Shareholders' Equity

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2013

Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]

Shareholders' Equity

11.SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Stock‑Based Compensation

We compensate officers, directors, and employees with stock‑based compensation under two stock plans approved by the Company’s shareholders in 2006 and 2011 and administered under the supervision of our Board of Directors. In February 1995 and April 2005, we adopted the 1995 Long‑Term Incentive and Stock Option Plan (the 1995 Plan) and the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan (the 2005 Plan), respectively, which provide for the granting of incentive (ISO) and non‑qualified (NQO) stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards and performance awards to our officers, directors, employees, consultants and independent contractors. The 1995 Plan terminated in February 2005, although options granted under the 1995 Plan remain outstanding according to their terms. Options granted under the plans generally vest over three to five years and have a contractual term of six to 10 years.  At December 31, 2013, a total of 205,750 shares were available for future grant under the 2005 Plan. Shares will be available for issuance under the 2005 Plan until May 17, 2015.

The following table summarizes stock option activity for 2013, 2012 and 2011:

	2013			2012			2011
	Shares	WAEP*		Shares	WAEP*		Shares	WAEP*
Options outstanding at beginning of year	398,893	$	7.95	535,333	$	9.58	463,433	$	9.11
Granted	86,000	$	6.82	159,750	$	5.12	156,000	$	10.21
Exercised	(2,333)	$	3.65	(56,000)	$	2.17	(32,100)	$	3.29
Expired	(4,000)	$	9.00	(16,000)	$	15.00	(12,000)	$	15.70
Forfeited	(138,810)	$	10.28	(224,190)	$	10.74	(40,000)	$	9.79
Options outstanding at end of year	339,750	$	6.73	398,893	$	7.95	535,333	$	9.58
Options eligible for exercise at year-end	130,688	$	7.71	160,143	$	9.84	249,333	$	8.81

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    *Weighted Average Exercise Price

Options outstanding at December 31, 2013 had a weighted average remaining contractual term of 6.9 years and an aggregate intrinsic value of approximately $9,000. Options eligible for exercise at December 31, 2013 had a weighted average remaining contractual term of 5.0 years and an aggregate intrinsic value of $2,250.

The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 was $4,000,  $208,000 and $211,000, respectively.

The fair value of stock options granted under stock‑based compensation programs has been estimated as of the date of each grant using the multiple option form of the Black‑Scholes valuation model, based on the grant price and assumptions regarding the expected grant life, stock price volatility, dividends, and risk‑free interest rates. Each vesting period of an option award is valued separately, with this value being recognized evenly over the vesting period. The weighted average per share grant date fair value of options to purchase 86,000,  159,750 and 156,000 shares granted for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 was $3.53,  $1.82 and $3.35, respectively. The weighted average assumptions used to determine the fair value of stock options granted during those fiscal years were as follows:

	2013		2012		2011
Expected life (in years)	5.0		4.8		3.1
Risk-free interest rate	1.52	%	0.72	%	1.47	%
Expected volatility	60	%	42	%	44	%
Dividend yield	0	%	0	%	0	%

The expected life represents the period that the stock option awards are expected to be outstanding and was determined based on historical and anticipated future exercise and expiration patterns. The risk‑free interest rate used is based on the yield of constant maturity U.S. Treasury bonds on the grant date with a remaining term equal to the expected life of the grant. We estimate stock price volatility based on a historical weekly price observation. The dividend yield assumption is based on the annualized current dividend divided by the share price on the grant date.  We have not historically paid any cash dividends and do not expect to do so in the foreseeable future.

Other information pertaining to options for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:

		2013		2012		2011
Cash received from the exercise of options	$	8,500	$	121,000	$	105,000
Stock-based compensation expense recognized
within general and administrative expense on
the consolidated statements of operations		213,000		244,000		412,000
Excess income tax benefits from exercise of stock options		-		71,000		37,000

Stock Awards

We issue stock awards as a portion of the annual retainer for each director on a quarterly basis.  The stock awards are fully vested at the time of issuance. Compensation expense related to stock awards is determined on the grant date based on the publicly quoted fair market value of our common stock and is charged to earnings on the grant date.  During the quarter ended December 31, 2013, there were stock awards issued for 3,645 shares with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $5.14.  For the year ended December 31, 2013, there were stock awards issued for 13,395 shares with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $5.60.