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Loans - Consumer Banking: Net Charge-Offs (Detail) (Consumer Banking, USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Losses [Line Items]    
Net charge-offs $ 675us-gaap_AllowanceForLoanAndLeaseLossesWriteoffsNet $ 616us-gaap_AllowanceForLoanAndLeaseLossesWriteoffsNet
Percentage annualized net charge-off by average loans held for investment 0.95%cof_PercentageAnnualizedNetChargeOffsbyAverageLoansHeldforInvestment 0.85%cof_PercentageAnnualizedNetChargeOffsbyAverageLoansHeldforInvestment
Percentage annualized net charge-off by average loans held for investment, excluding loans acquired (as percent) 1.49%cof_PercentageAnnualizedNetChargeOffsbyAverageLoansHeldforInvestmentExcludingLoansAcquiredImpact 1.51%cof_PercentageAnnualizedNetChargeOffsbyAverageLoansHeldforInvestmentExcludingLoansAcquiredImpact
Auto
   
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Losses [Line Items]    
Net charge-offs 619us-gaap_AllowanceForLoanAndLeaseLossesWriteoffsNet
/ cof_FinancingReceivablePortfolioSegmentAxis
= us-gaap_ConsumerPortfolioSegmentMember
/ us-gaap_FinancingReceivableRecordedInvestmentByClassOfFinancingReceivableAxis
= us-gaap_AutomobileLoanMember
546us-gaap_AllowanceForLoanAndLeaseLossesWriteoffsNet
/ cof_FinancingReceivablePortfolioSegmentAxis
= us-gaap_ConsumerPortfolioSegmentMember
/ us-gaap_FinancingReceivableRecordedInvestmentByClassOfFinancingReceivableAxis
= us-gaap_AutomobileLoanMember
Percentage annualized net charge-off by average loans held for investment 1.78%cof_PercentageAnnualizedNetChargeOffsbyAverageLoansHeldforInvestment
/ cof_FinancingReceivablePortfolioSegmentAxis
= us-gaap_ConsumerPortfolioSegmentMember
/ us-gaap_FinancingReceivableRecordedInvestmentByClassOfFinancingReceivableAxis
= us-gaap_AutomobileLoanMember
1.85%cof_PercentageAnnualizedNetChargeOffsbyAverageLoansHeldforInvestment
/ cof_FinancingReceivablePortfolioSegmentAxis
= us-gaap_ConsumerPortfolioSegmentMember
/ us-gaap_FinancingReceivableRecordedInvestmentByClassOfFinancingReceivableAxis
= us-gaap_AutomobileLoanMember
Home loan
   
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Losses [Line Items]    
Net charge-offs 17us-gaap_AllowanceForLoanAndLeaseLossesWriteoffsNet
/ cof_FinancingReceivablePortfolioSegmentAxis
= us-gaap_ConsumerPortfolioSegmentMember
/ us-gaap_FinancingReceivableRecordedInvestmentByClassOfFinancingReceivableAxis
= us-gaap_ResidentialMortgageMember
16us-gaap_AllowanceForLoanAndLeaseLossesWriteoffsNet
/ cof_FinancingReceivablePortfolioSegmentAxis
= us-gaap_ConsumerPortfolioSegmentMember
/ us-gaap_FinancingReceivableRecordedInvestmentByClassOfFinancingReceivableAxis
= us-gaap_ResidentialMortgageMember
Percentage annualized net charge-off by average loans held for investment 0.05%cof_PercentageAnnualizedNetChargeOffsbyAverageLoansHeldforInvestment
/ cof_FinancingReceivablePortfolioSegmentAxis
= us-gaap_ConsumerPortfolioSegmentMember
/ us-gaap_FinancingReceivableRecordedInvestmentByClassOfFinancingReceivableAxis
= us-gaap_ResidentialMortgageMember
0.04%cof_PercentageAnnualizedNetChargeOffsbyAverageLoansHeldforInvestment
/ cof_FinancingReceivablePortfolioSegmentAxis
= us-gaap_ConsumerPortfolioSegmentMember
/ us-gaap_FinancingReceivableRecordedInvestmentByClassOfFinancingReceivableAxis
= us-gaap_ResidentialMortgageMember
Percentage annualized net charge-off by average loans held for investment, excluding loans acquired (as percent) 0.24%cof_PercentageAnnualizedNetChargeOffsbyAverageLoansHeldforInvestmentExcludingLoansAcquiredImpact
/ cof_FinancingReceivablePortfolioSegmentAxis
= us-gaap_ConsumerPortfolioSegmentMember
/ us-gaap_FinancingReceivableRecordedInvestmentByClassOfFinancingReceivableAxis
= us-gaap_ResidentialMortgageMember
0.21%cof_PercentageAnnualizedNetChargeOffsbyAverageLoansHeldforInvestmentExcludingLoansAcquiredImpact
/ cof_FinancingReceivablePortfolioSegmentAxis
= us-gaap_ConsumerPortfolioSegmentMember
/ us-gaap_FinancingReceivableRecordedInvestmentByClassOfFinancingReceivableAxis
= us-gaap_ResidentialMortgageMember
Retail banking
   
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Losses [Line Items]    
Net charge-offs $ 39us-gaap_AllowanceForLoanAndLeaseLossesWriteoffsNet
/ cof_FinancingReceivablePortfolioSegmentAxis
= us-gaap_ConsumerPortfolioSegmentMember
/ us-gaap_FinancingReceivableRecordedInvestmentByClassOfFinancingReceivableAxis
= cof_RetailBankingMember
$ 54us-gaap_AllowanceForLoanAndLeaseLossesWriteoffsNet
/ cof_FinancingReceivablePortfolioSegmentAxis
= us-gaap_ConsumerPortfolioSegmentMember
/ us-gaap_FinancingReceivableRecordedInvestmentByClassOfFinancingReceivableAxis
= cof_RetailBankingMember
Percentage annualized net charge-off by average loans held for investment 1.07%cof_PercentageAnnualizedNetChargeOffsbyAverageLoansHeldforInvestment
/ cof_FinancingReceivablePortfolioSegmentAxis
= us-gaap_ConsumerPortfolioSegmentMember
/ us-gaap_FinancingReceivableRecordedInvestmentByClassOfFinancingReceivableAxis
= cof_RetailBankingMember
1.46%cof_PercentageAnnualizedNetChargeOffsbyAverageLoansHeldforInvestment
/ cof_FinancingReceivablePortfolioSegmentAxis
= us-gaap_ConsumerPortfolioSegmentMember
/ us-gaap_FinancingReceivableRecordedInvestmentByClassOfFinancingReceivableAxis
= cof_RetailBankingMember