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Fair Value Disclosures (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2016
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Schedule Of Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis At Fair Value
The following is a summary of our financial instruments and trading liabilities that are accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis, excluding Investments at fair value based on net asset value ("NAV") of $32.8 million and $36.7 million, respectively, by level within the fair value hierarchy at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 (in thousands):
 
March 31, 2016
 
Level 1 (1)
 
Level 2 (1)
 
Level 3
 
Counterparty
and
Cash
Collateral
Netting (2)
 
Total
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading assets, at fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate equity securities
$
2,432,334

 
$
140,168

 
$
30,540

 
$

 
$
2,603,042

Corporate debt securities

 
2,516,929

 
25,634

 

 
2,542,563

Collateralized debt obligations

 
61,290

 
67,348

 

 
128,638

U.S. government and federal agency securities
1,018,909

 
310,273

 

 

 
1,329,182

Municipal securities

 
609,169

 

 

 
609,169

Sovereign obligations
1,490,358

 
799,541

 
119

 

 
2,290,018

Residential mortgage-backed securities

 
2,243,865

 
68,019

 

 
2,311,884

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

 
816,047

 
21,994

 

 
838,041

Other asset-backed securities

 
263,877

 
33,124

 

 
297,001

Loans and other receivables

 
820,132

 
155,442

 

 
975,574

Derivatives
938

 
6,173,287

 
22,975

 
(5,850,803
)
 
346,397

Investments at fair value

 
54

 
275,389

 

 
275,443

Investment in FXCM

 

 
564,800

 

 
564,800

Total trading assets, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV
$
4,942,539


$
14,754,632


$
1,265,384


$
(5,850,803
)

$
15,111,752

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available for sale securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Corporate equity securities
$
72,000

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
72,000

Corporate debt securities

 
4,539

 

 

 
4,539

U.S. government securities
302,428

 

 

 

 
302,428

Residential mortgage-backed securities

 
9,866

 

 

 
9,866

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

 
2,126

 

 

 
2,126

Other asset-backed securities

 
7,897

 

 

 
7,897

Total available for sale securities
$
374,428


$
24,428


$


$


$
398,856

Cash and cash equivalents
$
2,604,066

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
2,604,066

Cash and securities segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes or deposited with clearing and depository organizations (3)
$
679,812

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
679,812

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Trading liabilities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Corporate equity securities
$
1,637,749

 
$
75,166

 
$
38

 
$

 
$
1,712,953

Corporate debt securities

 
1,877,856

 

 

 
1,877,856

U.S. government and federal agency securities
1,299,982

 

 

 

 
1,299,982

Sovereign obligations
1,131,337

 
710,989

 

 

 
1,842,326

Residential mortgage-backed securities

 
20,585

 

 

 
20,585

Loans

 
432,782

 
7,744

 

 
440,526

Derivatives
302

 
6,192,855

 
34,732

 
(5,879,190
)
 
348,699

Total trading liabilities
$
4,069,370


$
9,310,233


$
42,514


$
(5,879,190
)

$
7,542,927

Other secured financings
$

 
$

 
$
538

 
$

 
$
538

Debt-structured notes
$

 
$
37,118

 
$

 
$

 
$
37,118

 
December 31, 2015
 
Level 1 (1)
 
Level 2 (1)
 
Level 3
 
Counterparty
and
Cash
Collateral
Netting (2)
 
Total
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading assets, at fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate equity securities
$
2,803,243

 
$
133,732

 
$
40,906

 
$

 
$
2,977,881

Corporate debt securities

 
2,867,165

 
25,876

 

 
2,893,041

Collateralized debt obligations

 
89,144

 
85,092

 

 
174,236

U.S. government and federal agency securities
2,555,018

 
90,633

 

 

 
2,645,651

Municipal securities

 
487,141

 

 

 
487,141

Sovereign obligations
1,251,366

 
1,407,955

 
120

 

 
2,659,441

Residential mortgage-backed securities

 
2,731,070

 
70,263

 

 
2,801,333

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

 
1,014,913

 
14,326

 

 
1,029,239

Other asset-backed securities

 
118,629

 
42,925

 

 
161,554

Loans and other receivables

 
1,123,044

 
189,289

 

