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Investments (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2014
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities Available-for-Sale
The following table presents the fixed maturity and equity securities AFS by sector. Redeemable preferred stock is reported within U.S. corporate and foreign corporate fixed maturity securities and non-redeemable preferred stock is reported within equity securities. Included within fixed maturity securities are structured securities including RMBS, ABS and commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”).
 
December 31, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
 
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross Unrealized
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross Unrealized
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
 
Gains
 
Temporary
Losses
 
OTTI
Losses
 
Gains
 
Temporary
Losses
 
OTTI
Losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(In millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. corporate
$
59,532

 
$
6,246

 
$
421

 
$
—

 
$
65,357

 
$
60,244

 
$
4,678

 
$
693

 
$
—

 
$
64,229

U.S. Treasury and agency
34,391

 
4,698

 
19

 
—

 
39,070

 
29,508

 
1,730

 
694

 
—

 
30,544

Foreign corporate
28,395

 
1,934

 
511

 
—

 
29,818

 
27,082

 
1,959

 
285

 
—

 
28,756

RMBS
26,893

 
1,493

 
157

 
66

 
28,163

 
24,119

 
1,109

 
368

 
150

 
24,710

ABS (1)
8,206

 
102

 
82

 
—

 
8,226

 
7,789

 
151

 
117

 
(1
)
 
7,824

CMBS
7,705

 
241

 
33

 
—

 
7,913

 
8,203

 
262

 
89

 
—

 
8,376

State and political subdivision
5,329

 
1,197

 
6

 
—

 
6,520

 
5,386

 
467

 
76

 
—

 
5,777

Foreign government
3,153

 
761

 
70

 
—

 
3,844

 
3,040

 
597

 
107

 
—

 
3,530

Total fixed maturity securities
$
173,604

 
$
16,672

 
$
1,299

 
$
66

 
$
188,911

 
$
165,371

 
$
10,953

 
$
2,429

 
$
149

 
$
173,746

Equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock
$
1,236

 
$
142

 
$
26

 
$
—

 
$
1,352

 
$
1,070

 
$
97

 
$
3

 
$
—

 
$
1,164

Non-redeemable preferred stock
690

 
53

 
30

 
—

 
713

 
743

 
62

 
77

 
—

 
728

Total equity securities
$
1,926

 
$
195

 
$
56

 
$
—

 
$
2,065

 
$
1,813

 
$
159

 
$
80

 
$
—

 
$
1,892

______________
(1)
The noncredit loss component of OTTI losses was in an unrealized gain position of $1 million for ABS at December 31, 2013, due to increases in estimated fair value subsequent to initial recognition of noncredit losses on such securities. See also “—Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses).”
Available-for-sale fixed maturity securities contractual maturity date
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of fixed maturity securities, by contractual maturity date, were as follows at:
 
December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
(In millions)
Due in one year or less
$
5,841

 
$
5,902

 
$
6,411

 
$
6,516

Due after one year through five years
36,600

 
38,115

 
34,696

 
36,556

Due after five years through ten years
39,257

 
41,519

 
35,725

 
38,347

Due after ten years
49,102

 
59,073

 
48,428

 
51,417

Subtotal
130,800

 
144,609

 
125,260

 
132,836

Structured securities (RMBS, ABS and CMBS)
42,804

 
44,302

 
40,111

 
40,910

Total fixed maturity securities
$
173,604

 
$
188,911

 
$
165,371

 
$
173,746

Continuous Gross Unrealized Loss and OTTI Loss for Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities Available-for-Sale
The following table presents the estimated fair value and gross unrealized losses of fixed maturity and equity securities AFS in an unrealized loss position, aggregated by sector and by length of time that the securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position.
 
