Omnicell, Inc. was incorporated in California in 1992 under the name Omnicell Technologies, Inc. and reincorporated in Delaware in 2001 as Omnicell, Inc. The Company’s major products and related services are medication management solutions and adherence tools for healthcare systems and pharmacies, which are sold in its principal market, the healthcare industry. The Company’s market is primarily located in the United States and Europe. “Omnicell” or the “Company” refer to Omnicell, Inc. and its subsidiaries, collectively.

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. These estimates are based on historical experience and various other assumptions that management believes to be reasonable. Although these estimates are based on management’s best knowledge of current events and actions that may impact the Company in the future, actual results may be different from the estimates. The Company’s critical accounting policies are those that affect its financial statements materially and involve difficult, subjective, or complex judgments by management. Those policies are revenue recognition; allowance for credit losses for accounts receivable and unbilled receivables; notes receivable from investment in sales-type leases; operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities; inventory valuation; internal-use and external-use software development costs; impairment of goodwill; purchased intangibles and long-lived assets; fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations; share-based compensation; and accounting for income taxes. As of December 31, 2023, the Company is not aware of any events or circumstances that would require an update to its estimates, judgments, or revisions to the carrying value of its assets or liabilities.

The Company manages its operations as a single segment for the purposes of assessing performance and making operating decisions. The Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) is its Chief Executive Officer. The CODM allocates resources and evaluates the performance of the Company at the consolidated level using information about its revenues, gross profit, income from operations, and other key financial data. All significant operating decisions are based upon an analysis of the Company as one operating segment, which is the same as its reporting segment.

Most of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries use the local currency of their respective countries as their functional currency. The Company translates the assets and liabilities of such non-U.S. dollar functional currency subsidiaries into U.S. dollars using exchange rates in effect at the end of each period. Revenue and expenses for these subsidiaries are translated using rates that approximate those in effect during the period. Gains and losses from these translations are recorded as foreign currency translation adjustments and included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity.

Assets and liabilities denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are remeasured into the respective entity’s functional currency. Monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured at exchange rates in effect at the end of each period, and non-monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured at historical rates. Gains and losses from foreign currency remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities are recorded in interest and other income (expense), net.

Connected devices, software licenses, and other. Software-enabled connected devices and software licenses that manage and regulate the storage and dispensing of pharmaceuticals, consumables blister cards, and packaging equipment and other supplies. This revenue category is often sold through long-term, sole-source agreements. Solutions in this category include, but are not limited to, XT Series automated dispensing systems and products related to the Central Pharmacy Dispensing Service and IV Compounding Service.

Consumables. Medication adherence packaging, labeling, and other one-time use packaging including multimed adherence packaging and single dose blister cards, which are used by retail, community, and outpatient pharmacies, as well as by institutional pharmacies serving long-term care and other sites outside the acute care hospital, are designed to improve patient engagement and adherence to prescriptions.

Advanced Services. Emerging software and service solutions which are offered on a subscription basis with fees typically based either on transaction volume or a fee over a specified period of time. Solutions in this category include, but are not limited to, EnlivenHealth®, Specialty Pharmacy Services, 340B solutions, Inventory Optimization Service, other software solutions, and services related to the Central Pharmacy Dispensing Service and IV Compounding Service.

Revenue Category

Timing of Revenue Recognition

Income Statement Classification

Connected devices, software licenses, and other

Point in time, as transfer of control occurs, generally upon installation and acceptance by the customer

Product

Consumables

Point in time, as transfer of control occurs, generally upon shipment to or receipt by customer

Product

Technical services

Over time, as services are provided, typically ratably over the service term

Service

Advanced Services

Over time, as services are provided

Service

Parties to the contract have approved the contract (in writing, orally, or in accordance with other customary business practices) and are committed to perform their respective obligations. A majority of the Company’s contracts are evidenced by a non-cancelable written agreement. Contracts for consumable products are generally evidenced by an order placed via our online portal, phone, or a purchase order.

