On August 30, 2022, the Company's wholly-owned subsidiary Albion Laboratories, Inc. ("Albion") entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement, and closed on such transaction with Cardinal Associates Inc. ("Cardinal"), a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Washington, pursuant to which Albion acquired 100% of the voting equity interests of Cardinal and its Bergstrom Nutrition business (collectively, "Bergstrom"). Bergstrom Nutrition is a leading science-based manufacturer of MSM, based in Vancouver, Washington. MSM is a widely used nutritional ingredient with strong scientific evidence supporting its benefits for joint health, sports nutrition, skin and beauty, healthy aging, and pet health. The addition of OptiMSM®, Bergstrom Nutrition's MSM brand, to the Company's portfolio within the Human Nutrition and Health and Animal Nutrition and Health segments provides a synergistic scientific advantage in Balchem's key strategic therapeutic focus areas such as longevity and performance and is a strong fit with Balchem's specialty, science-backed mineral products.

The Company made payments of $70,892 for the acquisition, amounting to $70,686 to the former shareholders or on behalf of the former shareholders and $206 to pay off Bergstrom's bank debt. Net of cash acquired of $773, total payments made to the former shareholders or on behalf of the former shareholders of Bergstrom were $69,913. The acquisition was primarily financed through the 2022 Credit Agreement (see Note 8, Revolving Loan). In connection with this transaction, the former shareholders of Bergstrom have an opportunity to receive an additional payment in 2024 if certain financial performance targets and other metrics are met, and therefore the Company recorded a contingent consideration liability, which was valued at $11,400 as of December 31, 2022. As a result, total payments related to the transaction are expected to be $82,292, comprised of the upfront cash consideration of $70,892 and the fair value of the earn-out payment of $11,400.

The goodwill of $31,209 that arose on the acquisition date consists largely of expected synergies, including the combined entities' experience and technical problem-solving capabilities, and acquired workforce. 80% of the goodwill is assigned to the Human Nutrition and Health business segment and 20% of the goodwill is assigned to the Animal Nutrition and Health business segment. For tax purposes, a joint election under 338(h)(10) was made to treat the stock acquisition as a deemed asset acquisition, therefore generating tax amortizable goodwill.


Cash and cash equivalents	$	773
Accounts receivable	4,699
Inventories	3,972
Property, plant and equipment	2,243
Right of use assets	866
Customer relationships	29,900
Developed technology	4,600
Trademarks	2,300
Other assets	197
Accounts payable	(699)
Other current liabilities	(462)
Bank debt	(206)
Lease liabilities	(871)
Goodwill	31,209
Total consideration on acquisition date	78,521
Increase to contingent consideration liability	3,565
Total expected consideration	82,086
To pay off bank debt	206
Total expected payments	$	82,292

The estimated fair value of tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed is based on management’s estimates and assumptions, which are subject to change. In preparing our preliminary fair value estimates of the intangible assets and certain tangible assets acquired, management, among other things, consulted an independent advisor. Valuation methods utilized include net realizable value for inventory, multi-period excess earnings method for customer relationships, the relief from royalty method for other intangible assets, and a scenario-based approach for the contingent consideration. The Company made certain measurement period adjustments based on changes in facts and circumstances as of the acquisition date, which resulted in an increase in the value of intangible assets of $3,300 and a decrease in property, plant and equipment and goodwill of $457 and $2,851, respectively. The purchase price and related allocation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is preliminary pending final working capital true-up negotiations with the sellers.

Customer relationships are amortized over a 15-year period utilizing a percentage of excess earnings over economic life method. The corporate trademark and product trademarks are amortized over 2 years and 10 years, respectively, and developed technology is amortized over 12 years, utilizing the straight-line method as the consumption pattern of the related economic benefits cannot be reliably determined.

Transaction and integration costs related to the Bergstrom acquisition are included in general and administrative expenses and were $1,039 for the year ended December 31, 2022. There were no such amounts related to this acquisition for years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

On June 21, 2022, Balchem Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Balchem B.V., completed the acquisition of Kechu BidCo AS and its subsidiary companies, including Kappa Bioscience AS, a leading science-based manufacturer of specialty vitamin K2 for the human nutrition industry, headquartered in Oslo, Norway (all acquired companies collectively referred to as “Kappa”). Kappa manufactures specialty vitamin K2, a fast-growing specialty vitamin that plays a crucial role in the human body for bone health, heart health and immunity. Primarily, vitamin K2 supports the transport and distribution of calcium in the body. Vitamin K2 is important at all life stages, from pregnancy and early life to healthy aging. The acquisition strengthens the Company's scientific and technical expertise, geographic reach, and marketplace leadership, which should ultimately lead to accelerated growth for the Company's portfolios within the Human Nutrition and Health segment.