December 31, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
 
Less than 12 Months
 
Equal to or Greater than 12 Months
 
Less than 12 Months
 
Equal to or Greater than 12 Months
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
(In millions, except number of securities)
Fixed maturity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. corporate
$
8,950

 
$
260

 
$
2,251

 
$
161

 
$
8,512

 
$
426

 
$
1,948

 
$
267

U.S. Treasury and agency
3,933

 
6

 
982

 
13

 
10,077

 
687

 
33

 
7

Foreign corporate
7,052

 
397

 
1,165

 
114

 
4,217

 
176

 
952

 
109

RMBS
3,141

 
63

 
1,900

 
160

 
8,194

 
291

 
1,675

 
227

ABS
3,147

 
45

 
732

 
37

 
1,701

 
28

 
530

 
88

CMBS
772

 
20

 
461

 
13

 
2,022

 
74

 
221

 
15

State and political subdivision
26

 
—

 
76

 
6

 
737

 
44

 
92

 
32

Foreign government
327

 
32

 
265

 
38

 
763

 
94

 
54

 
13

Total fixed maturity securities
$
27,348

 
$
823

 
$
7,832

 
$
542

 
$
36,223

 
$
1,820

 
$
5,505

 
$
758

Equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock
$
98

 
$
26

 
$
1

 
$
—

 
$
37

 
$
3

 
$
—

 
$
—

Non-redeemable preferred stock
32

 
—

 
139

 
30

 
222

 
41

 
125

 
36

Total equity securities
$
130

 
$
26

 
$
140

 
$
30

 
$
259

 
$
44

 
$
125

 
$
36

Total number of securities in an
unrealized loss position
1,997

 
 
 
642

 
 
 
2,211

 
 
 
469

 
 
Disclosure of Mortgage Loans Net of Valuation Allowance
Mortgage loans are summarized as follows at:
 
December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
Carrying
Value
 
% of
Total
 
Carrying
Value
 
% of
Total
 
(In millions)
 
 
 
(In millions)
 
 
Mortgage loans held-for-investment:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
$
32,482

 
66.2
 %
 
$
33,072

 
71.9
 %
Agricultural
11,033

 
22.5

 
11,025

 
24.0

Residential
5,494

 
11.2

 
1,858

 
4.0

Subtotal (1)
49,009

 
99.9

 
45,955

 
99.9

Valuation allowances
(258
)
 
(0.5
)
 
(272
)
 
(0.6
)
Subtotal mortgage loans held-for-investment, net
48,751

 
99.4

 
45,683

 
99.3

Residential — FVO
308

 
0.6

 
338

 
0.7

Total mortgage loans held-for-investment, net
49,059

 
100.0

 
46,021

 
100.0

Mortgage loans held-for-sale
—

 
—

 
3

 
—

Total mortgage loans, net
$
49,059

 
100.0
 %
 
$
46,024

 
100.0
 %
______________
(1)
Purchases of mortgage loans were $4.7 billion and $2.2 billion for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses, Provision for Loss, Net
The changes in the valuation allowance, by portfolio segment, were as follows:
 
Commercial    
 
Agricultural    
 
Residential    
 
Total    
 
(In millions)
Balance at January 1, 2012
$
318

 
$
75

 
$
—

 
$
393

Provision (release)
(50
)
 
2

 
—

 
(48
)
Charge-offs, net of recoveries
(12
)
 
(24
)
 
—

 
(36
)
Transfers to held-for-sale
—

 
(5
)
 
—

 
(5
)
Balance at December 31, 2012
256

 
48

 
—

 
304

Provision (release)
(43
)
 
3

 
19

 
(21
)
Charge-offs, net of recoveries
—

 
(11
)
 
—

 
(11
)
Transfers to held-for-sale
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Balance at December 31, 2013
213

 
40

 
19

 
272

Provision (release)
(8
)
 
(4
)
 
27

 
15

Charge-offs, net of recoveries
(23
)
 
(1
)
 
(5
)
 
(29
)
Transfers to held-for-sale
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Balance at December 31, 2014
$
182

 
$
35

 
$
41

 
$
258


Schedule of Financing Receivables, Non Accrual Status
The past due and accrual status of mortgage loans at recorded investment, prior to valuation allowances, by portfolio segment, were as follows at:
 
