10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2020

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to             

Commission file number 001-34654

WASHINGTON FEDERAL INC

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Washington			91-1661606
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)			(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
425 Pike Street	Seattle	Washington	98101
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)			(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (206) 624-7930

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report.)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $1.00 par value per share	WAFD	NASDAQ Stock Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ("Exchange Act") during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.      Yes  ☒    No  ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes   ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐   No  ☒

The registrant had outstanding 75,891,386 shares of common stock as of January 26, 2021.

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

PART I
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)
	The Consolidated Financial Statements of Washington Federal, Inc. and Subsidiaries filed as a part of the report are as follows:
	Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020	3
	Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019	4
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019	5
	Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity for the three months ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019	6
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019	7
	Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements	9
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	35
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	46
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	47
PART II
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	48
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	48
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	48
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	48
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	48
Item 5.	Other Information	48
Item 6.	Exhibits	48
	Signatures	49

2

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

(UNAUDITED)

	December 31, 2020		September 30, 2020
	(In thousands, except share data)
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,830,722	$	1,702,977
Available-for-sale securities, at fair value	2,482,944		2,249,492
Held-to-maturity securities, at amortized cost	586,870		705,838
Loans receivable, net of allowance for loan losses of $170,189 and $166,955	12,881,010		12,792,317
Interest receivable	52,671		53,799
Premises and equipment, net	256,242		252,805
Real estate owned	4,463		4,966
FHLB and FRB stock	137,991		141,990
Bank owned life insurance	229,175		227,749
Intangible assets, including goodwill of $302,707 and $302,707	309,425		309,906
Federal and state income tax assets, net	—		5,708
Other assets	292,109		346,508
	$	19,063,622	$	18,794,055
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Liabilities
Customer accounts
Transaction deposit accounts	$	10,381,459	$	9,806,432
Time deposit accounts	3,785,082		3,973,192
	14,166,541		13,779,624
FHLB advances	2,600,000		2,700,000
Advance payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance	15,539		49,462
Federal and state income tax liabilities, net	8,294		—
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	211,481		250,836
	17,001,855		16,779,922
Commitments and contingencies (see Note I)
Shareholders’ equity
Common stock, $1.00 par value, $300,000,000 shares authorized; 135,937,934 and 135,727,237 shares issued; 75,867,105 and 75,689,364 shares outstanding	135,938		135,727
Additional paid-in capital	1,680,111		1,678,843
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes	41,435		16,953
Treasury stock, at cost; 60,070,829 and 60,037,873 shares	(1,238,997)		(1,238,296)
Retained earnings	1,443,280		1,420,906
	2,061,767		2,014,133
	$	19,063,622	$	18,794,055

SEE NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

3

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(UNAUDITED)

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2020		2019
	(In thousands, except share data)
INTEREST INCOME
Loans receivable	$	133,671	$	142,146
Mortgage-backed securities	7,230		15,612
Investment securities and cash equivalents	6,921		7,066
	147,822		164,824
INTEREST EXPENSE
Customer accounts	14,110		31,481
FHLB advances	13,198		13,658
	27,308		45,139
Net interest income	120,514		119,685
Provision (release) for credit losses	3,000		(3,750)
Net interest income after provision (release)	117,514		123,435
OTHER INCOME
Loan fee income	2,392		1,804
Deposit fee income	6,026		6,260
Other income	5,452		38,312
	13,870		46,376
OTHER EXPENSE
Compensation and benefits	42,723		36,631
Occupancy	9,592		10,135
FDIC insurance premiums	3,263		2,470
Product delivery	4,937		4,267
Information technology	11,831		17,107
Other expense	9,064		12,026
	81,410		82,636
Gain (loss) on real estate owned, net	(449)		(886)
Income before income taxes	49,525		86,289
Income tax expense	10,574		18,423
NET INCOME	$	38,951	$	67,866
PER SHARE DATA
Basic earnings per share	$	0.51	$	0.86
Diluted earnings per share	0.51		0.86
Dividends paid on common stock per share	0.22		0.21
Basic weighted average number of shares outstanding	75,792,995		78,480,264
Diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding	75,798,460		78,535,299

SEE NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

4

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(UNAUDITED)

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2020		2019
	(In thousands)
Net income	$	38,951	$	67,866
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax:
Net unrealized gain (loss) during the period on available-for-sale investment securities, net of tax of $(2,686) and $425	8,991		(1,724)
	8,991		(1,724)
Net unrealized gain (loss) during the period on borrowings cash flow hedges, net of tax of $(4,627) and $(697)	15,491		2,418
	15,491		2,418
Other comprehensive income (loss)	24,482		694
Comprehensive income	$	63,433	$	68,560

SEE NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

5

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

(UNAUDITED) 

(in thousands)	Common Stock		Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Treasury Stock		Total
Balance at October 1, 2020	$	135,727	$	1,678,843	$	1,420,906	$	16,953	$	(1,238,296)	$	2,014,133
Net income	—		—		38,951		—		—		38,951
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—		—		24,482		—		24,482
Dividends on common stock ($0.22 per share)	—		—		(16,577)		—		—		(16,577)
Proceeds from stock-based awards	2		28		—		—		—		30
Stock-based compensation expense	209		1,240		—		—		—		1,449
Treasury stock acquired	—		—		—		—		(701)		(701)
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	135,938	$	1,680,111	$	1,443,280	$	41,435	$	(1,238,997)	$	2,061,767
(in thousands)	Common Stock		Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Treasury Stock		Total
Balance at October 1, 2019	$	135,540	$	1,672,417	$	1,335,909	$	15,292	$	(1,126,163)	$	2,032,995
Adjustment pursuant to adoption of ASU 2016-13	—		—		(21,945)		—		—		(21,945)
Net income	—		—		67,866		—		—		67,866
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—		—		694		—		694
Dividends on common stock ($0.21 per share)	—		—		(16,433)		—		—		(16,433)
Proceeds from stock-based awards	3		47		—		—		—		50
Stock-based compensation expense	177		1,202		—		—		—		1,379
Treasury stock acquired	—		—		—		—		(33,479)		(33,479)
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	135,720	$	1,673,666	$	1,365,397	$	15,986	$	(1,159,642)	$	2,031,127

SEE NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

6

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED) 

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2020		2019
	(In thousands)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$	38,951	$	67,866
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization, accretion and other, net	9,211		15,275
Stock-based compensation expense	1,449		1,379
Provision (release) for credit losses	3,000		(3,750)
Net realized (gain) loss on sales of premises, equipment, and real estate owned	15		(32,734)
Impairment loss on premises and equipment	—		5,931
Decrease (increase) in accrued interest receivable	1,128		2,132
Decrease (increase) in federal and state income tax receivable	5,708		—
Decrease (increase) in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance	(1,426)		(1,457)
Decrease (increase) in other assets	71,923		(3,793)
Increase (decrease) in federal and state income tax liabilities	981		14,654
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other liabilities	(36,761)		8,092
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	94,179		73,595
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Origination of loans and principal repayments, net	(91,857)		20,131
FHLB & FRB stock purchased	(108,001)		(77,200)
FHLB & FRB stock redeemed	112,000		77,200
Available-for-sale securities purchased	(379,760)		(82,028)
Principal payments and maturities of available-for-sale securities	157,246		69,085
Principal payments and maturities of held-to-maturity securities	116,223		81,329
Proceeds from sales of real estate owned	357		820
Net cash received (paid) in business combinations	—		(1,725)
Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment	—		53,790
Premises and equipment purchased and REO improvements	(8,388)		(4,931)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(202,180)		136,471
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net increase (decrease) in customer accounts	386,917		(58,626)
Proceeds from borrowings	2,700,007		1,930,000
Repayments of borrowings	(2,800,007)		(1,930,000)
Proceeds from stock-based awards	30		50
Dividends paid on common stock	(16,577)		(16,433)
Treasury stock purchased	(701)		(33,479)
Increase (decrease) in advances payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance	(33,923)		(36,931)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	235,746		(145,419)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	127,745		64,647
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	1,702,977		419,158
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	1,830,722	$	483,805

(CONTINUED)

SEE NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

7

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2020		2019
	(In thousands)
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Non-cash investing activities
Real estate acquired through foreclosure	$	(161)	$	272
Non-cash financing activities
Stock issued upon exercise of warrants	—		—
Cash paid (received) during the period for
Interest	23,164		45,954
Income taxes	(19)		—

SEE NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

8

Table of Contents

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

NOTE A – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Company and Nature of Operations - Washington Federal Bank, National Association, a federally-insured national bank dba WaFd Bank (the “Bank” or “WaFd Bank”), was founded on April 24, 1917 in Ballard, Washington and is engaged primarily in providing lending, depository, insurance and other banking services to consumers, mid-sized to large businesses, and owners and developers of commercial real estate. Washington Federal, Inc., a Washington corporation (the “Company”), was formed as the Bank’s holding company in November, 1994. As used throughout this document, the terms “Washington Federal” or the “Company” refer to the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, and the term “Bank” refers to the operating subsidiary, Washington Federal Bank, National Association. The Company is headquartered in Seattle, Washington. The Bank conducts its activities through a network of 234 bank branches located in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Utah, Arizona, Nevada, New Mexico and Texas.

Risks and Uncertainties - The worldwide spread of coronavirus (“COVID-19”) has created significant uncertainty in the global economy. There have been no comparable recent events that provide guidance as to the effect the spread of COVID-19 as a global pandemic may have, and, as a result, the ultimate impact of COVID-19 and the extent to which COVID-19 and the related government actions impact the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and difficult to predict.

Basis of Presentation - The Company has prepared the consolidated unaudited interim financial statements included in this report. All intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation. The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the financial statements. Actual results could differ from these estimates. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation are reflected in the interim financial statements.

The information included in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes in the Company's 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on November 23, 2020 ("2020 Annual Financial Statements"). Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.

The Company early adopted ASC 326 during fiscal 2020 and based on the application of the modified retrospective method it became effective on October 1, 2019 for all financial assets measured at amortized cost (primarily loans receivable and held-to-maturity debt securities) and off-balance-sheet credit exposures. The Company recorded a decrease to retained earnings of $21,945,000 as of October 1, 2019 for the cumulative effect of adopting ASC 326.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - The significant accounting policies used in preparation of the Company's consolidated financial statements are disclosed in its 2020 Annual Financial Statements. There have not been any significant changes in the Company's significant accounting policies compared to those contained in its 2020 Annual Financial Statements for the year ended September 30, 2020.

Restricted Cash Balances - Based on the level of vault cash on hand, the Company was not required to maintain cash reserve balances with the Federal Reserve Bank as of December 31, 2020. As of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, the Company pledged cash collateral related to derivative contracts of $54,800,000 and $97,600,000, respectively.

Equity Securities - The Company records equity securities within Other assets in its Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Investments in equity securities with readily determinable fair values (marketable) are measured at fair value, with changes in the fair value recognized as a component of Other income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Investments in equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values (non-marketable) are accounted for at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar investment of the same issuer, also referred to as the measurement alternative. Any adjustments to the carrying value of these investments are recorded in Other income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Allowance for Credit Losses (Loans Receivable) - Effective October 1, 2019, the Company has applied FASB ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses ("ASC 326"), so the allowance calculation is based on current expected credit loss methodology ("CECL"). Prior to October 1, 2019, the calculation was based on incurred loss methodology. See Note E "Allowance for Losses on Loans" for details. The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) for the expected

9

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

credit losses of the loan portfolio as well as unfunded loan commitments. The amount of ACL is based on ongoing, quarterly assessments by management. The CECL methodology requires an estimate of the credit losses expected over the life of an exposure (or pool of exposures) and replaces the incurred loss methodology’s threshold that delayed the recognition of a credit loss until it was probable a loss event was incurred.

The ACL consists of the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for unfunded commitments. The estimate of expected credit losses under the CECL methodology is based on relevant information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amounts. Historical loss experience is generally the starting point for estimating expected credit losses. We then consider whether the historical loss experience should be adjusted for asset-specific risk characteristics or current conditions at the reporting date that did not exist over the period that historical experience was based for each loan type. Finally, we consider forecasts about future economic conditions or changes in collateral values that are reasonable and supportable.

Portfolio segment is defined as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic methodology to determine its ACL. The Company has designated two loan portfolio segments, commercial loans and consumer loans. These loan portfolio segments are further disaggregated into classes, which represent loans of similar type, risk characteristics, and methods for monitoring and assessing credit risk. The commercial loan portfolio segment is disaggregated into five classes: multi-family, commercial real estate, commercial and industrial, construction, and land acquisition and development. The risk of loss for the commercial loan portfolio segment is generally most indicated by the credit risk rating assigned to each borrower. Commercial loan risk ratings are determined by experienced senior credit officers based on specific facts and circumstances and are subject to periodic review by an independent internal team of credit specialists. The consumer loan portfolio segment is disaggregated into five classes: single-family-residential mortgage, custom construction, consumer lot loans, home equity lines of credit, and other consumer. The risk of loss for the consumer loan portfolio segment is generally most indicated by delinquency status and general economic factors. Each commercial and consumer loan portfolio class may also be further segmented based on risk characteristics.

For most of our loan portfolio classes, the historical loss experience is determined using a cohort methodology. This method pools loans into groups (“cohorts”) sharing similar risk characteristics and tracks each cohort’s net charge-offs over the lives of the loans to calculate a historical loss rate. The historical loss rates for each cohort are then averaged to calculate an overall historical loss rate which is applied to the current loan balance to arrive at the quantitative baseline portion of the allowance for credit losses for the respective loan portfolio class. For certain loan portfolio classes, the Company determined there was not sufficient historical loss information to calculate a meaningful historical loss rate using the cohort methodology. For any such loan portfolio class, the weighted-average remaining maturity (“WARM”) methodology is being utilized until sufficient historical loss data is obtained. The WARM method multiplies an average annual loss rate by the expected remaining life of the loan pool to arrive at the quantitative baseline portion of the allowance for credit losses for the respective loan portfolio class.

The Company also considers qualitative adjustments to the historical loss rate for each loan portfolio class. The qualitative adjustments for each loan class consider the conditions over the period from which historical loss experience was based and are split into two components: 1) asset or class specific risk characteristics or current conditions at the reporting date related to portfolio credit quality, remaining payments, volume and nature, credit culture and management, business environment or other management factors and 2) reasonable and supportable forecast of future economic conditions and collateral values.

The Company performs a quarterly asset quality review which includes a review of forecasted gross charge-offs and recoveries, nonperforming assets, criticized loans, risk rating migration, delinquencies, etc. The asset quality review is performed by management and the results are used to consider a qualitative overlay to the quantitative baseline. The second qualitative adjustment noted above, economic conditions and collateral values, encompasses a one-year reasonable and supportable forecast period. The overlay adjustment for the reasonable and supportable forecast assumes an immediate reversion after the one-year forecast period to historical loss rates for the remaining life of the respective loan pool.

When management deems it to be appropriate, the Company establishes a specific reserve for individually evaluated loans that do not share similar risk characteristics with the loans included in each respective loan pool. These individually evaluated loans are removed from their respective pools and typically represent collateral dependent loans but may also include other non-performing loans or troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”). In addition, the Company individually evaluates “reasonably expected” TDRs, which are identified by the Company as a loan expected to be classified as a TDR within the next six months. Management judgment is utilized to make this determination.

10

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Allowance for Credit Losses (Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities) - For held-to-maturity (“HTM”) debt securities, the Company is required to utilize a CECL methodology to estimate expected credit losses. Substantially all of the Company’s HTM debt securities are issued by U.S. government agencies or U.S. government-sponsored enterprises. These securities carry the explicit and/or implicit guarantee of the U.S. government and have a long history of zero credit loss. See Note F "Fair Value Measurements" for more information about HTM debt securities.

Allowance for Credit Losses (Available-for-Sale Debt Securities) - The impairment model for available-for-sale (“AFS”) debt securities differs from the CECL methodology applied for HTM debt securities because AFS debt securities are measured at fair value rather than amortized cost. Although ASC 326 replaced the legacy other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) model with a credit loss model, it retained the fundamental nature of the legacy OTTI model. For AFS debt securities in an unrealized loss position, the Company first assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell, the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either criteria is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income. For AFS debt securities where neither of the criteria are met, the Company evaluates whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, management considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the credit rating of the security by a rating agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded for the credit loss, limited to the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Any remaining discount that has not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income. Under the new guidance, an entity may no longer consider the length of time fair value has been less than amortized cost. Changes in the allowance for credit losses are recorded as a provision (or release) for credit losses. Losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of an AFS security is confirmed or when either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met. See Note F "Fair Value Measurements" for more information about AFS debt securities.

Accrued Interest Receivable - Upon adoption of ASC 326, the Company made the following elections regarding accrued interest receivable:

•Presenting accrued interest receivable balances separately from their underlying instruments within the consolidated statements of financial condition.

•Excluding accrued interest receivable that is included in the amortized cost of financing receivables from related disclosure requirements.

•Continuing our policy to write off accrued interest receivable by reversing interest income in cases where the Company does not reasonably expect to receive payment.

•Not measuring an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivable due to the Company’s policy of writing off uncollectible accrued interest receivable balances in a timely manner, as described above.

Non-Accrual Loans - Loans are placed on non-accrual status when, in the judgment of management, the probability of collection of interest is deemed to be insufficient to warrant further accrual. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, previously accrued but unpaid interest is deducted from interest income. The Bank does not accrue interest on loans 90 days or more past due. If payment is made on a loan so that the loan becomes less than 90 days past due, and the Bank expects full collection of principal and interest, the loan is returned to full accrual status. Any interest ultimately collected is credited to income in the period of recovery. A loan is charged-off when the loss is estimable and it is confirmed that the borrower is not expected to be able to meet contractual obligations.

If a consumer loan is on non-accrual status before becoming a TDR it will stay on non-accrual status following restructuring until it has been performing for at least six months, at which point it may be moved to accrual status. If a loan is on accrual status before it becomes a TDR, and management concludes that full repayment is probable based on internal evaluation, it will remain on accrual status following restructuring. If the restructured consumer loan does not perform, it is placed on non-accrual status when it is 90 days delinquent. For commercial loans, six consecutive payments on newly restructured loan terms are required prior to returning the loan to accrual status. In some instances, after the required six consecutive payments are made, management will conclude that collection of the entire principal and interest due is still in doubt. In those instances, the loan will remain on non-accrual status.

11

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Collateral-Dependent Loans - A financial asset is considered collateral-dependent when the debtor is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the sale or operation of the collateral. For all classes of loans and leases deemed collateral-dependent, the Company elected the practical expedient to estimate expected credit losses based on the collateral’s fair value less cost to sell. In most cases, the Company records a partial charge-off to reduce the loan’s carrying value to the collateral’s fair value less cost to sell. Substantially all of the collateral consists of various types of real estate including residential properties; commercial properties such as retail centers, office buildings, and lodging; agriculture land; and vacant land.

Off-balance-sheet credit exposures - The only material off-balance-sheet credit exposures are unfunded loan commitments, which had a combined balance of $3,011,286,000 and $2,738,095,000 at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively. The reserve for unfunded commitments is recognized as a liability (other liabilities in the consolidated statements of financial condition), with adjustments to the reserve recognized through provision for credit losses in the consolidated statements of income. The reserve for unfunded commitments represents the expected lifetime credit losses on off-balance sheet obligations such as commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. However, a liability is not recognized for commitments that are unconditionally cancellable by the Company. The reserve for unfunded commitments is determined by estimating future draws, including the effects of risk mitigation actions, and applying the expected loss rates on those draws. Loss rates are estimated by utilizing the same loss rates calculated for the allowance for credit losses related to the respective loan portfolio class.

NOTE B – New Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848). The amendments in this ASU provide temporary, optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform. The ASU provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The ASU primarily includes relief related to contract modifications and hedging relationships, as well as providing a one-time election for the sale or transfer of debt securities classified as held-to-maturity. This guidance is effective immediately and the amendments may be applied prospectively through December 31, 2022. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the amendments and determining the impact to its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract. The amendments in this ASU align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The amendments also require the entity to expense the capitalized implementation costs of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract over the term of the hosting arrangement, including reasonably certain renewal periods. The amendments in the ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this ASU beginning October 1, 2020 and it did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

NOTE C – Dividends and Share Repurchases

On November 20, 2020, the Company paid a regular dividend on common stock of $0.22 per share, which represented the 151st consecutive quarterly cash dividend. Dividends per share were $0.22 and $0.21 for the quarters ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. On January 26, 2021, the Company declared a regular dividend on common stock of $0.23 per share, which represents its 152nd consecutive quarterly cash dividend. This dividend will be paid on February 19, 2021 to common shareholders of record on February 5, 2021.

For the three months ended December 31, 2020, the Company repurchased 32,956 shares at an average price of $21.29. As of December 31, 2020, there are 4,594,275 remaining shares authorized to be repurchased under the current Board approved share repurchase program. On January 26, 2021 the Board authorized an additional 10,000,000 shares for repurchase under the program.

12

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

NOTE D – Loans Receivable

For a detailed discussion of loans and credit quality, including accounting policies and the CECL methodology used to estimate the allowance for credit losses, see Note A "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" above.

The Company's loans held for investment are divided into two portfolio segments, commercial loans and consumer loans, with each of those segments further split into loan classes for purposes of estimating the allowance for credit losses.

The following table is a summary of loans receivable by loan portfolio segment and class.

	December 31, 2020				September 30, 2020
	(In thousands)				(In thousands)
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,610,796	10.9	%	$	1,538,762	10.6	%
Commercial real estate	1,954,154		13.2		1,895,086		13.1
Commercial & industrial (1)	2,256,627		15.3		2,132,160		14.7
Construction	2,687,708		18.2		2,403,276		16.6
Land - acquisition & development	193,239		1.3		193,745		1.3
Total commercial loans	8,702,524		58.9		8,163,029		56.3
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,063,053		34.2		5,304,689		36.7
Construction - custom	659,364		4.5		674,879		4.7
Land - consumer lot loans	110,841		0.7		102,263		0.7
HELOC	139,752		0.9		139,703		1.0
Consumer	111,292		0.8		83,159		0.6
Total consumer loans	6,084,302		41.1		6,304,693		43.7
Total gross loans	14,786,826		100	%	14,467,722		100	%
Less:
Allowance for credit losses on loans	170,189				166,955
Loans in process	1,679,972				1,456,072
Net deferred fees, costs and discounts	55,655				52,378
Total loan contra accounts	1,905,816				1,675,405
Net loans	$	12,881,010			$	12,792,317

(1) Includes $646,887,000 and $762,004,000 of SBA Payroll Protection Program loans as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively.

The Company elected to exclude accrued interest receivable ("AIR") from the amortized cost basis of loans for disclosure purposes and from the calculations of estimated credit losses. As of December 31, 2020, and September 30, 2020, AIR for loans totaled $47,168,000 and $48,704,000, respectively, and is included in the “accrued interest receivable” line item on the Company’s consolidated statements of financial condition.

13

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Loans in the amount of $5,153,478,000 and $5,361,504,000 at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively, were pledged to secure borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") as part of our liquidity management strategy. The FHLB does not have the right to sell or re-pledge these loans.

The following table sets forth the amortized cost basis of non accrual loans and loans 90 days or more past due and accruing.

	December 31, 2020							September 30, 2020
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
	Non-accrual			Non-accrual with no ACL		90 days or more past due and accruing		Non-accrual			Non-accrual with no ACL		90 days or more past due and accruing
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	—		$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—
Commercial real estate	31,397			—		—		3,771			—		—
Commercial & industrial	594			—		280		329			—		—
Construction	1,237			—		—		1,669			—		—
Land - acquisition & development	—			—		—		—			—		—
Total commercial loans	33,228			—		280		5,769			—		—
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	24,349			0		3,908		22,431			—		933
Construction - custom	—			0		—		—			—		—
Land - consumer lot loans	443			0		168		243			—		—
HELOC	334			0		—		553			—		—
Consumer	52			0		6		60			—		17
Total consumer loans	25,178			—		4,082		23,287			—		950
Total non-accrual loans	$	58,406		$	—	$	4,362	$	29,056		$	—	$	950
% of total loans	0.45		%					0.22		%

The Company recognized interest income on non-accrual loans of approximately $3,489,000 in the three months ended December 31, 2020. Had these loans been on accrual status and performed according to their original contract terms, the Company would have recognized interest income of approximately $402,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2020. Recognized interest income for the three months ended December 31, 2020 was higher than what otherwise would have been recognized in the period due to the collection of past due amounts. Interest cash flows collected on non-accrual loans vary from period to period as those loans are brought current or are paid off.

14

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

The following tables provide details regarding loan delinquencies by loan portfolio and class.

December 31, 2020			Days Delinquent Based on $ Amount of Loans										% based on $
Type of Loan	Loans Receivable (Amortized Cost)		Current		30		60		90		Total Delinquent
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Commercial Loans
Multi-family	$	1,609,800	$	1,609,325	$	475	$	—	$	—	$	475	0.03	%
Commercial real estate	1,942,854		1,914,254		85		3,958		24,557		28,600		1.47
Commercial & industrial	2,243,465		2,242,422		216		—		827		1,043		0.05
Construction	1,393,107		1,389,404		2,550		—		1,153		3,703		0.27
Land - acquisition & development	152,621		152,369		252		—		—		252		0.17
Total commercial loans	7,341,847		7,307,774		3,578		3,958		26,537		34,073		0.46
Consumer Loans
Single-family residential	5,048,435		5,016,530		7,477		5,872		18,556		31,905		0.63
Construction - custom	299,351		299,351		—		—		—		—		—
Land - consumer lot loans	109,845		109,248		95		168		334		597		0.54
HELOC	140,272		138,933		916		116		307		1,339		0.95
Consumer	111,449		111,201		67		27		154		248		0.22
Total consumer loans	5,709,352		5,675,263		8,555		6,183		19,351		34,089		0.60
Total Loans	$	13,051,199	$	12,983,037	$	12,133	$	10,141	$	45,888	$	68,162	0.52	%
Delinquency %			99.48%		0.09%		0.08%		0.35%		0.52%

September 30, 2020			Days Delinquent Based on $ Amount of Loans										% based on $
Type of Loan	Loans Receivable (Amortized Cost)		Current		30		60		90		Total Delinquent
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Commercial Loans
Multi-family	$	1,538,240	$	1,538,240	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	—	%
Commercial real estate	1,884,688		1,884,210		—		195		283		478		0.03
Commercial & industrial	2,115,513		2,114,650		—		583		280		863		0.04
Construction	1,352,414		1,350,752		—		—		1,662		1,662		0.12
Land - acquisition & development	153,571		153,571		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial loans	7,044,426		7,041,423		—		778		2,225		3,003		0.04
Consumer Loans
Single-family residential	5,293,962		5,267,608		3,922		3,108		19,324		26,354		0.50
Construction - custom	295,953		295,953		—		—		—		—		—
Land - consumer lot loans	101,394		101,029		152		—		213		365		0.36
HELOC	140,222		139,491		275		76		380		731		0.52
Consumer	83,315		82,959		121		11		224		356		0.43
Total consumer loans	5,914,846		5,887,040		4,470		3,195		20,141		27,806		0.47
Total Loans	$	12,959,272	$	12,928,463	$	4,470	$	3,973	$	22,366	$	30,809	0.24	%
Delinquency %			99.76%		0.03%		0.03%		0.17%		0.24%

15

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

The Company participated in the Small Business Administration’s Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP"). This program came about through the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) passed by Congress to help small businesses keep their employees employed through the COVID-19 shelter in place orders. In 2020, the Company assisted over 6,500 businesses with more than $780,000,000 in PPP loans.

The Company is actively working with its borrowers to modify consumer mortgage and commercial loans to provide payment deferrals as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The terms of the payment deferrals are generally 90 days for consumer mortgage loans and up to 180 days for commercial loans and borrowers may be eligible for multiple deferrals. Pursuant to the CARES Act, these loan modifications are not accounted for as TDRs. As of December 31, 2020, 183 mortgage loans totaling $46,000,000 and 10 commercial loans totaling $32,000,000 that had been modified remain in deferral. These loans are not considered past due until after the deferral period is over and scheduled payments have resumed.

Most TDRs are accruing and performing loans where the borrower has proactively approached the Company about modification due to temporary financial difficulties. Each request for modification is individually evaluated for merit and likelihood of success. The concession granted in a loan modification is typically a payment reduction through a rate reduction of between 100 to 200 basis points for a specific term, usually six to twenty four months. Interest-only payments may also be approved during the modification period. Principal forgiveness is not an available option for restructured loans. As of December 31, 2020, 97.9% of the Company's $86,314,000 in TDRs were classified as performing. As of December 31, 2020, single-family residential loans comprised 92.9% of TDRs. The Company's ACL methodology takes into account the following performance indicators for restructured loans: 1) time since modification, 2) current payment status and 3) geographic area.

We evaluate the credit quality of our loans based on regulatory risk ratings and also consider other factors. Based on this evaluation, the loans are assigned a grade and classified as follows:

•Pass – the credit does not meet one of the definitions below.

•Special mention – A special mention credit is considered to be currently protected from loss but is potentially weak. No loss of principal or interest is foreseen; however, proper supervision and management attention is required to deter further deterioration in the credit. Assets in this category constitute some undue and unwarranted credit risk but not to the point of justifying a risk rating of substandard. The credit risk may be relatively minor yet constitutes an unwarranted risk in light of the circumstances surrounding a specific asset.

•Substandard – A substandard credit is an unacceptable credit. Additionally, repayment in the normal course is in jeopardy due to the existence of one or more well defined weaknesses. In these situations, loss of principal is likely if the weakness is not corrected. A substandard asset is inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified will have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the collection or liquidation of the debt. Loss potential, while existing in the aggregate amount of substandard assets, does not have to exist in individual assets risk rated substandard.

•Doubtful – A credit classified doubtful has all the weaknesses inherent in one classified substandard with the added characteristic that the weakness makes collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. The probability of loss is high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific pending factors that may work to the advantage and strengthening of the asset, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Pending factors include proposed merger, acquisition, or liquidation procedures, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral, and refinancing plans.

•Loss – Credits classified loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as a bankable asset is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this asset even though partial recovery may be affected in the future. Losses should be taken in the period in which they are identified as uncollectible. Partial charge-off versus full charge-off may be taken if the collateral offers some identifiable protection.

The following tables present by primary credit quality indicator, loan class, and year of origination, the amortized cost basis of loans receivable as of December 31, 2020.

16

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	YTD 2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior to 2017		Revolving Loans		Revolving to Term Loans		Total Loans
Commercial loans
Multi-family
Pass	$	120,709	$	384,701	$	114,454	$	276,390	$	232,338	$	392,183	$	8,195	$	—	$	1,528,970
Special Mention	—		2,418		2,816		4,054		5,092		4,464		—		—		18,844
Substandard	—		—		7,544		3,974		3,769		46,699		—		—		61,986
Total	$	120,709	$	387,119	$	124,814	$	284,418	$	241,199	$	443,346	$	8,195	$	—	$	1,609,800
Commercial real estate
Pass	$	158,763	$	424,621	$	219,629	$	243,656	$	233,589	$	443,025	$	2,217	$	—	$	1,725,500
Special Mention	—		197		9,496		414		1,725		26,103		—		—		37,935
Substandard	—		9,067		29,699		22,688		47,315		70,650		—		—		179,419
Total	$	158,763	$	433,885	$	258,824	$	266,758	$	282,629	$	539,778	$	2,217	$	—	$	1,942,854
Commercial & industrial
Pass	$	157,872	$	801,134	$	60,562	$	83,496	$	75,301	$	165,692	$	616,063	$	12,097	$	1,972,217
Special Mention	—		8,931		6,937		1,163		4,286		—		5,111		—		26,428
Substandard	12,751		45,891		7,296		6,310		104		49,331		123,137		—		244,820
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	170,623	$	855,956	$	74,795	$	90,969	$	79,691	$	215,023	$	744,311	$	12,097	$	2,243,465
Construction
Pass	$	119,251	$	407,194	$	446,042	$	190,227	$	42,695	$	16	$	77,463	$	—	$	1,282,888
Special Mention	—		—		—		32,992		—		—		—		—		32,992
Substandard	—		3,256		36,940		—		37,031		—		—		—		77,227
Total	$	119,251	$	410,450	$	482,982	$	223,219	$	79,726	$	16	$	77,463	$	—	$	1,393,107
Land - acquisition & development
Pass	$	10,965	$	43,159	$	34,967	$	19,309	$	17,706	$	4,513	$	5,307	$	—	$	135,926
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		15,573		—		—		15,573
Substandard	—		—		1,122		—		—		—		—		—		1,122
Total	$	10,965	$	43,159	$	36,089	$	19,309	$	17,706	$	20,086	$	5,307	$	—	$	152,621
Total commercial loans
Pass	$	567,560	$	2,060,809	$	875,654	$	813,078	$	601,629	$	1,005,429	$	709,245	$	12,097	$	6,645,501
Special Mention	—		11,546		19,249		38,623		11,103		46,140		5,111		—		131,772
Substandard	12,751		58,214		82,601		32,972		88,219		166,680		123,137		—		564,574
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	580,311	$	2,130,569	$	977,504	$	884,673	$	700,951	$	1,218,249	$	837,493	$	12,097	$	7,341,847

17

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	YTD 2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior to 2017		Revolving Loans		Revolving to Term Loans		Total Loans
Consumer loans
Single-family residential
Current	$	250,276	$	824,978	$	578,704	$	525,644	$	607,513	$	2,229,415	$	—	$	—	$	5,016,530
30 days past due	—		—		356		60		1,523		5,538		—		—		7,477
60 days past due	—		473		—		—		357		5,042		—		—		5,872
90+ days past due	—		—		680		—		439		17,437		—		—		18,556
Total	$	250,276	$	825,451	$	579,740	$	525,704	$	609,832	$	2,257,432	$	—	$	—	$	5,048,435
Construction - custom
Current	$	11,469	$	250,459	$	35,802	$	1,621	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	299,351
Total	$	11,469	$	250,459	$	35,802	$	1,621	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	299,351
Land - consumer lot loans
Current	$	20,268	$	38,986	$	16,288	$	5,991	$	6,994	$	20,721	$	—	$	—	$	109,248
30 days past due	—		—		72		—		—		23		—		—		95
60 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		168		—		—		168
90+ days past due	—		—		—		152		122		60		—		—		334
Total	$	20,268	$	38,986	$	16,360	$	6,143	$	7,116	$	20,972	$	—	$	—	$	109,845
HELOC
Current	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	6,750	$	131,482	$	701	$	138,933
30 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		167		749		—		916
60 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		5		111		—		116
90+ days past due	—		—		—		—		—		30		277		—		307
Total	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	6,952	$	132,619	$	701	$	140,272
Consumer
Current	$	11,231	$	8,421	$	1,237	$	51,616	$	180	$	16,175	$	22,341	$	—	$	111,201
30 days past due	—		—		9		—		47		11		—		—		67
60 days past due	—		—		6		—		14		7		—		—		27
90+ days past due	—		—		36		—		112		6		—		—		154
Total	$	11,231	$	8,421	$	1,288	$	51,616	$	353	$	16,199	$	22,341	$	—	$	111,449
Total consumer loans
Current	$	293,244	$	1,122,844	$	632,031	$	584,872	$	614,687	$	2,273,061	$	153,823	$	701	$	5,675,263
30 days past due	—		—		437		60		1,570		5,739		749		—		8,555
60 days past due	—		473		6		—		371		5,222		111		—		6,183
90+ days past due	—		—		716		152		673		17,533		277		—		19,351
Total	$	293,244	$	1,123,317	$	633,190	$	585,084	$	617,301	$	2,301,555	$	154,960	$	701	$	5,709,352

18

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

NOTE E – Allowance for Losses on Loans

For a detailed discussion of loans and credit quality, including accounting policies and the CECL methodology used to estimate the allowance for credit losses, see Note A "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies."

The following tables summarize the activity in the allowance for loan losses by loan portfolio segment and class. 

