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Property, Plant, and Equipment
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
Property, Plant, and Equipment PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT
The following is a summary of Property, plant, and equipment by classification as of December 31:
20242023
Property, plant, and equipment(In millions)
DTE Electric
Distribution$14,995 $13,673 
Dispatchable generation8,428 7,969 
Renewable generation3,933 3,074 
Other3,445 3,220 
Total DTE Electric30,801 27,936 
DTE Gas
Distribution6,334 5,838 
Transmission1,212 1,132 
Storage586 578 
Other500 481 
Total DTE Gas8,632 8,029 
DTE Vantage1,135 1,075 
Other272 234 
Total DTE Energy$40,840 $37,274 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization
DTE Electric
Distribution$(3,513)$(3,205)
Dispatchable generation(2,146)(1,872)
Renewable generation(615)(524)
Other(1,130)(969)
Total DTE Electric(7,404)(6,570)
DTE Gas
Distribution(1,319)(1,365)
Transmission(278)(300)
Storage(138)(132)
Other(210)(193)
Total DTE Gas(1,945)(1,990)
DTE Vantage(520)(479)
Other(78)(66)
Total DTE Energy$(9,947)$(9,105)
Net DTE Energy Property, plant, and equipment$30,893 $28,169 
Net DTE Electric Property, plant, and equipment$23,397 $21,366 
AFUDC and Capitalized Interest
AFUDC represents the cost of financing construction projects for regulated businesses, including the estimated cost of debt and authorized return on equity. The debt component is recorded as a reduction to Interest expense and the equity component is recorded as Other income on the Registrants' Consolidated Statements of Operations. Non-regulated businesses record capitalized interest as a reduction to Interest expense.
The AFUDC and capitalized interest rates were as follows for the years ended December 31:
202420232022
DTE Electric AFUDC5.56 %5.53 %5.46 %
DTE Gas AFUDC5.45 %5.41 %5.41 %
Non-regulated businesses capitalized interest4.25 %3.00 %3.00 %
The following is a summary of AFUDC and interest capitalized for the years ended December 31:
202420232022
DTE Energy(In millions)
Allowance for debt funds used during construction and interest capitalized$36 $20 $13 
Allowance for equity funds used during construction86 42 29 
Total$122 $62 $42 
202420232022
DTE Electric(In millions)
Allowance for debt funds used during construction$34 $15 $11 
Allowance for equity funds used during construction84 40 26 
Total$118 $55 $37 
Depreciation and Amortization
The composite depreciation rate for DTE Electric was approximately 4.2% in 2024, 4.4% in 2023, and 4.2% in 2022. The composite depreciation rate for DTE Gas was 2.9% in 2024, 2023, and 2022. The average estimated useful life for each major class of utility Property, plant, and equipment as of December 31, 2024 follows:
Estimated Useful Lives in Years
UtilityDistributionGenerationTransmissionStorage
DTE Electric3832N/AN/A
DTE Gas55N/A6760
The estimated useful lives for DTE Electric's Other utility assets range from 3 to 45 years, while the estimated useful lives for DTE Gas' Other utility assets range from 3 to 39 years. The estimated useful lives for major classes of DTE Energy's non-utility assets and facilities range from 3 to 50 years.
The following is a summary of Depreciation and amortization expense for DTE Energy:
202420232022
(In millions)
Property, plant, and equipment$1,316 $1,239 $1,148 
Regulatory assets and liabilities394 344 297 
Intangible assets16 15 16 
Other6 8 7 
$1,732 $1,606 $1,468 
The following is a summary of Depreciation and amortization expense for DTE Electric:
202420232022
(In millions)
Property, plant, and equipment$1,089 $1,029 $951 
Regulatory assets and liabilities338 292 248 
Other5 5 5 
$1,432 $1,326 $1,204 
Capitalized Software
Capitalized software costs are classified as Property, plant, and equipment and the related amortization is included in Accumulated depreciation and amortization on the Registrants' Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The Registrants capitalize the costs associated with computer software developed or obtained for use in their businesses. The Registrants amortize capitalized software costs on a straight-line basis over the expected period of benefit, ranging from 3 to 15 years for both DTE Energy and DTE Electric.
The following balances for capitalized software relate to DTE Energy:
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
(In millions)
Amortization expense of capitalized software$192 $189 $159 
Gross carrying value of capitalized software$1,005 $940 
Accumulated amortization of capitalized software$476 $427 
The following balances for capitalized software relate to DTE Electric:
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
(In millions)
Amortization expense of capitalized software$175 $172 $146 
Gross carrying value of capitalized software$910 $849 
Accumulated amortization of capitalized software$414 $369