Past Due
 
Nonaccrual Status
 
December 31, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
 
December 31, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
 
(In millions)
Commercial
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
75

 
$
169

Agricultural
1

 
44

 
41

 
47

Residential
149

 
46

 
149

 
46

Total
$
150

 
$
90

 
$
265

 
$
262

Investment in leveraged leases
Investment in leveraged and direct financing leases consisted of the following at:
 
December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
Leveraged Leases
 
Direct Financing Leases
 
Leveraged Leases
 
Direct Financing Leases
 
(In millions)
Rental receivables, net
$
1,320

 
$
406

 
$
1,393

 
$
413

Estimated residual values
827

 
57

 
853

 
52

Subtotal
2,147

 
463

 
2,246

 
465

Unearned income
(686
)
 
(178
)
 
(742
)
 
(177
)
Investment in leases, net of non-recourse debt
$
1,461

 
$
285

 
$
1,504

 
$
288

Net income from investment in leveraged leases
The components of income from investments in leveraged and direct financing leases, excluding net investment gains (losses), were as follows:
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2014
 
2013
 
2012
 
Leveraged Leases
 
Direct Financing Leases
 
Leveraged Leases
 
Direct Financing Leases
 
Leveraged Leases
 
Direct Financing Leases
 
(In millions)
 
 
Income from investment in leases
$
51

 
$
19

 
$
60

 
$
17

 
$
34

 
$
15

Less: Income tax expense on leases
18

 
7

 
21

 
6

 
12

 
5

Investment income after income tax
$
33

 
$
12

 
$
39

 
$
11

 
$
22

 
$
10

Components of net unrealized investment gains (losses) included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
The components of net unrealized investment gains (losses), included in AOCI, were as follows:
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
2012
 
(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities
$
15,374

 
$
8,521

 
$
19,120

Fixed maturity securities with noncredit OTTI losses in AOCI
(66
)
 
(149
)
 
(256
)
Total fixed maturity securities
15,308

 
8,372

 
18,864

Equity securities
173

 
83

 
(13
)
Derivatives
1,649

 
361

 
1,052

Short-term investments
—

 
—

 
(2
)
Other
87

 
5

 
18

Subtotal
17,217

 
8,821

 
19,919

Amounts allocated from:
 
 
 
 
 
Future policy benefits
(1,964
)
 
(610
)
 
(5,120
)
DAC and VOBA related to noncredit OTTI losses recognized in AOCI
(3
)
 
5

 
12

DAC, VOBA and DSI
(918
)
 
(721
)
 
(1,231
)
Policyholder dividend obligation
(3,155
)
 
(1,771
)
 
(3,828
)
Subtotal
(6,040
)
 
(3,097
)
 
(10,167
)
Deferred income tax benefit (expense) related to noncredit OTTI losses recognized in AOCI
25

 
51

 
86

Deferred income tax benefit (expense)
(3,928
)
 
(2,070
)
 
(3,498
)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses)
7,274

 
3,705

 
6,340

Net unrealized investment gains (losses) attributable to noncontrolling interests
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) attributable to Metropolitan Life Insurance Company
$
7,273

 
$
3,704

 
$
6,339

The changes in net unrealized investment gains (losses) were as follows:
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
2012
 
(In millions)
Balance at January 1,
$
3,704

 
$
6,339

 
$
4,868

Fixed maturity securities on which noncredit OTTI losses have been recognized
83

 
107

 
266

Unrealized investment gains (losses) during the year
8,313

 
(11,205
)
 
4,679

Unrealized investment gains (losses) relating to:
 
 
 
 
 
Future policy benefits
(1,354
)
 
4,510

 
(1,625
)
DAC and VOBA related to noncredit OTTI losses recognized in AOCI
(8
)
 
(7
)
 
(21
)
DAC, VOBA and DSI
(197
)
 
510

 
(129
)
Policyholder dividend obligation
(1,384
)
 
