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Accounting Developments
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2015
New Accounting Pronouncements and Changes in Accounting Principles [Abstract]  
Accounting Developments
Accounting Developments
Discontinued Operations.  In January 2015, we adopted new Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) guidance on the reporting of discontinued operations.  The new guidance requires that disposal of a component of an entity or a group of components of an entity be reported as discontinued operations if the disposal represents a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity’s operations and financial results, and would require expanded disclosures.  The adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition.  In May 2014, the FASB issued new guidance that defines how companies report revenues from contracts with customers, and also requires enhanced disclosures.  The core principle of this new guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services.  This guidance originally was effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016.  In August 2015, the FASB issued guidance that deferred the effective date by one year, with early adoption on the original effective date permitted.  We are currently evaluating the impact this new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.

Repurchase Agreements.  In January 2015, we adopted the FASB’s new guidance that changes the accounting for repurchase-to-maturity transactions and linked repurchase financings to secured borrowing accounting, which is consistent with the accounting for other repurchase agreements.  This guidance did not significantly impact our consolidated results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.  Effective for interim periods beginning after March 31, 2015, the guidance also requires new disclosures about transfers that are accounted for as sales in transactions that are economically similar to repurchase agreements and increased transparency about the types of collateral pledged in repurchase agreements and similar transactions accounted for as secured borrowings.  We have provided the additional disclosures in our consolidated financial statements.

Consolidation.  In February 2015, the FASB issued new guidance that amends current consolidation guidance including changes to both the variable and voting interest models used to evaluate whether an entity should be consolidated.  This guidance also eliminates the deferral of certain consolidation standards for entities considered to be investment companies.  This guidance will be effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2015, and early adoption is permitted.  We will adopt this guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2016. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Debt Issuance Costs.  In April 2015, the FASB issued new guidance that requires debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability.  This guidance will be effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2015, and early adoption is permitted.  The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a significant impact on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value. In May 2015, the FASB issued new guidance that removes the requirement to include investments in the fair value hierarchy for which the fair value is measured at net asset value ("NAV") using the practical expedient. The guidance also removes the requirement to make certain disclosures for all investments that are eligible to be measured at fair value using the net asset value practical expedient. Rather, those disclosures are limited to investments for which we have elected to measure the fair value using that practical expedient. The guidance is effective retrospectively for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted and we have early adopted this guidance during the second quarter of 2015. Since the guidance only impacts our disclosures, adoption did not impact our consolidated financial statements.

Financial Instruments. In January 2016, the FASB issued new guidance that affects the accounting for equity investments, financial liabilities under the fair value option and the presentation and disclosure requirements for financial instruments. The guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. We are currently evaluating the impact this new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.