Three Months Ended December 31, 2020	Beginning Allowance		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision & Transfers		Ending Allowance
	(In thousands)
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	13,853	$	—	$	—	$	510	$	14,363
Commercial real estate	22,516		—		789		191		23,496
Commercial & industrial	38,665		(2)		50		5,604		44,317
Construction	24,156		—		—		2,209		26,365
Land - acquisition & development	10,733		—		35		(102)		10,666
Total commercial loans	109,923		(2)		874		8,412		119,207
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	45,186		—		779		(7,352)		38,613
Construction - custom	3,555		—		—		39		3,594
Land - consumer lot loans	2,729		—		7		222		2,958
HELOC	2,571		—		—		(209)		2,362
Consumer	2,991		(150)		226		388		3,455
Total consumer loans	57,032		(150)		1,012		(6,912)		50,982
Total loans	$	166,955	$	(152)	$	1,886	$	1,500	$	170,189

Three Months Ended December 31, 2019	Beginning Allowance		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision & Transfers		Ending Allowance
	(In thousands)
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	10,404	$	—	$	498	$	(396)	$	10,506
Commercial real estate	13,024		(98)		368		(227)		13,067
Commercial & industrial	32,235		(50)		144		1,347		33,676
Construction	22,768		—		54		(903)		21,919
Land - acquisition & development	10,904		(11)		1,460		(1,940)		10,413
Total commercial loans	89,335		(159)		2,524		(2,119)		89,581
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	47,771		(15)		261		(1,661)		46,356
Construction - custom	2,880		—		—		50		2,930
Land - consumer lot loans	2,635		(70)		10		(8)		2,567
HELOC	2,048		—		93		(107)		2,034
Consumer	4,615		(374)		309		(505)		4,045
Total consumer loans	59,949		(459)		673		(2,231)		57,932
Total loans	$	149,284	$	(618)	$	3,197	$	(4,350)	$	147,513

19

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

The Company recorded a $3,000,000 provision for credit losses for the three months ended December 31, 2020, compared with a release of allowance for credit losses of $3,750,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2019. The credit loss provision for the three months ended December 31, 2020 is primarily due to reserving for new loan originations and changes in composition of the loan portfolio. Recoveries, net of charge-offs, totaled $1,734,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2020, compared to net recoveries of $2,579,000 during the three months ended December 31, 2019. No allowance was recorded as of December 31, 2020 or as of September 30, 2020 for the $646,887,000 and $762,004,000 of gross PPP loans in the portfolio on each date, respectively, which are included in the commercial & industrial loan category, due to the government guarantee.

Non-performing assets were $66,542,000, or 0.35% of total assets, at December 31, 2020, compared to $37,695,000, or 0.20% of total assets, at September 30, 2020. Non-accrual loans were $58,406,000 at December 31, 2020, compared to $29,056,000 at September 30, 2020. Delinquencies, as a percent of total loans, were 0.52% at December 31, 2020, compared to 0.24% at September 30, 2020.

The Company has an asset quality review function that analyzes its loan portfolio and reports the results of the review to its Board of Directors on a quarterly basis. The single-family residential, HELOC and consumer portfolios are evaluated based on their performance as a pool of loans, since no single loan is individually significant or judged by its risk rating, size or potential risk of loss. The construction, land, multi-family, commercial real estate and commercial and industrial loans are risk rated on a loan by loan basis to determine the relative risk inherent in specific borrowers or loans. Based on that risk rating, the loans are assigned a grade and classified as described in Note D "Loans Receivable."

The following tables provide the amortized cost of loans receivable based on risk rating categories as previously defined.

December 31, 2020	Internally Assigned Grade
	Pass			Special mention			Substandard			Doubtful			Loss			Total
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Loan type
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,528,970		$	18,844		$	61,986		$	—		$	—		$	1,609,800
Commercial real estate	1,725,500			37,935			179,419			—			—			1,942,854
Commercial & industrial	1,972,217			26,428			244,820			—			—			2,243,465
Construction	1,282,888			32,992			77,227			—			—			1,393,107
Land - acquisition & development	135,926			15,573			1,122			—			—			152,621
Total commercial loans	6,645,501			131,772			564,574			—			—			7,341,847
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,018,759			191			29,485			—			—			5,048,435
Construction - custom	299,351			—			—			—			—			299,351
Land - consumer lot loans	109,234			—			611			—			—			109,845
HELOC	139,215			—			1,057			—			—			140,272
Consumer	111,442			—			7			—			—			111,449
Total consumer loans	5,678,001			191			31,160			—			—			5,709,352
Total	$	12,323,502		$	131,963		$	595,734		$	—		$	—		$	13,051,199
Total grade as a % of total loans	94.42		%	1.01		%	4.56		%	—		%	—		%

20

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NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

September 30, 2020	Internally Assigned Grade
	Pass			Special mention			Substandard			Doubtful			Loss			Total Gross Loans
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Loan type
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,506,692		$	13,721		$	17,827		$	—		$	—		$	1,538,240
Commercial real estate	1,681,230			92,184			111,274			—			—			1,884,688
Commercial & industrial	1,898,709			64,695			152,109			—			—			2,115,513
Construction	1,187,786			61,178			103,450			—			—			1,352,414
Land - acquisition & development	137,998			15,573			—			—			—			153,571
Total commercial loans	6,412,415			247,351			384,660			—			—			7,044,426
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,270,666			192			23,104			—			—			5,293,962
Construction - custom	295,953			—			—			—			—			295,953
Land - consumer lot loans	101,151			—			243			—			—			101,394
HELOC	139,646			—			576			—			—			140,222
Consumer	83,304			—			11			—			—			83,315
Total consumer loans	5,890,720			192			23,934			—			—			5,914,846
Total loans	$	12,303,135		$	247,543		$	408,594		$	—		$	—		$	12,959,272
Total grade as a % of total gross loans	94.94		%	1.91		%	3.15		%	—		%	—		%

21

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NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

The following tables provide information on amortized cost of loans receivable based on borrower payment activity.

December 31, 2020	Performing Loans				Non-Performing Loans
	Amount		% of Total Loans		Amount		% of Total Loans
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,609,800	100.0	%	$	—	—	%
Commercial real estate	1,911,457		98.4		31,397		1.6
Commercial & industrial	2,242,871		100.0		594		—
Construction	1,391,870		99.9		1,237		0.1
Land - acquisition & development	152,621		100.0		—		—
Total commercial loans	7,308,619		99.5		33,228		0.5
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,024,086		99.5		24,349		0.5
Construction - custom	299,351		100.0		—		—
Land - consumer lot loans	109,402		99.6		443		0.4
HELOC	139,938		99.8		334		0.2
Consumer	111,397		100.0		52		0.0
Total consumer loans	5,684,174		99.6		25,178		0.4
Total loans	$	12,992,793	99.6	%	$	58,406	0.4	%

September 30, 2020	Performing Loans				Non-Performing Loans
	Amount		% of Total Loans		Amount		% of Total Loans
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,538,240	100.0	%	$	—	—	%
Commercial real estate	1,880,917		99.8		3,771		0.2
Commercial & industrial	2,115,184		100.0		329		—
Construction	1,350,745		99.9		1,669		0.1
Land - acquisition & development	153,571		100.0		—		—
Total commercial loans	7,038,657		99.9		5,769		0.1
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,271,531		99.6		22,431		0.4
Construction - custom	295,953		100.0		—		—
Land - consumer lot loans	101,151		99.8		243		0.2
HELOC	139,669		99.6		553		0.4
Consumer	83,255		99.9		60		0.1
Total consumer loans	5,891,559		99.6		23,287		0.4
Total loans	$	12,930,216	99.8	%	$	29,056	0.2	%

22

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

NOTE F – Fair Value Measurements

FASB ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement ("ASC 820") defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active exchange markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active and other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

The Company has established and documented the process for determining the fair values of its assets and liabilities, where applicable. Fair value is based on quoted market prices, when available, for identical or similar assets or liabilities. In the absence of quoted market prices, fair value is determined using valuation models or third-party appraisals. The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used to measure and report the fair value of financial assets and liabilities on a recurring or nonrecurring basis.

Measured on a Recurring Basis

Available-for-Sale Securities and Derivative Contracts

Securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair value of debt securities are priced using model pricing based on the securities' relationship to other benchmark quoted prices as provided by an independent third party, and under GAAP are considered a Level 2 input method. Securities that are traded on active exchanges are measured using the closing price in an active market and are considered a Level 1 input method.

The Company offers interest rate swaps to its variable rate borrowers who want to manage their interest rate risk. At the same time, the Company enters into the opposite trade with a counter party to offset its interest rate risk. The Company has also entered into commercial loan hedges, mortgage pool hedges and borrowings hedges using interest rate swaps. The fair value of these interest rate swaps are estimated by a third party pricing service using a discounted cash flow technique. These are considered a Level 2 input method.

23

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

The following tables present the balance and level in the fair value hierarchy of assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

	December 31, 2020
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In thousands)
Financial Assets
Available-for-sale securities:
U.S. government and agency securities	$	—	$	78,281	$	—	$	78,281
Asset-backed securities	—		1,210,356		—		1,210,356
Municipal bonds	—		38,703		—		38,703
Corporate debt securities	—		287,393		—		287,393
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	—		868,211		—		868,211
Total available-for-sale securities	—		2,482,944		—		2,482,944
Client swap program hedges	—		35,825		—		35,825
Borrowings cash flow hedges	—		2,743		—		2,743
Total financial assets	$	—	$	2,521,512	$	—	$	2,521,512
Financial Liabilities
Client swap program hedges	$	—	$	35,825	$	—	$	35,825
Commercial loan fair value hedges	—		7,508		—		7,508
Mortgage loan fair value hedges	—		12,459		—		12,459
Total financial liabilities	$	—	$	55,792	$	—	$	55,792

24

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

	September 30, 2020
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In thousands)
Financial Assets
Available-for-sale securities:
U.S. government and agency securities	$	—	$	18,824	$	—	$	18,824
Asset-backed securities	—		936,917				936,917
Municipal bonds	—		38,315		—		38,315
Corporate debt securities	—		287,184		—		287,184
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	—		968,252		—		968,252
Total available-for-sale securities	—		2,249,492		—		2,249,492
Client swap program hedges	—		48,201		—		48,201
Total financial assets	$	—	$	2,297,693	$	—	$	2,297,693
Financial Liabilities
Client swap program hedges	$	—	$	48,201	$	—	$	48,201
Commercial loan fair value hedges	—		8,492		—		8,492
Mortgage loan fair value hedges			16,061				16,061
Borrowings cash flow hedges	—		17,375		—		17,375
Total financial liabilities	$	—	$	90,129	$	—	$	90,129

25

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Measured on a Nonrecurring Basis

Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis after initial recognition such as collateral dependent loans and real estate owned ("REO"). REO consists principally of properties acquired through foreclosure. From time to time, and on a nonrecurring basis, adjustments using fair value measurements are recorded to reflect increases or decreases based on the discounted cash flows, the current appraisal or estimated value of the collateral or REO property.

When management determines that the fair value of the collateral or the REO requires additional adjustments, either as a result of an updated appraised value or when there is no observable market price, the Company classifies the collateral dependent loan or real estate owned as Level 3. Level 3 assets recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2020 included loans for which an allowance was established or a partial charge-off was recorded based on the fair value of collateral, as well as real estate owned where the fair value of the property was less than the cost basis.

The following tables present the aggregated balance of assets that were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, and the total gains (losses) resulting from those fair value adjustments during the respective periods. The estimated fair value measurements are shown gross of estimated selling costs.

	December 31, 2020								Three Months Ended December 31, 2020
	Level 1		Level  2		Level  3		Total		Total Gains (Losses)
	(In thousands)								(In thousands)
Loans (1)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(44)
Real estate owned (2)	—		—		447		447		(47)
Balance at end of period	$	—	$	—	$	447	$	447	$	(91)

(1)The gains (losses) represent re-measurements of collateral-dependent loans.

(2)The gains (losses) represent aggregate write-downs and charge-offs on real estate owned.

	December 31, 2019								Three Months Ended December 31, 2019
	Level 1		Level  2		Level  3		Total		Total Gains (Losses)
	(In thousands)								(In thousands)
Loans (1)	$	—	$	—	$	70	$	70	$	(299)
Real estate owned (2)	—		—		976		976		(2)
Balance at end of period	$	—	$	—	$	1,046	$	1,046	$	(301)

(1)The gains (losses) represent re-measurements of collateral-dependent loans.

(2)The gains (losses) represent aggregate write-downs and charge-offs on real estate owned.

At December 31, 2020, there were $528,000 in foreclosed residential real estate properties held as REO. The recorded investment of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process was $2,214,000.

Fair Values of Financial Instruments

FASB ASC 825, Financial Instruments ("ASC 825") requires disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized on the statement of financial condition, for which it is practicable to estimate those values. Certain financial instruments and all non-financial instruments are excluded from the disclosure requirements. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value estimates presented do not reflect the underlying fair value of the Company. Although management is not aware of any factors that would materially affect the estimated fair value amounts presented below, such amounts have not been comprehensively revalued for purposes of these financial statements since the dates shown, and therefore, estimates of fair value subsequent to those dates may differ significantly from the amounts presented below. 

26

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

		December 31, 2020				September 30, 2020
	Level in Fair Value Hierarchy	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
		($ in thousands)
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	1	$	1,830,722	$	1,830,722	$	1,702,977	$	1,702,977
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. government and agency securities	2	78,281		78,281		18,824		18,824
Asset-backed securities	2	1,210,356		1,210,356		936,917		936,917
Municipal bonds	2	38,703		38,703		38,315		38,315
Corporate debt securities	2	287,393		287,393		287,184		287,184
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	2	868,211		868,211		968,252		968,252
Total available-for-sale securities		2,482,944		2,482,944		2,249,492		2,249,492
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	2	581,313		600,622		698,934		720,516
Commercial MBS	2	5,557		5,553		6,904		6,852
Total held-to-maturity securities		586,870		606,175		705,838		727,368
Loans receivable	3	12,881,010		13,433,950		12,792,317		13,392,089
FHLB and FRB stock	2	137,991		137,991		141,990		141,990
Other assets - client swap program hedges	2	35,825		35,825		48,201		48,201
Other assets - borrowings cash flow hedges	2	2,743		2,743		—		—
Financial liabilities
Time deposits	2	3,785,082		3,761,325		3,973,192		3,963,203
FHLB advances	2	2,600,000		2,620,269		2,700,000		2,722,509
Other liabilities - client swap program hedges	2	35,825		35,825		48,201		48,201
Other liabilities - mortgage loan fair value hedges	2	12,459		12,459		16,061		16,061
Other liabilities - commercial loan fair value hedges	2	7,508		7,508		8,492		8,492
Other liabilities - borrowings cash flow hedges	2	—		—		17,375		17,375

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of financial instruments:

Cash and cash equivalents – The carrying amount of these items is a reasonable estimate of their fair value. 

Available-for-sale securities and held-to-maturity securities – Securities at fair value are primarily priced using model pricing based on the securities' relationship to other benchmark quoted prices as provided by an independent third party, and are considered a Level 2 input method. Equity securities that are exchange traded are considered a Level 1 input method.

Loans receivable – Fair values are estimated first by stratifying the portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics. Loans are segregated by type such as multi-family real estate, residential mortgage, construction, commercial, consumer and land loans. Each loan category is further segmented into fixed- and adjustable-rate interest terms. For residential mortgages and multi-family loans, the bank determined that its best exit price was by securitization. MBS benchmark prices are used as a base price, with further loan level pricing adjustments made based on individual loan characteristics such as FICO score, LTV, Property Type and occupancy. For all other loan categories an estimate of fair value is then calculated based on discounted cash flows using a discount rate offered and observed in the market on similar products, plus an adjustment for liquidity to reflect the non-homogeneous nature of the loans, as well as an annual loss rate based on historical losses to arrive at an estimated exit price

27

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

fair value. Fair value for impaired loans is also based on recent appraisals or estimated cash flows discounted using rates commensurate with risk associated with the estimated cash flows. Assumptions regarding credit risk, cash flows and discount rates are judgmentally determined using available market information and specific borrower information.

FHLB and FRB stock – The fair value is based upon the par value of the stock that equates to its carrying value.

Time deposits – The fair value of time deposits is estimated by discounting the estimated future cash flows using rates offered for deposits with similar remaining maturities.

FHLB advances – The fair value of FHLB advances and other borrowings is estimated by discounting the estimated future cash flows using rates currently available to the Company for debt with similar remaining maturities.

Interest rate swaps – The Company offers interest rate swaps to its variable rate borrowers who want to manage their interest rate risk. At the same time, the Company enters into the opposite trade with a counterparty to offset its interest rate risk. The Company also uses interest rate swaps for various fair value hedges and cash flow hedges. The fair value of these interest rate swaps is estimated by a third party pricing service using a discounted cash flow technique.

The following tables provide details about the amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities.

	December 31, 2020
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized				Fair Value		Yield
			Gains		Losses
	($ in thousands)
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. government and agency securities due
1 to 5 years	$	58,807	$	588	$	—	$	59,395	0.53	%
5 to 10 years	18,443		443		—		18,886		2.05
Asset-backed securities
5 to 10 years	107,355		206		(1,360)		106,201		0.68
Over 10 years	1,097,828		7064		(737)		1104155		1.09
Corporate debt securities due
Within 1 year	52,756		236		(86)		52,906		1.22
1 to 5 years	152,226		6,557		(87)		158,696		1.87
5 to 10 years	73,340		2,451		—		75,791		1.16
Municipal bonds due
1 to 5 years	1,469		33		—		1,502		—
Over 10 years	35,836		1,365		—		37,201		5.40
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	833,814		35,980		(1,583)		868,211		2.72
	2,431,874		54,923		(3,853)		2,482,944		1.73
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	581,313		19,309		—		600,622		3.16
Commercial MBS	5,557		—		(4)		5,553		1.02
	586,870		19,309		(4)		606,175		3.14
	$	3,018,744	$	74,232	$	(3,857)	$	3,089,119	2.00	%

28

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

	September 30, 2020
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized					Fair Value		Yield
			Gains		Losses
	($ in thousands)
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. government and agency securities due
5 to 10 years	$	18,448	$	376		$	—	$	18,824	2.05	%
Asset-backed securities
5 to 10 years	38,289		—			(1,600)		36,689		0.83
Over 10 years	906,489		647			(6,908)		900,228		1.14
Corporate debt securities due
Within 1 year	54,209		337			(51)		54,495		1.22
1 to 5 years	128,289		3,366			(428)		131,227		1.78
5 to 10 years	97,157		4,305			—		101,462		1.50
Municipal bonds due
1 to 5 years	1,461		36			—		1,497		—
Over 10 years	36,044		774			—		36,818		5.40
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	929,713		39,166			(627)		968,252		2.82
	2,210,099		49,007			(9,614)		2,249,492		1.97
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	698,934		21,582			—		720,516		3.16
Commercial MBS	6,904		—			(52)		6,852		1.02
	705,838		21,582			(52)		727,368		3.14
	$	2,915,937	$	70,589		$	(9,666)	$	2,976,860	2.25	%

During fiscal 2020, as permitted in conjunction with the adoption of ASU 2019-04, the Company reclassified $374,680,000 of prepayable debt securities from held-to-maturity to available-for-sale. For available-for-sale investment securities, there were purchases of $379,760,000 during the three months ended December 31, 2020 and purchases of $82,028,000 during the three months ended December 31, 2019. There were no sales of available-for-sale investment securities during either period. For held-to-maturity investment securities, there were no purchases during the three months ended December 31, 2020 and no purchases during the three months ended December 31, 2019. There were no sales of held-to-maturity investment securities during either period. Substantially all of the agency mortgage-backed securities have contractual due dates that exceed 10 years.

The Company elected to exclude AIR from the amortized cost basis of debt securities disclosed throughout this footnote. For AFS securities, AIR totaled $3,997,000 and $3,285,000 as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively. For HTM debt securities, AIR totaled $1,506,000 and $1,811,000 as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively. AIR is included in the “accrued interest receivable” line item on the Company’s consolidated statements of financial condition.

The following tables show the gross unrealized losses and fair value of securities as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, by length of time that individual securities in each category have been in a continuous loss position. There were 33 and 51 securities with an unrealized loss as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively. The decline in fair value since purchase is attributable to changes in interest rates. Because the Company does not intend to sell these securities and does not consider it more likely than not that it will be required to sell these securities before the recovery of amortized cost basis, which may be upon maturity, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired.

29

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

December 31, 2020	Less than 12 months				12 months or more				Total
	Unrealized Gross Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Gross Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Gross Losses		Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Available-for-sale securities
Corporate debt securities	$	(173)	$	45,811	$	—	$	—	$	(173)	$	45,811
Asset-backed securities	(398)		219,539		(1,699)		141,478		(2,097)		361,017
Mortgage-backed securities	(1,174)		52,559		(409)		53,606		(1,583)		106,165
	(1,745)		317,909		(2,108)		195,084		(3,853)		512,993
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities	(4)		5,553		—		—		(4)		5,553
	$	(1,749)	$	323,462	$	(2,108)	$	195,084	$	(3,857)	$	518,546

September 30, 2020	Less than 12 months				12 months or more				Total
	Unrealized Gross Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Gross Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Gross Losses		Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Available-for-sale securities
Corporate debt securities	$	(74)	$	45,875	$	(405)	$	24,596	$	(479)	$	70,471
Asset-backed securities	(5,481)		587,746		(3,027)		204,369		(8,508)		792,115
Mortgage-backed securities	(278)		41,897		(349)		56,196		(627)		98,093
	(5,833)		675,518		(3,781)		285,161		(9,614)		960,679
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities	(52)		6,853		—		—		(52)		6,853
	$	(5,885)	$	682,371	$	(3,781)	$	285,161	$	(9,666)	$	967,532

Substantially all of the Company’s held-to-maturity debt securities are issued by U.S. government agencies or U.S. government-sponsored enterprises. These securities carry the explicit and/or implicit guarantee of the U.S. government and have a long history of zero credit loss. Therefore, the Company did not record an allowance for credit losses for these securities as of December 31, 2020 or September 30, 2020.

The Company does not believe that the available-for-sale debt securities that were in an unrealized loss position have any credit loss impairment as of December 31, 2020 or September 30, 2020. The Company does not intend to sell the investment securities that were in an unrealized loss position and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investment securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity. Available-for-sale debt securities issued by U.S. government agencies or U.S. government-sponsored enterprises carry the explicit and/or implicit guarantee of the U.S. government and have a long history of zero credit loss. Corporate debt securities and municipal bonds are considered to have an issuer of high credit quality (rated AA or higher) and the decline in fair value is due to changes in interest rates and other market conditions. The issuer continues to make timely principal and interest payments on the bonds. The fair value is expected to recover as the bonds approach maturity.

30

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

NOTE G – Derivatives and Hedging Activities

The following tables present the fair value, notional amount and balance sheet classification of derivative assets and liabilities at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020.

December 31, 2020	Derivative Assets					Derivative Liabilities
Interest rate contract purpose	Balance Sheet Location	Notional		Fair Value		Balance Sheet Location	Notional		Fair Value
	(In thousands)					(In thousands)
Client swap program hedges	Other assets	$	637,633	$	35,825	Other liabilities	$	637,633	$	35,825
Commercial loan fair value hedges	Other assets	—		—		Other liabilities	90,918		7,508
Mortgage loan fair value hedges	Other assets	—		—		Other liabilities	500,000		12,459
Borrowings cash flow hedges	Other assets	1,500,000		2,743		Other liabilities	—		—
		$	2,137,633	$	38,568		$	1,228,551	$	55,792

September 30, 2020	Derivative Assets					Derivative Liabilities
Interest rate contract purpose	Balance Sheet Location	Notional		Fair Value		Balance Sheet Location	Notional		Fair Value
	(In thousands)					(In thousands)
Client swap program hedges	Other assets	$	656,074	$	48,201	Other liabilities	$	656,074	$	48,201
Commercial loan fair value hedges	Other assets	—		—		Other liabilities	93,316		8,492
Mortgage loan fair value hedges	Other assets	—		—		Other liabilities	500,000		16,061
Borrowings cash flow hedges	Other assets	—		—		Other liabilities	1,600,000		17,375
		$	656,074	$	48,201		$	2,849,390	$	90,129

The Company enters into interest rate swaps to hedge interest rate risk. These arrangements include hedges of individual fixed rate commercial loans and also hedges of a specified portion of pools of prepayable fixed rate mortgage loans under the "last of layer" method. These relationships qualify as fair value hedges under FASB ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging ("ASC 815"), which provides for offsetting of the recognition of gains and losses of the respective interest rate swap and the hedged items. Gains and losses on interest rate swaps designated in these hedge relationships, along with the offsetting gains and losses on the hedged items attributable to the hedged risk, are recognized in current earnings within the same income statement line item.

Upon electing to apply ASC 815 fair value hedge accounting, the carrying value of the hedged item is adjusted to reflect the cumulative impact of changes in fair value attributable to the hedged risk. The hedge basis adjustment remains with the hedged item until the hedged item is de-recognized from the balance sheet. The following tables present the impact of fair value hedge accounting on the carrying value of the hedged items at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020.

(In thousands)	December 31, 2020
Balance sheet line item in which hedged item is recorded	Carrying value of hedged items		Cumulative gain (loss) fair value hedge adjustment included in carrying amount of hedged items
Loans receivable (1) (2)	$	2,242,120	$	20,208
	$	2,242,120	$	20,208

(1) Includes the amortized cost basis of the closed mortgage loan portfolios used to designate the hedging relationships in which the hedged items are the last layer expected to be remaining at the end of the hedging relationships. At December 31, 2020, the amortized cost basis of the closed loan portfolios used in the hedging relationships was $2,143,675,000, the cumulative basis adjustment associated with the hedging relationships was $12,515,000, and the amount of the designated hedged items was $500,000,000.

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WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

(2) Includes the amortized cost basis of commercial loans designated in fair value hedging relationships. At December 31, 2020, the amortized cost basis of the hedged commercial loans was $98,445,000 and the cumulative basis adjustment associated with the hedging relationships was $7,693,000.

(In thousands)	September 30, 2020
Balance sheet line item in which hedged item is recorded	Carrying value of hedged items		Cumulative gain (loss) fair value hedge adjustment included in carrying amount of hedged items
Loans receivable (1) (2)	$	2,562,765	$	24,664
	$	2,562,765	$	24,664

(1) Includes the amortized cost basis of the closed mortgage loan portfolios used to designate the hedging relationships in which the hedged items are the last layer expected to be remaining at the end of the hedging relationships. At September 30, 2020, the amortized cost basis of the closed loan portfolios used in the hedging relationships was $2,461,008,000, the cumulative basis adjustment associated with the hedging relationships was $16,049,000, and the amount of the designated hedged items was $500,000,000.

(2) Includes the amortized cost basis of commercial loans designated in fair value hedging relationships. At September 30, 2020, the amortized cost basis of the hedged commercial loans was $101,757,000 and the cumulative basis adjustment associated with the hedging relationships was $8,615,000.

The Company has entered into interest rate swaps to convert certain short-term borrowings to fixed rate payments. The primary purpose of these hedges is to mitigate the risk of changes in future cash flows resulting from increasing interest rates. For qualifying cash flow hedges under ASC 815, gains and losses on the interest rate swaps are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI") and then reclassified into earnings in the same period the hedged cash flows affect earnings and within the same income statement line item as the hedged cash flows. During the three months ended December 31, 2020, a cash flow hedge with a notional amount of $100,000,000 and an effective interest rate of 1.39% was terminated and the FHLB advance was repaid. As of December 31, 2020, the maturities for hedges of adjustable rate borrowings ranged from less than one year to nine years, with the weighted average being 6.8 years.

The following tables present the gain (loss) recognized in AOCI on derivative instruments related to cash flow hedges on borrowings for the periods presented.

(In thousands)	Three Months Ended December 31,
Amount of gain/(loss) recognized in AOCI	2020		2019
Interest rate contracts:
Pay fixed/receive floating swaps on borrowings cash flow hedges	$	20,118	$	3,115
Total pre-tax gain/(loss) recognized in AOCI	$	20,118	$	3,115

The following tables present the gain (loss) on derivative instruments in fair value and cash flow accounting hedging relationships under ASC 815 for the periods presented.

32

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2020				Three Months Ended December 31, 2019
	Interest income on loans receivable		Interest expense on FHLB advances		Interest income on loans receivable		Interest expense on FHLB advances
	(In thousands)				(In thousands)
Interest income/(expense), including the effects of fair value and cash flow hedges	$	133,671	$	(13,198)	$	142,146	$	(13,658)
Gain/(loss) on fair value hedging relationships:
Interest rate contracts
Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives	$	(1,541)			$	(7)
Recognized on derivatives	4,587				4,692
Recognized on hedged items	(4,456)				(4,593)
Net income/(expense) recognized on fair value hedges	$	(1,410)			$	92
Gain/(loss) on cash flow hedging relationships:
Interest rate contracts
Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives			$	3,597			$	(214)
Amount of derivative gain/(loss) reclassified from AOCI into interest income/expense			—				—
Net income/(expense) recognized on cash flow hedges			$	3,597			$	(214)

The Company periodically enters into certain interest rate swap agreements in order to provide commercial loan customers the ability to convert from variable to fixed interest rate payments, while the Company retains a variable rate loan. Under these agreements, the Company enters into a variable rate loan agreement and a swap agreement with the client. The swap agreement effectively converts the client’s variable rate loan into a fixed rate. The Company enters into a corresponding swap agreement with a third party in order to offset its exposure on the variable and fixed components of the client's swap agreement. The interest rate swaps are derivatives under ASC 815, with changes in fair value recorded in earnings. There was no net impact to the statement of operations for the three months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 as the changes in fair value of the receive fixed swap and pay fixed swap offset each other.

The following tables present the impact of derivative instruments (client swap program) that are not designated in accounting hedges under ASC 815 for the periods presented.

(In thousands)		Three Months Ended December 31,
Derivative instruments	Classification of gain/(loss) recognized in income on derivative instrument	2020		2019
Interest rate contracts:
Pay fixed/receive floating swap	Other noninterest income	$	12,376	$	5,408
Receive fixed/pay floating swap	Other noninterest income	(12,376)		(5,408)
		$	—	$	—

33

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

NOTE H – Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Since net interest income on financial assets and liabilities is outside the scope of ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606"), a significant majority of our revenues are not subject to that guidance.

Revenue streams that are within the scope of ASC 606 are presented within non-interest income and are, in general, recognized as revenue at the same time the Company's obligation to the customer is satisfied. Most of the Company's customer contracts that are within the scope of the new guidance are cancelable by either party without penalty and are short-term in nature. These sources of revenue include depositor and other consumer and business banking fees, commission income, as well as debit and credit card interchange fees. In scope revenue streams represented approximately 5.4% of our total revenues for the three months ended December 31, 2020, compared to 4.4% for the three months ended December 31, 2019. As this standard is immaterial to our consolidated financial statements, the Company has omitted certain disclosures in ASC 606, including the disaggregation of revenue table. Sources of non-interest income within the scope of the guidance include the following:

Deposit related and other service charges (recognized in Deposit fee income) - The Company's deposit accounts are governed by standardized contracts customary in the industry. Revenues are earned at a point in time or over time (monthly) from account maintenance fees and charges for specific transactions such as wire transfers, stop payment orders, overdrafts, debit card replacements, check orders and cashier’s checks. The Company’s performance obligation related to each of these fees is generally satisfied, and the related revenue recognized, at the time the service is provided (point in time or monthly). The Company is principal in each of these contracts.

Debit and Credit Card Interchange Fees (recognized in Deposit fee income) - The Company receives interchange fees from the debit card or credit card payment network based on transactions involving debit or credit cards issued by the Company, generally measured as a percentage of the underlying transaction. Interchange fees from debit and credit card transactions are recognized as the transaction processing services are provided by the network. The Company acts as an agent in the card payment network arrangement so the interchange fees are recorded net of any expenses paid to the principal (the card payment network in this case).

Insurance Agency Commissions (recognized in Other income) - WAFD Insurance Group, Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Washington Federal Bank, N.A. that operates as an insurance agency, selling and marketing property and casualty insurance policies for a small number of high-quality insurance carriers. WAFD Insurance Group, Inc. earns revenue in the form of commissions paid by the insurance carriers for policies that have been sold. In addition to the origination commission, WAFD Insurance Group, Inc. may also receive contingent incentive fees based on the volume of business generated for the insurance carrier and based on policy renewal rates.

NOTE I – Commitments and Contingencies

Lease Commitments - The Company’s lease commitments consist primarily of real estate property for branches and office space under various non-cancellable operating leases that expire between 2021 and 2070. The majority of the leases contain renewal options and provisions for increases in rental rates based on a predetermined schedule or an agreed upon index.

Financial Instruments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk - The only material off-balance-sheet credit exposures are loans in process and unused lines of credit, which had a combined balance of $3,011,286,000 and $2,738,095,000 at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively. The reserve was $26,500,000 as of December 31, 2020, which is an increase from $25,000,000 at September 30, 2020. See Note A "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" for details regarding the reserve methodology.

Legal Proceedings - The Company and its subsidiaries are from time to time defendants in and are threatened with various legal proceedings arising from regular business activities. Management, after consulting with legal counsel, is of the opinion that the ultimate liability, if any, resulting from these pending or threatened actions and proceedings will not have a material effect on the financial statements of the Company.

34

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

PART I – Financial Information

Item 2.                Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

Washington Federal, Inc. (the "Company" or "Washington Federal") makes statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that constitute forward-looking statements. Words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “intends,” “forecasts,” “projects” and other similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “should,” “would” and “could” are intended to help identify such forward-looking statements. These statements are not historical facts, but instead represent current expectations, plans or forecasts of the Company and are based on the beliefs and assumptions of the management of the Company and the information available to management at the time that these disclosures were prepared. The Company intends for all such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and the provisions of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These statements are not guarantees of future results or performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict and often are beyond the Company's control. Actual outcomes and results may differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, the Company's forward-looking statements.

You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement and should consider the following uncertainties and risks, as well as the risks and uncertainties discussed elsewhere in this report, including under Item 1A. “Risk Factors,” the Risk Factors included in the Company’s 2020 Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2020, and in any of the Company's other subsequent Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") filings, which could cause the Company's future results to differ materially from the plans, objectives, goals, estimates, intentions and expectations expressed in forward-looking statements:

•a deterioration in economic conditions, including declines in the real estate market and home sale volumes and financial stress on borrowers (consumers and businesses) as a result of the uncertain economic environment;

•the effects of natural or man-made disasters, calamities, or conflicts, including terrorist events and pandemics (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), including on our asset credit quality and business operations, as well as its impact on general economic and financial market conditions;

•the effects of a severe economic downturn, including high unemployment rates and declines in housing prices and property values, in the Company's primary market areas;

•the effects of and changes in monetary and fiscal policies of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and the U.S. Government, including responses to the COVID-19 pandemic;

•fluctuations in interest rate risk and changes in market interest rates, including risk related to LIBOR reform and risk of negative rates;

•the Company's ability to make accurate assumptions and judgments about the collectability of its loan portfolio, including the creditworthiness of its borrowers and the value of the assets securing these loans;

•legislative and regulatory limitations, including those arising under the Dodd-Frank Act and potential limitations

in the manner in which the Company conducts its business and undertakes new investments and activities;

•the ability of the Company to obtain external financing to fund its operations or obtain this financing on favorable terms;

•changes in other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory and technological factors affecting the Company's markets, operations, pricing, products, services and fees;

•the success of the Company at managing the risks involved in the remediation efforts associated with its Bank Secrecy Act ("BSA") program, costs of enhancements to the Bank’s BSA program are greater than anticipated; and governmental authorities undertake enforcement actions or legal proceedings with respect to the Bank’s BSA program beyond those contemplated by the Consent Order, and the potential impact of such matters on the success, timing and ability to pursue the Company’s growth or other business initiatives;

•the success of the Company at managing the risks involved in the remediation efforts associated with its Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (“HMDA”) compliance and reporting, risks the costs of enhancements to the Bank’s HMDA program are greater than anticipated; and risks governmental authorities undertake enforcement actions or legal proceedings with respect to the Bank’s HMDA program beyond those contemplated by the Consent Orders that have been entered into with the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (the “CFPB”);

•the success of the Company at managing the risks involved in the foregoing and managing its business; and

•the timing and occurrence or non-occurrence of events that may be subject to circumstances beyond the Company's control.