2,057

 
(909
)
Deferred income tax benefit (expense) related to noncredit OTTI losses recognized in AOCI
(26
)
 
(35
)
 
(86
)
Deferred income tax benefit (expense)
(1,858
)
 
1,428

 
(704
)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses)
7,273

 
3,704

 
6,339

Net unrealized investment gains (losses) attributable to noncontrolling interests
—

 
—

 
—

Balance at December 31,
$
7,273

 
$
3,704

 
$
6,339

Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses)
$
3,569

 
$
(2,635
)
 
$
1,471

Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses) attributable to noncontrolling interests
—

 
—

 
—

Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses) attributable to Metropolitan Life Insurance Company
$
3,569

 
$
(2,635
)
 
$
1,471

Other than temporary impairment, credit losses recognized earnings
The changes in fixed maturity securities with noncredit OTTI losses included in AOCI were as follows:
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
(In millions)
Balance at January 1,
$
(149
)
 
$
(256
)
Noncredit OTTI losses and subsequent changes recognized
10

 
47

Securities sold with previous noncredit OTTI loss
41

 
114

Subsequent changes in estimated fair value
32

 
(54
)
Balance at December 31,
$
(66
)
 
$
(149
)


Securities Lending
Elements of the securities lending program are presented below at:
 
December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
(In millions)
Securities on loan: (1)
 
 
 
Amortized cost
$
19,099

 
$
18,829

Estimated fair value
$
21,185

 
$
19,153

Cash collateral on deposit from counterparties (2)
$
21,635

 
$
19,673

Security collateral on deposit from counterparties (3)
$
19

 
$
—

Reinvestment portfolio — estimated fair value
$
22,046

 
$
19,822

______________
(1)
Included within fixed maturity securities, short-term investments and equity securities.
(2)
Included within payables for collateral under securities loaned and other transactions.
(3)
Security collateral on deposit from counterparties may not be sold or re-pledged, unless the counterparty is in default, and is not reflected in the consolidated financial statements.
Invested Assets on Deposit, Held in Trust and Pledged as Collateral
Invested assets on deposit and pledged as collateral are presented below at estimated fair value for all asset classes, except mortgage loans, which are presented at carrying value at:
 
December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
(In millions)
Invested assets on deposit (regulatory deposits)
$
1,421

 
$
1,338

Invested assets pledged as collateral (1)
20,712

 
19,555

Total invested assets on deposit and pledged as collateral
$
22,133

 
$
20,893

______________
(1)
The Company has pledged invested assets in connection with various agreements and transactions, including funding agreements (see Note 4), and derivative transactions (see Note 9).
Purchased credit impaired investments, by invested asset class, held
The following table presents information about PCI fixed maturity securities acquired during the periods indicated:
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
(In millions)
Contractually required payments (including interest)
$
820

 
$
1,612

Cash flows expected to be collected (1)
$
644

 
$
1,248

Fair value of investments acquired
$
433

 
$
841

______________
(1)
Represents undiscounted principal and interest cash flow expectations, at the date of acquisition.
The following table presents activity for the accretable yield on PCI fixed maturity securities for:
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
(In millions)
Accretable yield, January 1,
$
2,431

 
$
2,357

Investments purchased
211

 
407

Accretion recognized in earnings
(217
)
 
(236
)
Disposals
(47
)
 
(144
)
Reclassification (to) from nonaccretable difference
(495
)
 
47

Accretable yield, December 31,
$
1,883

 
$
2,431

The Company’s PCI fixed maturity securities were as follows at:
 
December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
(In millions)
Outstanding principal and interest balance (1)
$
4,614

 
$
4,653

Carrying value (2)
$
3,651

 
$
3,601

______________
(1)
Represents the contractually required payments, which is the sum of contractual principal, whether or not currently due, and accrued interest.
(2)
Estimated fair value plus accrued interest.
The Components of Net Investment Income
The components of net investment income were as follows:
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2014

2013

2012
 
(In millions)
Investment income:
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturity securities
$
8,260

