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Note 7. Goodwill and Other Intangibles
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2016
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Note 7. Goodwill and Other Intangibles

Goodwill

Goodwill consists of the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired in connection with business acquisitions.

 

A reconciliation of the change in the carrying value of goodwill is as follows.

 

     Restaurants     Other     Total 
Goodwill at December 31, 2015 .........................................................................    $        28,109    $          11,913    $      40,022
Change in foreign exchange rates during first nine months 2016...........                     19                       -                      19
Goodwill at September 30, 2016  ..................................................................    $        28,128    $          11,913    $      40,041

 

We are required to assess goodwill and any indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually, or more frequently if circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. The analysis of potential impairment of goodwill requires a two-step approach. The first is the estimation of fair value of each reporting unit. If step one indicates that impairment potentially exists, the second step is performed to measure the amount of impairment, if any. Goodwill impairment occurs when the estimated fair value of goodwill is less than its carrying value.

 

The valuation methodology and underlying financial information included in our determination of fair value require significant management judgments. We use both market and income approaches to derive fair value. The judgments in these two approaches include, but are not limited to, comparable market multiples, long-term projections of future financial performance, and the selection of appropriate discount rates used to determine the present value of future cash flows. Changes in such estimates or the application of alternative assumptions could produce significantly different results. No impairment charges for goodwill were recorded in the first nine months of 2016 or 2015.

Other Intangibles

Other intangibles are composed of the following.

 

    September 30, 2016   December 31, 2015
    Gross carrying amount   Accumulated amortization   Total   Gross carrying amount   Accumulated amortization   Total
Franchise agreement ............................    $     5,310    $           (3,452)    $    1,858    $     5,310    $       (3,054)    $   2,256
Other ...................................................              810                    (697)             113              810                (667)            143
Total ....................................................           6,120                 (4,149)          1,971           6,120             (3,721)         2,399
Intangible assets with indefinite lives:                        
Trade names ........................................         15,876                        -           15,876         15,876                    -          15,876
Other assets with indefinite lives ........           3,516                        -             3,516           3,398                    -            3,398
Total intangible assets  ........................    $   25,512    $           (4,149)    $  21,363    $   25,394    $       (3,721)    $ 21,673

 

Intangible assets subject to amortization consist of franchise agreements connected with the purchase of Western as well as rights to favorable leases related to prior acquisitions. These intangible assets are being amortized over their estimated weighted average of useful lives ranging from eight to twelve years.

 

Amortization expense for the first nine months of 2016 and 2015 was $428 and $431, respectively. Total annual amortization expense for years 2017 through 2019 will approximate $559 per year. The Company’s intangible assets with definite lives will fully amortize in 2020.

 

Intangible assets with indefinite lives consist of trade names, franchise rights as well as lease rights.