 
1,312,333

Derivatives
2,253

 
4,406,207

 
19,785

 
(4,165,446
)
 
262,799

Investments at fair value

 
26,224

 
199,794

 

 
226,018

Investment in FXCM

 

 
625,689

 

 
625,689

Total trading assets, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV
$
6,611,880


$
14,495,857


$
1,314,065


$
(4,165,446
)

$
18,256,356

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available for sale securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Corporate equity securities
$
73,579

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
73,579

Corporate debt securities

 
4,744

 

 

 
4,744

U.S. government securities
63,945

 

 

 

 
63,945

Residential mortgage-backed securities

 
23,240

 

 

 
23,240

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

 
2,374

 

 

 
2,374

Other asset-backed securities

 
39,473

 

 

 
39,473

Total available for sale securities
$
137,524


$
69,831


$


$


$
207,355

Cash and cash equivalents
$
3,638,648

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
3,638,648

Cash and securities segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes or deposited with clearing and depository organizations
$
751,084

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
751,084

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Trading liabilities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Corporate equity securities
$
1,428,048

 
$
36,518

 
$
38

 
$

 
$
1,464,604

Corporate debt securities

 
1,556,941

 

 

 
1,556,941

Collateralized debt obligations
1,488,121

 

 

 

 
1,488,121

U.S. government and federal agency securities
837,614

 
505,382

 

 

 
1,342,996

Sovereign obligations

 
117

 

 

 
117

Loans

 
758,939

 
10,469

 

 
769,408

Derivatives
364

 
4,456,334

 
19,543

 
(4,257,998
)
 
218,243

Total trading liabilities
$
3,754,147


$
7,314,231


$
30,050


$
(4,257,998
)

$
6,840,430

Other secured financings
$

 
$

 
$
544

 
$

 
$
544


(1)
There were no material transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and during the year ended December 31, 2015.
(2)
Represents counterparty and cash collateral netting across the levels of the fair value hierarchy for positions with the same counterparty.
(3)
Cash and securities segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes or deposited with clearing and depository organizations includes U.S. treasury securities with a fair value of $99.9 million at March 31, 2016.
Investments Measured At Fair Value Based On Net Asset Value
The following tables present information about our investments in entities that have the characteristics of an investment company and are measured based on NAV (in thousands).
 
Fair Value (1)
 
Unfunded
Commitments
 
Redemption
Frequency
(if currently eligible)
March 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
Equity Long/Short Hedge Funds (2)
$
424,516

 
$

 
(2)
Fixed Income and High Yield Hedge Funds (3)
1,321

 

 
Fund of Funds (4)
279

 

 
Equity Funds (5)
39,496

 
20,512

 
Multi-strategy Fund (7)
114,040

 

 
Total
$
579,652


$
20,512

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2015
 

 
 

 
 
Equity Long/Short Hedge Funds (2)
$
482,570

 
$

 
(2)
Fixed Income and High Yield Hedge Funds (3)
1,703

 

 
Fund of Funds (4)
287

 
94

 
Equity Funds (5)
42,111

 
20,791

 
Convertible Bond Funds (6)
326

 

 
At Will
Multi-strategy Fund (7)
113,458

 

 
Total
$
640,455


$
20,885

 
 
