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Taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Taxes [Abstract]  
Taxes
(7) Taxes:

The Company uses the estimated annual effective tax rate method for calculating its tax provision in interim periods, which represents the Company’s best estimate of the effective tax rate expected for the full year based on projected annual taxable income (loss).  The effective tax rate can fluctuate throughout the year because estimates used in the quarterly tax provision are updated as more information becomes available throughout the year.

The effective federal tax rate on consolidated loss for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was 11.9% compared to 21.8% on consolidated income for the three months ended March 31, 2019.  The pre-tax loss for the three months ended March 31, 2020 makes these interim period effective tax rates less comparable year over year.  The difference in the effective federal income tax rate from the normal statutory rate was primarily related to the recording of a valuation allowance in the current period on our deferred tax assets discussed below, in addition to the effects of tax-exempt investment income and the dividends received deduction.

In assessing the valuation of deferred tax assets, the Company considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income or availability to carryback the losses to taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible.  The Company considered several factors when analyzing the need for a valuation allowance including the Company's current three year cumulative loss through March 31, 2020, the increase in deferred tax assets due to the adoption of CECL at January 1, 2020 discussed in Note 1, the change in unrealized gains and losses and the loss of a high taxable income year from the carryback period.  The three year cumulative loss limits the Company's ability to use projected income beyond 2020 in the analysis.  Based on this analysis, the Company has concluded that a valuation allowance is necessary for its deferred tax assets not supported by either carryback availability or future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences and recorded a valuation allowance of $4,929 for the three months ended March 31, 2020, of which $2,306 was recorded in the condensed consolidated statement of operations and the balance was recorded in shareholders' equity within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).  The Company recognized this allowance entirely in the first quarter of 2020 as it relates to realized and unrealized capital losses during the quarter that are treated as a discrete item.

As of March 31, 2020, the Company's calendar years 2018, 2017 and 2016 remain subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service.