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Note 14- Share-based Compensation
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Notes to Financial Statements  
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block]
14.
Share-based Compensation
 
2018
Omnibus Incentive Plan
In
June 2018,
the Board approved the
2018
Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “Incentive Plan”) to become effective in connection with the offering. The Company has reserved an aggregate of
3.2
million shares of its Class A common stock for issuance of awards under the Incentive Plan. Participants in the Incentive Plan will be selected by the Compensation Committee from the executive officers, directors, employees and consultants of the Company. Awards under the Incentive Plan
may
be made in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock awards, restricted stock units, performance awards, performance units, and any other form established by the Compensation Committee pursuant to the Incentive Plan.
 
The following is a summary of the Incentive Plan restricted stock and restricted stock unit activity from
June 13, 2018
to
December 31, 2018:
 
   
 
 
 
 
Weighted
 
   
Number of
   
Average Grant
 
   
Units
   
Date Fair Value
 
                 
Unvested at June 13, 2018
   
-
     
-
 
Granted
   
287,232
    $
14.30
 
Forfeited '
   
16,490
     
16.00
 
Unvested at December 31, 2018
   
270,742
    $
14.20
 
 
The restricted stock grants vest over periods of
one
to
four
years. The Company recognized compensation expense of
$1.0
million during
2018.
At
December 31, 2018,
the Company had
$2.8
million in unrecognized compensation expense related to the above restricted stock awards which is expected to be recognized over a period of approximately
3.3
years.
 
The following is a summary of the Incentive Plan stock option activity from
June 13, 2018
to
December 31, 2018:
 
   
 
 
 
 
Weighted
 
   
Number of
   
Average Grant
 
   
Units
   
Date Fair Value
 
                 
Unvested at June 13, 2018
   
-
     
-
 
Granted
   
192,203
    $
6.09
 
Forfeited
   
14,943
    $
6.09
 
Unvested at December 31, 2018
   
177,260
    $
6.09
 
 
The stock options vest over a period of
four
years and expire
ten
years from the date of grant. The Company recognized compensation expense of
$0.3
million during
2018.
The fair value of the stock option grant was estimated using the Black-Scholes method as of the grant date using the following assumptions:
 
Strike price
  $
16.00
 
Risk-free interest rate
   
2.91
%
Expected dividend yield
   
0
%
Expected volatility
   
32.67
%
Expected term (in years)
   
6.25
 
 
At
December 31, 2018,
the Company had
$0.8
million in unrecognized compensation expense related to the stock option awards which is expected to be recognized over a period of approximately
3.5
years.
 
Stock Appreciation Rights
In
June 
2015,
the Company approved the
2015
Stock Appreciation Rights Plan. The purpose of the plan was to attract and retain the best available personnel for positions of substantial responsibility and to provide incentive to employees to promote the success of the Company’s business. Each holder of an award had the right to receive a cash payment amounting to the difference between the grant price and the fair market value of the Company’s Class A common stock on the exercise date. These awards were subject to time-based and performance-based vesting conditions. For each grant, the number of shares awarded was determined based on a performance condition relating to certain financial results of the Company. Awards granted vested ratably over a service period of
5
years. The awards were accounted for as liability classified compensatory awards under ASC
710
and valued using the intrinsic value method, as permitted by ASC
718
for nonpublic entities, with changes to the value recognized as compensation expense during each reporting period.
 
In conjunction with the offering, the Company vested all remaining stock appreciation rights (“SARS”) and settled the resulting liabilities related thereto. As a result, the Company recorded additional compensation expense in the amount of
$3.2
million in the
second
quarter of
2018.
 
The following is a summary of the Company’s SARS activity for
2018,
2017
and
2016:
 
   
Number of
   
Grant Date
 
   
Units
   
Exercise Price
 
                 
Outstanding at December 31, 2015
   
76,125
    $
9.95
 
Granted
   
-
     
-
 
Exercised
   
1,450
     
9.95
 
Canceled or expired
   
2,175
     
9.95
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2016
   
72,500
     
9.95
 
Granted
   
-
     
-
 
Exercised
   
2,175
     
9.95
 
Canceled or expired
   
5,075
     
9.95
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2017
   
65,250
     
9.95
 
Granted
   
-
     
-
 
Exercised
   
63,250
     
9.95
 
Canceled or expired
   
2,000
     
9.95
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2018
   
-
     
-
 
 
The Company recognized compensation expense of
$3.4
million,
$0.3
million and
$0.2
million during
2018,
2017
and
2016,
respectively.
 
 
Restricted Stock Units
In
August 
2008,
the U.S. Xpress Enterprises board approved the
2008
Restricted Stock Plan that provided for restricted membership unit awards in New Mountain Lake in order to compensate the Company’s employees and to promote the success of the Company’s business. 
 
Redeemable restricted units were subject to certain put rights at the option of the holder or upon the occurrence of an event that was
not
solely under the control of the Company. Under the terms of the stock plan, a portion of the units held by employees of the Company for at least
nine
months could be put back to the Company at the option of the holder during a specified period each year and under certain circumstances after termination. These equity instruments were redeemable at fair value and were classified as temporary equity on the
2017
consolidated balance sheets in accordance with ASC
480.
 
As part of the Reorganization (see Note
1
), all of the redeemable restricted units of New Mountain Lake were converted into restricted stock units of the Company, with the same vesting schedules. Therefore, we refer to redeemable restricted units issued prior to the Reorganization as restricted stock units. At the time of conversion, the restricted stock unit amounts were reclassified to additional paid in capital. The following is a summary of the Company’s restricted stock unit activity for
2018,
2017
and
2016:
 
   
Number of
   
Weighted
 
   
Units
   
Average
 
                 
Unvested at December 31, 2015
   
277,992
    $
6.73
 
Granted
   
20,000
     
9.96
 
Vested
   
55,492
     
8.97
 
Forfeited
   
5,000
     
9.30
 
Unvested at December 31, 2016
   
237,500
     
6.79
 
Granted
   
292,500
     
10.37
 
Vested
   
69,333
     
6.62
 
Forfeited
   
14,667
     
7.69
 
Unvested at December 31, 2017
   
446,000
    $
9.14
 
Granted
   
-
     
-
 
Vested-pre IPO
   
105,307
     
7.74
 
Forfeited-pre IPO
   
6,667
     
7.52
 
Unvested at June 13, 2018
   
334,026
     
9.62
 
Conversion in connection with IPO
   
4.6666667
     
 
 
Unvested post-IPO
   
1,558,787
     
2.06
 
Vested-post IPO
   
144,667
     
2.67
 
Forfeited post IPO
   
12,446
     
1.99
 
Unvested at December 31, 2018
   
1,401,674
    $
2.00
 
 
The vesting schedule for these restricted unit grants range from
3
to
7
years. The Company recognized compensation expense of
$0.9
million,
$0.7
million and
$0.5
million during
2018,
2017
and
2016,
respectively. At
December 
31,
2018,
the Company had approximately
$2.2
million in unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted units, which is expected to be recognized over a period of approximately
4.1
years. The fair value of the restricted units and corresponding compensation expense was determined using the income approach.