 
$
8,279

 
$
8,295

Equity securities
86

 
78

 
68

Trading and FVO securities - Actively Traded and FVO general account securities (1)
23

 
43

 
77

Mortgage loans
2,378

 
2,405

 
2,528

Policy loans
448

 
440

 
451

Real estate and real estate joint ventures
725

 
699

 
593

Other limited partnership interests
721

 
633

 
555

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments
26

 
32

 
19

Operating joint ventures
2

 
(4
)
 
(2
)
Other
61

 
21

 
7

Subtotal
12,730

 
12,626

 
12,591

Less: Investment expenses
838

 
844

 
743

Subtotal, net
11,892

 
11,782

 
11,848

FVO CSEs - interest income:
 
 
 
 
 
Securities
1

 
3

 
4

Subtotal
1

 
3

 
4

Net investment income
$
11,893

 
$
11,785

 
$
11,852

______________
(1)
Changes in estimated fair value subsequent to purchase for securities still held as of the end of the respective years included in net investment income were ($14) million, $4 million and $44 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
The components of net investment gains (losses)
The components of net investment gains (losses) were as follows:
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
2012
 
(In millions)
Total gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
Total OTTI losses recognized — by sector and industry:
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. and foreign corporate securities — by industry:
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer
$
(6
)
 
$
(12
)
 
$
(19
)
Utility
—

 
(48
)
 
(29
)
Finance
—

 
(4
)
 
(21
)
Communications
—

 
(2
)
 
(18
)
Industrial
—

 
—

 
(4
)
Transportation
—

 
—

 
(1
)
Total U.S. and foreign corporate securities
(6
)
 
(66
)
 
(92
)
RMBS
(20
)
 
(62
)
 
(70
)
CMBS
—

 
—

 
(28
)
ABS
—

 
—

 
(2
)
OTTI losses on fixed maturity securities recognized in earnings
(26
)
 
(128
)
 
(192
)
Fixed maturity securities — net gains (losses) on sales and disposals
(99
)
 
177

 
16

Total gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities
(125
)
 
49

 
(176
)
Total gains (losses) on equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
Total OTTI losses recognized — by sector:
 
 
 
 
 
Non-redeemable preferred stock
(16
)
 
(17
)
 
—

Common stock
(5
)
 
(2
)
 
(7
)
OTTI losses on equity securities recognized in earnings
(21
)
 
(19
)
 
(7
)
Equity securities — net gains (losses) on sales and disposals
42

 
6

 
15

Total gains (losses) on equity securities
21

 
(13
)
 
8

Trading and FVO securities — FVO general account securities
1

 
11

 
11

Mortgage loans
(36
)
 
31

 
84

Real estate and real estate joint ventures
252

 
(15
)
 
(27
)
Other limited partnership interests
(69
)
 
(41
)
 
(35
)
Other investment portfolio gains (losses)
(108
)
 
5

 
(192
)
Subtotal — investment portfolio gains (losses)
(64
)
 
27

 
(327
)
FVO CSEs:
 
 
 
 
 
Securities
—

 
2

 
—

Long-term debt — related to securities
(1
)
 
(2
)
 
(7
)
Non-investment portfolio gains (losses)
208

 
21

 
4

Subtotal FVO CSEs and non-investment portfolio gains (losses)
207

 
21

 
(3
)
Total net investment gains (losses)
$
143

 
$
48

 
$
(330
)
______________
Proceeds from sales or disposals of fixed maturity and equity securities and the components of fixed maturity and equity securities net investment gains and losses
Proceeds from sales or disposals of fixed maturity and equity securities and the components of fixed maturity and equity securities net investment gains (losses) are as shown in the table below. Investment gains and losses on sales of securities are determined on a specific identification basis.
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
2012
 
2014
 
2013
 
2012
 
Fixed Maturity Securities
 
Equity Securities
 
(In millions)
Proceeds
$
44,906

 
$
45,538

 
$
29,472

 
$
128

 
$
144

 
$
126

Gross investment gains
$
260

 
$
556

 
$
327

 
$
46

 
$
25

 
$
23

Gross investment losses
(359
)
 
