Postretirement Benefit Plans (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2017

Compensation And Retirement Disclosure [Abstract]

Expense related to defined benefit and retiree health care benefit plans is as follows:

	U.S. Defined Benefit									U.S. Retiree Health Care									Non-U.S. Defined Benefit
	2017			2016			2015			2017			2016			2015			2017			2016			2015
Service cost	$	22		$	22		$	22		$	5		$	5		$	5		$	37		$	34		$	35
Interest cost		42			42			43			17			20			20			44			52			53
Expected return on plan assets		(41	)		(41	)		(48	)		(17	)		(20	)		(22	)		(62	)		(68	)		(76	)
Amortization of prior service cost (credit)		—			—			—			(4	)		(3	)		2			(2	)		(2	)		(2	)
Recognized net actuarial loss		14			21			19			3			7			8			28			25			24
Net periodic benefit costs		37			44			36			4			9			13			45			41			34
Settlement losses		36			21			25			—			—			—			2			2			2
Total, including other postretirement losses	$	73		$	65		$	61		$	4		$	9		$	13		$	47		$	43		$	36

Schedule of Changes in the Benefit Obligations and Plan Assets for the Defined Benefit and Retiree Health Care Benefit Plans

Changes in the benefit obligations and plan assets for defined benefit and retiree health care benefit plans are as follows:

	U.S.						U.S.						Non-U.S.
	Defined Benefit						Retiree Health Care						Defined Benefit
	2017			2016			2017			2016			2017			2016
Change in plan benefit obligation
Benefit obligation at beginning of year:	$	1,030		$	1,033		$	434		$	463		$	2,361		$	2,231
Service cost		22			22			5			5			37			34
Interest cost		42			42			17			20			44			52
Participant contributions		—			—			9			10			6			6
Benefits paid		(9	)		(9	)		(39	)		(38	)		(90	)		(77	)
Medicare subsidy		—			—			—			1			—			—
Actuarial loss (gain)		109			27			(15	)		(27	)		(52	)		259
Settlements		(196	)		(85	)		—			—			(13	)		(8	)
Plan amendments		—			—			3			—			—			—
Effects of exchange rate changes		—			—			—			—			176			(136	)
Benefit obligation at end of year (BO)	$	998		$	1,030		$	414		$	434		$	2,469		$	2,361

Change in plan assets
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year:	$	1,034		$	1,019		$	434		$	441		$	2,309		$	2,134
Actual return on plan assets		123			79			44			20			148			227
Employer contributions (qualified plans)		25			15			1			1			56			160
Employer contributions (non-qualified plans)		18			15			—			—			—			—
Participant contributions		—			—			9			10			6			6
Benefits paid		(9	)		(9	)		(39	)		(38	)		(90	)		(77	)
Settlements		(196	)		(85	)		—			—			(13	)		(8	)
Effects of exchange rate changes		—			—			—			—			177			(133	)
Other		—			—			(55	)		—			—			—
Fair value of plan assets at end of year (FVPA)	$	995		$	1,034		$	394		$	434		$	2,593		$	2,309

Funded status (FVPA – BO) at end of year	$	(3	)	$	4		$	(20	)	$	—		$	124		$	(52	)

Schedule of Amounts Recognized in our Balance Sheet

Amounts recognized on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, are as follows:

	U.S. Defined			U.S. Retiree			Non-U.S.
	Benefit			Health Care			Defined Benefit			Total
2017
Overfunded retirement plans	$	58		$	—		$	150		$	208
Accrued expenses and other liabilities & Other long-term liabilities		(13	)		—			(5	)		(18	)
Underfunded retirement plans		(48	)		(20	)		(21	)		(89	)
Funded status (FVPA – BO) at end of 2017	$	(3	)	$	(20	)	$	124		$	101

2016
Overfunded retirement plans	$	66		$	3		$	27		$	96
Accrued expenses and other liabilities & Other long-term liabilities		(9	)		—			(6	)		(15	)
Underfunded retirement plans		(53	)		(3	)		(73	)		(129	)
Funded status (FVPA – BO) at end of 2016	$	4		$	—		$	(52	)	$	(48	)

Schedule of Change in AOCI

The change in AOCI is as follows:

	U.S. Defined			U.S. Retiree						Non-U.S.
	Benefit			Health Care						Defined Benefit						Total
	Net Actuarial Loss			Net Actuarial Loss			Prior Service Credit			Net Actuarial Loss			Prior Service Credit			Net Actuarial Loss			Prior Service Credit
AOCI balance, net of taxes, December 31, 2016	$	133		$	58		$	(11	)	$	351		$	(6	)	$	542		$	(17	)
Changes in AOCI by category:
Adjustments		28			(41	)		3			(105	)		—			(118	)		3
Recognized within Net income		(51	)		(3	)		4			(29	)		2			(83	)		6
Tax effect		8			15			(2	)		30			—			53			(2	)
Total change to AOCI		(15	)		(29	)		5			(104	)		2			(148	)		7
AOCI balance, net of taxes, December 31, 2017	$	118		$	29		$	(6	)	$	247		$	(4	)	$	394		$	(10	)