Distinct goods or services are identified as performance obligations. A series of distinct goods or services that are substantially the same and that have the same pattern of transfer to the customer are considered a single performance obligation. Where a good or service is determined not to be distinct, the Company combines the good or service with other promised goods or services until a bundle of goods or services that is distinct is identified. To identify its performance obligations, the Company considers all products or services promised in the contract regardless of whether they are explicitly stated or are implied by customary business practices. When performance obligations are included in separate contracts, the Company considers an entire customer arrangement to determine if separate contracts should be considered combined for the purposes of revenue recognition. Most of the Company’s sales, other than renewals of support and maintenance, contain multiple performance obligations, with a combination of hardware systems, software products, support and maintenance, and professional services.

The transaction price is allocated to separate performance obligations proportionally based on the standalone selling price of each performance obligation. Standalone selling price is best evidenced by the price the Company charges for the good or service when selling it separately in similar circumstances to similar customers. Other than for the renewal of annual technical services contracts, the Company’s products and services are not generally sold separately. The Company uses an amount discounted from the list price as a best estimated selling price.

The Company recognizes revenue when the performance obligation has been satisfied by transferring a promised good or service to a customer. The good or service is transferred when or as the customer obtains control of the good or service. Determining when control transfers requires management to make judgments that affect the timing of revenues recognized. Generally, for products requiring a complex implementation, control passes when the product is installed and ready for use. For all other products, control generally passes when product has been shipped and title has passed. For maintenance contracts and certain other services, including Advanced Services provided on a subscription basis, control passes to the customer over time, generally ratably over the service term as the Company provides a stand-ready service for the customer’s equipment. Time and material services transfer control to the customer at the time the services are provided.

The portion of the transaction price allocated to the Company’s unsatisfied performance obligations for which invoicing has occurred is recorded as deferred revenues, net of deferred cost of goods sold. Deferred revenues from product sales primarily relate to delivered and invoiced products, pending installation and acceptance. Deferred revenues from service contracts primarily relate to services that have been invoiced, where services have not yet been provided. Short-term deferred revenues are expected to be recognized within the next twelve months. Long-term deferred revenues substantially consist of deferred revenues on long-term technical and Advanced Services contracts which have been invoiced and are expected to be recognized as revenue beyond twelve months, generally not more than ten years.

In addition, the Company has remaining performance obligations associated with contracts for which the associated products have been accepted or associated services have started, but where invoicing has not yet occurred and therefore are not reflected in deferred revenue. These remaining performance obligations are comprised of the non-variable portions of technical services and Advanced Services provided under non-cancellable contracts with minimum commitments. Remaining performance obligations which are not included in deferred revenues are $353.9 million as of December 31, 2023. Remaining performance obligations are expected to be recognized ratably over the remaining terms of the associated contracts, which terms vary but are generally not more than ten years. Remaining performance obligations do not include product obligations, services where the associated product has not been accepted, services which have not yet started, variable portions of services, and certain other obligations.

The Company generally invoices customers for products upon shipment. Invoicing associated with the service portion of agreements is generally periodic and is billed on a monthly, quarterly, or annual basis, and in certain circumstances, multiple years are billed at one time. Advanced Services agreements are generally invoiced periodically on a monthly, quarterly or annual basis over the life of the agreement. In certain circumstances portions of these agreements may be invoiced lump sum.

The amount invoiced for equipment and software is typically reflected in both accounts receivable and deferred revenues, net. The Company typically recognizes product revenue, and correspondingly reduces deferred revenues, net, for equipment and on-premise software upon written customer acceptance of installation. Consumables are recorded as revenue upon shipment to or receipt by the customer, depending upon contract terms.

From time to time, the Company enters into change orders which modify the product to be received by the customer pursuant to certain contracts. Changes to any contract are accounted for as a modification of the existing contract to the extent the goods and services to be delivered as part of the contract are generally consistent with the nature and type of those to be provided under the terms of the original contract. Examples of such change orders include the addition or removal of units of equipment or changes to the configuration of the equipment where the overall nature of the contract remains intact. The Company’s change orders generally result in the change being accounted for as modifications of existing contracts given the nature of the impacted orders.

