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Investments (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
Investments [Abstract]  
Schedule of Reconciliation of Cost to Fair Value, Net of Credit Loss Allowance, of Fixed Maturity Securities The following tables summarize the amortized cost and estimated fair value, net of credit loss allowance, of our fixed maturity securities as of:
June 30, 2025
(in thousands)Amortized costGross unrealized gainsGross unrealized lossesEstimated fair value
Available-for-sale securities:
Corporate debt securities
$700,045 $9,919 $4,745 $705,219 
Collateralized debt obligations108,904 275 268 108,911 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities123,616 2,483 1,907 124,192 
Residential mortgage-backed securities157,688 362 13,429 144,621 
Other debt securities35,756 498 327 35,927 
U.S. Treasury7,249 55 26 7,278 
Total available-for-sale securities, net (1)
1,133,258 13,592 20,702 1,126,148 
Held-to-maturity securities - states & political subdivisions4,833 4,830 
Total fixed maturity securities, net$1,138,091 $13,592 $20,705 $1,130,978 
(1)This includes an estimated fair value of $18.4 million of securities lent under a securities lending agreement.

December 31, 2024
(in thousands)Amortized costGross unrealized gainsGross unrealized lossesEstimated fair value
Available-for-sale securities:
Corporate debt securities
$647,861 $4,767 $8,685 $643,943 
Collateralized debt obligations114,142 372 387 114,127 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities126,509 1,458 2,985 124,982 
Residential mortgage-backed securities150,212 62 16,462 133,812 
Other debt securities27,232 147 628 26,751 
Total available-for-sale securities, net (1)
1,065,956 6,806 29,147 1,043,615 
Held-to-maturity securities - states & political subdivisions4,833 101 4,934 
Total fixed maturity securities, net$1,070,789 $6,907 $29,147 $1,048,549 
(1)This includes an estimated fair value of $7.3 million of securities lent under a securities lending agreement.
Schedule of Amortized Cost and Estimated Fair Value, Net of Credit Loss Allowance, of Fixed Maturity Securities by Remaining Contractual Term to Maturity
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities at June 30, 2025 are shown below by remaining contractual term to maturity.  Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

June 30, 2025
AmortizedEstimated
(in thousands)costfair value
Available-for-sale securities:
Due in one year or less$57,341 $56,820 
Due after one year through five years478,964 482,703 
Due after five years through ten years177,290 178,639 
Due after ten years419,663 407,986 
Total available-for-sale securities, net (1) (2)
1,133,258 1,126,148 
Held-to-maturity securities - due after ten years4,833 4,830 
Total fixed maturity securities, net$1,138,091 $1,130,978 
(1)The contractual maturities of our available-for-sale securities are included in the table. However, given our intent to sell certain impaired securities, these securities are classified as current assets in our Consolidated Statement of Financial Position at June 30, 2025.
(2)This includes an estimated fair value of $18.4 million of securities lent under a securities lending agreement.
Schedule of Available-For-Sale Securities in a Gross Unrealized Loss Position by Length of Time
The following tables present available-for-sale securities based on length of time in a gross unrealized loss position as of:
June 30, 2025
Less than 12 months12 months or longerTotal
(dollars in thousands)Fair
value
Unrealized
losses
Fair
value
Unrealized
losses
Fair
value
Unrealized
losses
No. of
holdings
Corporate debt securities$75,033 $1,430 $125,187 $3,315 $200,220 $4,745 461 
Collateralized debt obligations40,941 108 7,390 160 48,331 268 78 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities12,656 110 20,000 1,797 32,656 1,907 79 
Residential mortgage-backed securities36,998 784 84,737 12,645 121,735 13,429 162 
Other debt securities3,169 37 4,008 290 7,177 327 28 
U.S. Treasury2,025 26 2,025 26 
Total available-for-sale securities$170,822 $2,495 $241,322 $18,207 $412,144 $20,702 810 
Quality breakdown of available-for-sale securities:
Investment grade$140,575 $1,259 $219,609 $16,996 $360,184 $18,255 450 
Non-investment grade30,247 1,236 21,713 1,211 51,960 2,447 360 
Total available-for-sale securities$170,822 $2,495 $241,322 $18,207 $412,144 $20,702 810 


