii) below, any limitation that involves a maximum percentage shall not be considered violated unless an excess over the percentage occurs immediately after, and is caused by, an acquisition or encumbrance of securities or assets of, or borrowings by, the Fund. With respect to the Fund’s fundamental investment restriction (7) below, asset coverage of at least 300% (as defined in the 1940 Act), inclusive of any amounts borrowed, must be maintained at all times.

 

As a matter of fundamental policy, the Fund (except as otherwise noted below) may not:

 

(1) Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in securities of issuers in any one industry or group of industries. This restriction does not apply to obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities.

- 2

 

(2) Borrow money, except that the Fund may (i) borrow money from banks for temporary or emergency purposes (but not for leverage or the purchase of investments) up to 10% of its total assets and (ii) make other investments or engage in other transactions permissible under the 1940 Act that may involve a borrowing, provided that the combination of (i) and (ii) shall not exceed 33 1/3% of the value of the Fund’s total assets (including the amount borrowed), less the Fund’s liabilities (other than borrowings).

 

(3) Act as an underwriter of another issuer’s securities, except to the extent that the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933 in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio securities.

 

(4) Make loans to other persons, except through (i) the purchase of debt securities permissible under the Fund’s investment policies, (ii) repurchase agreements or (iii) the lending of portfolio securities, provided that no such loan of portfolio securities may be made by the Fund if, as a result, the aggregate of such loans would exceed 33 1/3% of the value of the Fund’s total assets.

 

(5) Purchase or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments (but this shall not prevent the Fund (i) from purchasing or selling options, futures contracts or other derivative instruments, or (ii) from investing in securities or other instruments backed by physical commodities).

 

(6) Purchase or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments (but this shall not prohibit the Fund from purchasing or selling securities or other instruments backed by real estate or of issuers engaged in real estate activities).

 

(7) Issue senior securities, except as permitted under the 1940 Act.

 

In addition to the foregoing fundamental investment policies, the Fund is also subject to the following non-fundamental restrictions and policies, which may be changed at any time by the Board of Trustees without shareholder approval. The Fund may not:

 

(1) Sell securities short, unless the Fund owns or has the right to obtain securities equivalent in kind and amount to the securities sold short at no added cost, and provided that transactions in options, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, or other derivative instruments are not deemed to constitute selling securities short.

 

(2) Purchase securities on margin, except that the Fund may obtain such short-term credits as are necessary for the clearance of transactions; and provided that margin deposits in connection with futures contracts, options on futures contracts or other derivative instruments shall not constitute purchasing securities on margin.

 

(3) Purchase securities of open-end or closed-end investment companies except in compliance with the 1940 Act.

- 3

 

(4) Invest in illiquid securities if, as a result of such investment, more than 15% of the Fund’s net assets would be invested in illiquid securities.

 

(5) Invest in direct interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration programs or leases; however, the Fund may invest in securities of issuers that engage in these activities.

 

INVESTMENT POLICIES

 

The investment objective and principal investment strategies for the Fund are provided in its Prospectus. The investment objective of the Fund is a non-fundamental policy that can be changed by the Board of Trustees without approval by shareholders. The Fund may not invest in all of the investments listed below. The Fund uses investment techniques commonly used by other exchange traded funds.

 

ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES AND RISKS

 

A discussion of the risks associated with an investment in the Fund is contained in the Fund’s Prospectus under the headings “Principal Investment Risks,” “Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund” and “Additional Risk Considerations.” The discussion below supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, such sections of the Fund’s Prospectus.

 

General Considerations

 

Investment in the Fund should be made with an understanding that the value of the portfolio of securities held by the Fund may fluctuate in accordance with changes in the financial condition of the issuers of the portfolio securities, the value of common stocks generally and other factors.

 

Holders of common stocks incur more risk than holders of preferred stocks and debt obligations because common stockholders, as owners of the issuer, have generally inferior rights to receive payments from the issuer in comparison with the rights of creditors of, or holders of debt obligations or preferred stocks issued by, the issuer. Further, unlike debt securities which typically have a stated principal amount payable at maturity (whose value, however, will be subject to market fluctuations prior thereto), or preferred stocks which typically have a liquidation preference and which may have stated optional or mandatory redemption provisions, common stocks have neither a fixed principal amount nor a maturity. Common stock values are subject to market fluctuations as long as the common stock remains outstanding.

 

Loans of Portfolio Securities. The Fund may lend its investment securities to approved borrowers. Any gain or loss on the market price of the securities loaned that might occur during the term of the loan would be for the account of the Fund. These loans cannot exceed 33 1/3% of the Fund’s total assets.

 

Approved borrowers are brokers, dealers, domestic and foreign banks, or other financial institutions that meet credit or other requirements as established by the securities lending agent, so long as the terms, the structure and the aggregate amount of such loans are not inconsistent with the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder or interpretations of the SEC, which require that (a) the borrowers pledge and maintain with the Fund collateral consisting of cash, an irrevocable letter of credit issued by a bank, or securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government having a value at all times of not less than 102% of the value of the securities loaned (on a “mark-to-market” basis, and maintained in an amount equal to at least 100% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent); (b) the loan be made subject to termination by the Fund at any time; and (c) the Fund receives reasonable interest on the loan. From time to time, the Fund may return a part of the interest earned from the investment of collateral received from securities loaned to the borrower and/or a third party securities lending agent that is unaffiliated with the Fund and that is acting as a finder.

- 4

 

Risks of Securities Lending. The Fund will not have the right to vote securities while they are on loan, but it will recall securities on loan if the Adviser determines that the shareholder meeting is called for purposes of voting on material events that could have a material impact on the Fund’s loaned securities and for which the vote could be material to the Fund. The Fund would receive income in lieu of dividends on loaned securities and may, at the same time, generate income on the loan collateral or on the investment of any cash collateral.

 

Securities lending involves a risk of loss because the borrower may fail to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. If the borrower defaults on its obligation to return the securities loaned because of insolvency or other reasons, the Fund could experience delays and costs in recovering securities loaned or gaining access to the collateral. If the Fund is not able to recover the securities loaned, the Fund may sell the collateral and purchase a replacement security in the market. Lending securities entails a risk of loss to the Fund if, and to the extent that, the market value of the loaned securities increases and the collateral is not increased accordingly. Securities lending also involves exposure to operational risk (the risk of loss resulting from errors in the settlement and accounting process) and “gap risk” (the risk that the return on cash collateral reinvestments will be less than the fees paid to the borrower).

 

Any cash received as collateral for loaned securities may be invested in Money Market Instruments (as defined below). The Fund bears the risk of such investments. Investing this cash subjects that investment to market appreciation or depreciation. For purposes of determining whether the Fund is complying with its investment policies, strategies and restrictions, the Fund or the Adviser will consider the loaned securities as assets of the Fund, but will not consider any collateral received as the Fund asset. The Fund will bear any loss on the investment of cash collateral. The Fund may have to pay the borrower a fee based on the amount of cash collateral. The Fund may pay lending fees to a party arranging the loan.

 

Regulations adopted by the global prudential regulators require counterparties that are part of U.S. or foreign global systemically important banking organizations to include contractual restrictions on close-out and cross-default in agreements relating to qualified financial contracts. Securities lending agreements are included in the category of qualified financial contracts (as well as repurchase agreements). The restrictions prevent the Fund from closing out a qualified financial contract during a specified time period (e.g., two days) if the counterparty is subject to resolution proceedings and prohibit the Fund from exercising default rights during that period due to a receivership or similar proceeding of an affiliate of the counterparty. Implementation of these requirements may increase credit and other risks to the Fund.

- 5

 

Senior Securities. In general, the Fund may not issue any class of senior security, except within the limitations of the 1940 Act. These limitations allow the Fund to (i) borrow from banks, provided that immediately following any such borrowing there is an asset coverage of at least 300% (the “Asset Coverage Requirement”) for all Fund borrowings, and (ii) engage in trading practices which could be deemed to involve the issuance of a senior security, including but not limited to futures, provided that the Fund earmarks or segregates liquid assets in accordance with applicable SEC regulations and interpretations.

 

Dividend Risk. There is no guarantee that the issuer of stocks held by the Fund will declare dividends in the future or that if declared, they will either remain at current levels or increase over time.

 

Repurchase Agreements. The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements, which are agreements pursuant to which securities are acquired by the Fund from a third party with the understanding that they will be repurchased by the seller at a fixed price on an agreed date. These agreements may be made with respect to any of the portfolio securities in which the Fund is authorized to invest. Repurchase agreements may be characterized as loans secured by the underlying securities. The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with (i) member banks of the Federal Reserve System having total assets in excess of $500 million and (ii) securities dealers (“Qualified Institutions”). The Adviser will monitor the continued creditworthiness of Qualified Institutions.

 

The use of repurchase agreements involves certain risks. For example, if the seller of securities under a repurchase agreement defaults on its obligation to repurchase the underlying securities, as a result of its bankruptcy or otherwise, the Fund will seek to dispose of such securities, which action could involve costs or delays. If the seller becomes insolvent and subject to liquidation or reorganization under applicable bankruptcy or other laws, the Fund’s ability to dispose of the underlying securities may be restricted. Finally, it is possible that the Fund may not be able to substantiate its interest in the underlying securities. To minimize this risk, the securities underlying the repurchase agreement will be held by the custodian at all times in an amount at least equal to the repurchase price, including accrued interest. If the seller fails to repurchase the securities, the Fund may suffer a loss to the extent proceeds from the sale of the underlying securities are less than the repurchase price.

 

The resale price reflects the purchase price plus an agreed upon market rate of interest. The collateral is marked-to-market daily.

 

Reverse Repurchase Agreements. The Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements, which involve the sale of securities with an agreement to repurchase the securities at an agreed-upon price, date and interest payment and have the characteristics of borrowing. The securities purchased with the funds obtained from the agreement and securities collateralizing the agreement will have maturity dates no later than the repayment date. Generally, the effect of such transactions is that the Fund can recover all or most of the cash invested in the portfolio securities involved during the term of the reverse repurchase agreement, while in many cases the Fund is able to keep some of the interest income associated with those securities. Such transactions are advantageous if the Fund has an opportunity to earn a greater rate of return on the cash derived from these transactions than the interest cost of obtaining the same amount of cash. Opportunities to realize earnings from the use of the proceeds equal to or greater than the interest required to be paid may not always be available and the Fund intends to use the reverse repurchase technique only when the Adviser believes it will be advantageous to the Fund. The use of reverse repurchase agreements may exaggerate any interim increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s assets. The custodian bank will maintain a separate account for the Fund with securities having a value equal to or greater than such commitments. Under the 1940 Act, reverse repurchase agreements are considered loans.

- 6

 

Money Market Instruments. The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in high-quality money market instruments on an ongoing basis to provide liquidity. The instruments in which the Fund may invest include: (i) short-term U.S. Treasury securities issued by the U.S. Government; (ii) repurchase agreements; and (iii) government money market mutual funds.

 

Investment Companies. The Fund may invest in the securities of other investment companies (including money market funds and business development companies). Under the 1940 Act, the Fund’s investment in investment companies is limited to, subject to certain exceptions: (i) 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of any one investment company, (ii) 5% of the Fund’s total assets with respect to any one investment company and (iii) 10% of the Fund’s total assets of investment companies in the aggregate. Subject to Rule 12d1-4 under the 1940 Act, the Fund may invest in certain investment companies beyond the 3%/5%/10% limitations described above, subject to applicable conditions.

 

Illiquid Securities. The Fund will not invest in illiquid securities (as defined in Rule 22e-4(a)(8) under the 1940 Act) if, as a result of such investment, more than 15% of the Fund’s net assets would be invested in illiquid securities. Illiquid securities include securities subject to contractual or other restrictions on resale and other instruments that lack readily available markets. The Fund’s investments in restricted and illiquid securities, if any, may entail greater risk than investments in other types of securities. These securities may be more difficult to sell, particularly in times of market turmoil. Additionally, the market for certain investments deemed liquid at the time of purchase may become illiquid under adverse market or economic conditions. Illiquid securities may be more difficult to value. If the Fund is forced to sell an illiquid security to fund redemptions or for other cash needs, it may be forced to sell the security at a loss or for less than its fair value.

 

Futures and Options. The Fund may utilize exchange-traded futures and options contracts.

 

Futures contracts generally provide for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified commodity at a specified future time and at a specified price. Stock index futures contracts are settled daily with a payment by one party to the other of a cash amount based on the difference between the level of the stock index specified in the contract from one day to the next. Futures contracts are standardized as to maturity date and underlying instrument and are traded on futures exchanges.

 

Futures traders are required to make a good faith margin deposit in cash or U.S. government securities with a broker or custodian to initiate and maintain open positions in futures contracts. A margin deposit is intended to assure completion of the contract (delivery or acceptance of the underlying commodity or payment of the cash settlement amount) if it is not terminated prior to the specified delivery date. Brokers may establish deposit requirements which are higher than the exchange minimums. Futures contracts are customarily purchased and sold on margin deposits which may range upward from less than 5% of the value of the contract being traded.

- 7

 

After a futures contract position is opened, the value of the contract is marked-to-market daily. If the futures contract price changes to the extent that the margin on deposit does not satisfy margin requirements, payment of additional “variation” margin will be required. Conversely, a change in the contract value may reduce the required margin, resulting in a repayment of excess margin to the contract holder. Variation margin payments are made to and from the futures broker for as long as the contract remains open. In such case, the Fund would expect to earn interest income on its margin deposits. Closing out an open futures position is done by taking an opposite position (“buying” a contract which has previously been “sold,” or “selling” a contract previously “purchased”) in an identical contract to terminate the position. Brokerage commissions are incurred when a futures contract position is opened or closed.

 

The Fund may use exchange-traded futures and options, together with positions in cash and money market instruments.

 

An option on a futures contract, as contrasted with the direct investment in such a contract, gives the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in the underlying futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time prior to the expiration date of the option. Upon exercise of an option, the delivery of the futures position by the writer of the option to the holder of the option will be accompanied by delivery of the accumulated balance in the writer’s futures margin account that represents the amount by which the market price of the futures contract exceeds (in the case of a call) or is less than (in the case of a put) the exercise price of the option on the futures contract. The potential for loss related to the purchase of an option on a futures contract is limited to the premium paid for the option plus transaction costs. Because the value of the option is fixed at the point of purchase, there are no daily cash payments by the purchaser to reflect changes in the value of the underlying contract; however, the value of the option changes daily and that change would be reflected in the NAV of the Fund. The potential for loss related to writing call options on equity securities or indices is unlimited. The potential for loss related to writing put options is limited only by the aggregate strike price of the put option less the premium received.

 

The Fund may purchase and write put and call options on futures contracts that are traded on a U.S. exchange or other exchanges as a hedge against changes in value of its portfolio securities, or in anticipation of the purchase of securities, and may enter into closing transactions with respect to such options to terminate existing positions. There is no guarantee that such closing transactions can be effected.

 

Restrictions on the Use of Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts. Pursuant to a claim for exemption filed with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) on behalf of the Fund, neither the Fund nor the Trust is deemed to be a “commodity pool” or “commodity pool operator” (“CPO”), respectively, under the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”), and they are not subject to registration or regulation as such under the CEA. The Adviser is not deemed to be a “commodity trading advisor” with respect to its services as an investment adviser to the Fund. In the event that the Adviser were required to register as a CPO with respect to the Fund, the disclosure and operations of the Fund would need to comply with all applicable CFTC regulations. Compliance with these additional registration and regulatory requirements would increase operational expenses. Other potentially adverse regulatory initiatives could also develop.

- 8

 

Swap Agreements. Swap agreements are contracts between parties in which one party agrees to make periodic payments to the other party (the “Counterparty”) based on the change in market value or level of a specified U.S. or foreign rate, index or asset. In return, the Counterparty agrees to make periodic payments to the first party based on the return of a different specified rate, index or asset. Swap agreements will usually be done on a net basis, the Fund receiving or paying only the net amount of the two payments. The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Fund’s obligations over its entitlements with respect to each swap is accrued on a daily basis and an amount of cash or highly liquid securities having an aggregate value at least equal to the accrued excess is maintained in an account at the Trust’s custodian bank.

 

The use of interest rate and index swaps is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio security transactions. These transactions generally do not involve the delivery of securities or other underlying assets or principal.

 

The use of swap agreements involves certain risks. For example, if the Counterparty under a swap agreement defaults on its obligation to make payments due from it, as a result of its bankruptcy or otherwise, the Fund may lose such payments altogether, or collect only a portion thereof, which collection could involve costs or delays.

 

Risks of Derivatives. Derivatives are financial contracts whose value depends on, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index, and may relate to stocks, bonds, interest rates, currencies or currency exchange rates, commodities, and related indexes. The various derivative instruments that the Fund may use are described in more detail under “Futures and Options,” “Swap Agreements” and “Currency Transactions” in this Statement of Additional Information. The Fund may, but is not required to, use derivative instruments for risk management purposes or as part of its investment strategies.

- 9

 

The Fund’s use of derivative instruments involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other traditional investments. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks including liquidity risk, market risk, credit risk, default risk, counterparty risk and management risk. They also involve the risk of mispricing or improper valuation and the risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not correlate exactly with the change in the value of the underlying asset, rate or index. Also, suitable derivative transactions may not be available in all circumstances and there can be no assurance that the Fund will engage in these transactions to reduce exposure to other risks when that would be beneficial.

 

Participation in the options or futures markets, as well as the use of various swap instruments and forward contracts, involves investment risks and transaction costs to which the Fund would not be subject absent the use of these strategies. Risks inherent in the use of options, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, forwards and swaps include: (i) imperfect correlation between the price of options and futures contracts and options thereon and movements in the prices of the securities being hedged; (ii) the fact that skills needed to use these strategies are different from those needed to select non-derivative portfolio securities; (iii) the potential absence of a liquid secondary market for any particular instrument at any time; (iv) the possible need to defer closing out certain positions to avoid adverse tax consequences; (v) for swaps, additional credit risk and the risk of counterparty default and the risk of failing to correctly evaluate the creditworthiness of the company on which the swap is based; and (vi) the possible inability of the Fund to purchase or sell a portfolio security at a time that otherwise would be favorable for it to do so, or the possible need for the Fund to sell the security at a disadvantageous time, due to the requirement that the Fund maintain “cover” or collateral securities in connection with the use of certain derivatives.

 

The Fund could lose the entire amount it invests in futures. The loss from investing in other derivatives is potentially unlimited. There also is no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for futures contracts and options in which the Fund may invest. The Fund limits its investment in futures contracts so that the notional value (meaning the stated contract value) of the futures contracts does not exceed the net assets of the Fund.

 

Furthermore, regulatory requirements for the Fund to set aside assets to meet their obligations with respect to derivatives may result in the Fund being unable to purchase or sell securities when it would otherwise be favorable to do so, or in the Fund needing to sell securities at a disadvantageous time. The Fund may also be unable to close out its derivatives positions when desired. Investments in derivatives can cause the Fund to be more volatile and can result in significant losses.

 

Because the markets for certain derivative instruments (including markets located in foreign countries) are relatively new and still developing, suitable derivatives transactions may not be available in all circumstances. Upon the expiration of a particular contract, the Adviser may wish to retain the Fund’s position in the derivative instrument by entering into a similar contract, but may be unable to do so if the counterparty to the original contract is unwilling to enter into the new contract and no other suitable counterparty can be found. There is no assurance that the Fund will engage in derivatives transactions at any time or from time to time. The Fund’s ability to use derivatives may also be limited by certain regulatory and tax considerations.

- 10

 

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) and related regulatory developments require the clearing and exchange-trading of certain standardized over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivative instruments that the CFTC and SEC defined as “swaps” and “security-based swaps,” respectively. Mandatory exchange-trading and clearing is occurring on a phased-in basis based on the type of market participant and CFTC approval of contracts for central clearing and exchange trading. In a cleared swap, the Fund’s ultimate counterparty is a central clearinghouse rather than a swap dealer, bank or other financial institution. The Fund enters into cleared swaps through an executing broker. Such transactions are then submitted for clearing and, if cleared, will be held at regulated futures commission merchants (“FCMs”) that are members of the clearinghouse that serves as the central counterparty. When the Fund enters into a cleared swap, it must deliver to the central counterparty (via an FCM) an amount referred to as “initial margin.” Initial margin requirements are determined by the central counterparty, but an FCM may require additional initial margin above the amount required by the central counterparty. During the term of the swap agreement, a “variation margin” amount may also be required to be paid by the Fund or may be received by the Fund in accordance with margin controls set for such accounts, depending upon changes in the price of the underlying reference asset subject to the swap agreement. At the conclusion of the term of the swap agreement, if the Fund has a loss equal to or greater than the margin amount, the margin amount is paid to the FCM along with any loss in excess of the margin amount. If the Fund has a loss of less than the margin amount, the excess margin is returned to the Fund. If the Fund has a gain, the full margin amount and the amount of the gain is paid to the Fund.

 

Central clearing is designed to reduce counterparty credit risk compared to uncleared swaps because central clearing interposes the central clearinghouse as the counterparty to each participant’s swap, but it does not eliminate those risks completely. There is also a risk of loss by the Fund of the initial and variation margin deposits in the event of bankruptcy of the FCM with which the Fund has an open position in a swap contract. The assets of the Fund may not be fully protected in the event of the bankruptcy of the FCM or central counterparty because the Fund might be limited to recovering only a pro rata share of all available funds and margin segregated on behalf of an FCM’s customers or central counterparty’s clearing members. If the FCM does not provide accurate reporting, the Fund is also subject to the risk that the FCM could use the Fund’s assets, which are held in an omnibus account with assets belonging to the FCM’s other customers, to satisfy its own financial obligations or the payment obligations of another customer to the central counterparty. Certain swaps have begun trading on exchanges called swap execution facilities. Exchange-trading is expected to increase liquidity of swaps trading.

 

In addition, with respect to cleared swaps, the Fund may not be able to obtain as favorable terms as it would be able to negotiate for an uncleared swap. In addition, an FCM may unilaterally impose position limits or additional margin requirements for certain types of swaps in which the Fund may invest. Central counterparties and FCMs generally can require termination of existing cleared swap transactions at any time, and can also require increases in margin above the margin that is required at the initiation of the swap agreement. Margin requirements for cleared swaps vary on a number of factors, and the margin required under the rules of the clearinghouse and FCM may be in excess of the collateral required to be posted by the Fund to support its obligations under a similar uncleared swap. However, regulators are expected to adopt rules imposing certain margin requirements, including minimums, on uncleared swaps in the near future, which could change this comparison.

- 11

 

The Fund is also subject to the risk that, after entering into a cleared swap with an executing broker, no FCM or central counterparty is willing or able to clear the transaction. In such an event, the central counterparty would void the trade. Before the Fund can enter into a new trade, market conditions may become less favorable to the Fund.

