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Acquisitions and Discontinued Operations
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Business Combinations [Abstract]  
Acquisitions and Discontinued Operations
ACQUISITIONS AND DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
Acquisitions
Good Karma — On May 4, 2017, we acquired a non-controlling interest in, and entered into a distribution agreement with, Good Karma Foods, Inc. ("Good Karma"), the leading producer of flax-based beverages and yogurt products. This investment allows us to diversify our portfolio to include plant-based dairy alternatives and provides Good Karma the ability to more rapidly expand distribution across the U.S., as well as increase investments in brand building and product innovation.
On June 29, 2018, we increased our ownership interest in Good Karma to 67% with an additional investment of $15.0 million, resulting in control under acquisition method accounting. The acquisition was accounted for as a step-acquisition within a business combination. Our equity interest in Good Karma was remeasured to fair value of $9.0 million, resulting in a non-taxable gain of $2.3 million which was recognized during the year ended December 31, 2018, and is included in other operating income in our Consolidated Statements of Operation.
The aggregate fair value purchase price was $35.7 million. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the acquisition have been recorded at their fair values and include identifiable intangible assets of $13.6 million, of which $10.7 million relates to an indefinite-lived trademark and $2.9 million relates to customer relationships that are subject to amortization over a period of 10 years.
We recorded goodwill of $23.3 million in connection with the acquisition, which consists of the excess of the net purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired. This goodwill represents the expected value attributable to our expansion into the plant-based dairy alternatives category. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes. As a result of our goodwill impairment analysis completed during the fourth quarter of 2018, we wrote off this goodwill as part of our full goodwill impairment charge of $190.7 million. See Note 7. We recorded the fair-value of the non-controlling interest in Good Karma of $11.8 million in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The acquisition was funded through cash on hand. The pro forma impact of the acquisition on consolidated net earnings would not have materially changed reported net earnings. Good Karma's results of operations have been consolidated in our Consolidated Statements of Operations from the date of acquisition.
Prior to the June 29, 2018 step-acquisition, we accounted for our investment in Good Karma under the equity method of accounting based on our ability to exercise significant influence over the investee through our ownership interest and representation on Good Karma's board of directors. Our equity in the earnings of this investment was not material to our Consolidated Financial Statements for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.
On October 12, 2018, we made a capital contribution to Good Karma of $3 million. Our current ownership interest in Good Karma is 69%.
Uncle Matt's Organic On June 22, 2017, we completed the acquisition of Uncle Matt's Organic, Inc. ("Uncle Matt's"). Uncle Matt's is a leading organic juice company offering a wide range of organic juices, including probiotic-infused juices and fruit-infused waters. The total purchase price was $22.0 million. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the acquisition have been recorded at their fair values and include identifiable intangible assets of $8.4 million, of which $6.6 million relates to an indefinite-lived trademark and $1.8 million relates to customer relationships that are subject to amortization over a period of 10 years.
We recorded goodwill of $13.3 million in connection with the acquisition, which consists of the excess of the net purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired. This goodwill represents the expected value attributable to our expansion into the organic juice category. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes. As a result of our goodwill impairment analysis completed during the fourth quarter of 2018, we wrote off this goodwill as part of our full goodwill impairment charge of $190.7 million. See Note 7.
The acquisition was funded through a combination of cash on hand and borrowings under our receivables securitization facility. The pro forma impact of the acquisition on consolidated net earnings would not have materially changed reported net earnings. Uncle Matt's results of operations have been included in our Consolidated Statements of Operations from the date of acquisition.
Friendly's On June 20, 2016, we completed the acquisition of Friendly’s Ice Cream Holdings Corp. (“Friendly’s Holdings”), including its wholly-owned subsidiary, Friendly’s Manufacturing and Retail, LLC (“Friendly’s Manufacturing,” and together with Friendly’s Holdings, “Friendly’s”), the Friendly’s® trademark and all intellectual property associated with the ice cream business. Friendly’s develops, produces, manufactures, markets, distributes and sells ice cream and other frozen dessert-related products, as well as toppings. The total purchase price was $158.2 million. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the acquisition have been recorded at their fair values and include identifiable intangible assets of $81.7 million, of which $29.7 million relates to customer relationships that are subject to amortization over a period of 15 years. Additionally, we assumed an unfavorable lease contract with a fair value of $5.4 million, which will be amortized as a reduction of rent expense over the term of the lease agreement.
We recorded goodwill of $67.3 million in connection with the acquisition, which consists of the excess of the net purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired. This goodwill represents the expected value attributable to an anticipated increased competitive position in the ice cream market in the Northeastern United States. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes. As a result of our goodwill impairment analysis completed during the fourth quarter of 2018, we recorded a full goodwill impairment charge of $190.7 million. See Note 7.
The acquisition was funded through a combination of cash on hand and borrowings under our senior secured revolving credit facility and receivables securitization facility. Friendly's results of operations have been included in our Consolidated Statements of Operations from the date of acquisition.
During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, we incurred an immaterial amount of expense related to other transactional activities, which is recorded in general and administrative expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Discontinued Operations
During the year ended December 31, 2018, we recognized a net gain from the sale of discontinued operations of $1.9 million, net of tax, resulting from a tax refund received from the settlement of a state tax claim related to our 2013 sale of Morningstar Foods, LLC. Additionally, we recognized a gain from the sale of discontinued operations of $3.0 million, net of tax, primarily related to the release of an uncertain tax position reserve concerning a state filing methodology issue in connection with the sale of Morningstar Foods, LLC.
During the year ended December 31, 2017, we recognized net gains from discontinued operations of $11.3 million due to the lapse of a statute of limitation related to an unrecognized tax benefit previously established as a direct result of the spin-off of The WhiteWave Foods Company, which was completed on May 23, 2013. During the year ended December 31, 2017, we recognized net gains from the sale of discontinued operations of $2.9 million primarily related to the lapse of the statute of limitations related to unrecognized tax benefits previously established related to the sale of Morningstar Foods, LLC, which was completed on January 3, 2013.
During the year ended December 31, 2016, we recognized net losses from discontinued operations of $0.3 million and net losses on the sale of discontinued operations, net of tax, of $0.4 million, primarily related to interest expense on uncertain tax positions that we retained in connection with our spin-off of The WhiteWave Foods Company in 2013 and our sale of Morningstar Foods in 2013.