4. Acquisitions and Dispositions

Rexam

On June 30, 2016, Ball acquired 100 percent of the outstanding shares of Rexam, a U.K.-based beverage container manufacturer, for the purchase price of £2.9 billion ($3.8 billion) in cash, and 32.25 million treasury shares of Ball Corporation common stock (valued at $71.39 per share for a total share consideration of $2.3 billion). Additionally, the company recorded $24 million of consideration for stock-based compensation. The common shares were valued using the price on the date of acquisition and were presented as a reduction of treasury stock. The cash portion of the acquisition price was paid in July 2016 using proceeds from restricted cash held in escrow and borrowings under the $1.4 billion and €1.1 billion Term A loan facilities obtained in March 2016 (discussed further in the long-term debt section below).

The consummation of the acquisition was subject to, among other things, approval from Ball’s shareholders, approval from Rexam’s shareholders, certain regulatory approvals and satisfaction of other customary closing conditions. In order to satisfy certain regulatory requirements, the company was required to sell the Divestment Business.

The sale of the Divestment Business to Ardagh Group S.A. (Ardagh), was completed concurrently on June 30, 2016, for $3.42 billion, subject to customary closing adjustments and certain transaction service arrangements between Ball and Ardagh during a transition period. The sale agreement with Ardagh in respect of the Divestment Business contains customary representations, warranties, covenants and provisions allocating liabilities, as well as indemnification obligations to and from Ardagh, pursuant to which claims may be made when applicable. A pre tax gain of $344 million was recorded in connection with the sale within business consolidation and other activities and is subject to finalization of working capital and other items. As a condition of the sale of the Divestment Business to Ardagh, the company has guaranteed a minimum volume of sales for the Divestment Business in 2017, whereby the company would be required to pay Ardagh up to $75 million based upon any shortfall of 2017 sales relative to an agreed-upon minimum threshold. Additionally, the company entered into a supply agreement with Ardagh to manufacture and sell can ends to the Divestment Business in Brazil in exchange for proceeds of $103 million, which have been included in other, net, in operating activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows.

The portion of the Divestment Business composed of Ball's legacy beverage packaging businesses had earnings before taxes as shown below. These earnings before taxes may not be indicative of the earnings before taxes that would be generated by these components of the Divestment Business in future periods. Additionally, due to complexities associated with how Ball's legacy beverage packaging businesses included in the Divestment Business were integrated into Ball Corporation in historical periods, these earnings before taxes may not be indicative of the earnings before taxes of these components of the Divestment Business were they to be operated as a standalone business or businesses.

The Rexam portion of the Divestment Business is not included in the table above as the financial information is not included in Ball’s historical results.

A total of 54 manufacturing facilities were acquired from Rexam, including 17 in the U.S., 20 in Europe, 12 in South America and five in the AMEA region. A total of 22 manufacturing facilities were sold as part of the Divestment Business, including 12 Ball facilities and 10 Rexam facilities. Of these 22 facilities, eight are located in the U.S., 12 are located in Europe and two are located in Brazil. The company has a total of 75 beverage manufacturing facilities and joint ventures after the completion of the acquisition and the sale of the Divestment Business.

This acquisition aligns with Ball’s Drive for 10 vision, including the company’s longstanding capital allocation strategy and EVA philosophy. The combination creates the world’s largest supplier of beverage containers allowing the company to better serve its customers with its enhanced geographic footprint and innovative product offerings. In particular, Ball expects the acquisition to deliver long-term shareholder value through optimizing global sourcing, reducing general and administrative expenses, sharing best practices to improve production efficiencies and leveraging its footprint to lower freight, logistics and warehousing costs. In addition, further value can be created through balance sheet improvements with a focus on working capital and inventory management and sustainability priorities as a result of the larger plant network.

The acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination and its results of operations have been included in the company’s consolidated statements of earnings and cash flows from the date of acquisition. In addition, pretax charges totaling $216 million were incurred for transaction costs associated with the acquisition, which, in accordance with current accounting guidance, were expensed as incurred. The transaction costs are included in the business consolidation and other activities line of the consolidated statement of earnings. and $114 million of these costs were incurred in 2016.

In connection with the acquisition, Ball assumed Rexam debt of approximately $2.8 billion of which approximately $2.7 billion was extinguished during July and August 2016. The proceeds from the sale of the Divestment Business were partially used to extinguish the assumed Rexam debt.

