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Expenses
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Other Expenses [Abstract]  
Expenses Expenses
The following table presents the components of other expenses for the periods indicated:
Years Ended December 31,
(In millions)202320222021
Regulatory fees and assessments(1)
$464 $83 $69 
Professional services428 375 334 
Sales advertising and public relations142 99 73 
Securities processing49 63 34 
Bank operations45 41 12 
Donations27 27 2 
Other374 387 372 
Total other expenses$1,529 $1,075 $896 
(1) Includes FDIC special assessment of $387 million related to FDIC’s recovery of estimated losses to the Deposit Insurance Fund associated with the closures of Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank.
Acquisition and Restructuring Costs
In 2023 we released reserves previously recognized as acquisition and restructuring costs. In 2022, we recorded acquisition costs of approximately $65 million related to the BBH Investor Services acquisition transaction that we are no longer pursuing.
Repositioning Charges
In 2023, we recorded net repositioning charges of approximately $203 million to enable the next phase of our productivity efforts to streamline operations and technology, and improve efficiency. Expenses for 2023 included $182 million of compensation and employee benefits expenses related to workforce rationalization and $21 million of occupancy costs related to real estate footprint optimization.
In 2022, we recorded repositioning charges of $78 million, consisting of $50 million of compensation and benefits expense primarily related to streamlining the Investment Services organization, $20 million of occupancy charges related to real estate footprint optimization and $8 million of BBH-related repositioning charges recorded in acquisition and restructuring costs.
The following table presents aggregate activity for repositioning charges for the periods indicated:
(In millions)Employee
Related Costs		Real Estate
Actions		Total
Accrual Balance at December 31, 2020$190 $6 $196 
Accruals for Beacon(1)— (1)
Accruals for Repositioning Charges
(32)29 (3)
Payments and Other Adjustments(89)(29)(118)
Accrual Balance at December 31, 202168 6 74 
Accruals for Repositioning Charges
58 20 78 
Payments and Other Adjustments(43)(21)(64)
Accrual Balance at December 31, 202283 5 88 
Accruals for Repositioning Charges
182 21 203 
Payments and Other Adjustments(58)(25)(83)
Accrual Balance at December 31, 2023$207 $1 $208