 

In October 2020, the SEC adopted a final rule related to the use of derivatives, short sales, reverse repurchase agreements and certain other transactions by registered investment companies. In connection with the final rule, the SEC and its staff will rescind and withdraw applicable guidance and relief regarding asset segregation and coverage transactions reflected in a fund’s asset segregation and cover practices discussed herein. Subject to certain exceptions, the final rule requires a fund to trade derivatives and other transactions that create future payment or delivery obligations subject to a value-at-risk (“VaR”) leverage limit and certain derivatives risk management program and reporting requirements. Generally, these requirements apply unless a fund satisfies a “limited derivatives users” exception that is included in the final rule. Under the final rule, when a fund trades reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions, including certain tender option bonds, it needs to aggregate the amount of indebtedness associated with the reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions with the aggregate amount of any other senior securities representing indebtedness (e.g., bank borrowings, if applicable) when calculating a fund’s asset coverage ratio or treat all such transactions as derivatives transactions. Reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions aggregated with other indebtedness do not need to be included in the calculation of whether a fund satisfies the limited derivatives users exception, but for funds subject to the VaR testing requirement, reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions must be included for purposes of such testing whether treated as derivatives transactions or not. The SEC also provided guidance in connection with the final rule regarding the use of securities lending collateral that may limit securities lending activities. Compliance with these new requirements will be required after an eighteen-month transition period as of August 2022. Following the compliance date, these requirements may limit the ability of a fund to use derivatives, short sales, and reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions as part of its investment strategies. These requirements may increase the cost of a fund’s investments and cost of doing business, which could adversely affect investors. The Adviser cannot predict the effects of these regulations on the funds. The Adviser intend to monitor developments and seek to manage each fund in a manner consistent with achieving the fund’s investment objective.

 

Risks of Futures and Options Transactions. Positions in futures contracts and options may be closed out only on an exchange which provides a secondary market for such contract or option. However, there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular futures contract or option at any specific time. Thus, it may not be possible to close a futures or options position. In the event of adverse price movements, the Fund would continue to be required to make daily cash payments to maintain its required margin. In such situations, if the Fund has insufficient cash, it may have to sell portfolio securities to meet daily margin requirements at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. In addition, the Fund may be required to make delivery of the instruments underlying futures contracts it has sold.

- 12

 

The Fund will minimize the risk that it will be unable to close out a futures or options contract by only entering into futures and options for which there appears to be a liquid secondary market.

 

The risk of loss in trading futures contracts or uncovered call options in some strategies (e.g., selling uncovered index futures contracts) is potentially unlimited. The Fund does not plan to use futures and options contracts, when available, in this manner. The risk of a futures position may still be large, as traditionally measured, due to the low margin deposits required. In many cases, a relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in immediate and substantial loss or gain to the investor relative to the size of a required margin deposit. The Fund, however, intends to utilize futures and options contracts in a manner designed to limit their risk exposure to that which is comparable to what they would have incurred through direct investment in securities. There is the risk of loss by the Fund of margin deposits in the event of bankruptcy of a broker with whom the Fund has an open position in the futures contract or option.

 

Certain financial futures exchanges limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day’s settlement price at the end of a trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular type of contract, no trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movement during a particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses, because the limit may prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. Futures contract prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and subjecting some futures traders to substantial losses.

 

Risks of Swap Agreements. Bi-lateral swap agreements are subject to the risk that the swap counterparty will default on its obligations. If such a default occurs, the Fund will have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction, but such remedies may be subject to bankruptcy and insolvency laws which could affect the Fund’s rights as a creditor. Some interest rate and credit default swaps are currently subject to central clearing and exchange trading. Although exchange-trading and clearing decreases the counterparty risk involved in bi-laterally negotiated contracts and increase market liquidity, exchange-trading and clearing will not make the contracts risk-free.

 

The use of interest-rate and index swaps is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio security transactions. The use of a swap requires an understanding not only of the referenced asset, reference rate, or index but also of the swap itself, without the benefit of observing the performance of the swap under all possible market conditions. These transactions generally do not involve the delivery of securities or other underlying assets or principal.

- 13

 

It is possible that developments in the swaps market, including government regulation, could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to terminate existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements.

 

Where swap agreements are two party contracts that may be subject to contractual restrictions on transferability and termination and because they may have terms of greater than seven days, they may be considered to be illiquid and subject to the Fund’s limitation on investments in illiquid securities. To the extent that a swap is not liquid, it may not be possible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position at an advantageous time or price, which may result in significant losses. Like most other investments, swap agreements are subject to the risk that the market value of the instrument will change in a way detrimental to the Fund’s interest.

 

Bi-lateral swap agreements may be subject to contractual restrictions on transferability and termination and may have terms of greater than seven days, and thus, may be considered to be illiquid and subject to the Fund’s limitation on investments in illiquid securities. To the extent that a swap is not liquid, it may not be possible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position at an advantageous time or price, which may result in significant losses. Like most other investments, swap agreements are subject to the risk that the market value of the instrument will change in a way detrimental to the Fund’s interest.

 

Future Developments. The Board may, in the future, authorize the Fund to invest in securities and investments other than those listed in this SAI and in the Fund’s Prospectus, provided they are consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and do not violate any fundamental investment restrictions or policies, and do not present material risks other than those listed in this SAI and/or the Fund’s Prospectus, as those may be amended or supplemented from time to time.

 

SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS AND RISKS

 

A discussion of the risks associated with an investment in the Fund is contained in the Prospectus. The discussion below supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, the Prospectus.

 

GENERAL

 

Investment in the Fund should be made with an understanding that the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities may fluctuate in accordance with changes in the financial condition of the issuers of the portfolio securities, the value of securities generally and other factors.

 

An investment in the Fund should also be made with an understanding of the risks inherent in an investment in securities, including the risk that the financial condition of issuers may become impaired or that the general condition of the securities markets may deteriorate (either of which may cause a decrease in the value of the portfolio securities and thus in the value of Shares). Securities are susceptible to general market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as market confidence in and perceptions of their issuers change. These investor perceptions are based on various and unpredictable factors including expectations regarding government, economic, monetary and fiscal policies, inflation and interest rates, economic expansion or contraction, and global or regional political, economic and banking crises.

- 14

 

Holders of common stocks incur more risk than holders of preferred stocks and debt obligations because common stockholders, as owners of the issuer, have generally inferior rights to receive payments from the issuer in comparison with the rights of creditors of, or holders of debt obligations or preferred stocks issued by, the issuer. Further, unlike debt securities which typically have a stated principal amount payable at maturity (whose value, however, will be subject to market fluctuations prior thereto), or preferred stocks which typically have a liquidation preference and which may have stated optional or mandatory redemption provisions, common stocks have neither a fixed principal amount nor a maturity. Common stock values are subject to market fluctuations as long as the common stock remains outstanding.

 

The existence of a liquid trading market for certain securities may depend on whether dealers will make a market in such securities. There can be no assurance that a market will be made or maintained or that any such market will be or remain liquid. The price at which securities may be sold and the value of the Fund Shares will be adversely affected if trading markets for the Fund’s portfolio securities are limited or absent or if bid/ask spreads are wide.

 

COMMON STOCK RISK

 

Common stock held by the Fund may fall in value due to general market and economic conditions (market risk) and in response to the fortunes of individual companies (company risk). Therefore, the value of an investment in the Fund holding common stock may decrease. The market as a whole can decline for many reasons, including adverse political, social or economic developments here or abroad, changes in investor psychology, or heavy institutional selling. Also, certain unanticipated events, such as natural disasters, infectious disease epidemics, terrorist attacks, war, country instability and other geopolitical events, can have a dramatic adverse effect on stock markets. Changes in the financial condition of a company or other issuer, changes in specific market, economic, political, and regulatory conditions that affect a particular type of investment or issuer, and changes in general market, economic, political, and regulatory conditions can adversely affect the price of equity securities. These developments and changes can affect a single issuer, issuers within a broad market sector, industry or geographic region, or the market in general.

 

TAX RISKS

 

As with any investment, you should consider how your investment in Shares of the Fund will be taxed. The tax information in the Prospectus and this Statement is provided as general information. You should consult your own tax professional about the tax consequences of an investment in Shares of the Fund.

 

CONTINUOUS OFFERING

 

The method by which Creation Units of Shares are created and traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units of Shares are issued and sold by the Trust on an ongoing basis, at any point a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act, may occur. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the Securities Act. For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if it takes Creation Units after placing an order with the Distributor, breaks them down into constituent Shares, and sells such Shares directly to customers, or if it chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new Shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for Shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to a categorization as an underwriter.

- 15

 

Broker-dealer firms should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are effecting transactions in Shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of Shares, are generally required to deliver a prospectus. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3) of the Securities Act is not available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the 1940 Act. Firms that incur a prospectus-delivery obligation with respect to Shares of the Fund are reminded that under Securities Act Rule 153, a prospectus-delivery obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the Securities Act owed to an Exchange member in connection with a sale on the Exchange is satisfied by the fact that the Fund’s prospectus is available at the applicable listing Exchange upon request. The prospectus delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available with respect to transactions on an Exchange.

 

TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS

 

The business and affairs of the Funds are managed under the direction of the Trust’s Board of Trustees.  The Board approves all significant agreements between/among the Funds and the persons or companies that furnish services to the Funds, including agreements with each Fund’s distributor, Adviser, administrator, custodian and transfer agent.  The day-to-day operations of the Funds are delegated to the Adviser and the Funds’ administrator.

 

The name, address, year of birth, and principal occupations for the past five years of the Trustees and officers of the Trust are listed below, along with the number of portfolios in the Fund Complex overseen by and the other directorships held by the Trustee.

 

Independent Trustees

 

Name, Birth

Year & Address*

Position(s)

Held with

Fund

Term of Office

and Length of

Time Served**

Principal Occupation(s)

During Past 5 Years***

Number of

Funds in

Fund

Complex

Overseen by

Trustee****

Other

Directorships

Held by Trustee

During Past 5

Years***

Ward D. Armstrong,

Birth year:

1954

 

Trustee and Chairman Mr. Armstrong was appointed to the Board on May 27, 2016. Mr. Armstrong was appointed Chairman of the Board at the August 24, 2017 meeting of the Board of Trustees. Mr. Armstrong is currently retired.  From February 2010 to July 2015, he was Co-Founder and Managing Partner of NorthRock Partners, a private wealth advisory firm providing comprehensive wealth management and family office services to the high net-worth marketplace.  Previously, he was Senior Vice President, Ameriprise Financial (1984 to 2007); Chairman of Ameriprise Trust Company (1996 to 2007) and President, American Express Institutional Asset Management (2002 to 2004).  He has also served on several investment related Boards including Kenwood Capital Management, RiverSource Investments, American Express Asset Management International and was Chair of the Ordway Theatre Endowment Committee. 11 Mr. Armstrong is a Director of the Heartland Group, Inc. (3 funds).

- 16

 

J. Wayne Hutchens,

Birth year:

1944

 

Trustee Mr. Hutchens was elected to the Board on October 30, 2012. Mr. Hutchens is currently retired.  From 2000 to January 2020, he served as Trustee of the Denver Museum of Nature and Science and from May 2012 to February 2020, he served as Trustee of Children’s Hospital Colorado.  From April 2006 to December 2012, he served as President and CEO of the University of Colorado (CU) Foundation and from April 2009 to December 2012, he was Executive Director of the CU Real Estate Foundation.  Mr. Hutchens is also Director of AMG National Trust Bank (June 2012 to present). Prior to these positions, Mr. Hutchens spent 29 years in the banking industry, retiring as Chairman of Chase Bank Colorado. 11 Mr. Hutchens is a Director of RiverNorth Opportunities Fund, Inc. (2013 to present), RiverNorth Opportunistic Municipal Income Fund, Inc. (2018 to present), RiverNorth/Doubleline Strategic Opportunity Fund, Inc. (2018 to present), RiverNorth Specialty Finance Corporation (2018 to present), RiverNorth Managed Duration Municipal Income Fund, Inc. (2019 to present), RiverNorth Flexible Municipal Income Fund, Inc. (2020 to present).  He is an Advisory Board member of RiverNorth Funds (3 funds) (2020 to present).

Merrillyn J. Kosier,

Birth year:

1959

 

Trustee Ms. Kosier was elected to the Board on November 17, 2021. Ms. Kosier retired from Ariel Investments as Executive Vice President in 2019. During her tenure at Ariel Investments, she served as Chief Marketing Officer, Ariel Mutual Funds since 2007; Trustee for Ariel Investment Trust since 2003 and President of Ariel Distributors, LLC since 2002. From 2006 to present, she has served as Trustee at the Harris Theater For Music and Dance (not-for-profit organization) and is currently Executive Vice Chair. 11 Ms. Kosier is Board Director at the Arts Club of Chicago (2021 to present).

- 17

 

Patrick Seese,

Birth year:

1971

 

Trustee Mr. Seese was elected to the Board on October 30, 2012. Mr. Seese is an owner and a Managing Director of Integris Partners, a middle-market investment banking firm serving closely-held companies, financial sponsors and public companies (February 2008 to present). Prior to this, Mr. Seese was a Managing Director of Headwaters MB, a middle-market investing banking firm (December 2003 to February 2008). Prior to that, Mr. Seese worked in Credit Suisse First Boston’s Mergers and Acquisitions Group and served as Head of Corporation Development, Katy Industries, a publicly traded industrial and consumer products company and at Deloitte & Touche LLP, where he began his career in 1994. 11 Mr. Seese is a Director of The Mile High Five Foundation (2013 to present) and SJ Panthers Foundation (2016 to present).

 

Interested Trustee

 

Name, Birth

Year & Address*

Position(s)

Held with

Fund

Term of Office

and Length of

Time Served**

Principal Occupation(s)

During Past 5 Years***

Number of

Funds in

Fund

Complex

Overseen

by Trustee

**** 

Other

Directorships

Held by Trustee

During Past 5

Years*** 

Bradley Swenson

Birth year:

1972 

Trustee   Mr. Swenson was elected to the Board on April 12, 2021. Mr. Swenson joined ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (“ALPS”) in 2004 and had served as its President since June 2019 until June 2021. In this role, he served as an officer to certain other closed-end and open-end investment companies. He previously served as the Chief Operating Officer of ALPS (2015-2019). Mr. Swenson also previously served as Chief Compliance Officer to ALPS, its affiliated entities, and to certain ETF, closed-end and open-end investment companies (2004-2015). 11 None.

- 18

 

Officers

 

Name, Birth

Year & Address*

Position(s) Held

with Fund

Term of Office and

Length of Time Served**

Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years***
Dawn Cotten,
Birth year: 1977
President Since June 2021 Ms. Cotten joined ALPS in 2009 and is currently Senior Vice President of Fund Administration and Relationship Management of ALPS.  She has served in that role since January 2020.  Prior to that, Ms. Cotten served as Senior Vice President (2017-2020) and Vice President of ALPS Relationship Management (2013-2017).
Jill McFate
Birth year: 1978
Treasurer Since December 2021 Ms. McFate joined ALPS in 2021 and is currently Senior Director, Fund Administration of ALPS. Prior to joining SS&C ALPS, Jill managed financial reporting and N-PORT regulatory reporting services during her 14 years at The Northern Trust Company as Vice President, Financial Reporting Manager.  
Lucas Foss,
Birth Year: 1977
Chief Compliance Officer Since January 2018 Mr. Foss rejoined ALPS in November 2017 as Vice President and Deputy Chief Compliance Officer. Prior to his current role, Mr. Foss served as the Director of Compliance at Transamerica Asset Management (2015- 2017) and Deputy Chief Compliance Officer at ALPS (2012- 2015). Mr. Foss is also CCO of X-Square Balanced Fund, Goehring & Rozencwajg Investment Funds, Broadstone Real Estate Access Fund, Inc., Clough Global Funds; Clough Funds Trust; SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust,  SPDR® Dow Jones® Industrial Average ETF Trust, SPDR® S&P MIDCAP 400® ETF Trust and 1WS Credit Income Fund.
Patrick Rogers,
Birth year: 1966
Secretary Since November 2021 Mr. Rogers has served as Senior Legal Counsel of ALPS since September 2021 and previously served as Compliance Counsel for Mercer Advisors from 2018 to 2021 and Contract Attorney for CACI, Inc. from 2014 to 2018.
Anne M. Berg,
Birth year: 1973
Assistant Secretary Since August 2018 Ms. Berg joined ALPS as Senior Investment Company Act Paralegal in February 2017. Prior to joining ALPS, she was a Senior Legal Manager at Janus Capital Management LLC (2000-2017).

 

* All communications to Trustees and Officers may be directed to ALPS Series Trust c/o 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, CO  80203.

 

** This is the period for which the Trustee or Officer began serving the Trust. Each Trustee serves an indefinite term, until such Trustee’s successor is elected and appointed, or such Trustee resigns or is deceased. Each Officer is appointed on an annual basis, and serves until such Officer’s successor is appointed, or such Officer resigns or is deceased.

 

*** Except as otherwise indicated, each individual has held the office shown or other offices in the same company for the last five years.

 

**** The Fund Complex currently consists of 11 series of the Trust.

- 19

 

Ward D. Armstrong- Through his experience as a senior officer of and board member of financial and other organizations, Mr. Armstrong contributes his management and oversight experience to the Board. The Board also benefits from his experience as a member of the board of other funds and operating companies. He was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on his business, financial services and investment management experience. Additional information regarding Mr. Armstrong’s principal occupations and other directorships held is presented in the chart above. Mr. Armstrong received a B.S. in Business Administration (Finance Emphasis) from the University of Minnesota, Carlson School of Management.

 

J. Wayne Hutchens- Through his experience as a senior officer of and board member of financial and other organizations, Mr. Hutchens contributes his management and oversight experience to the Board. The Board also benefits from his experience as a member of the board of other funds. He was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on his business and financial services experience. Additional information regarding Mr. Hutchens’ principal occupations and other directorships held is presented in the chart above. Mr. Hutchens is a graduate of the University of Colorado at Boulder’s School of Business and has done graduate study at Syracuse University and the University of Colorado. 

 

Merrillyn J. Kosier- Through her experience as a senior officer of and board member of financial and other organizations, Ms. Kosier contributes her management and oversight experience to the Board. The Board also benefits from her experience as a member of the board of other organizations. She was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on her business acumen, branding and distribution experience in the asset management industry. Additional information regarding Ms. Kosier’s principal occupations and other directorships held is presented in the chart above. Ms. Kosier is a graduate of Andrews University and earned an MBA from Loyola University Chicago.

 

Patrick Seese- Through his experience as a senior officer of and board member of financial and other organizations, Mr. Seese contributes his management and oversight experience to the Board. The Board also benefits from his experience as a member of the board of other organizations. He was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on his business, financial services and accounting experience. Additional information regarding Mr. Seese’s principal occupations and other directorships held is presented in the chart above. Mr. Seese is a graduate of the University of Colorado and earned an MBA from The University of Chicago Booth School of Business.  He is one of the founders of The Mile High Five Foundation (MH5), a charity dedicated to fund youth/health-related organizations. 

 

Bradley Swenson - Mr. Swenson has served as President of the Trust since May 2019. He joined ALPS in 2004 and has served as its President since June 2019. In this role, he serves as an officer to certain other closed-end and open-end investment companies. He previously served as the Chief Operating Officer of ALPS (2015-2019). Mr. Swenson also previously served as Chief Compliance Officer to ALPS, its affiliated entities, and to certain ETF, closed-end and open-end investment companies (2004-2015).

 

None of the Independent Trustees own securities in Andurand Capital Management Ltd., the Funds’ investment adviser, or ALPS Distributors, Inc., the Funds’ principal underwriter, nor do they own securities in any entity directly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with these entities.

- 20

 

Leadership Structure and Oversight Responsibilities

 

Overall responsibility for oversight of the Funds rests with the Trustees.  The Trust has engaged the Adviser to manage the Funds on a day-to day basis.  The Board is responsible for overseeing the Adviser and other service providers in the operations of the Funds in accordance with the provisions of the 1940 Act, applicable provisions of state and other laws and the Trust’s Declaration of Trust.  The Board is currently composed of four members, three of whom are Independent Trustees.  The Board meets at regularly scheduled quarterly meetings each year.  In addition, the Board may hold special in-person or telephonic meetings or informal conference calls to discuss specific matters that may arise or require action between regular meetings.  As described below, the Board has established a Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and an Audit Committee, and may establish ad hoc committees or working groups from time to time, to assist the Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities.  The Independent Trustees have also engaged independent legal counsel to assist them in performing their oversight responsibilities.

 

The Board has appointed Ward D. Armstrong, an Independent Trustee, to serve in the role of Chairman.  The Chairman’s role is to preside at all meetings of the Board and to act as a liaison with the Adviser, other service providers, counsel and other Trustees generally between meetings.  The Chairman may also perform such other functions as may be delegated by the Board from time to time. The Board reviews matters related to its leadership structure annually.  The Board has determined that the Board’s leadership structure is appropriate given the Trust’s characteristics and circumstances.  These include the Trust’s series of fund shares, each fund’s single portfolio of assets, each fund’s net assets and the services provided by the fund’s service providers.

 

Risk oversight forms part of the Board’s general oversight of the Funds and is addressed as part of various Board and Committee activities.  As part of its regular oversight of the Funds, the Board, directly or through a Committee, interacts with and reviews reports from, among others, Fund management, the Adviser, the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer, the Trust’s legal counsel and the independent registered public accounting firm for the Funds regarding risks faced by the Funds.  The Board, with the assistance of Fund management and the Adviser, reviews investment policies and risks in connection with its review of the Funds’ performance.  The Board has appointed a Chief Compliance Officer to oversee the implementation and testing of the Funds’ compliance program and reports to the Board regarding compliance matters for the Funds and their principal service providers.  In addition, as part of the Board’s periodic review of the Funds’ advisory and other service provider agreements, the Board may consider risk management aspects of these service providers’ operations and the functions for which they are responsible.

 

Audit Committee.  The Board has an Audit Committee which considers such matters pertaining to the Trust’s books of account, financial records, internal accounting controls and changes in accounting principles or practices as the Trustees may from time to time determine.  The Audit Committee also considers the engagement and compensation of the independent registered public accounting firm (“Firm”) and ensures receipt from the Firm of a formal written statement delineating relationships between the Firm and the Trust, consistent with Public Company Accounting Oversight Board Rule 3526.  The Audit Committee also meets privately with the representatives of the Firm to review the scope and results of audits and other duties as set forth in the Audit Committee’s Charter.  The Audit Committee members, each of whom are Independent Trustees, are:  Ward D. Armstrong, J. Wayne Hutchens, Merrillyn J. Kosier, and Patrick Seese.  The Audit Committee met four times during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2021.

- 21

 

Nominating and Corporate Governance CommitteeThe Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee meets periodically to advise and assist the Board in selecting nominees to serve as trustees of the Trust.  The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee believes the Board generally benefits from diversity of background, experience and views among its members and considers this a factor in evaluating the composition of the Board, but has not adopted any specific policy in this regard.  The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee also advises and assists the Board in establishing, implementing and executing policies, procedures and practices that assure orderly and effective governance of the Trust and effective and efficient management of all business and financial affairs of the Trust.  Members of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee are currently:  Ward D. Armstrong, J. Wayne Hutchens, Merrillyn J. Kosier, and Patrick Seese.  The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of the Board met four times during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2021.

