Restructuring and Integration Expenses

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Restructuring and Integration Expenses [Abstract]

3. Restructuring and Integration Expenses

The aggregated liabilities included in “sundry payables and accrued expenses” and “other accrued liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheet relating to the restructuring and integration activities as of and for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Workforce Reduction			Other Exit Costs			Total
Exit activity liability at December 31, 2021	$	79		$	—		$	79
Restructuring and integration costs:
Amounts provided for during 2022 (1)		1,521			370			1,891
Cash payments		(16	)		(144	)		(160	)
Reclassification of environmental and other liabilities		(63	)		(226	)		(289	)
Exit activity liability at December 31, 2022	$	1,521		$	—		$	1,521
Restructuring and integration costs:
Amounts provided for during 2023 (1) (2)		1,973			669			2,642
Cash payments		(1,803	)		(577	)		(2,380	)
Reclassification of environmental liability		—			(92	)		(92	)
Foreign currency exchange rate changes		38			—			38
Exit activity liability at December 31, 2023	$	1,729		$	—		$	1,729

(1)

Included in restructuring and integration costs in 2023 and 2022 is a $0.1 million and $0.2 million increase, respectively, in environmental cleanup costs related to ongoing monitoring and remediation in connection with the prior closure of our manufacturing operations at our Long Island City, New York location. The environmental liability has been reclassed to accrued liabilities as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

(2)

Restructuring and integration expenses incurred during the year ended December 31, 2023 consist of $1.3 million in our Vehicle Control segment, $1.1 million in our Temperature Control segment and $0.2 million in our Engineered Solutions segment.

Restructuring Costs

Cost Reduction Initiative

During the fourth quarter of 2022, to further our ongoing efforts to improve operating efficiencies and reduce costs, we announced plans for a reduction in our sales force, and initiated plans to relocate certain product lines from our Independence, Kansas manufacturing facility and from our St. Thomas, Canada manufacturing facility to our manufacturing facilities in Reynosa, Mexico.

Total restructuring expenses related to the initiative of approximately $2.5 million and $1.5 million were incurred during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Expenses for the year ended December 31, 2023 consist of (1) expenses of approximately $0.7 million related to a further sales force reduction, (2) expenses of approximately $1.3 million of employee severance and bonuses related to our product line relocations, and (3) expenses of approximately $0.5 million related to the relocation of machinery and equipment to our manufacturing facilities in Reynosa, Mexico. Expenses for the year ended December 31, 2022 consist of (1) expenses of approximately $0.9 million related to our sales force reduction, and (2) expenses of approximately $0.6 million consisting of employee severance related to our product line relocations. Cash payments made under the initiative were $2.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2023. Additional restructuring costs related to the initiative, and expected to be incurred, are approximately $0.5 million. We anticipate that the Cost Reduction Initiative will be completed by the end of the second quarter of 2024.

Plant Rationalization Programs

The 2016 Plant Rationalization Program, which included the shutdown and sale of our Grapevine, Texas facility, and the 2017 Orlando Rationalization Program, which included the shutdown of our Orlando, Florida facility, have been completed. Cash payments made of $16,000 during the year ended December 31, 2022 consist of severance payments to former employees terminated in connection with these programs. There is no remaining aggregate liability related to these programs as of December 31, 2022.

Integration Costs

Particulate Matter Sensor (“Soot Sensor”) Product Line Relocation

In connection with our acquisitions in March 2021 and November 2021 of certain soot sensor product lines from Stoneridge, Inc., we incurred certain integration expenses in connection with the relocation of certain inventory, machinery, and equipment from Stoneridge’s facilities in Lexington, Ohio and Tallinn, Estonia to our existing facilities in Independence, Kansas and Bialystok, Poland, respectively. Integration expenses recognized and cash payments made of $144,000 during the year ended December 31, 2022 related to these relocation activities.The soot sensor product line relocation has been completed and there is no remaining aggregate liability related to the soot sensor product line relocation as of December 31, 2022.