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Other Expense, Net
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]  
Other Expense, Net [Text Block]
Note 4.
Other Expense, Net
The components of other expense, net, in the accompanying statement of income are as follows:
(In millions)
 
2017

 
2016

 
2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Income
 
$
81

 
$
48

 
$
31

Interest Expense
 
(592
)
 
(469
)
 
(415
)
Other Items, Net
 
(28
)
 
(4
)
 
(16
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Expense, Net
 
$
(539
)
 
$
(425
)
 
$
(400
)

Other Items, Net
In all periods, other items, net includes currency transaction gains and losses on monetary assets and liabilities. In 2017, other items, net includes $32 million of charges related to amortization of fees paid to obtain bridge financing commitments related to the Patheon acquisition (Note 2) and $4 million of losses on the early extinguishment of debt, offset in part by $17 million of gains on investments.
In 2016, other items, net includes $22 million of charges related to amortization of fees paid to obtain bridge financing commitments for the acquisition of FEI (Note 2) and $9 million of losses on the early extinguishment of debt, offset in part by $13 million of gains on investments. The investment gains include an $8 million gain on the sale of a joint venture for net proceeds of $65 million.
In 2015, other items, net includes costs of $7 million associated with entering into interest rate swap arrangements and losses of $12 million for the early extinguishment of debt.