 

Independent Trustee Retirement Policy

 

The Trustees do not serve a specified term of office. Each Trustee will hold office until the termination of the Trust or his or her earlier death, resignation, retirement, incapacity, or removal. Under the Funds’ Independent Trustee Retirement Policy (“Retirement Policy”), upon reaching the age of 75, an Independent Trustee is deemed to tender an offer of retirement, which retirement, if accepted, shall become effective upon the September 30th immediately following the tender of a retirement. The Board may decline the offer upon the vote of a majority of the continuing Trustees. If the Board declines an Independent Trustee’s offer, then the term of office of such Independent Trustee continues in accordance with the term under which such Independent Trustee was elected or appointed, provided that such Independent Trustee shall be deemed to tender another offer of retirement upon each subsequent birthday. The Trustees review the Funds’ Retirement Policy from time to time and may make changes as deemed appropriate.

 

Shareholder Nominations.  The Board will consider shareholder nominees for Trustees.  All nominees must possess the appropriate characteristics, skills and experience for serving on the Board.  In particular, the Board and its Independent Trustees will consider each nominee’s integrity, educational and professional background, understanding of the Trust’s business on a technical level and commitment to devote the time and attention necessary to fulfill a Trustee’s duties.  All shareholders who wish to recommend nominees for consideration as Trustees shall submit the names and qualifications of the candidates to the Secretary of the Trust by writing to: ALPS Series Trust, c/o Secretary, 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado, 80203.

 

As of [________], the dollar range of equity securities in the Funds beneficially owned by the Interested Trustee were as follows:

- 22

 

Interested Trustee

Dollar Range of

Equity Securities in

the Fund

Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity

Securities in All Registered

Investment Companies Overseen by

Trustee in Family of Investment

Companies

Bradley Swenson [__] [__]

 

As of [________], the dollar range of equity securities in the Fund beneficially owned by Independent Trustees were as follows:

 

Independent Trustees

Dollar Range of

Equity Securities in

the Fund

Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity

Securities in All Registered

Investment Companies Overseen by

Trustee in Family of Investment

Companies*

Ward Armstrong [__] [__]
J. Wayne Hutchens [__] [__]
Merrillyn J. Kosier [__] [__]
Patrick Seese [__] [__]

 

* The Fund Complex currently consists of [__] series of the Trust.

 

Remuneration of Trustees.  The Independent Trustees of the Trust receive a quarterly retainer of $13,500, plus $4,000 for each regular Board or Committee meeting attended and $2,000 for each special telephonic or in-person Board or Committee meeting attended. Additionally, the Audit Committee Chair receives a quarterly retainer of $1,250 and the Independent Chair receives a quarterly retainer of $3,250. The Independent Trustees are also reimbursed for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses relating to attendance at meetings. 

 

For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2021, the Independent Trustees received the following compensation:

 

Independent Trustees

Aggregate

Compensation

From the Trust

Pension Or

Retirement Benefits

Accrued As Part of

Fund Expenses

Estimated

Annual

Benefits Upon

Retirement

Aggregate

Compensation From

The Trust And
Fund

Complex Paid
To Trustees*

Ward D. Armstrong $[__] $[__] $[__] $[__]
J. Wayne Hutchens $[__] $[__] $[__] $[__]
Merrillyn J. Kosier ** $0 $0 $0 $0
Patrick Seese $[__] $[__] $[__] $[__]
Bradley Swenson *** $0 $0 $0 $0

 

* The Fund Complex currently consists of 11 series of the Trust.
** Ms. Kosier joined the Board in November 2021.

- 23

 

*** Mr. Swenson is an interested person of the Trust (as defined in the 1940 Act) because of the position he held with ALPS and its affiliates through June 2021.

 

No officer, trustee or employee of the Adviser or any of its affiliates receives any compensation from the Funds for serving as an officer or trustee of the Funds.

 

 INVESTMENT MANAGER

 

Andurand Capital Management Ltd. (the “Adviser”), is located at The Hedge Business Centre, Level 5, Ir-Rampa ta’ San Giljan, Balluta Bay, St. Julian’s, Malta STJ 1062. Subject to the authority of the Trust’s Board of Trustees, the Adviser is responsible for the overall management and administration of the Fund’s business affairs. As of [________ __, ___], the Adviser managed approximately $[___] million in assets.

 

Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor provides investment advisory services and pays most of the fund’s operating expenses (with certain exceptions) in return for a “unitary fee” (exclusive of brokerage and other expenses of executing fund transactions; taxes or governmental fees; costs of borrowing (such as interest charges and dividend expenses on securities sold short); litigation and indemnification expenses and other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the fund’s business).

 

Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Fund pays the Adviser an annual management fee of [_.__]% of the Fund’s average daily net assets less any amounts payable for advisory services, over the same corresponding period, to the Adviser by the Subsidiary. From time to time, the Adviser may waive all or a portion of its fee. The management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The initial term of the Advisory Agreement is two years. The Board may extend the Advisory Agreement for additional one-year terms. The Board and shareholders of the Fund may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon sixty (60) days’ notice. The Adviser may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon one hundred and twenty (120) days’ notice.

 

The Subsidiary has entered into a separate advisory agreement with the Adviser (the “Subsidiary Advisory Agreement”) for the management of the Subsidiary’s portfolio pursuant to which the Subsidiary is obligated to pay the Adviser a management fee at the same rate that the Fund pays its Adviser for services provided to the Fund, and based on the Subsidiary’s average daily net assets. From time to time, the Adviser may waive all or a portion of its fee. The management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The initial term of the Advisory Agreement is two years. The Board may extend the Advisory Agreement for additional one-year terms. The Board and shareholders of the Fund may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon sixty (60) days’ notice. The Adviser may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon one hundred and twenty (120) days’ notice.

 

A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees’ approval of the Advisory Agreement will be available in the Fund’s semi-annual report to shareholders for the period ending March 31, 2022. 

 

The Fund’s advisory fee information will be available after the Fund has completed its first fiscal year.

- 24

 

DISTRIBUTOR

 

Shares of the Fund are offered on a continuous basis through ALPS Distributors, Inc. (an affiliate of ALPS Fund Services, Inc.), located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203, pursuant to a distribution agreement between the Distributor and the Trust on behalf of the Fund. The Distributor is not obligated to sell any specific amount of Fund shares.

 

CODE OF ETHICS

 

The Trust, the Adviser and the Distributor each have adopted a code of ethics consistent with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act. Subject to certain restrictions, these codes of ethics permit the personnel of these entities to invest in securities, including securities that the Fund may purchase or hold. The codes of ethics are on public file with, and are available from, the SEC.

 

ADMINISTRATOR

 

The Trust on behalf of the Fund currently employs ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (an affiliate of the Distributor) (“ALPS” or the “Administrator”), located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203, under an administration agreement to provide certain administrative services to the Fund. The administrative fees paid by the Fund will be available after the Fund completes its first fiscal year.

 

PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

 

The Board has approved delegating proxy voting discretion to the Adviser believing that the Adviser should be responsible for voting because it is a matter relating to the investment decision making process.

 

Attached as Appendix A are the Trust’s Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures and a Summary of the Adviser’s Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures that the Adviser uses to determine how to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities.

 

When applicable, information on how a Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent prior 12-month period ended June 30 will be available without charge, (i) upon request, by calling [__________] and (ii) on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

 

PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS

 

A shareholder who owns beneficially 25% or more of the outstanding securities of a Fund is presumed to “control” that Fund as defined in the 1940 Act. Such control may affect the voting rights of other shareholders. As of the date of this SAI, no entity owns of record 5% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund.

 

As of [__________], none of the Trustees or Officers of the Trust owned any of the outstanding shares of the Fund.

- 25

 

EXPENSES

 

The Fund’s expenses include taxes, interest, fees and salaries of the Trust’s Trustees and officers who are not trustees, officers or employees of the Fund’s service contractors, SEC fees, state securities qualification fees, costs of preparing and printing prospectuses for regulatory purposes and for distribution to existing shareholders, advisory and administration fees, charges of the custodian and of the transfer and dividend disbursing agent, certain insurance premiums, outside auditing and legal expenses, costs of shareholder reports and shareholder meetings and any extraordinary expenses. The Fund also pays for brokerage fees and commissions (if any) in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio securities.

 

Many of these expenses are paid for the by the Adviser under the “unitary fee” arrangement in the Advisory Agreement. See “Investment Manager” above.

 

PORTFOLIO MANAGER

 

The following sections set forth certain additional information with respect to the portfolio manager for the Fund.

 

Other Accounts Managed by the Portfolio Managers; Compensation of the Portfolio Managers.

 

The table below identifies as of [______ __, 202_], the number of accounts (other than the Fund with respect to which information is provided) for which the Fund’s portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities and the total assets in such accounts within each of the following categories: registered investment companies, other pooled investment vehicles, and other accounts.

 

Portfolio Manager Registered Investment
Companies
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles
Other Accounts
Number

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number

Total Assets

(in millions)

Pierre Andurand [__] $[__] [__] $[__] [__] $[__]

 

Conflicts of Interests: The portfolio manager’s management of “other accounts” may give rise to potential conflicts of interest in connection with management of the Fund’s investments, on the one hand, and the investments of the other accounts, on the other. The other accounts consist of separately managed private clients (“Other Accounts”) and comingled funds. The Other Accounts might have similar investment objectives as the Fund, be compared to the same performance benchmark as the Fund, or otherwise hold, purchase, or sell securities that are eligible to be held, purchased, or sold by the Fund.

 

Knowledge of the Timing and Size of Fund Trades: A potential conflict of interest may arise as a result of the portfolio manager’s day-to-day management of the Fund. The portfolio manager knows the size and timing of trades for the Fund and the Other Accounts, and may be able to predict the market impact of Fund trades. It is theoretically possible that the portfolio manager could use this information to the advantage of Other Accounts it manages and to the possible detriment of the Fund, or vice versa.

- 26

 

Investment Opportunities: The Adviser provides investment supervisory services for a number of investment products that have varying investment guidelines. The portfolio manager works across different investment products. Differences in the compensation structures of the Adviser’s investment products may give rise to a conflict of interest by creating an incentive for the Adviser to allocate the investment opportunities it believes might be the most profitable to the client accounts where it might benefit the most from the investment gains.

 

Portfolio Manager Compensation Structure Disclosure: The Adviser is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund as described below. Pierre Andurand, who is also responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund, is paid a base salary, plus a discretionary bonus. The bonus for Pierre Andurand is determined by the business unit’s revenue and profitability as well as the individual’s contribution to the business unit, in line with the Adviser’s Remuneration Policy. The base salary and bonus for Pierre Andurand is discretionary and is not based specifically on portfolio performance.

 

Securities Ownership of the Portfolio Managers: As of the date of this SAI, the portfolio managers did not own any shares of the Fund.

 

Aggregations: Fund Shares in less than Creation Unit Aggregations are not distributed by the Distributor. The Distributor will deliver the Prospectus and, upon request, this SAI to persons purchasing Creation Unit Aggregations and will maintain records of both orders placed with it and confirmations of acceptance furnished by it. The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered under the Exchange Act and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”).

 

The Distribution Agreement for the Fund provides that it may be terminated as to the Fund at any time, without the payment of any penalty, on at least 60 days written notice by the Trust to the Distributor (i) by vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees or (ii) by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund. The Distribution Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).

 

The Distributor may also enter into agreements with securities dealers (“Soliciting Dealers”) who will solicit purchases of Creation Unit Aggregations of Fund Shares. Such Soliciting Dealers may also be Participating Parties (as defined in “Procedures for Creation of Creation Unit Aggregations” below) and DTC Participants of the Depository Trust Company (the “DTC”) (as defined in “DTC Acts as Securities Depository” below). 

 

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

 

This Policy sets forth the conditions under which Portfolio Holdings (defined below) data for the Trust on behalf of a Fund may be disclosed to Third Parties (defined below) (which may include the public) and Service Providers (defined below).  No data about a Fund’s portfolio holdings may be disclosed except in accordance with this Policy.

- 27

 

Portfolio Holdings data includes, but is not limited to, the following information about a Fund:  (i) specific securities held; (ii) industry sector breakdowns as a percentage of portfolio net assets; (iii) asset composition (e.g., equities versus bonds); (iv) U.S. versus foreign holdings percentage breakdowns and regional breakdowns (e.g., Asia, North America); and (v) top 10 portfolio holdings in order of position size, including percentage of portfolio.

 

“Third Parties” or a “Third Party” means a person other than a Service Provider, an employee of a Service Provider, a Trustee of the Board of Trustees of the Trust, or an officer of the Trust.

 

“Service Providers” or a “Service Provider” includes, but is not limited to, the investment adviser, administrator, custodian, transfer agent, fund accountant, principal underwriter, software or technology service providers, pricing and proxy voting service providers, research and trading service providers, auditors, accountants, and legal counsel, or any other entity that has a need to know such information in order to fulfill their contractual obligations to provide services to the Fund.

 

Policy Overview

 

The Board has adopted, on behalf of each Fund, policies and procedures relating to disclosure of the Portfolio Holdings.  These policies and procedures are designed to protect the confidentiality of the Portfolio Holdings’ information and to prevent the selective disclosure of such information.  These policies and procedures may be modified at any time with the approval of the Board.

 

In order to protect each Fund from any trading practices or other use by a Third Party that could harm a Fund, Portfolio Holdings’ and other Fund-specific information must not be selectively released or disclosed except under the circumstances described below.

 

Only officers of the Trust and their authorized agents, including, but not limited to, the Chief Operations Officer and the Chief Compliance Officer of the Adviser, may approve the disclosure of a Fund’s Portfolio Holdings.  Except as set forth under “Policy Exceptions” below, exceptions to this Policy may only be made if an officer of the Trust and its authorized agents, including, but not limited to, the Chief Operations Officer and the Chief Compliance Officer of the Adviser, determines that the disclosure is being made for a legitimate business purpose and such disclosures must be documented and reported to the Board on a quarterly basis.  In all cases, Third Parties and Service Providers are required to execute a non-disclosure agreement requiring the recipient to keep confidential any Portfolio Holdings data received and not to trade on the Confidential Portfolio Information (defined below) received.  Neither the Trust nor its Service Providers (nor any persons affiliated with either) can receive any compensation or other consideration in connection with the sharing of the Fund’s Portfolio Holdings.

 

Disclosure of the Portfolio Holdings’ information that is not publicly available (“Confidential Portfolio Information”) may be made to Service Providers.  In addition, to the extent permitted under applicable law, the investment adviser may distribute (or authorize the custodian or principal underwriter to distribute) Confidential Portfolio Information to a Fund’s relevant Service Providers and to facilitate the review of a Fund by certain mutual fund analysts and ratings agencies (such as Morningstar and Lipper Analytical Services) (“Rating Agencies”); provided that such disclosure is limited to the information that the investment adviser believes is reasonably necessary in connection with the services to be provided.  As noted above, except to the extent permitted under this Policy, Confidential Portfolio Information may not be disseminated for compensation or other consideration.

- 28

 

Before any disclosure of Confidential Portfolio Information to Service Providers or Rating Agencies is permitted, the Chief Operations Officer or the Chief Compliance Officer for the Adviser (or persons designated by such Chief Operations Officer or the Chief Compliance Officer) must determine in writing that, under the circumstances, the disclosure is being made for a legitimate business purpose.  Furthermore, the recipient of Confidential Portfolio Information by a Service Provider or Rating Agency must be either subject to a written confidentiality agreement that prohibits any trading upon the Confidential Portfolio Information or subject to professional or ethical obligations not to disclose or otherwise improperly use the information, such as would apply to independent registered public accounting firms or legal counsel.

 

The identity of such entities is provided below:

 

Name of Recipient

Frequency of

Holdings

Disclosure

Information

Lag

Date of

Information

Date

Provided

to Recipients

Andurand Capital Management Ltd. (Adviser) Daily None Daily Daily
ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (Administrator) Daily None Daily Daily
[__________] (Custodian) Daily None Daily Daily
[__________] (Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm) As needed None As needed As needed
Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP (Trust Counsel) As needed None As needed As needed
Thompson Hine LLP (Independent Counsel) As needed None As needed As needed
Bloomberg L.P. Monthly 30 days Monthly Monthly
Thomson Reuters Lipper Monthly 30 days Monthly Monthly
Morningstar, Inc. Monthly 30 days Monthly Monthly
FactSet Research Systems Inc. Monthly 30 days Monthly Monthly

 

The Adviser shall have primary responsibility for ensuring that the Portfolio Holdings’ information is disclosed only in accordance with this Policy.  As part of this responsibility, each Fund’s investment adviser will maintain such internal policies and procedures as it believes are reasonably necessary for preventing the unauthorized disclosure of Confidential Portfolio Information.

 

Full Portfolio Holdings

 

The disclosure policy currently authorizes the quarterly dissemination of full portfolio holdings of a Fund with a fifteen (15) calendar day lag.  Except as set forth in this Policy, the full holdings of a Fund will also be disclosed on a quarterly basis on forms required to be filed with the SEC as follows: (i) Portfolio Holdings as of the end of each fiscal year will be filed as part of the annual report filed on Form N-CSR; (ii) Portfolio Holdings as of the end of the first and third fiscal quarters will be filed in Form N-PORT; and (iii) Portfolio Holdings as of the end of the second fiscal quarter will be filed as part of the semi-annual report filed on Form N-CSR.  The Trust’s Form N-CSRs and Form N-PORTs are available free of charge on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Portfolio holdings information may be separately provided to any person, including rating and ranking organizations such as Morningstar and Lipper, at the same time that it is filed with the SEC.

- 29

 

Partial Portfolio Holdings

 

Except as set forth in this Policy, partial Portfolio Holdings information will only be provided to Third Parties for the most recent month-end period and only after a fifteen (15) calendar day delay from the end of the month being provided.  These holdings may include any combination of the Portfolio Holdings information, except for full Portfolio Holdings.

 

Creation Unit Holdings

 

A basket composition file, which includes the security names and share quantities to deliver in exchange for Fund shares, together with estimates and actual cash components, is publicly disseminated daily prior to the opening of the Fund’s listing Exchange via the National Securities Clearing Corporation (“NSCC”). The basket represents one Creation Unit of the Fund.  

 

Policy Exceptions

 

The following disclosures of Portfolio Holdings are not prohibited by this Policy:

 

  Disclosures that are required by law;
  Disclosures necessary for Service Providers to perform services to the Funds, provided that they are made pursuant to a written agreement between the Service Provider and the receiving party that restricts the third party’s use of the information;
  Disclosure necessary for Rating Agencies to assess applicable fund ratings;
  Disclosures necessary to broker-dealers or banks as a part of the normal buying, selling, shorting or other transactions in portfolio securities;
  Disclosures to the applicable Fund’s or Service Providers’ regulatory authorities, accountants or counsel; and
  Disclosures to the adviser of a Fund of compiled data concerning accounts managed by the adviser.

 

PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

 

Investment Decisions and Portfolio Transactions

 

Investment decisions for the Fund are made with a view to achieving its investment objectives. Investment decisions are the product of many factors in addition to basic suitability for the Fund. Some securities considered for investment by the Fund may also be appropriate for other clients served by the Adviser. Thus, a particular security may be bought or sold for certain clients of the Adviser (including the Fund) even though it could have been bought or sold for other clients at the same time. If a purchase or sale of securities consistent with the investment policies of the Fund and one or more of these clients is considered at or about the same time, transactions in such securities will be allocated among the Fund and clients in a manner deemed fair and reasonable by the Adviser pursuant to its allocation guidelines. Particularly when investing in less liquid or illiquid securities of smaller capitalization companies, such allocation may take into account the asset size of the Fund in determining whether the allocation of an investment is suitable. The Adviser may aggregate orders for the Fund with simultaneous transactions entered into on behalf of its other clients so long as price and transaction expenses are averaged either for the portfolio transaction or for that day. Likewise, a particular security may be bought for one or more clients when one or more clients are selling the security. In some instances, one client may sell a particular security to another client (in all cases, in compliance with applicable law). There may be circumstances when purchases or sales of portfolio securities for one or more clients will have an adverse effect on other clients, including the Fund.

- 30

 

Brokerage and Research Services

 

The Adviser places orders for the purchase and sale of portfolio securities for the Fund through several brokers or dealers. The Adviser conducts a thorough analysis, based on its policies and procedures, to determine the broker or dealer to be used and the commission rates to be paid. The factors involved in the broker or dealer selection include transaction costs, broker research capabilities and service level.

 

The commissions paid by the Fund (which, in the case of fixed income transactions, are reflected in the bid-ask spread) comply with the Adviser’s duty to seek “best execution.” The Fund may pay commissions that are higher than that which they could obtain at another financial institution to effect the same transaction. The Adviser conducts an analysis and makes a determination as to the reasonableness of commissions in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services received. In seeking best execution, the determinative factor is not the lowest possible cost, but whether the transaction represents the best qualitative execution, taking into consideration the full range of services, including without limitation, the value of research provided, execution capability, commission rates, and responsiveness. The Adviser seeks competitive rates but may not obtain the lowest possible commission rates for transactions executed by the Fund. Although the Fund may use a broker-dealer that sells Fund shares to effect transactions for the Fund’s portfolio, the Fund will not consider the sale of Fund shares as a factor when selecting broker-dealers to execute those transactions.

 

Subject to the Adviser’s policy of seeking best execution for transactions, and subject to the criteria of Section 28(e) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), the Adviser may place trades with a broker-dealer that provides brokerage and research services. The Adviser may have an incentive to select or recommend a broker based on its interest in receiving research or other products or services, rather than its interest in receiving the most favorable execution for the Fund. However, in selecting a broker for research, the Adviser makes a good faith determination that the amount of commission charged is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage, research received. The determination may be viewed in terms of a particular transaction or the Adviser’s overall responsibilities with respect to the accounts over which it exercises investment discretion. Research and brokerage services provided by broker-dealers chosen by the Adviser to place the Fund’s portfolio transactions may be useful to the Adviser in providing services to the Adviser’s other clients, although not all of these services may be necessarily useful and of value to the Adviser in managing the Fund. Conversely, brokerage and research products and services provided to the Adviser by broker-dealers in connection with trades executed on behalf of other clients of the Adviser may be useful to the Adviser in managing the Fund, although not all of these brokerage and research products and services may be necessarily useful and of value to the Adviser in managing such other clients. Subject to Section 28(e) of the 1934 Act, the Adviser may pay a broker additional commission in recognition of the value of the brokerage and/or research services provided by that broker. When the Adviser uses Fund brokerage commissions to obtain research or other products or services, the Adviser receives a benefit because it does not have to produce or pay for the research, products or services. The advisory fees paid by the Fund are not reduced because the Adviser receives such services even though the receipt of such services relieves the Adviser from expenses it might otherwise bear. However, because the Adviser pursues an investment strategy on behalf of the Fund that is primarily fixed income, rather than equity, oriented, the amount of “soft” dollars that may be generated by trading in the Fund and accordingly utilized to pay for research or other products or services provided by brokers, dealers or other third parties historically has not been meaningful.