(379
)
 
(311
)
 
(4
)
 
(19
)
 
(8
)
OTTI losses (1)
(26
)
 
(128
)
 
(192
)
 
(21
)
 
(19
)
 
(7
)
Net investment gains (losses)
$
(125
)
 
$
49

 
$
(176
)
 
$
21

 
$
(13
)
 
$
8

______________
(1)
OTTI losses recognized in earnings include noncredit-related impairment losses of $0, $13 million and $67 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, on (i) perpetual hybrid securities classified within fixed maturity securities where the primary reason for the impairment was the severity and/or the duration of an unrealized loss position, and (ii) fixed maturity securities where there is an intent to sell or it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of the decline in estimated fair value.
Rollforward of the Cumulative Credit Loss Component of OTTI income (loss)
The table below presents a rollforward of the cumulative credit loss component of OTTI loss recognized in earnings on fixed maturity securities still held for which a portion of the OTTI loss was recognized in OCI:
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
(In millions)
Balance at January 1,
$
277

 
$
285

Additions:
 
 
 
Initial impairments — credit loss OTTI recognized on securities not previously impaired
1

 
4

Additional impairments — credit loss OTTI recognized on securities previously impaired
15

 
54

Reductions:
 
 
 
Sales (maturities, pay downs or prepayments) of securities previously impaired as credit loss OTTI
(30
)
 
(65
)
Securities impaired to net present value of expected future cash flows
—

 
—

Increases in cash flows — accretion of previous credit loss OTTI
—

 
(1
)
Balance at December 31,
$
263

 
$
277

Schedule of Invested Assets Transferred To and From Affiliates
The Company transfers invested assets, primarily consisting of fixed maturity securities, to and from affiliates. Invested assets transferred to and from affiliates were as follows:
 
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
2014
 
2013
 
2012
 
 
(In millions)
Estimated fair value of invested assets transferred to affiliates
 
$
97

 
$
781

 
$
4

Amortized cost of invested assets transferred to affiliates
 
$
89

 
$
688

 
$
4

Net investment gains (losses) recognized on transfers
 
$
8

 
$
93

 
$
—

Estimated fair value of invested assets transferred from affiliates
 
$
882

 
$
882

 
$
—

Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Line Items]  
Disclosure Of Mortgage Loans Held For Investment And Valuation Allowances By Method Of Evaluation Of Credit Loss [Table Text Block]
Mortgage loans held-for-investment by portfolio segment, by method of evaluation of credit loss, impaired mortgage loans including those modified in a troubled debt restructuring, and the related valuation allowances, were as follows at and for the years ended:
 
Evaluated Individually for Credit Losses
 
Evaluated Collectively for Credit Losses
 
Impaired Loans
 
Impaired Loans with a Valuation Allowance
 
Impaired Loans without a Valuation Allowance
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unpaid Principal Balance
 
Recorded Investment
 
Valuation
Allowances
 
Unpaid Principal Balance
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Valuation
Allowances
 
Carrying
Value
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
(In millions)
December 31, 2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
$
75

 
$
75

 
$
24

 
$
84

 
$
84

 
$
32,323

 
$
158

 
$
135

 
$
298

Agricultural
47

 
45

 
2

 
14

 
13

 
10,975

 
33

 
56

 
76

Residential
—

 
—

 
—

 
40

 
37

 
5,457

 
41

 
37

 
17

Total
$
122

 
$
120

 
$
26

 
$
138

 
$
134

 
$
48,755

 
$
232

 
$
228

 
$
391

December 31, 2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
$
173

 
$
169

 
$
49

 
$
247

 
$
246

 
$
32,657

 
$
164

 
$
366

 
$
430

Agricultural
64

 
62

 
7

 
35

 
34

 
10,929

 
33

 
89

 
151

Residential
—

 
—

 
—

 
5

 
4

 
1,854

 
19

 
4

 
2

Total
$
237

 
$
231

 
$
56

 
$
287

 
$
284

 
$
45,440

 
$
216

 
$
459

 
$
583

Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member]  
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]  
Schedule of Variable Interest Entities [Table Text Block]
The following table presents the total assets and total liabilities relating to VIEs for which the Company has concluded that it is the primary beneficiary and which are consolidated at December 31, 2014 and 2013. Creditors or beneficial interest holders of VIEs where the Company is the primary beneficiary have no recourse to the general credit of the Company, as the Company’s obligation to the VIEs is limited to the amount of its committed investment.
 