A portion of the Company’s sales are made to customers who are members of Group Purchasing Organizations (“GPOs”), each of which functions as a purchasing agent on behalf of member hospitals and other healthcare providers. The Company also has a Federal Supply Schedule Contract with the Department of Veterans Affairs (the “GSA Contract”), allowing the Department of Veterans Affairs, the Department of Defense, and other federal government customers to purchase the Company’s products. Pursuant to the terms of GPO agreements and the GSA Contract, each member or agency contracts directly with Omnicell and can purchase the Company’s products at pre-negotiated contract terms and pricing. GPOs are often fully or partially owned by the Company’s customers, and the Company pays fees to the GPO on completed contracts. The Company also pays the Industrial Funding Fee (“IFF”) to the Department of Veterans Affairs under the GSA Contract. The Company considers these fees consideration paid to customers and records them as reductions to revenue. Fees to GPOs and the IFF were $11.2 million, $17.6 million, and $17.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The accounts receivable balances are with individual members of the GPOs and federal agencies that purchase under the GSA Contract, and therefore no significant concentration of credit risk exists. During the year ended December 31, 2023, sales to members of the ten largest GPOs and federal agencies that purchase under the GSA Contract accounted for approximately 64% of the Company’s total consolidated revenues.

A contract asset is a right to consideration in exchange for goods or services that the Company has transferred to a customer when that right is conditioned on something other than the passage of time. A receivable will be recorded on the balance sheet when the Company has unconditional rights to consideration. A contract liability is an obligation to transfer goods or services for which the Company has received consideration, or for which an amount of consideration is due from the customer. Contract liabilities include customer deposits under non-cancelable contracts, and current and non-current deferred revenue balances. The Company’s contract balances are reported in a net contract asset or liability position on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period.

The Company has determined that certain incentive portions of its sales commission plans require capitalization since these payments are directly related to sales achieved during a time period. These commissions are earned on the basis of: (i) the value of new bookings for connected devices, software products, and Advanced Services, provided that for Advanced Services a commission will only be paid on the amount that represents the minimum commitment and (ii) the value of new orders for consumables. Since there are no commensurate commissions earned on renewal of the service bookings, the Company concluded that the capitalized asset is related to services provided under both the initial contract and renewal periods. The Company applies a practical expedient to account for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract as part of a portfolio of contracts with similar characteristics as the Company expects the effect on the financial statements of applying the practical expedient would not differ materially from applying the accounting guidance to the individual contracts within the portfolio. A pool of contracts is defined as all contracts booked in a particular quarter. The amortization for the capitalized asset is an estimate of the pool’s original contract term, generally one to five years, plus an estimate of future customer renewal periods resulting in a total amortization period of ten years. Costs to obtain a contract are allocated amongst performance obligations and recognized as sales and marketing expense consistent with the pattern of revenue recognition. In accordance with GAAP, while certain compensation elements are expensed as incurred, a portion of the pool’s capitalized asset is recorded as an expense over the first seven quarters after booking, which represents the estimated period during which the product revenue associated with the contract is recorded. The remaining capitalized contract costs are recorded as expense ratably over the ten

year estimated initial and renewal service periods. The Company recognized contract cost expense of $23.3 million, $30.6 million, and $25.8 million during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The commission expenses paid or due to be paid as of the consolidated balance sheet date to be recognized in future periods are recorded in long-term prepaid commissions on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Capitalized costs are periodically reviewed for impairment. There was no impairment loss recorded related to capitalized prepaid commissions as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023.

The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. The transaction price is allocated to separate performance obligations, generally consisting of a combination of hardware systems, software products, support and maintenance, and professional services, proportionally based on the standalone selling price of each performance obligation. Standalone selling price is best evidenced by the price the Company charges for the good or service when selling it separately in similar circumstances to similar customers. Other than for the renewal of annual technical services contracts, the Company’s products and services are not generally sold separately. The Company uses an amount discounted from the list price as a best estimated selling price.

The Company enters into non-cancelable sales-type lease arrangements with the leases varying in length from one to ten years, most of which do not have an option to extend the lease term. At the end of the lease term, the customer must either return the equipment or negotiate a new agreement, resulting in a new purchase or lease transaction. Failure of the customer to either return the equipment or negotiate a new agreement results in the contract becoming a month-to-month rental. Certain sales-type leases automatically renew for successive one-year periods at the end of each lease term without written notice from the customer. The Company’s sales-type lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees.