The valuation by management of certain assets and liabilities is still in process and, therefore, these fair values are preliminary in nature and are subject to adjustment as additional information is obtained about the facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. Upon completion of detailed valuation analyses, there may be adjustments to the valuation of the assigned values of acquired assets and liabilities, including but not limited to intangible assets and property, plant and equipment that may give rise to increases or decreases in the amounts of depreciation and amortization expense. The final determination of the fair values will be completed within the measurement period of up to one year from the acquisition date as permitted under U.S. GAAP and any adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period will be recorded in the reporting period in which the adjustment is determined. The size and complexity of the acquisition of Rexam could necessitate the need to use the full one year measurement period to adequately analyze and assess a number of the factors used in establishing the asset and liability fair values as of the acquisition date including contractual and operational factors underlying the intangible assets. Any potential adjustments made could be material in relation to the preliminary values presented in the table below.

The company adjusted the preliminary allocation of the purchase price for the Rexam acquisition during the six months ended December 31, 2016. The significant items that changed were a decrease in other assets of $280 million, a decrease in other current liabilities of $76 million and a decrease in deferred taxes and other liabilities of $206 million. These adjustments have been reflected in the preliminary allocations of the purchase price. The impacts of all adjustments have been reflected in the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016. The primary areas of the purchase price allocation that are not yet finalized relate to fixed assets and operating leases, income and non-income taxes, the valuation of intangible assets acquired and residual goodwill. The preliminary amounts assigned to intangible assets by type for the Rexam acquisition were based on the company’s valuation model and historical experiences with entities with similar business characteristics. The preliminary amounts are summarized in the table below:


	June 30,
($ in millions)	2016

Cash	$	450
Receivables, net		788
Inventories, net		794
Other current assets		164
Assets held for sale (sold to Ardagh on June 30, 2016)		913
Total current assets		3,109
Property, plant and equipment		2,296
Goodwill		3,771
Intangible assets		1,888
Restricted cash		174
Other assets		441
Total assets acquired		11,679

Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt		2,792
Accounts payable		868
Accrued employee costs		135
Liabilities held for sale (sold to Ardagh on June 30, 2016)		7
Other current liabilities		371
Total current liabilities		4,173

Long-term debt		28
Employee benefit obligations		503
Deferred taxes and other liabilities		721
Total liabilities assumed		5,425

Net assets acquired		6,254

Noncontrolling interests		(94)
Aggregate value of consideration paid	$	6,160

The following table details the identifiable intangible assets acquired, their preliminary fair values and estimated useful lives:


($ in millions)	Fair Value		Weighted- Average Estimated Useful Life (in Years)

Customer relationships	$	1,840	15
Trademarks		40	5
Technology		8	9
	$	1,888

Because the acquisition of Rexam was a stock purchase, neither the goodwill nor the intangible assets acquired are deductible under local country corporate tax laws but will generally be deductible in computing earnings and profits for U.S. tax purposes.

Included in the company’s results for the year ended December 31, 2016, was $2.3 billion in net sales from the acquired Rexam business. Due to ongoing integration activities, it is impracticable to determine and separately disclose the earnings impact from the acquired Rexam business.

The following unaudited pro forma consolidated results of operations (pro forma information) have been prepared as if the acquisition of Rexam and the sale of the Divestment Business had occurred as of January 1, 2015. The pro forma information combines the historical results of Ball and Rexam. The pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of the actual results that would have occurred had the acquisition been in effect for the periods presented, nor are they necessarily indicative of the results that may be obtained in the future.


	December 31,
($ in millions, except per share amounts)	2016		2015

Net sales (1)	$	10,455	$	11,190
Net earnings attributable to Ball Corporation (2)		171		(350)
Basic earnings (loss) per share		0.98		(2.00)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share		0.96		(2.00)

(1)

Net sales were adjusted to include net sales of Rexam. The company also excluded the net sales attributable to the Divestment Business.

(2)

Pro forma adjustments to net earnings attributable to Ball Corporation were adjusted as follows:

Excludes acquisition-related transaction costs and debt refinancing costs incurred in the year ended December 31, 2016 pro forma statements of earnings. The twelve months ended December 31, 2015 pro forma net earnings were adjusted to include the acquisition-related transaction costs and debt refinancing costs incurred in the year ended December 31, 2016, as the pro forma information shown assumes that the Rexam acquisition has been consummated as of January 1, 2015.