- 31

 

The Adviser may place orders for the purchase and sale of exchange-listed portfolio securities with a broker-dealer that is an affiliate of the Adviser where, in the judgment of the Adviser, such firm will be able to obtain a price and execution at least as favorable as other qualified broker-dealers. Pursuant to rules of the SEC, a broker-dealer that is an affiliate of the Adviser may receive and retain compensation for effecting portfolio transactions for the Fund on a securities exchange if the commissions paid to such an affiliated broker-dealer by the Fund on exchange transactions do not exceed “usual and customary brokerage commissions.” The rules define “usual and customary” commissions to include amounts which are “reasonable and fair compared to the commission, fee or other remuneration received or to be received by other brokers in connection with comparable transactions involving similar securities being purchased or sold on a securities exchange during a comparable period of time.” As required by applicable SEC rules, the Board has adopted procedures which are reasonably designed to provide that any commissions, fees or other remuneration paid to an affiliated broker are consistent with the foregoing standards. As of the date hereof, the Adviser does not have any affiliated broker-dealer.

 

The Fund’s brokerage commission information will be available after the Fund has completed its first fiscal year.

 

DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST

 

The Trust was organized as a Delaware business trust on January 12, 2012 and consists of multiple separate portfolios or series. The Board may establish additional series in the future. The capitalization of the Trust consists solely of an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest with no par value.

 

When certain matters affect one fund but not another, the shareholders vote as a fund regarding such matters. Subject to the foregoing, on any matter submitted to a vote of shareholders, all shares then entitled to vote will be voted separately by the fund unless otherwise required by the 1940 Act, in which case all shares will be voted in the aggregate. For example, a change in a fund’s fundamental investment policies would be voted upon only by shareholders of the fund. Additionally, approvals of Investment Advisory Contracts are matters to be determined separately by the fund.

- 32

 

Approval by the shareholders of one fund is effective as to that fund whether or not sufficient votes are received from the shareholders of the other fund to approve the proposal as to that fund. The term “majority,” when referring to approvals to be obtained from shareholders of a fund means the vote of the lesser of (i) 67% of the shares of the fund or class represented at a meeting if the holder of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the fund or class are present in person or by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the fund. The term “majority,” when referring to the approvals to be obtained from shareholders of the Trust as a whole means the vote of the lesser of (i) 67% of the Trust’s shares represented at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the Trust’s outstanding shares are present in person or proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the Trust’s outstanding shares. Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each full share held and fractional votes for fractional shares held.

 

The Trust is not required to hold regular annual meetings of a fund’s shareholders and does not intend to do so. However, the Trust undertakes to hold a special meeting of its shareholders if the purpose of voting on the question of removal of a director or trustees is requested in writing by the holders of at least 10% of the Trust’s outstanding voting securities, and to assist in communicating with other shareholders as required by Section 16(c) of the 1940 Act. The Declaration of Trust provides that the holders of not less than two-thirds of the outstanding shares of the Trust may remove a person serving as Trustee either by declaration in writing or at a meeting called for such purpose.

 

Each share of the Fund represents an equal proportional interest in the fund with each other share and is entitled to such dividends and distributions out of the income earned on the assets belonging to the Fund as are declared in the discretion of the Trustees. In the event of the liquidation or dissolution of the Trust, shareholders of the Fund are entitled to receive the assets attributable to the Fund that are available for distribution, and a distribution of any general assets of the Trust not attributable to the Fund that are available for distribution in such manner and on such basis as the Trustees in their sole discretion may determine.

 

Shareholders are not entitled to any preemptive rights. All shares, when issued, will be fully paid and non-assessable by the Trust.

 

Under Delaware law, shareholders could, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable for the obligations of a series of the Trust but only to the extent of the shareholder’s investment in such series. However, the Declaration of Trust disclaims liability of the shareholders, Trustees or officers of the Trust for acts or obligations of the Trust, which are binding only on the assets and property of each series of the Trust and requires that notice of the disclaimer be given in each contract or obligations entered into or executed by the Trust or the Trustees. The risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which the Trust itself would be unable to meet its obligations and should be considered remote and is limited to the amount of the shareholder’s investment in the Fund.

- 33

 

The Trust does not have information concerning the beneficial ownership of Shares held by DTC Participants (as defined below).

 

Shareholders may make inquiries by writing to the Trust, c/o the Distributor, 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203.

 

Book Entry Only System. The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Book Entry.”

 

DTC Acts as Securities Depository for Fund Shares. Shares of the Fund are represented by securities registered in the name of DTC or its nominee and deposited with, or on behalf of, DTC.

 

DTC, a limited-purpose trust company, was created to hold securities of its participants (the “DTC Participants”) and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among the DTC Participants in such securities through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of the DTC Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities certificates. DTC Participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations, some of whom (and/or their representatives) own DTC. More specifically, DTC is owned by a number of its DTC Participants and by the NYSE Arca and FINRA. Access to the DTC system is also available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a DTC Participant, either directly or indirectly (the “Indirect Participants”).

 

Beneficial ownership of Shares is limited to DTC Participants, Indirect Participants and persons holding interests through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in Shares (owners of such beneficial interests are referred to herein as “Beneficial Owners”) is shown on, and the transfer of ownership is effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to DTC Participants) and on the records of DTC Participants (with respect to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners that are not DTC Participants). Beneficial Owners will receive from or through the DTC Participant a written confirmation relating to their purchase and sale of Shares.

 

Conveyance of all notices, statements and other communications to Beneficial Owners is effected as follows. Pursuant to the Depositary Agreement between the Trust and DTC, DTC is required to make available to the Trust upon request and for a fee to be charged to the Trust a listing of the Shares of the Fund held by each DTC Participant. The Trust shall inquire of each such DTC Participant as to the number of Beneficial Owners holding Shares, directly or indirectly, through such DTC Participant. The Trust shall provide each such DTC Participant with copies of such notice, statement or other communication, in such form, number and at such place as such DTC Participant may reasonably request, in order that such notice, statement or communication may be transmitted by such DTC Participant, directly or indirectly, to such Beneficial Owners. In addition, the Trust shall pay to each such DTC Participant a fair and reasonable amount as reimbursement for the expenses attendant to such transmittal, all subject to applicable statutory and regulatory requirements.

- 34

 

Fund distributions shall be made to DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., as the registered holder of all Fund Shares. DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any such distributions, shall immediately credit DTC Participants’ accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in Shares of the Fund as shown on the records of DTC or its nominee. Payments by DTC Participants to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners of Shares held through such DTC Participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in a “street name,” and will be the responsibility of such DTC Participants.

 

The Trust has no responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or notices to Beneficial Owners, or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in such Shares, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests, or for any other aspect of the relationship between DTC and the DTC Participants or the relationship between such DTC Participants and the Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners owning through such DTC Participants.

 

DTC may decide to discontinue providing its service with respect to Shares at any time by giving reasonable notice to the Trust and discharging its responsibilities with respect thereto under applicable law. Under such circumstances, the Trust shall take action to find a replacement for DTC to perform its functions at a comparable cost.

 

CREATION AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNIT AGGREGATIONS

 

Creation. The Trust issues and sells Shares of the Fund only in Creation Unit Aggregations on a continuous basis through the Distributor, without a sales load, at its NAV next determined after receipt, on any Business Day (as defined below), of an order in proper form. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund may, but is not required to permit orders until 4:00 p.m., Eastern time, or until the market closes (in the event the Exchange closes early).

 

A “Business Day” is any day on which the NYSE is open for business. As of the date of this SAI, the NYSE observes the following holidays: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Washington’s Birthday, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Juneteenth, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.

 

Deposit of Securities and Deposit or Delivery of Cash. The consideration for purchase of Creation Unit Aggregations of the Fund (except as noted below) generally consists of an in-kind deposit of a designated portfolio of securities — the “Deposit Securities” — per each Creation Unit Aggregation (“Fund Securities”) and an amount of cash — the “Cash Component” — computed as described below. Together, the Deposit Securities and/or the Cash Component constitute the “Fund Deposit,” which represents the minimum initial and subsequent investment amount for a Creation Unit Aggregation of the Fund.

 

The Cash Component is sometimes also referred to as the Balancing Amount. The Cash Component serves the function of compensating for any differences between the NAV per Creation Unit Aggregation and the aggregate market value of the Deposit Amount (as defined below). The Cash Component is an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the Fund Shares (per Creation Unit Aggregation) and the “Deposit Amount” — an amount equal to the market value of the Deposit Securities. If the Cash Component is a positive number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit Aggregation exceeds the Deposit Amount), the creator will deliver the Cash Component. If the Cash Component is a negative number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit Aggregation is less than the Deposit Amount), the creator will receive the Cash Component.

- 35

 

The Custodian, through the National Securities Clearing Corporation (“NSCC”) (discussed below), makes available on each Business Day, prior to the opening of business on the Fund’s listing Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m., Eastern time), the list of the names and the required number of shares of each Deposit Security and the amount of the Cash Component to be included in the current Fund Deposit (based on information at the end of the previous Business Day) for the Fund when effecting creations wholly or partly in-kind.

 

Such Fund Deposit is applicable, subject to any adjustments as described below, in order to effect creations of Creation Unit Aggregations of the Fund until such time as the next-announced composition of the Deposit Securities is made available.

 

The identity and number of shares of the Deposit Securities required for a Fund Deposit for the Fund changes as rebalancing adjustments and corporate action events are reflected within the Fund from time to time by the Adviser with a view to the investment objective of the Fund. The composition of the Deposit Securities may also change in response to adjustments to the weighting or composition of the component stocks of the Underlying Index. In addition, the Trust reserves the right to permit or require the substitution of an amount of cash - i.e., a “cash in lieu” amount - to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Security that may not be available in sufficient quantity for delivery or that may not be eligible for transfer through the systems of DTC or, if applicable, the Clearing Process (discussed below), or which might not be eligible for trading by an Authorized Participant (as defined below) or the investor for which it is acting or other relevant reason. Brokerage commissions incurred in connection with the acquisition of Deposit Securities not eligible for transfer through the systems of DTC and hence not eligible for transfer through the Clearing Process (discussed below) will be at the expense of the Fund and will affect the value of all Shares; but the Adviser, subject to the approval of the Board of Trustees, may adjust the transaction fee within the parameters described above to protect ongoing shareholders. The adjustments described above will reflect changes known to the Adviser on the date of announcement to be in effect by the time of delivery of the Fund Deposit, in the composition of the Underlying Index or resulting from certain corporate actions.

 

In addition to the list of names and numbers of securities constituting the current Deposit Securities of the Fund Deposit, the Custodian, through the NSCC, also makes available on each Business Day, the estimated Cash Component, effective through and including the previous Business Day, per outstanding Creation Unit Aggregation of the Fund.

 

Procedures for Creation of Creation Unit Aggregations. To be eligible to place orders with the Distributor and to create a Creation Unit Aggregation of the Fund, an entity must be (i) a “Participating Party,” i.e., a broker-dealer or other participant in the clearing process through the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC (the “Clearing Process”), a clearing agency that is registered with the SEC; or (ii) a DTC Participant (see the Book Entry Only System section), and, in each case, must have executed an agreement with the Distributor, with respect to creations and redemptions of Creation Unit Aggregations (“Participant Agreement”) (discussed below). A Participating Party and DTC Participant are collectively referred to as an “Authorized Participant.” Investors should contact the Distributor for the names of Authorized Participants that have signed a Participant Agreement. All Fund Shares, however created, will be entered on the records of DTC in the name of Cede & Co. for the account of a DTC Participant. Only U.S. equity securities are eligible to be cleared through the Clearing Process. Therefore, the Fund will only be eligible to utilize the Clearing Process for U.S. equity securities.

- 36

 

All orders to create Creation Unit Aggregations, whether through the Clearing Process (through a Participating Party) or outside the Clearing Process (through a DTC Participant), must be received by the Distributor no later than the closing time of the regular trading session on the Exchange (“Closing Time”) (ordinarily 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) in each case on the date such order is placed in order for creation of Creation Unit Aggregations to be effected based on the NAV of Shares of the Fund as next determined on such date after receipt of the order in proper form. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust may, but is not required to, permit Custom Orders until 4:00 p.m., Eastern time, or until the market close (in the event the Exchange closes early). In the case of custom orders, the order must be received by the Distributor no later than 3:00 p.m., Eastern time on the trade date. A custom order may be placed by an Authorized Participant in the event that the Trust permits or requires the substitution of an amount of cash to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Security which may not be available in sufficient quantity for delivery or which may not be eligible for trading by such Authorized Participant or the investor for which it is acting or other relevant reason. The date on which an order to create Creation Unit Aggregations (or an order to redeem Creation Unit Aggregations, as discussed below) is placed is referred to as the “Transmittal Date.” Orders must be transmitted by an Authorized Participant by telephone or other transmission method acceptable to the Distributor pursuant to procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement, as described below (see the “Placement of Creation Orders Using Clearing Process” and the “Placement of Creation Orders Outside Clearing Process” sections). Severe economic or market disruptions or changes, or telephone or other communication failure may impede the ability to reach the Distributor or an Authorized Participant.

 

All orders from investors who are not Authorized Participants to create Creation Unit Aggregations shall be placed with an Authorized Participant, as applicable, in the form required by such Authorized Participant. In addition, the Authorized Participant may request the investor to make certain representations or enter into agreements with respect to the order, e.g., to provide for payments of cash, when required. Investors should be aware that their particular broker may not have executed a Participant Agreement and that, therefore, orders to create Creation Unit Aggregations of the Fund have to be placed by the investor’s broker through an Authorized Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement. In such cases there may be additional charges to such investor. At any given time, there may be only a limited number of broker-dealers that have executed a Participant Agreement. Those placing orders for Creation Unit Aggregations through the Clearing Process should afford sufficient time to permit proper submission of the order to the Distributor prior to the Closing Time on the Transmittal Date. Orders for Creation Unit Aggregations that are affected outside the Clearing Process are likely to require transmittal by the DTC Participant earlier on the Transmittal Date than orders effected using the Clearing Process. Those persons placing orders outside the Clearing Process should ascertain the deadlines applicable to DTC and the Federal Reserve Bank wire system by contacting the operations department of the broker or depository institution effectuating such transfer of Deposit Securities and Cash Component.

- 37

 

With respect to the Fund’s investments in non-U.S. securities, if any, the Custodian shall cause the sub-custodian of the Fund to maintain an account into which the Authorized Participant shall deliver, on behalf of itself or the party on whose behalf it is acting, the securities included in the designated Fund Deposit (or the cash value of all or part of such securities, in the case of a permitted or required cash purchase or “cash in lieu” amount), with any appropriate adjustments as advised by the Trust. Deposit Securities must be delivered to an account maintained at the applicable local sub-custodian(s). Orders to purchase Creation Unit Aggregations must be received by the Distributor from an Authorized Participant on its own or another investor’s behalf by the closing time of the regular trading session on the Fund’s listing Exchange on the relevant Business Day. However, when a relevant local market is closed due to local market holidays, the local market settlement process will not commence until the end of the local holiday period. Settlement must occur by 2:00 p.m., Eastern time, on the contractual settlement date.

 

The Authorized Participant must also make available no later than 2:00 p.m., Eastern time, on the contractual settlement date, by means satisfactory to the Trust, immediately-available or same-day funds estimated by the Trust to be sufficient to pay the Cash Component next determined after acceptance of the purchase order, together with the applicable purchase transaction fee. Any excess funds will be returned following settlement of the issue of the Creation Unit Aggregation.

 

Placement of Creation Orders Using Clearing Process. The Clearing Process is the process of creating or redeeming Creation Unit Aggregations through the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC. Fund Deposits (when eligible to utilize the Clearing Process) made through the Clearing Process must be delivered through a Participating Party that has executed a Participant Agreement. The Participant Agreement authorizes the Distributor to transmit through the Custodian to NSCC, on behalf of the Participating Party, such trade instructions as are necessary to effect the Participating Party’s creation order. Pursuant to such trade instructions to NSCC, the Participating Party agrees to deliver the requisite Deposit Securities and the Cash Component to the Trust, together with such additional information as may be required by the Distributor. An order to create Creation Unit Aggregations through the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Distributor on the Transmittal Date if (i) such order is received by the Distributor not later than the Closing Time on such Transmittal Date and (ii) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed.

 

Placement of Creation Orders Outside Clearing Process. Fund Deposits made outside the Clearing Process (including all Fund Deposits not eligible to utilize the Clearing Process) must be delivered through a DTC Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement pre-approved by the Adviser and the Distributor. A DTC Participant who wishes to place an order creating Creation Unit Aggregations to be effected outside the Clearing Process does not need to be a Participating Party, but such orders must state that the DTC Participant is not using the Clearing Process and that the creation of Creation Unit Aggregations will instead be effected through a transfer of securities and cash directly through DTC. The Fund Deposit transfer must be ordered by the DTC Participant on the Transmittal Date in a timely fashion so as to ensure the delivery of the requisite number of Deposit Securities through DTC to the account of the Fund by no later than 11:00 a.m., Eastern time, of the next Business Day immediately following the Transmittal Date.

- 38

 

All questions as to the number of Deposit Securities to be delivered, and the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) for the deposit of any tendered securities, will be determined by the Trust, whose determination shall be final and binding. The amount of cash equal to the Cash Component must be transferred directly to the Custodian through the Federal Reserve Bank wire transfer system in a timely manner so as to be received by the Custodian no later than 2:00 p.m., Eastern time, on the next Business Day immediately following such Transmittal Date. An order to create Creation Unit Aggregations outside the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Distributor on the Transmittal Date if (i) such order is received by the Distributor not later than the Closing Time on such Transmittal Date; and (ii) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. However, if the Custodian does not receive both the required Deposit Securities and the Cash Component by 11:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m., respectively, on the next Business Day immediately following the Transmittal Date, such order will be canceled. Upon written notice to the Distributor, such canceled order may be resubmitted the following Business Day using a Fund Deposit as newly constituted to reflect the then current Deposit Securities and Cash Component. The delivery of Creation Unit Aggregations so created will occur no later than the second (2nd) Business Day following the day on which the purchase order is deemed received by the Distributor.

 

Additional transaction fees may be imposed with respect to transactions effected outside the Clearing Process (through a DTC Participant) (when otherwise eligible to use the Clearing Process) and in the circumstances in which any cash can be used in lieu of Deposit Securities to create Creation Units. (See Creation Transaction Fee section below).

 

Creation Unit Aggregations may be created in advance of receipt by the Trust of all or a portion of the applicable Deposit Securities as described below. In these circumstances, the initial deposit will have a value greater than the NAV of the Fund Shares on the date the order is placed in proper form since, in addition to available Deposit Securities, cash must be deposited in an amount equal to the sum of (i) the Cash Component, plus (ii) 115% of the market value of the undelivered Deposit Securities (the “Additional Cash Deposit”). The order shall be deemed to be received on the Business Day on which the order is placed provided that the order is placed in proper form prior to 4:00 p.m., Eastern time, on such date, and federal funds in the appropriate amount are deposited with the Custodian by 11:00 a.m., Eastern time, the following Business Day. If the order is not placed in proper form by 4:00 p.m. or federal funds in the appropriate amount are not received by 11:00 a.m. the next Business Day, then the order may be deemed to be canceled and the Authorized Participant shall be liable to the Fund for losses, if any, resulting therefrom. An additional amount of cash shall be required to be deposited with the Trust, pending delivery of the missing Deposit Securities to the extent necessary to maintain the Additional Cash Deposit with the Trust in an amount at least equal to 115% of the daily marked to market value of the missing Deposit Securities. To the extent that missing Deposit Securities are not received by 1:00 p.m., Eastern time, on the second Business Day following the day on which the purchase order is deemed received by the Distributor or in the event a marked-to-market payment is not made within one Business Day following notification by the Distributor that such a payment is required, the Trust may use the cash on deposit to purchase the missing Deposit Securities. Authorized Participants will be liable to the Trust and the Fund for the costs incurred by the Trust in connection with any such purchases. These costs will be deemed to include the amount by which the actual purchase price of the Deposit Securities exceeds the market value of such Deposit Securities on the day the purchase order was deemed received by the Distributor plus the brokerage and related transaction costs associated with such purchases. The Trust will return any unused portion of the Additional Cash Deposit once all of the missing Deposit Securities have been properly received by the Custodian or purchased by the Trust and deposited into the Trust. In addition, a transaction fee, as described below, will be charged in all cases. The delivery of Creation Unit Aggregations so created will occur no later than the second Business Day following the day on which the purchase order is deemed received by the Distributor.

- 39

 

Acceptance of Orders for Creation Unit Aggregations. The Trust reserves the absolute right to reject a creation order transmitted to it by the Distributor in respect of the Fund if: (i) the order is not in proper form; (ii) the investor(s), upon obtaining the Fund Shares ordered, would own 80% or more of the currently outstanding shares of any Fund and if, pursuant to section 351 of the Internal Revenue Code of1986, as amended (the “Code”), the Fund would have a basis in the Deposit Securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit; (iii) the Deposit Securities delivered are not as disseminated for that date by the Custodian, as described above; (iv) acceptance of the Deposit Securities would have certain adverse tax consequences to the Fund; (v) acceptance of the Fund Deposit would, in the opinion of counsel, be unlawful; (vi) acceptance of the Fund Deposit would otherwise, in the discretion of the Trust or the Adviser, have an adverse effect on the Trust or the rights of beneficial owners; or (vii) in the event that circumstances outside the control of the Trust, the Custodian, the Distributor and the Adviser make it for all practical purposes impossible to process creation orders. Examples of such circumstances include acts of God; public service or utility problems such as fires, floods, extreme weather conditions and power outages resulting in telephone, telecopy and computer failures; market conditions or activities causing trading halts; systems failures involving computer or other information systems affecting the Trust, the Adviser, the Distributor, DTC, NSCC, the Custodian or sub-custodian or any other participant in the creation process, and similar extraordinary events. The Distributor shall notify a prospective creator of a Creation Unit and/or the Authorized Participant acting on behalf of such prospective creator of its rejection of the order of such person. The Trust, the Custodian, any sub-custodian and the Distributor are under no duty, however, to give notification of any defects or irregularities in the delivery of Fund Deposits nor shall any of them incur any liability for the failure to give any such notification.

 

All questions as to the number of shares of each security in the Deposit Securities and the validity, form, eligibility, and acceptance for deposit of any securities to be delivered shall be determined by the Trust, and the Trust’s determination shall be final and binding.

 

Creation and Redemption Transaction Fee. Authorized Participants may be required to pay a creation or redemption fee for purchasing or redeeming Creation Units. Creation and redemption transactions for the Fund are subject to a creation or redemption fee, payable to [__________], in the amount listed below irrespective of the size of the order.

 

An additional variable charge may be imposed for creations effected outside the Clearing Process (with respect to Funds that could utilize the Clearing Process).

 

In addition, in the case of cash creations or where the Trust permits or requires an Authorized Participant to substitute cash in lieu of depositing a portion of the Deposit Securities, the Authorized Participant may be assessed an additional variable charge to compensate the Fund for the costs associated with purchasing the applicable securities. The Trust may adjust these fees from time to time based upon actual experience. As a result, in order to seek to replicate the in-kind creation order process, the Trust expects to purchase, in the secondary market or otherwise gain exposure to, the portfolio securities that could have been delivered as a result of an in-kind creation order pursuant to local law or market convention, or for other reasons (“Market Purchases”). In such cases where the Trust makes Market Purchases, the Trust may require the Authorized Participant to reimburse the Trust for, among other things, any difference between the market value at which the securities and/or financial instruments were purchased by the Trust and the cash in lieu amount (which amount, at the Adviser’s discretion, may be capped), applicable registration fees, brokerage commissions and certain taxes. The Adviser may adjust the transaction fee to the extent the composition of the creation securities changes or cash in lieu is added to the Cash Component to protect ongoing shareholders. Investors are responsible for the costs of transferring the securities constituting the Deposit Securities to the account of the Trust. To the extent the transaction expenses associated with Market Purchases are not fully reimbursed by the Authorized Participant through the transaction fee or otherwise, the Fund will bear such transaction expenses.