December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
Total
Assets
 
Total
Liabilities
 
Total
Assets
 
Total
Liabilities
 
(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities (1)
$
163

 
$
78

 
$
159

 
$
80

Other invested assets
59

 
—

 
82

 
7

Other limited partnership interests
37

 
—

 
61

 
—

CSEs (assets (primarily securities) and liabilities (primarily debt)) (2)
16

 
15

 
23

 
22

Real estate joint ventures (3)
9

 
15

 
1,181

 
443

Total
$
284

 
$
108

 
$
1,506

 
$
552

______________
(1)
The Company consolidates certain fixed maturity securities purchased in an investment vehicle which was partially funded with affiliated long-term debt. The long-term debt bears interest primarily at variable rates, payable on a bi-annual basis. Interest expense related to these obligations, included in other expenses, was $2 million for both the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 and was $1 million for the year ended December 31, 2012.
(2)
The Company consolidates entities that are structured as collateralized debt obligations. The assets of these entities can only be used to settle their respective liabilities, and under no circumstances is the Company liable for any principal or interest shortfalls should any arise. The Company’s exposure was limited to that of its remaining investment in these entities of less than $1 million at estimated fair value at both December 31, 2014 and 2013. The long-term debt bears interest primarily at variable rates, payable on a bi-annual basis. Interest expense related to these obligations, included in other expenses, was $1 million, $3 million and $4 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
(3)
At December 31, 2013, the Company consolidated an open ended core real estate fund formed in the fourth quarter of 2013 (the “MetLife Core Property Fund”), which represented the majority of the balances at December 31, 2013. As a result of the quarterly reassessment in the first quarter of 2014, the Company no longer consolidated the MetLife Core Property Fund, effective March 31, 2014, based on the terms of the revised partnership agreement. The Company accounts for its retained interest in the real estate fund under the equity method. Assets of the real estate fund are a real estate investment trust which holds primarily traditional core income-producing real estate which has associated liabilities that are primarily non-recourse debt secured by certain real estate assets of the fund. The assets of these entities can only be used to settle their respective liabilities, and under no circumstances is the Company liable for any principal or interest shortfalls should any arise. The Company’s exposure was limited to that of its investment in the real estate fund of $178 million at carrying value at December 31, 2013. The long-term debt bears interest primarily at fixed rates ranging from 1.39% to 4.45%, payable primarily on a monthly basis. Interest expense related to these obligations, included in other expenses, was less than $1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary [Member]  
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]  
Schedule of Variable Interest Entities [Table Text Block]
The carrying amount and maximum exposure to loss relating to VIEs in which the Company holds a significant variable interest but is not the primary beneficiary and which have not been consolidated were as follows at:
 
December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Maximum
Exposure
to Loss (1)
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Maximum
Exposure
to Loss (1)
 
(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities AFS:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Structured securities (RMBS, ABS and CMBS) (2)
$
44,302