 
(1)
Where fair value is calculated based on NAV, fair value has been derived from each of the funds' capital statements.
(2)
This category includes investments in hedge funds that invest, long and short, in primarily equity securities in domestic and international markets in both the public and private sectors.  At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, investments with a fair value of $97.5 million and $107.1 million are redeemable with 30 to 90 days prior written notice, and includes an investment in a private asset management fund managed by us with a fair value of $54.4 million and $52.4 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.  At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, this category also includes investments in Folger Hill feeder funds that invest solely in a Folger Hill master fund that makes long/short equity investments, with broad industry and geographic diversification.  Investment in these funds is subject to a lock-up until August 15, 2019, subject to certain release events and other withdrawal rights.  Following this date, investments can be redeemed as of any calendar quarter-end with no less than 45 calendar days’ notice, subject to certain limitations.  At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, our investments in these funds had an aggregate fair value of $327.0 million and $375.5 million, respectively.
(3)
Includes investments in funds that invest in loans secured by a first trust deed on property, domestic and international public high yield debt, private high yield investments, senior bank loans, public leveraged equities, distressed debt, and private equity investments.  There are no redemption provisions.  At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the underlying assets of 7% and 8%, respectively, of these funds are being liquidated and we are unable to estimate when the underlying assets will be fully liquidated.
(4)
Includes investments in fund of funds that invest in various private equity funds.  At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, approximately 69% and 95%, respectively, of the fair value of investments in this category is managed by us and has no redemption provisions; instead distributions are received through the liquidation of the underlying assets of the fund of funds, which are estimated to start liquidating in the next nine months.  For the remaining investments, we have requested redemption; however, we are unable to estimate when these funds will be received.
(5)
At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, approximately 99% and 100%, respectively, of the fair value of investments in this category include investments in equity funds that invest in the equity of various U.S. and foreign private companies in the energy, technology, internet service and telecommunication service industries.  These investments cannot be redeemed; instead distributions are received through the liquidation of the underlying assets of the funds which are expected to liquidate in one to eight years. 
(6)
Investment in the Jefferies Umbrella Fund, an open-ended investment company managed by Jefferies that invested primarily in convertible bonds.  The remaining investments were in liquidation at December 31, 2015 and the underlying assets were fully liquidated during the three months ended March 31, 2016.
(7)
Investment in private asset management fund managed by us that employs a variety of investment strategies and can invest in U.S. and non-U.S. equity and equity related securities, futures, exchange traded funds, fixed income securities, preferred securities, options, forward contracts and swaps.  Withdrawals during any calendar quarter are limited to 25% of the fund’s net asset value.  This restriction can be waived by us, in our sole discretion.

Summary Of Changes In Fair Value Of Financial Assets And Liabilities Classified As Level 3
The following is a summary of changes in fair value of our financial assets and liabilities that have been categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy for the three months ended March 31, 2015 (in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31, 2015
 
Balance, December 31, 2014
 
Total gains (losses)
(realized and unrealized) (1)
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Settlements
 
Issuances
 
Net transfers
into (out of)
Level 3
 
Balance, March 31, 2015
 
Changes in
unrealized gains (losses) relating to instruments still held at
March 31,
2015 (1)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate equity securities
$
20,964

 
$
63

 
$

 
$
(168
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
(2,649
)
 
$
18,210

 
$
243

Corporate debt securities
22,766

 
(311
)
 
469

 
(533
)
 

 

 
2,404

 
24,795

 
43

Collateralized debt obligations
124,650

 
(17,642
)
 

 
(13,519
)
 
(1,296
)
 

 
4,644

 
96,837

 
(17,506
)
Sovereign obligations

 
13

 

 
(1
)
 

 

 
321

 
333

 
12

Residential mortgage-backed securities
82,557

 
(2,863
)
 
2,100

 
(1,375
)
 
(23
)
 

 
(443
)
 
79,953

 
783

Commercial mortgage-backed securities
26,655

 
(531
)
 

 
(382
)
 
(6,864
)
 

 
5,751

 
24,629

 
(1,369
)
Other asset-backed securities
2,294

 
(167
)
 
26

 
(1
)
 

 

 
4,994

 
7,146

 
(167
)
Loans and other receivables
97,258

 
(5,033
)
 
40,019

 
(16,122
)
 
(15,448
)
 

 
10,736

 
111,410

 
(3,262
)
Investments at fair value
77,047

 
566

 
5,010

 
(184
)
 
(277
)
 

 
69,203

 
151,365

 
572

Investment in FXCM

 
686,627

 
279,000

 

 
(18,627
)
 

 

 
947,000

 
686,627

Liabilities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Trading liabilities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Corporate equity securities
$
38

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
38

 
$

Corporate debt securities
223

 
(115
)
 
(6,683
)
 
6,698

 

 

 
(123
)
 

 

Net derivatives (2)
(4,638
)
 
6,938

 

 

 
(58
)
 
1,072

 

 
3,314

 
(8,771
)
Loans
14,450

 
(39
)
 
(2,877
)
 
825

 

 

 
(3,032
)
 
9,327

 
39

Other secured financings
30,825

 

 

 

 
(2,218
)
 
36,995

 

 
65,602

 


