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Investment Information (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Disclosure Investment Information [Abstract]  
Summary of fair value and cost or amortized cost of available for sale securities
The following table summarizes the fair value and cost or amortized cost of the Company’s securities classified as available for sale:
Estimated
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Allowance for Expected Credit Losses Cost or
Amortized
Cost
September 30, 2024
Fixed maturities:
Corporate bonds$13,996 $339 $(294)$(12)$13,963 
U.S. government and government agencies5,863 53 (48)— 5,858 
Asset backed securities2,989 27 (27)(5)2,994 
Non-U.S. government securities2,853 75 (84)(1)2,863 
Commercial mortgage backed securities1,146 (17)(1)1,156 
Residential mortgage backed securities1,313 14 (50)— 1,349 
Municipal bonds274 (11)— 283 
Total28,434 518 (531)(19)28,466 
Short-term investments3,341 (2)— 3,337 
Total$31,775 $524 $(533)$(19)$31,803 
December 31, 2023
Fixed maturities:
Corporate bonds$10,855 $157 $(464)$(20)$11,182 
U.S. government and government agencies5,814 63 (86)— 5,837 
Asset backed securities2,250 11 (55)(5)2,299 
Non-U.S. government securities2,062 33 (100)(1)2,130 
Commercial mortgage backed securities1,213 (34)(2)1,246 
Residential mortgage backed securities1,103 (66)— 1,162 
Municipal bonds256 (20)— 275 
Total23,553 275 (825)(28)24,131 
Short-term investments2,063 (2)— 2,064 
Total$25,616 $276 $(827)$(28)$26,195 
Summary of available for sale securities in a continual unrealized loss position
The following table summarizes, for all available for sale securities in an unrealized loss position, the fair value and gross unrealized loss by length of time the security has been in a continual unrealized loss position:
 Less than 12 Months12 Months or MoreTotal
Estimated
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
September 30, 2024
Fixed maturities:
Corporate bonds$1,903 $(76)$3,316 $(218)$5,219 $(294)
U.S. government and government agencies1,815 (10)571 (38)2,386 (48)
Non-U.S. government securities614 (8)743 (76)1,357 (84)
Residential mortgage backed securities213 (2)485 (48)698 (50)
Asset backed securities199 (3)442 (24)641 (27)
Commercial mortgage backed securities176 (1)644 (16)820 (17)
Municipal bonds— 185 (11)186 (11)
Total4,921 (100)6,386 (431)11,307 (531)
Short-term investments362 (2)— — 362 (2)
Total$5,283 $(102)$6,386 $(431)$11,669 $(533)
December 31, 2023
Fixed maturities:
Corporate bonds$1,559 $(45)$4,959 $(419)$6,518 $(464)
U.S. government and government agencies1,066 (10)941 (76)2,007 (86)
Non-U.S. government securities365 (4)897 (96)1,262 (100)
Residential mortgage backed securities221 (3)522 (63)743 (66)
Asset backed securities234 (1)1,112 (54)1,346 (55)
Commercial mortgage backed securities100 (1)909 (33)1,009 (34)
Municipal bonds20 (1)215 (19)235 (20)
Total3,565 (65)9,555 (760)13,120 (825)
Short-term investments302 (2)— — 302 (2)
Total$3,867 $(67)$9,555 $(760)$13,422 $(827)
Contractual maturities of the Company's fixed maturities
The contractual maturities of the Company’s fixed maturities are shown in the following table. Expected maturities, which are management’s best estimates, will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
MaturityEstimated
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
Estimated
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
Due in one year or less$430 $445 $480 $499 
Due after one year through five years15,533 15,457 12,924 13,101 
Due after five years through 10 years6,572 6,595 5,249 5,450 
Due after 10 years451 470 334 374 
 22,986 22,967 18,987 19,424 
Residential mortgage backed securities1,313 1,349 1,103 1,162 
Commercial mortgage backed securities1,146 1,156 1,213 1,246 
Asset backed securities2,989 2,994 2,250 2,299 
Total$28,434 $28,466 $23,553 $24,131 
Summary of other investments, at fair value
The following table summarizes the Company’s other investments:
September 30,
2024
December 31,
2023
Other investments$2,096 $1,777 
Fixed maturities 1,097 683 
Short term investments61 21 
Equity securities
Total$3,261 $2,488 
The following table summarizes the Company’s other investments, as detailed in the previous table, by strategy:
September 30,
2024
December 31,
2023
Investment grade fixed income$957 $754 
Term loan investments499 272 
Lending299 427 
Private equity212 182 
Credit related funds111 124 
Energy18 18 
Total$2,096 $1,777 
Components of net investment income
The components of net investment income were derived from the following sources:
September 30,
 20242023
Three Months Ended
Fixed maturities$340 $243 
Short term investments38 19 
Equity securities
Other (1)35 22 
Gross investment income422 289 
Investment expenses(23)(20)
Net investment income$399 $269 
Nine Months Ended
Fixed maturities$926 $645 
Short term investments102 48 
Equity securities27 15 
Other (1)103 60 
Gross investment income1,158 768 
Investment expenses(68)(58)
Net investment income$1,090 $710 
(1)    Amounts include dividends and other distributions on investment funds, term loan investments, funds held balances, cash balances and other items.