35

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which such statements are made, and the Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events, changes to future operating results over time, or the impact of circumstances arising after the date the forward-looking statement was made.

GENERAL & BUSINESS DESCRIPTION

Washington Federal Bank, National Association, a federally-insured national bank dba WaFd Bank (the “Bank” or “WaFd Bank”), was founded on April 24, 1917 in Ballard, Washington and is engaged primarily in providing lending, depository, insurance and other banking services to consumers, mid-sized to large businesses, and owners and developers of commercial real estate. Washington Federal, Inc., a Washington corporation (the “Company”), was formed as the Bank’s holding company in November, 1994. As used throughout this document, the terms “Washington Federal” or the “Company” refer to the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, and the term “Bank” refers to the operating subsidiary, Washington Federal Bank, National Association. The Company is headquartered in Seattle, Washington.

The Company's fiscal year end is September 30th. All references to 2020 represent balances as of September 30, 2020 or activity for the fiscal year then ended.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The Company has determined that the only accounting policy critical to an understanding of the consolidated financial statements of Washington Federal relates to the methodology for determining the amount of the allowance for credit losses (“ACL”). The Company maintains an allowance based on the expected credit losses over the contractual life of the loan portfolio as well as unfunded loan commitments. The allowance is based on ongoing, quarterly assessments by management.

The ACL consists of the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for unfunded commitments. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (“ASC 326”). The ASC, as amended is intended to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments that are not accounted for at fair value through net income.

The Company early adopted ASC 326 during fiscal 2020 and based on the application of the modified retrospective method it became effective on October 1, 2019 for all financial assets measured at amortized cost (primarily loans receivable and held-to-maturity debt securities) and off-balance-sheet credit exposures. The Company recorded a decrease to retained earnings of $21,945,000 as of October 1, 2019 for the cumulative effect of adopting ASC 326.

As a result of our adoption of ASC 326, our methodology for estimating the ACL changed significantly from September 30, 2019. The standard replaced the “incurred loss” approach with an “expected loss” approach known as current expected credit loss (“CECL”). The CECL methodology requires an estimate of the credit losses expected over the life of an exposure (or pool of exposures) and it removes the incurred loss methodology’s threshold that delayed the recognition of a credit loss until it was “probable” a loss event was deemed to be “incurred.”

The estimate of expected credit losses under the CECL methodology is based on relevant information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amounts. Historical loss experience is generally the starting point for estimating expected credit losses. We then consider whether the historical loss experience should be adjusted for asset-specific risk characteristics or current conditions at the reporting date that did not exist over the period from which historical experience was based. Finally, we consider forecasts about future economic conditions or changes in collateral values that are reasonable and supportable.

Management’s determination of the amount of the ACL is a critical accounting estimate as it requires significant reliance on the credit risk we ascribe to individual borrowers, the use of estimates and significant judgment as to the amount and timing of expected future cash flows on criticized loans, significant reliance on historical loss rates on homogenous portfolios, consideration of our quantitative and qualitative evaluation of past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amounts.

Going forward, the impact of utilizing the CECL methodology to calculate the ACL will be significantly influenced by the composition, characteristics and quality of our loan portfolio, as well as the prevailing economic conditions and forecasts utilized. Material changes to these and other relevant factors may result in greater volatility to the allowance for credit losses, and therefore, greater volatility in our reported earnings. See Notes A, D and E to the Consolidated Financial Statements and the

36

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

“Asset Quality and Allowance for Credit Losses” section below for more information on loans receivable and the allowance for credit losses.

ASSET QUALITY & ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES

The Company maintains an ACL for the expected credit losses over the contractual life of the loan portfolio as well as unfunded loan commitments. The amount of ACL is based on ongoing, quarterly assessments by management.

The ACL consists of the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for unfunded commitments. The estimate of expected credit losses under the CECL methodology is based on relevant information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amounts. Historical loss experience is generally the starting point for estimating expected credit losses. We then consider whether the historical loss experience should be adjusted for asset-specific risk characteristics or current conditions at the reporting date that did not exist over the period that historical experience was based for each loan type. Finally, we consider forecasts about future economic conditions or changes in collateral values that are reasonable and supportable.

Portfolio segment is defined as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic methodology to determine its ACL. The Company has designated two loan portfolio segments, commercial loans and consumer loans. These loan portfolio segments are further disaggregated into classes, which represent loans of similar type, risk characteristics, and methods for monitoring and assessing credit risk. The commercial loan portfolio segment is disaggregated into five classes: multi-family, commercial real estate, commercial and industrial, construction, and land acquisition and development. The risk of loss for the commercial loan portfolio segment is generally most indicated by the credit risk rating assigned to each borrower. Commercial loan risk ratings are determined by experienced senior credit officers based on specific facts and circumstances and are subject to periodic review by an independent internal team of credit specialists. The consumer loan portfolio segment is disaggregated into five classes: single-family-residential mortgage, custom construction, consumer lot loans, home equity lines of credit, and other consumer. The risk of loss for the consumer loan portfolio segment is generally most indicated by delinquency status and general economic factors. Each commercial and consumer loan portfolio class may also be further segmented based on risk characteristics.

For most of our loan portfolio classes, the historical loss experience is determined using a cohort methodology. This method pools loans into groups (“cohorts”) sharing similar risk characteristics and tracks each cohort’s net charge-offs over the lives of the loans to calculate a historical loss rate. The historical loss rates for each cohort are then averaged to calculate an overall historical loss rate which is applied to the current loan balance to arrive at the quantitative baseline portion of the allowance for credit losses for the respective loan portfolio class. For certain loan portfolio classes, the Company determined there was not sufficient historical loss information to calculate a meaningful historical loss rate using the cohort methodology. For any such loan portfolio class, the weighted-average remaining maturity (“WARM”) methodology is being utilized until sufficient historical loss data is obtained. The WARM method multiplies an average annual loss rate by the expected remaining life of the loan pool to arrive at the quantitative baseline portion of the allowance for credit losses for the respective loan portfolio class.

The Company also considers qualitative adjustments to the historical loss rate for each loan portfolio class. The qualitative adjustments for each loan class consider the conditions over the period from which historical loss experience was based and are split into two components: 1) asset or class specific risk characteristics or current conditions at the reporting date related to portfolio credit quality, remaining payments, volume and nature, credit culture and management, business environment or other management factors and 2) reasonable and supportable forecast of future economic conditions and collateral values.

The Company performs a quarterly asset quality review which includes a review of forecasted gross charge-offs and recoveries, nonperforming assets, criticized loans, risk rating migration, delinquencies, etc. The asset quality review is performed by management and the results are used to consider a qualitative overlay to the quantitative baseline. The second qualitative adjustment noted above, economic conditions and collateral values, encompasses a one-year reasonable and supportable forecast period. The overlay adjustment for the reasonable and supportable forecast assumes an immediate reversion after the one-year forecast period to historical loss rates for the remaining life of the respective loan pool.

When management deems it to be appropriate, the Company establishes a specific reserve for individually evaluated loans that do not share similar risk characteristics with the loans included in each respective loan pool. These individually evaluated loans are removed from their respective pools and typically represent collateral dependent loans but may also include other non-performing loans or troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”). In addition, the Company individually evaluates “reasonably expected” TDRs, which are identified by the Company as a loan expected to be classified as a TDR within the next six months. Management judgment is utilized to make this determination.

37

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

The reserve for unfunded commitments represents the expected lifetime credit losses on off-balance sheet obligations such as commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. However, a liability is not recognized for commitments that are unconditionally cancellable by the Company. The reserve for unfunded commitments is determined by estimating future draws, including the effects of risk mitigation actions, and applying the expected loss rates on those draws. Loss rates are estimated by utilizing the same loss rates calculated for the allowance for credit losses related to the respective loan portfolio class.

INTEREST RATE RISK

Based on management's assessment of the current interest rate environment, the Company has taken steps, including growing shorter-term loans and transaction deposit accounts, to reduce its interest rate risk profile. The mix of transaction and savings accounts is 73% of total deposits as of December 31, 2020 while the composition of the investment securities portfolio is 36% variable and 64% fixed rate. When interest rates rise, the fair value of the investment securities with fixed rates will decrease and vice versa when interest rates decline. The Company has $586,870,000 of mortgage-backed securities that it has designated as held-to-maturity and are carried at amortized cost. As of December 31, 2020, the net unrealized gain on these securities was $19,305,000. The Company has $2,482,944,000 of available-for-sale securities that are carried at fair value. As of December 31, 2020, the net unrealized gain on these securities was $51,070,000. The Company has executed interest rate swaps to hedge interest rate risk on certain FHLB borrowings. The unrealized gain on these interest rate swaps as of December 31, 2020 was $2,743,000. All of the above are pre-tax net unrealized gains or losses.

The Company relies on various measures of interest rate risk, including an asset/liability analysis, modeling of changes in forecasted net interest income under various rate change scenarios, and the impact of interest rate changes on the net portfolio value (“NPV”) of the Company.

Net Interest Income Sensitivity - The Company estimates the sensitivity of its net interest income to changes in market interest rates using an interest rate simulation model that includes assumptions related to the level of balance sheet growth, deposit repricing characteristics and the rate of prepayments for multiple interest rate change scenarios. Interest rate sensitivity depends on certain repricing characteristics in the Company's interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, including the maturity structure of assets and liabilities and their repricing characteristics during the periods of changes in market interest rates. The analysis assumes a constant balance sheet. Actual results would differ from the assumptions used in this model, as management monitors and adjusts loan and deposit pricing and the size and composition of the balance sheet to respond to changing interest rates.

As of December 31, 2020, in the event of an immediate and parallel increase of 200 basis points in both short and long-term interest rates, the model estimates that net interest income would increase by 6.4% in the next year. This compares to an estimated increase of 3.4% as of the September 30, 2020 analysis. The change is primarily due to fluctuating interest rates and the impact to expected prepayment speeds as well as shifts in the mix of fixed versus adjustable rate assets and updated deposit betas used for transaction deposits in the Company's asset liability management model. Management estimates that a gradual increase of 300 basis points in short term rates and 100 basis points in long term rates over two years would result in a net interest income increase of 1.5% in the first year and increase of 4.7% in the second year assuming a constant balance sheet and no management intervention. We have not provided an estimate of any impact on net interest income of a decrease in interest rates at December 31, 2020 as many of our interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities are tied to interest rates that are already at or near their historical minimum levels (i.e., Prime and LIBOR) and, therefore, could not materially decrease further assuming U.S. market interest rates continue to remain above zero percent. Sustained negative interest rates for an economy with the size and complexity of the United States would likely lead to broad macroeconomic impacts that are difficult to foresee. While there is a possibility that U.S market interest rates could fall below zero percent, this has not occurred in the United States.

NPV Sensitivity - NPV is an estimate of the market value of shareholders' equity. NPV is calculated as the difference between the present value of expected cash flows from interest-earning assets and the present value of expected cash flows from interest-paying liabilities and off-balance-sheet contracts. The sensitivity of NPV to changes in interest rates provides a view of interest rate risk as it incorporates all future expected cash flows. As of December 31, 2020, in the event of an immediate and parallel increase of 200 basis points in interest rates, the NPV is estimated to increase by $206,536,000 or 7.4% and the NPV to total assets ratio to increase to 16.2% from a base of 14.4%. As of September 30, 2020, the NPV in the event of a 200 basis point increase in rates was estimated to increase by $141,000,000 or 5.3% and the NPV to total assets ratio to increase to 15.6% from a base of 14.1%. The change in NPV sensitivity is due primarily to changes in interest rates that has impacted asset prices as well as sensitivity to expected prepayment speeds on fixed rate loans and mortgage-backed securities as of December 31, 2020.

Interest Rate Spread - The interest rate spread is measured as the difference between the rate on total loans and investments and the rate on costing liabilities at the end of each period. The interest rate spread was 2.34% at December 31, 2020 and was also 2.34% at September 30, 2020. As of December 31, 2020, the weighted average rate on interest-earning assets decreased by 11

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WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

basis points to 2.92% compared to September 30, 2020, while the weighted average rate on interest-bearing liabilities decreased by 11 basis points to 0.58%. The interest rate spread decreased to 2.34% at December 31, 2020 from 2.76% at December 31, 2019 due to the same factors described above.

Net Interest Margin - Net interest margin is measured as net interest income divided by average earning assets for the period. Net interest margin decreased to 2.75% for the quarter ended December 31, 2020 from 3.15% for the quarter ended December 31, 2019. The yield on interest-earning assets decreased 97 basis points to 3.34% and the cost of interest-bearing liabilities decreased 67 basis points to 0.76% over that same period. The compression in the net interest margin since the prior year same quarter is primarily due to the rapid drop in short-term rates by the Federal Reserve Bank in response to the COVID-19 pandemic which resulted in the changes in average rates noted above. Additionally, the balance of low yielding cash was relatively high at $1,830,722,000 as of December 31, 2020 and the Company had $646,887,000 in PPP loans as of that date that have a relatively low yield and were originated since the prior year same quarter. The lower rate in interest-bearing liabilities was primarily due to lower rates paid on interest-bearing deposits as well as FHLB advances.

The following table sets forth the information explaining the changes in the net interest margin for the period indicated compared to the same period one year ago.

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2020						Three Months Ended December 31, 2019
	Average Balance		Interest		Average Rate		Average Balance		Interest		Average Rate
	($ in thousands)						($ in thousands)
Assets
Loans receivable	$	12,824,870	$	133,671	4.14	%	$	11,924,778	$	142,146	4.73	%
Mortgage-backed securities	1,582,286		7,230		1.81		2,360,374		15,612		2.62
Cash & Investments	3,004,224		5,265		0.70		776,633		5,425		2.77
FHLB & FRB stock	140,730		1,656		4.67		124,568		1,641		5.23
Total interest-earning assets	17,552,110		147,822		3.34	%	15,186,353		164,824		4.31	%
Other assets	1,307,937						1,189,996
Total assets	$	18,860,047					$	16,376,349
Liabilities and Equity
Interest-bearing customer accounts	$	11,619,857	$	14,110	0.48	%	$	10,247,113	$	31,481	1.22	%
FHLB advances	2,668,478		13,198		1.96		2,264,457		13,658		2.39
Total interest-bearing liabilities	14,288,335		27,308		0.76	%	12,511,570		45,139		1.43	%
Noninterest-bearing customer accounts	2,258,685						1,641,054
Other liabilities	275,834						206,876
Total liabilities	16,822,854						14,359,500
Shareholders' equity	2,037,193						2,016,849
Total liabilities and equity	$	18,860,047					$	16,376,349
Net interest income			$	120,514					$	119,685
Net interest margin (NIM)					2.75	%					3.15	%

As of December 31, 2020, total assets had increased by $269,567,000 to $19,063,622,000 from $18,794,055,000 at September 30, 2020. During the three months ended December 31, 2020, cash and cash equivalents increased by $127,745,000 and loans receivable increased $88,693,000.

Cash and cash equivalents of $1,830,722,000 and shareholders’ equity of $2,061,767,000 as of December 31, 2020 provide management with flexibility in managing interest rate risk going forward.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

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WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

The principal sources of funds for the Company's activities are loan repayments (including prepayments), net deposit inflows, repayments and sales of investments and borrowings and retained earnings, if applicable. The Company's principal sources of revenue are interest on loans and interest and dividends on investments. Additionally, the Company earns fee income for loan, deposit, insurance and other services.

The Company participated in the Small Business Administration’s Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP"). This program came about through the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) passed by Congress to help small businesses keep their employees employed through the COVID-19 shelter in place orders. In 2020, the Company assisted over 6,500 businesses with more than $780,000,000 in PPP loans.

The Company is actively working with its borrowers to modify consumer mortgage and commercial loans to provide payment deferrals as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The terms of the payment deferrals are generally 90 days for consumer mortgage loans and up to 180 days for commercial loans and borrowers may be eligible for multiple deferrals. Pursuant to the CARES Act, these loan modifications are not accounted for as TDRs. As of December 31, 2020, 183 mortgage loans totaling $46,000,000 and 10 commercial loans totaling $32,000,000 that had been modified remain in deferral. These loans are not considered past due until after the deferral period is over and scheduled payments have resumed.

The Bank has a credit line with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines ("FHLB") up to 45% of total assets depending on specific collateral eligibility. This line provides a substantial source of additional liquidity if needed.

The Bank has entered into borrowing agreements with the FHLB to borrow funds under a short-term floating rate cash management advance program and fixed-rate term loan agreements. All borrowings are secured by stock of the FHLB, deposits with the FHLB, and a blanket pledge of qualifying loans receivable as provided in the agreements with the FHLB. The Bank is also eligible to borrow under the Federal Reserve Bank's primary credit program.

The Company's cash and cash equivalents totaled $1,830,722,000 at December 31, 2020, an increase from $1,702,977,000 at September 30, 2020. These amounts include the Bank's operating cash.

The Company’s shareholders' equity at December 31, 2020 was $2,061,767,000, or 10.82% of total assets. This is an increase of $47,634,000 from September 30, 2020 when net worth was $2,014,133,000, or 10.72% of total assets. The Company’s shareholders' equity was impacted in the three months ended December 31, 2020 by net income of $38,951,000, the payment of $16,577,000 in cash dividends, treasury stock purchases of $701,000, as well as other comprehensive income of $24,482,000. The ratio of tangible capital to tangible assets at December 31, 2020 was 9.34%. Management believes the Company's strong net worth position allows it to manage balance sheet risk and provide the capital support needed for controlled growth in a regulated environment.

Washington Federal, Inc. and its banking subsidiary are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material adverse effect on the Company's financial statements.

Federal banking agencies establish regulatory capital rules that require minimum capital ratios and establish criteria for calculating regulatory capital. Minimum capital ratios for four measures are used for assessing capital adequacy. The standards are indicated in the table below. The common equity tier 1 capital ratio recognizes common equity as the highest form of capital. The denominator for all except the leverage ratio is risk weighted assets. The rules set forth a “capital conservation buffer” of up to 2.5%. In the event that a bank’s capital levels fall below the minimum ratios plus these buffers, the bank's regulators may place restrictions on it. These restrictions include reducing dividend payments, share buy-backs, and staff bonus payments. The purpose of these buffers is to require banks to build up capital outside of periods of stress that can be drawn down during periods of stress. As a result, even during periods where losses are incurred, the minimum capital ratios can still be met.

40

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

There are also standards for Adequate and Well Capitalized criteria that are used for “Prompt Corrective Action” purposes. To remain categorized as well capitalized, the Bank and the Company must maintain minimum common equity risk-based, tier 1 risk-based, total risk-based and tier 1 leverage ratios as set forth in the following table.

	Actual				Minimum Capital Adequacy Guidelines		Minimum Well-Capitalized Guidelines
($ in thousands)	Capital		Ratio		Ratio		Ratio
December 31, 2020
Common Equity Tier I risk-based capital ratio:
The Company	$	1,711,296	12.65	%	4.50	%	NA
The Bank	1,665,018		12.31	%	4.50	%	6.50	%
Tier I risk-based capital ratio:
The Company	1,711,296		12.65	%	6.00	%	NA
The Bank	1,665,018		12.31	%	6.00	%	8.00	%
Total risk-based capital ratio:
The Company	1,880,718		13.90	%	8.00	%	NA
The Bank	1,834,435		13.56	%	8.00	%	10.00	%
Tier 1 Leverage ratio:
The Company	1,711,296		9.25	%	4.00	%	NA
The Bank	1,665,018		9.00	%	4.00	%	5.00	%
September 30, 2020
Common Equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio:
The Company	$	1,687,676	12.93	%	4.50	%	NA
The Bank	1,625,478		12.46	%	4.50	%	6.50	%
Tier I risk-based capital ratio:
The Company	1,687,676		12.93	%	6.00	%	NA
The Bank	1,625,478		12.46	%	6.00	%	8.00	%
Total risk-based capital ratio:
The Company	1,851,136		14.19	%	8.00	%	NA
The Bank	1,788,904		13.71	%	8.00	%	10.00	%
Tier 1 Leverage ratio:
The Company	1,687,676		9.28	%	4.00	%	NA
The Bank	1,625,478		8.94	%	4.00	%	5.00	%

CHANGES IN FINANCIAL CONDITION

Cash and cash equivalents - Cash and cash equivalents are $1,830,722,000 at December 31, 2020, an increase of $127,745,000, or 7.5%, since September 30, 2020. The change is primarily due to the large increase in deposits.

Available-for-sale and held-to-maturity investment securities - Available-for-sale securities increased $233,452,000, or 10.4%, during the three months ended December 31, 2020, mostly due to purchases of $379,760,000, offset by principal repayments and maturities of $157,246,000. During the same period, the balance of held-to-maturity securities decreased by $118,968,000 primarily due to principal pay-downs and maturities of $116,223,000. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had a net unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities of $51,070,000, which is included on a net of tax basis in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

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WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Substantially all of the Company’s held-to-maturity and available-for-sale debt securities are issued by U.S. government agencies or U.S. government-sponsored enterprises. These securities carry the explicit and/or implicit guarantee of the U.S. government and have a long history of zero credit loss. The Company did not record an allowance for credit losses for held-to-maturity securities as of December 31, 2020 or September 30, 2020 as the investment portfolio consists primarily of U.S. government agency mortgage-backed securities that management deems to have immaterial risk of loss. The impact going forward will depend on the composition, characteristics, and credit quality of the loan and securities portfolios as well as the economic conditions at future reporting periods. The Company does not believe that any of its available-for-sale debt securities had credit loss impairment as of December 31, 2020 or September 30, 2020, therefore, no allowance was recorded.

Loans receivable - Loans receivable, net of related contra accounts, increased by $88,693,000 to $12,881,010,000 at December 31, 2020, compared to $12,792,317,000 at September 30, 2020. The increase was primarily the net result of originations of $1,915,025,000 and loan principal repayments of $1,600,257,000 as well as a $223,900,000 increase in loans in process. Commercial loan originations accounted for 75% of total originations and consumer loan originations were 25% during the period. The mix of loan originations is consistent with management's strategy during low rate environments to produce more construction, multifamily, commercial real estate, and commercial and industrial loans that generally have adjustable interest rates or a shorter duration.

The following table shows the loan portfolio by category and the change.

	December 31, 2020				September 30, 2020				Change
	($ in thousands)				($ in thousands)				$		%
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,610,796	10.9	%	$	1,538,762	10.6	%	$	72,034	4.7	%
Commercial real estate	1,954,154		13.2		1,895,086		13.1		59,068		3.1
Commercial & industrial (1)	2,256,627		15.3		2,132,160		14.7		124,467		5.8
Construction	2,687,708		18.2		2,403,276		16.6		284,432		11.8
Land - acquisition & development	193,239		1.3		193,745		1.3		(506)		(0.3)
Total commercial loans	8,702,524		58.9		8,163,029		56.3		539,495		6.6
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,063,053		34.2		5,304,689		36.7		(241,636)		(4.6)
Construction - custom	659,364		4.5		674,879		4.7		(15,515)		(2.3)
Land - consumer lot loans	110,841		0.7		102,263		0.7		8,578		8.4
HELOC	139,752		0.9		139,703		1.0		49		—
Consumer	111,292		0.8		83,159		0.6		28,133		33.8
Total consumer loans	6,084,302		41.1		6,304,693		43.7		(220,391)		(3.5)
Total gross loans	14,786,826		100	%	14,467,722		100	%	319,104		2.2
Less:
Allowance for credit losses on loans	170,189				166,955				3,234		1.9
Loans in process	1,679,972				1,456,072				223,900		15.4
Net deferred fees, costs and discounts	55,655				52,378				3,277		6.3
Total loan contra accounts	1,905,816				1,675,405				230,411		13.8
Net loans	$	12,881,010			$	12,792,317			$	88,693	0.7	%

(1) Includes $762,004,000 of PPP loans as of September 30, 2020 and $646,887,000 as of December 31, 2020.

Non-performing assets - Non-performing assets increased $28,847,000 during the three months ended December 31, 2020 to $66,542,000 from $37,695,000 at September 30, 2020. The change is due to a $29,350,000 increase in non-accrual loans and $503,000 decline in real estate owned ("REO"). Non-performing assets as a percentage of total assets was 0.35% at December 31, 2020 compared to 0.20% at September 30, 2020.

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WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

The following table sets forth information regarding troubled debt restructured loans and non-performing assets.

	December 31, 2020					September 30, 2020
	($ in thousands)
Troubled debt restructured loans:
Multi - family	$	288		0.3	%	$	304		0.3	%
Commercial real estate	2,476			2.9		1,462			1.6
Commercial & industrial	48			0.1		51			0.1
Construction	—			—		—			—
Land - acquisition & development	—			—		—			—
Single-family residential	80,155			92.9		85,607			93.6
Construction - custom	—			—		—			—
Land - consumer lot loans	2,714			3.1		3,106			3.4
HELOC	584			0.7		826			0.9
Consumer	49			—		52			0.1
Total restructured loans (1)	$	86,314		100	%	$	91,408		100	%
Non-accrual loans:
Multi - family	$	—		—	%	$	—		—	%
Commercial real estate	31,397			53.8		3,771			13.0
Commercial & industrial	594			1.0		329			1.1
Construction	1,237			2.1		1,669			5.8
Land - acquisition & development	—			—		—			—
Single-family residential	24,349			41.7		22,431			77.2
Construction - custom	—			—		—			—
Land - consumer lot loans	443			0.8		243			0.8
HELOC	334			0.6		553			1.9
Consumer	52			0.1		60			0.2
Total non-accrual loans	58,406			100	%	29,056			100	%
Real estate owned	4,463					4,966
Other property owned	3,673					3,673
Total non-performing assets	$	66,542				$	37,695
Total non-performing assets and performing restructured loans as a percentage of total assets	0.79		%			0.67		%
Total Assets
(1)    Restructured loans were as follows:
Performing	$	84,482		97.9	%	$	89,072		97.4	%
Non-performing (included in non-accrual loans above)	1,832			2.1		2,336			2.6
	$	86,314		100	%	$	91,408		100	%

For the three months ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized $3,489,000 in interest income on cash payments received from borrowers on non-accrual loans. The Company would have recognized interest income of $402,000 for the same period had these loans performed according to their original contract terms. Recognized interest income for the three months ended December 31, 2020 was higher than what otherwise would have been recognized in the period due to the collection of past due amounts. In addition to the non-accrual loans reflected in the above table, the Company had $535,586,000 of loans that were less than 90 days delinquent at December 31, 2020 but were classified as substandard for one or more reasons. If these loans were deemed non-performing, the Company's ratio of total NPAs and performing restructured loans as a percent of total assets would have increased to 3.60% at December 31, 2020.

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WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Restructured single-family residential loans are reserved for under the Company’s general reserve methodology. If any individual loan is significant in balance, the Company may establish a specific reserve as warranted.

Most restructured loans are accruing and performing loans where the borrower has proactively approached the Bank about modifications due to temporary financial difficulties. Each request is individually evaluated for merit and likelihood of success. Single-family residential loans comprised 92.9% of restructured loans as of December 31, 2020. The concession for these loans is typically a payment reduction through a rate reduction of 100 to 200 bps for a specific term, usually six to twenty-four months. Interest-only payments may also be approved during the modification period.

For commercial loans, six consecutive payments on newly restructured loan terms are generally required prior to returning the loan to accrual status. In some instances after the required six consecutive payments are made, a management assessment will conclude that collection of the entire principal balance is still in doubt. In those instances, the loan will remain on non-accrual. Homogeneous loans may or may not be on accrual status at the time of restructuring, but all are placed on accrual status upon the restructuring of the loan. Homogeneous loans are restructured only if the borrower can demonstrate the ability to meet the restructured payment terms; otherwise, collection is pursued and the loan remains on non-accrual status until liquidated. If the homogeneous restructured loan does not perform, it will be placed in non-accrual status when it is 90 days delinquent.

A loan that defaults and is subsequently modified would impact the Company’s delinquency trend, which is part of the qualitative risk factors component of the allowance for credit losses calculation. Any modified loan that re-defaults and is charged-off would impact the historical loss factors component of the Company's general reserve calculation.

Allowance for credit losses - The following table shows the composition of the Company’s allowance for credit losses.

	December 31, 2020				September 30, 2020				Change
Allowance for credit losses:	($ in thousands)				($ in thousands)				$		%
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	14,363	8.4	%	$	13,853	8.3	%	$	510	3.7	%
Commercial real estate	23,496		13.8		22,516		13.5		980		4.4
Commercial & industrial	44,317		26.0		38,665		23.2		5,652		14.6
Construction	26,365		15.5		24,156		14.5		2,209		9.1
Land - acquisition & development	10,666		6.3		10,733		6.4		(67)		(0.6)
Total commercial loans	119,207		70.0		109,923		65.8		9,284		8.4
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	38,613		22.7		45,186		27.1		(6,573)		(14.5)
Construction - custom	3,594		2.1		3,555		2.1		39		1.1
Land - consumer lot loans	2,958		1.7		2,729		1.6		229		8.4
HELOC	2,362		1.4		2,571		1.5		(209)		(8.1)
Consumer	3,455		2.0		2,991		1.8		464		15.5
Total consumer loans	50,982		30.0		57,032		34.2		(6,050)		(10.6)
Total allowance for loan losses	170,189		100.0	%	166,955		100.0	%	3,234		1.9
Reserve for unfunded commitments	26,500				25,000				1,500		2.2
Total allowance for credit losses	$	196,689			$	191,955			$	4,734	2.5	%

No allowance was recorded as of December 31, 2020 for the $646,887,000 of SBA Payroll Protection Program loans, which are included in commercial & industrial, due to the government guarantee. Management believes the allowance for credit losses of $196,689,000, or 1.33% of gross loans, is sufficient to absorb estimated losses inherent in the portfolio of loans and unfunded commitments. See Note E and Note I for further details of the allowance for loan losses and reserve for unfunded commitments as of and for the period ended December 31, 2020.

Real estate owned - REO decreased during the three months ended December 31, 2020 by $503,000 to $4,463,000, primarily due to sales of REO properties during the period.

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WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Intangible assets - Intangible assets decreased to $309,425,000 as of December 31, 2020 from $309,906,000 as of September 30, 2020. The decrease was due to normal amortization of finite-lived intangible assets.

Customer accounts - Customer accounts increased $386,917,000, or 2.8%, to $14,166,541,000 at December 31, 2020 compared with $13,779,624,000 at September 30, 2020.

The following table shows the composition of the Bank’s customer accounts by deposit type.

	December 31, 2020						September 30, 2020
	Deposit Account Balance		As a % of Total Deposits		Weighted Average Rate		Deposit Account Balance		As a % of Total Deposits		Weighted Average Rate
($ in thousands)
Non-interest checking	$	2,336,294	16.5	%	—	%	$	2,164,071	15.7	%	—	%
Interest checking	3,175,494		22.4		0.20		3,029,576		22.0		0.24
Savings	914,655		6.5		0.11		872,087		6.3		0.11
Money market	3,955,016		27.9		0.22		3,740,698		27.1		0.30
Time deposits	3,785,082		26.7		0.90		3,973,192		28.8		1.17
Total	$	14,166,541	100	%	0.36	%	$	13,779,624	100	%	0.48	%

FHLB advances and other borrowings - Total borrowings totaled $2,600,000,000 as of December 31, 2020, a decrease from $2,700,000,000 as of September 30, 2020. The decrease was due to the termination of a hedged FHLB borrowing that had an effective interest rate of 1.39%. The weighted average rate for FHLB borrowings was 1.82% as of December 31, 2020 and 1.79% at September 30, 2020.

Shareholders' equity - The Company’s total shareholders' equity at December 31, 2020 was $2,061,767,000, or 10.82% of total assets. This was an increase of $47,634,000 from the September 30, 2020 total of $2,014,133,000, or 10.72% of total assets. The Company’s equity was impacted in the three months ended December 31, 2020 by net income of $38,951,000, the payment of $16,577,000 in cash dividends, treasury stock purchases of $701,000, as well as other comprehensive income of $24,482,000.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Net Income - The Company recorded net income of $38,951,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2020 compared to $67,866,000 for the prior year quarter. The decrease is due to the factors described below.

Net Interest Income - For the three months ended December 31, 2020, net interest income was $120,514,000, which is $829,000 higher than the same quarter of the prior year. Net interest margin was 2.75% for the quarter ended December 31, 2020 compared to 3.15% for the quarter ended December 31, 2019. Average interest-earning assets increased $2,365,757,000 or 15.58% from the prior year while average interest-bearing liabilities increased $1,776,765,000 or 14.20%. The average rate earned on interest-earning assets declined by 97 basis points to 3.34% while the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities declined by 67 basis points to 0.76%. The compression in the net interest margin since the prior year same quarter is primarily due to the rapid drop in short-term rates by the Federal Reserve Bank in response to the COVID-19 pandemic which led to changes in the rates on earning assets and bearing liabilities noted above. Additionally, the balance of cash was relatively high at $1,830,722,000 as of December 31, 2020 and the loan portfolio at December 31, 2020 contained $634,850,000 in PPP loans, which carry a 1% note rate.

The following table sets forth certain information explaining changes in interest income and interest expense for the period indicated compared to the same period one year ago. For each category of interest-earning asset and interest-bearing liability, information is provided on changes attributable to (1) changes in volume (changes in volume multiplied by old rate) and (2) changes in rate (changes in rate multiplied by old volume). The change in interest income and interest expense attributable to changes in both volume and rate has been allocated proportionately to the change due to volume and the change due to rate.

45

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Rate / Volume Analysis:

	Comparison of Three Months Ended 12/31/20 and 12/31/19
($ in thousands)	Volume		Rate		Total
Interest income:
Loans receivable	$	10,063	$	(18,538)	$	(8,475)
Mortgage-backed securities	(4,319)		(4,063)		(8,382)
Investments (1)	7,661		(7,806)		(145)
All interest-earning assets	13,405		(30,407)		(17,002)
Interest expense:
Customer accounts	3,719		(21,090)		(17,371)
FHLB advances and other borrowings	2,194		(2,654)		(460)
All interest-bearing liabilities	5,913		(23,744)		(17,831)
Change in net interest income	$	7,492	$	(6,663)	$	829

___________________ 

(1)Includes interest on cash equivalents and dividends on FHLB & FRB stock.

Provision (Release) for Credit Losses - The Company recorded a $3,000,000 provision for credit losses for the three months ended December 31, 2020, compared with a release of allowance for credit losses of $3,750,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2019. The credit loss provision for the three months ended December 31, 2020 is primarily due to reserving for new loan originations and changes in composition of the loan portfolio. Recoveries, net of charge-offs, totaled $1,734,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2020, compared to net recoveries of $2,579,000 during the three months ended December 31, 2019. No allowance was recorded as of December 31, 2020 for the $646,887,000 of PPP loans, which are included in the commercial & industrial loan category, due to the government guarantee.

Other Income - The three months ended December 31, 2020 results include total other income of $13,870,000 compared to $46,376,000 for the same period one year ago, a $32,506,000 decrease. The decrease was primarily due to a net gain of $30,700,000 from the sale of fixed assets, including a branch property in Bellevue, Washington during the first quarter of fiscal 2020.

Other Expense - Total other expense was $81,410,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2020, a decrease of $1,226,000 from $82,636,000 for the same period one year ago. Compensation and benefits costs increased by $6,092,000, or 16.6%, over the prior year quarter due to a 4.8% rise in headcount, annual merit increases as well as higher bonus compensation that reflects increased loan production activity since the prior year. Information technology costs decreased by $5,276,000, primarily due to the prior year quarter including a $5,900,000 impairment charge on systems hardware and software. Total other expense for the three months ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 equaled 1.73% and 2.02%, respectively, of average assets.

Gain (Loss) on Real Estate Owned - Results for the three months ended December 31, 2020 include a net loss on real estate owned of $449,000, compared to a net loss of $886,000 for the prior year quarter.

Income Tax Expense - Income tax expense totaled $10,574,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2020, compared to $18,423,000 for the prior year quarter. The effective tax rate for both the three months ended December 31, 2020 and the three months ended December 31, 2019 was 21.35%. The effective tax rate for the three months ended December 31, 2020 differs from the statutory rate mainly due to state taxes, tax-exempt income and tax-credit investments.