For sales-type leases, the Company recognizes revenues for its hardware and software products, net of lease execution costs, post-installation product maintenance, professional services associated with Advanced Services offerings, and technical support, at the net present value of the lease payment stream upon customer acceptance. The Company recognizes service revenues associated with sales-type leases ratably over the term of the agreement in service revenues in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company recognizes interest income from sales-type leases using the effective interest method. Both hardware and software revenues, and interest income from sales-types leases are recorded in product revenues in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company is exposed to credit losses primarily through sales of its products and services, as well as its sales-type leasing arrangements. The Company performs credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition in order to assess each customer’s ability to pay. These evaluations require significant judgment and are based on a variety of factors including, but not limited to, current economic trends, payment history, and a financial review of the customer. The Company continues to monitor customers’ creditworthiness on an ongoing basis.

The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses for accounts receivable, unbilled receivables, and net investment in sales-type leases based on expected credit losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. The allowance for credit losses is measured using a loss rate method, considering factors such as customers’ credit risk, historical loss experience, current conditions, and forecasts. The allowance for credit losses is measured on a collective (pool) basis by aggregating customer balances with similar risk characteristics. The Company also records a specific allowance based on an analysis of individual past due balances or customer-specific information, such as a decline in creditworthiness or bankruptcy. Actual collection losses may differ from management’s estimates, and such differences could be material to the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

The Company offers certain products and services in which it is customary for pharmacies or insurance payors to owe funds to the Company which are collected on behalf of, and, after a short holding period, disbursed to, the Company’s customers. The Company presents amounts due from pharmacies and amounts due to be disbursed to customers on a gross basis within other current assets and accrued liabilities, respectively, in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, as such amounts are expected to be settled within one year. Generally, any funds received from the pharmacies or insurance payors that are held by the Company are segregated from its other corporate cash accounts. These funds are classified as restricted cash as the Company is contractually obligated to disburse these amounts to customers.

The Company records the sale of its accounts receivables in accordance with accounting guidance for transfers and servicing of financial assets. The Company transferred non-recourse accounts receivable totaling $5.7 million, $45.3 million, and $46.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, which approximated fair value, to leasing companies on a non-recourse basis. Accounts receivable balance included approximately $1.1 million and $6.7 million due from third-party leasing companies for transferred non-recourse accounts receivable as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The Company classifies all highly-liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less as cash equivalents. The Company’s cash and cash equivalent balances include bank accounts and highly-liquid U.S. Government money market funds held in sweep and asset management accounts with financial institutions of high credit quality. The Company continuously monitors the credit worthiness of the financial institutions in which it invests. The Company has not experienced any credit losses from its cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents were $468.0 million and $330.4 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, cash equivalents were $451.0 million and $301.0 million, respectively, which consisted of money market funds held in sweep and asset management accounts.

For assets and liabilities measured at fair value, the amounts are based on an expected exit price representing the amount that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in a transaction between market participants. The fair value may be based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis whereby inputs used in valuation techniques are assigned a hierarchical level, as follows:

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, computed using the first-in, first-out method, and net realizable value. Inbound shipping costs are included in cost of inventory. The Company regularly monitors inventory quantities on hand and records write-downs for excess and obsolete inventories based on the Company’s estimate of demand for its products, potential obsolescence of technology, product life cycles, and whether pricing trends or forecasts indicate that the carrying value of inventory exceeds its estimated selling price. These factors are impacted by market and economic conditions, technology changes, and new product introductions and require estimates that may include elements that are uncertain. Actual demand may differ from forecasted demand and may have a material effect on gross margins. If inventory is written down, a new cost basis is established that cannot be increased in future periods. Shipments from suppliers or contract manufacturers before the Company receives them are recorded as in-transit inventory when title and the significant risks and rewards of ownership have passed to the Company.

Property and equipment less accumulated depreciation are stated at historical cost. The Company’s expenditures for property and equipment are primarily for computer equipment and software used in the administration of its business, and for leasehold improvements to its leased facilities. The Company also develops molds and dies used in long-term manufacturing arrangements with suppliers and for production automation equipment used in the manufacturing of consumable blister card components.