Summary of net realized gains (losses), including change in allowance for credit losses on financial assets and net impairment losses recognized in earnings
Net realized gains (losses), which include changes in the allowance for credit losses on financial assets and net impairment losses recognized in earnings were as follows:
September 30,
 20242023
Three Months Ended
Available for sale securities:  
Gross gains on investment sales$104 $12 
Gross losses on investment sales(50)(116)
Change in fair value of assets and liabilities accounted for using the fair value option:
Fixed maturities25 (16)
Other investments(120)
Equity securities, at fair value:
Net realized gains (losses) on sales during the period15 14 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities still held at reporting date58 (46)
Allowance for credit losses:
Investments related— 
Underwriting related(1)
Derivative instruments (1)125 (102)
Other
Net realized gains (losses)$169 $(248)
Nine Months Ended
Available for sale securities:
Gross gains on investment sales$167 $51 
Gross losses on investment sales(205)(396)
Change in fair value of assets and liabilities accounted for using the fair value option:
Fixed maturities23 (12)
Other investments(150)17 
Equity securities— 
Equity securities, at fair value:
Net realized gains (losses) on sales during the period31 50 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities still held at reporting date147 17 
Allowance for credit losses:
Investments related(23)
Underwriting related— (2)
Derivative instruments (1)116 (61)
Other (2)225 
Net realized gains (losses)$358 $(354)
(1)    See note 10 for information on the Company’s derivative instruments.
(2)    Amounts include benefits from the sale of Castel Underwriting Agencies Limited and the acquisition of RMIC.
Summary of investments accounted for using equity method
The following table summarizes the Company’s investments accounted for using the equity method, by strategy:
September 30,
2024
December 31,
2023
Private equity$1,737 $1,175 
Credit related funds1,366 1,258 
Real estate721 666 
Lending474 597 
Fixed income377 277 
Infrastructure323 320 
Equities177 178 
Energy69 95 
Total$5,244 $4,566 
Summary of investments in limited partnership interests where the Company has a variable interest
The following table summarizes investments in limited partnership interests where the Company has a variable interest by balance sheet line item:
September 30,
2024
December 31,
2023
Investments accounted for using the equity method (1)$5,244 $4,566 
Investments accounted for using the fair value option (2)83 114 
Total$5,327 $4,680 
(1)    Aggregate unfunded commitments were $4.3 billion at September 30, 2024, compared with $3.4 billion at December 31, 2023.
(2)    Aggregate unfunded commitments were $21 million at September 30, 2024, compared to $32 million at December 31, 2023.
Rollforward of the allowance for expected credit losses of securities classified as available for sale
The following table provides a roll forward of the allowance for expected credit losses of the Company’s securities classified as available for sale:
Structured Securities (1)Corporate
Bonds
Non-U.S.
Government
Securities
Total
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Balance at beginning of period$10 $16 $$27 
Additions (reductions) for previously recognized expected credit losses (3)(3)— (6)
Reductions due to disposals(1)(1)— (2)
Balance at end of period$$12 $$19 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Balance at beginning of period$$50 $$61 
Additions for current-period provision for expected credit losses— 
Additions (reductions) for previously recognized expected credit losses — (3)— (3)
Reductions due to disposals(2)(4)(1)(7)
Balance at end of period$$47 $$57 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Balance at beginning of year$$20 $$28 
Additions (reductions) for previously recognized expected credit losses— (4)— (4)
Reductions due to disposals(1)(4)— (5)
Balance at end of period$$12 $$19 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Balance at beginning of year$$30 $$41 
Additions for current-period provision for expected credit losses— 
Additions (reductions) for previously recognized expected credit losses(1)18 18 
Reductions due to disposals(2)(6)(1)(9)
Balance at end of period$$47 $$57 
(1)    Includes asset backed securities, residential mortgage backed securities and commercial mortgage backed securities.
Summary of restricted assets
The following table details the value of the Company’s restricted assets:
September 30,
2024
December 31,
2023
Assets used for collateral or guarantees:  
Affiliated transactions$5,306 $4,854 
Third party agreements (1)5,679 2,869 
Deposits with U.S. regulatory authorities883 833 
Other (2)1,453 1,376 
Total restricted assets$13,321 $9,932 
(1)    2024 period includes amounts related to the MCE Acquisition.
(2)    Primarily includes Funds at Lloyds, deposits with non-U.S. regulatory authorities and other restricted assets.
Reconciliation of cash and restricted cash
The following table details reconciliation of cash and restricted cash within the Consolidated Balance Sheets:
September 30,
2024
December 31,
2023
Cash$1,025 $917 
Restricted cash (included in ‘other assets’)687 581 
Cash and restricted cash$1,712 $1,498