Item 3.                Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Management believes that there have been no material changes in the Company’s quantitative and qualitative information about market risk since September 30, 2020. For a complete discussion of the Company’s quantitative and qualitative market risk, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the Company’s 2020 Form 10-K.

46

Table of Contents

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

PART I – Financial Information

Item 4.                Controls and Procedures

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Company maintains a set of disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company's management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management has evaluated, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report (the "Evaluation Date"). Based on the evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

(b) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. During the period to which this report relates, there have not been any changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, such controls.

47

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

PART II – Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, the Company and its subsidiaries are engaged in legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business, none of which are considered to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth below and in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed under "Part I--Item 1A--Risk Factors" in the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2020. These factors could materially and adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations and capital position, and could cause its actual results to differ materially from its historical results or the results contemplated by the forward-looking statements contained in this report.

Item 2.                 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following table provides information with respect to purchases made by or on behalf of the Company of the Company’s common stock during the three months ended December 31, 2020. 

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid Per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of  Publicly Announced Plan (1)	Maximum Number of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plan at the End of the Period
October 1, 2020 to October 31, 2020	32,956	$	21.29	32,956	4,594,275
November 1, 2020 to November 30, 2020	—	—		—	4,594,275
December 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020	—	—		—	4,594,275
Total	32,956	$	21.29	32,956	4,594,275

 ___________________

(1)The Company's stock repurchase program was publicly announced by its Board of Directors on February 3, 1995 and has no expiration date. Under this ongoing program, a total of 66,956,264 shares were authorized for repurchase. This does not include the 10,000,000 additional shares authorized by the Board of Directors on January 26, 2021.

Item 3.                Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable

Item 4.                Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable

Item 5.                Other Information

Not applicable

Item 6.                Exhibits

(a)	Exhibits
	31.1	Section 302 Certification by the Chief Executive Officer
	31.2	Section 302 Certification by the Chief Financial Officer
	32	Section 906 Certification by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer
	101	Financial Statements from the Company’s Form 10-Q for the three months ended December 31, 2020 formatted in iXBRL

48

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Exchange Act, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

January 28, 2021	/S/    BRENT J. BEARDALL
	BRENT J. BEARDALL President & Chief Executive Officer
January 28, 2021	/S/    VINCENT L. BEATTY
	VINCENT L. BEATTY Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
January 28, 2021	/S/    CORY D. STEWART
	CORY D. STEWART Senior Vice President and Principal Accounting Officer

49

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CERTIFICATION

I, Brent J. Beardall, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Washington Federal, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this quarterly report;

4.The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this quarterly report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:	January 28, 2021	/s/ Brent J. Beardall
		BRENT J. BEARDALL President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CERTIFICATION

I, Vincent L. Beatty, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Washington Federal, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this quarterly report;

4.The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this quarterly report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:	January 28, 2021	/s/ Vincent L. Beatty
		VINCENT L. BEATTY
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

EX-32

Exhibit 32

WASHINGTON FEDERAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CERTIFICATION

PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE

SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Washington Federal, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended December 31, 2020, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the undersigned's best knowledge and belief:

(a) the Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(b) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: January 28, 2021

Washington Federal, Inc.

(Company)

/s/ Brent J. Beardall

BRENT J. BEARDALL

President and Chief Executive Officer

/s/ Vincent L. Beatty

VINCENT L. BEATTY

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

XML

Cover Page - shares	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Jan. 26, 2021
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2020
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-34654
Entity Registrant Name	WASHINGTON FEDERAL INC
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	WA
Entity Tax Identification Number	91-1661606
Entity Address, Address Line One	425 Pike Street
Entity Address, City or Town	Seattle
Entity Address, State or Province	WA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	98101
City Area Code	206
Local Phone Number	624-7930
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $1.00 par value per share
Trading Symbol	WAFD
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		75,891,386
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2021
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Entity Central Index Key	0000936528
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--09-30

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,830,722	$ 1,702,977
Available-for-sale securities, at fair value	2,482,944	2,249,492
Held-to-maturity securities, at amortized cost	586,870	705,838
Loans receivable, net of allowance for loan losses	12,881,010	12,792,317
Interest receivable	52,671	53,799
Premises and equipment, net	256,242	252,805
Real estate owned	4,463	4,966
FHLB and FRB stock	137,991	141,990
Bank owned life insurance	229,175	227,749
Intangible assets, including goodwill of $302,707 and $302,707	309,425	309,906
Federal and state income tax assets, net	0	5,708
Other assets	292,109	346,508
Assets	19,063,622	18,794,055
Customer accounts
Transaction deposit accounts	10,381,459	9,806,432
Time deposit accounts	3,785,082	3,973,192
Total customer accounts	14,166,541	13,779,624
FHLB advances	2,600,000	2,700,000
Advance payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance	15,539	49,462
Federal and state income tax liabilities, net	8,294	0
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	211,481	250,836
Liabilities	17,001,855	16,779,922
Commitments and Contingencies
Shareholders’ equity
Common stock, $1.00 par value, $300,000,000 shares authorized; 135,937,934 and 135,727,237 shares issued; 75,867,105 and 75,689,364 shares outstanding	135,938	135,727
Additional paid-in capital	1,680,111	1,678,843
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes	41,435	16,953
Treasury stock, at cost; 60,070,829 and 60,037,873 shares	(1,238,997)	(1,238,296)
Retained earnings	1,443,280	1,420,906
Total stockholders' equity	2,061,767	2,014,133
Liabilities and equity	$ 19,063,622	$ 18,794,055

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Allowance for credit losses on loans	$ 170,189	$ 166,955
Goodwill	$ 302,707	$ 302,707
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 1.00	$ 1.00
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	300,000,000	300,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	135,937,934	135,727,237
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	75,867,105	75,689,364
Treasury stock, shares (in shares)	60,070,829	60,037,873

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
INTEREST INCOME
Loans receivable	$ 133,671	$ 142,146
Mortgage-backed securities	7,230	15,612
Investment securities and cash equivalents	6,921	7,066
Interest income	147,822	164,824
INTEREST EXPENSE
Customer accounts	14,110	31,481
FHLB advances	13,198	13,658
Interest expense	27,308	45,139
Net interest income	120,514	119,685
Provision (release) for credit losses	3,000	(3,750)
Net interest income after provision (release)	117,514	123,435
OTHER INCOME
Loan fee income	$ 2,392	$ 1,804
Revenue, Product and Service [Extensible List]	us-gaap:DepositAccountMember	us-gaap:DepositAccountMember
Deposit fee income	$ 6,026	$ 6,260
Other income	5,452	38,312
Other income, total	13,870	46,376
OTHER EXPENSE
Compensation and benefits	42,723	36,631
Occupancy	9,592	10,135
FDIC insurance premiums	3,263	2,470
Product delivery	4,937	4,267
Information technology	11,831	17,107
Other expense	9,064	12,026
Other expense, total	81,410	82,636
Gain (loss) on real estate owned, net	(449)	(886)
Income before income taxes	49,525	86,289
Income tax expense	10,574	18,423
NET INCOME	$ 38,951	$ 67,866
PER SHARE DATA
Basic earnings per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.51	$ 0.86
Diluted earnings per share (in dollars per share)	0.51	0.86
Dividends paid on common stock per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.22	$ 0.21
Basic weighted average number of shares outstanding (in shares)	75,792,995	78,480,264
Diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding (in shares)	75,798,460	78,535,299

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income	$ 38,951	$ 67,866
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax:
Net unrealized gain (loss) during the period on available-for-sale investment securities, net of tax of $(2,686) and $425	8,991	(1,724)
Other comprehensive income (loss) on available-for-sale securities, net of tax	8,991	(1,724)
Net unrealized gain (loss) during the period on borrowings cash flow hedges, net of tax of $(4,627) and $(697)	15,491	2,418
Other comprehensive income (loss) on borrowing cash flow hedges, net of tax	15,491	2,418
Other comprehensive income (loss)	24,482	694
Comprehensive income	$ 63,433	$ 68,560

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Related tax benefit (expense) for net unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale debt securities	$ (2,686)	$ 425
Related tax benefit (expense) for net unrealized gain (loss) on borrowing cash flow hedges	$ (4,627)	$ (697)

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment	Common Stock	Paid-in Capital	Retained Earnings	Retained Earnings Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Treasury Stock
Balance, beginning of period at Sep. 30, 2019	$ 2,032,995	$ (21,945)	$ 135,540	$ 1,672,417	$ 1,335,909	$ (21,945)	$ 15,292	$ (1,126,163)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	67,866				67,866
Other comprehensive income (loss)	694						694
Dividends on common stock	(16,433)				(16,433)
Proceeds from stock-based awards	50		3	47
Stock-based compensation expense	1,379		177	1,202
Treasury stock acquired	(33,479)							(33,479)
Balance, end of period at Dec. 31, 2019	2,031,127		135,720	1,673,666	1,365,397		15,986	(1,159,642)
Balance, beginning of period at Sep. 30, 2020	2,014,133		135,727	1,678,843	1,420,906		16,953	(1,238,296)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	38,951				38,951
Other comprehensive income (loss)	24,482						24,482
Dividends on common stock	(16,577)				(16,577)
Proceeds from stock-based awards	30		2	28
Stock-based compensation expense	1,449		209	1,240
Treasury stock acquired	(701)							(701)
Balance, end of period at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 2,061,767		$ 135,938	$ 1,680,111	$ 1,443,280		$ 41,435	$ (1,238,997)

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Parenthetical) - $ / shares		3 Months Ended
	Nov. 20, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Dividends paid on common stock per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.22	$ 0.22	$ 0.21

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$ 38,951	$ 67,866
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization, accretion and other, net	9,211	15,275
Stock-based compensation expense	1,449	1,379
Provision (release) for credit losses	3,000	(3,750)
Net realized (gain) loss on sales of premises, equipment, and real estate owned	15	(32,734)
Impairment loss on premises and equipment	0	5,931
Decrease (increase) in accrued interest receivable	1,128	2,132
Decrease (increase) in federal and state income tax receivable	5,708	0
Decrease (increase) in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance	(1,426)	(1,457)
Decrease (increase) in other assets	71,923	(3,793)
Increase (decrease) in federal and state income tax liabilities	981	14,654
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other liabilities	(36,761)	8,092
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	94,179	73,595
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Origination of loans and principal repayments, net	(91,857)	20,131
FHLB & FRB stock purchased	(108,001)	(77,200)
FHLB & FRB stock redeemed	112,000	77,200
Available-for-sale securities purchased	(379,760)	(82,028)
Principal payments and maturities of available-for-sale securities	157,246	69,085
Principal payments and maturities of held-to-maturity securities	116,223	81,329
Proceeds from sales of real estate owned	357	820
Net cash received (paid) in business combinations	0	(1,725)
Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment	0	53,790
Premises and equipment purchased and REO improvements	(8,388)	(4,931)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(202,180)	136,471
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net increase (decrease) in customer accounts	386,917	(58,626)
Proceeds from borrowings	2,700,007	1,930,000
Repayments of borrowings	(2,800,007)	(1,930,000)
Proceeds from stock-based awards	30	50
Dividends paid on common stock	(16,577)	(16,433)
Treasury stock purchased	(701)	(33,479)
Increase (decrease) in advances payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance	(33,923)	(36,931)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	235,746	(145,419)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	127,745	64,647
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	1,702,977	419,158
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	1,830,722	483,805
Non-cash investing activities
Real estate acquired through foreclosure	(161)	272
Non-cash financing activities
Stock issued upon exercise of warrants	0	0
Cash paid (received) during the period for
Interest	23,164	45,954
Income taxes	$ (19)	$ 0

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

3 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Company and Nature of Operations - Washington Federal Bank, National Association, a federally-insured national bank dba WaFd Bank (the “Bank” or “WaFd Bank”), was founded on April 24, 1917 in Ballard, Washington and is engaged primarily in providing lending, depository, insurance and other banking services to consumers, mid-sized to large businesses, and owners and developers of commercial real estate. Washington Federal, Inc., a Washington corporation (the “Company”), was formed as the Bank’s holding company in November, 1994. As used throughout this document, the terms “Washington Federal” or the “Company” refer to the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, and the term “Bank” refers to the operating subsidiary, Washington Federal Bank, National Association. The Company is headquartered in Seattle, Washington. The Bank conducts its activities through a network of 234 bank branches located in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Utah, Arizona, Nevada, New Mexico and Texas.

Risks and Uncertainties - The worldwide spread of coronavirus (“COVID-19”) has created significant uncertainty in the global economy. There have been no comparable recent events that provide guidance as to the effect the spread of COVID-19 as a global pandemic may have, and, as a result, the ultimate impact of COVID-19 and the extent to which COVID-19 and the related government actions impact the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and difficult to predict.

Basis of Presentation - The Company has prepared the consolidated unaudited interim financial statements included in this report. All intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation. The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the financial statements. Actual results could differ from these estimates. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation are reflected in the interim financial statements.

The information included in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes in the Company's 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on November 23, 2020 ("2020 Annual Financial Statements"). Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.

The Company early adopted ASC 326 during fiscal 2020 and based on the application of the modified retrospective method it became effective on October 1, 2019 for all financial assets measured at amortized cost (primarily loans receivable and held-to-maturity debt securities) and off-balance-sheet credit exposures. The Company recorded a decrease to retained earnings of $21,945,000 as of October 1, 2019 for the cumulative effect of adopting ASC 326.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - The significant accounting policies used in preparation of the Company's consolidated financial statements are disclosed in its 2020 Annual Financial Statements. There have not been any significant changes in the Company's significant accounting policies compared to those contained in its 2020 Annual Financial Statements for the year ended September 30, 2020.

Restricted Cash Balances - Based on the level of vault cash on hand, the Company was not required to maintain cash reserve balances with the Federal Reserve Bank as of December 31, 2020. As of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, the Company pledged cash collateral related to derivative contracts of $54,800,000 and $97,600,000, respectively.

Equity Securities - The Company records equity securities within Other assets in its Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Investments in equity securities with readily determinable fair values (marketable) are measured at fair value, with changes in the fair value recognized as a component of Other income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Investments in equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values (non-marketable) are accounted for at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar investment of the same issuer, also referred to as the measurement alternative. Any adjustments to the carrying value of these investments are recorded in Other income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Allowance for Credit Losses (Loans Receivable) - Effective October 1, 2019, the Company has applied FASB ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses ("ASC 326"), so the allowance calculation is based on current expected credit loss methodology ("CECL"). Prior to October 1, 2019, the calculation was based on incurred loss methodology. See Note E "Allowance for Losses on Loans" for details. The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) for the expected

credit losses of the loan portfolio as well as unfunded loan commitments. The amount of ACL is based on ongoing, quarterly assessments by management. The CECL methodology requires an estimate of the credit losses expected over the life of an exposure (or pool of exposures) and replaces the incurred loss methodology’s threshold that delayed the recognition of a credit loss until it was probable a loss event was incurred.

The ACL consists of the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for unfunded commitments. The estimate of expected credit losses under the CECL methodology is based on relevant information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amounts. Historical loss experience is generally the starting point for estimating expected credit losses. We then consider whether the historical loss experience should be adjusted for asset-specific risk characteristics or current conditions at the reporting date that did not exist over the period that historical experience was based for each loan type. Finally, we consider forecasts about future economic conditions or changes in collateral values that are reasonable and supportable.

Portfolio segment is defined as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic methodology to determine its ACL. The Company has designated two loan portfolio segments, commercial loans and consumer loans. These loan portfolio segments are further disaggregated into classes, which represent loans of similar type, risk characteristics, and methods for monitoring and assessing credit risk. The commercial loan portfolio segment is disaggregated into five classes: multi-family, commercial real estate, commercial and industrial, construction, and land acquisition and development. The risk of loss for the commercial loan portfolio segment is generally most indicated by the credit risk rating assigned to each borrower. Commercial loan risk ratings are determined by experienced senior credit officers based on specific facts and circumstances and are subject to periodic review by an independent internal team of credit specialists. The consumer loan portfolio segment is disaggregated into five classes: single-family-residential mortgage, custom construction, consumer lot loans, home equity lines of credit, and other consumer. The risk of loss for the consumer loan portfolio segment is generally most indicated by delinquency status and general economic factors. Each commercial and consumer loan portfolio class may also be further segmented based on risk characteristics.

For most of our loan portfolio classes, the historical loss experience is determined using a cohort methodology. This method pools loans into groups (“cohorts”) sharing similar risk characteristics and tracks each cohort’s net charge-offs over the lives of the loans to calculate a historical loss rate. The historical loss rates for each cohort are then averaged to calculate an overall historical loss rate which is applied to the current loan balance to arrive at the quantitative baseline portion of the allowance for credit losses for the respective loan portfolio class. For certain loan portfolio classes, the Company determined there was not sufficient historical loss information to calculate a meaningful historical loss rate using the cohort methodology. For any such loan portfolio class, the weighted-average remaining maturity (“WARM”) methodology is being utilized until sufficient historical loss data is obtained. The WARM method multiplies an average annual loss rate by the expected remaining life of the loan pool to arrive at the quantitative baseline portion of the allowance for credit losses for the respective loan portfolio class.

The Company also considers qualitative adjustments to the historical loss rate for each loan portfolio class. The qualitative adjustments for each loan class consider the conditions over the period from which historical loss experience was based and are split into two components: 1) asset or class specific risk characteristics or current conditions at the reporting date related to portfolio credit quality, remaining payments, volume and nature, credit culture and management, business environment or other management factors and 2) reasonable and supportable forecast of future economic conditions and collateral values.

The Company performs a quarterly asset quality review which includes a review of forecasted gross charge-offs and recoveries, nonperforming assets, criticized loans, risk rating migration, delinquencies, etc. The asset quality review is performed by management and the results are used to consider a qualitative overlay to the quantitative baseline. The second qualitative adjustment noted above, economic conditions and collateral values, encompasses a one-year reasonable and supportable forecast period. The overlay adjustment for the reasonable and supportable forecast assumes an immediate reversion after the one-year forecast period to historical loss rates for the remaining life of the respective loan pool.

When management deems it to be appropriate, the Company establishes a specific reserve for individually evaluated loans that do not share similar risk characteristics with the loans included in each respective loan pool. These individually evaluated loans are removed from their respective pools and typically represent collateral dependent loans but may also include other non-performing loans or troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”). In addition, the Company individually evaluates “reasonably expected” TDRs, which are identified by the Company as a loan expected to be classified as a TDR within the next six months. Management judgment is utilized to make this determination.

Allowance for Credit Losses (Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities) - For held-to-maturity (“HTM”) debt securities, the Company is required to utilize a CECL methodology to estimate expected credit losses. Substantially all of the Company’s HTM debt securities are issued by U.S. government agencies or U.S. government-sponsored enterprises. These securities carry the explicit and/or implicit guarantee of the U.S. government and have a long history of zero credit loss. See Note F "Fair Value Measurements" for more information about HTM debt securities.

Allowance for Credit Losses (Available-for-Sale Debt Securities) - The impairment model for available-for-sale (“AFS”) debt securities differs from the CECL methodology applied for HTM debt securities because AFS debt securities are measured at fair value rather than amortized cost. Although ASC 326 replaced the legacy other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) model with a credit loss model, it retained the fundamental nature of the legacy OTTI model. For AFS debt securities in an unrealized loss position, the Company first assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell, the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either criteria is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income. For AFS debt securities where neither of the criteria are met, the Company evaluates whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, management considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the credit rating of the security by a rating agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded for the credit loss, limited to the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Any remaining discount that has not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income. Under the new guidance, an entity may no longer consider the length of time fair value has been less than amortized cost. Changes in the allowance for credit losses are recorded as a provision (or release) for credit losses. Losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of an AFS security is confirmed or when either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met. See Note F "Fair Value Measurements" for more information about AFS debt securities.

Accrued Interest Receivable - Upon adoption of ASC 326, the Company made the following elections regarding accrued interest receivable:

•Presenting accrued interest receivable balances separately from their underlying instruments within the consolidated statements of financial condition.

•Excluding accrued interest receivable that is included in the amortized cost of financing receivables from related disclosure requirements.

•Continuing our policy to write off accrued interest receivable by reversing interest income in cases where the Company does not reasonably expect to receive payment.

•Not measuring an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivable due to the Company’s policy of writing off uncollectible accrued interest receivable balances in a timely manner, as described above.

Non-Accrual Loans - Loans are placed on non-accrual status when, in the judgment of management, the probability of collection of interest is deemed to be insufficient to warrant further accrual. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, previously accrued but unpaid interest is deducted from interest income. The Bank does not accrue interest on loans 90 days or more past due. If payment is made on a loan so that the loan becomes less than 90 days past due, and the Bank expects full collection of principal and interest, the loan is returned to full accrual status. Any interest ultimately collected is credited to income in the period of recovery. A loan is charged-off when the loss is estimable and it is confirmed that the borrower is not expected to be able to meet contractual obligations.

If a consumer loan is on non-accrual status before becoming a TDR it will stay on non-accrual status following restructuring until it has been performing for at least six months, at which point it may be moved to accrual status. If a loan is on accrual status before it becomes a TDR, and management concludes that full repayment is probable based on internal evaluation, it will remain on accrual status following restructuring. If the restructured consumer loan does not perform, it is placed on non-accrual status when it is 90 days delinquent. For commercial loans, six consecutive payments on newly restructured loan terms are required prior to returning the loan to accrual status. In some instances, after the required six consecutive payments are made, management will conclude that collection of the entire principal and interest due is still in doubt. In those instances, the loan will remain on non-accrual status.

Collateral-Dependent Loans - A financial asset is considered collateral-dependent when the debtor is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the sale or operation of the collateral. For all classes of loans and leases deemed collateral-dependent, the Company elected the practical expedient to estimate expected credit losses based on the collateral’s fair value less cost to sell. In most cases, the Company records a partial charge-off to reduce the loan’s carrying value to the collateral’s fair value less cost to sell. Substantially all of the collateral consists of various types of real estate including residential properties; commercial properties such as retail centers, office buildings, and lodging; agriculture land; and vacant land.

Off-balance-sheet credit exposures - The only material off-balance-sheet credit exposures are unfunded loan commitments, which had a combined balance of $3,011,286,000 and $2,738,095,000 at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively. The reserve for unfunded commitments is recognized as a liability (other liabilities in the consolidated statements of financial condition), with adjustments to the reserve recognized through provision for credit losses in the consolidated statements of income. The reserve for unfunded commitments represents the expected lifetime credit losses on off-balance sheet obligations such as commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. However, a liability is not recognized for commitments that are unconditionally cancellable by the Company. The reserve for unfunded commitments is determined by estimating future draws, including the effects of risk mitigation actions, and applying the expected loss rates on those draws. Loss rates are estimated by utilizing the same loss rates calculated for the allowance for credit losses related to the respective loan portfolio class.

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New Accounting Pronouncements

3 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract]

New Accounting Pronouncements

New Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848). The amendments in this ASU provide temporary, optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform. The ASU provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The ASU primarily includes relief related to contract modifications and hedging relationships, as well as providing a one-time election for the sale or transfer of debt securities classified as held-to-maturity. This guidance is effective immediately and the amendments may be applied prospectively through December 31, 2022. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the amendments and determining the impact to its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract. The amendments in this ASU align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The amendments also require the entity to expense the capitalized implementation costs of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract over the term of the hosting arrangement, including reasonably certain renewal periods. The amendments in the ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this ASU beginning October 1, 2020 and it did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

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Dividends and Share Repurchases	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]
Dividends and Share Repurchases	Dividends and Share RepurchasesOn November 20, 2020, the Company paid a regular dividend on common stock of $0.22 per share, which represented the 151st consecutive quarterly cash dividend. Dividends per share were $0.22 and $0.21 for the quarters ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. On January 26, 2021, the Company declared a regular dividend on common stock of $0.23 per share, which represents its 152nd consecutive quarterly cash dividend. This dividend will be paid on February 19, 2021 to common shareholders of record on February 5, 2021. For the three months ended December 31, 2020, the Company repurchased 32,956 shares at an average price of $21.29. As of December 31, 2020, there are 4,594,275 remaining shares authorized to be repurchased under the current Board approved share repurchase program.

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Loans Receivable

3 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Receivables [Abstract]

Loans Receivable

Loans Receivable

For a detailed discussion of loans and credit quality, including accounting policies and the CECL methodology used to estimate the allowance for credit losses, see Note A "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" above.

The Company's loans held for investment are divided into two portfolio segments, commercial loans and consumer loans, with each of those segments further split into loan classes for purposes of estimating the allowance for credit losses.

The following table is a summary of loans receivable by loan portfolio segment and class.

	December 31, 2020				September 30, 2020
	(In thousands)				(In thousands)
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,610,796	10.9	%	$	1,538,762	10.6	%
Commercial real estate	1,954,154		13.2		1,895,086		13.1
Commercial & industrial (1)	2,256,627		15.3		2,132,160		14.7
Construction	2,687,708		18.2		2,403,276		16.6
Land - acquisition & development	193,239		1.3		193,745		1.3
Total commercial loans	8,702,524		58.9		8,163,029		56.3
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,063,053		34.2		5,304,689		36.7
Construction - custom	659,364		4.5		674,879		4.7
Land - consumer lot loans	110,841		0.7		102,263		0.7
HELOC	139,752		0.9		139,703		1.0
Consumer	111,292		0.8		83,159		0.6
Total consumer loans	6,084,302		41.1		6,304,693		43.7
Total gross loans	14,786,826		100	%	14,467,722		100	%
Less:
Allowance for credit losses on loans	170,189				166,955
Loans in process	1,679,972				1,456,072
Net deferred fees, costs and discounts	55,655				52,378
Total loan contra accounts	1,905,816				1,675,405
Net loans	$	12,881,010			$	12,792,317

(1) Includes $646,887,000 and $762,004,000 of SBA Payroll Protection Program loans as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively.

The Company elected to exclude accrued interest receivable ("AIR") from the amortized cost basis of loans for disclosure purposes and from the calculations of estimated credit losses. As of December 31, 2020, and September 30, 2020, AIR for loans totaled $47,168,000 and $48,704,000, respectively, and is included in the “accrued interest receivable” line item on the Company’s consolidated statements of financial condition.

Loans in the amount of $5,153,478,000 and $5,361,504,000 at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively, were pledged to secure borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") as part of our liquidity management strategy. The FHLB does not have the right to sell or re-pledge these loans.

The following table sets forth the amortized cost basis of non accrual loans and loans 90 days or more past due and accruing.

	December 31, 2020							September 30, 2020
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
	Non-accrual			Non-accrual with no ACL		90 days or more past due and accruing		Non-accrual			Non-accrual with no ACL		90 days or more past due and accruing
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	—		$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—
Commercial real estate	31,397			—		—		3,771			—		—
Commercial & industrial	594			—		280		329			—		—
Construction	1,237			—		—		1,669			—		—
Land - acquisition & development	—			—		—		—			—		—
Total commercial loans	33,228			—		280		5,769			—		—
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	24,349			0		3,908		22,431			—		933
Construction - custom	—			0		—		—			—		—
Land - consumer lot loans	443			0		168		243			—		—
HELOC	334			0		—		553			—		—
Consumer	52			0		6		60			—		17
Total consumer loans	25,178			—		4,082		23,287			—		950
Total non-accrual loans	$	58,406		$	—	$	4,362	$	29,056		$	—	$	950
% of total loans	0.45		%					0.22		%

The Company recognized interest income on non-accrual loans of approximately $3,489,000 in the three months ended December 31, 2020. Had these loans been on accrual status and performed according to their original contract terms, the Company would have recognized interest income of approximately $402,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2020. Recognized interest income for the three months ended December 31, 2020 was higher than what otherwise would have been recognized in the period due to the collection of past due amounts. Interest cash flows collected on non-accrual loans vary from period to period as those loans are brought current or are paid off.

The following tables provide details regarding loan delinquencies by loan portfolio and class.

December 31, 2020			Days Delinquent Based on $ Amount of Loans										% based on $
Type of Loan	Loans Receivable (Amortized Cost)		Current		30		60		90		Total Delinquent
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Commercial Loans
Multi-family	$	1,609,800	$	1,609,325	$	475	$	—	$	—	$	475	0.03	%
Commercial real estate	1,942,854		1,914,254		85		3,958		24,557		28,600		1.47
Commercial & industrial	2,243,465		2,242,422		216		—		827		1,043		0.05
Construction	1,393,107		1,389,404		2,550		—		1,153		3,703		0.27
Land - acquisition & development	152,621		152,369		252		—		—		252		0.17
Total commercial loans	7,341,847		7,307,774		3,578		3,958		26,537		34,073		0.46
Consumer Loans
Single-family residential	5,048,435		5,016,530		7,477		5,872		18,556		31,905		0.63
Construction - custom	299,351		299,351		—		—		—		—		—
Land - consumer lot loans	109,845		109,248		95		168		334		597		0.54
HELOC	140,272		138,933		916		116		307		1,339		0.95
Consumer	111,449		111,201		67		27		154		248		0.22
Total consumer loans	5,709,352		5,675,263		8,555		6,183		19,351		34,089		0.60
Total Loans	$	13,051,199	$	12,983,037	$	12,133	$	10,141	$	45,888	$	68,162	0.52	%
Delinquency %			99.48%		0.09%		0.08%		0.35%		0.52%

September 30, 2020			Days Delinquent Based on $ Amount of Loans										% based on $
Type of Loan	Loans Receivable (Amortized Cost)		Current		30		60		90		Total Delinquent
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Commercial Loans
Multi-family	$	1,538,240	$	1,538,240	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	—	%
Commercial real estate	1,884,688		1,884,210		—		195		283		478		0.03
Commercial & industrial	2,115,513		2,114,650		—		583		280		863		0.04
Construction	1,352,414		1,350,752		—		—		1,662		1,662		0.12
Land - acquisition & development	153,571		153,571		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial loans	7,044,426		7,041,423		—		778		2,225		3,003		0.04
Consumer Loans
Single-family residential	5,293,962		5,267,608		3,922		3,108		19,324		26,354		0.50
Construction - custom	295,953		295,953		—		—		—		—		—
Land - consumer lot loans	101,394		101,029		152		—		213		365		0.36
HELOC	140,222		139,491		275		76		380		731		0.52
Consumer	83,315		82,959		121		11		224		356		0.43
Total consumer loans	5,914,846		5,887,040		4,470		3,195		20,141		27,806		0.47
Total Loans	$	12,959,272	$	12,928,463	$	4,470	$	3,973	$	22,366	$	30,809	0.24	%
Delinquency %			99.76%		0.03%		0.03%		0.17%		0.24%

The Company participated in the Small Business Administration’s Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP"). This program came about through the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) passed by Congress to help small businesses keep their employees employed through the COVID-19 shelter in place orders. In 2020, the Company assisted over 6,500 businesses with more than $780,000,000 in PPP loans.

The Company is actively working with its borrowers to modify consumer mortgage and commercial loans to provide payment deferrals as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The terms of the payment deferrals are generally 90 days for consumer mortgage loans and up to 180 days for commercial loans and borrowers may be eligible for multiple deferrals. Pursuant to the CARES Act, these loan modifications are not accounted for as TDRs. As of December 31, 2020, 183 mortgage loans totaling $46,000,000 and 10 commercial loans totaling $32,000,000 that had been modified remain in deferral. These loans are not considered past due until after the deferral period is over and scheduled payments have resumed.

Most TDRs are accruing and performing loans where the borrower has proactively approached the Company about modification due to temporary financial difficulties. Each request for modification is individually evaluated for merit and likelihood of success. The concession granted in a loan modification is typically a payment reduction through a rate reduction of between 100 to 200 basis points for a specific term, usually six to twenty four months. Interest-only payments may also be approved during the modification period. Principal forgiveness is not an available option for restructured loans. As of December 31, 2020, 97.9% of the Company's $86,314,000 in TDRs were classified as performing. As of December 31, 2020, single-family residential loans comprised 92.9% of TDRs. The Company's ACL methodology takes into account the following performance indicators for restructured loans: 1) time since modification, 2) current payment status and 3) geographic area.

We evaluate the credit quality of our loans based on regulatory risk ratings and also consider other factors. Based on this evaluation, the loans are assigned a grade and classified as follows:

•Pass – the credit does not meet one of the definitions below.

•Special mention – A special mention credit is considered to be currently protected from loss but is potentially weak. No loss of principal or interest is foreseen; however, proper supervision and management attention is required to deter further deterioration in the credit. Assets in this category constitute some undue and unwarranted credit risk but not to the point of justifying a risk rating of substandard. The credit risk may be relatively minor yet constitutes an unwarranted risk in light of the circumstances surrounding a specific asset.

•Substandard – A substandard credit is an unacceptable credit. Additionally, repayment in the normal course is in jeopardy due to the existence of one or more well defined weaknesses. In these situations, loss of principal is likely if the weakness is not corrected. A substandard asset is inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified will have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the collection or liquidation of the debt. Loss potential, while existing in the aggregate amount of substandard assets, does not have to exist in individual assets risk rated substandard.

•Doubtful – A credit classified doubtful has all the weaknesses inherent in one classified substandard with the added characteristic that the weakness makes collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. The probability of loss is high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific pending factors that may work to the advantage and strengthening of the asset, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Pending factors include proposed merger, acquisition, or liquidation procedures, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral, and refinancing plans.

•Loss – Credits classified loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as a bankable asset is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this asset even though partial recovery may be affected in the future. Losses should be taken in the period in which they are identified as uncollectible. Partial charge-off versus full charge-off may be taken if the collateral offers some identifiable protection.

The following tables present by primary credit quality indicator, loan class, and year of origination, the amortized cost basis of loans receivable as of December 31, 2020.

