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BASIS OF PRESENTATION
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
BASIS OF PRESENTATION BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The terms the "Company", "we", "us", and "our" are used in this Form 10-Q to refer collectively to the parent company, Central European Media Enterprises Ltd. (“CME Ltd.”), and the subsidiaries through which our various businesses are conducted. Unless otherwise noted, all statistical and financial information presented in this report has been converted into U.S. dollars using period-end exchange rates. All references to "US$", "USD" or "dollars" are to U.S. dollars, all references to "BGN" are to the Bulgarian leva, all references to "CZK" are to the Czech koruna, all references to "RON" are to the New Romanian lei, and all references to "Euro" or "EUR" are to the European Union Euro. Where applicable, prior period presentation has been modified to conform to current year presentation.
Interim Financial Statements
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and do not include all of the information and note disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“US GAAP”). Amounts as of December 31, 2019 included in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been derived from audited consolidated financial statements as of that date. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 6, 2020. Our significant accounting policies have not changed since December 31, 2019, except as noted below.
In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring items and changes in US GAAP, necessary for their fair presentation in conformity with US GAAP for complete financial statements. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for a full year.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions.
Basis of Consolidation
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of CME Ltd. and our subsidiaries, after the elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions. Entities in which we hold less than a majority voting interest but over which we have the ability to exercise significant influence are accounted for using the equity method. Other investments are accounted for using the cost method.
Seasonality
We experience seasonality, with advertising sales tending to be lowest during the third quarter of each calendar year due to the summer holiday period (typically July and August), and highest during the fourth quarter of each calendar year due to the winter holiday season.
Allowance for Credit Losses
In each of our segments, we stratify our receivables by age within risk-based pools. We apply an allowance percentage to each aging bucket based on historical collection trends adjusted for anticipated changes in future collectibility, including the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our risk pools are generally defined as TV Advertising, Carriage Fee and Subscription and Other in line with the revenue source of the related receivable.
We maintain a specific allowance for estimated losses resulting from the inability of certain customers to make required payments. If the financial condition of these customers were to deteriorate, additional allowances may be required in future periods. We review accounts receivable balances periodically to identify the need for specific provision.
We consider factors external to the specific customer, including current conditions and forecasts of economic conditions that are unique to each segment, including the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the event we recover amounts previously written off, we release the specific allowance for credit loss.
Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets
Goodwill is evaluated at the reporting unit level, which we have determined is each of our five operating segments. We calculated the fair value of our reporting units as of October 1, 2019, based on the present value of expected future cash flows, including terminal value, discounted at appropriate rates, determined separately for each reporting unit, and on publicly available information, where appropriate. The determination of fair value involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including: revenue growth rates, operating margins, capital expenditures, working capital requirements, tax rates, terminal growth rates, management's long-term plan and a discount rate selected with reference to the relevant cost of capital. An impairment exists when the carrying amount of a reporting unit (including its goodwill), exceeds its fair value.
Indefinite-lived intangible assets are evaluated for impairment individually using the relief from royalty method to calculate fair value. An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds its fair value.
We performed a qualitative assessment for all of our reporting units and indefinite-lived intangible assets as of March 31, 2020 to determine whether the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic indicates that it is more likely than not that the fair value of any reporting unit or indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying value. As a part of the qualitative assessment, we performed sensitivity analyses on the critical inputs to the fair value models including cash flows, terminal growth rates, weighted-average costs of capital and royalty rates. This analysis did not indicate that our reporting units were more likely than not impaired.
The results of these procedures indicated that none of our reporting units or indefinite-lived intangible assets were more likely than not impaired.
Program Rights
Our predominant strategy in each segment is to generate television advertising revenues through airing a diversified library of complementary content across our portfolio of channels. Licensed and produced content are predominantly monetized as a group and reviewed for potential impairment as a film group in each segment when an event or change in circumstances indicates a change in the expected usefulness of the content or that the fair value may be less than unamortized cost. Content assets within a film group are stated at the lower of unamortized cost or fair value. Our calculations of fair value include significant assumptions about the amounts and timing of cash inflows and outflows and the rates by which these cash flows are discounted to the present period. Unamortized costs for assets that have been, or are expected to be abandoned, are written off. We performed fair value assessments of the film groups at each segment as of March 31, 2020, that included assumptions about the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of these assessments did not indicate that the fair value of any film group was less than unamortized cost.
Income Taxes
We have historically calculated the provision for income taxes during interim reporting periods by applying an estimate of the annual effective tax rate for the full fiscal year to “ordinary” income or loss (pretax income or loss excluding unusual or infrequently occurring discrete items) for the reporting period.  Due to the uncertainty related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our operations, we have used a discrete effective tax rate method to calculate taxes for the three-month period ended March 31, 2020.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Accounting Pronouncements Adopted
In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued guidance to provide financial statement users with more information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. The amendments replaced the incurred loss impairment methodology in the legacy guidance with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. The guidance primarily applies to our accounts receivable and had no material impact upon adoption as of January 1, 2020.
In March 2019, the FASB issued guidance that aligns the accounting for production costs of an episodic television series with the accounting for production costs of films. The guidance further requires that an entity test a film or license agreement for program material for impairment at a film group level and under a fair value model when the film or license agreement is predominantly monetized with other films and/or license agreements. Further, content acquired under a license agreement is not required to be separately presented on the balance sheet based on the estimated time of usage. The guidance was adopted prospectively on January 1, 2020, at which time we reclassified US$ 75.9 million of our current content assets to non-current on our condensed consolidated Balance Sheets. There was no cumulative effect adjustment upon adoption. The change to a fair value model and the use of film groups in the assessment of impairment of our content is a significant change to the previously prescribed approach; however, the results of these procedures are not substantially different than the results under the previous approach.
During the adoption process we identified and corrected an error in our program rights disclosure as at December 31, 2019 relating to the misclassification of certain completed and released content that had been disclosed as completed and not released. The disclosure error did not impact the consolidated balance sheets, the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, the consolidated statements of equity or the consolidated statements of cash flows and was not material as at December 31, 2019.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Issued
In March 2020, the FASB issued guidance to provide optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The amendments apply only to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. Interest charged on our Euro Loans (as defined in Note 4, "Long-term Debt and Other Financing Arrangements") and the related hedging instruments is based on three-month EURIBOR, which is not expected to be discontinued prior to the maturity of these instruments. Interest charged on our Revolving Credit Facility ("RCF"), when drawn, is based on three-month LIBOR through its maturity on April 26, 2023, however, we do not anticipate this guidance will significantly impact our accounting for this instrument.