Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets and Liabilities

During the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, no impairment losses related to goodwill were incurred. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, there were no accumulated impairment losses related to goodwill.

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill were as follows (in millions):



	December 31, 2015		December 31, 2014
Beginning balance	$	14,819	$	14,819
Additions	26		—
Ending balance	$	14,845	$	14,819

In July 2015, BNSF Logistics, LLC, a wholly-owned, third-party logistics company, made an immaterial acquisition of a company. During 2015, the Company completed the acquisition valuation resulting in the recognition of $26 million in goodwill.

Intangible assets and liabilities were as follows (in millions):



	As of December 31, 2015				As of December 31, 2014
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
Intangible assets	$	660	$	192	$	2,031	$	1,519
Intangible liabilities	$	1,403	$	736	$	2,056	$	1,274

As of December 31, 2015, intangible assets primarily consisted of franchise and customer assets. At December 31, 2014, intangible assets also included internally developed software that became fully amortized in the first quarter of 2015. Intangible liabilities primarily consisted of customer and shortline contracts which were in an unfavorable position at the date of Merger.

Amortizable intangible assets and liabilities are amortized based on the estimated pattern in which the economic benefits are expected to be consumed or on a straight-line basis over their estimated economic lives.

Amortization of intangible assets and liabilities was as follows (in millions):



	December 31, 2015		December 31, 2014
Amortization of intangible assets	$	58	$	310
Amortization of intangible liabilities	$	115	$	179

Amortization of intangible assets and liabilities for the next five years is expected to approximate the following (in millions):



	Amortization of intangible assets		Amortization of intangible liabilities
2016	$	39	$	101
2017	$	36	$	96
2018	$	33	$	90
2019	$	31	$	27
2020	$	31	$	26