	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	YTD 2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior to 2017		Revolving Loans		Revolving to Term Loans		Total Loans
Commercial loans
Multi-family
Pass	$	120,709	$	384,701	$	114,454	$	276,390	$	232,338	$	392,183	$	8,195	$	—	$	1,528,970
Special Mention	—		2,418		2,816		4,054		5,092		4,464		—		—		18,844
Substandard	—		—		7,544		3,974		3,769		46,699		—		—		61,986
Total	$	120,709	$	387,119	$	124,814	$	284,418	$	241,199	$	443,346	$	8,195	$	—	$	1,609,800
Commercial real estate
Pass	$	158,763	$	424,621	$	219,629	$	243,656	$	233,589	$	443,025	$	2,217	$	—	$	1,725,500
Special Mention	—		197		9,496		414		1,725		26,103		—		—		37,935
Substandard	—		9,067		29,699		22,688		47,315		70,650		—		—		179,419
Total	$	158,763	$	433,885	$	258,824	$	266,758	$	282,629	$	539,778	$	2,217	$	—	$	1,942,854
Commercial & industrial
Pass	$	157,872	$	801,134	$	60,562	$	83,496	$	75,301	$	165,692	$	616,063	$	12,097	$	1,972,217
Special Mention	—		8,931		6,937		1,163		4,286		—		5,111		—		26,428
Substandard	12,751		45,891		7,296		6,310		104		49,331		123,137		—		244,820
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	170,623	$	855,956	$	74,795	$	90,969	$	79,691	$	215,023	$	744,311	$	12,097	$	2,243,465
Construction
Pass	$	119,251	$	407,194	$	446,042	$	190,227	$	42,695	$	16	$	77,463	$	—	$	1,282,888
Special Mention	—		—		—		32,992		—		—		—		—		32,992
Substandard	—		3,256		36,940		—		37,031		—		—		—		77,227
Total	$	119,251	$	410,450	$	482,982	$	223,219	$	79,726	$	16	$	77,463	$	—	$	1,393,107
Land - acquisition & development
Pass	$	10,965	$	43,159	$	34,967	$	19,309	$	17,706	$	4,513	$	5,307	$	—	$	135,926
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		15,573		—		—		15,573
Substandard	—		—		1,122		—		—		—		—		—		1,122
Total	$	10,965	$	43,159	$	36,089	$	19,309	$	17,706	$	20,086	$	5,307	$	—	$	152,621
Total commercial loans
Pass	$	567,560	$	2,060,809	$	875,654	$	813,078	$	601,629	$	1,005,429	$	709,245	$	12,097	$	6,645,501
Special Mention	—		11,546		19,249		38,623		11,103		46,140		5,111		—		131,772
Substandard	12,751		58,214		82,601		32,972		88,219		166,680		123,137		—		564,574
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	580,311	$	2,130,569	$	977,504	$	884,673	$	700,951	$	1,218,249	$	837,493	$	12,097	$	7,341,847

	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	YTD 2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior to 2017		Revolving Loans		Revolving to Term Loans		Total Loans
Consumer loans
Single-family residential
Current	$	250,276	$	824,978	$	578,704	$	525,644	$	607,513	$	2,229,415	$	—	$	—	$	5,016,530
30 days past due	—		—		356		60		1,523		5,538		—		—		7,477
60 days past due	—		473		—		—		357		5,042		—		—		5,872
90+ days past due	—		—		680		—		439		17,437		—		—		18,556
Total	$	250,276	$	825,451	$	579,740	$	525,704	$	609,832	$	2,257,432	$	—	$	—	$	5,048,435
Construction - custom
Current	$	11,469	$	250,459	$	35,802	$	1,621	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	299,351
Total	$	11,469	$	250,459	$	35,802	$	1,621	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	299,351
Land - consumer lot loans
Current	$	20,268	$	38,986	$	16,288	$	5,991	$	6,994	$	20,721	$	—	$	—	$	109,248
30 days past due	—		—		72		—		—		23		—		—		95
60 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		168		—		—		168
90+ days past due	—		—		—		152		122		60		—		—		334
Total	$	20,268	$	38,986	$	16,360	$	6,143	$	7,116	$	20,972	$	—	$	—	$	109,845
HELOC
Current	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	6,750	$	131,482	$	701	$	138,933
30 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		167		749		—		916
60 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		5		111		—		116
90+ days past due	—		—		—		—		—		30		277		—		307
Total	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	6,952	$	132,619	$	701	$	140,272
Consumer
Current	$	11,231	$	8,421	$	1,237	$	51,616	$	180	$	16,175	$	22,341	$	—	$	111,201
30 days past due	—		—		9		—		47		11		—		—		67
60 days past due	—		—		6		—		14		7		—		—		27
90+ days past due	—		—		36		—		112		6		—		—		154
Total	$	11,231	$	8,421	$	1,288	$	51,616	$	353	$	16,199	$	22,341	$	—	$	111,449
Total consumer loans
Current	$	293,244	$	1,122,844	$	632,031	$	584,872	$	614,687	$	2,273,061	$	153,823	$	701	$	5,675,263
30 days past due	—		—		437		60		1,570		5,739		749		—		8,555
60 days past due	—		473		6		—		371		5,222		111		—		6,183
90+ days past due	—		—		716		152		673		17,533		277		—		19,351
Total	$	293,244	$	1,123,317	$	633,190	$	585,084	$	617,301	$	2,301,555	$	154,960	$	701	$	5,709,352

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Allowance for Losses on Loans

3 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Receivables [Abstract]

Allowance for Losses on Loans

Allowance for Losses on Loans

For a detailed discussion of loans and credit quality, including accounting policies and the CECL methodology used to estimate the allowance for credit losses, see Note A "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies."

The following tables summarize the activity in the allowance for loan losses by loan portfolio segment and class. 

Three Months Ended December 31, 2020	Beginning Allowance		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision & Transfers		Ending Allowance
	(In thousands)
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	13,853	$	—	$	—	$	510	$	14,363
Commercial real estate	22,516		—		789		191		23,496
Commercial & industrial	38,665		(2)		50		5,604		44,317
Construction	24,156		—		—		2,209		26,365
Land - acquisition & development	10,733		—		35		(102)		10,666
Total commercial loans	109,923		(2)		874		8,412		119,207
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	45,186		—		779		(7,352)		38,613
Construction - custom	3,555		—		—		39		3,594
Land - consumer lot loans	2,729		—		7		222		2,958
HELOC	2,571		—		—		(209)		2,362
Consumer	2,991		(150)		226		388		3,455
Total consumer loans	57,032		(150)		1,012		(6,912)		50,982
Total loans	$	166,955	$	(152)	$	1,886	$	1,500	$	170,189

Three Months Ended December 31, 2019	Beginning Allowance		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision & Transfers		Ending Allowance
	(In thousands)
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	10,404	$	—	$	498	$	(396)	$	10,506
Commercial real estate	13,024		(98)		368		(227)		13,067
Commercial & industrial	32,235		(50)		144		1,347		33,676
Construction	22,768		—		54		(903)		21,919
Land - acquisition & development	10,904		(11)		1,460		(1,940)		10,413
Total commercial loans	89,335		(159)		2,524		(2,119)		89,581
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	47,771		(15)		261		(1,661)		46,356
Construction - custom	2,880		—		—		50		2,930
Land - consumer lot loans	2,635		(70)		10		(8)		2,567
HELOC	2,048		—		93		(107)		2,034
Consumer	4,615		(374)		309		(505)		4,045
Total consumer loans	59,949		(459)		673		(2,231)		57,932
Total loans	$	149,284	$	(618)	$	3,197	$	(4,350)	$	147,513

The Company recorded a $3,000,000 provision for credit losses for the three months ended December 31, 2020, compared with a release of allowance for credit losses of $3,750,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2019. The credit loss provision for the three months ended December 31, 2020 is primarily due to reserving for new loan originations and changes in composition of the loan portfolio. Recoveries, net of charge-offs, totaled $1,734,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2020, compared to net recoveries of $2,579,000 during the three months ended December 31, 2019. No allowance was recorded as of December 31, 2020 or as of September 30, 2020 for the $646,887,000 and $762,004,000 of gross PPP loans in the portfolio on each date, respectively, which are included in the commercial & industrial loan category, due to the government guarantee.

Non-performing assets were $66,542,000, or 0.35% of total assets, at December 31, 2020, compared to $37,695,000, or 0.20% of total assets, at September 30, 2020. Non-accrual loans were $58,406,000 at December 31, 2020, compared to $29,056,000 at September 30, 2020. Delinquencies, as a percent of total loans, were 0.52% at December 31, 2020, compared to 0.24% at September 30, 2020.

The Company has an asset quality review function that analyzes its loan portfolio and reports the results of the review to its Board of Directors on a quarterly basis. The single-family residential, HELOC and consumer portfolios are evaluated based on their performance as a pool of loans, since no single loan is individually significant or judged by its risk rating, size or potential risk of loss. The construction, land, multi-family, commercial real estate and commercial and industrial loans are risk rated on a loan by loan basis to determine the relative risk inherent in specific borrowers or loans. Based on that risk rating, the loans are assigned a grade and classified as described in Note D "Loans Receivable."

The following tables provide the amortized cost of loans receivable based on risk rating categories as previously defined.

December 31, 2020	Internally Assigned Grade
	Pass			Special mention			Substandard			Doubtful			Loss			Total
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Loan type
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,528,970		$	18,844		$	61,986		$	—		$	—		$	1,609,800
Commercial real estate	1,725,500			37,935			179,419			—			—			1,942,854
Commercial & industrial	1,972,217			26,428			244,820			—			—			2,243,465
Construction	1,282,888			32,992			77,227			—			—			1,393,107
Land - acquisition & development	135,926			15,573			1,122			—			—			152,621
Total commercial loans	6,645,501			131,772			564,574			—			—			7,341,847
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,018,759			191			29,485			—			—			5,048,435
Construction - custom	299,351			—			—			—			—			299,351
Land - consumer lot loans	109,234			—			611			—			—			109,845
HELOC	139,215			—			1,057			—			—			140,272
Consumer	111,442			—			7			—			—			111,449
Total consumer loans	5,678,001			191			31,160			—			—			5,709,352
Total	$	12,323,502		$	131,963		$	595,734		$	—		$	—		$	13,051,199
Total grade as a % of total loans	94.42		%	1.01		%	4.56		%	—		%	—		%

September 30, 2020	Internally Assigned Grade
	Pass			Special mention			Substandard			Doubtful			Loss			Total Gross Loans
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Loan type
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,506,692		$	13,721		$	17,827		$	—		$	—		$	1,538,240
Commercial real estate	1,681,230			92,184			111,274			—			—			1,884,688
Commercial & industrial	1,898,709			64,695			152,109			—			—			2,115,513
Construction	1,187,786			61,178			103,450			—			—			1,352,414
Land - acquisition & development	137,998			15,573			—			—			—			153,571
Total commercial loans	6,412,415			247,351			384,660			—			—			7,044,426
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,270,666			192			23,104			—			—			5,293,962
Construction - custom	295,953			—			—			—			—			295,953
Land - consumer lot loans	101,151			—			243			—			—			101,394
HELOC	139,646			—			576			—			—			140,222
Consumer	83,304			—			11			—			—			83,315
Total consumer loans	5,890,720			192			23,934			—			—			5,914,846
Total loans	$	12,303,135		$	247,543		$	408,594		$	—		$	—		$	12,959,272
Total grade as a % of total gross loans	94.94		%	1.91		%	3.15		%	—		%	—		%

The following tables provide information on amortized cost of loans receivable based on borrower payment activity.

December 31, 2020	Performing Loans				Non-Performing Loans
	Amount		% of Total Loans		Amount		% of Total Loans
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,609,800	100.0	%	$	—	—	%
Commercial real estate	1,911,457		98.4		31,397		1.6
Commercial & industrial	2,242,871		100.0		594		—
Construction	1,391,870		99.9		1,237		0.1
Land - acquisition & development	152,621		100.0		—		—
Total commercial loans	7,308,619		99.5		33,228		0.5
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,024,086		99.5		24,349		0.5
Construction - custom	299,351		100.0		—		—
Land - consumer lot loans	109,402		99.6		443		0.4
HELOC	139,938		99.8		334		0.2
Consumer	111,397		100.0		52		0.0
Total consumer loans	5,684,174		99.6		25,178		0.4
Total loans	$	12,992,793	99.6	%	$	58,406	0.4	%

September 30, 2020	Performing Loans				Non-Performing Loans
	Amount		% of Total Loans		Amount		% of Total Loans
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,538,240	100.0	%	$	—	—	%
Commercial real estate	1,880,917		99.8		3,771		0.2
Commercial & industrial	2,115,184		100.0		329		—
Construction	1,350,745		99.9		1,669		0.1
Land - acquisition & development	153,571		100.0		—		—
Total commercial loans	7,038,657		99.9		5,769		0.1
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,271,531		99.6		22,431		0.4
Construction - custom	295,953		100.0		—		—
Land - consumer lot loans	101,151		99.8		243		0.2
HELOC	139,669		99.6		553		0.4
Consumer	83,255		99.9		60		0.1
Total consumer loans	5,891,559		99.6		23,287		0.4
Total loans	$	12,930,216	99.8	%	$	29,056	0.2	%

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Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

FASB ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement ("ASC 820") defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active exchange markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active and other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

The Company has established and documented the process for determining the fair values of its assets and liabilities, where applicable. Fair value is based on quoted market prices, when available, for identical or similar assets or liabilities. In the absence of quoted market prices, fair value is determined using valuation models or third-party appraisals. The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used to measure and report the fair value of financial assets and liabilities on a recurring or nonrecurring basis.

Measured on a Recurring Basis

Available-for-Sale Securities and Derivative Contracts

Securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair value of debt securities are priced using model pricing based on the securities' relationship to other benchmark quoted prices as provided by an independent third party, and under GAAP are considered a Level 2 input method. Securities that are traded on active exchanges are measured using the closing price in an active market and are considered a Level 1 input method.

The Company offers interest rate swaps to its variable rate borrowers who want to manage their interest rate risk. At the same time, the Company enters into the opposite trade with a counter party to offset its interest rate risk. The Company has also entered into commercial loan hedges, mortgage pool hedges and borrowings hedges using interest rate swaps. The fair value of these interest rate swaps are estimated by a third party pricing service using a discounted cash flow technique. These are considered a Level 2 input method.

The following tables present the balance and level in the fair value hierarchy of assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

	December 31, 2020
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In thousands)
Financial Assets
Available-for-sale securities:
U.S. government and agency securities	$	—	$	78,281	$	—	$	78,281
Asset-backed securities	—		1,210,356		—		1,210,356
Municipal bonds	—		38,703		—		38,703
Corporate debt securities	—		287,393		—		287,393
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	—		868,211		—		868,211
Total available-for-sale securities	—		2,482,944		—		2,482,944
Client swap program hedges	—		35,825		—		35,825
Borrowings cash flow hedges	—		2,743		—		2,743
Total financial assets	$	—	$	2,521,512	$	—	$	2,521,512
Financial Liabilities
Client swap program hedges	$	—	$	35,825	$	—	$	35,825
Commercial loan fair value hedges	—		7,508		—		7,508
Mortgage loan fair value hedges	—		12,459		—		12,459
Total financial liabilities	$	—	$	55,792	$	—	$	55,792

	September 30, 2020
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In thousands)
Financial Assets
Available-for-sale securities:
U.S. government and agency securities	$	—	$	18,824	$	—	$	18,824
Asset-backed securities	—		936,917				936,917
Municipal bonds	—		38,315		—		38,315
Corporate debt securities	—		287,184		—		287,184
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	—		968,252		—		968,252
Total available-for-sale securities	—		2,249,492		—		2,249,492
Client swap program hedges	—		48,201		—		48,201
Total financial assets	$	—	$	2,297,693	$	—	$	2,297,693
Financial Liabilities
Client swap program hedges	$	—	$	48,201	$	—	$	48,201
Commercial loan fair value hedges	—		8,492		—		8,492
Mortgage loan fair value hedges			16,061				16,061
Borrowings cash flow hedges	—		17,375		—		17,375
Total financial liabilities	$	—	$	90,129	$	—	$	90,129

Measured on a Nonrecurring Basis

Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis after initial recognition such as collateral dependent loans and real estate owned ("REO"). REO consists principally of properties acquired through foreclosure. From time to time, and on a nonrecurring basis, adjustments using fair value measurements are recorded to reflect increases or decreases based on the discounted cash flows, the current appraisal or estimated value of the collateral or REO property.

When management determines that the fair value of the collateral or the REO requires additional adjustments, either as a result of an updated appraised value or when there is no observable market price, the Company classifies the collateral dependent loan or real estate owned as Level 3. Level 3 assets recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2020 included loans for which an allowance was established or a partial charge-off was recorded based on the fair value of collateral, as well as real estate owned where the fair value of the property was less than the cost basis.

The following tables present the aggregated balance of assets that were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, and the total gains (losses) resulting from those fair value adjustments during the respective periods. The estimated fair value measurements are shown gross of estimated selling costs.

	December 31, 2020								Three Months Ended December 31, 2020
	Level 1		Level  2		Level  3		Total		Total Gains (Losses)
	(In thousands)								(In thousands)
Loans (1)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(44)
Real estate owned (2)	—		—		447		447		(47)
Balance at end of period	$	—	$	—	$	447	$	447	$	(91)

(1)The gains (losses) represent re-measurements of collateral-dependent loans.

(2)The gains (losses) represent aggregate write-downs and charge-offs on real estate owned.

	December 31, 2019								Three Months Ended December 31, 2019
	Level 1		Level  2		Level  3		Total		Total Gains (Losses)
	(In thousands)								(In thousands)
Loans (1)	$	—	$	—	$	70	$	70	$	(299)
Real estate owned (2)	—		—		976		976		(2)
Balance at end of period	$	—	$	—	$	1,046	$	1,046	$	(301)

(1)The gains (losses) represent re-measurements of collateral-dependent loans.

(2)The gains (losses) represent aggregate write-downs and charge-offs on real estate owned.

At December 31, 2020, there were $528,000 in foreclosed residential real estate properties held as REO. The recorded investment of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process was $2,214,000.

Fair Values of Financial Instruments

FASB ASC 825, Financial Instruments ("ASC 825") requires disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized on the statement of financial condition, for which it is practicable to estimate those values. Certain financial instruments and all non-financial instruments are excluded from the disclosure requirements. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value estimates presented do not reflect the underlying fair value of the Company. Although management is not aware of any factors that would materially affect the estimated fair value amounts presented below, such amounts have not been comprehensively revalued for purposes of these financial statements since the dates shown, and therefore, estimates of fair value subsequent to those dates may differ significantly from the amounts presented below. 

		December 31, 2020				September 30, 2020
	Level in Fair Value Hierarchy	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
		($ in thousands)
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	1	$	1,830,722	$	1,830,722	$	1,702,977	$	1,702,977
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. government and agency securities	2	78,281		78,281		18,824		18,824
Asset-backed securities	2	1,210,356		1,210,356		936,917		936,917
Municipal bonds	2	38,703		38,703		38,315		38,315
Corporate debt securities	2	287,393		287,393		287,184		287,184
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	2	868,211		868,211		968,252		968,252
Total available-for-sale securities		2,482,944		2,482,944		2,249,492		2,249,492
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	2	581,313		600,622		698,934		720,516
Commercial MBS	2	5,557		5,553		6,904		6,852
Total held-to-maturity securities		586,870		606,175		705,838		727,368
Loans receivable	3	12,881,010		13,433,950		12,792,317		13,392,089
FHLB and FRB stock	2	137,991		137,991		141,990		141,990
Other assets - client swap program hedges	2	35,825		35,825		48,201		48,201
Other assets - borrowings cash flow hedges	2	2,743		2,743		—		—
Financial liabilities
Time deposits	2	3,785,082		3,761,325		3,973,192		3,963,203
FHLB advances	2	2,600,000		2,620,269		2,700,000		2,722,509
Other liabilities - client swap program hedges	2	35,825		35,825		48,201		48,201
Other liabilities - mortgage loan fair value hedges	2	12,459		12,459		16,061		16,061
Other liabilities - commercial loan fair value hedges	2	7,508		7,508		8,492		8,492
Other liabilities - borrowings cash flow hedges	2	—		—		17,375		17,375

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of financial instruments:

Cash and cash equivalents – The carrying amount of these items is a reasonable estimate of their fair value. 

Available-for-sale securities and held-to-maturity securities – Securities at fair value are primarily priced using model pricing based on the securities' relationship to other benchmark quoted prices as provided by an independent third party, and are considered a Level 2 input method. Equity securities that are exchange traded are considered a Level 1 input method.

Loans receivable – Fair values are estimated first by stratifying the portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics. Loans are segregated by type such as multi-family real estate, residential mortgage, construction, commercial, consumer and land loans. Each loan category is further segmented into fixed- and adjustable-rate interest terms. For residential mortgages and multi-family loans, the bank determined that its best exit price was by securitization. MBS benchmark prices are used as a base price, with further loan level pricing adjustments made based on individual loan characteristics such as FICO score, LTV, Property Type and occupancy. For all other loan categories an estimate of fair value is then calculated based on discounted cash flows using a discount rate offered and observed in the market on similar products, plus an adjustment for liquidity to reflect the non-homogeneous nature of the loans, as well as an annual loss rate based on historical losses to arrive at an estimated exit price

fair value. Fair value for impaired loans is also based on recent appraisals or estimated cash flows discounted using rates commensurate with risk associated with the estimated cash flows. Assumptions regarding credit risk, cash flows and discount rates are judgmentally determined using available market information and specific borrower information.

FHLB and FRB stock – The fair value is based upon the par value of the stock that equates to its carrying value.

Time deposits – The fair value of time deposits is estimated by discounting the estimated future cash flows using rates offered for deposits with similar remaining maturities.

FHLB advances – The fair value of FHLB advances and other borrowings is estimated by discounting the estimated future cash flows using rates currently available to the Company for debt with similar remaining maturities.

Interest rate swaps – The Company offers interest rate swaps to its variable rate borrowers who want to manage their interest rate risk. At the same time, the Company enters into the opposite trade with a counterparty to offset its interest rate risk. The Company also uses interest rate swaps for various fair value hedges and cash flow hedges. The fair value of these interest rate swaps is estimated by a third party pricing service using a discounted cash flow technique.

The following tables provide details about the amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities.

	December 31, 2020
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized				Fair Value		Yield
			Gains		Losses
	($ in thousands)
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. government and agency securities due
1 to 5 years	$	58,807	$	588	$	—	$	59,395	0.53	%
5 to 10 years	18,443		443		—		18,886		2.05
Asset-backed securities
5 to 10 years	107,355		206		(1,360)		106,201		0.68
Over 10 years	1,097,828		7064		(737)		1104155		1.09
Corporate debt securities due
Within 1 year	52,756		236		(86)		52,906		1.22
1 to 5 years	152,226		6,557		(87)		158,696		1.87
5 to 10 years	73,340		2,451		—		75,791		1.16
Municipal bonds due
1 to 5 years	1,469		33		—		1,502		—
Over 10 years	35,836		1,365		—		37,201		5.40
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	833,814		35,980		(1,583)		868,211		2.72
	2,431,874		54,923		(3,853)		2,482,944		1.73
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	581,313		19,309		—		600,622		3.16
Commercial MBS	5,557		—		(4)		5,553		1.02
	586,870		19,309		(4)		606,175		3.14
	$	3,018,744	$	74,232	$	(3,857)	$	3,089,119	2.00	%

	September 30, 2020
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized					Fair Value		Yield
			Gains		Losses
	($ in thousands)
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. government and agency securities due
5 to 10 years	$	18,448	$	376		$	—	$	18,824	2.05	%
Asset-backed securities
5 to 10 years	38,289		—			(1,600)		36,689		0.83
Over 10 years	906,489		647			(6,908)		900,228		1.14
Corporate debt securities due
Within 1 year	54,209		337			(51)		54,495		1.22
1 to 5 years	128,289		3,366			(428)		131,227		1.78
5 to 10 years	97,157		4,305			—		101,462		1.50
Municipal bonds due
1 to 5 years	1,461		36			—		1,497		—
Over 10 years	36,044		774			—		36,818		5.40
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	929,713		39,166			(627)		968,252		2.82
	2,210,099		49,007			(9,614)		2,249,492		1.97
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	698,934		21,582			—		720,516		3.16
Commercial MBS	6,904		—			(52)		6,852		1.02
	705,838		21,582			(52)		727,368		3.14
	$	2,915,937	$	70,589		$	(9,666)	$	2,976,860	2.25	%

During fiscal 2020, as permitted in conjunction with the adoption of ASU 2019-04, the Company reclassified $374,680,000 of prepayable debt securities from held-to-maturity to available-for-sale. For available-for-sale investment securities, there were purchases of $379,760,000 during the three months ended December 31, 2020 and purchases of $82,028,000 during the three months ended December 31, 2019. There were no sales of available-for-sale investment securities during either period. For held-to-maturity investment securities, there were no purchases during the three months ended December 31, 2020 and no purchases during the three months ended December 31, 2019. There were no sales of held-to-maturity investment securities during either period. Substantially all of the agency mortgage-backed securities have contractual due dates that exceed 10 years.

The Company elected to exclude AIR from the amortized cost basis of debt securities disclosed throughout this footnote. For AFS securities, AIR totaled $3,997,000 and $3,285,000 as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively. For HTM debt securities, AIR totaled $1,506,000 and $1,811,000 as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively. AIR is included in the “accrued interest receivable” line item on the Company’s consolidated statements of financial condition.

The following tables show the gross unrealized losses and fair value of securities as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, by length of time that individual securities in each category have been in a continuous loss position. There were 33 and 51 securities with an unrealized loss as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively. The decline in fair value since purchase is attributable to changes in interest rates. Because the Company does not intend to sell these securities and does not consider it more likely than not that it will be required to sell these securities before the recovery of amortized cost basis, which may be upon maturity, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired.

December 31, 2020	Less than 12 months				12 months or more				Total
	Unrealized Gross Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Gross Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Gross Losses		Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Available-for-sale securities
Corporate debt securities	$	(173)	$	45,811	$	—	$	—	$	(173)	$	45,811
Asset-backed securities	(398)		219,539		(1,699)		141,478		(2,097)		361,017
Mortgage-backed securities	(1,174)		52,559		(409)		53,606		(1,583)		106,165
	(1,745)		317,909		(2,108)		195,084		(3,853)		512,993
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities	(4)		5,553		—		—		(4)		5,553
	$	(1,749)	$	323,462	$	(2,108)	$	195,084	$	(3,857)	$	518,546

September 30, 2020	Less than 12 months				12 months or more				Total
	Unrealized Gross Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Gross Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Gross Losses		Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Available-for-sale securities
Corporate debt securities	$	(74)	$	45,875	$	(405)	$	24,596	$	(479)	$	70,471
Asset-backed securities	(5,481)		587,746		(3,027)		204,369		(8,508)		792,115
Mortgage-backed securities	(278)		41,897		(349)		56,196		(627)		98,093
	(5,833)		675,518		(3,781)		285,161		(9,614)		960,679
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities	(52)		6,853		—		—		(52)		6,853
	$	(5,885)	$	682,371	$	(3,781)	$	285,161	$	(9,666)	$	967,532

Substantially all of the Company’s held-to-maturity debt securities are issued by U.S. government agencies or U.S. government-sponsored enterprises. These securities carry the explicit and/or implicit guarantee of the U.S. government and have a long history of zero credit loss. Therefore, the Company did not record an allowance for credit losses for these securities as of December 31, 2020 or September 30, 2020.

The Company does not believe that the available-for-sale debt securities that were in an unrealized loss position have any credit loss impairment as of December 31, 2020 or September 30, 2020. The Company does not intend to sell the investment securities that were in an unrealized loss position and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investment securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity. Available-for-sale debt securities issued by U.S. government agencies or U.S. government-sponsored enterprises carry the explicit and/or implicit guarantee of the U.S. government and have a long history of zero credit loss. Corporate debt securities and municipal bonds are considered to have an issuer of high credit quality (rated AA or higher) and the decline in fair value is due to changes in interest rates and other market conditions. The issuer continues to make timely principal and interest payments on the bonds. The fair value is expected to recover as the bonds approach maturity.

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Derivatives and Hedging Activities

3 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivatives and Hedging Activities

Derivatives and Hedging Activities

The following tables present the fair value, notional amount and balance sheet classification of derivative assets and liabilities at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020.

December 31, 2020	Derivative Assets					Derivative Liabilities
Interest rate contract purpose	Balance Sheet Location	Notional		Fair Value		Balance Sheet Location	Notional		Fair Value
	(In thousands)					(In thousands)
Client swap program hedges	Other assets	$	637,633	$	35,825	Other liabilities	$	637,633	$	35,825
Commercial loan fair value hedges	Other assets	—		—		Other liabilities	90,918		7,508
Mortgage loan fair value hedges	Other assets	—		—		Other liabilities	500,000		12,459
Borrowings cash flow hedges	Other assets	1,500,000		2,743		Other liabilities	—		—
		$	2,137,633	$	38,568		$	1,228,551	$	55,792

September 30, 2020	Derivative Assets					Derivative Liabilities
Interest rate contract purpose	Balance Sheet Location	Notional		Fair Value		Balance Sheet Location	Notional		Fair Value
	(In thousands)					(In thousands)
Client swap program hedges	Other assets	$	656,074	$	48,201	Other liabilities	$	656,074	$	48,201
Commercial loan fair value hedges	Other assets	—		—		Other liabilities	93,316		8,492
Mortgage loan fair value hedges	Other assets	—		—		Other liabilities	500,000		16,061
Borrowings cash flow hedges	Other assets	—		—		Other liabilities	1,600,000		17,375
		$	656,074	$	48,201		$	2,849,390	$	90,129

The Company enters into interest rate swaps to hedge interest rate risk. These arrangements include hedges of individual fixed rate commercial loans and also hedges of a specified portion of pools of prepayable fixed rate mortgage loans under the "last of layer" method. These relationships qualify as fair value hedges under FASB ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging ("ASC 815"), which provides for offsetting of the recognition of gains and losses of the respective interest rate swap and the hedged items. Gains and losses on interest rate swaps designated in these hedge relationships, along with the offsetting gains and losses on the hedged items attributable to the hedged risk, are recognized in current earnings within the same income statement line item.

Upon electing to apply ASC 815 fair value hedge accounting, the carrying value of the hedged item is adjusted to reflect the cumulative impact of changes in fair value attributable to the hedged risk. The hedge basis adjustment remains with the hedged item until the hedged item is de-recognized from the balance sheet. The following tables present the impact of fair value hedge accounting on the carrying value of the hedged items at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020.

(In thousands)	December 31, 2020
Balance sheet line item in which hedged item is recorded	Carrying value of hedged items		Cumulative gain (loss) fair value hedge adjustment included in carrying amount of hedged items
Loans receivable (1) (2)	$	2,242,120	$	20,208
	$	2,242,120	$	20,208

(1) Includes the amortized cost basis of the closed mortgage loan portfolios used to designate the hedging relationships in which the hedged items are the last layer expected to be remaining at the end of the hedging relationships. At December 31, 2020, the amortized cost basis of the closed loan portfolios used in the hedging relationships was $2,143,675,000, the cumulative basis adjustment associated with the hedging relationships was $12,515,000, and the amount of the designated hedged items was $500,000,000.

(2) Includes the amortized cost basis of commercial loans designated in fair value hedging relationships. At December 31, 2020, the amortized cost basis of the hedged commercial loans was $98,445,000 and the cumulative basis adjustment associated with the hedging relationships was $7,693,000.

(In thousands)	September 30, 2020
Balance sheet line item in which hedged item is recorded	Carrying value of hedged items		Cumulative gain (loss) fair value hedge adjustment included in carrying amount of hedged items
Loans receivable (1) (2)	$	2,562,765	$	24,664
	$	2,562,765	$	24,664

(1) Includes the amortized cost basis of the closed mortgage loan portfolios used to designate the hedging relationships in which the hedged items are the last layer expected to be remaining at the end of the hedging relationships. At September 30, 2020, the amortized cost basis of the closed loan portfolios used in the hedging relationships was $2,461,008,000, the cumulative basis adjustment associated with the hedging relationships was $16,049,000, and the amount of the designated hedged items was $500,000,000.

(2) Includes the amortized cost basis of commercial loans designated in fair value hedging relationships. At September 30, 2020, the amortized cost basis of the hedged commercial loans was $101,757,000 and the cumulative basis adjustment associated with the hedging relationships was $8,615,000.

The Company has entered into interest rate swaps to convert certain short-term borrowings to fixed rate payments. The primary purpose of these hedges is to mitigate the risk of changes in future cash flows resulting from increasing interest rates. For qualifying cash flow hedges under ASC 815, gains and losses on the interest rate swaps are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI") and then reclassified into earnings in the same period the hedged cash flows affect earnings and within the same income statement line item as the hedged cash flows. During the three months ended December 31, 2020, a cash flow hedge with a notional amount of $100,000,000 and an effective interest rate of 1.39% was terminated and the FHLB advance was repaid. As of December 31, 2020, the maturities for hedges of adjustable rate borrowings ranged from less than one year to nine years, with the weighted average being 6.8 years.

The following tables present the gain (loss) recognized in AOCI on derivative instruments related to cash flow hedges on borrowings for the periods presented.

(In thousands)	Three Months Ended December 31,
Amount of gain/(loss) recognized in AOCI	2020		2019
Interest rate contracts:
Pay fixed/receive floating swaps on borrowings cash flow hedges	$	20,118	$	3,115
Total pre-tax gain/(loss) recognized in AOCI	$	20,118	$	3,115

The following tables present the gain (loss) on derivative instruments in fair value and cash flow accounting hedging relationships under ASC 815 for the periods presented.

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2020				Three Months Ended December 31, 2019
	Interest income on loans receivable		Interest expense on FHLB advances		Interest income on loans receivable		Interest expense on FHLB advances
	(In thousands)				(In thousands)
Interest income/(expense), including the effects of fair value and cash flow hedges	$	133,671	$	(13,198)	$	142,146	$	(13,658)
Gain/(loss) on fair value hedging relationships:
Interest rate contracts
Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives	$	(1,541)			$	(7)
Recognized on derivatives	4,587				4,692
Recognized on hedged items	(4,456)				(4,593)
Net income/(expense) recognized on fair value hedges	$	(1,410)			$	92
Gain/(loss) on cash flow hedging relationships:
Interest rate contracts
Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives			$	3,597			$	(214)
Amount of derivative gain/(loss) reclassified from AOCI into interest income/expense			—				—
Net income/(expense) recognized on cash flow hedges			$	3,597			$	(214)

The Company periodically enters into certain interest rate swap agreements in order to provide commercial loan customers the ability to convert from variable to fixed interest rate payments, while the Company retains a variable rate loan. Under these agreements, the Company enters into a variable rate loan agreement and a swap agreement with the client. The swap agreement effectively converts the client’s variable rate loan into a fixed rate. The Company enters into a corresponding swap agreement with a third party in order to offset its exposure on the variable and fixed components of the client's swap agreement. The interest rate swaps are derivatives under ASC 815, with changes in fair value recorded in earnings. There was no net impact to the statement of operations for the three months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 as the changes in fair value of the receive fixed swap and pay fixed swap offset each other.

The following tables present the impact of derivative instruments (client swap program) that are not designated in accounting hedges under ASC 815 for the periods presented.

(In thousands)		Three Months Ended December 31,
Derivative instruments	Classification of gain/(loss) recognized in income on derivative instrument	2020		2019
Interest rate contracts:
Pay fixed/receive floating swap	Other noninterest income	$	12,376	$	5,408
Receive fixed/pay floating swap	Other noninterest income	(12,376)		(5,408)
		$	—	$	—

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Revenue from Contracts with Customers

3 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Since net interest income on financial assets and liabilities is outside the scope of ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606"), a significant majority of our revenues are not subject to that guidance.

Revenue streams that are within the scope of ASC 606 are presented within non-interest income and are, in general, recognized as revenue at the same time the Company's obligation to the customer is satisfied. Most of the Company's customer contracts that are within the scope of the new guidance are cancelable by either party without penalty and are short-term in nature. These sources of revenue include depositor and other consumer and business banking fees, commission income, as well as debit and credit card interchange fees. In scope revenue streams represented approximately 5.4% of our total revenues for the three months ended December 31, 2020, compared to 4.4% for the three months ended December 31, 2019. As this standard is immaterial to our consolidated financial statements, the Company has omitted certain disclosures in ASC 606, including the disaggregation of revenue table. Sources of non-interest income within the scope of the guidance include the following:

Deposit related and other service charges (recognized in Deposit fee income) - The Company's deposit accounts are governed by standardized contracts customary in the industry. Revenues are earned at a point in time or over time (monthly) from account maintenance fees and charges for specific transactions such as wire transfers, stop payment orders, overdrafts, debit card replacements, check orders and cashier’s checks. The Company’s performance obligation related to each of these fees is generally satisfied, and the related revenue recognized, at the time the service is provided (point in time or monthly). The Company is principal in each of these contracts.

Debit and Credit Card Interchange Fees (recognized in Deposit fee income) - The Company receives interchange fees from the debit card or credit card payment network based on transactions involving debit or credit cards issued by the Company, generally measured as a percentage of the underlying transaction. Interchange fees from debit and credit card transactions are recognized as the transaction processing services are provided by the network. The Company acts as an agent in the card payment network arrangement so the interchange fees are recorded net of any expenses paid to the principal (the card payment network in this case).

Insurance Agency Commissions (recognized in Other income) - WAFD Insurance Group, Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Washington Federal Bank, N.A. that operates as an insurance agency, selling and marketing property and casualty insurance policies for a small number of high-quality insurance carriers. WAFD Insurance Group, Inc. earns revenue in the form of commissions paid by the insurance carriers for policies that have been sold. In addition to the origination commission, WAFD Insurance Group, Inc. may also receive contingent incentive fees based on the volume of business generated for the insurance carrier and based on policy renewal rates.

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Commitment and Contingencies

3 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

Lease Commitments - The Company’s lease commitments consist primarily of real estate property for branches and office space under various non-cancellable operating leases that expire between 2021 and 2070. The majority of the leases contain renewal options and provisions for increases in rental rates based on a predetermined schedule or an agreed upon index.

Financial Instruments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk - The only material off-balance-sheet credit exposures are loans in process and unused lines of credit, which had a combined balance of $3,011,286,000 and $2,738,095,000 at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively. The reserve was $26,500,000 as of December 31, 2020, which is an increase from $25,000,000 at September 30, 2020. See Note A "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" for details regarding the reserve methodology.

