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Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2017
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of presentation
Basis of presentation
The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements reflect, in the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments and accruals, necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the results of its operations, comprehensive income (loss) and cash flows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and June 30, 2016. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes included in the Company's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 filed with the SEC on February 28, 2017. The Company's results of operations, comprehensive income (loss) and cash flows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2017, or for any future period.
Principles of consolidation
Principles of consolidation
The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Reclassification
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2017 presentation. These reclassifications include: (i) provision for excess and obsolete inventories, and (ii) provision for the allowance for doubtful accounts have been reclassified/combined with inventories and accounts receivable within net cash provided by operating activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. These changes are not material and do not impact previously disclosed net cash provided by operating activities, net cash used in investing activities, and net cash used by financing activities.
Use of estimates
Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions believed to be reasonable. Although these estimates are based on management's best knowledge of current events and actions that may impact the Company in the future, actual results may be different from the estimates. The Company's critical accounting policies are those that affect its financial statements materially and involve difficult, subjective or complex judgments by management. Those policies are revenue recognition, accounts receivable and notes receivable from investment in sales-type leases, inventory valuation, capitalized software development costs, valuation and impairment of goodwill, purchased intangibles and long-lived assets, fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combination, share-based compensation, and accounting for income taxes.
Segment reporting
Segment reporting
The Company's Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") is its Chief Executive Officer. The CODM allocates resources and evaluates the performance of the Company's segments using information about its revenues, gross profit, and income from operations. Such evaluation excludes general corporate-level costs that are not specific to either of the reportable segments and are managed separately at the corporate level. Corporate-level costs include expenses related to executive management, finance and accounting, human resources, legal, training and development, and certain administrative expenses. See Note 13, Segment and Geographical Information, for additional information on segment reporting.
Recently adopted and issued authoritative guidance
Recently adopted authoritative guidance
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This ASU simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. The provision of ASU No. 2016-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. The Company adopted the standard effective January 1, 2017.  The impact of adoption was the recording of excess tax benefits within income tax expense, rather than in Additional Paid in Capital of $0.8 million and $2.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively.  Additionally, in the first quarter of 2017, the Company recognized the previously unrecognized excess tax benefits using the modified retrospective transition method, which resulted in a cumulative-effect adjustment of $1.6 million to retained earnings.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairment for all entities by requiring impairment charges to be based on the first step in today’s two-step impairment test under ASC 350, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other.” Under the new guidance, if a reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value, an entity will record an impairment charge based on that difference. The impairment charge will be limited to the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard eliminates the current ASC 350 requirement to calculate a goodwill impairment charge using Step 2. ASU 2017-14 is effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed in periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for annual and interim goodwill impairment testing dates after January 1, 2017. The Company adopted ASU 2017-04 effective January 1, 2017. The adoption of this authoritative guidance did not have impact on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements or related disclosures for the period presented.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations, which clarifies the definition of a business and provides a screen to determine when a set of assets and activities is not a business. The screen requires that when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not a business. This screen reduces the number of transactions that need to be further evaluated. ASU 2017-01 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted.  The Company adopted ASU 2017-01 effective January 1, 2017.  The adoption of this authoritative guidance did not have impact on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements or related disclosures for the period presented.
Recently issued authoritative guidance
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09-Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which outlines a single, comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is to recognize revenue when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that is expected to be received for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 defines a five step process to achieve this core principle and, accordingly, it is possible more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than is required under existing U.S. GAAP, including identifying performance obligations in the contract, estimating the amount of variable consideration to include in the transaction price and allocating the transaction price to each separate performance obligation. The FASB has recently issued several amendments to ASU 2014-09, including clarification on accounting for licenses of intellectual property and identifying performance obligations. ASU 2014-09 will be effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2018.
The two permitted transition methods under ASU 2014-09 are the full retrospective method, in which case ASU 2014-09 would be applied to each prior reporting period presented and the cumulative effect of applying ASU 2014-09 would be recognized at the earliest period shown, or the modified retrospective method, in which case the cumulative effect of applying ASU 2014-09 would be recognized at the date of initial application. While the Company currently expects to apply the full retrospective method, the Company is continuing to evaluate the availability of information and resources necessary and may decide the benefit of applying the full retrospective method is not significant enough to support the cost.  
Currently, the Company is in the process of reviewing its historical contracts to quantify the impact on its consolidated financial statements. The most significant impact of the standard relates to accounting for term software license revenue, contingent income, and commission expense.  Specifically, under the standard the Company expects to recognize revenue on term software licenses upon installation of the license rather than ratably over the life of the term license.  Additionally, the standard no longer requires deferral of contingent revenue in transactions where the amount charged to the customer for a particular performance obligation is less than the allocation of standalone selling price which will result in earlier recognition of revenue.  Finally, the standard requires expense to be recognized for incremental costs incurred to obtain a contract, primarily commission expense, on a systematic basis that is consistent with the transfer to the customer of the product and services to which the cost relates.  Rather than recognize commission expense at the time of recognizing the related product revenue, the new standard will require commission expense to be recognized consistent with the timing of product and service revenue, including an estimate of the period of service renewals for the transaction.  The company is also in the process of assessing the appropriate changes to its business processes and upgrading its systems and controls to support recognition and disclosure under ASU 2014-09. The Company expects to complete its assessment process within the next two quarters of 2017.
There was no other recently issued and effective authoritative guidance that is expected to have a material impact on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements through the reporting date.