Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

The components of income tax expense (benefit) are as follows (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017
Federal – current	$	(13,810	)	$	20,107		$	6,994
State – current		19			2			95
Foreign – current		25,899			9,531			25,252
Total current		12,108			29,640			32,341
Federal – deferred		(67,015	)		(75,279	)		(85,066	)
Foreign – deferred		10,107			(714	)		12,939
Total deferred		(56,908	)		(75,993	)		(72,127	)
Total	$	(44,800	)	$	(46,353	)	$	(39,786	)

Difference Between Actual Income Tax Expense and Tax Provision Computed by Applying Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate to Income Before Taxes

The difference between actual income tax expense and the tax provision computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to income before taxes is attributable to the following (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017
(Loss) income before income tax expense:
U.S.	$	(339,072	)	$	(266,855	)	$	(241,178	)
Foreign		(62,942	)		40,230			219,738
	$	(402,014	)	$	(226,625	)	$	(21,440	)
Expected income tax benefit at federal statutory rate	$	(84,423	)	$	(47,591	)	$	(7,504	)
Effect of tax rate changes		(74,168	)		1,763			(74,294	)
Mandatory repatriation of earnings pursuant to Tax Reform Act		—			—			94,194
Effect of foreign operations		3,129			15			(42,102	)
Valuation allowance		11,650			11,929			(41,492	)
Uncertain tax positions, settlements and adjustments relating to prior years		96,960			(15,777	)		31,726
Other		2,052			3,308			(314	)
Income tax benefit	$	(44,800	)	$	(46,353	)	$	(39,786	)

Components of Deferred Income Tax Assets and Liabilities

Deferred Income Taxes. Significant components of our deferred income tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands):

	December 31,
	2019			2018
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards, or NOLs	$	253,973		$	209,679
Foreign tax credits		43,026			43,225
Disallowed interest deduction		40,777			16,248
Worker’s compensation and other current accruals		6,250			8,375
Deferred deductions		12,345			10,481
Deferred revenue		7,209			—
Operating lease liability		5,461			—
Other		4,367			6,380
Total deferred tax assets		373,408			294,388
Valuation allowance		(186,620	)		(174,970	)
Net deferred tax assets		186,788			119,418
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property, plant and equipment		(225,643	)		(212,251	)
Mobilization		(2,245	)		(11,012	)
Right-of-use assets		(5,461	)		—
Other		(967	)		(535	)
Total deferred tax liabilities		(234,316	)		(223,798	)
Net deferred tax liability	$	(47,528	)	$	(104,380	)

Summary of Rollforward of Beginning and Ending Amount of Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Excluding Interest and Penalties

A rollforward of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, is as follows (in thousands):

	For the Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017
Balance, beginning of period	$	(55,943	)	$	(81,864	)	$	(34,970	)
Additions for current year tax positions		(85,970	)		(2,906	)		(51,260	)
Additions for prior year tax positions		(2,113	)		(20,943	)		(2,938	)
Reductions for prior year tax positions		23,267			49,175			623
Reductions related to statute of limitation expirations		1,875			595			6,681
Balance, end of period	$	(118,884	)	$	(55,943	)	$	(81,864	)