The Company made payments of approximately kr3,305,653 ("kr" indicates the Norwegian krone), amounting to approximately kr3,001,981 to the former shareholders and approximately kr303,672 to Kappa's lenders to pay off all Kappa bank debt. Net of cash acquired of kr63,064, total payments to the former shareholders were kr2,938,917. Net of gains on foreign currency forward contracts of $512 (see Note 20, Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities), these payments translated to approximately $333,112, amounting to approximately $302,464 paid to the former shareholders and approximately $30,648 to Kappa's lenders. Net of cash acquired of $6,365, total payments made to the former shareholders of Kappa were approximately $296,099. The acquisition was primarily financed through the 2018 Credit Agreement (see Note 8, Revolving Loan). In connection with this transaction, the former shareholders of Kappa have an opportunity to receive an additional payment in 2024 if certain financial performance targets and other metrics are met. There was no contingent consideration liability recorded as of December 31, 2022.

The goodwill of $216,295 that arose on the acquisition date consists largely of expected synergies, including the combined entities' experience and technical problem-solving capabilities, and acquired workforce. The goodwill is assigned to the Human Nutrition and Health business segment and is not deductible for income tax purposes.

The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The transactions were completed in Norwegian kroner ("NOK") and the amounts were translated to U.S. dollars ("USD") using the foreign currency exchange rate as of June 21, 2022.


Cash and cash equivalents	$	6,365
Accounts receivable	8,036
Inventories	17,600
Property, plant and equipment	9,854
Right of use assets	3,349
Customer relationships	88,813
Developed technology	15,643
Trademarks	5,046
Other assets	2,399
Accounts payable	(3,301)
Bank debt	(30,648)
Lease liabilities	(3,349)
Other liabilities	(4,373)
Deferred income taxes, net	(24,716)
Goodwill	216,295
Total consideration on acquisition date	307,013
Decrease to contingent consideration liability	(4,037)
Net gain on foreign currency exchange forward contracts	(512)
Total expected consideration	302,464
Kappa bank debt paid on acquisition date	30,648
Total expected payments	$	333,112

The estimated fair value of tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed is based on management’s estimates and assumptions, which are subject to change. In preparing our preliminary fair value estimates of the intangible assets and certain tangible assets acquired, management, among other things, consulted an independent advisor. Valuation methods utilized include net realizable value for inventory, multi-period excess earnings method for customer relationships, the relief from royalty method for other intangible assets, and a scenario-based approach for the contingent consideration. The Company made certain measurement period adjustments based on changes in facts and circumstances as of the acquisition date, which resulted in a decrease in the value of intangible assets, contingent consideration, and deferred income tax liabilities of $28,264, $20,250, and $4,411, respectively, and an increase in goodwill of $3,704. The purchase price and related allocation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is preliminary pending management's final review of deferred tax liabilities related to certain non-deductible assets.

Transaction and integration costs related to the Kappa acquisition are included in general and administrative expenses and was $1,731 for year ended December 31, 2022. There were no such amounts related to this acquisition for year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.


	Twelve Months ended December 31,
	Net Sales		Net Earnings
Kappa & Bergstrom actual results included in the Company's consolidated income statement in 2022	$	22,158	$	(5,359)

2022 Supplemental pro forma combined financial	$	982,021	$	110,181

2021 Supplemental pro forma combined financial	$	859,252	$	90,672

The above selected unaudited pro forma information includes the following acquisition-related adjustments: (1) additional amortization of intangible assets and depreciation of fixed assets; (2) adjustments related to the fair value of the acquired inventory, (3) adjustments to interest expense on borrowings at rates in effect during the related period, factoring in estimated payments based on free cash flow, and (4) other one-time adjustments.

The pro forma information presented does not purport to be indicative of the results that actually would have been attained if these acquisitions had occurred at the beginning of the periods presented and is not intended to be a projection of future results.