Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Income Before Income Taxes, Domestic and Foreign

Income before income taxes:

	2024		2023		2022
United States	$	175.6	$	173.8	$	86.0
Non-United States	318.6		356.7		464.9
Income before income taxes	$	494.2	$	530.5	$	550.9

Schedule of Provision for Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes consisted of the following:

	2024		2023		2022
Current:
Federal	$	28.6	$	10.4	$	11.2
State and local	9.1		3.8		6.7
Foreign	116.5		119.9		119.6
	$	154.2	$	134.1	$	137.5
Deferred:
Federal	$	(6.6)	$	(12.1)	$	(7.8)
State and local	(2.7)		(1.5)		(0.3)
Foreign	(26.0)		2.0		4.5
	$	(35.3)	$	(11.6)	$	(3.6)
United States and foreign tax provision on income	$	118.9	$	122.5	$	133.9

Schedule of Provision for Income Taxes and Effective Income Tax Rate

The following table is the reconciliation between the provision for income taxes and the amount computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate of 21% to income before taxes:

	2024			2023			2022
Income tax at the U.S. federal statutory rate	$	103.8		$	111.4		$	115.7
Adjustments:
State and local income taxes, net of federal tax benefit	4.9			5.3			5.3
Tax on foreign remittances and U.S. tax on foreign income	16.8			25.6			19.0
Tax expense related to undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries	1.3			15.0			1.0
Foreign losses without current tax benefits	6.1			7.7			3.1
Foreign earnings taxed at different rates including tax holidays	16.6			18.1			19.4
U.S. foreign tax credit	(21.1)			(55.8)			(15.2)
Effect of cross-border tax laws	(5.2)			(10.3)			(3.9)
Accruals and settlements related to tax audits	(6.7)			(3.2)			(9.5)
Other items, net	2.4			8.7			(1.0)
Provision for income taxes	$	118.9		$	122.5		$	133.9
Effective income tax rate	24.1		%	23.1		%	24.3		%

Schedule of Effect of Temporary Differences Giving Rise to Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

The effect of temporary differences giving rise to deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows:

	2024		2023
Deferred tax assets:
Accrued postretirement benefits cost	$	7.9	$	8.0
Accrued pension cost	39.3		44.1
Other employee benefit accruals	10.7		14.3
Tax loss and credit carryforwards	89.1		84.9
Other, net	75.9		58.3
Valuation allowances	(48.7)		(39.3)
	$	174.2	$	170.3
Deferred tax liabilities - principally depreciation and amortization	(308.2)		(312.5)
Net deferred tax liabilities	$	(134.0)	$	(142.2)

Schedule of Total Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits

The following table reconciles the Company’s total gross unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022:

	2024		2023		2022
Beginning balance, January 1	$	34.2	$	26.0	$	36.1
Tax positions related to the current year:
Additions	4.2		7.0		0.6
Tax positions related to prior years:
Additions	4.5		9.6		4.0
Reductions	(1.6)		(4.7)		(4.7)
Settlements with tax authorities	(0.1)		(0.4)		(1.9)
Lapses in statutes of limitation	(5.4)		(3.3)		(8.1)
Ending balance, December 31	$	35.8	$	34.2	$	26.0