Schedule of Allocation of Plan Assets

The tables below set forth the fair value of our plan assets using the same three-level hierarchy of fair-value inputs described in Note 8. With the adoption of ASU 2015-07, certain assets are no longer subject to disclosure by level of fair value but have been included in the tables below to permit reconciliation to the total plan assets.

	December 31, 2017
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Other (a)		Total
Assets of U.S. defined benefit plan:
Fixed income securities and cash equivalents	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	654	$	654
Equity securities		—		—		—		341		341
Total	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	995	$	995

Assets of U.S. retiree health care plan:
Fixed income securities and cash equivalents	$	132	$	2	$	—	$	111	$	245
Equity securities		—		—		—		149		149
Total	$	132	$	2	$	—	$	260	$	394

Assets of non-U.S. defined benefit plans:
Fixed income securities and cash equivalents	$	16	$	183	$	—	$	1,646	$	1,845
Equity securities		7		23		—		717		747
Other		—		—		1		—		1
Total	$	23	$	206	$	1	$	2,363	$	2,593

(a)Consists of bond index and equity index funds, measured at net asset value per share.

	December 31, 2016
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Other (a)		Total
Assets of U.S. defined benefit plan:
Fixed income securities and cash equivalents	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	685	$	685
Equity securities		—		—		—		349		349
Total	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,034	$	1,034

Assets of U.S. retiree health care plan:
Fixed income securities and cash equivalents	$	180	$	3	$	—	$	44	$	227
Equity securities		—		—		—		207		207
Total	$	180	$	3	$	—	$	251	$	434

Assets of non-U.S. defined benefit plans:
Fixed income securities and cash equivalents	$	19	$	127	$	—	$	1,508	$	1,654
Equity securities		5		18		—		629		652
Other		—		—		3		—		3
Total	$	24	$	145	$	3	$	2,137	$	2,309

(a)	Consists of bond index and equity index funds, measured at net asset value per share.

The target allocation ranges for the plans that hold a substantial majority of the defined benefit assets are as follows:

	U.S. Defined	U.S. Retiree	Non-U.S.
	Benefit	Health Care	Defined Benefit
Fixed income securities and cash equivalents	65%	55% - 65%	60% - 100%
Equity securities	35%	35% - 45%	0% - 40%

Weighted average asset allocations as of December 31 are as follows:

	U.S. Defined		U.S. Retiree		Non-U.S. Defined
	Benefit		Health Care		Benefit
	2017	2016	2017	2016	2017	2016
Fixed income securities and cash equivalents	66%	66%	62%	52%	71%	72%
Equity securities	34%	34%	38%	48%	29%	28%

Schedule of Assumptions Used

Assumptions and investment policies

	U.S.		U.S. Retiree		Non-U.S.
	Defined Benefit		Health Care		Defined Benefit
	2017	2016	2017	2016	2017	2016
Weighted average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations:
Discount rate	3.75%	4.29%	3.63%	4.08%	1.84%	1.76%
Long-term pay progression	3.30%	3.30%	n/a	n/a	2.96%	3.11%

Weighted average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost:
Discount rate	4.21%	4.40%	4.08%	4.40%	1.76%	2.41%
Long-term rate of return on plan assets	4.30%	4.60%	4.10%	4.40%	2.60%	3.18%
Long-term pay progression	3.30%	3.30%	n/a	n/a	3.11%	3.21%

Schedule of Assumed Future Benefit Payments

The following assumed future benefit payments to plan participants in the next 10 years are used to measure our benefit obligations. Almost all of the payments, which may vary significantly from these assumptions, will be made from plan assets and not from company assets.

	U.S. Defined		U.S. Retiree		Non-U.S.
	Benefit		Health Care		Defined Benefit
2018	$	140	$	30	$	86
2019		111		31		87
2020		83		31		89
2021		90		30		90
2022		87		30		94
2023 – 2027		410		139		495

Schedule of Assumed Health Care Cost Trend Rates for U.S Retiree Health Care Benefit Plan

Assumed health care cost trend rates for the U.S. retiree health care benefit plan as of December 31 are as follows:

	2017			2016
Assumed health care cost trend rate for next year		7.50	%		6.75	%
Ultimate trend rate		5.00	%		5.00	%
Year in which ultimate trend rate is reached		2028			2024