 
$
44,302

 
$
40,910

 
$
40,910

U.S. and foreign corporate
1,919

 
1,919

 
2,251

 
2,251

Other limited partnership interests
3,722

 
4,833

 
3,168

 
4,273

Other invested assets
1,683

 
2,003

 
1,498

 
1,852

Real estate joint ventures
52

 
74

 
31

 
31

Total
$
51,678

 
$
53,131

 
$
47,858

 
$
49,317

______________
(1)
The maximum exposure to loss relating to fixed maturity securities AFS is equal to their carrying amounts or the carrying amounts of retained interests. The maximum exposure to loss relating to other limited partnership interests and real estate joint ventures is equal to the carrying amounts plus any unfunded commitments of the Company. For certain of its investments in other invested assets, the Company’s return is in the form of income tax credits which are guaranteed by creditworthy third parties. For such investments, the maximum exposure to loss is equal to the carrying amounts plus any unfunded commitments, reduced by income tax credits guaranteed by third parties of $212 million and $257 million at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Such a maximum loss would be expected to occur only upon bankruptcy of the issuer or investee.
(2)
For these variable interests, the Company’s involvement is limited to that of a passive investor in mortgage-backed or asset-backed securities issued by trusts that do not have substantial equity.
Commercial  
Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Line Items]  
Disclosure of the mortgage loans portfolio segment by the recorded investment, prior to valuation allowances, by credit quality indicator categories
The credit quality of commercial mortgage loans held-for-investment, were as follows at:
 
Recorded Investment
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
% of
Total
 
Debt Service Coverage Ratios
 
Total
 
% of
 Total
 
 
> 1.20x
 
1.00x - 1.20x
 
< 1.00x
 
 
(In millions)
 
 
 
(In millions)
 
 
December 31, 2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loan-to-value ratios:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Less than 65%
$
26,810

 
$
746

 
$
761

 
$
28,317

 
87.2
%
 
$
29,860

 
87.7
%
65% to 75%
2,783

 
391

 
86

 
3,260

 
10.0

 
3,322

 
9.8

76% to 80%
109

 
—

 
8

 
117

 
0.4

 
121

 
0.3

Greater than 80%
384

 
256

 
148

 
788

 
2.4

 
736

 
2.2

Total
$
30,086

 
$
1,393

 
$
1,003

 
$
32,482

 
100.0
%
 
$
34,039

 
100.0
%
December 31, 2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loan-to-value ratios:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Less than 65%
$
24,585

 
$
476

 
$
596

 
$
25,657

 
77.6
%
 
$
26,900

 
78.4
%
65% to 75%
5,219

 
438

 
104

 
5,761

 
17.4

 
5,852

 
17.1

76% to 80%
444

 
157

 
189

 
790

 
2.4

 
776

 
2.3

Greater than 80%
583

 
205

 
76

 
864

 
2.6

 
769

 
2.2

Total
$
30,831

 
$
1,276

 
$
965

 
$
33,072

 
100.0
%
 
$
34,297

 
100.0
%
Agricultural  
Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Line Items]  
Disclosure of the mortgage loans portfolio segment by the recorded investment, prior to valuation allowances, by credit quality indicator categories
The credit quality of agricultural mortgage loans held-for-investment were as follows at:
 
December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
Recorded
Investment
 
% of
Total
 
Recorded
Investment
 
% of
Total
 
(In millions)
 
 
 
(In millions)
 
 
Loan-to-value ratios:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Less than 65%
$
10,462

 
94.8
%
 
$
10,165

 
92.2
%
65% to 75%
469

 
4.2

 
659

 
6.0

76% to 80%
17

 
0.2

 
84

 
0.8

Greater than 80%
85

 
0.8

 
117

 
1.0

Total
$
11,033

 
100.0
%
 
$
11,025

 
100.0
%
Residential  
Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Line Items]  
Disclosure of the mortgage loans portfolio segment by the recorded investment, prior to valuation allowances, by credit quality indicator categories
The credit quality of residential mortgage loans held-for-investment were as follows at:
 
December 31,
 
2014
 
2013
 
Recorded
Investment
 
% of
Total
 
Recorded
Investment
 
% of
Total
 
(In millions)
 
 
 
(In millions)
 
 
Performance indicators:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performing
$
5,345

 
97.3
%
 
$
1,812

 
97.5
%
Nonperforming
149

 
2.7

 
46

 
2.5

Total
$
5,494

 
100.0
%
 
$
1,858

 
100.0
%