- 40

 

The standard creation or redemption transaction fee for the Fund is $[___].

 

Redemption of Fund Shares in Creation Units Aggregations. Fund Shares may be redeemed only in Creation Unit Aggregations at the Fund’s NAV next determined after receipt of a redemption request in proper form by the Fund through the Transfer Agent and only on a Business Day. The Fund will not redeem Shares in amounts less than Creation Unit Aggregations. Beneficial owners must accumulate enough Shares in the secondary market to constitute a Creation Unit Aggregation in order to have such Shares redeemed by the Trust. There can be no assurance, however, that there will be sufficient liquidity in the public trading market at any time to permit assembly of a Creation Unit Aggregation. Investors should expect to incur brokerage and other costs in connection with assembling a sufficient number of Fund Shares to constitute a redeemable Creation Unit Aggregation.

 

An Authorized Participant submitting a redemption request is deemed to represent to the Trust that it (or its client) (i) has full legal authority and legal right to tender for redemption the requisite number of Shares of the Fund and to receive the entire proceeds of the redemption, and (ii) if such Shares submitted for redemption have been loaned or pledged to another party or are the subject of a repurchase agreement, securities lending agreement or any other arrangement effecting legal or beneficial ownership of such Shares being tendered there are no restrictions precluding the tender and delivery of such Shares (including borrowed Shares, if any) for redemption, free and clear of liens, on the redemption settlement date. The Trust reserves the right to verify these representations at its discretion, but will typically require verification with respect to a redemption request from the Fund in connection with higher levels of redemption activity and/or short interest in the Fund. If the Authorized Participant, upon receipt of a verification request, does not provide sufficient verification of its representations as determined by the Trust, the redemption request will not be considered to have been received in proper form and may be rejected by the Trust.

 

To the extent that the Fund effects redemptions wholly or partly in-kind, the Custodian, through the NSCC, makes available prior to the opening of business on the Fund’s listing Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m., Eastern time) on each Business Day, the identity of the Fund Securities that will be applicable (subject to possible amendment or correction) to redemption requests received in proper form (as described below) on that day. Fund Securities received on redemption may not be identical to Deposit Securities that are applicable to creations of Creation Unit Aggregations.

- 41

 

Unless cash redemptions (or partial cash redemptions) are available or specified for the Fund, the redemption proceeds for a Creation Unit Aggregation generally consist of Fund Securities — as announced on the Business Day of the request for redemption received in proper form — plus or minus cash in an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the Fund Shares being redeemed, as next determined after a receipt of a request in proper form, and the value of the Fund Securities (the “Cash Redemption Amount”), less a redemption transaction fee as listed below. In the event that the Fund Securities have a value greater than the NAV of the Fund Shares, a compensating cash payment equal to the difference is required to be made by or through an Authorized Participant by the redeeming shareholder.

 

The right of redemption may be suspended or the date of payment postponed (i) for any period during which the NYSE is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings); (ii) for any period during which trading on the NYSE is suspended or restricted; (iii) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal of the Shares of the Fund or determination of the Fund’s NAV is not reasonably practicable; or (iv) in such other circumstances as is permitted by the SEC.

 

Redemption Transaction Fee. A redemption transaction fee is imposed to offset transfer and other transaction costs that may be incurred by the Fund. An additional variable charge for cash redemptions (when cash redemptions are available or specified) for the Fund may be imposed to compensate the Fund for the costs associated with selling the applicable securities. The Fund may adjust these fees from time to time based on actual experience. As a result, in order to seek to replicate the in-kind redemption order process, the Trust expects to sell, in the secondary market, the portfolio securities that will not be delivered as part of an in-kind redemption order (“Market Sales”). In such cases where the Trust makes Market Sales, the Authorized Participant will reimburse the Trust for, among other things, any difference between the market value at which the securities were sold by the Trust and the cash in lieu amount (which amount, at the Adviser’s discretion, may be capped), applicable registration fees, brokerage commissions and taxes. To the extent applicable, brokerage commissions incurred in connection with the Trust’s sale of portfolio securities will be at the expense of the Fund and will affect the value of all Shares of the Fund; but the Adviser may adjust the transaction fee to the extent the composition of the redemption securities changes or cash in lieu is added to the Cash Redemption Amount to protect ongoing shareholders. Investors who use the services of a broker or other such intermediary may be charged a fee for such services. The standard redemption transaction fees for the Fund otherwise are the same as the standard creation fees set forth above. In no event will a redemption transaction fee exceed 2% of the amount redeemed. Investors will also bear the costs of transferring the Fund Securities from the Trust to their account or on their order. To the extent the transaction expenses associated with Market Sales are not fully reimbursed by the Authorized Participant through the transaction fee or otherwise, the Fund will bear such transaction expenses.

- 42

 

Placement of Redemption Orders Using Clearing Process. Orders to redeem Creation Unit Aggregations through the Clearing Process (for Funds eligible to utilize the Clearing Process) must be delivered through a Participating Party that has executed the Participant Agreement. An order to redeem Creation Unit Aggregations using the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Trust on the Transmittal Date if (i) such order is received by the Transfer Agent not later than 4:00 p.m., Eastern time, on such Transmittal Date, and (ii) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed; such order will be effected based on the NAV of the Fund as next determined. An order to redeem Creation Unit Aggregations using the Clearing Process made in proper form but received by the Trust after 4:00 p.m., Eastern time, will be deemed received on the next Business Day immediately following the Transmittal Date and will be effected at the NAV next determined on such next Business Day. The requisite Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Amount will be transferred by the second NSCC Business Day following the date on which such request for redemption is deemed received.

 

Placement of Redemption Orders Outside Clearing Process. Orders to redeem Creation Unit Aggregations outside the Clearing Process (including all redemption orders for Funds not eligible to utilize the Clearing Process) must be delivered through a DTC Participant that has executed the Participant Agreement. A DTC Participant who wishes to place an order for redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations to be effected outside the Clearing Process does not need to be a Participating Party, but such orders must state that the DTC Participant is not using the Clearing Process and that redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations will instead be effected through transfer of Fund Shares directly through DTC. An order to redeem Creation Unit Aggregations outside the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Trust on the Transmittal Date if (i) such order is received by the Transfer Agent not later than 4:00 p.m., Eastern time on such Transmittal Date; (ii) such order is accompanied or followed by the requisite number of Shares of the Fund, which delivery must be made through DTC to the Custodian no later than 11:00 a.m., Eastern time (for the Fund Shares), on the next Business Day immediately following such Transmittal Date (the “DTC Cut-Off-Time”) and 2:00 p.m., Eastern Time for any Cash Component, if any owed to the Fund; and (iii) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. After the Trust has deemed an order for redemption outside the Clearing Process received, the Trust will initiate procedures to transfer the requisite Fund Securities which are expected to be delivered within two Business Days and the Cash Redemption Amount, if any owed to the redeeming Beneficial Owner to the Authorized Participant on behalf of the redeeming Beneficial Owner by the second Business Day following the Transmittal Date on which such redemption order is deemed received by the Trust. With respect to Funds that invest in non-U.S. securities, however, due to the schedule of holidays in certain countries, the delivery of in-kind redemption proceeds may take longer than two Business Days after the day on which the redemption request is received in proper form. In such cases, the local market settlement procedures will not commence until the end of the local holiday periods. In addition, for Funds that invest in non-U.S. securities, in connection with taking delivery of shares of Fund Securities upon redemption of shares of the Fund, a redeeming Beneficial Owner, or Authorized Participant action on behalf of such Beneficial Owner must maintain appropriate security arrangements with a qualified broker-dealer, bank or other custody provider in each jurisdiction in which any of the Fund Securities are customarily traded, to which account such Fund Securities will be delivered.

- 43

 

The calculation of the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Amount to be delivered/received upon redemption will be made by the Custodian according to the procedures set forth under Determination of NAV computed on the Business Day on which a redemption order is deemed received by the Trust. Therefore, if a redemption order in proper form is submitted to the Transfer Agent by a DTC Participant not later than Closing Time on the Transmittal Date, and the requisite number of Shares of the Fund are delivered to the Custodian prior to the DTC Cut-Off-Time, then the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Amount to be delivered/received will be determined by the Custodian on such Transmittal Date. If, however, either (i) the requisite number of Shares of the relevant Fund are not delivered by the DTC Cut-Off-Time, as described above, or (ii) the redemption order is not submitted in proper form, then the redemption order will not be deemed received as of the Transmittal Date. In such case, the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Amount to be delivered/received will be computed on the Business Day following the Transmittal Date provided that the Fund Shares of the relevant Fund are delivered through DTC to the Custodian by 11:00 a.m. the following Business Day pursuant to a properly submitted redemption order.

 

To the extent the Fund effects redemptions wholly or partly in-kind, if it is not possible to effect deliveries of the Fund Securities, the Trust may in its discretion exercise its option to redeem such Fund Shares in cash, and the redeeming Beneficial Owner will be required to receive its redemption proceeds in cash. In addition, an investor may request a redemption in cash that the relevant Fund may, in its sole discretion, permit. In either case, the investor will receive a cash payment equal to the NAV of its Fund Shares based on the NAV of Shares of the Fund next determined after the redemption request is received in proper form (minus a redemption transaction fee and additional charge for requested cash redemptions specified above, to offset the Fund’s brokerage and other transaction costs associated with the disposition of Fund Securities). The Fund may also, in its sole discretion, upon request of a shareholder, provide such redeemer a portfolio of securities that differs from the exact composition of the Fund Securities, or cash in lieu of some securities added to the Cash Component, but in no event will the total value of the securities delivered and the cash transmitted differ from the NAV. Redemptions of Fund Shares for Fund Securities will be subject to compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws and the relevant Fund (whether or not it otherwise permits cash redemptions) reserves the right to redeem Creation Unit Aggregations for cash to the extent that the Trust could not lawfully deliver specific Fund Securities upon redemptions or could not do so without first registering the Fund Securities under such laws. An Authorized Participant or an investor for which it is acting subject to a legal restriction with respect to a particular security included in the Fund Securities applicable to the redemption of a Creation Unit Aggregation may be paid an equivalent amount of cash. The Authorized Participant may request the redeeming Beneficial Owner of the Fund Shares to complete an order form or to enter into agreements with respect to such matters as compensating cash payment, beneficial ownership of shares or delivery instructions.

 

Regular Holidays. The Fund generally intends to effect deliveries of Creation Units and Portfolio Securities on a basis of “T” plus two Business Days (i.e., days on which the national securities exchange is open). The Fund may effect deliveries of Creation Units and Portfolio Securities on a basis other than T plus two or T plus one in order to accommodate local holiday schedules, to account for different treatment among foreign and U.S. markets of dividend record dates and ex-dividend dates, or under certain other circumstances. The ability of the Trust to effect in-kind creations and redemptions within two Business Days of receipt of an order in good form is subject, among other things, to the condition that, within the time period from the date of the order to the date of delivery of the securities, there are no days that are holidays in the applicable foreign market. For every occurrence of one or more intervening holidays in the applicable foreign market that are not holidays observed in the U.S. equity market, the redemption settlement cycle will be extended by the number of such intervening holidays. In addition to holidays, other unforeseeable closings in a foreign market due to emergencies may also prevent the Trust from delivering securities within normal settlement period.

- 44

 

The securities delivery cycles currently practicable for transferring Portfolio Securities to redeeming investors, coupled with foreign market holiday schedules, will require a delivery process longer than seven calendar days for each such Fund, in certain circumstances. The timing of settlement may also be affected by proclamation of new holidays, the treatment by market participants of certain days as “informal holidays” (e.g., days on which no or limited securities transactions occur, as a result of substantially shortened trading hours), the elimination of existing holidays or changes in local securities delivery practices.

 

FEDERAL INCOME TAXES

 

This section provides additional information concerning U.S. federal income taxes. It is based on the Code, applicable Treasury Regulations, judicial authority and administrative rulings and practice, all as of the date of this SAI, and all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. The following does not address any state, local or foreign or estate or gift tax matters.

 

A shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax consequences from acquiring, holding and disposing of shares in the Fund may vary depending upon his or her particular situation. Except where other specifically stated, this discussion only applies to shareholders who are U.S. persons. For purposes of this discussion, U.S. persons are: (i) U.S. citizens or residents, (ii) U S. corporations (i.e., entities classified as corporations for U.S. tax purposes that are organized under the laws of the United States or any state), (iii) an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source, or (iv) a trust, if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions, or certain electing trusts that were in existence on August 20, 1996, and were treated as domestic trusts on August 19, 1996.

 

Except where otherwise stated, this discussion does not address issues of significance to persons in special situations such as: (i) certain types of tax-exempt organizations, (ii) shareholders holding shares through tax-advantaged accounts (such as 401(k) plan accounts or individual retirement accounts), (iii) shareholders holding investments through foreign institutions (financial and non-financial), (iv) financial institutions, (v) insurance companies, (vi) broker-dealers, and traders in securities that elect to mark-to-market their securities holdings, (viii) shareholders holding shares as part of a hedge, straddle or conversion transaction or otherwise as part of a larger integrated transaction, (viii) shareholders who are subject to the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax, (ix) passive foreign investment companies or controlled foreign corporations, or (x) foreign governments.

- 45

 

If a partnership (including for this purpose any entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) is a beneficial owner of shares, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. Partners of partnerships that are considering the purchase of shares should consult their tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of shares.

 

The Fund has not requested and will not request an advance ruling from the IRS as to the U.S. federal income tax matters described below. The IRS could adopt positions contrary to those discussed below and such positions could be sustained. In addition, the foregoing discussion only addresses some of the U.S. federal income tax considerations generally affecting investments in the Fund. Prospective shareholders are urged to consult with their tax advisers as to the particular U.S. federal tax consequences to them of an investment in the Fund, as well as the applicability and effect of any state, local or foreign laws, and the effect of possible changes in applicable tax laws.

 

Taxation of the Fund

 

The Fund intends to elect to be treated and qualify each year as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code. In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded regulated investment companies and their shareholders, the Fund must, among other things: (i) derive at least 90% of its gross income in each taxable year from dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies and net income derived from interests in “qualified publicly traded partnerships;” (ii) diversify its holdings so that at the end of each fiscal quarter, (a) at least 50% of the value of its total assets consists of cash and cash items (including receivables), U.S. government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities limited generally, with respect to any one issuer, to no more than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (b) not more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is invested in (1) the securities (other than those of the U.S. government or other regulated investment companies) of any one issuer, (2) the securities (other than the securities of other regulated investment companies) of two or more issuers which the Fund controls and which are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses, or (3) in the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships and (iii) distribute with respect to each taxable year an amount equal to or exceeding the sum of (a) 90% of its “investment company taxable income,” as that term is defined in the Code (which generally includes, among other things, dividends, taxable interest, and the excess of any net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses, as reduced by certain deductible expenses) without regard to the deduction for dividends paid, and (b) 90% of its tax-exempt interest income, net of expenses allocable thereto. For purposes of meeting the diversification requirement described in (ii) above, in the case of Fund’s investment in loan participations, the issuer may be the financial intermediary or the borrower. The requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company may significantly limit the extent to which the Fund may invest in some investments.

- 46

 

With respect to (i) above, the IRS may limit qualifying income from foreign currency gains to the amount of such currency gains that are directly related to a regulated investment company’s principal business of investing in stock or securities (or options and futures with respect thereto) pursuant to regulations that may be promulgated in the future. For purposes of the 90% gross income requirement described in (i) above, income derived from a partnership will generally be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership which would be qualifying income if realized by the regulated investment company. However, 100% of the net income derived from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership (defined as an entity taxed as a partnership (x) interests in which are traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof and (y) that derives less than 90% of its income from the qualifying income described in (i) above) will be treated as qualifying income. In addition, although in general the passive activity loss rules of the Code do not apply to regulated investment companies, such rules do apply to a regulated investment company with respect to items attributable to an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership. Finally, for purposes of (ii)(a) above, the term “outstanding voting securities of such issuer” will include the equity securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership.

 

The Fund intends to qualify for and has elected or intends to elect to be treated as a separate regulated investment company (a “RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Code. To the extent it qualifies for treatment as a RIC, the Fund will not be subject to U.S. Federal income tax on the portion of its taxable investment income and capital gains that it distributes to its shareholders. In certain situations, the Fund can cure failures to meet the income and diversification tests described above, including, in some cases, by paying the Fund-level tax and, in the case of diversification failures, disposing of certain assets. If the Fund fails to qualify for any taxable year as a RIC, all of its taxable income will be subject to tax at regular corporate income tax rates without any deduction for distributions to shareholders, and such distributions generally will be taxable to shareholders as ordinary dividends to the extent of the relevant Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. To qualify again to be taxed as a regulated investment company that is accorded special treatment in a subsequent year, the Fund could be required to pay substantial taxes, penalties and interest and make substantial distributions. In addition, if the Fund fails to qualify as a regulated investment company for a period greater than two taxable years, the Fund may be required to recognize and pay tax on any net built-in gain (the excess of aggregate gain, including items of income, over aggregate loss that would have been realized if the Fund had been liquidated) or, alternatively, to be subject to taxation on such built-in gain recognized for a period of five years, in order to qualify as a regulated investment company in a subsequent year.

 

As a regulated investment company, the Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its net capital gains (that is, any net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses) properly reported by the Fund in a written statement to shareholders as capital gain dividends (“capital gain dividends”) and its investment company taxable income if any, that the Fund distributes to shareholders on a timely basis. The Fund generally intends to distribute substantially all of its investment company taxable income and net capital gains, after offsetting any capital loss carryforwards, in a taxable year. If the Fund does retain any investment company taxable income, it will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained. However, the Fund may elect to have certain distributions paid after the close of a tax year treated as having been paid during the tax year for purposes of the regulated investment company distribution requirements and for purposes of determining its taxable income (“spill-over dividends”). Spill-over dividends are taxed to shareholders in the year in which they are received.

- 47

 

If the Fund retains any net capital gain, it will also be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained, but may designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who (i) will be required to include in income for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their shares of such undistributed amount, and (ii) will be entitled to credit their proportionate shares of the tax paid by the Fund on such undistributed amount against their U.S. federal income tax liabilities, if any. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of the Fund will be increased by an amount equal to the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholder’s income and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder under clause (ii) of the preceding sentence.

 

Generally, the excess (if any) of the Fund’s net short-term capital loss over the net long-term capital gain for a taxable year will carry over as a short-term capital loss arising on the first day of the next tax year. In addition, the excess (if any) of the Fund’s net long-term capital loss over the net short-term capital gain for the year will carry over as a long-term capital loss arising on the first day of the next tax year. Unused capital losses realized by a may be carried forward indefinitely until they can be used to offset capital gains.

 

The Fund may be limited under Code Section 382 in its ability to offset its taxable income by capital loss carryforwards and net unrealized built-in losses after an “ownership change” of the Fund. The term “net unrealized built-in loss” refers to the excess, if any, of the Fund’s aggregate adjusted basis in its assets immediately before an ownership change, over the fair market value of such assets at such time, subject to a de minimis rule. The Fund would experience an ownership change under Code Section 382 if and when 5-percent shareholders of the Fund increase their ownership by more than 50 percentage points in the aggregate over their respective lowest percentage ownership of the Fund’s shares in a 3-year period. Under Code Section 382, if the Fund experiences an ownership change, the Fund may use its pre-change tax capital loss carryforwards and net unrealized built-in losses in a year after the ownership change generally only up to the product of the fair market value of the Fund’s equity immediately before the ownership change and a certain interest rate published monthly by the U.S. Treasury known as the applicable long-term tax-exempt rate. The foregoing limitation on the use of pre-ownership change net unrealized built-in losses only applies for a period of five years after the ownership change, while the foregoing limitation on the use of pre-ownership change capital loss carryforwards lasts indefinitely.

 

If future capital gains are offset by carried-forward capital losses, such future capital gains are not subject to Fund-level federal income tax, regardless of whether they are distributed to shareholders. However, future capital gains offset by carried-forward capital losses are generally subject to taxation as ordinary dividends to shareholders if distributed. Accordingly, the Fund does not expect to distribute any capital gains offset by carried-forward capital losses. The Fund cannot carry back or carry forward any net operating losses.

- 48

 

A regulated investment company may elect to treat any post-October capital loss (defined as the Fund’s net capital loss, net long-term capital loss, or net short-term capital loss, as applicable, in each case attributable to the portion of the taxable year after October 31) and late-year ordinary loss (generally, (i) net ordinary losses from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of property, attributable to the portion of the taxable year after October 31, plus (ii) other net ordinary losses attributable to the portion of the taxable year after December 31) as if incurred in the succeeding taxable year.

 

The Fund will be subject to a 4% excise tax on certain undistributed income if it does not distribute to its shareholders in each calendar year at least 98% of its ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for the calendar year plus 98.2% of its net capital gains for twelve months ended October 31 of such year. For these purposes, ordinary gains and losses from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of property that would be properly taken into account after October 31 are treated as arising on January 1 of the following calendar year, and the Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to corporate income tax in the taxable year ending within the calendar year. The Fund intends to declare and distribute dividends and distributions in the amounts and at the times necessary to avoid the application of this 4% excise tax. The Fund reserves the right to pay an excise tax rather than make an additional distribution when circumstances warrant (for example, the amount of excise tax to be paid is deemed de minimis by the Fund).

 

Equalization Accounting

 

The Fund may use “equalization accounting” to determine the portion of its income and gains that has been distributed with respect to each taxable year. Under equalization accounting, the Fund would allocate a portion of its undistributed investment company taxable income and net capital gain to redemptions of Fund shares. This method would allow the Fund to reduce the amount of such income and gains that it distributes to non-redeeming shareholders, but would not reduce the total return on a shareholder’s investment. If the IRS determines that the Fund’s equalization method is improper and that the Fund has under-distributed its income and gain for any taxable year, the Fund may be liable for federal income and/or excise tax. Equalization accounting will not be available for the Fund if and when it is a personal holding company.

 

Basis of Fund in Securities

 

To permit the Fund to obtain a fair market value basis in securities received in Creation Unit Aggregations, the Trust on behalf of the Fund has the right (but not the obligation) to reject an order to purchase Shares if the purchaser (or group of purchasers) would, upon obtaining the Shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding Shares of such Fund and if, pursuant to section 351 of the Code, that Fund would have a basis in the Deposit Securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit. The Trust also has the right to require information necessary to determine beneficial Share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination.