(1)
Realized and unrealized gains (losses) are reported in Principal transactions in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(2)
Net derivatives represent Trading assets - Derivatives and Trading liabilities - Derivatives.
The following is a summary of changes in fair value of our financial assets and liabilities that have been categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy for the three months ended March 31, 2016 (in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
 
Balance, December 31, 2015
 
Total gains (losses)
(realized and unrealized) (1)
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Settlements
 
Issuances
 
Net transfers
into (out of)
Level 3
 
Balance at March 31, 2016
 
Changes in
unrealized gains (losses) relating to instruments still held at
March 31, 2016(1)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate equity securities
$
40,906

 
$
3,071

 
$
2,087

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
(15,524
)
 
$
30,540

 
$
3,560

Corporate debt securities
25,876

 
(2,602
)
 
15,337

 
(15,129
)
 
(111
)
 

 
2,263

 
25,634

 
(2,540
)
Collateralized debt obligations
85,092

 
(16,573
)
 
1,021

 
(20,178
)
 
(463
)
 

 
18,449

 
67,348

 
(17,003
)
Sovereign obligations
120

 
(1
)
 

 

 

 

 

 
119

 
(1
)
Residential mortgage-backed securities
70,263

 
(4,548
)
 
62,844

 
(64,926
)
 
(114
)
 

 
4,500

 
68,019

 
(3,358
)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
14,326

 
(971
)
 
2,962

 

 
(878
)
 

 
6,555

 
21,994

 
(1,387
)
Other asset-backed securities
42,925

 
1,662

 
15,425

 
(2,100
)
 
(1
)
 

 
(24,787
)
 
33,124

 
1,679

Loans and other receivables
189,289

 
(5,772
)
 
181,264

 
(114,667
)
 
(95,354
)
 

 
682

 
155,442

 
(9,113
)
Investments at fair value
199,794

 
48,618

 
1,187

 

 
(273
)
 

 
26,063

 
275,389

 
48,618

Investment in FXCM
625,689

 
(53,203
)
 

 

 
(7,686
)
 

 

 
564,800

 
(53,203
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Trading liabilities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Corporate equity securities
$
38

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
38

 
$

Net derivatives (2)
(242
)
 
10,304

 

 

 
2,558

 
554

 
(1,417
)
 
11,757

 
(8,135
)
Loans
10,469

 
(345
)
 
(2,240
)
 
1,033

 
(1,077
)
 

 
(96
)
 
7,744

 
345

Other secured financings
544

 
(6
)
 

 

 

 

 

 
538

 


(1)
Realized and unrealized gains (losses) are reported in Principal transactions in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(2)
Net derivatives represent Trading assets - Derivatives and Trading liabilities - Derivatives.
Quantitative Information About Significant Unobservable Inputs Used In Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
March 31, 2016
Financial Instruments Owned
 
Fair Value
(in thousands)
 
Valuation
 Technique
 
Significant
Unobservable Input(s)
 
Input/Range
 
Weighted
Average
Corporate equity securities
 
$
27,079

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-exchange traded securities
 
 

 
Market approach
 
EBITDA (a) multiple
 
15.2
 

 
 
 
 

 
Underlying stock price
 
$1.00 to $102
 
$
15.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate debt securities
 
$
21,487

 
Convertible bond model
 
Discount rate/yield
 
13%
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Volatility
 
40%
 

 
 
 
 
Comparable pricing
 
Comparable bond price
 
$39
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collateralized debt obligations
 
$
38,604

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Constant prepayment rate
 
10% to 20%
 
19
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Constant default rate
 
2% to 10%
 
3
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Loss severity
 
25% to 70%
 
31
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Yield
 
5% to 20%
 
13
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage-backed securities
 
$
68,019

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Constant prepayment rate
 
0% to 50%
 
12
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Constant default rate
 
1% to 9%
 
1
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Loss severity
 
25% to 70%
 
30
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Yield
 
2% to 11%
 
6
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
 
$
21,994

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Yield
 
8% to 29%
 
14
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Cumulative loss rate
 
2% to 69%
 
16
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other asset-backed securities
 
$
27,298

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Constant prepayment rate
 
0% to 20%
 
15
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Constant default rate
 
0% to 15%
 
11
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Loss severity
 
0% to 100%
 
83
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Yield
 
4% to 24%
 
19
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans and other receivables
 
$
120,475

 
Comparable pricing
 
Comparable loan price
 
$100
 

 
 