Legal Proceedings - The Company and its subsidiaries are from time to time defendants in and are threatened with various legal proceedings arising from regular business activities. Management, after consulting with legal counsel, is of the opinion that the ultimate liability, if any, resulting from these pending or threatened actions and proceedings will not have a material effect on the financial statements of the Company.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation - The Company has prepared the consolidated unaudited interim financial statements included in this report. All intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation. The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the financial statements. Actual results could differ from these estimates. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation are reflected in the interim financial statements.

The information included in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes in the Company's 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on November 23, 2020 ("2020 Annual Financial Statements"). Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.

Equity Securities

Equity Securities - The Company records equity securities within Other assets in its Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Investments in equity securities with readily determinable fair values (marketable) are measured at fair value, with changes in the fair value recognized as a component of Other income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Investments in equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values (non-marketable) are accounted for at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar investment of the same issuer, also referred to as the measurement alternative. Any adjustments to the carrying value of these investments are recorded in Other income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Allowance for Credit Losses (Loans Receivable)

Allowance for Credit Losses (Loans Receivable) - Effective October 1, 2019, the Company has applied FASB ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses ("ASC 326"), so the allowance calculation is based on current expected credit loss methodology ("CECL"). Prior to October 1, 2019, the calculation was based on incurred loss methodology. See Note E "Allowance for Losses on Loans" for details. The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) for the expected

credit losses of the loan portfolio as well as unfunded loan commitments. The amount of ACL is based on ongoing, quarterly assessments by management. The CECL methodology requires an estimate of the credit losses expected over the life of an exposure (or pool of exposures) and replaces the incurred loss methodology’s threshold that delayed the recognition of a credit loss until it was probable a loss event was incurred.

The ACL consists of the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for unfunded commitments. The estimate of expected credit losses under the CECL methodology is based on relevant information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amounts. Historical loss experience is generally the starting point for estimating expected credit losses. We then consider whether the historical loss experience should be adjusted for asset-specific risk characteristics or current conditions at the reporting date that did not exist over the period that historical experience was based for each loan type. Finally, we consider forecasts about future economic conditions or changes in collateral values that are reasonable and supportable.

Portfolio segment is defined as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic methodology to determine its ACL. The Company has designated two loan portfolio segments, commercial loans and consumer loans. These loan portfolio segments are further disaggregated into classes, which represent loans of similar type, risk characteristics, and methods for monitoring and assessing credit risk. The commercial loan portfolio segment is disaggregated into five classes: multi-family, commercial real estate, commercial and industrial, construction, and land acquisition and development. The risk of loss for the commercial loan portfolio segment is generally most indicated by the credit risk rating assigned to each borrower. Commercial loan risk ratings are determined by experienced senior credit officers based on specific facts and circumstances and are subject to periodic review by an independent internal team of credit specialists. The consumer loan portfolio segment is disaggregated into five classes: single-family-residential mortgage, custom construction, consumer lot loans, home equity lines of credit, and other consumer. The risk of loss for the consumer loan portfolio segment is generally most indicated by delinquency status and general economic factors. Each commercial and consumer loan portfolio class may also be further segmented based on risk characteristics.

For most of our loan portfolio classes, the historical loss experience is determined using a cohort methodology. This method pools loans into groups (“cohorts”) sharing similar risk characteristics and tracks each cohort’s net charge-offs over the lives of the loans to calculate a historical loss rate. The historical loss rates for each cohort are then averaged to calculate an overall historical loss rate which is applied to the current loan balance to arrive at the quantitative baseline portion of the allowance for credit losses for the respective loan portfolio class. For certain loan portfolio classes, the Company determined there was not sufficient historical loss information to calculate a meaningful historical loss rate using the cohort methodology. For any such loan portfolio class, the weighted-average remaining maturity (“WARM”) methodology is being utilized until sufficient historical loss data is obtained. The WARM method multiplies an average annual loss rate by the expected remaining life of the loan pool to arrive at the quantitative baseline portion of the allowance for credit losses for the respective loan portfolio class.

The Company also considers qualitative adjustments to the historical loss rate for each loan portfolio class. The qualitative adjustments for each loan class consider the conditions over the period from which historical loss experience was based and are split into two components: 1) asset or class specific risk characteristics or current conditions at the reporting date related to portfolio credit quality, remaining payments, volume and nature, credit culture and management, business environment or other management factors and 2) reasonable and supportable forecast of future economic conditions and collateral values.

The Company performs a quarterly asset quality review which includes a review of forecasted gross charge-offs and recoveries, nonperforming assets, criticized loans, risk rating migration, delinquencies, etc. The asset quality review is performed by management and the results are used to consider a qualitative overlay to the quantitative baseline. The second qualitative adjustment noted above, economic conditions and collateral values, encompasses a one-year reasonable and supportable forecast period. The overlay adjustment for the reasonable and supportable forecast assumes an immediate reversion after the one-year forecast period to historical loss rates for the remaining life of the respective loan pool.

When management deems it to be appropriate, the Company establishes a specific reserve for individually evaluated loans that do not share similar risk characteristics with the loans included in each respective loan pool. These individually evaluated loans are removed from their respective pools and typically represent collateral dependent loans but may also include other non-performing loans or troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”). In addition, the Company individually evaluates “reasonably expected” TDRs, which are identified by the Company as a loan expected to be classified as a TDR within the next six months. Management judgment is utilized to make this determination.

Allowance for Credit Losses (Held-to-Maturity and Available-for-Sale Debt Securities)

Allowance for Credit Losses (Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities) - For held-to-maturity (“HTM”) debt securities, the Company is required to utilize a CECL methodology to estimate expected credit losses. Substantially all of the Company’s HTM debt securities are issued by U.S. government agencies or U.S. government-sponsored enterprises. These securities carry the explicit and/or implicit guarantee of the U.S. government and have a long history of zero credit loss. See Note F "Fair Value Measurements" for more information about HTM debt securities.Allowance for Credit Losses (Available-for-Sale Debt Securities) - The impairment model for available-for-sale (“AFS”) debt securities differs from the CECL methodology applied for HTM debt securities because AFS debt securities are measured at fair value rather than amortized cost. Although ASC 326 replaced the legacy other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) model with a credit loss model, it retained the fundamental nature of the legacy OTTI model. For AFS debt securities in an unrealized loss position, the Company first assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell, the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either criteria is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income. For AFS debt securities where neither of the criteria are met, the Company evaluates whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, management considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the credit rating of the security by a rating agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded for the credit loss, limited to the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Any remaining discount that has not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income. Under the new guidance, an entity may no longer consider the length of time fair value has been less than amortized cost. Changes in the allowance for credit losses are recorded as a provision (or release) for credit losses. Losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of an AFS security is confirmed or when either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met.

Accrued Interest Receivable

Accrued Interest Receivable - Upon adoption of ASC 326, the Company made the following elections regarding accrued interest receivable:

•Presenting accrued interest receivable balances separately from their underlying instruments within the consolidated statements of financial condition.

•Excluding accrued interest receivable that is included in the amortized cost of financing receivables from related disclosure requirements.

•Continuing our policy to write off accrued interest receivable by reversing interest income in cases where the Company does not reasonably expect to receive payment.

•Not measuring an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivable due to the Company’s policy of writing off uncollectible accrued interest receivable balances in a timely manner, as described above.

Non-Accrual and Collateral-Dependent Loans

Non-Accrual Loans - Loans are placed on non-accrual status when, in the judgment of management, the probability of collection of interest is deemed to be insufficient to warrant further accrual. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, previously accrued but unpaid interest is deducted from interest income. The Bank does not accrue interest on loans 90 days or more past due. If payment is made on a loan so that the loan becomes less than 90 days past due, and the Bank expects full collection of principal and interest, the loan is returned to full accrual status. Any interest ultimately collected is credited to income in the period of recovery. A loan is charged-off when the loss is estimable and it is confirmed that the borrower is not expected to be able to meet contractual obligations.

If a consumer loan is on non-accrual status before becoming a TDR it will stay on non-accrual status following restructuring until it has been performing for at least six months, at which point it may be moved to accrual status. If a loan is on accrual status before it becomes a TDR, and management concludes that full repayment is probable based on internal evaluation, it will remain on accrual status following restructuring. If the restructured consumer loan does not perform, it is placed on non-accrual status when it is 90 days delinquent. For commercial loans, six consecutive payments on newly restructured loan terms are required prior to returning the loan to accrual status. In some instances, after the required six consecutive payments are made, management will conclude that collection of the entire principal and interest due is still in doubt. In those instances, the loan will remain on non-accrual status.

Collateral-Dependent Loans - A financial asset is considered collateral-dependent when the debtor is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the sale or operation of the collateral. For all classes of loans and leases deemed collateral-dependent, the Company elected the practical expedient to estimate expected credit losses based on the collateral’s fair value less cost to sell. In most cases, the Company records a partial charge-off to reduce the loan’s carrying value to the collateral’s fair value less cost to sell. Substantially all of the collateral consists of various types of real estate including residential properties; commercial properties such as retail centers, office buildings, and lodging; agriculture land; and vacant land.

Off-balance-sheet credit exposures

The reserve for unfunded commitments is recognized as a liability (other liabilities in the consolidated statements of financial condition), with adjustments to the reserve recognized through provision for credit losses in the consolidated statements of income. The reserve for unfunded commitments represents the expected lifetime credit losses on off-balance sheet obligations such as commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. However, a liability is not recognized for commitments that are unconditionally cancellable by the Company. The reserve for unfunded commitments is determined by estimating future draws, including the effects of risk mitigation actions, and applying the expected loss rates on those draws. Loss rates are estimated by utilizing the same loss rates calculated for the allowance for credit losses related to the respective loan portfolio class.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848). The amendments in this ASU provide temporary, optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform. The ASU provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The ASU primarily includes relief related to contract modifications and hedging relationships, as well as providing a one-time election for the sale or transfer of debt securities classified as held-to-maturity. This guidance is effective immediately and the amendments may be applied prospectively through December 31, 2022. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the amendments and determining the impact to its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract. The amendments in this ASU align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The amendments also require the entity to expense the capitalized implementation costs of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract over the term of the hosting arrangement, including reasonably certain renewal periods. The amendments in the ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this ASU beginning October 1, 2020 and it did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Fair Value Measurements

FASB ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement ("ASC 820") defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active exchange markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active and other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

The Company has established and documented the process for determining the fair values of its assets and liabilities, where applicable. Fair value is based on quoted market prices, when available, for identical or similar assets or liabilities. In the absence of quoted market prices, fair value is determined using valuation models or third-party appraisals. The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used to measure and report the fair value of financial assets and liabilities on a recurring or nonrecurring basis.

Measured on a Recurring Basis

Available-for-Sale Securities and Derivative Contracts

Securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair value of debt securities are priced using model pricing based on the securities' relationship to other benchmark quoted prices as provided by an independent third party, and under GAAP are considered a Level 2 input method. Securities that are traded on active exchanges are measured using the closing price in an active market and are considered a Level 1 input method.

The Company offers interest rate swaps to its variable rate borrowers who want to manage their interest rate risk. At the same time, the Company enters into the opposite trade with a counter party to offset its interest rate risk. The Company has also entered into commercial loan hedges, mortgage pool hedges and borrowings hedges using interest rate swaps. The fair value of these interest rate swaps are estimated by a third party pricing service using a discounted cash flow technique. These are considered a Level 2 input method.

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Loans Receivable (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Receivables [Abstract]

Schedule of Loans Receivable

The following table is a summary of loans receivable by loan portfolio segment and class.

	December 31, 2020				September 30, 2020
	(In thousands)				(In thousands)
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,610,796	10.9	%	$	1,538,762	10.6	%
Commercial real estate	1,954,154		13.2		1,895,086		13.1
Commercial & industrial (1)	2,256,627		15.3		2,132,160		14.7
Construction	2,687,708		18.2		2,403,276		16.6
Land - acquisition & development	193,239		1.3		193,745		1.3
Total commercial loans	8,702,524		58.9		8,163,029		56.3
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,063,053		34.2		5,304,689		36.7
Construction - custom	659,364		4.5		674,879		4.7
Land - consumer lot loans	110,841		0.7		102,263		0.7
HELOC	139,752		0.9		139,703		1.0
Consumer	111,292		0.8		83,159		0.6
Total consumer loans	6,084,302		41.1		6,304,693		43.7
Total gross loans	14,786,826		100	%	14,467,722		100	%
Less:
Allowance for credit losses on loans	170,189				166,955
Loans in process	1,679,972				1,456,072
Net deferred fees, costs and discounts	55,655				52,378
Total loan contra accounts	1,905,816				1,675,405
Net loans	$	12,881,010			$	12,792,317

(1) Includes $646,887,000 and $762,004,000 of SBA Payroll Protection Program loans as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively.

Non-accrual Loans and Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Accruing

The following table sets forth the amortized cost basis of non accrual loans and loans 90 days or more past due and accruing.

	December 31, 2020							September 30, 2020
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
	Non-accrual			Non-accrual with no ACL		90 days or more past due and accruing		Non-accrual			Non-accrual with no ACL		90 days or more past due and accruing
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	—		$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—
Commercial real estate	31,397			—		—		3,771			—		—
Commercial & industrial	594			—		280		329			—		—
Construction	1,237			—		—		1,669			—		—
Land - acquisition & development	—			—		—		—			—		—
Total commercial loans	33,228			—		280		5,769			—		—
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	24,349			0		3,908		22,431			—		933
Construction - custom	—			0		—		—			—		—
Land - consumer lot loans	443			0		168		243			—		—
HELOC	334			0		—		553			—		—
Consumer	52			0		6		60			—		17
Total consumer loans	25,178			—		4,082		23,287			—		950
Total non-accrual loans	$	58,406		$	—	$	4,362	$	29,056		$	—	$	950
% of total loans	0.45		%					0.22		%

Loan Delinquencies by Loan Portfolio and Class

The following tables provide details regarding loan delinquencies by loan portfolio and class.

December 31, 2020			Days Delinquent Based on $ Amount of Loans										% based on $
Type of Loan	Loans Receivable (Amortized Cost)		Current		30		60		90		Total Delinquent
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Commercial Loans
Multi-family	$	1,609,800	$	1,609,325	$	475	$	—	$	—	$	475	0.03	%
Commercial real estate	1,942,854		1,914,254		85		3,958		24,557		28,600		1.47
Commercial & industrial	2,243,465		2,242,422		216		—		827		1,043		0.05
Construction	1,393,107		1,389,404		2,550		—		1,153		3,703		0.27
Land - acquisition & development	152,621		152,369		252		—		—		252		0.17
Total commercial loans	7,341,847		7,307,774		3,578		3,958		26,537		34,073		0.46
Consumer Loans
Single-family residential	5,048,435		5,016,530		7,477		5,872		18,556		31,905		0.63
Construction - custom	299,351		299,351		—		—		—		—		—
Land - consumer lot loans	109,845		109,248		95		168		334		597		0.54
HELOC	140,272		138,933		916		116		307		1,339		0.95
Consumer	111,449		111,201		67		27		154		248		0.22
Total consumer loans	5,709,352		5,675,263		8,555		6,183		19,351		34,089		0.60
Total Loans	$	13,051,199	$	12,983,037	$	12,133	$	10,141	$	45,888	$	68,162	0.52	%
Delinquency %			99.48%		0.09%		0.08%		0.35%		0.52%

September 30, 2020			Days Delinquent Based on $ Amount of Loans										% based on $
Type of Loan	Loans Receivable (Amortized Cost)		Current		30		60		90		Total Delinquent
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Commercial Loans
Multi-family	$	1,538,240	$	1,538,240	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	—	%
Commercial real estate	1,884,688		1,884,210		—		195		283		478		0.03
Commercial & industrial	2,115,513		2,114,650		—		583		280		863		0.04
Construction	1,352,414		1,350,752		—		—		1,662		1,662		0.12
Land - acquisition & development	153,571		153,571		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial loans	7,044,426		7,041,423		—		778		2,225		3,003		0.04
Consumer Loans
Single-family residential	5,293,962		5,267,608		3,922		3,108		19,324		26,354		0.50
Construction - custom	295,953		295,953		—		—		—		—		—
Land - consumer lot loans	101,394		101,029		152		—		213		365		0.36
HELOC	140,222		139,491		275		76		380		731		0.52
Consumer	83,315		82,959		121		11		224		356		0.43
Total consumer loans	5,914,846		5,887,040		4,470		3,195		20,141		27,806		0.47
Total Loans	$	12,959,272	$	12,928,463	$	4,470	$	3,973	$	22,366	$	30,809	0.24	%
Delinquency %			99.76%		0.03%		0.03%		0.17%		0.24%

Summary of Loans Based on Credit Quality Indicators

The following tables present by primary credit quality indicator, loan class, and year of origination, the amortized cost basis of loans receivable as of December 31, 2020.

	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	YTD 2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior to 2017		Revolving Loans		Revolving to Term Loans		Total Loans
Commercial loans
Multi-family
Pass	$	120,709	$	384,701	$	114,454	$	276,390	$	232,338	$	392,183	$	8,195	$	—	$	1,528,970
Special Mention	—		2,418		2,816		4,054		5,092		4,464		—		—		18,844
Substandard	—		—		7,544		3,974		3,769		46,699		—		—		61,986
Total	$	120,709	$	387,119	$	124,814	$	284,418	$	241,199	$	443,346	$	8,195	$	—	$	1,609,800
Commercial real estate
Pass	$	158,763	$	424,621	$	219,629	$	243,656	$	233,589	$	443,025	$	2,217	$	—	$	1,725,500
Special Mention	—		197		9,496		414		1,725		26,103		—		—		37,935
Substandard	—		9,067		29,699		22,688		47,315		70,650		—		—		179,419
Total	$	158,763	$	433,885	$	258,824	$	266,758	$	282,629	$	539,778	$	2,217	$	—	$	1,942,854
Commercial & industrial
Pass	$	157,872	$	801,134	$	60,562	$	83,496	$	75,301	$	165,692	$	616,063	$	12,097	$	1,972,217
Special Mention	—		8,931		6,937		1,163		4,286		—		5,111		—		26,428
Substandard	12,751		45,891		7,296		6,310		104		49,331		123,137		—		244,820
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	170,623	$	855,956	$	74,795	$	90,969	$	79,691	$	215,023	$	744,311	$	12,097	$	2,243,465
Construction
Pass	$	119,251	$	407,194	$	446,042	$	190,227	$	42,695	$	16	$	77,463	$	—	$	1,282,888
Special Mention	—		—		—		32,992		—		—		—		—		32,992
Substandard	—		3,256		36,940		—		37,031		—		—		—		77,227
Total	$	119,251	$	410,450	$	482,982	$	223,219	$	79,726	$	16	$	77,463	$	—	$	1,393,107
Land - acquisition & development
Pass	$	10,965	$	43,159	$	34,967	$	19,309	$	17,706	$	4,513	$	5,307	$	—	$	135,926
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		15,573		—		—		15,573
Substandard	—		—		1,122		—		—		—		—		—		1,122
Total	$	10,965	$	43,159	$	36,089	$	19,309	$	17,706	$	20,086	$	5,307	$	—	$	152,621
Total commercial loans
Pass	$	567,560	$	2,060,809	$	875,654	$	813,078	$	601,629	$	1,005,429	$	709,245	$	12,097	$	6,645,501
Special Mention	—		11,546		19,249		38,623		11,103		46,140		5,111		—		131,772
Substandard	12,751		58,214		82,601		32,972		88,219		166,680		123,137		—		564,574
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	580,311	$	2,130,569	$	977,504	$	884,673	$	700,951	$	1,218,249	$	837,493	$	12,097	$	7,341,847

	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	YTD 2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior to 2017		Revolving Loans		Revolving to Term Loans		Total Loans
Consumer loans
Single-family residential
Current	$	250,276	$	824,978	$	578,704	$	525,644	$	607,513	$	2,229,415	$	—	$	—	$	5,016,530
30 days past due	—		—		356		60		1,523		5,538		—		—		7,477
60 days past due	—		473		—		—		357		5,042		—		—		5,872
90+ days past due	—		—		680		—		439		17,437		—		—		18,556
Total	$	250,276	$	825,451	$	579,740	$	525,704	$	609,832	$	2,257,432	$	—	$	—	$	5,048,435
Construction - custom
Current	$	11,469	$	250,459	$	35,802	$	1,621	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	299,351
Total	$	11,469	$	250,459	$	35,802	$	1,621	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	299,351
Land - consumer lot loans
Current	$	20,268	$	38,986	$	16,288	$	5,991	$	6,994	$	20,721	$	—	$	—	$	109,248
30 days past due	—		—		72		—		—		23		—		—		95
60 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		168		—		—		168
90+ days past due	—		—		—		152		122		60		—		—		334
Total	$	20,268	$	38,986	$	16,360	$	6,143	$	7,116	$	20,972	$	—	$	—	$	109,845
HELOC
Current	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	6,750	$	131,482	$	701	$	138,933
30 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		167		749		—		916
60 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		5		111		—		116
90+ days past due	—		—		—		—		—		30		277		—		307
Total	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	6,952	$	132,619	$	701	$	140,272
Consumer
Current	$	11,231	$	8,421	$	1,237	$	51,616	$	180	$	16,175	$	22,341	$	—	$	111,201
30 days past due	—		—		9		—		47		11		—		—		67
60 days past due	—		—		6		—		14		7		—		—		27
90+ days past due	—		—		36		—		112		6		—		—		154
Total	$	11,231	$	8,421	$	1,288	$	51,616	$	353	$	16,199	$	22,341	$	—	$	111,449
Total consumer loans
Current	$	293,244	$	1,122,844	$	632,031	$	584,872	$	614,687	$	2,273,061	$	153,823	$	701	$	5,675,263
30 days past due	—		—		437		60		1,570		5,739		749		—		8,555
60 days past due	—		473		6		—		371		5,222		111		—		6,183
90+ days past due	—		—		716		152		673		17,533		277		—		19,351
Total	$	293,244	$	1,123,317	$	633,190	$	585,084	$	617,301	$	2,301,555	$	154,960	$	701	$	5,709,352

The following tables provide the amortized cost of loans receivable based on risk rating categories as previously defined.

December 31, 2020	Internally Assigned Grade
	Pass			Special mention			Substandard			Doubtful			Loss			Total
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Loan type
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,528,970		$	18,844		$	61,986		$	—		$	—		$	1,609,800
Commercial real estate	1,725,500			37,935			179,419			—			—			1,942,854
Commercial & industrial	1,972,217			26,428			244,820			—			—			2,243,465
Construction	1,282,888			32,992			77,227			—			—			1,393,107
Land - acquisition & development	135,926			15,573			1,122			—			—			152,621
Total commercial loans	6,645,501			131,772			564,574			—			—			7,341,847
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,018,759			191			29,485			—			—			5,048,435
Construction - custom	299,351			—			—			—			—			299,351
Land - consumer lot loans	109,234			—			611			—			—			109,845
HELOC	139,215			—			1,057			—			—			140,272
Consumer	111,442			—			7			—			—			111,449
Total consumer loans	5,678,001			191			31,160			—			—			5,709,352
Total	$	12,323,502		$	131,963		$	595,734		$	—		$	—		$	13,051,199
Total grade as a % of total loans	94.42		%	1.01		%	4.56		%	—		%	—		%

September 30, 2020	Internally Assigned Grade
	Pass			Special mention			Substandard			Doubtful			Loss			Total Gross Loans
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Loan type
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,506,692		$	13,721		$	17,827		$	—		$	—		$	1,538,240
Commercial real estate	1,681,230			92,184			111,274			—			—			1,884,688
Commercial & industrial	1,898,709			64,695			152,109			—			—			2,115,513
Construction	1,187,786			61,178			103,450			—			—			1,352,414
Land - acquisition & development	137,998			15,573			—			—			—			153,571
Total commercial loans	6,412,415			247,351			384,660			—			—			7,044,426
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,270,666			192			23,104			—			—			5,293,962
Construction - custom	295,953			—			—			—			—			295,953
Land - consumer lot loans	101,151			—			243			—			—			101,394
HELOC	139,646			—			576			—			—			140,222
Consumer	83,304			—			11			—			—			83,315
Total consumer loans	5,890,720			192			23,934			—			—			5,914,846
Total loans	$	12,303,135		$	247,543		$	408,594		$	—		$	—		$	12,959,272
Total grade as a % of total gross loans	94.94		%	1.91		%	3.15		%	—		%	—		%

The following tables provide information on amortized cost of loans receivable based on borrower payment activity.

December 31, 2020	Performing Loans				Non-Performing Loans
	Amount		% of Total Loans		Amount		% of Total Loans
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,609,800	100.0	%	$	—	—	%
Commercial real estate	1,911,457		98.4		31,397		1.6
Commercial & industrial	2,242,871		100.0		594		—
Construction	1,391,870		99.9		1,237		0.1
Land - acquisition & development	152,621		100.0		—		—
Total commercial loans	7,308,619		99.5		33,228		0.5
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,024,086		99.5		24,349		0.5
Construction - custom	299,351		100.0		—		—
Land - consumer lot loans	109,402		99.6		443		0.4
HELOC	139,938		99.8		334		0.2
Consumer	111,397		100.0		52		0.0
Total consumer loans	5,684,174		99.6		25,178		0.4
Total loans	$	12,992,793	99.6	%	$	58,406	0.4	%

September 30, 2020	Performing Loans				Non-Performing Loans
	Amount		% of Total Loans		Amount		% of Total Loans
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,538,240	100.0	%	$	—	—	%
Commercial real estate	1,880,917		99.8		3,771		0.2
Commercial & industrial	2,115,184		100.0		329		—
Construction	1,350,745		99.9		1,669		0.1
Land - acquisition & development	153,571		100.0		—		—
Total commercial loans	7,038,657		99.9		5,769		0.1
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,271,531		99.6		22,431		0.4
Construction - custom	295,953		100.0		—		—
Land - consumer lot loans	101,151		99.8		243		0.2
HELOC	139,669		99.6		553		0.4
Consumer	83,255		99.9		60		0.1
Total consumer loans	5,891,559		99.6		23,287		0.4
Total loans	$	12,930,216	99.8	%	$	29,056	0.2	%

XML

Allowance for Losses on Loans (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Receivables [Abstract]

Allowance for Credit Losses by Loan Portfolio Segment and Class

The following tables summarize the activity in the allowance for loan losses by loan portfolio segment and class. 

Three Months Ended December 31, 2020	Beginning Allowance		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision & Transfers		Ending Allowance
	(In thousands)
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	13,853	$	—	$	—	$	510	$	14,363
Commercial real estate	22,516		—		789		191		23,496
Commercial & industrial	38,665		(2)		50		5,604		44,317
Construction	24,156		—		—		2,209		26,365
Land - acquisition & development	10,733		—		35		(102)		10,666
Total commercial loans	109,923		(2)		874		8,412		119,207
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	45,186		—		779		(7,352)		38,613
Construction - custom	3,555		—		—		39		3,594
Land - consumer lot loans	2,729		—		7		222		2,958
HELOC	2,571		—		—		(209)		2,362
Consumer	2,991		(150)		226		388		3,455
Total consumer loans	57,032		(150)		1,012		(6,912)		50,982
Total loans	$	166,955	$	(152)	$	1,886	$	1,500	$	170,189

Three Months Ended December 31, 2019	Beginning Allowance		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision & Transfers		Ending Allowance
	(In thousands)
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	10,404	$	—	$	498	$	(396)	$	10,506
Commercial real estate	13,024		(98)		368		(227)		13,067
Commercial & industrial	32,235		(50)		144		1,347		33,676
Construction	22,768		—		54		(903)		21,919
Land - acquisition & development	10,904		(11)		1,460		(1,940)		10,413
Total commercial loans	89,335		(159)		2,524		(2,119)		89,581
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	47,771		(15)		261		(1,661)		46,356
Construction - custom	2,880		—		—		50		2,930
Land - consumer lot loans	2,635		(70)		10		(8)		2,567
HELOC	2,048		—		93		(107)		2,034
Consumer	4,615		(374)		309		(505)		4,045
Total consumer loans	59,949		(459)		673		(2,231)		57,932
Total loans	$	149,284	$	(618)	$	3,197	$	(4,350)	$	147,513

Summary of Loans Based on Credit Quality Indicators

The following tables present by primary credit quality indicator, loan class, and year of origination, the amortized cost basis of loans receivable as of December 31, 2020.

	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	YTD 2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior to 2017		Revolving Loans		Revolving to Term Loans		Total Loans
Commercial loans
Multi-family
Pass	$	120,709	$	384,701	$	114,454	$	276,390	$	232,338	$	392,183	$	8,195	$	—	$	1,528,970
Special Mention	—		2,418		2,816		4,054		5,092		4,464		—		—		18,844
Substandard	—		—		7,544		3,974		3,769		46,699		—		—		61,986
Total	$	120,709	$	387,119	$	124,814	$	284,418	$	241,199	$	443,346	$	8,195	$	—	$	1,609,800
Commercial real estate
Pass	$	158,763	$	424,621	$	219,629	$	243,656	$	233,589	$	443,025	$	2,217	$	—	$	1,725,500
Special Mention	—		197		9,496		414		1,725		26,103		—		—		37,935
Substandard	—		9,067		29,699		22,688		47,315		70,650		—		—		179,419
Total	$	158,763	$	433,885	$	258,824	$	266,758	$	282,629	$	539,778	$	2,217	$	—	$	1,942,854
Commercial & industrial
Pass	$	157,872	$	801,134	$	60,562	$	83,496	$	75,301	$	165,692	$	616,063	$	12,097	$	1,972,217
Special Mention	—		8,931		6,937		1,163		4,286		—		5,111		—		26,428
Substandard	12,751		45,891		7,296		6,310		104		49,331		123,137		—		244,820
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	170,623	$	855,956	$	74,795	$	90,969	$	79,691	$	215,023	$	744,311	$	12,097	$	2,243,465
Construction
Pass	$	119,251	$	407,194	$	446,042	$	190,227	$	42,695	$	16	$	77,463	$	—	$	1,282,888
Special Mention	—		—		—		32,992		—		—		—		—		32,992
Substandard	—		3,256		36,940		—		37,031		—		—		—		77,227
Total	$	119,251	$	410,450	$	482,982	$	223,219	$	79,726	$	16	$	77,463	$	—	$	1,393,107
Land - acquisition & development
Pass	$	10,965	$	43,159	$	34,967	$	19,309	$	17,706	$	4,513	$	5,307	$	—	$	135,926
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		15,573		—		—		15,573
Substandard	—		—		1,122		—		—		—		—		—		1,122
Total	$	10,965	$	43,159	$	36,089	$	19,309	$	17,706	$	20,086	$	5,307	$	—	$	152,621
Total commercial loans
Pass	$	567,560	$	2,060,809	$	875,654	$	813,078	$	601,629	$	1,005,429	$	709,245	$	12,097	$	6,645,501
Special Mention	—		11,546		19,249		38,623		11,103		46,140		5,111		—		131,772
Substandard	12,751		58,214		82,601		32,972		88,219		166,680		123,137		—		564,574
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	580,311	$	2,130,569	$	977,504	$	884,673	$	700,951	$	1,218,249	$	837,493	$	12,097	$	7,341,847

	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	YTD 2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior to 2017		Revolving Loans		Revolving to Term Loans		Total Loans
Consumer loans
Single-family residential
Current	$	250,276	$	824,978	$	578,704	$	525,644	$	607,513	$	2,229,415	$	—	$	—	$	5,016,530
30 days past due	—		—		356		60		1,523		5,538		—		—		7,477
60 days past due	—		473		—		—		357		5,042		—		—		5,872
90+ days past due	—		—		680		—		439		17,437		—		—		18,556
Total	$	250,276	$	825,451	$	579,740	$	525,704	$	609,832	$	2,257,432	$	—	$	—	$	5,048,435
Construction - custom
Current	$	11,469	$	250,459	$	35,802	$	1,621	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	299,351
Total	$	11,469	$	250,459	$	35,802	$	1,621	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	299,351
Land - consumer lot loans
Current	$	20,268	$	38,986	$	16,288	$	5,991	$	6,994	$	20,721	$	—	$	—	$	109,248
30 days past due	—		—		72		—		—		23		—		—		95
60 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		168		—		—		168
90+ days past due	—		—		—		152		122		60		—		—		334
Total	$	20,268	$	38,986	$	16,360	$	6,143	$	7,116	$	20,972	$	—	$	—	$	109,845
HELOC
Current	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	6,750	$	131,482	$	701	$	138,933
30 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		167		749		—		916
60 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		5		111		—		116
90+ days past due	—		—		—		—		—		30		277		—		307
Total	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	6,952	$	132,619	$	701	$	140,272
Consumer
Current	$	11,231	$	8,421	$	1,237	$	51,616	$	180	$	16,175	$	22,341	$	—	$	111,201
30 days past due	—		—		9		—		47		11		—		—		67
60 days past due	—		—		6		—		14		7		—		—		27
90+ days past due	—		—		36		—		112		6		—		—		154
Total	$	11,231	$	8,421	$	1,288	$	51,616	$	353	$	16,199	$	22,341	$	—	$	111,449
Total consumer loans
Current	$	293,244	$	1,122,844	$	632,031	$	584,872	$	614,687	$	2,273,061	$	153,823	$	701	$	5,675,263
30 days past due	—		—		437		60		1,570		5,739		749		—		8,555
60 days past due	—		473		6		—		371		5,222		111		—		6,183
90+ days past due	—		—		716		152		673		17,533		277		—		19,351
Total	$	293,244	$	1,123,317	$	633,190	$	585,084	$	617,301	$	2,301,555	$	154,960	$	701	$	5,709,352

The following tables provide the amortized cost of loans receivable based on risk rating categories as previously defined.

December 31, 2020	Internally Assigned Grade
	Pass			Special mention			Substandard			Doubtful			Loss			Total
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Loan type
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,528,970		$	18,844		$	61,986		$	—		$	—		$	1,609,800
Commercial real estate	1,725,500			37,935			179,419			—			—			1,942,854
Commercial & industrial	1,972,217			26,428			244,820			—			—			2,243,465
Construction	1,282,888			32,992			77,227			—			—			1,393,107
Land - acquisition & development	135,926			15,573			1,122			—			—			152,621
Total commercial loans	6,645,501			131,772			564,574			—			—			7,341,847
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,018,759			191			29,485			—			—			5,048,435
Construction - custom	299,351			—			—			—			—			299,351
Land - consumer lot loans	109,234			—			611			—			—			109,845
HELOC	139,215			—			1,057			—			—			140,272
Consumer	111,442			—			7			—			—			111,449
Total consumer loans	5,678,001			191			31,160			—			—			5,709,352
Total	$	12,323,502		$	131,963		$	595,734		$	—		$	—		$	13,051,199
Total grade as a % of total loans	94.42		%	1.01		%	4.56		%	—		%	—		%

September 30, 2020	Internally Assigned Grade
	Pass			Special mention			Substandard			Doubtful			Loss			Total Gross Loans
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Loan type
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,506,692		$	13,721		$	17,827		$	—		$	—		$	1,538,240
Commercial real estate	1,681,230			92,184			111,274			—			—			1,884,688
Commercial & industrial	1,898,709			64,695			152,109			—			—			2,115,513
Construction	1,187,786			61,178			103,450			—			—			1,352,414
Land - acquisition & development	137,998			15,573			—			—			—			153,571
Total commercial loans	6,412,415			247,351			384,660			—			—			7,044,426
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,270,666			192			23,104			—			—			5,293,962
Construction - custom	295,953			—			—			—			—			295,953
Land - consumer lot loans	101,151			—			243			—			—			101,394
HELOC	139,646			—			576			—			—			140,222
Consumer	83,304			—			11			—			—			83,315
Total consumer loans	5,890,720			192			23,934			—			—			5,914,846
Total loans	$	12,303,135		$	247,543		$	408,594		$	—		$	—		$	12,959,272
Total grade as a % of total gross loans	94.94		%	1.91		%	3.15		%	—		%	—		%

The following tables provide information on amortized cost of loans receivable based on borrower payment activity.