- 49

 

Taxation of Fund Distributions

 

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, distributions of investment company taxable income are generally taxable as ordinary income to the extent of the Fund’s current or accumulated “earnings and profits.” Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares. Distributions of net capital gains from the sale of investments that the Fund owned for more than one year and that are properly designated by the Fund as capital gain dividends (i.e., “capital gain dividends”) will be taxable to Fund shareholders as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long shareholders have held the Shares. Generally, distributions of gains from the sale of investments that the Fund owned for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income.

 

Distributions from the Fund’s net investment income, including net short-term capital gains, if any, and distributions of income from securities lending, are taxable as ordinary income. Distributions reinvested in additional Shares of the Fund through the means of a dividend reinvestment service will be taxable dividends to Shareholders acquiring such additional Shares to the same extent as if such dividends had been received in cash.

 

Dividends declared by the Fund in October, November or December and paid to shareholders of record of such months during the following January may be treated as having been received by such shareholders in the year the distributions were declared.

 

Long-term capital gains tax of non-corporate taxpayers are generally taxed at a maximum rate of either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the taxpayer’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts. In addition, some ordinary dividends declared and paid by the Fund to non-corporate shareholders may qualify as “qualified dividend income” taxable at the lower reduced tax rates applicable to long-term capital gains, provided that holding period and other requirements are met by the Fund and the shareholder. The Fund will report to shareholders annually the amounts of dividends received from ordinary income, the amount of distributions received from capital gains and the portion of dividends which may qualify for the dividends received deduction. In addition, the Fund will report the amount of qualified dividends to non-corporate shareholders eligible for taxation at the lower reduced tax rates applicable to long-term capital gains.

 

If, for any calendar year, the total distributions made exceed the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, the excess will, for federal income tax purposes, be treated as a tax-free return of capital to each shareholder up to the amount of the shareholder’s basis in his or her shares, and thereafter as gain from the sale of shares. The amount treated as a tax-free return of capital will reduce the shareholder’s adjusted basis in his or her shares, thereby increasing the shareholder’s potential gain or reducing the shareholder’s potential loss on the subsequent sale of the shares.

 

An additional 3.8% Medicare tax will be imposed on certain net investment income of U.S. individuals, and estates and certain trusts to the extent that such taxpayer’s gross income, as adjusted, exceeds a certain amount. Net investment income includes dividends and capital gain distributions received from the Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable disposition of Fund shares. Net investment income also includes interest, dividends, royalties, rents, gross income from a trade or business involving passive activities, and net gain from disposition of property (other than property held in a non-passive trade or business). Net investment income is reduced by deductions properly allocable to such income.

- 50

 

Special Tax Considerations

 

The Fund may make investments that are subject to special federal income tax rules, such as investments in repurchase agreements, money market instruments, convertible securities and structured notes. Those special tax rules can, among other things, affect the timing of income or gain, the treatment of income as capital or ordinary and the treatment of capital gain or loss as long-term or short-term. The application of these special rules would therefore also affect the character of distributions made by the relevant Fund. The Fund may need to borrow money or dispose of some of its investments earlier than anticipated in order to meet its distribution requirements.

 

Certain of the Fund’s investments may be subject to special U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things, (i) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, (ii) convert lower-taxed long-term capital gain into higher-taxed short-term capital gain or ordinary income, (iii) convert an ordinary loss or a deduction into a capital loss, the deductibility of which is more limited, (iv) adversely affect when a purchase or sale of stock or securities is deemed to occur, (v) adversely alter the intended characterization of certain complex financial transactions (vi) cause the Fund to recognize income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash and (vii) produce non-qualifying income for purposes of the income test required to be satisfied by a RIC. The application of these rules could cause the Fund to be subject to U.S. federal income tax or the nondeductible 4% excise tax and, under certain circumstances, could affect the Fund’s status as a RIC. The Fund will monitor its investments and may make certain tax elections in order to mitigate the effect of these provisions.

 

The Fund may designate certain dividends as derived from “qualified dividend income,” which, when received by an individual, will be taxed at a maximum federal income tax rate applicable to long-term capital gain, which (for this purpose) is 20% (in addition to the 3.8% Medicare tax described previously). Dividend income distributed to individual shareholders will qualify as “qualified dividend income” as that term is defined in section 1(h)(11)(B) of the Code to the extent such distributions are attributable to income from the Fund’s investments in common and preferred stock of U.S. companies and stock of certain qualified foreign corporations provided that certain holding period and other requirements are met by both the Fund (which respect to the dividend paying corporation’s stock) and its shareholders (with respect to the Fund’s shares).

 

Investment in Subsidiary.

 

The Fund will seek to gain exposure to commodities markets by investing in the Subsidiary. The Fund will wholly own stock of the Subsidiary which will be a controlled foreign corporation as defined in the Code CFCs”). A CFC is a foreign corporation in which more than 50% of the stock, by vote or value, is owned by U.S. persons each of whom own, directly or constructively, 10% or more of the stock of a foreign corporation by vote or by value (“United States. Shareholders”). A United States Shareholder of a CFC is generally be required to annually include in income as ordinary income its allocable share of the CFC’s (i) “subpart F income” and (ii) “global intangible low-tax income” (“GILTI”), both as defined by the Code, regardless of whether or CFC distributes such amounts to the United States Shareholder. Under Treasury Regulations, amounts included in gross income by a RIC as subpart F income of a CFC will be qualifying income for the RIC under Code Section 851(b) if either (i) such amounts are distributed to the RIC in the taxable year in which they are earned by the CFC, or (ii) such income is derived with respect to the RIC’s business of investing in stock, securities or currencies. Treasury Regulations provide that GILTI inclusions will be treated in the same manner for purposes of Code Section 851(b) as subpart F inclusions.

- 51

 

Because the Subsidiary will be a CFC and the Fund will a United States Shareholder of the Subsidiary, the Fund will be required to include in gross income for federal income tax purposes all of the Subsidiary’s “Subpart F income” within the meaning of Section 952 of the Code whether or not such income is distributed by the Subsidiary. The Fund expects that substantially all of the Subsidiary’s income will qualify as Subpart F Income (and not qualify as GILTI). The Fund’s recognition of the Subsidiary’s “Subpart F income” will increase its basis in its shares of the Subsidiary. Distributions by the Subsidiary to the Fund will be tax-free, to the extent of its previously undistributed “Subpart F income,” and will correspondingly reduce the Fund’s basis in its shares of the Subsidiary.

 

A foreign corporation, such as the Subsidiary, generally is not subject to U.S. federal income taxation on its business income unless it is engaged in, or deemed to be engaged in, a U.S. trade or business. It is expected that the Subsidiary will conduct its activities so as to satisfy the requirements of a safe-harbor set forth in the Code, under which the Subsidiary may engage in certain commodity-related investments without being treated as engaged in a U.S. trade or business. However, if the Subsidiary’s activities were determined not to be of the type described in the safe harbor, its activities may be subject to U.S. federal income taxation.

 

A foreign corporation, such as the Subsidiary, that does not conduct a U.S. trade or business is nonetheless subject to a U.S. withholding tax at a flat 30% rate (or lower treaty rate) on certain U.S. source gross income. No tax treaty is in force between the United States and the Cayman Islands that would reduce the 30% rate of withholding tax. However, it is not expected that the Subsidiary will derive income subject to U.S. withholding taxes.

 

Possible Investments in other CFCs

 

The Fund may invest in CFCs other than the Subsidiary. If the Fund is a United States Shareholder of any such CFC, it must include in taxable income currently as ordinary income its allocable share of the CFC’s subpart F Income and GILIT. Under Treasury Regulations, any amounts included in gross income by the Fund as subpart F income or of a CFC will be qualifying income for the RIC if either (i) such amounts are distributed to the Fund in the taxable year in which they are earned by the CFC, or (ii) such income is derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing in stock, securities or currencies. Treasury Regulations provide that GILTI inclusions will be treated in the same manner for purposes of Code Section 851(b) as subpart F inclusions.

 

Passive Foreign Investment Companies

 

The Fund may invest in stocks of foreign companies that are classified under the Code as passive foreign investment companies (“PFICs”). In general, a foreign company is classified as a PFIC if at least 50% of its assets constitute investment-type assets or 75% or more of its gross income is investment-type income. In general, under the PFIC rules, an “excess distribution” received with respect to PFIC stock is treated as having been realized ratably over the period during which the Fund held the PFIC stock. The Fund itself will be subject to tax on the portion, if any, of the excess distribution that is allocated to the Fund’s holding period in prior taxable years (and an interest factor will be added to the tax, as if the tax had actually been payable in such prior taxable years) even though the Fund distributes the corresponding income to shareholders. Excess distributions include any gain from the sale of PFIC stock as well as certain distributions from a PFIC. All excess distributions are taxable as ordinary income.

- 52

 

The Fund may be able to elect to treat a PFIC as a qualified electing fund (a “QEF election”). Under such an election, the Fund generally would be required to include in its gross income its share of the earnings of a PFIC on a current basis, regardless of whether any distributions are received from the PFIC. If this election is made, the special rules, discussed above, relating to the taxation of excess distributions, would not apply. Under Treasury Regulations, earnings included in income under a QEF election will be qualifying income for a regulated investment company if such earnings are (i) distributed in the taxable year in which they are included, or (ii) derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing in stock, securities or currencies.

 

Alternatively, the Fund may be able to elect to mark to market its PFIC stock, resulting in the stock being treated as sold at fair market value on the last business day of each taxable year. Any resulting gain would be reported as ordinary income, and mark-to-market losses and any loss from an actual disposition of the Fund Shares would be deductible as ordinary losses to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains included in income in prior years.

 

Because the application of the PFIC rules may affect, among other things, the character of gains, the amount of gain or loss and the timing of the recognition of income with respect to PFIC stock, as well as subject the Fund itself to tax on certain income from PFIC stock, the amount that must be distributed to shareholders, and which will be taxed to shareholders as ordinary income or long-term capital gain, may be increased or decreased substantially as compared to a fund that did not invest in PFIC stock. Distributions from a PFIC are not eligible for the reduced rate of tax on “qualified dividends.”

 

Futures Contracts

 

The Fund is required under Code Section 1256 to mark to market and recognize as income for each taxable year its net unrealized gains and losses on certain futures contracts as of the end of the year as well as those actually realized during the year. Gain or loss from futures contracts on broad-based indexes required to be marked to market will be 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss. Application of this rule may alter the timing and character of distributions to shareholders. The Fund may be required to defer the recognition of losses on futures contracts to the extent of any unrecognized gains on offsetting positions held by the relevant Fund.

 

In order for the Fund to continue to qualify for federal income tax treatment as a RIC, at least 90% of its gross income for a taxable year must be derived from qualifying income, i.e., dividends, interest, income derived from loans or securities, gains from the sale of securities or of foreign currencies or other income derived with respect to the relevant Fund’s business of investing in securities (including net income derived from an interest in certain “qualified publicly traded partnerships”). It is anticipated that any net gain realized from the closing out of futures contracts will be considered gain from the sale of securities or derived with respect to the relevant Fund’s business of investing in securities and therefore will be qualifying income for purposes of the 90% gross income requirement.

- 53

 

The Fund distributes to shareholders at least annually any net capital gains which have been recognized for federal income tax purposes, including unrealized gains at the end of the Fund’s fiscal year on futures transactions. Such distributions are combined with distributions of capital gains realized on the Fund’s other investments and shareholders are advised on the nature of the distributions.

 

High-Risk Securities

 

Investments in debt obligations that are at risk of or in default present tax issues for the Fund. Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as whether and to what extent the Fund should recognize market discount on a debt obligation, when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent the Fund may take deductions for bad debts or worthless securities and how the Fund should allocate payments received on obligations in default between principal and income. These and other related issues will be addressed by the Fund in order to ensure that it distributes sufficient income to preserve its status as a RIC.

 

Non-U.S. Currency Transactions

 

Under Section 988 of the Code, special rules are provided for certain transactions in a foreign currency other than the taxpayer’s functional currency (i.e., unless certain special rules apply, currencies other than the U.S. dollar). In general, foreign currency gains or losses from futures contracts that are not “regulated futures contracts” will be treated as ordinary income or loss under Section 988 of the Code. Certain foreign exchange gains or losses derived with respect to foreign fixed income securities are also subject to Section 988 treatment. Certain of the Fund’s transactions, if any, in foreign currencies and foreign currency denominated instruments are likely to result in a difference between the Fund’s book income and taxable income. This difference may cause a portion of the Fund’s income distributions to constitute a return of capital or capital gain for tax purposes or require the Fund to make distributions exceeding book income to avoid excise tax liability and to qualify as a regulated investment company, which may have the effect of accelerating taxable distributions to shareholders of the Fund.

 

Foreign Taxes

 

Income received by the Fund from sources within foreign countries may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries. Tax conventions between certain countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If more than 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets at the close of its taxable year consists of stock or securities of foreign corporations, or if at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets at the close of each quarter of its taxable year is represented by interests in other RICs, that Fund may elect to “pass through” to its shareholders the amount of foreign taxes paid or deemed paid by that Fund. The Fund provides no assurance that it will be eligible to make this election. However, if this election is made, a shareholder generally subject to tax will be required to include in gross income (in addition to taxable dividends actually received) its pro rata share of the foreign taxes paid by the Fund, and may be entitled either to deduct (as an itemized deduction) his or her pro rata share of foreign taxes in computing his taxable income or to use it (subject to limitations) as a foreign tax credit against his or her U.S. federal income tax liability. No deduction for foreign taxes may be claimed by a shareholder who does not itemize deductions. Each shareholder will be notified after the close of the Fund’s taxable year whether the foreign taxes paid by the Fund will “pass-through” for that year. Various other limitations, including a minimum holding period requirement, apply to limit the credit and/or deduction for foreign taxes for purposes of regular federal tax and/or alternative minimum tax.

- 54

 

Investment in Commodity-Related Derivatives

 

The Fund may gain commodity exposure through investment in exchange traded funds that are treated as RICs or “qualified publicly traded partnerships” or grantor trusts for U.S. federal income tax purposes. An exchange traded fund that seeks to qualify as a RIC may gain commodity exposure through investment in commodity-linked notes and in subsidiaries that invest in commodity-linked instruments. The IRS issued a revenue ruling in late 2005 which concluded that income and gain from certain commodity-linked swaps and commodity-linked derivatives is not qualifying income under Subchapter M of the Code. However, in a subsequent revenue ruling issued in 2006, the IRS indicated that income from alternative investment instruments (such as certain structured notes) that create commodity exposure may be considered qualifying income under the Code. Future IRS guidance could limit the ability of an exchange traded fund that qualifies as a RIC to gain commodity exposure regardless of whether that exchange traded fund previously received a favorable IRS private letter ruling with respect to such investment activity.

 

Investments by the Fund in “qualified publicly traded partnerships” and grantor trusts that engage in commodity trading must be monitored and limited so as to enable the Fund to satisfy certain asset diversification and qualifying income tests for qualification as a RIC. Failure to satisfy either test would jeopardize the Fund’s status as a RIC. Loss of such status could materially adversely affect the Fund.

 

Interest Expense

 

Under recently issued Treasury regulations, certain distributions reported by the Fund as section 163(j) interest dividends may be treated as interest income by shareholders for purposes of the tax rules applicable to interest expense limitations under Code section 163(j). Such treatment by the shareholder is generally subject to holding period requirements and other potential limitations, although the holding period requirements are generally not applicable to dividends declared by money market funds and certain other funds that declare dividends daily and pay such dividends on a monthly or more frequent basis. The amount that the Fund is eligible to report as a Section 163(j) dividend for a tax year is generally limited to the excess (if any) of the Fund’s business interest income over the sum of the Fund’s (i) business interest expense and (ii) other deductions properly allocable to the Fund’s business interest income.

- 55

 

Sale, Exchange or Redemption of Shares and Creation Units

 

The sale or exchange of Shares or redemption of Creation Units may give rise to a gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount received for the shares or units and the shareholder’s tax basis in the shares or units. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of Shares or redemption of Creation Units will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the Shares have been held for more than one year. Otherwise, the gain or loss on such transactions will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. A loss realized on a sale, exchange, or redemption of Shares or Creation Units of the Fund may be disallowed if other substantially identical securities are acquired (whether through the automatic reinvestment of dividends or otherwise) within a sixty-one (61) day period beginning thirty (30) days before and ending thirty (30) days after the date on which the Shares or Creation Units are disposed of. In such a case, the basis of the newly acquired securities must be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss. Any loss upon the sale or exchange of Shares or the redemption of Creation Units held for six (6) months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of any capital gain dividends received by the shareholders (including undistributed capital gain included in income). The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Distribution of ordinary income and capital gains may also be subject to state and local taxes.

 

An authorized participant who exchanges equity securities for Creation Units generally will recognize a capital gain or a loss equal to the difference between the market value of the Creation Units at the time of the exchange and the exchanger’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered and the Cash Component paid.

 

Information Reporting 

 

The Fund or a broker or other intermediary may be required to report to you and the IRS annually on Form 1099-B the gross proceeds of Fund Shares you sell or redeem, whether your holding period in these shares was short-term or long term, and your cost basis in such share. Shareholders should contact their intermediaries with respect to reporting of cost basis and available elections with respect to their accounts.

 

Foreign Shareholders

 

For purposes of this discussion, the term “Foreign Shareholders” are owner of beneficial interests in Shares that are foreign persons, including: (i) individuals classified as nonresident aliens for U.S. tax purposes, (ii) foreign trusts (i.e., trusts other than a trust with respect to which a U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision over administration of that trust and one or more U.S. persons have authority to control substantial decisions of that trust), (iii) foreign estates (i.e., an estate the income of which is not subject to U.S. tax on its foreign-source income), and (iv) foreign corporations (i.e., entities classified as corporations for U.S. tax purposes other than an entity organized under the laws of the United States or any state). If a partnership (including for this purpose any entity, whether domestic or foreign, that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) is a beneficial owner of shares, the tax treatment of the partnership and partners in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partners and the partnership. Partnerships that own, or are considering the purchase of shares of, the Fund should consult their tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of shares of the Fund.

- 56

 

U.S. Withholding Requirements Generally

 

Subject to the exceptions described below, distributions made to Foreign Shareholders of the Fund will be subject to non-refundable federal income tax withholding at a 30% rate (or such lower rate provided under an applicable income tax treaty) even if they are funded by income or gains (such as portfolio interest, short-term capital gains, or foreign-source dividend and interest income) that, if paid to a foreign person directly, would not be subject to withholding. If any distribution made by the Fund is “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business (or, if an applicable income tax treaty so requires, is attributable to a permanent establishment) of the recipient Foreign Shareholder, federal income tax withholding generally applicable to Foreign Shareholders will not apply provided that the shareholder provides the Fund with proper document (generally on a Form W-8ECI) certifying its eligibility for such treatment, and the distribution will be subject to the tax, withholding, and reporting requirements generally applicable to U.S. Shareholders, and an additional branch profits tax may apply if the Foreign Shareholder is a foreign corporation.

 

Short-Term Capital Gain Dividends

 

If a Foreign Shareholder timely furnishes valid tax documentation on the appropriate Form W-8 certifying its non-U.S. status, short-term capital gain dividends properly reported by the Fund to shareholders as paid from its net short-term capital gains in excess of the Fund’s net long-term capital losses, other than short-term capital gains realized on disposition of U.S. real property interests (see the discussion below under “Redemptions and Capital Gain Dividends”) , will not be subject to U.S. withholding tax unless the shareholder is a nonresident alien individual present in the United States for periods aggregating 183 days or more during the taxable year of the dividend and certain other conditions apply.

 

Interest-Related Dividends

 

If a Foreign Shareholder timely furnishes valid tax documentation on the appropriate Form W-8 certifying its non-U.S. status, dividends properly reported by the Fund to shareholders as interest-related dividends and paid from its net “qualified interest income” generally will not be subject to U.S. withholding tax. “Qualified interest income” includes, in general, the sum of Foreign Shareholder’s U.S. source: (i) bank deposit interest, (ii) short-term original issue discount (payable 183 days or less from the date of its original issuance), (iii) interest on obligations in registered form that qualifies as “portfolio interest,” and (iv) any interest-related dividend passed through from another RIC, in each case in excess of expenses allocable to the interest income. However, with respect to clauses (iii) and (iv), the Fund’s interest-related dividends paid to a Foreign Shareholder are subject to U.S. taxation to the extent attributable to interest received by the Fund on indebtedness issued by (a) the Foreign Shareholder, (b) any corporation or partnership of which the Foreign Shareholder is a 10 percent owner, or (c) a person related to the Foreign Shareholder if the Foreign Shareholder is a controlled foreign corporation. In addition, dividends do not qualify as interest-related dividends if paid to Foreign Shareholders in countries for certain periods during which the Secretary of the Treasury determines that there is inadequate information exchange between such country and the United States to prevent the evasion of U.S. income tax by a U.S. person.

- 57

 

Shares Held Through an Intermediary

 

Where shares of Foreign Shareholder are held through an intermediary, even if the Fund reports a distribution in a manner described above, no assurance can be made that the intermediary will respect such a designation. Foreign Shareholders should contact their intermediaries regarding the application of these rules to their accounts. In addition, the foregoing exemptions from U.S. withholding tax do not apply to withholding required under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“FATCA”), described under the discussion below under “Foreign Accounts.

 

Redemptions and Capital Gain Dividends

 

In general, a Foreign Shareholder’s capital gains realized on the redemption or other disposition of shares of the Fund or from capital gain dividends are not subject to federal income or withholding tax, provided that the Fund obtains a properly completed and signed certificate of foreign status, unless: (i) such gains or distributions are effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business (or, if an applicable income tax treaty so requires, are attributable to a permanent establishment) of the Foreign Shareholder, (ii) in the case of an individual Foreign Shareholder, the shareholder is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the disposition of Fund shares or the receipt of capital gain dividends and certain other conditions are met, or (iii) the Fund is a “qualified investment entity.” A RIC is a “qualified investment entity” if it either is a “U.S. real property holding corporation” (a “USRPHC) or would be a USRPHC but for the application of certain exceptions to the definition thereof. A USRPHC is a domestic corporation that holds U.S. real property interests (“USRPIs”) the fair market value of which equals or exceeds 50% of the sum of the fair market values of the corporation’s interests in real property and trade or business assets. USRPIs generally include any interest in U.S. real property and any interest (other than solely as a creditor) in a domestic corporation that was a USRPHC in the preceding five years (or during the shareholder’s holding period in shares of the USRPHC, if shorter).

 

If a Foreign Shareholder is subject to tax for the reason identified in clause (i), above, the tax, withholding, and reporting requirements applicable to U.S. Shareholders generally will apply to the Foreign Shareholder and an additional branch profits tax may apply if the Foreign Shareholder is a foreign corporation. If clause (i) is inapplicable but clause (ii), above, applies, such gains and distributions will be subject to federal income tax at a 30% rate (or such lower rate provided under an applicable income tax treaty). If clause (iii), above, applies, any distributions by the Fund to a Foreign Shareholder (including, in certain cases, distributions made by the Fund in redemption of its shares) attributable to gains realized by the Fund on the disposition of USRPIs or attributable to certain distributions received by the Fund from a lower-tier RIC or real estate investment trust, would be subject to U.S. tax withholding. In addition, such distributions could result in the Foreign Shareholder being required to file a U.S. income tax return and pay tax on the distributions at regular U.S. federal income tax rates. The consequences to a Foreign Shareholder, including the rate of withholding and the character of such distributions (e.g., as ordinary income or capital gain), would depend upon the extent of the Foreign Shareholder’s current and past ownership of the Fund. In addition, if the Fund were a USRPHC or former USRPHC, it could, in certain circumstances. be required to withhold U.S. tax on the proceeds of a share redemption by a greater-than-5% Foreign Shareholder, in which case such Foreign Shareholder generally would also be required to file U.S. tax returns and pay any additional taxes due in connection with the redemption.