Includes interest expense associated with the new debt utilized to finance the acquisition.

Includes depreciation and amortization expense based on the increased fair value of property, plant and equipment and amortizable intangible assets acquired.

Includes an additional charge to cost of sales of $84 million in the year ended December 31, 2015, based on the step up value of inventory.

Excludes net earnings attributable to the Divestment Business for the year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015.

Excludes the gain on sale of the Divestment Business in the year ended December 31, 2016.

All of these pro forma adjustments were adjusted for the applicable income tax impacts. Ball has applied enacted statutory tax rates in the U.K. for the respective periods. Ball has used a tax rate of 20.0 percent and 20.25 percent to calculate the financing, acquisition and divestment business-related adjustments for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. However, the tax impact on acquisition-related transaction costs already incurred were recorded at a U.S. statutory rate of approximately 37 percent as these transaction costs were incurred in the U.S. These rates may be subject to change and may not be reflective of Ball’s effective tax rate for future periods after consummation of the acquisition and sale of the Divestment Business.

In the fourth quarter of 2015, Ball completed the acquisition of the remaining outstanding noncontrolling interests in a Ball-consolidated joint venture company (Latapack-Ball) organized and operating in Brazil. Ball and its joint venture partners reached an agreement for the partners to exchange all of their interest in Latapack-Ball for a total of approximately 5.7 million treasury shares of Ball common stock and $17 million of cash. The acquisition of the noncontrolling interests in the joint venture was completed in December 2015, and Latapack-Ball is now a wholly owned subsidiary of Ball and its results are recorded in the beverage packaging, South America, segment.

Currency Exchange Rate and Interest Rate Risks

The company entered into collar and option contracts to partially mitigate its currency exchange rate risk associated with the British pound denominated cash portion of the purchase price from February 19, 2015, through the closing date of the Rexam acquisition. In June 2016, the company terminated the collar and option contracts with notional amounts that totaled approximately £1.4 billion ($1.8 billion). In connection with the December 2015 issuance of $1 billion senior notes due 2020, the company executed cross-currency swaps to convert this fixed-rate U.S. dollar debt to fixed-rate euro debt for the life of the notes to more effectively match the future cash flows of the company. The cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of $1 billion were terminated on June 30, 2016. These contracts were not designated as hedges for accounting purposes, and therefore, changes in the fair value of these contracts were recorded in the consolidated statements of earnings in business consolidation and other activities.

The company entered into interest rate swaps to hedge against rising U.S. and European interest rates to minimize its interest rate exposure associated with anticipated debt issuances in connection with the acquisition of Rexam. As of June 30, 2016, the company terminated all interest rate swaps and interest rate option contracts. None of these contracts have been designated as hedges; therefore, changes in the fair value of these interest rate swap and option contracts have been recorded in the consolidated statements of earnings in debt refinancing and other costs, a component of total interest expense.

For further details related to the aforementioned currency exchange rate and interest rate risks, and the valuation of these derivatives, see Notes 5 and 20.

Wavefront Technologies (Wavefront)

In January 2016, the company acquired Wavefront located in Annapolis Junction, Maryland, for total cash consideration of $36 million, net of cash acquired. Wavefront provides systems and network engineering, software development software and analytical services for cyber and mission-focused programs to the U.S. government and commercial industry. The financial results of Wavefront have been included in our aerospace segment from the date of acquisition. The acquisition is not material to the company.

Sonoco Products Company (Sonoco)

In February 2015, the company acquired Sonoco’s metal end and closure manufacturing facilities in Canton, Ohio, and entered into a long-term supply agreement with Sonoco in exchange for total cash of $29 million paid at closing, $11 million of contingent cash consideration and $24 million of contingent noncash consideration.

The facilities manufacture multiple-sized closures for the metal food container market, including high quality steel and aluminum easy-open ends. The financial results of Sonoco have been included in our food and aerosol packaging segment from the date of acquisition. The acquisition is not material to the company.

Food and Aerosol Specialty Tin Business

In October 2016, the company sold its specialty tin manufacturing facility in Baltimore, Maryland, for approximately $24 million in cash and recorded a $9 million gain on the sale.

December 31,

($ in millions)

Earnings before taxes

Earnings before taxes attributable to Ball Corporation