December 31, 2020	Performing Loans				Non-Performing Loans
	Amount		% of Total Loans		Amount		% of Total Loans
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,609,800	100.0	%	$	—	—	%
Commercial real estate	1,911,457		98.4		31,397		1.6
Commercial & industrial	2,242,871		100.0		594		—
Construction	1,391,870		99.9		1,237		0.1
Land - acquisition & development	152,621		100.0		—		—
Total commercial loans	7,308,619		99.5		33,228		0.5
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,024,086		99.5		24,349		0.5
Construction - custom	299,351		100.0		—		—
Land - consumer lot loans	109,402		99.6		443		0.4
HELOC	139,938		99.8		334		0.2
Consumer	111,397		100.0		52		0.0
Total consumer loans	5,684,174		99.6		25,178		0.4
Total loans	$	12,992,793	99.6	%	$	58,406	0.4	%

September 30, 2020	Performing Loans				Non-Performing Loans
	Amount		% of Total Loans		Amount		% of Total Loans
	(In thousands, except ratio data)
Commercial loans
Multi-family	$	1,538,240	100.0	%	$	—	—	%
Commercial real estate	1,880,917		99.8		3,771		0.2
Commercial & industrial	2,115,184		100.0		329		—
Construction	1,350,745		99.9		1,669		0.1
Land - acquisition & development	153,571		100.0		—		—
Total commercial loans	7,038,657		99.9		5,769		0.1
Consumer loans
Single-family residential	5,271,531		99.6		22,431		0.4
Construction - custom	295,953		100.0		—		—
Land - consumer lot loans	101,151		99.8		243		0.2
HELOC	139,669		99.6		553		0.4
Consumer	83,255		99.9		60		0.1
Total consumer loans	5,891,559		99.6		23,287		0.4
Total loans	$	12,930,216	99.8	%	$	29,056	0.2	%

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value of Assets Measured on Recurring Basis

The following tables present the balance and level in the fair value hierarchy of assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

	December 31, 2020
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In thousands)
Financial Assets
Available-for-sale securities:
U.S. government and agency securities	$	—	$	78,281	$	—	$	78,281
Asset-backed securities	—		1,210,356		—		1,210,356
Municipal bonds	—		38,703		—		38,703
Corporate debt securities	—		287,393		—		287,393
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	—		868,211		—		868,211
Total available-for-sale securities	—		2,482,944		—		2,482,944
Client swap program hedges	—		35,825		—		35,825
Borrowings cash flow hedges	—		2,743		—		2,743
Total financial assets	$	—	$	2,521,512	$	—	$	2,521,512
Financial Liabilities
Client swap program hedges	$	—	$	35,825	$	—	$	35,825
Commercial loan fair value hedges	—		7,508		—		7,508
Mortgage loan fair value hedges	—		12,459		—		12,459
Total financial liabilities	$	—	$	55,792	$	—	$	55,792

	September 30, 2020
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In thousands)
Financial Assets
Available-for-sale securities:
U.S. government and agency securities	$	—	$	18,824	$	—	$	18,824
Asset-backed securities	—		936,917				936,917
Municipal bonds	—		38,315		—		38,315
Corporate debt securities	—		287,184		—		287,184
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	—		968,252		—		968,252
Total available-for-sale securities	—		2,249,492		—		2,249,492
Client swap program hedges	—		48,201		—		48,201
Total financial assets	$	—	$	2,297,693	$	—	$	2,297,693
Financial Liabilities
Client swap program hedges	$	—	$	48,201	$	—	$	48,201
Commercial loan fair value hedges	—		8,492		—		8,492
Mortgage loan fair value hedges			16,061				16,061
Borrowings cash flow hedges	—		17,375		—		17,375
Total financial liabilities	$	—	$	90,129	$	—	$	90,129

Fair Value of Assets Measured on Nonrecurring Basis

The following tables present the aggregated balance of assets that were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, and the total gains (losses) resulting from those fair value adjustments during the respective periods. The estimated fair value measurements are shown gross of estimated selling costs.

	December 31, 2020								Three Months Ended December 31, 2020
	Level 1		Level  2		Level  3		Total		Total Gains (Losses)
	(In thousands)								(In thousands)
Loans (1)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(44)
Real estate owned (2)	—		—		447		447		(47)
Balance at end of period	$	—	$	—	$	447	$	447	$	(91)

(1)The gains (losses) represent re-measurements of collateral-dependent loans.

(2)The gains (losses) represent aggregate write-downs and charge-offs on real estate owned.

	December 31, 2019								Three Months Ended December 31, 2019
	Level 1		Level  2		Level  3		Total		Total Gains (Losses)
	(In thousands)								(In thousands)
Loans (1)	$	—	$	—	$	70	$	70	$	(299)
Real estate owned (2)	—		—		976		976		(2)
Balance at end of period	$	—	$	—	$	1,046	$	1,046	$	(301)

(1)The gains (losses) represent re-measurements of collateral-dependent loans.

(2)The gains (losses) represent aggregate write-downs and charge-offs on real estate owned.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments by Balance Sheet Grouping

Although management is not aware of any factors that would materially affect the estimated fair value amounts presented below, such amounts have not been comprehensively revalued for purposes of these financial statements since the dates shown, and therefore, estimates of fair value subsequent to those dates may differ significantly from the amounts presented below. 

		December 31, 2020				September 30, 2020
	Level in Fair Value Hierarchy	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
		($ in thousands)
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	1	$	1,830,722	$	1,830,722	$	1,702,977	$	1,702,977
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. government and agency securities	2	78,281		78,281		18,824		18,824
Asset-backed securities	2	1,210,356		1,210,356		936,917		936,917
Municipal bonds	2	38,703		38,703		38,315		38,315
Corporate debt securities	2	287,393		287,393		287,184		287,184
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	2	868,211		868,211		968,252		968,252
Total available-for-sale securities		2,482,944		2,482,944		2,249,492		2,249,492
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	2	581,313		600,622		698,934		720,516
Commercial MBS	2	5,557		5,553		6,904		6,852
Total held-to-maturity securities		586,870		606,175		705,838		727,368
Loans receivable	3	12,881,010		13,433,950		12,792,317		13,392,089
FHLB and FRB stock	2	137,991		137,991		141,990		141,990
Other assets - client swap program hedges	2	35,825		35,825		48,201		48,201
Other assets - borrowings cash flow hedges	2	2,743		2,743		—		—
Financial liabilities
Time deposits	2	3,785,082		3,761,325		3,973,192		3,963,203
FHLB advances	2	2,600,000		2,620,269		2,700,000		2,722,509
Other liabilities - client swap program hedges	2	35,825		35,825		48,201		48,201
Other liabilities - mortgage loan fair value hedges	2	12,459		12,459		16,061		16,061
Other liabilities - commercial loan fair value hedges	2	7,508		7,508		8,492		8,492
Other liabilities - borrowings cash flow hedges	2	—		—		17,375		17,375

Reconciliation of Amortized Cost to Fair Value of Available-for-Sale and Held-to-Maturity Securities

The following tables provide details about the amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities.

	December 31, 2020
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized				Fair Value		Yield
			Gains		Losses
	($ in thousands)
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. government and agency securities due
1 to 5 years	$	58,807	$	588	$	—	$	59,395	0.53	%
5 to 10 years	18,443		443		—		18,886		2.05
Asset-backed securities
5 to 10 years	107,355		206		(1,360)		106,201		0.68
Over 10 years	1,097,828		7064		(737)		1104155		1.09
Corporate debt securities due
Within 1 year	52,756		236		(86)		52,906		1.22
1 to 5 years	152,226		6,557		(87)		158,696		1.87
5 to 10 years	73,340		2,451		—		75,791		1.16
Municipal bonds due
1 to 5 years	1,469		33		—		1,502		—
Over 10 years	35,836		1,365		—		37,201		5.40
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	833,814		35,980		(1,583)		868,211		2.72
	2,431,874		54,923		(3,853)		2,482,944		1.73
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	581,313		19,309		—		600,622		3.16
Commercial MBS	5,557		—		(4)		5,553		1.02
	586,870		19,309		(4)		606,175		3.14
	$	3,018,744	$	74,232	$	(3,857)	$	3,089,119	2.00	%

	September 30, 2020
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized					Fair Value		Yield
			Gains		Losses
	($ in thousands)
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. government and agency securities due
5 to 10 years	$	18,448	$	376		$	—	$	18,824	2.05	%
Asset-backed securities
5 to 10 years	38,289		—			(1,600)		36,689		0.83
Over 10 years	906,489		647			(6,908)		900,228		1.14
Corporate debt securities due
Within 1 year	54,209		337			(51)		54,495		1.22
1 to 5 years	128,289		3,366			(428)		131,227		1.78
5 to 10 years	97,157		4,305			—		101,462		1.50
Municipal bonds due
1 to 5 years	1,461		36			—		1,497		—
Over 10 years	36,044		774			—		36,818		5.40
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	929,713		39,166			(627)		968,252		2.82
	2,210,099		49,007			(9,614)		2,249,492		1.97
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities
Agency pass-through certificates	698,934		21,582			—		720,516		3.16
Commercial MBS	6,904		—			(52)		6,852		1.02
	705,838		21,582			(52)		727,368		3.14
	$	2,915,937	$	70,589		$	(9,666)	$	2,976,860	2.25	%

Schedule of Unrealized Losses and Fair Value of Securities

The following tables show the gross unrealized losses and fair value of securities as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, by length of time that individual securities in each category have been in a continuous loss position. There were 33 and 51 securities with an unrealized loss as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively. The decline in fair value since purchase is attributable to changes in interest rates. Because the Company does not intend to sell these securities and does not consider it more likely than not that it will be required to sell these securities before the recovery of amortized cost basis, which may be upon maturity, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired.

December 31, 2020	Less than 12 months				12 months or more				Total
	Unrealized Gross Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Gross Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Gross Losses		Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Available-for-sale securities
Corporate debt securities	$	(173)	$	45,811	$	—	$	—	$	(173)	$	45,811
Asset-backed securities	(398)		219,539		(1,699)		141,478		(2,097)		361,017
Mortgage-backed securities	(1,174)		52,559		(409)		53,606		(1,583)		106,165
	(1,745)		317,909		(2,108)		195,084		(3,853)		512,993
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities	(4)		5,553		—		—		(4)		5,553
	$	(1,749)	$	323,462	$	(2,108)	$	195,084	$	(3,857)	$	518,546

September 30, 2020	Less than 12 months				12 months or more				Total
	Unrealized Gross Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Gross Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Gross Losses		Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Available-for-sale securities
Corporate debt securities	$	(74)	$	45,875	$	(405)	$	24,596	$	(479)	$	70,471
Asset-backed securities	(5,481)		587,746		(3,027)		204,369		(8,508)		792,115
Mortgage-backed securities	(278)		41,897		(349)		56,196		(627)		98,093
	(5,833)		675,518		(3,781)		285,161		(9,614)		960,679
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities	(52)		6,853		—		—		(52)		6,853
	$	(5,885)	$	682,371	$	(3,781)	$	285,161	$	(9,666)	$	967,532

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Derivatives and Hedging Activities (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Fair Value, Notional Amount and Balance Sheet Classification

The following tables present the fair value, notional amount and balance sheet classification of derivative assets and liabilities at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020.

December 31, 2020	Derivative Assets					Derivative Liabilities
Interest rate contract purpose	Balance Sheet Location	Notional		Fair Value		Balance Sheet Location	Notional		Fair Value
	(In thousands)					(In thousands)
Client swap program hedges	Other assets	$	637,633	$	35,825	Other liabilities	$	637,633	$	35,825
Commercial loan fair value hedges	Other assets	—		—		Other liabilities	90,918		7,508
Mortgage loan fair value hedges	Other assets	—		—		Other liabilities	500,000		12,459
Borrowings cash flow hedges	Other assets	1,500,000		2,743		Other liabilities	—		—
		$	2,137,633	$	38,568		$	1,228,551	$	55,792

September 30, 2020	Derivative Assets					Derivative Liabilities
Interest rate contract purpose	Balance Sheet Location	Notional		Fair Value		Balance Sheet Location	Notional		Fair Value
	(In thousands)					(In thousands)
Client swap program hedges	Other assets	$	656,074	$	48,201	Other liabilities	$	656,074	$	48,201
Commercial loan fair value hedges	Other assets	—		—		Other liabilities	93,316		8,492
Mortgage loan fair value hedges	Other assets	—		—		Other liabilities	500,000		16,061
Borrowings cash flow hedges	Other assets	—		—		Other liabilities	1,600,000		17,375
		$	656,074	$	48,201		$	2,849,390	$	90,129

Schedule of Fair Value Hedge Accounting on Carrying Value of Hedged Items

The following tables present the impact of fair value hedge accounting on the carrying value of the hedged items at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020.

(In thousands)	December 31, 2020
Balance sheet line item in which hedged item is recorded	Carrying value of hedged items		Cumulative gain (loss) fair value hedge adjustment included in carrying amount of hedged items
Loans receivable (1) (2)	$	2,242,120	$	20,208
	$	2,242,120	$	20,208

(1) Includes the amortized cost basis of the closed mortgage loan portfolios used to designate the hedging relationships in which the hedged items are the last layer expected to be remaining at the end of the hedging relationships. At December 31, 2020, the amortized cost basis of the closed loan portfolios used in the hedging relationships was $2,143,675,000, the cumulative basis adjustment associated with the hedging relationships was $12,515,000, and the amount of the designated hedged items was $500,000,000.

(2) Includes the amortized cost basis of commercial loans designated in fair value hedging relationships. At December 31, 2020, the amortized cost basis of the hedged commercial loans was $98,445,000 and the cumulative basis adjustment associated with the hedging relationships was $7,693,000.

(In thousands)	September 30, 2020
Balance sheet line item in which hedged item is recorded	Carrying value of hedged items		Cumulative gain (loss) fair value hedge adjustment included in carrying amount of hedged items
Loans receivable (1) (2)	$	2,562,765	$	24,664
	$	2,562,765	$	24,664

(1) Includes the amortized cost basis of the closed mortgage loan portfolios used to designate the hedging relationships in which the hedged items are the last layer expected to be remaining at the end of the hedging relationships. At September 30, 2020, the amortized cost basis of the closed loan portfolios used in the hedging relationships was $2,461,008,000, the cumulative basis adjustment associated with the hedging relationships was $16,049,000, and the amount of the designated hedged items was $500,000,000.

(2) Includes the amortized cost basis of commercial loans designated in fair value hedging relationships. At September 30, 2020, the amortized cost basis of the hedged commercial loans was $101,757,000 and the cumulative basis adjustment associated with the hedging relationships was $8,615,000.

Schedule of Impact of Derivative Instruments

The following tables present the gain (loss) recognized in AOCI on derivative instruments related to cash flow hedges on borrowings for the periods presented.

(In thousands)	Three Months Ended December 31,
Amount of gain/(loss) recognized in AOCI	2020		2019
Interest rate contracts:
Pay fixed/receive floating swaps on borrowings cash flow hedges	$	20,118	$	3,115
Total pre-tax gain/(loss) recognized in AOCI	$	20,118	$	3,115

The following tables present the impact of derivative instruments (client swap program) that are not designated in accounting hedges under ASC 815 for the periods presented.

(In thousands)		Three Months Ended December 31,
Derivative instruments	Classification of gain/(loss) recognized in income on derivative instrument	2020		2019
Interest rate contracts:
Pay fixed/receive floating swap	Other noninterest income	$	12,376	$	5,408
Receive fixed/pay floating swap	Other noninterest income	(12,376)		(5,408)
		$	—	$	—

Schedule of Derivatives Instruments Statements of Financial Performance and Financial Position, Location

The following tables present the gain (loss) on derivative instruments in fair value and cash flow accounting hedging relationships under ASC 815 for the periods presented.

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2020				Three Months Ended December 31, 2019
	Interest income on loans receivable		Interest expense on FHLB advances		Interest income on loans receivable		Interest expense on FHLB advances
	(In thousands)				(In thousands)
Interest income/(expense), including the effects of fair value and cash flow hedges	$	133,671	$	(13,198)	$	142,146	$	(13,658)
Gain/(loss) on fair value hedging relationships:
Interest rate contracts
Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives	$	(1,541)			$	(7)
Recognized on derivatives	4,587				4,692
Recognized on hedged items	(4,456)				(4,593)
Net income/(expense) recognized on fair value hedges	$	(1,410)			$	92
Gain/(loss) on cash flow hedging relationships:
Interest rate contracts
Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives			$	3,597			$	(214)
Amount of derivative gain/(loss) reclassified from AOCI into interest income/expense			—				—
Net income/(expense) recognized on cash flow hedges			$	3,597			$	(214)

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) branch	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($)
Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of bank branches | branch	234
Increase (decrease) to retained earnings for the cumulative effect of adopting ASC 326	$ 2,061,767	$ 2,014,133	$ 2,031,127	$ 2,032,995
Cash collateral	54,800	97,600
Loans in process	1,679,972	1,456,072
Financing Receivable
Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Loans in process	3,011,286	2,738,095
Retained Earnings
Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Increase (decrease) to retained earnings for the cumulative effect of adopting ASC 326	$ 1,443,280	$ 1,420,906	$ 1,365,397	1,335,909
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Increase (decrease) to retained earnings for the cumulative effect of adopting ASC 326				(21,945)
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment | Retained Earnings
Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Increase (decrease) to retained earnings for the cumulative effect of adopting ASC 326				$ (21,945)

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Dividends and Share Repurchases (Details) - $ / shares			3 Months Ended
	Jan. 26, 2021	Nov. 20, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Cash dividends per share (in dollars per share)		$ 0.22	$ 0.22	$ 0.21
Stock repurchased (in shares)			32,956
Average cost per share (in dollars per share)			$ 21.29
Remaining shares authorized to be repurchased (in shares)			4,594,275
Subsequent Event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Dividends declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.23

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Loans Receivable - Schedule of Loans Receivable (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 14,786,826,000	$ 14,467,722,000
Ratio of loan type to all loans	100.00%	100.00%
Allowance for credit losses on loans	$ 170,189,000	$ 166,955,000	$ 147,513,000	$ 149,284,000
Loans in process	1,679,972,000	1,456,072,000
Net deferred fees, costs and discounts	55,655,000	52,378,000
Total loan contra accounts	1,905,816,000	1,675,405,000
Net loans	12,881,010,000	12,792,317,000
Commercial loans
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 8,702,524,000	$ 8,163,029,000
Ratio of loan type to all loans	58.90%	56.30%
Allowance for credit losses on loans	$ 119,207,000	$ 109,923,000	89,581,000	89,335,000
Commercial loans | Multi-family
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 1,610,796,000	$ 1,538,762,000
Ratio of loan type to all loans	10.90%	10.60%
Allowance for credit losses on loans	$ 14,363,000	$ 13,853,000	10,506,000	10,404,000
Commercial loans | Commercial real estate
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 1,954,154,000	$ 1,895,086,000
Ratio of loan type to all loans	13.20%	13.10%
Allowance for credit losses on loans	$ 23,496,000	$ 22,516,000	13,067,000	13,024,000
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member]
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 2,256,627,000	$ 2,132,160,000
Ratio of loan type to all loans	15.30%	14.70%
Allowance for credit losses on loans	$ 44,317,000	$ 38,665,000	33,676,000	32,235,000
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member] | SBA Payroll Protection Program, CARES Act
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Gross loans	646,887,000	762,004,000
Allowance for credit losses on loans	0	0
Commercial loans | Construction
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 2,687,708,000	$ 2,403,276,000
Ratio of loan type to all loans	18.20%	16.60%
Allowance for credit losses on loans	$ 26,365,000	$ 24,156,000	21,919,000	22,768,000
Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 193,239,000	$ 193,745,000
Ratio of loan type to all loans	1.30%	1.30%
Allowance for credit losses on loans	$ 10,666,000	$ 10,733,000	10,413,000	10,904,000
Consumer loans
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 6,084,302,000	$ 6,304,693,000
Ratio of loan type to all loans	41.10%	43.70%
Allowance for credit losses on loans	$ 50,982,000	$ 57,032,000	57,932,000	59,949,000
Consumer loans | Construction
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 659,364,000	$ 674,879,000
Ratio of loan type to all loans	4.50%	4.70%
Allowance for credit losses on loans	$ 3,594,000	$ 3,555,000	2,930,000	2,880,000
Consumer loans | Single-family residential
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 5,063,053,000	$ 5,304,689,000
Ratio of loan type to all loans	34.20%	36.70%
Allowance for credit losses on loans	$ 38,613,000	$ 45,186,000	46,356,000	47,771,000
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 110,841,000	$ 102,263,000
Ratio of loan type to all loans	0.70%	0.70%
Allowance for credit losses on loans	$ 2,958,000	$ 2,729,000	2,567,000	2,635,000
Consumer loans | HELOC
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 139,752,000	$ 139,703,000
Ratio of loan type to all loans	0.90%	1.00%
Allowance for credit losses on loans	$ 2,362,000	$ 2,571,000	2,034,000	2,048,000
Consumer loans | Consumer
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 111,292,000	$ 83,159,000
Ratio of loan type to all loans	0.80%	0.60%
Allowance for credit losses on loans	$ 3,455,000	$ 2,991,000	$ 4,045,000	$ 4,615,000

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Loans Receivable - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) loan branch	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) branch	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Accrued interest receivable for loans	$ 47,168	$ 47,168	$ 48,704
Loans pledged to secure borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank	$ 5,153,478	5,153,478	$ 5,361,504
Nonaccrual interest income recognized		3,489
Impaired, interest income on accrual accrual and performed loans		$ 402
Number of businesses assisted, CARES Act | branch	6,500	6,500
Basis point reduction, minimum		1.00%
Basis point reduction, maximum		2.00%
Percent of TDRs classified as performing		97.90%
Single family residential loans as percentage of restructured loans	92.90%	92.90%
Minimum
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Term for payment and rate reduction		6 months
Maximum
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Term for payment and rate reduction		24 months
Performing Loans
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Troubled debt restructuring, amount		$ 86,314
SBA Payroll Protection Program, CARES Act
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Amount of PPP loans authorized, CARES Act		780,000
Consumer loans
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Number of loans modified | loan	183
Total loans modified	$ 46,000	46,000
Commercial loans
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Number of loans modified | loan	10
Total loans modified	$ 32,000	$ 32,000

XML

Loans Receivable - Non-accrual Loans and Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Accruing (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Non-accrual percent of total loans	0.45%	0.22%
Financial Asset Originated
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Non-accrual loans	$ 58,406	$ 29,056
Non-accrual loans with no related ACL	0	0
90 days or more past due and accruing	4,362	950
Financial Asset Originated | Commercial loans
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Non-accrual loans	33,228	5,769
Non-accrual loans with no related ACL	0	0
90 days or more past due and accruing	280	0
Financial Asset Originated | Commercial loans | Multi-family
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Non-accrual loans	0	0
Non-accrual loans with no related ACL	0	0
90 days or more past due and accruing	0	0
Financial Asset Originated | Commercial loans | Commercial real estate
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Non-accrual loans	31,397	3,771
Non-accrual loans with no related ACL	0	0
90 days or more past due and accruing	0	0
Financial Asset Originated | Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member]
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Non-accrual loans	594	329
Non-accrual loans with no related ACL	0	0
90 days or more past due and accruing	280	0
Financial Asset Originated | Commercial loans | Construction
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Non-accrual loans	1,237	1,669
Non-accrual loans with no related ACL	0	0
90 days or more past due and accruing	0	0
Financial Asset Originated | Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Non-accrual loans	0	0
Non-accrual loans with no related ACL	0	0
90 days or more past due and accruing	0	0
Financial Asset Originated | Consumer loans
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Non-accrual loans	25,178	23,287
Non-accrual loans with no related ACL	0	0
90 days or more past due and accruing	4,082	950
Financial Asset Originated | Consumer loans | Construction
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Non-accrual loans	0	0
Non-accrual loans with no related ACL	0	0
90 days or more past due and accruing	0	0
Financial Asset Originated | Consumer loans | Single-family residential
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Non-accrual loans	24,349	22,431
Non-accrual loans with no related ACL	0	0
90 days or more past due and accruing	3,908	933
Financial Asset Originated | Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Non-accrual loans	443	243
Non-accrual loans with no related ACL	0	0
90 days or more past due and accruing	168	0
Financial Asset Originated | Consumer loans | HELOC
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Non-accrual loans	334	553
Non-accrual loans with no related ACL	0	0
90 days or more past due and accruing	0	0
Financial Asset Originated | Consumer loans | Consumer
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Non-accrual loans	52	60
Non-accrual loans with no related ACL	0	0
90 days or more past due and accruing	$ 6	$ 17

XML

Loans Receivable - Loan Delinquencies by Loan Portfolio and Class (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans receivable (amortized cost)	$ 13,051,199	$ 12,959,272
Days delinquent, current	12,983,037	12,928,463
Days delinquent, past due	$ 68,162	$ 30,809
% based on $, current	99.48%	99.76%
% based on $, past due	0.52%	0.24%
30 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	$ 12,133	$ 4,470
% based on $, past due	0.09%	0.03%
60 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	$ 10,141	$ 3,973
% based on $, past due	0.08%	0.03%
90 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	$ 45,888	$ 22,366
% based on $, past due	0.35%	0.17%
Commercial loans
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans receivable (amortized cost)	$ 7,341,847	$ 7,044,426
Days delinquent, current	7,307,774	7,041,423
Days delinquent, past due	$ 34,073	$ 3,003
% based on $, past due	0.46%	0.04%
Commercial loans | 30 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	$ 3,578	$ 0
Commercial loans | 60 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	3,958	778
Commercial loans | 90 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	26,537	2,225
Commercial loans | Multi-family
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans receivable (amortized cost)	1,609,800	1,538,240
Days delinquent, current	1,609,325	1,538,240
Days delinquent, past due	$ 475	$ 0
% based on $, past due	0.03%	0.00%
Commercial loans | Multi-family | 30 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	$ 475	$ 0
Commercial loans | Multi-family | 60 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	0	0
Commercial loans | Multi-family | 90 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	0	0
Commercial loans | Commercial real estate
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans receivable (amortized cost)	1,942,854	1,884,688
Days delinquent, current	1,914,254	1,884,210
Days delinquent, past due	$ 28,600	$ 478
% based on $, past due	1.47%	0.03%
Commercial loans | Commercial real estate | 30 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	$ 85	$ 0
Commercial loans | Commercial real estate | 60 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	3,958	195
Commercial loans | Commercial real estate | 90 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	24,557	283
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member]
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans receivable (amortized cost)	2,243,465	2,115,513
Days delinquent, current	2,242,422	2,114,650
Days delinquent, past due	$ 1,043	$ 863
% based on $, past due	0.05%	0.04%
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member] | 30 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	$ 216	$ 0
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member] | 60 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	0	583
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member] | 90 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	827	280
Commercial loans | Construction
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans receivable (amortized cost)	1,393,107	1,352,414
Days delinquent, current	1,389,404	1,350,752
Days delinquent, past due	$ 3,703	$ 1,662
% based on $, past due	0.27%	0.12%
Commercial loans | Construction | 30 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	$ 2,550	$ 0
Commercial loans | Construction | 60 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	0	0
Commercial loans | Construction | 90 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	1,153	1,662
Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans receivable (amortized cost)	152,621	153,571
Days delinquent, current	152,369	153,571
Days delinquent, past due	$ 252	$ 0
% based on $, past due	0.17%	0.00%
Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development | 30 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	$ 252	$ 0
Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development | 60 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	0	0
Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development | 90 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	0	0
Consumer loans
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans receivable (amortized cost)	5,709,352	5,914,846
Days delinquent, current	5,675,263	5,887,040
Days delinquent, past due	$ 34,089	$ 27,806
% based on $, past due	0.60%	0.47%
Consumer loans | 30 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	$ 8,555	$ 4,470
Consumer loans | 60 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	6,183	3,195
Consumer loans | 90 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	19,351	20,141
Consumer loans | Construction
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans receivable (amortized cost)	299,351	295,953
Days delinquent, current	299,351	295,953
Days delinquent, past due	$ 0	$ 0
% based on $, past due	0.00%	0.00%
Consumer loans | Construction | 30 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	$ 0	$ 0
Consumer loans | Construction | 60 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	0	0
Consumer loans | Construction | 90 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	0	0
Consumer loans | Single-family residential
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans receivable (amortized cost)	5,048,435	5,293,962
Days delinquent, current	5,016,530	5,267,608
Days delinquent, past due	$ 31,905	$ 26,354
% based on $, past due	0.63%	0.50%
Consumer loans | Single-family residential | 30 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	$ 7,477	$ 3,922
Consumer loans | Single-family residential | 60 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	5,872	3,108
Consumer loans | Single-family residential | 90 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	18,556	19,324
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans receivable (amortized cost)	109,845	101,394
Days delinquent, current	109,248	101,029
Days delinquent, past due	$ 597	$ 365
% based on $, past due	0.54%	0.36%
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans | 30 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	$ 95	$ 152
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans | 60 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	168	0
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans | 90 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	334	213
Consumer loans | HELOC
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans receivable (amortized cost)	140,272	140,222
Days delinquent, current	138,933	139,491
Days delinquent, past due	$ 1,339	$ 731
% based on $, past due	0.95%	0.52%
Consumer loans | HELOC | 30 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	$ 916	$ 275
Consumer loans | HELOC | 60 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	116	76
Consumer loans | HELOC | 90 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	307	380
Consumer loans | Consumer
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans receivable (amortized cost)	111,449	83,315
Days delinquent, current	111,201	82,959
Days delinquent, past due	$ 248	$ 356
% based on $, past due	0.22%	0.43%
Consumer loans | Consumer | 30 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	$ 67	$ 121
Consumer loans | Consumer | 60 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	27	11
Consumer loans | Consumer | 90 Days Delinquent
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Days delinquent, past due	$ 154	$ 224

XML

Loans Receivable - Loans Based on Credit Quality Indicators (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	$ 13,051,199	$ 12,959,272
Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	12,323,502	12,303,135
Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	131,963	247,543
Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	595,734	408,594
Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	0	0
Commercial loans
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	580,311
2020	2,130,569
2019	977,504
2018	884,673
2017	700,951
Prior to 2017	1,218,249
Revolving Loans	837,493
Revolving to Term Loans	12,097
Total Loans	7,341,847	7,044,426
Commercial loans | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	567,560
2020	2,060,809
2019	875,654
2018	813,078
2017	601,629
Prior to 2017	1,005,429
Revolving Loans	709,245
Revolving to Term Loans	12,097
Total Loans	6,645,501	6,412,415
Commercial loans | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	11,546
2019	19,249
2018	38,623
2017	11,103
Prior to 2017	46,140
Revolving Loans	5,111
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	131,772	247,351
Commercial loans | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	12,751
2020	58,214
2019	82,601
2018	32,972
2017	88,219
Prior to 2017	166,680
Revolving Loans	123,137
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	564,574	384,660
Commercial loans | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	0
2018	0
2017	0
Prior to 2017	0
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	0	0
Commercial loans | Multi-family
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	120,709
2020	387,119
2019	124,814
2018	284,418
2017	241,199
Prior to 2017	443,346
Revolving Loans	8,195
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	1,609,800	1,538,240
Commercial loans | Multi-family | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	120,709
2020	384,701
2019	114,454
2018	276,390
2017	232,338
Prior to 2017	392,183
Revolving Loans	8,195
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	1,528,970	1,506,692
Commercial loans | Multi-family | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	2,418
2019	2,816
2018	4,054
2017	5,092
Prior to 2017	4,464
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	18,844	13,721
Commercial loans | Multi-family | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	7,544
2018	3,974
2017	3,769
Prior to 2017	46,699
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	61,986	17,827
Commercial loans | Multi-family | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	0	0
Commercial loans | Commercial real estate
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	158,763
2020	433,885
2019	258,824
2018	266,758
2017	282,629
Prior to 2017	539,778
Revolving Loans	2,217
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	1,942,854	1,884,688
Commercial loans | Commercial real estate | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	158,763
2020	424,621
2019	219,629
2018	243,656
2017	233,589
Prior to 2017	443,025
Revolving Loans	2,217
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	1,725,500	1,681,230
Commercial loans | Commercial real estate | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	197
2019	9,496
2018	414
2017	1,725
Prior to 2017	26,103
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	37,935	92,184
Commercial loans | Commercial real estate | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	9,067
2019	29,699
2018	22,688
2017	47,315
Prior to 2017	70,650
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	179,419	111,274
Commercial loans | Commercial real estate | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	0	0
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member]
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	170,623
2020	855,956
2019	74,795
2018	90,969
2017	79,691
Prior to 2017	215,023
Revolving Loans	744,311
Revolving to Term Loans	12,097
Total Loans	2,243,465	2,115,513
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member] | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	157,872
2020	801,134
2019	60,562
2018	83,496
2017	75,301
Prior to 2017	165,692
Revolving Loans	616,063
Revolving to Term Loans	12,097
Total Loans	1,972,217	1,898,709
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member] | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	8,931
2019	6,937
2018	1,163
2017	4,286
Prior to 2017	0
Revolving Loans	5,111
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	26,428	64,695
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member] | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	12,751
2020	45,891
2019	7,296
2018	6,310
2017	104
Prior to 2017	49,331
Revolving Loans	123,137
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	244,820	152,109
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member] | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	0
2018	0
2017	0
Prior to 2017	0
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	0	0
Commercial loans | Construction
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	119,251
2020	410,450
2019	482,982
2018	223,219
2017	79,726
Prior to 2017	16
Revolving Loans	77,463
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	1,393,107	1,352,414
Commercial loans | Construction | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	119,251
2020	407,194
2019	446,042
2018	190,227
2017	42,695
Prior to 2017	16
Revolving Loans	77,463
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	1,282,888	1,187,786
Commercial loans | Construction | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	0
2018	32,992
2017	0
Prior to 2017	0
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	32,992	61,178
Commercial loans | Construction | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	3,256
2019	36,940
2018	0
2017	37,031
Prior to 2017	0
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	77,227	103,450
Commercial loans | Construction | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	0	0
Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	10,965
2020	43,159
2019	36,089
2018	19,309
2017	17,706
Prior to 2017	20,086
Revolving Loans	5,307
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	152,621	153,571
Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	10,965
2020	43,159
2019	34,967
2018	19,309
2017	17,706
Prior to 2017	4,513
Revolving Loans	5,307
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	135,926	137,998
Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	0
2018	0
2017	0
Prior to 2017	15,573
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	15,573	15,573
Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	1,122
2018	0
2017	0
Prior to 2017	0
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	1,122	0
Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	0	0
Consumer loans
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	293,244
2020	1,123,317
2019	633,190
2018	585,084
2017	617,301
Prior to 2017	2,301,555
Revolving Loans	154,960
Revolving to Term Loans	701
Total Loans	5,709,352	5,914,846
Consumer loans | Current
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	293,244
2020	1,122,844
2019	632,031
2018	584,872
2017	614,687
Prior to 2017	2,273,061
Revolving Loans	153,823
Revolving to Term Loans	701
Total Loans	5,675,263
Consumer loans | 30 days past due
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	437
2018	60
2017	1,570
Prior to 2017	5,739
Revolving Loans	749
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	8,555
Consumer loans | 60 days past due
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	473
2019	6
2018	0
2017	371
Prior to 2017	5,222
Revolving Loans	111
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	6,183
Consumer loans | 90+ days past due
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	716
2018	152
2017	673
Prior to 2017	17,533
Revolving Loans	277
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	19,351
Consumer loans | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	5,678,001	5,890,720
Consumer loans | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	191	192
Consumer loans | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	31,160	23,934
Consumer loans | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Construction
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	11,469
2020	250,459
2019	35,802
2018	1,621
2017	0
Prior to 2017	0
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	299,351	295,953
Consumer loans | Construction | Current
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	11,469
2020	250,459
2019	35,802
2018	1,621
2017	0
Prior to 2017	0
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	299,351
Consumer loans | Construction | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	299,351	295,953
Consumer loans | Construction | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Construction | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Construction | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Single-family residential
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	250,276
2020	825,451
2019	579,740
2018	525,704
2017	609,832
Prior to 2017	2,257,432
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	5,048,435	5,293,962
Consumer loans | Single-family residential | Current
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	250,276
2020	824,978
2019	578,704
2018	525,644
2017	607,513
Prior to 2017	2,229,415
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	5,016,530
Consumer loans | Single-family residential | 30 days past due
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	356
2018	60
2017	1,523
Prior to 2017	5,538
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	7,477
Consumer loans | Single-family residential | 60 days past due
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	473
2019	0
2018	0
2017	357
Prior to 2017	5,042
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	5,872
Consumer loans | Single-family residential | 90+ days past due
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	680
2018	0
2017	439
Prior to 2017	17,437
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	18,556
Consumer loans | Single-family residential | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	5,018,759	5,270,666
Consumer loans | Single-family residential | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	191	192
Consumer loans | Single-family residential | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	29,485	23,104
Consumer loans | Single-family residential | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	20,268
2020	38,986
2019	16,360
2018	6,143
2017	7,116
Prior to 2017	20,972
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	109,845	101,394
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans | Current
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	20,268
2020	38,986
2019	16,288
2018	5,991
2017	6,994
Prior to 2017	20,721
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	109,248
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans | 30 days past due
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	72
2018	0
2017	0
Prior to 2017	23
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	95
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans | 60 days past due
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	0
2018	0
2017	0
Prior to 2017	168
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	168
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans | 90+ days past due
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	0
2018	152
2017	122
Prior to 2017	60
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	334
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	109,234	101,151
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	611	243
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	0	0
Consumer loans | HELOC
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	0
2018	0
2017	0
Prior to 2017	6,952
Revolving Loans	132,619
Revolving to Term Loans	701
Total Loans	140,272	140,222
Consumer loans | HELOC | Current
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	0
2018	0
2017	0
Prior to 2017	6,750
Revolving Loans	131,482
Revolving to Term Loans	701
Total Loans	138,933
Consumer loans | HELOC | 30 days past due
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	0
2018	0
2017	0
Prior to 2017	167
Revolving Loans	749
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	916
Consumer loans | HELOC | 60 days past due
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	0
2018	0
2017	0
Prior to 2017	5
Revolving Loans	111
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	116
Consumer loans | HELOC | 90+ days past due
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	0
2018	0
2017	0
Prior to 2017	30
Revolving Loans	277
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	307
Consumer loans | HELOC | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	139,215	139,646
Consumer loans | HELOC | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	0	0
Consumer loans | HELOC | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	1,057	576
Consumer loans | HELOC | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Consumer
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	11,231
2020	8,421
2019	1,288
2018	51,616
2017	353
Prior to 2017	16,199
Revolving Loans	22,341
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	111,449	83,315
Consumer loans | Consumer | Current
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	11,231
2020	8,421
2019	1,237
2018	51,616
2017	180
Prior to 2017	16,175
Revolving Loans	22,341
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	111,201
Consumer loans | Consumer | 30 days past due
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	9
2018	0
2017	47
Prior to 2017	11
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	67
Consumer loans | Consumer | 60 days past due
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	6
2018	0
2017	14
Prior to 2017	7
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	27
Consumer loans | Consumer | 90+ days past due
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
YTD 2021	0
2020	0
2019	36
2018	0
2017	112
Prior to 2017	6
Revolving Loans	0
Revolving to Term Loans	0
Total Loans	154
Consumer loans | Consumer | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	111,442	83,304
Consumer loans | Consumer | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Consumer | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	7	11
Consumer loans | Consumer | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total Loans	$ 0	$ 0