- 58

 

Whether or not Foreign Shareholder is characterized as a “qualified investment entity” will depend upon the nature and mix of the Fund’s assets. The Fund does not expect to be a qualified investment entity. Foreign Shareholders should consult their tax advisors concerning the application of these rules to their investment in the Fund.

 

Other Withholding Rules

 

In general, a Foreign Shareholder that intends to qualify for a lower rate of withholding under an applicable U.S. income tax treaty must provide the Fund with proper document (generally on a Form W-8BEN) certifying its eligibility for treaty relief. Foreign shareholders should consult their tax advisers in this regard.

 

Distributions and redemption proceeds paid or credited to a Foreign Shareholder are generally exempt from backup withholding. However, a Foreign Shareholder may be required to establish that exemption by providing certification of foreign status on an appropriate Form W-8.

 

Foreign Accounts

 

Under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (or “FATCA”), foreign financial institutions as defined by FATCA (“FFIs”) or non-financial foreign entities as defined by FATCA (“NFFEs”) that are shareholders of the Fund may be subject to a 30% withholding tax on: (1) income dividends paid by the Fund, and (2) certain capital gain distributions and the proceeds of a sale of Fund shares. The FATCA withholding tax generally may be avoided: (a) by a FFI, if it reports certain direct and indirect ownership of foreign financial accounts held by U.S. persons with the FFI, and (b) by a NFFE, if it: (i) certifies that is has no substantial U.S. persons as owners or (ii) agrees to report information relating to them to the withholding agent (which may be the Fund). The U.S. Treasury has negotiated intergovernmental agreements (each, an “IGA”) with certain countries and is in various stages of negotiations with other foreign countries with respect to one or more alternative approaches to implement FATCA. An entity in one of those countries may be required to comply with the terms of an IGA and applicable local law instead of U.S. Treasury regulations.

 

A FFI can avoid FATCA withholding by becoming a “participating FFI,” which requires the FFI to enter into a tax compliance agreement with the IRS under section 1471(b) of the Code under which it agrees to verify, report and disclose certain of its U.S. accountholders and provided that such entity meets certain other specified requirements. The FFI will report to the IRS, or, depending on the FFI’s country of residence, to the government of that country (pursuant to the terms and conditions of an applicable IGA and applicable law), which will, in turn, report to the IRS. A FFI that is resident in a country that has entered into an IGA with the U.S. to implement FATCA will be exempt from FATCA withholding provided that the FFI shareholder and the applicable foreign government comply with the terms of such agreement.

- 59

 

A NFFE that is the beneficial owner of a payment from the Fund can avoid FATCA withholding generally by certifying that it does not have any substantial U.S. owners or by providing the name, address and taxpayer identification number of each substantial U.S. owner. The NFFE will report to the Fund or other applicable withholding agent, which will, in turn, report information to the IRS.

 

Such Foreign Shareholders also may fall into certain exempt, excepted or deemed compliant categories as established by U.S. Treasury regulations, IGAs, and other guidance regarding FATCA. An FFI or NFFE that invests in the Fund will need to provide the Fund with documentation properly certifying the entity’s status under FATCA in order to avoid FATCA withholding. The requirements imposed by FATCA are different from, and in addition to, the U.S. certification rules to avoid backup withholding described above.

 

Backup Withholding

 

Some shareholders may be subject to a withholding tax on distributions of ordinary income, capital gains and any cash received on redemption of Creation Units (“backup withholding”). Generally, shareholders subject to backup withholding will be those for whom no certified taxpayer identification number is on file with the Fund or who, to the Fund’s knowledge, have furnished an incorrect number. Foreign Shareholders and those who have underreported dividend or interest income may also be subject to backup withholding. When establishing an account, an investor must certify under penalty of perjury that such number is correct and that such investor is not otherwise subject to backup withholding. Any tax withheld as a result of backup withholding does not constitute an additional tax imposed on the record owner of the account and may be claimed as a credit on the record owner’s federal income tax return. The backup withholding rate is 24% before January 1, 2026.

 

The 2017 Tax Act

 

The 2017 Tax Act substantially altered the U.S. federal income tax rules. Among many other tax changes introduced by the 2017 Act, the 2017 Act changed marginal income tax rates applicable to individuals and other– taxpayers. Most of the changes applicable to individuals are temporary and apply only to taxable years beginning before January 1, 2026. The 2017 Tax Act did not change the maximum federal income tax rates that apply to long-term capital gains recognized by non-corporate taxpayers.

 

Other Tax Matters

 

Special tax rules apply to investments by tax-exempt entities and through defined-contribution plans and other tax-advantaged plans. Shareholders should consult their tax advisor to determine the suitability of Shares as an investment through such entities or plans and the precise effect of an investment in the Fund would have on their particular tax situation.

 

The foregoing discussion relates solely to U.S. federal income tax law. Dividends and distributions also may be subject to state and local taxes. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding specific questions as to U.S. federal, state, local and, where applicable, foreign taxes. Foreign investors should consult their tax advisers concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences of ownership of shares of the Fund and for more information on the certification and filing requirements imposed on foreign investors in order to qualify for exemption from the backup withholding tax rates (or a reduced rate of withholding provided by treaty).

- 60

 

The foregoing discussion is a summary only and is not intended as a substitute for careful tax planning. Prospective purchasers of Shares should consult their own tax advisors as to the tax consequences of investing in such Shares, including under federal, state, local and other tax laws. Finally, the foregoing discussion is based on applicable provisions of the Code, regulations, judicial authority and administrative interpretations in effect on the date hereof. Changes in applicable authority could materially affect the conclusions discussed above, possibly retroactively.

 

DETERMINATION OF NAV

 

The following is a description of the procedures used by the Fund in valuing its assets. For the purpose of pricing purchase and redemption orders, the net asset value per share of the Fund is determined once daily as of the close of regularly scheduled trading on the NYSE (normally, 4:00 p.m. Eastern time). The Fund’s net asset value is calculated on each day that the NYSE is open for trading, i.e., Monday through Friday, except for New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day, and the preceding Friday or subsequent Monday when one of those holidays falls on a Saturday or Sunday, respectively.

 

In calculating net asset value, portfolio securities listed or traded on national securities exchanges for which market quotations are available are valued at the official closing price. If there is no official closing price, the securities are valued at the mean of the last bid and ask price which represents the current value of the security.

 

Securities that are primarily traded on foreign exchanges generally are valued at the preceding closing values of such securities on their respective exchanges, except that when an occurrence subsequent to the time a value was so established is likely to have changed such value, then the fair value of those securities will be determined by consideration of other factors by or under the direction of the Trust’s Board or its delegates. In valuing assets, prices denominated in foreign currencies are converted to U.S. dollar equivalents at the current exchange rate. Securities may be valued by independent pricing services which use prices provided by market-makers or estimates of market values obtained from yield data relating to instruments or securities with similar characteristics. In certain circumstances, bid and ask prices may be obtained from (i) a broker/dealer specified and deemed reliable by the Adviser, (ii) pink sheets, yellow sheets or the blue list, or (iii) a pricing agent that obtains quotations from broker/dealers or evaluates the value of the respective bid and ask prices. All other securities and other assets of the Fund will be valued at fair value as determined in good faith pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board. Valuing securities at fair value involves greater reliance on judgment than valuation of securities based on readily available market quotations.

- 61

 

DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS

 

The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes.”

 

General Policies. Dividends from the Fund’s net investment income, if any, are declared and paid annually. Distributions of net realized securities gains, if any, generally are declared and paid once a year, but the Trust may make distributions on a more frequent basis. The Trust reserves the right to declare special distributions if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve the status of the Fund as a RIC or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income.

 

Dividends and other distributions on Fund Shares are distributed, as described below, on a pro rata basis to Beneficial Owners of such Shares. Dividend payments are made through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants to Beneficial Owners then of record with proceeds received from the Fund.

 

Dividend Reinvestment Service. No reinvestment service is provided by the Trust. Broker-dealers may make available the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service for use by Beneficial Owners of the Fund for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. Beneficial Owners should contact their broker to determine the availability and costs of the service and the details of participation therein. Brokers may require Beneficial Owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables.

 

INDICATIVE INTRA-DAY VALUE

 

The approximate value of the Fund’s investments on a per-Share basis, the Indicative Intra-Day Value (“IIV”), is disseminated by the Fund’s listing Exchange every 15 seconds during hours of trading on the Exchange. The IIV should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of NAV because the IIV will be calculated by an independent third party calculator and may not be calculated in the exact same manner as NAV, which is computed daily.

 

The Exchange calculates the IIV during hours of trading on the Exchange by dividing the “Estimated Fund Value” as of the time of the calculation by the total number of outstanding Shares. “Estimated Fund Value” is the sum of the estimated amount of cash held in the Fund’s portfolio and the estimated value of the securities held in the Fund’s portfolio. In determining the estimated value for each of the component securities, the IIV will use last sale, market prices or other methods that would be considered appropriate for pricing equity securities held by registered investment companies. This may result in the use of stale values in certain circumstances that might adversely affect the usefulness of IIV as an indicator of the underlying value of the Fund’s Actual Portfolio. Although the Fund provides the independent third party calculator with information to calculate the IIV, the Fund is not involved in the actual calculation of the IIV and is not responsible for the calculation or dissemination of the IIV. The Fund makes no warranty as to the accuracy of the IIV.

- 62

 

OTHER INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND

 

Custodian. [_____________], located at [_____________], serves as the custodian for the Funds (the “Custodian”).

 

Transfer Agent. [_____________], located at [_____________], serves as transfer agent for the Funds (the “Transfer Agent”).

 

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. [_____________], located at [_____________], serves as the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm.

 

Counsel. Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP, located at 1550 17th Street, Suite 500, Denver, Colorado 80202 serves as counsel to the Trust. Thompson Hine LLP, located at 41 South High Street, Columbus, Ohio 43215, serves as counsel to the Independent Trustees.

 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

As of the date of this SAI, the Fund has not commenced investment operations. When available, you can obtain copies of the Fund’s Annual Report and Semi-Annual Report at no charge by writing or telephoning the Fund at the address or number on the front page of this SAI.

- 63

 

APPENDIX  A

 

[Proxy Voting Policy, Procedures and Guidelines – To Be Added]

 

A-1

 

 

 

 

PART C. OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 28. Exhibits
   
(a) (1) Declaration of Trust of Registrant.(2)
     
  (2) Certificate of Trust of Registrant, as filed with the State of Delaware on January 12, 2012.(2)
     
  (3) Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Trust of Registrant, as filed with the State of Delaware on May 18, 2012.(2)
     
  (4) Amendment to Declaration of Trust, effective as of December 14, 2020.(30)
     
(b)   Bylaws of Registrant.(1)
     
(c)   Provisions of instruments defining rights of security holders are contained in Articles 4 and 7 of the Declaration of Trust (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(1) of this filing).
     
(d) (1) Investment Advisory Agreement dated July 15, 2015 between Registrant and DDJ Capital Management, LLC with respect to the DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund.(15)
     
  (2) Investment Advisory Agreement dated February 13, 2019 between Registrant and Clarkston Capital Partners, LLC with respect to the Clarkston Partners Fund, Clarkston Founders Fund and the Clarkston Fund.(28)
     
  (3) Investment Advisory Agreement dated October 2, 2017 between Registrant and Beacon Investment Advisory Services, Inc. with respect to the Beacon Accelerated Return Strategy Fund and the Beacon Planned Return Strategy Fund.(20)
     
  (4) Investment Advisory Agreement dated September 10, 2018 between Registrant and Seven Canyons Advisors, LLC with respect to the Seven Canyons Strategic Global Fund (f/k/a the Seven Canyons Strategic Income Fund) and the Seven Canyons World Innovators Fund.(25)
     
  (5) Investment Advisory Agreement dated September 23, 2019 between Registrant and Carret Asset Management, LLC with respect to the Carret Kansas Tax-Exempt Bond Fund.(28)
     
  (6) Investment Advisory Agreement dated January 12, 2021 between Registrant and Hillman Capital Management, Inc. with respect to the Hillman Value Fund.(33)
     
  (7) Investment Advisory Agreement dated [________________] between Registrant and Seven Canyons Advisors, LLC with respect to the Seven Canyons Small Cap Growth Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).
     
  (8) Investment Advisory Agreement dated [________________] between Registrant and Andurand Capital Management Ltd. with respect to the Andurand Energy Transition Strategy ETF (to be filed by subsequent amendment).
     
(e) (1) Distribution Agreement dated April 16, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the funds listed in Appendix A.(22)
     
  (2) Amendment to Distribution Agreement dated May 4, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the funds listed in Appendix A.(22)

 

 

 

  (3) Amendment No. 2 to Distribution Agreement dated September 24, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc.(26)
     
  (4) Amendment No. 3 to Distribution Agreement dated October 18, 2019 between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the funds listed in Appendix A.(28)
     
  (5) Amendment No. 4 to Distribution Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the funds listed in Appendix A.(32)
     
  (6) Amendment No. 5 to Distribution Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the funds listed in Appendix A (to be filed by subsequent amendment).
     
  (7) Form of Broker Dealer Selling Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and Broker/Dealer.(33)
     
  (8) Form of Shareholder Servicing Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and servicing firm.(33)
     
  (9) Form of Fund/SERV Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and servicing firm.(33)
     
  (10) Form of NETWORKING Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and servicing firm.(33)
     
  (11) Authorized Participant Agreement (to be filed by subsequent amendment).
     
(f)   None.
     
(g) (1) Amended and Restated Global Custody Agreement For Foreign and Domestic Securities dated January 23, 2020, between Registrant and MUFG Union Bank, National Association (f/k/a Union Bank, N.A.).(28)
     
  (2)

Assignment of Custody Agreement dated July 14, 2021, among Registrant, MUFG Union Bank, National Association and U.S. Bank, N.A. (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

 

  (3) Custody Agreement dated October 2, 2017 between Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association with respect to the Beacon Accelerated Return Strategy Fund and the Beacon Planned Return Strategy Fund.(20)
     
  (4) Custody Agreement dated September 7, 2018 between Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company with respect to the Seven Canyons Strategic Global Fund (f/k/a the Seven Canyons Strategic Income Fund) and the Seven Canyons World Innovators Fund.(25)
     
  (5) Custody Agreement dated March 15, 2021 between Registrant and UMB Bank, N.A. with respect to the Hillman Value Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).
     
  (6) Additional Series Letter to Custody Agreement dated [_____________] between Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company with respect to the Seven Canyons Small Cap Growth Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).
     
  (7) Updated Fee Schedule to the Custody Agreement dated April 1, 2021 between Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

 

 

 

  (8)     Custody Agreement dated [________________] between Registrant and [_____________] with respect to the Andurand Energy Transition Strategy ETF (to be filed by subsequent amendment).
     
(h) (1) Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated September 8, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Clarkston Partners Fund and the Clarkston Fund.(16)
     
  (2) Amendment dated April 26, 2016 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Clarkston Founders Fund.(18)

 

  (3) Supplement dated February 1, 2018 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated September 8, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Clarkston Partners Fund, Clarkston Fund and Clarkston Founders Fund.(27)
     
  (4)

Amendment No. 2 dated February 18, 2021 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Clarkston Founders Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

 

  (5) Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated July 15, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund.(15)
     
  (6) Supplement dated February 1, 2018 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated July 15, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund.(27)
     
  (7) Amendment dated March 24, 2018 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated July 15, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund.(27)
     
  (8) Amendment dated November 19, 2020 to Transfer Agency and Services Agreement dated July 15, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund. (30)
 

 

(9)

 

Amendment No. 3 dated February 18, 2021 to Transfer Agency and Services Agreement dated July 15, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

     
  (10) Transfer Agency and Services Agreement dated October 2, 2017 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Beacon Accelerated Return Strategy Fund and the Beacon Planned Return Strategy Fund.(20)
     
  (11) Supplement dated February 1, 2018 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated October 2, 2017 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Beacon Accelerated Return Strategy Fund and the Beacon Planned Return Strategy Fund.(27)
 

 

(12)

 

Amendment No.1 dated February 18, 2021 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated October 2, 2017 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Beacon Accelerated Return Strategy Fund and the Beacon Planned Return Strategy Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

 

 

 

  (13) Transfer Agency and Services Agreement dated September 10, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seven Canyons Strategic Global Fund (f/k/a the Seven Canyons Strategic Income Fund) and the Seven Canyons World Innovators Fund.(25)
     
  (14) Amendment dated November 19, 2020 to Transfer Agency and Services Agreement dated September 10, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seven Canyons Strategic Global Fund (f/k/a as the Seven Canyons Strategic Income Fund) and the Seven Canyons World Innovators Fund. (30)
     
  (15)

Form of Amendment No. 3 dated November 19, 2021 to Transfer Agency and Services Agreement dated September 10, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seven Canyons Strategic Global Fund (f/k/a the Seven Canyons Strategic Income Fund) and the Seven Canyons World Innovators Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

 

  (16) Amendment to Transfer Agency and Services Agreement dated [___________] between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seven Canyons Small Cap Growth Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).
     
  (17)

Transfer Agency and Services Agreement dated September 24, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Carret Kansas Tax-Exempt Bond Fund.(26)

 

  (18)

Amendment No. 1 dated February 18, 2021 to the Transfer Agency and Services Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Carret Kansas Tax-Exempt Bond Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

 

  (19) Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated [_________________] between Registrant and [__________________] with respect to the Andurand Energy Transition Strategy ETF (to be filed by subsequent amendment).
     
  (20) Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated July 15, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect the DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund.(15)

 

  (21) Amendment dated March 24, 2018 to Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated July 15, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect the DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund.(27)

 

  (22) Amendment dated August 23, 2018 to Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated July 15, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect the DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund.(26)
 

 

(23)

 

Amendment No. 3 dated July 3, 2020 to Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated July 15, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect the DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

 

 

(24)

 

Amendment No. 4 dated February 18, 2021 to Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated July 15, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect the DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

     

 

 

 

  (25) Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated September 8, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect the Clarkston Partners Fund and the Clarkston Fund.(16)
     
  (26) Amendment dated April 26, 2016 to Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Clarkston Founders Fund.(18)
     
  (27) Amendment dated August 23, 2018 to Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated September 8, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect the Clarkston Partners Fund and the Clarkston Fund.(26)
 

 

(28)

 

Amendment No. 3 dated February 18, 2021 to Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated September 8, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect the Clarkston Partners Fund and the Clarkston Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

     
  (29) Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated October 2, 2017 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Beacon Accelerated Return Strategy Fund and the Beacon Planned Return Strategy Fund.(20)
     
  (30) Amendment dated August 23, 2018 to Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated October 2, 2017 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Beacon Accelerated Return Strategy Fund and the Beacon Planned Return Strategy Fund.(26)
 

 

(31)

 

Amendment No. 2 dated February 18, 2021 to Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated October 2, 2017 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Beacon Accelerated Return Strategy Fund and the Beacon Planned Return Strategy Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

     
  (32) Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement between dated September 10, 2018 Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seven Canyons Strategic Global Fund (f/k/a the Seven Canyons Strategic Income Fund) and the Seven Canyons World Innovators Fund.(25)
     
  (33)

Amendment to Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated [_____________] between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seven Canyons Small Cap Growth Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

 

  (34) Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated September 24, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Carret Kansas Tax-Exempt Bond Fund. (26)
 

 

(35)

 

Amendment No. 1 dated February 18, 2021 to Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated September 24, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Carret Kansas Tax-Exempt Bond Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

     

 

 

 

  (36) Services Agreement dated [_____________________] between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Andurand Energy Transition Strategy ETF (to be filed by subsequent amendment).
     
  (37) Master Report Modernization Addendum dated March 20, 2020 to Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement between the Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Carret Kansas Tax-Exempt Bond Fund, Beacon Accelerated Return Strategy Fund, Beacon Planned Return Strategy Fund, DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund, Seven Canyons Strategic Global Fund (f/k/a the Seven Canyons Strategic Income Fund), Seven Canyons World Innovators Fund, Clarkston Fund, Clarkston Founders Fund and Clarkston Partners Fund.(29)

 

  (38) Master Liquidity Risk Management Addendum for Trust dated October 31, 2019 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Clarkston Founders Fund, the Clarkston Partners Fund and the Clarkston Fund.(28)
 

 

(39)

 

Amendment No. 1 to the Master Liquidity Risk Management Addendum for Trust dated February 18, 2021 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Clarkston Founders Fund, the Clarkston Partners Fund and the Clarkston Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

     
  (40) Services Agreement among Registrant, ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and DST Systems, Inc. dated March 18, 2021 with respect to the Hillman Value Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

 

  (41) Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated July 15, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund.(15)
     
  (42) Amendment dated March 24, 2018 to Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated July 15, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund.(27)
     
  (43) Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated September 8, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Clarkston Partners Fund and the Clarkston Fund.(16)
     
  (44) Amendment dated April 26, 2016 to Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated September 8, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Clarkston Founders Fund.(18)
     
  (45) Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated October 2, 2017 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Beacon Accelerated Return Strategy Fund and the Beacon Planned Return Strategy Fund.(20)
     
  (46) Amendment dated January 4, 2018 to Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated October 2, 2017 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Beacon Accelerated Return Strategy Fund and the Beacon Planned Return Strategy Fund.(21)
     
  (47) Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated September 10, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seven Canyons Strategic Global Fund (f/k/a the Seven Canyons Strategic Income Fund) and the Seven Canyons World Innovators Fund.(25)
     

 

 

 

  (48) Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated September 24, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Carret Kansas Tax-Exempt Bond Fund.(26)
     
  (49) Amendment No. 1 dated October 17, 2019 to the Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Carret Kansas Tax-Exempt Bond Fund.(28)
     
  (50) Amendment to Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated [_________________] between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seven Canyons Small Cap Growth Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

 

  (51) Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated January 7, 2021 between Registrant and DDJ Capital Management, LLC with respect to the DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund. (32)
     
  (52) Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated January 7, 2021 between Registrant and Clarkston Capital Partners, LLC with respect to the Clarkston Partners Fund, the Clarkston Fund and the Clarkston Founders Fund. (32)
     
  (53) Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated February 1, 2021 between Registrant and Clarkston Capital Partners, LLC with respect to the Founders Class of the Clarkston Founders Fund. (34)

 

  (54) Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated January 7, 2021 between Registrant and Beacon Investment Advisory Services, Inc. with respect to the Beacon Accelerated Return Strategy Fund and the Beacon Planned Return Strategy Fund. (32).
     
  (55) Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated January 7, 2021 between Registrant and Seven Canyons Advisors, LLC with respect to the Seven Canyons Strategic Global Fund (f/k/a the Seven Canyons Strategic Income Fund) and the Seven Canyons World Innovators Fund. (32)
     
  (56) Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated [________________] between Registrant and Seven Canyons Advisors, LLC with respect to the Seven Canyons Small Cap Growth Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).
     