The Company capitalizes costs related to computer software developed or obtained for internal-use in accordance with ASC 350-40, Internal-Use Software. Software developed or obtained for internal-use includes certain costs for the development of the Company’s subscription and cloud-based offerings sold to its customers, as well as enterprise-level business and finance software that the Company customizes to meet its specific operational needs. Costs incurred in the application development phase are capitalized and amortized over their useful lives, which is generally five years. Costs recognized in the preliminary project phase and the post-implementation phase are expensed as incurred. The Company capitalized $32.2 million and $33.0 million of costs related to the application development of enterprise-level software and its subscription and cloud-based offerings, which are included in property and equipment during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Capitalized costs related to computer software developed or obtained for internal-use are included in purchases of property and equipment in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

The Company capitalizes certain software development costs in accordance with ASC 985-20, Costs of Software to Be Sold, Leased, or Marketed, under which those costs incurred subsequent to the establishment of technological feasibility may be capitalized and amortized over the estimated lives of the related products. The Company establishes technological feasibility when it completes a detail program design or a working model. The Company amortizes development costs over the estimated lives of the related products, which is generally five years. All development costs prior to the completion of a detail program design or a working model are recognized as research and development expense. The Company capitalized external-use software development costs of $14.6 million and $13.2 million, that were included in other long-term assets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. Operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of its lease contracts do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of the lease payments. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company does not recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for leases with an initial term of twelve months or less. The Company elected the practical expedient to not separate lease components from nonlease components and applied that practical expedient to all material classes of leased assets.

Certain leases include provisions for early termination, which allow the contract parties to terminate their obligations under the lease contract. The terms and conditions of the termination options vary by contract. When the Company has made a decision to exercise an early termination option, the right-of-use assets and associated lease liabilities are remeasured in accordance with the present value of the remaining cash flows under the lease contract.

Certain building lease agreements include rental payments subject to change annually based on fluctuations in various indexes (i.e., Consumer Price Index (“CPI”), Retail Price Index, and other international indexes). Certain data center lease agreements include rental payments subject to change based on usage and CPI fluctuations. The changes based on usage and indexes are treated as variable lease costs and recognized in the period in which the obligation for those payments was incurred.

The Company uses the acquisition method of accounting under ASC 805, Business Combinations. Each acquired company’s operating results are included in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements starting on the acquisition date. The purchase price is equivalent to the fair value of consideration transferred. Tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date are recorded at the acquisition date fair value. Goodwill is recognized for the excess of purchase price over the net fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed.

Amounts allocated to assets and liabilities are based upon fair values. Such valuations require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to the identifiable intangible assets. Management makes estimates of fair value based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable and that of a market participant. These estimates are based on available historical information as well as future expectations, and the estimates are inherently uncertain. The separately identifiable intangible assets generally include customer relationships, acquired technology, backlog, trade names, and non-compete agreements.

The Company assesses goodwill for impairment on an annual basis on the first day of the fourth quarter of each year at the reporting unit level. This assessment is also performed whenever there is a change in circumstances that indicates the carrying value of goodwill may be impaired. The Company has one reporting unit, which is the same as its operating segment. A qualitative assessment is initially made to determine whether it is necessary to perform quantitative testing. A qualitative assessment includes, among others, consideration of: (i) past, current, and projected future earnings and equity; (ii) recent trends and market conditions; and (iii) valuation metrics involving similar companies that are publicly-traded and acquisitions of similar companies, if available. If this qualitative assessment indicates that it is more likely than not that impairment exists, or if the Company decides to bypass this option, it proceeds to the quantitative assessment. The quantitative assessment involves a comparison between the estimated fair value of the Company’s reporting unit with its carrying amount including goodwill. If the carrying value exceeds estimated fair value, the Company will record an impairment charge based on that difference. The impairment charge will be limited to the amount of goodwill.