XML

Allowance for Losses on Loans - Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses by Loan Portfolio Segment and Class (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Allowance	$ 166,955	$ 149,284
Charge-offs	(152)	(618)
Recoveries	1,886	3,197
Provision & Transfers	1,500	(4,350)
Ending Allowance	170,189	147,513
Commercial loans
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Allowance	109,923	89,335
Charge-offs	(2)	(159)
Recoveries	874	2,524
Provision & Transfers	8,412	(2,119)
Ending Allowance	119,207	89,581
Commercial loans | Multi-family
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Allowance	13,853	10,404
Charge-offs	0	0
Recoveries	0	498
Provision & Transfers	510	(396)
Ending Allowance	14,363	10,506
Commercial loans | Commercial real estate
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Allowance	22,516	13,024
Charge-offs	0	(98)
Recoveries	789	368
Provision & Transfers	191	(227)
Ending Allowance	23,496	13,067
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member]
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Allowance	38,665	32,235
Charge-offs	(2)	(50)
Recoveries	50	144
Provision & Transfers	5,604	1,347
Ending Allowance	44,317	33,676
Commercial loans | Construction
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Allowance	24,156	22,768
Charge-offs	0	0
Recoveries	0	54
Provision & Transfers	2,209	(903)
Ending Allowance	26,365	21,919
Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Allowance	10,733	10,904
Charge-offs	0	(11)
Recoveries	35	1,460
Provision & Transfers	(102)	(1,940)
Ending Allowance	10,666	10,413
Consumer loans
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Allowance	57,032	59,949
Charge-offs	(150)	(459)
Recoveries	1,012	673
Provision & Transfers	(6,912)	(2,231)
Ending Allowance	50,982	57,932
Consumer loans | Construction
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Allowance	3,555	2,880
Charge-offs	0	0
Recoveries	0	0
Provision & Transfers	39	50
Ending Allowance	3,594	2,930
Consumer loans | Single-family residential
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Allowance	45,186	47,771
Charge-offs	0	(15)
Recoveries	779	261
Provision & Transfers	(7,352)	(1,661)
Ending Allowance	38,613	46,356
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Allowance	2,729	2,635
Charge-offs	0	(70)
Recoveries	7	10
Provision & Transfers	222	(8)
Ending Allowance	2,958	2,567
Consumer loans | HELOC
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Allowance	2,571	2,048
Charge-offs	0	0
Recoveries	0	93
Provision & Transfers	(209)	(107)
Ending Allowance	2,362	2,034
Consumer loans | Consumer
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Allowance	2,991	4,615
Charge-offs	(150)	(374)
Recoveries	226	309
Provision & Transfers	388	(505)
Ending Allowance	$ 3,455	$ 4,045

XML

Allowance for Losses on Loans - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Provision (release) for credit losses	$ 3,000,000	$ (3,750,000)
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss, Recovery, Including Off-Balance Sheet, Credit Loss, Liability	1,734,000	2,579,000
Allowance for credit losses on loans	170,189,000	147,513,000	$ 166,955,000	$ 149,284,000
SBA Payroll Protection Program loans	14,786,826,000		14,467,722,000
Gross loans	$ 13,051,199,000		$ 12,959,272,000
% based on $, past due	0.52%		0.24%
Non-accrual loans
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Non-accrual loans			$ 29,056,000
Non-Performing Loans
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 66,542,000		$ 37,695,000
Ratio of non-performing assets to total assets	0.35%		0.20%
Commercial loans
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Allowance for credit losses on loans	$ 119,207,000	89,581,000	$ 109,923,000	89,335,000
SBA Payroll Protection Program loans	8,702,524,000		8,163,029,000
Gross loans	$ 7,341,847,000		$ 7,044,426,000
% based on $, past due	0.46%		0.04%
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member]
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Allowance for credit losses on loans	$ 44,317,000	$ 33,676,000	$ 38,665,000	$ 32,235,000
SBA Payroll Protection Program loans	2,256,627,000		2,132,160,000
Gross loans	$ 2,243,465,000		$ 2,115,513,000
% based on $, past due	0.05%		0.04%
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member] | SBA Payroll Protection Program, CARES Act
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Allowance for credit losses on loans	$ 0		$ 0
SBA Payroll Protection Program loans	$ 646,887,000		$ 762,004,000

XML

Allowance for Losses on Loans - Internally Assigned Grade (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 13,051,199	$ 12,959,272
Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 12,323,502	$ 12,303,135
Pass | Accounts Receivable | Credit Concentration Risk
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total grade as a % of total loans	94.42%	94.94%
Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 131,963	$ 247,543
Special mention | Accounts Receivable | Credit Concentration Risk
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total grade as a % of total loans	1.01%	1.91%
Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 595,734	$ 408,594
Substandard | Accounts Receivable | Credit Concentration Risk
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total grade as a % of total loans	4.56%	3.15%
Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 0	$ 0
Doubtful | Accounts Receivable | Credit Concentration Risk
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total grade as a % of total loans	0.00%	0.00%
Loss
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 0	$ 0
Loss | Accounts Receivable | Credit Concentration Risk
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Total grade as a % of total loans	0.00%	0.00%
Commercial loans
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 7,341,847	$ 7,044,426
Commercial loans | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	6,645,501	6,412,415
Commercial loans | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	131,772	247,351
Commercial loans | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	564,574	384,660
Commercial loans | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial loans | Loss
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial loans | Multi-family
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	1,609,800	1,538,240
Commercial loans | Multi-family | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	1,528,970	1,506,692
Commercial loans | Multi-family | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	18,844	13,721
Commercial loans | Multi-family | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	61,986	17,827
Commercial loans | Multi-family | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial loans | Multi-family | Loss
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial loans | Commercial real estate
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	1,942,854	1,884,688
Commercial loans | Commercial real estate | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	1,725,500	1,681,230
Commercial loans | Commercial real estate | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	37,935	92,184
Commercial loans | Commercial real estate | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	179,419	111,274
Commercial loans | Commercial real estate | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial loans | Commercial real estate | Loss
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member]
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	2,243,465	2,115,513
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member] | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	1,972,217	1,898,709
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member] | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	26,428	64,695
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member] | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	244,820	152,109
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member] | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member] | Loss
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial loans | Construction
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	1,393,107	1,352,414
Commercial loans | Construction | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	1,282,888	1,187,786
Commercial loans | Construction | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	32,992	61,178
Commercial loans | Construction | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	77,227	103,450
Commercial loans | Construction | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial loans | Construction | Loss
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	152,621	153,571
Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	135,926	137,998
Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	15,573	15,573
Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	1,122	0
Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development | Loss
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer loans
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	5,709,352	5,914,846
Consumer loans | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	5,678,001	5,890,720
Consumer loans | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	191	192
Consumer loans | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	31,160	23,934
Consumer loans | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Loss
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Construction
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	299,351	295,953
Consumer loans | Construction | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	299,351	295,953
Consumer loans | Construction | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Construction | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Construction | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Construction | Loss
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Single-family residential
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	5,048,435	5,293,962
Consumer loans | Single-family residential | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	5,018,759	5,270,666
Consumer loans | Single-family residential | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	191	192
Consumer loans | Single-family residential | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	29,485	23,104
Consumer loans | Single-family residential | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Single-family residential | Loss
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	109,845	101,394
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	109,234	101,151
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	611	243
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans | Loss
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer loans | HELOC
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	140,272	140,222
Consumer loans | HELOC | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	139,215	139,646
Consumer loans | HELOC | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer loans | HELOC | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	1,057	576
Consumer loans | HELOC | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer loans | HELOC | Loss
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Consumer
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	111,449	83,315
Consumer loans | Consumer | Pass
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	111,442	83,304
Consumer loans | Consumer | Special mention
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Consumer | Substandard
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	7	11
Consumer loans | Consumer | Doubtful
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer loans | Consumer | Loss
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Gross loans	$ 0	$ 0

XML

Allowance for Losses on Loans - Credit Risk Profile Based on Payment Activity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 13,051,199	$ 12,959,272
Commercial loans
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	7,341,847	7,044,426
Commercial loans | Multi-family
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	1,609,800	1,538,240
Commercial loans | Commercial real estate
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	1,942,854	1,884,688
Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member]
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	2,243,465	2,115,513
Commercial loans | Construction
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	1,393,107	1,352,414
Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	152,621	153,571
Consumer loans
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	5,709,352	5,914,846
Consumer loans | Construction
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	299,351	295,953
Consumer loans | Single-family residential
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	5,048,435	5,293,962
Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	109,845	101,394
Consumer loans | HELOC
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	140,272	140,222
Consumer loans | Consumer
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	111,449	83,315
Performing Loans
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 12,992,793	$ 12,930,216
% of Total Loans	99.60%	99.80%
Performing Loans | Commercial loans
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 7,308,619	$ 7,038,657
% of Total Loans	99.50%	99.90%
Performing Loans | Commercial loans | Multi-family
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 1,609,800	$ 1,538,240
% of Total Loans	100.00%	100.00%
Performing Loans | Commercial loans | Commercial real estate
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 1,911,457	$ 1,880,917
% of Total Loans	98.40%	99.80%
Performing Loans | Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member]
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 2,242,871	$ 2,115,184
% of Total Loans	100.00%	100.00%
Performing Loans | Commercial loans | Construction
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 1,391,870	$ 1,350,745
% of Total Loans	99.90%	99.90%
Performing Loans | Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 152,621	$ 153,571
% of Total Loans	100.00%	100.00%
Performing Loans | Consumer loans
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 5,684,174	$ 5,891,559
% of Total Loans	99.60%	99.60%
Performing Loans | Consumer loans | Construction
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 299,351	$ 295,953
% of Total Loans	100.00%	100.00%
Performing Loans | Consumer loans | Single-family residential
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 5,024,086	$ 5,271,531
% of Total Loans	99.50%	99.60%
Performing Loans | Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 109,402	$ 101,151
% of Total Loans	99.60%	99.80%
Performing Loans | Consumer loans | HELOC
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 139,938	$ 139,669
% of Total Loans	99.80%	99.60%
Performing Loans | Consumer loans | Consumer
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 111,397	$ 83,255
% of Total Loans	100.00%	99.90%
Non-Performing Loans
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 58,406	$ 29,056
% of Total Loans	0.40%	0.20%
Non-Performing Loans | Commercial loans
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 33,228	$ 5,769
% of Total Loans	0.50%	0.10%
Non-Performing Loans | Commercial loans | Multi-family
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 0	$ 0
% of Total Loans	0.00%	0.00%
Non-Performing Loans | Commercial loans | Commercial real estate
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 31,397	$ 3,771
% of Total Loans	1.60%	0.20%
Non-Performing Loans | Commercial loans | Commercial and Industrial [Member]
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 594	$ 329
% of Total Loans	0.00%	0.00%
Non-Performing Loans | Commercial loans | Construction
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 1,237	$ 1,669
% of Total Loans	0.10%	0.10%
Non-Performing Loans | Commercial loans | Land - acquisition & development
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 0	$ 0
% of Total Loans	0.00%	0.00%
Non-Performing Loans | Consumer loans
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 25,178	$ 23,287
% of Total Loans	0.40%	0.40%
Non-Performing Loans | Consumer loans | Construction
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 0	$ 0
% of Total Loans	0.00%	0.00%
Non-Performing Loans | Consumer loans | Single-family residential
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 24,349	$ 22,431
% of Total Loans	0.50%	0.40%
Non-Performing Loans | Consumer loans | Land - consumer lot loans
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 443	$ 243
% of Total Loans	0.40%	0.20%
Non-Performing Loans | Consumer loans | HELOC
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 334	$ 553
% of Total Loans	0.20%	0.40%
Non-Performing Loans | Consumer loans | Consumer
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Amount	$ 52	$ 60
% of Total Loans	0.00%	0.10%

XML

Fair Value Measurements - Recurring (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	$ 2,482,944	$ 2,249,492
Total financial assets	3,089,119	2,976,860
Recurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	2,482,944	2,249,492
Total financial assets	2,521,512	2,297,693
Total financial liabilities	55,792	90,129
Recurring | Client swap program hedges
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative assets	35,825	48,201
Derivative liabilities	35,825	48,201
Recurring | Commercial loan fair value hedges
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative liabilities	7,508	8,492
Recurring | Mortgage loan fair value hedges
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative liabilities	12,459	16,061
Recurring | Borrowings cash flow hedges
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative assets	2,743
Derivative liabilities		17,375
Recurring | U.S. government and agency securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	78,281	18,824
Recurring | Asset-backed securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	1,210,356	936,917
Recurring | Municipal bonds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	38,703	38,315
Recurring | Corporate debt securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	287,393	287,184
Recurring | Agency pass-through certificates
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	868,211	968,252
Recurring | Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
Total financial assets	0	0
Total financial liabilities	0	0
Recurring | Level 1 | Client swap program hedges
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative assets	0	0
Derivative liabilities	0	0
Recurring | Level 1 | Commercial loan fair value hedges
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative liabilities	0	0
Recurring | Level 1 | Mortgage loan fair value hedges
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative liabilities	0
Recurring | Level 1 | Borrowings cash flow hedges
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative assets	0
Derivative liabilities		0
Recurring | Level 1 | U.S. government and agency securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
Recurring | Level 1 | Asset-backed securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
Recurring | Level 1 | Municipal bonds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
Recurring | Level 1 | Corporate debt securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
Recurring | Level 1 | Agency pass-through certificates
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
Recurring | Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	2,482,944	2,249,492
Total financial assets	2,521,512	2,297,693
Total financial liabilities	55,792	90,129
Recurring | Level 2 | Client swap program hedges
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative assets	35,825	48,201
Derivative liabilities	35,825	48,201
Recurring | Level 2 | Commercial loan fair value hedges
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative liabilities	7,508	8,492
Recurring | Level 2 | Mortgage loan fair value hedges
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative liabilities	12,459	16,061
Recurring | Level 2 | Borrowings cash flow hedges
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative assets	2,743
Derivative liabilities		17,375
Recurring | Level 2 | U.S. government and agency securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	78,281	18,824
Recurring | Level 2 | Asset-backed securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	1,210,356	936,917
Recurring | Level 2 | Municipal bonds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	38,703	38,315
Recurring | Level 2 | Corporate debt securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	287,393	287,184
Recurring | Level 2 | Agency pass-through certificates
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	868,211	968,252
Recurring | Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
Total financial assets	0	0
Total financial liabilities	0	0
Recurring | Level 3 | Client swap program hedges
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative assets	0	0
Derivative liabilities	0	0
Recurring | Level 3 | Commercial loan fair value hedges
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative liabilities	0	0
Recurring | Level 3 | Mortgage loan fair value hedges
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative liabilities	0
Recurring | Level 3 | Borrowings cash flow hedges
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative assets	0
Derivative liabilities		0
Recurring | Level 3 | U.S. government and agency securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
Recurring | Level 3 | Asset-backed securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0
Recurring | Level 3 | Municipal bonds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
Recurring | Level 3 | Corporate debt securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	0	0
Recurring | Level 3 | Agency pass-through certificates
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	$ 0	$ 0

XML

Fair Value Measurements - Nonrecurring (Details) - Nonrecurring - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans and real estate owned, fair value	$ 447	$ 1,046
Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans and real estate owned, fair value	0	0
Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans and real estate owned, fair value	0	0
Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans and real estate owned, fair value	447	1,046
Impaired loans
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans and real estate owned, fair value	0	70
Impaired loans | Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans and real estate owned, fair value	0	0
Impaired loans | Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans and real estate owned, fair value	0	0
Impaired loans | Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans and real estate owned, fair value	0	70
Real estate owned
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans and real estate owned, fair value	447	976
Real estate owned | Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans and real estate owned, fair value	0	0
Real estate owned | Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans and real estate owned, fair value	0	0
Real estate owned | Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans and real estate owned, fair value	447	976
Changes measurement
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Gains (losses) related to loans and real estate owned	(91)	(301)
Changes measurement | Impaired loans
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Gains (losses) related to loans and real estate owned	(44)	(299)
Changes measurement | Real estate owned
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Gains (losses) related to loans and real estate owned	$ (47)	$ (2)

XML

Fair Value Measurements - Fair Value by Balance Sheet Grouping (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	$ 2,482,944	$ 2,249,492
Held-to-maturity securities	606,175	727,368
FHLB and FRB stock	137,991	141,990
Carrying Amount
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	2,482,944	2,249,492
Held-to-maturity securities	586,870	705,838
Estimated Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	2,482,944	2,249,492
Held-to-maturity securities	606,175	727,368
Level 1 | Carrying Amount
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	1,830,722	1,702,977
Level 1 | Estimated Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	1,830,722	1,702,977
Level 2 | Carrying Amount
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
FHLB and FRB stock	137,991	141,990
Time deposits	3,785,082	3,973,192
FHLB advances	2,600,000	2,700,000
Level 2 | Carrying Amount | Client swap program hedges
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Other assets	35,825	48,201
Other liabilities	35,825	48,201
Level 2 | Carrying Amount | Mortgage loan fair value hedges
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Other liabilities	12,459	16,061
Level 2 | Carrying Amount | Commercial loan fair value hedges
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Other liabilities	7,508	8,492
Level 2 | Carrying Amount | Borrowings cash flow hedges
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Other assets	2,743	0
Other liabilities	0	17,375
Level 2 | Estimated Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
FHLB and FRB stock	137,991	141,990
Time deposits	3,761,325	3,963,203
FHLB advances	2,620,269	2,722,509
Level 2 | Estimated Fair Value | Client swap program hedges
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Other assets	35,825	48,201
Other liabilities	35,825	48,201
Level 2 | Estimated Fair Value | Mortgage loan fair value hedges
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Other liabilities	12,459	16,061
Level 2 | Estimated Fair Value | Commercial loan fair value hedges
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Other liabilities	7,508	8,492
Level 2 | Estimated Fair Value | Borrowings cash flow hedges
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Other assets	2,743	0
Other liabilities	0	17,375
Level 3 | Carrying Amount
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Loans receivable	12,881,010	12,792,317
Level 3 | Estimated Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Loans receivable	13,433,950	13,392,089
U.S. government and agency securities | Level 2 | Carrying Amount
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	78,281	18,824
U.S. government and agency securities | Level 2 | Estimated Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	78,281	18,824
Asset-backed securities | Level 2 | Carrying Amount
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	1,210,356	936,917
Asset-backed securities | Level 2 | Estimated Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	1,210,356	936,917
Municipal bonds | Level 2 | Carrying Amount
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	38,703	38,315
Municipal bonds | Level 2 | Estimated Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	38,703	38,315
Corporate debt securities | Level 2 | Carrying Amount
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	287,393	287,184
Corporate debt securities | Level 2 | Estimated Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	287,393	287,184
Agency pass-through certificates
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Held-to-maturity securities	600,622	720,516
Agency pass-through certificates | Level 2 | Carrying Amount
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	868,211	968,252
Held-to-maturity securities	581,313	698,934
Agency pass-through certificates | Level 2 | Estimated Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities	868,211	968,252
Held-to-maturity securities	600,622	720,516
Commercial MBS
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Held-to-maturity securities	5,553	6,852
Commercial MBS | Level 2 | Carrying Amount
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Held-to-maturity securities	5,557	6,904
Commercial MBS | Level 2 | Estimated Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Held-to-maturity securities	$ 5,553	$ 6,852

XML

Fair Value Measurements - Investments by Contractual Maturity Date (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
Amortized Cost, Available-for-sale securities
Amortized Cost	$ 2,431,874	$ 2,210,099
Gross Unrealized Gains / Losses, Available-for-sale securities
Gross unrealized gains	54,923	49,007
Gross unrealized loss	(3,853)	(9,614)
Fair Value, Available-for-sale securities
Fair value	$ 2,482,944	$ 2,249,492
Yield, Available-for-sale securities
Yield	1.73%	1.97%
Amortized Cost, Held-to-maturity securities
Held-to-maturity securities, amortized cost	$ 586,870	$ 705,838
Gross Unrealized Gains / Losses, Held-to-maturity securities
Held-to-maturity securities, gross unrealized gains	19,309	21,582
Held-to-maturity securities, gross unrealized losses	(4)	(52)
Fair Value, Held-to-maturity securities
Held-to-maturity securities, fair value	$ 606,175	$ 727,368
Yield, Held-to-maturity securities
Held-to-maturity securities, yield	3.14%	3.14%
Investments	$ 3,018,744	$ 2,915,937
Gross unrealized gains on investments	74,232	70,589
Gross unrealized losses on investments	(3,857)	(9,666)
Total financial assets	$ 3,089,119	$ 2,976,860
Yield on investments	2.00%	2.25%
U.S. government and agency securities
Amortized Cost, Available-for-sale securities
Amortized cost, 1 to 5 years	$ 58,807
Amortized cost, 5 to 10 years	18,443	$ 18,448
Gross Unrealized Gains / Losses, Available-for-sale securities
Gross unrealized gains, 1 to 5 years	588
Gross unrealized gains, 5 to 10 years	443	376
Gross unrealized losses, 1 to 5 years	0
Gross unrealized losses, 5 to 10 years	0	0
Fair Value, Available-for-sale securities
Fair value, 1 to 5 years	59,395
Fair value, 5 to 10 years	$ 18,886	$ 18,824
Yield, Available-for-sale securities
Yield, 1 to 5 years	0.53%
Yield, 5 to 10 years	2.05%	2.05%
Asset-backed securities
Amortized Cost, Available-for-sale securities
Amortized cost, 5 to 10 years	$ 107,355	$ 38,289
Amortized cost, over 10 years	1,097,828	906,489
Gross Unrealized Gains / Losses, Available-for-sale securities
Gross unrealized gains, 5 to 10 years	206	0
Gross unrealized gains, over 10 years	7,064	647
Gross unrealized losses, 5 to 10 years	(1,360)	(1,600)
Gross unrealized losses, over 10 years	(737)	(6,908)
Fair Value, Available-for-sale securities
Fair value, 5 to 10 years	106,201	36,689
Fair value, over 10 years	$ 1,104,155	$ 900,228
Yield, Available-for-sale securities
Yield, 5 to 10 years	0.68%	0.83%
Yield, over 10 years	1.09%	1.14%
Corporate debt securities
Amortized Cost, Available-for-sale securities
Amortized cost, within 1 year	$ 52,756	$ 54,209
Amortized cost, 1 to 5 years	152,226	128,289
Amortized cost, 5 to 10 years	73,340	97,157
Gross Unrealized Gains / Losses, Available-for-sale securities
Gross unrealized gains, within 1 year	236	337
Gross unrealized gains, 1 to 5 years	6,557	3,366
Gross unrealized gains, 5 to 10 years	2,451	4,305
Gross unrealized losses, Within 1 year	(86)	(51)
Gross unrealized losses, 1 to 5 years	(87)	(428)
Gross unrealized losses, 5 to 10 years	0	0
Fair Value, Available-for-sale securities
Fair value, within 1 year	52,906	54,495
Fair value, 1 to 5 years	158,696	131,227
Fair value, 5 to 10 years	$ 75,791	$ 101,462
Yield, Available-for-sale securities
Yield, within 1 year	1.22%	1.22%
Yield, 1 to 5 years	1.87%	1.78%
Yield, 5 to 10 years	1.16%	1.50%
Municipal bonds due
Amortized Cost, Available-for-sale securities
Amortized cost, 1 to 5 years	$ 1,469	$ 1,461
Amortized cost, over 10 years	35,836	36,044
Gross Unrealized Gains / Losses, Available-for-sale securities
Gross unrealized gains, 1 to 5 years	33	36
Gross unrealized gains, over 10 years	1,365	774
Gross unrealized losses, 1 to 5 years	0	0
Gross unrealized losses, over 10 years	0	0
Fair Value, Available-for-sale securities
Fair value, 1 to 5 years	1,502	1,497
Fair value, over 10 years	$ 37,201	$ 36,818
Yield, Available-for-sale securities
Yield, 1 to 5 years	0.00%	0.00%
Yield, over 10 years	5.40%	5.40%
Agency pass-through certificates
Amortized Cost, Available-for-sale securities
Amortized cost, without single maturity date	$ 833,814	$ 929,713
Gross Unrealized Gains / Losses, Available-for-sale securities
Gross unrealized gains, without single maturity date	35,980	39,166
Gross unrealized losses, without single maturity date	(1,583)	(627)
Fair Value, Available-for-sale securities
Fair value, without single maturity date	$ 868,211	$ 968,252
Yield, Available-for-sale securities
Yield, without single maturity date	2.72%	2.82%
Amortized Cost, Held-to-maturity securities
Held-to-maturity securities, amortized cost	$ 581,313	$ 698,934
Gross Unrealized Gains / Losses, Held-to-maturity securities
Held-to-maturity securities, gross unrealized gains	19,309	21,582
Held-to-maturity securities, gross unrealized losses	0	0
Fair Value, Held-to-maturity securities
Held-to-maturity securities, fair value	$ 600,622	$ 720,516
Yield, Held-to-maturity securities
Held-to-maturity securities, yield	3.16%	3.16%
Commercial MBS
Amortized Cost, Held-to-maturity securities
Held-to-maturity securities, amortized cost	$ 5,557	$ 6,904
Gross Unrealized Gains / Losses, Held-to-maturity securities
Held-to-maturity securities, gross unrealized gains	0	0
Held-to-maturity securities, gross unrealized losses	(4)	(52)
Fair Value, Held-to-maturity securities
Held-to-maturity securities, fair value	$ 5,553	$ 6,852
Yield, Held-to-maturity securities
Held-to-maturity securities, yield	1.02%	1.02%

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Fair Value Measurements - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Jan. 01, 2020
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Held-to-maturity securities, at amortized cost	$ 586,870,000		$ 705,838,000
Available-for-sale, at amortized cost	2,431,874,000		2,210,099,000
Available-for-sale securities purchased	379,760,000	$ 82,028,000
Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities	0	0
Held-to-maturity securities purchased	0	0
Proceeds from sale of held-to-maturity securities	$ 0	$ 0
Term of contractual due dates of substantially all mortgage-backed securities (in years)	10 years
Accrued interest for available-for-sale securities	$ 3,997,000		3,285,000
Accrued interest for held-to-maturity securities	1,506,000		$ 1,811,000
Mortgage-backed securities | Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Held-to-maturity securities, at amortized cost				$ (374,680,000)
Available-for-sale, at amortized cost				$ 374,680,000
Consumer loans | Single-family residential
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Foreclosed residential real estate properties held as REO	528,000
Real estate acquired through foreclosure	$ 2,214,000

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Fair Value Measurements - Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) security	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($) security
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Number of debt securities with unrealized loss | security	33	51
Available-for-sale securities
Less than 12 months, unrealized gross losses	$ (1,745)	$ (5,833)
12 months or more, unrealized gross losses	(2,108)	(3,781)
Total unrealized gross losses	(3,853)	(9,614)
Less than 12 months, fair value	317,909	675,518
12 months or more, fair value	195,084	285,161
Total, fair value	512,993	960,679
Held-to-maturity securities
Less than 12 months, unrealized gross losses	(4)	(52)
12 months or more, unrealized gross losses	0	0
Total unrealized gross losses	(4)	(52)
Less than 12 months, fair value	5,553	6,853
12 months or more, fair value	0	0
Total, fair value	5,553	6,853
Less than 12 months, unrealized gross losses	(1,749)	(5,885)
12 months or more, unrealized gross losses	(2,108)	(3,781)
Total unrealized gross losses	(3,857)	(9,666)
Less than 12 months, fair value	323,462	682,371
12 months or more, fair value	195,084	285,161
Total fair value	518,546	967,532
Corporate debt securities
Available-for-sale securities
Less than 12 months, unrealized gross losses	(173)	(74)
12 months or more, unrealized gross losses	0	(405)
Total unrealized gross losses	(173)	(479)
Less than 12 months, fair value	45,811	45,875
12 months or more, fair value	0	24,596
Total, fair value	45,811	70,471
Asset-backed securities
Available-for-sale securities
Less than 12 months, unrealized gross losses	(398)	(5,481)
12 months or more, unrealized gross losses	(1,699)	(3,027)
Total unrealized gross losses	(2,097)	(8,508)
Less than 12 months, fair value	219,539	587,746
12 months or more, fair value	141,478	204,369
Total, fair value	361,017	792,115
Mortgage-backed securities
Available-for-sale securities
Less than 12 months, unrealized gross losses	(1,174)	(278)
12 months or more, unrealized gross losses	(409)	(349)
Total unrealized gross losses	(1,583)	(627)
Less than 12 months, fair value	52,559	41,897
12 months or more, fair value	53,606	56,196
Total, fair value	$ 106,165	$ 98,093

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Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Summary of Fair Value, Notional Amount and Balance Sheet Classification (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
Other assets
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Notional amount	$ 2,137,633	$ 656,074
Derivative assets, fair value	38,568	48,201
Other liabilities
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Notional amount	1,228,551	2,849,390
Derivative liabilities, fair value	55,792	90,129
Client swap program hedges | Other assets
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Notional amount	637,633	656,074
Derivative assets, fair value	35,825	48,201
Client swap program hedges | Other liabilities
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Notional amount	637,633	656,074
Derivative liabilities, fair value	35,825	48,201
Commercial loan fair value hedges | Other assets
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Notional amount	0	0
Derivative assets, fair value	0	0
Commercial loan fair value hedges | Other liabilities
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Notional amount	90,918	93,316
Derivative liabilities, fair value	7,508	8,492
Mortgage loan fair value hedges | Other assets
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Notional amount	0	0
Derivative assets, fair value	0	0
Mortgage loan fair value hedges | Other liabilities
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Notional amount	500,000	500,000
Derivative liabilities, fair value	12,459	16,061
Borrowings cash flow hedges | Other assets
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Notional amount	1,500,000	0
Derivative assets, fair value	2,743	0
Borrowings cash flow hedges | Other liabilities
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Notional amount	0	1,600,000
Derivative liabilities, fair value	$ 0	$ 17,375

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Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Impact of Fair Value Hedge Accounting on the Carrying Value of the Hedged Items (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Carrying value of hedged items	$ 2,242,120	$ 2,562,765
Cumulative gain (loss) fair value hedge adjustment included in carrying amount of hedged items	20,208	24,664
Loans Receivable
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Carrying value of hedged items	2,242,120	2,562,765
Cumulative gain (loss) fair value hedge adjustment included in carrying amount of hedged items	20,208	24,664
Mortgage loan fair value hedges
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Cumulative gain (loss) fair value hedge adjustment included in carrying amount of hedged items	12,515	16,049
Amortized cost basis of the hedged loans	500,000
Mortgage loan fair value hedges | Loans Receivable
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Carrying value of hedged items	2,143,675	2,461,008
Commercial loan fair value hedges
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Cumulative gain (loss) fair value hedge adjustment included in carrying amount of hedged items	7,693	8,615
Commercial loan fair value hedges | Loans Receivable
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Carrying value of hedged items	$ 98,445	$ 101,757

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Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Minimum
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative, maturities	1 year
Maximum
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative, maturities	9 years
Weighted average
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative, maturities	6 years 9 months 18 days
Cash flow hedging
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional amount of derivative terminated	$ 100,000
Effective interest rate of derivative terminated	1.39%

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Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Impact of Derivative Instruments on AOCI (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Derivative [Line Items]
Total pre-tax gain/(loss) recognized in AOCI	$ 20,118	$ 3,115
Pay fixed/receive floating swaps on borrowings cash flow hedges
Derivative [Line Items]
Total pre-tax gain/(loss) recognized in AOCI	$ 20,118	$ 3,115

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Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Gains/(Losses) on Derivative Instruments in Fair Value and Cash Flow Accounting Hedging Relationships (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Interest income on loans receivable	$ 133,671	$ 142,146
Interest expense on FHLB advances	(13,198)	(13,658)
Interest rate contracts | Interest income on loans receivable | Fair value hedging
Gain/(loss) on fair value hedging relationships:
Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives	(1,541)	(7)
Recognized on derivatives	4,587	4,692
Recognized on hedged items	(4,456)	(4,593)
Net income/(expense) recognized on fair value hedges	(1,410)	92
Interest rate contracts | Interest expense on FHLB advances | Cash flow hedging
Gain/(loss) on cash flow hedging relationships:
Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives	3,597	(214)
Amount of derivative gain/(loss) reclassified from AOCI into interest income/expense	0	0
Net income/(expense) recognized on cash flow hedges	$ 3,597	$ (214)

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Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Impact of Client Swap Program that are Not Designated in Accounting Hedges (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Client swap program hedges
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments, gain (loss), net	$ 0	$ 0
Other noninterest income | Pay fixed/receive floating swap
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments, gain (loss), net	12,376	5,408
Other noninterest income | Receive fixed/pay floating swap
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments, gain (loss), net	$ (12,376)	$ (5,408)

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Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Additional Information (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue streams percentage, contract with customer	5.40%	4.40%

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Commitment and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans in process	$ 1,679,972	$ 1,456,072
Off-Balance Sheet, Credit Loss, Liability	26,500	25,000
Financing Receivable
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans in process	$ 3,011,286	$ 2,738,095

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Label	Element	Value
Accounting Standards Update [Extensible List]	us-gaap_AccountingStandardsUpdateExtensibleList	us-gaap:AccountingStandardsUpdate201613Member