In July 2022, Company management, commenced a systematic multi-phased initiative to significantly reduce costs and integrate the Company's operations, decreasing complexity and focusing on improved performance across Industrial. More specifically, at this time, the Company announced a restructuring program to further reduce costs within the Industrial segment and, more broadly, transform our businesses in response to macroeconomic disruptions. Additional actions were subsequently authorized in October 2022, April 2023 (including Aerospace), September 2023 (including Aerospace), and Q2 2024 (including Aerospace). Management continues to adjust its cost structures to align with market conditions.

The Company authorized restructuring actions (“2022 Actions”) focused on the consolidation of two manufacturing sites and a number of branch offices and changes in infrastructure to eliminate certain roles across a number of locations in the Industrial segment businesses in July and October 2022. The 2022 Actions resulted in pre-tax charges of $17,986 and $10,328 recorded in 2022 (recorded in second half of 2022) and 2023 (recorded primarily in the first and third quarters of 2023), respectively. Of the aggregate pre-tax charges of $10,328 recorded in 2023, $3,990 were recorded in the first quarter, primarily within Cost of sales in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income, and primarily related to $1,593 of accelerated depreciation of assets and $2,397 of transfer of work charges.

During the second quarter of 2024, additional pre-tax charges of $282 related to the 2022 Actions, including $223 primarily related to site consolidation and transfer of work charges, were recorded within Cost of sales, and $59 of expenses were recorded within Selling and administrative expenses in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.

During the first half of 2024, additional pre-tax charges of $2,649 related to the 2022 Actions, including $1,776 primarily related to site consolidation and transfer of work charges, and $724 of accelerated depreciation of assets, were recorded within Cost of sales, and $149 of expenses were recorded within Selling and administrative expenses in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. The Company does not expect any additional costs related to the 2022 Actions to be significant.

In April 2023, the Company authorized restructuring actions (“April 2023 Actions”) focused on manufacturing footprint optimization, including the consolidation of manufacturing sites and optimization of production. These actions include the geographic transfer of certain programs within both the Industrial and Aerospace segments and changes in infrastructure to drive improvements and efficiencies in business processes, including the elimination of certain roles across several locations. The April 2023 Actions resulted in pre-tax charges of $13,783 in 2023 (recorded primarily in the second and third quarters of 2023).

During the second quarter of 2024, additional pre-tax charges of $1,423 related to the April 2023 Actions, primarily related to $690 of transfer of work charges, were recorded within Cost of sales and $733 of expenses were recorded within Selling and administrative expenses, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. Of the aggregate charges recorded, $952 was reflected within the results of the Industrial segment and $471 was reflected within the results of the Aerospace segment.

During the first half of 2024, additional pre-tax charges of $2,018 related to the April 2023 Actions, primarily related to $1,160 of transfer of work charges, were recorded within Cost of sales and $858 of expenses were recorded within Selling and administrative expenses, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. Of the aggregate charges recorded, $1,184 was reflected within the results of the Industrial segment and $834 was reflected within the results of the Aerospace segment.

A corresponding liability of $1,384, per below, related to the employee termination costs remained and was included within accrued liabilities as of June 30, 2024. The Company expects to incur additional costs of approximately $13,000 related to the April 2023 Actions, which are primarily related to transfer of work charges. Of the aggregate, approximately $10,000 and $3,000 relate to the Aerospace and Industrial segments, respectively. The April 2023 Actions are expected to be completed throughout multiple periods, with completion in 2025.

In September 2023, the Company authorized restructuring actions (“September 2023 Actions”) including organizational realignment within a Barnes Industrial business and within Barnes Aerospace following the MB Aerospace acquisition. Resulting pre-tax charges of $7,878 were recorded primarily in the third quarter of 2023 related to employee termination costs, primarily employee severance and other termination benefits, which are expected to be paid in cash by the end of 2024. The Company does not expect any additional costs related to the September 2023 Actions to be significant.

In the second quarter of 2024, the Company authorized restructuring actions (“Q2 2024 Actions”) including organizational realignment within the Barnes Aerospace and Industrial segment businesses. Resulting pre-tax charges of $3,231 were recorded related to employee termination costs, primarily employee severance and other termination benefits, which are expected to be paid in cash by the end of 2025 and which were recorded within Selling and administrative expenses in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. Of the aggregate charges recorded, $1,750 was included within the results of the Aerospace segment and $1,481 was included within the results of the Industrial segment. The Company does not expect any additional costs related to the Q2 2024 Actions to be significant.