To determine the reporting unit’s fair value under the quantitative approach, the Company uses a combination of income and market approaches, such as estimated discounted future cash flows of the reporting unit, multiples of earnings or revenues, and analysis of recent sales or offerings of comparable entities. The Company also considers its market capitalization on the date of the analysis to ensure the reasonableness of its reporting unit’s fair value.

In connection with its acquisitions, the Company generally recognizes assets for customer relationships, acquired technology, backlog, trade names, and non-compete agreements. Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization. Such amortization is provided on a straight-line basis or on an accelerated basis based on a pattern of economic benefit that is expected to be obtained over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. Amortization for acquired technology and backlog is recognized in cost of revenues, and amortization for customer relationships, trade names, non-compete agreements, and patents is recognized in selling, general, and administrative expenses.

The Company assesses the impairment of identifiable intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an asset’s carrying amount may not be recoverable. Recoverability of an asset is measured by the comparison of the carrying amount to the sum of the undiscounted estimated future cash flows the asset is expected to generate, offset by estimated future costs to dispose of the product to which the asset relates. If an asset is considered to be impaired, the amount of such impairment would be measured as the difference between the carrying amount of the asset and its fair value. The Company’s cash flow assumptions are based on historical and forecasted future revenue, operating costs, and other relevant factors. Assumptions and estimates about the remaining useful lives of the Company’s intangible assets are subjective and are affected by changes to its business strategies. If management’s estimates of future operating results change, or if there are changes to other assumptions, the estimate of the fair value of the Company’s assets could change significantly. Such change could result in impairment charges in future periods, which could have a significant impact on the Company’s operating results and financial condition. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, there were no events or changes in circumstances to indicate that intangible assets carrying amounts may not be recoverable.

The Company accounts for convertible debt and related transactions in accordance with ASC 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options, ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity. The Company evaluates convertible debt instruments and related transactions at inception to determine if those contracts or embedded components of those contracts qualify as derivatives to be separately accounted for.

Prior to the adoption of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-06, Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40), convertible debt instruments that could be settled in cash were required to be separated into liability and equity components. The allocation to the liability component was based on the fair value of a similar instrument that did not contain an equity conversion option. Based on this debt-to-equity ratio, debt issuance costs were then allocated to the liability and equity components in a similar manner. The difference between the principal amount of the convertible senior notes and the liability component, inclusive of issuance costs, represented the debt discount, which the Company amortized to interest expense over the term of the convertible senior notes. The determination of the discount rate required certain estimates and assumptions.

The fair value of stock options (“options”) on the grant date is estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which requires the following inputs: expected life, expected volatility, risk-free interest rate, expected dividend yield rate, exercise price, and closing price of its common stock on the date of grant. The expected volatility is based on a combination of historical and market-based implied volatility, and the expected life of the awards is based on the Company’s historical experience of employee stock option exercises, including forfeitures. Expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period.

The Company records an income tax provision for (benefit from) the anticipated tax consequences of the reported results of operations. In accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes, the provision for (benefit from) income taxes is computed using the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined on the basis of the differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities and for operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates in effect for the periods in which those tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. In the event that these tax rates change, the Company will incur a benefit or detriment on its income tax expense in the period of enactment. If the Company were to determine that all or part of the net deferred tax assets are not realizable in the future, it will record a valuation allowance that would be charged to earnings in the period such determination is made.

In accordance with ASC 740, the Company recognizes the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such positions are then measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The calculation of tax liabilities involves significant judgment in estimating the impact of uncertainties in the application of ASC 740 and complex tax laws. Resolution of these uncertainties in a manner inconsistent with management’s expectations could have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition and operating results.

In October 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers. The update addresses diversity in practice by requiring that an acquirer recognize and measure contract assets and liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company adopted ASU 2021-08 beginning January 1, 2023 and will apply the guidance prospectively to acquisitions occurring on or after the adoption date.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires public entities to disclose significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the CODM. Public entities with a single reportable segment are required to apply the disclosure requirements in ASU 2023-07, as well as all existing segment disclosures and reconciliation requirements in ASC 280 on an interim and annual basis. The amendments are effective for the Company’s annual periods beginning January 1, 2024, and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning January 1, 2025. Retrospective application is required, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact ASU 2023-07 will have on its consolidated financial statements.