  (57) Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated January 7, 2021 between Registrant and Carret Asset Management, LLC with respect to the Carret Kansas Tax-Exempt Bond Fund. (32)
     
  (58) Amended and Restated Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated January 12, 2021 between Registrant and Hillman Capital Management, Inc. with respect to the Hillman Value Fund. (33)
     
  (59) Special Custody and Pledge Agreement dated August 15. 2020 between Registrant, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, Beacon Investment Advisory Services, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association with respect to the Beacon Accelerated Return Strategy Fund and Beacon Planned Return Strategy Fund. (29)
     
(i) (1) Opinion of Davis Graham and Stubbs LLP, counsel to Registrant, as to legality of shares of the Beacon Accelerated Return Strategy Fund, Beacon Planned Return Strategy Fund, Carret Kansas Tax-Exempt Bond Fund, Clarkston Partners Fund, Clarkston Fund, Clarkston Founders Fund, DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund, Seven Canyons World Innovators Fund, Seven Canyons Strategic Global Fund (f/k/a the Seven Canyons Strategic Income Fund) and Hillman Value Fund (32)
     

 

 

 

 (j) (1) Consent of Cohen & Company, LLC, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, with respect to Beacon Accelerated Return Strategy Fund, Beacon Planned Return Strategy Fund, DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund, Clarkston Partners Fund, Clarkston Fund, Clarkston Founders Fund, Seven Canyons Strategic Global Fund (f/k/a Seven Canyons Strategic Income Fund), Seven Canyons World Innovators Fund, Seven Canyons Small Cap Growth Fund, Hillman Value Fund and Carret Kansas Tax-Exempt Bond. (32) 
     
  (2) Consent of Cohen & Company, LLC, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm to Registrant with respect to the Seven Canyons Small Cap Growth Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).
     
  (3) Consent of Cohen & Company, LLC, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm to Registrant with respect to the Andurand Energy Transition Strategy ETF (to be filed by subsequent amendment).
     
  (4) Consent of BBD, LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm to the Predecessor Fund to the Hillman Value Fund. (33) 
     
  (5) Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm to Registrant (to be filed by subsequent amendment).
     
(k)   None.

 

(l) (1) Share Purchase Agreement dated July 15, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund.(15)

 

  (2) Share Purchase Agreement dated September 8, 2015 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Clarkston Partners Fund and the Clarkston Fund.(16)
     
  (3) Share Purchase Agreement dated April 27, 2016 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Clarkston Founders Fund.(18)
     
  (4) Share Purchase Agreement dated October 2, 2017 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Beacon Accelerated Return Strategy Fund and the Beacon Planned Return Strategy Fund.(20)
     
  (5) Share Purchase Agreement dated September 10, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seven Canyons Strategic Global Fund (f/k/a the Seven Canyons Strategic Income Fund) and the Seven Canyons World Innovators Fund.(25)
     
  (6) Share Purchase Agreement dated September 24, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Carret Kansas Tax-Exempt Bond Fund.(26)
     
  (7) Form of Share Purchase Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Hillman Value Fund. (33)
     
  (8) Share Purchase Agreement dated [________________] between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seven Canyons Small Cap Growth Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).
     
  (9) Share Purchase Agreement dated [___________________] between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Andurand Energy Transition Strategy ETF (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

 

 

 

(m) (1) Distribution and Services (12b-1) Plan (Class II) – DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund.(15)
     
  (2) Distribution and Services (12b-1) Plan (Class A) – Carret Kansas Tax-Exempt Bond Fund.(23)
     
  (3) Amended Distribution and Services (12b-1) Plan (Class A) - Carret Kansas Tax-Exempt Bond Fund. (32)
     
  (4) Amended and Restated Shareholder Services Plan (Class I) – DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund.(18)
     
  (5) Amended and Restated Shareholder Services Plan (Class II) – DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund.(18)
     
  (6) Amended and Restated Shareholder Services Plan (Institutional Class) – Clarkston Partners Fund.(18)
     
  (7) Amended and Restated Shareholder Services Plan (Institutional Class) – Clarkston Fund.(18)
     
  (8) Shareholder Services Plan (Institutional Class) – Clarkston Founders Fund.(18)
     
  (9) Shareholder Services Plan (Institutional Class) – Beacon Accelerated Return Strategy Fund and Beacon Planned Return Strategy Fund.(20)

 

  (10) Shareholder Services Plan (Class A) – Carret Kansas Tax-Exempt Bond Fund.(26)

 

(n) (1) Rule 18f-3 Plan – DDJ Opportunistic High Yield Fund.(15)
     
  (2) Rule 18f-3 Plan – Clarkston Partners Fund.(16)
     
  (3) Rule 18f-3 Plan – Clarkston Founders Fund.(30)
     
  (4) Rule 18f-3 Plan – Beacon Accelerated Return Strategy Fund and Beacon Planned Return Strategy Fund.(20)
     
  (5) Rule 18f-3 Plan – Seven Canyons World Innovators Fund.(22)
     
  (6) Rule 18f-3 Plan – Seven Canyons Small Cap Growth Fund.(31)
     
  (7) Rule 18f-3 Plan – Carret Kansas Tax-Exempt Bond Fund.(23)
     
(o)   Reserved
     
(p) (1) Code of Ethics for Registrant, as of October 30, 2012, as amended November 14, 2016.(19)
     
  (2) Code of Ethics for ALPS Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates, including ALPS Distributors, Inc. and ALPS Fund Services, dated May 1, 2010, as amended July 1, 2017.(20)
     
  (3) Code of Ethics for DDJ Capital Management, LLC, dated October 10, 2013.(15)
     
  (4) Code of Ethics for Clarkston Capital Partners, LLC, dated April 29, 2013.(16)
     

 

 

 

  (5) Code of Ethics for Beacon Investment Advisory Services, Inc.(20)
     
  (6) Code of Ethics for Seven Canyons Advisors, LLC.(24)
     
  (7) Code of Ethics for Carret Asset Management, LLC.(23)
     
  (8) Code of Ethics for Hillman Capital Management, Inc.(33)
     
  (9)    Code of Ethics for Andurand Capital Management Ltd. (to be filed by subsequent amendment).
     
(q) (1) Power of Attorney dated November 18, 2021.(filed herewith)

 

(1) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on September 17, 2012.
(2) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 filed on November 19, 2012.
(3) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 filed on December 19, 2012.
(4) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 filed on July 31, 2013.
(5) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 6 filed on September 24, 2013.
(6) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 10 filed on December 16, 2013.
(7) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 11 filed on December 19, 2013.
(8) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 16 filed on February 24, 2014.
(9) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 22 filed on June 30, 2014.
(10) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 26 filed on August 8, 2014.
(11) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 filed on August 29, 2014.
(12) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 32 filed on October 1, 2014.
(13) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 39 filed on January 29, 2015.
(14) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 43 filed on February 27, 2015.
(15) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 47 filed on July 15, 2015.
(16) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 filed on September 8, 2015.
(17) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 filed on January 29, 2016.
(18) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 55 filed on April 26, 2016.
(19) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 57 filed on January 27, 2017.

 

 

 

(20) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 filed on September 29, 2017.
(21) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 63 filed on January 29, 2018.
(22) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 filed on May 24, 2018.
(23) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 filed on June 13, 2018.
(24) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 filed on July 16, 2018.
(25) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 71 filed on September 11, 2018.
(26) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 filed on September 24, 2018.
(27) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 75 filed on January 28, 2019.
(28) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 77 filed on January 28, 2020.
(29) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 78 filed on November 20, 2020
(30) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 80 filed on December 15, 2020.
(31) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 81 filed on December 15, 2020.
(32) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 82 filed on January 28, 2021.
(33) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 84 filed on February 11, 2021.
(34) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 85 filed on February 12, 2021.

 

Item 29. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with the Registrant.

 

Andurand Energy Transition Strategy ETF, a series of the Registrant, wholly owns and controls Andurand Energy Transition CFC Ltd. (the “Subsidiary”), an exempt company organized under the laws of Cayman Islands. The Subsidiary’s financial statements will be included on a consolidated basis in the Andurand Energy Transition Strategy ETF’s annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders.

 

Item 30. Indemnification.

 

As permitted by Section 17(h) and (i) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), and pursuant to Article 8 of the Registrant’s Declaration of Trust (Exhibit (a)(1) to the Registration Statement) and Section 7 of the Distribution Agreement (Exhibit (e)(1)) to the Registration Statement), officers, trustees, employees and agents of the Registrant will not be liable to the Registrant, any shareholder, officer, trustee, employee, agent or other person for any action or failure to act, except for bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of duties, and those individuals may be indemnified against liabilities in connection with the Registrant, subject to the same exceptions.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant understands that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

 

 

The Registrant has purchased an insurance policy insuring its officers and trustees against liabilities, and certain costs of defending claims against such officers and trustees, to the extent such officers and trustees are not found to have committed conduct constituting willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard in the performance of their duties. The insurance policy also insures the Registrant against the cost of indemnification payments to officers under certain circumstances.

 

The Registrant hereby undertakes that it will apply the indemnification provisions of its Declaration of Trust and Distribution Agreement in a manner consistent with Release No. 11330 of the Securities and Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act so long as the interpretations of Section 17(h) and 17(i) of such Act remain in effect and are consistently applied.

 

Item 31. Business and Other Connections of Investment Advisers and Investment Sub-Advisers.

 

DDJ CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, LLC

 

Name*

Position with DDJ

Capital Management, LLC

Other Business Connections Type of Business
David J. Breazzano President and Chief Investment Officer None N/A
John F. O’Connor Senior Vice President, Head of Business Development and Client Service None N/A
John J. Russell Chief Financial Officer None N/A
Joshua L. McCarthy General Counsel and Chief Compliance Officer None N/A
John W. Sherman Co-Portfolio Manager / Assistant Portfolio Manager None (other than serving as a director on the board of a portfolio company in which certain funds and/or accounts managed or advised by DDJ Capital Management, LLC have invested) N/A
Benjamin J. Santonelli Portfolio Manager / Co-Portfolio Manager None (other than serving as a director on the board of a portfolio company in which certain funds and/or accounts managed or advised by DDJ Capital Management, LLC have invested) N/A

 

* The principal business address for each of the DDJ Capital Management, LLC representatives is 130 Turner Street, Building 3, Suite 600, Waltham, Massachusetts 02543.

 

 

 

CLARKSTON CAPITAL PARTNERS, LLC

 

Name *

Position with Clarkston

Capital Partners, LLC

Other Business Connections Type of Business
Jeffrey A. Hakala Manager; Chief Executive Officer and Co-Chief Investment Officer Director, Wright & Filippis, Inc.; Director and Audit Committee Member, Waterford Bancorp; Director, Conifer Holdings, Inc.; Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and President, Clarkston Companies, Inc.; Manager, Clarkston 91 West LLC Healthcare Services; Bank Holding Company; Insurance; Investment Adviser Holding Company; Real Estate Holding Company
Gerald W. Hakala Manager; Managing Director, Clarkston Capital, and Co-Chief Investment Officer Director, Wright & Filippis, Inc.; Executive Vice President, Clarkston Companies, Inc.; Manager, Clarkston 91 West LLC Healthcare Services; Investment Adviser Holding Company; Real Estate Holding Company
Jeremy J. Modell Manager; Managing Director, Clarkston Private Client Manager, Modell Capital LLC; Manager, Clarkston 91 West LLC Investment Adviser Holding Company; Real Estate Holding Company
Salvatore F. Gianino Secretary, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer Director, Waterford Bancorp; Advisory Board Member, Century Equipment Company; Executive Vice President, Clarkston Companies, Inc. Bank Holding Company; Equipment Distributor; Investment Adviser Holding Company
Amy D. Eisenbeis General Counsel and Chief Compliance Officer None N/A
Kevin R. Kuhl Chief Operating Officer None N/A

 

* The principal business address for each of the Clarkston Capital Partners, LLC executive officers is 91 West Long Lake Road, Bloomfield Hills, MI 48304.

 

BEACON INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES, INC.

 

Name *

Position with Beacon

Investment Advisory

Services, Inc.

Other Business Connections Type of Business
Valerie Murray President None N/A
Erman Civelek Senior Vice President of Investment Strategy None N/A
John Longo Chief Investment Officer Professor at Rutgers University University

 

* The principal business address for each of the Beacon Investment Advisory Services, Inc. representatives is 163 Madison Avenue, Suite 600, Morristown, NJ 07960.

 

 

 

SEVEN CANYONS ADVISORS, LLC

 

Name *

Position with Seven

Canyons Advisors, LLC

Other Business Connections Type of Business
Spencer Stewart Member and Portfolio Manager Ohana Asset Management, LLC – Owner Real Estate Investment
Eric Moessing Member and Chief Operations Officer The Annadel Group – Owner Senior Care
Josh Stewart Member and Portfolio Manager None N/A
Samuel Stewart, Jr. Member and Portfolio Manager None N/A
Matt Swendiman Chief Compliance Officer

Chief Executive Officer, Key Bridge Compliance, LLC

Chairman, F/m Acceleration, LLC

Investment Advisory Representative, Crew Capital Management, Ltd.

Investment Management

 

* The principal business address for each of the Seven Canyons Advisors, LLC representatives is 22 East 100 South, 3rd Floor, Salt Lake City, Utah 84111.

 

CARRET ASSET MANAGEMENT, LLC

 

  Name *

Position with Carret Asset

Management, LLC

  Other Business Connections   Type of Business
Wayne Reisner President None N/A
Marco Vega COO and CFO Brean Capital LLC, Quadrant Holdings Inc. and subsidiaries, NSI MI Technology, United Holding Company, Bernard Holdings LLC, Patagonia Hawk Acquisition Corp. Broker Dealer, Family Office, Engineering Firm, Insurance, Payroll Processor and Insurance Services, SaaS
Jason Graybill Senior Managing Director None N/A
Neil Klein Senior Managing Director None N/A

 

* The principal business address for each of the Carret Asset Management, LLC representatives is 320 Park Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10022.

 

 

 

HILLMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC.

 

  Name *   Position with Hillman Capital Management, Inc.   Other Business Connections   Type of Business
Mark A. Hillman CEO and CIO None N/A
Trevor Lee Analyst None N/A
Jeffrey T. Long Director, Systems, Operations and Trading None N/A
Peter W. Beebe President Owner/Managing Principal of Asset Growth Partners, LLC Not an operating company. A vehicle for receiving payments from the sale of a previous business
C. Frank Watson CCO CEO and owner of Fairview Investment Services, Fairview Investment Administration, Filepoint, Fairview Performance Services and Fairview Cyber Back office services to registered investment advisers
Lindsey G. Vaughan, CFA Managing Director N/A N/A

 

* The principal business address for each of the Hillman Capital Management, Inc. representatives is 7250 Woodmont Avenue, Suite 310, Bethesda, MD 20814.

 

Andurand Capital Management Ltd.

 

Name * Position with Andurand Capital Management Ltd. Other Business Connections Type of Business
Pierre Andurand

·      Founder

 

·      Ultimate Beneficial Owner

 

·      Director

 

·      Investment Committee Member

 

·      Chief Investment Officer

Andurand Capital Management LLP

100 Brompton Road, London SW3 1ER

MiFID Firm
Hakon Haugnes

·      Director

 

·      Investment Committee Member

 

·      Chief Operations Officer

 

·      Chief Financial Officer

Andurand Capital Management LLP, 100 Brompton Road London SW3 1ER MiFID Firm
David McGeough

·      Director

 

·      Investment Committee Member

None N/A
Adam de Domenico

·      Director

 

·      Investment Committee Member

ZASMalta Limited

12 Tigne Place, Suite 1/4a 
Tigne Street, Sliema 
SLM 3173, Malta

 

Compliance & Risk Mgt services
David George Butler Director

GREEN DAY ADVISORS (MALTA) LIMITED

Quad Towers, T3 Level 6, Triq L'Esportaturi, CBD1040, Birkirkara, Malta

Advisory

GREEN DAY ADVISORS LIMITED

12 Castle Street, St Helier, JE2 3RT, Jersey

Advisory

 

 

 

Sara Corsaro Head of Investor Relations None N/A
Kevin Mario Polidano

·      Risk Manager

 

·      Valuation Committee Member

None N/A
Artur Bulak

·      Valuation Committee Member

 

·      Operations Analyst

None N/A
Daryl Farrugia Costa

·      Compliance Officer

 

·      Money Laundering Reporting Officer

None N/A

 

* The principal business address for each of the Andurand Capital Management Ltd. representatives is The Hedge Business Centre, Level 5, Ir-Rampa ta’ San Giljan, Balluta Bay, St. Julian’s, STJ 1062, Malta.

 

Item 32. Principal Underwriter.

 

(a) ALPS Distributors, Inc. acts as the distributor for the Registrant and the following investment companies: 1WS Credit Income Fund, 1290 Funds, Aberdeen Standard Investments ETFs, Alternative Credit Income Fund, The Arbitrage Funds, AQR Funds, Axonic Alternative Income Fund, Axonic Funds, Barings Funds Trust, BBH Trust, Bluerock Total Income+ Real Estate Fund, Brandes Investment Trust, Bridge Builder Trust, Broadstone Real Estate Access Fund, Brown Advisory Funds, Brown Capital Management Mutual Funds, Cambria ETF Trust, Centre Funds, CIM Real Assets & Credit Fund, CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund, Columbia ETF Trust, Columbia ETF Trust I, Columbia ETF Trust II, CRM Mutual Fund Trust, Cullen Funds Trust, DBX ETF Trust, ETF Series Solutions, Flat Rock Opportunity Fund, Financial Investors Trust, Firsthand Funds, FS Credit Income Fund, FS Energy Total Return Fund, FS Series Trust, FS Multi-Alternative Income Fund, Goehring & Rozencwajg Investment Funds, Goldman Sachs ETF Trust, Graniteshares ETF Trust, Griffin Institutional Access Credit Fund, Griffin Institutional Access Real Estate Fund, Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust, Hartford Funds NextShares Trust, Heartland Group, Inc., IndexIQ Active ETF Trust, Index IQ ETF Trust, James Advantage Funds, Janus Detroit Street Trust, Lattice Strategies Trust, Litman Gregory Funds Trust, Longleaf Partners Funds Trust, Meridian Fund, Inc., Natixis ETF Trust, Natixis ETF Trust II, Popular High Grade Fixed-Income Fund, Inc., Popular Total Return Fund, Inc., Popular Income Plus Fund, Inc., PRIMECAP Odyssey Funds, Principal Exchange-Traded Funds, Reality Shares ETF Trust, Puerto Rico Residents Tax Free Bond Fund I, Inc., Puerto Rico Residents Tax Free Funds, Inc., Puerto Rico Residents Tax Free Funds II, Inc., Puerto Rico Residents Tax Free Funds III, Inc., Puerto Rico Residents Tax Free Funds IV, Inc., Puerto Rico Residents Tax Free Funds V, Inc., Puerto Rico Residents Tax Free Funds VI, Inc. Reaves Utility Income Fund, RiverNorth Funds, RiverNorth Opportunities Fund, Inc., RiverNorth/DoubleLine Strategic Opportunity Fund, Inc., SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust, SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust, SPDR S&P MidCap 400 ETF Trust, Sprott Funds Trust, Stone Harbor Investment Funds, Stone Ridge Trust, Stone Ridge Trust II, Stone Ridge Trust III, Stone Ridge Trust IV, Stone Ridge Trust V, Stone Ridge Trust VI, Stone Ridge Residential Real Estate Income Fund I, Inc., USCF ETF Trust, Wasatch Funds, WesMark Funds, Wilmington Funds, XAI Octagon Credit Trust, X-Square Balanced Fund and YieldStreet Prism Fund.

 

 

 

(b) To the best of Registrant’s knowledge, the directors and executive officers of ALPS Distributors, Inc., are as follows:

 

Name* Position with Underwriter Positions with Fund
Stephen Kyllo President, Chief Operating Officer, Director, Chief Compliance Officer None
Eric T. Parsons Vice President, Controller and Assistant Treasurer None
Joseph J. Frank** Secretary None
Patrick J. Pedonti ** Vice President, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary None
Richard C. Noyes Senior Vice President, General Counsel, Assistant Secretary None
Liza Orr Vice President, Senior Counsel None
Jed Stahl Vice President, Senior Counsel None
James Stegall Vice President None
Gary Ross Senior Vice President None
Kevin Ireland Senior Vice President None
Hilary Quinn Vice President None

 

* Except as otherwise noted, the principal business address for each of the above directors and executive officers is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203.

 

 

 

** The principal business address for Messrs. Pedonti and Frank is 333 W. 11th Street, 5th Floor, Kansas City, Missouri 64105.

 

(c) Not applicable.

 

Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records.

 

All accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules thereunder are maintained at the following offices:

 

Name Address City, State, Zip
ALPS Distributors, Inc. 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000 Denver, CO 80203
ALPS Fund Services, Inc. 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000 Denver, CO 80203
DDJ Capital Management, LLC 130 Turner Street, Building 3, Suite 600 Waltham, MA 02543
Clarkston Capital Partners, LLC 91 West Long Lake Road Bloomfield Hills, MI 48304
Beacon Investment Advisory Services, Inc. 163 Madison Avenue, Suite 600 Morristown, NJ 07960
Seven Canyons Advisors, LLC 22 East 100 South, 3rd Floor Salt Lake City, UT 84111
Carret Asset Management, LLC 320 Park Avenue, 18th Floor New York, NY 10022
Hillman Capital Management, Inc. 7250 Woodmont Avenue, Suite 310 Bethesda, MD 20814
Andurand Capital Management Ltd. The Hedge Business Centre, Level 5 Ir-Rampa ta’ San Giljan, Balluta Bay, St. Julian’s, STJ 1062, Malta

 

Item 34. Management Services.

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 35. Undertakings.

 

Not applicable.

 

 

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, certifies that it has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment No. 95 of its Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of Denver, and State of Colorado, on the 10th day of December, 2021.

 

  ALPS SERIES TRUST  
       
  By: /s/ Dawn Cotten  
    Dawn Cotten  
    President  

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature   Title   Date
         
/s/ Dawn Cotten   President and Principal Executive Officer   December 10, 2021
Dawn Cotten        
         
/s/ Ward D. Armstrong   Trustee and Chairman   December 10, 2021
Ward D. Armstrong*        
         
/s/ J. Wayne Hutchens   Trustee   December 10, 2021
J. Wayne Hutchens *        
         
/s/ Merrillyn J. Kosier   Trustee   December 10, 2021
Merrillyn J. Kosier*        
         
/s/ Patrick Seese   Trustee   December 10, 2021
Patrick Seese*        
         
/s/ Brad Swenson   Trustee   December 10, 2021
Brad Swenson*        
/s/ Jill McFate   Treasurer, Principal Financial Officer, and Principal Accounting Officer   December 10, 2021

Jill McFate

       

 

* Signature affixed by Patrick Rogers pursuant to a Power of Attorney dated November 18, 2021.

 

 

 

 

Exhibit List 

 

(q) (1) Powers of Attorney.