Research and Development

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Note 21 - Research and Development

The Company leverages its technical knowledge, research expertise, and production and engineering capabilities across all of its products and end markets to deliver high-performance products and services to its customers. Costs included in "Research and Development Expense" primarily relate to new product innovation. Costs included in "Engineering Expense" primarily relate to the technological enhancement of existing products and services as we align with our customers evolving needs. Expenditures may fluctuate from year-to-year depending on special projects and needs.


	Year Ended December 31,
Expenditures as a percentage of sales	2022		2021		2020
Research and Development Expense	0.8	%	0.9	%	1.2	%
Engineering Expense	1.5	%	1.4	%	1.0	%
Total	2.3	%	2.3	%	2.2	%