Asset-Backed Securities Issued

Through our Sequoia securitization program, we sponsor securitization transactions in which ABS backed by residential mortgage loans are issued by Sequoia entities. We consolidated the Legacy Sequoia securitizations entities, and beginning in September 2017, the Sequoia Choice securitization entities, that we determined were VIEs and for which we determined we were the primary beneficiary. Each consolidated securitization entity is independent of Redwood and of each other and the assets and liabilities are not owned by and are not legal obligations of Redwood. Our exposure to these entities is primarily through the financial interests we have retained, although we are exposed to certain financial risks associated with our role as a sponsor, servicing administrator, or depositor of these entities or as a result of our having sold assets directly or indirectly to these entities.

We account for the ABS issued under our consolidated Sequoia entities at fair value, with periodic changes in fair value recorded in Investment fair value changes, net on our consolidated statements of income. Pursuant to the CFE guidelines, the market valuation changes on our Sequoia loans are based on the estimated fair value of the associated ABS issued. The net impact to our income statement associated with our retained economic investment in the Sequoia securitization entities is presented in Note 5.

The ABS issued by these entities consist of various classes of securities that pay interest on a monthly or quarterly basis. All ABS issued by the Sequoia Choice entities pay fixed rates of interest and substantially all ABS issued by the Legacy Sequoia entities pay variable rates of interest, which are indexed to one-, three-, or six-month LIBOR. Some ABS issued by the Legacy Sequoia entities pay hybrid rates, which are fixed rates that subsequently adjust to variable rates. ABS issued also includes some interest-only classes with coupons set at a fixed spread to a benchmark rate, or set at a spread to the interest rates earned on the assets less the interest rates paid on the liabilities of a securitization entity.

The carrying values of ABS issued by Sequoia securitization entities we sponsored at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, along with other selected information, are summarized in the following table.

Table 12.1 – Asset-Backed Securities Issued



	December 31, 2017								December 31, 2016
(Dollars in Thousands)	Legacy Sequoia			Sequoia Choice		Total			Legacy Sequoia			Sequoia Choice			Total
Certificates with principal balance	$	691,125		$	526,657	$	1,217,782		$	880,517		$	—		$	880,517
Interest-only certificates	1,972			7,695		9,667			3,774			—			3,774
Market valuation adjustments	(70,652		)	7,788		(62,864		)	(110,829		)	—			(110,829		)
ABS Issued, Net	$	622,445		$	542,140	$	1,164,585		$	773,462		$	—		$	773,462
Range of weighted average interest rates, by series	1.46% to 2.78%			4.52% to 4.73%					0.74% to 2.23%			—		%
Stated maturities	2024 - 2036			2047					2024 - 2036			N/A
Number of series	20			2					20			—

The actual maturity of each class of ABS issued is primarily determined by the rate of principal prepayments on the assets of the issuing entity. Each series is also subject to redemption prior to the stated maturity according to the terms of the respective governing documents of each ABS issuing entity. As a result, the actual maturity of ABS issued may occur earlier than its stated maturity. At December 31, 2017, all of the ABS issued and outstanding had contractual maturities beyond five years.

At both December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, accrued interest payable on ABS issued by the Legacy Sequoia entities was $1 million. At December 31, 2017, accrued interest payable on ABS issued by the Sequoia Choice entities was $2 million. Interest due on consolidated ABS issued is payable monthly.

The following table summarizes the carrying value components of the collateral for ABS issued and outstanding at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

Table 12.2 – Collateral for Asset-Backed Securities Issued



	December 31, 2017						December 31, 2016
(In Thousands)	Legacy Sequoia		Sequoia Choice		Total		Legacy Sequoia		Sequoia Choice		Total
Residential loans	$	632,817	$	620,062	$	1,252,879	$	791,636	$	—	$	791,636
Restricted cash	147		4		151		148		—		148
Accrued interest receivable	867		2,524		3,391		1,000		—		1,000
REO	3,353		—		3,353		5,533		—		5,533
Total Collateral for ABS Issued	$	637,184	$	622,590	$	1,259,774	$	798,317	$	—	$	798,317