 

 
Market approach
 
Discount rate/yield
 
2% to 51%
 
21
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Transaction level
 
$81
 

 
 
 

 
Scenario analysis
 
Estimated  recovery percentage
 
6% to 100%
 
76
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives
 
$
22,975

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Commodity forwards
 
 

 
Market approach
 
Discount rate/yield
 
60%
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Transaction level
 
$6,500,000
 

Unfunded commitment
 
 

 
Comparable pricing
 
Comparable loan price
 
$100
 

 Credit default swaps
 
 

 
    Market approach
 
Credit spread
 
292 bps
 

Interest rate swaps
 
 
 
    Market approach
 
Credit spread
 
667 bps to 800 bps
 
718 bps

Total return swaps
 
 
 
Comparable pricing
 
Comparable loan price
 
$90
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investments at fair value
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Private equity securities
 
$
35,455

 
Market approach
 
EBITDA (a) multiple
 
8.4
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Transaction level
 
$0 to $74
 
$
55.0

 
 
 
 
 
 
Enterprise value
 
$5,200,000
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate
 
15% to 30%
 
23
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment in FXCM
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Term loan
 
$
218,300

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Term based on the pay off
 
0 months to 1.25 years
 
0.9 years
Rights
 
346,500

 
Option pricing model
 
Volatility
 
100%
 

 
 
$
564,800

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading Liabilities
 
Fair Value
(in thousands)
 
Valuation
 Technique
 
Significant
Unobservable Input(s)
 
Input/Range
 
Weighted
Average
Derivatives
 
$
34,732

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Equity options
 
 
 
Option model
 
Volatility
 
45%
 

 
 
 
 
Default rate
 
    Default probability
 
0%
 

Unfunded commitments
 
 

 
Comparable pricing
 
Comparable loan price
 
$100
 

 
 
 

 
Market approach
 
Discount rate/yield
 
3% to 35%
 
26
%
Variable funding note swaps
 
 

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Constant prepayment rate
 
20%
 

 
 
 

 
   
 
Constant default rate
 
2%
 

 
 
 

 
   
 
Loss severity
 
25%
 

 
 
 

 
   
 
Yield
 
14%
 

Foreign exchange forwards
 
 
 
    Market approach
 
Credit spread
 
500 bps
 

Total return swaps
 
 
 
Comparable pricing
 
Comparable loan price
 
$90
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans
 
$
7,744

 
Comparable pricing
 
Comparable loan price
 
$100
 

December 31, 2015
Financial Instruments Owned
 
Fair Value
(in thousands)
 
Valuation
 Technique
 
Significant
Unobservable Input(s)
 
Input/Range
 
Weighted
Average
Corporate equity securities
 
$
20,285

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-exchange traded securities
 
 

 
Market approach
 
EBITDA (a) multiple
 
4.4
 

 
 
 

 
 
 
Transaction level
 
$1
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Underlying stock price
 
$5 to $102
 
$19.0
Corporate debt securities
 
$
20,257

 
Convertible bond model
 
Discount rate/yield
 
86%
 

 
 
 
 
Market approach
 
Transaction level
 
$59
 

Collateralized debt obligations
 
$
49,923

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Constant prepayment rate
 
5% to 20%
 
13
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Constant default rate
 
2% to 8%
 
2
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Loss severity
 
25% to 90%
 
52
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Yield
 
6% to 13%
 
10
%
Residential mortgage-backed securities
 
$
70,263

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Constant prepayment rate
 
0% to 50%
 
13
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Constant default rate
 
1% to 9%
 
3
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Loss severity
 
25% to 70%
 
39
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Yield
 
1% to 9%
 
6
%
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
 
$
14,326

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Yield
 
7% to 30%
 
16
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Cumulative loss rate
 
2% to 63%
 
23
%
Other asset-backed securities
 
$
21,463

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Constant prepayment rate
 
6% to 8%
 
7
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Constant default rate
 
3% to 5%
 
4
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Loss severity
 
55% to 75%
 
62
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
Yield
 
7% to 22%
 
18
%
 
 
 
 
Over-collateralization
 
Over-collateralization percentage
 
117% to 125%
 
118
%
Loans and other receivables
 
$
161,470

 
Comparable pricing
 
Comparable loan price
 
$99 to $100
 
$99.7
 
 
 

