Exhibit 21.1

                              LIST OF SUBISIDIARIES

         Listed below are our subsidiaries, our percentage ownership in each
subsidiary and the total number of active subsidiaries directly or indirectly
owned by each subsidiary as of October 19, 2005.

                                 % Ownership           U.S.          Non-U.S.
                                 -----------           ----          --------
Emir Oil, LLP, Kazakhstan           100%