 
Market approach
 
Yield
 
2% to 17%
 
12
%
 
 
 

 
   
 
EBITDA (a) multiple
 
10.0
 

 
 
 

 
Scenario analysis
 
Estimated  recovery percentage
 
6% to 100%
 
83
%
Derivatives
 
$
19,785

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Commodity forwards
 
 

 
Market approach
 
Discount rate/yield
 
47%
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Transaction level
 
$9,500,000
 

Unfunded commitment
 
 

 
Comparable pricing
 
Comparable loan price
 
$100
 

 
 
 
 
    Market approach
 
Credit spread
 
298 bps
 

Total return swap
 
 
 
Comparable pricing
 
Comparable loan price
 
$91.7 to $92.4
 
$92.1
Investments at fair value
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Private equity securities
 
$
29,940

 
Market approach
 
Transaction level
 
$64
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Enterprise value
 
$5,200,000
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate
 
15% to 30%
 
23
%
Investment in FXCM
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Term loan
 
$
203,700

 
Discounted cash flows
 
Term based on the pay off
 
0 months to 1.0 year
 
0.4 years
Rights
 
422,000

 
Option pricing model
 
Volatility
 
110%
 

 
 
$
625,700

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading Liabilities
 
Fair Value
(in thousands)
 
Valuation
 Technique
 
Significant
Unobservable Input(s)
 
Input/Range
 
Weighted
Average
Derivatives
 
$
19,543

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Equity options
 
 

 
Option model
 
Volatility
 
45%
 

 
 
 
 
Default rate
 
    Default probability
 
0%
 

Unfunded commitments
 
 

 
Comparable pricing
 
Comparable loan price
 
$79 to $100
 
$82.6
 
 
 
 
Market approach
 
Discount rate/yield
 
3% to 10%
 
10
%
 
 
 
 
Discounted cash flows
 
Constant prepayment rate
 
20%
 

 
 
 
 
   
 
Constant default rate
 
2%
 

 
 
 
 
   
 
Loss severity
 
25%
 

 
 
 
 
   
 
Yield
 
11%
 

Total return swap
 
 
 
Comparable pricing
 
Comparable loan price
 
$91.7 to $92.4
 
$92.1
Loans
 
$
10,469

 
Comparable pricing
 
Comparable loan price
 
$100
 


(a)
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”).
Summary Of Gains (Losses) Due To Changes In Instrument Specific Credit Risk For Loans and Other Receivables And Loan Commitments Measured At Fair Value Under Fair Value Option
The following is a summary of gains (losses) due to changes in instrument specific credit risk on loans, other receivables and debt instruments and gains (losses) due to other changes in fair value on long-term debt measured at fair value under the fair value option for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 (in thousands):
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2016
 
2015
Financial Instruments Owned:
 
 
 
Loans and other receivables
$
(15,462
)
 
$
5,389

 
 
 
 
Financial Instruments Sold:
 

 
 

Loans
$
48

 
$
(1,022
)
Loan commitments
$
(3,746
)
 
$
(7,166
)
 
 
 
 
Long-term Debt:
 

 
 

Changes in instrument specific credit risk (1)
$
(302
)
 
$

Other changes in fair value (2)
$
6,816

 
$


(1) Changes in instrument-specific credit risk related to structured notes are included in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
(2) Other changes in fair value include $6.9 million included within Principal transactions revenues and $42,000 included within Interest expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Summary Of Amount By Which Contractual Principal Exceeds Fair Value For Loans And Other Receivables Measured At Fair Value Under Fair Value Option
The following is a summary of the amount by which contractual principal exceeds fair value for loans and other receivables and long-term debt measured at fair value under the fair value option (in thousands):
 
March 31, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
Financial Instruments Owned:
 
 
 
Loans and other receivables (1)
$
494,444

 
$
408,369

Loans and other receivables greater than 90 days past due (1)
$
29,555

 
$
29,720

Loans and other receivables on nonaccrual status (1) (2)
$
154,319

 
$
54,652

Long-term Debt
$
6,420

 
$


(1)
Interest income is recognized separately from other changes in fair value and is included within Interest income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(2)
Amounts include all loans and other receivables greater than 90 days past due.