December 31, 2024
Less than 12 months12 months or longerTotal
(dollars in thousands)Fair
value
Unrealized
losses
Fair
value
Unrealized
losses
Fair
value
Unrealized
losses
No. of
holdings
Corporate debt securities$197,619 $2,486 $156,059 $6,199 $353,678 $8,685 567 
Collateralized debt obligations33,686 71 11,762 316 45,448 387 77 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities28,333 407 24,966 2,578 53,299 2,985 131 
Residential mortgage-backed securities38,003 1,289 90,209 15,173 128,212 16,462 169 
Other debt securities11,663 150 5,045 478 16,708 628 42 
Total available-for-sale securities$309,304 $4,403 $288,041 $24,744 $597,345 $29,147 986 
Quality breakdown of available-for-sale securities:
Investment grade$280,332 $3,701 $260,480 $22,664 $540,812 $26,365 616 
Non-investment grade28,972 702 27,561 2,080 56,533 2,782 370 
Total available-for-sale securities$309,304 $4,403 $288,041 $24,744 $597,345 $29,147 986 
Schedule of Allowances for Credit Losses on Investments
The following tables present a roll-forward of the allowances for credit losses on investments:
Three months ended June 30, 2025
(in thousands)Available-for-sale securitiesHeld-to-maturity securitiesOther loans receivableAgent loans
Balance, beginning of period$826 $2,167 $12,592 $1,476 
Provision and recoveries304 446 
Sales/collections and write-offs(249)
Balance, end of period$881 $2,167 $13,038 $1,476 

Six months ended June 30, 2025
(in thousands)Available-for-sale securitiesHeld-to-maturity securitiesOther loans receivableAgent loans
Balance, beginning of period$513 $2,167 $12,198 $1,312 
   Provision and recoveries669 840 164 
   Sales/collections and write-offs(301)
Balance, end of period$881 $2,167 $13,038 $1,476 

Three months ended June 30, 2024
(in thousands)Available-for-sale securitiesHeld-to-maturity securitiesOther loans receivableAgent loans
Balance, beginning of period$575 $2,167 $11,253 $957 
Provision and recoveries79 185 
Sales/collections and write-offs(151)
Balance, end of period$503 $2,167 $11,438 $957 

Six months ended June 30, 2024
(in thousands)Available-for-sale securitiesHeld-to-maturity securitiesOther loans receivableAgent loans
Balance, beginning of period$597 $$11,081 $957 
   Provision and recoveries243 2,167 357 
   Sales/collections and write-offs(337)
Balance, end of period$503 $2,167 $11,438 $957 
Schedule of Investment Income, Net of Expenses
Investment income, net of expenses, was generated from the following portfolios:
Three months ended June 30,Six months ended June 30,
(in thousands)2025202420252024
Available-for-sale securities$14,530 $12,107 $27,813 $23,720 
Equity securities1,149 1,199 2,313 2,417 
Limited partnerships (1)
83 (264)1,155 261 
Agent loans (2)
1,557 908 3,001 1,821 
Cash equivalents and other (2)
3,509 2,481 6,896 4,516 
Total investment income20,828 16,431 41,178 32,735 
Less: investment expenses798 421 1,200 822 
Net investment income$20,030 $16,010 $39,978 $31,913 
(1)Limited partnership income include both realized gains (losses) and unrealized valuation changes. Our limited partnership investments are included in the line item "Other assets, net" in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. We have made no new significant limited partnership commitments since 2006, and the balance of limited partnership investments is expected to decline over time as additional distributions are received.
(2)2024 amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
Schedule of Net Realized and Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)
Realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments were as follows:
Three months ended June 30,Six months ended June 30,
(in thousands)2025202420252024
Available-for-sale securities:  
Gross realized gains$331 $417 $680 $687 
Gross realized losses(762)(2,792)(1,373)(3,324)
Net realized losses on available-for-sale securities(431)(2,375)(693)(2,637)
Equity securities910 580 1,669 2,695 
Miscellaneous
Net realized and unrealized investment gains (losses)$479 $(1,795)$981 $58 


The portion of net unrealized gains recognized during the reporting period related to equity securities held at the reporting date is calculated as follows:
Three months ended June 30,Six months ended June 30,
(in thousands)2025202420252024
Equity securities:
Net gains recognized during the period$910 $580 $1,669 $2,695 
Less: net gains recognized on securities sold15 116 149 330 
Net unrealized gains recognized on securities held at reporting date$895 $464 $1,520 $2,365 
Schedule of Impairments on Investments
Impairments on investments were as follows:
Three months ended June 30,Six months ended June 30,
(in thousands)2025202420252024
Available-for-sale securities:
Intent to sell$(417)$(124)$(417)$(298)
Credit impaired(304)(79)(669)(243)
Total available-for-sale securities(721)(203)(1,086)(541)
Expected credit losses:
Held-to-maturity securities(2,167)
Agent loans(164)
Other loans receivable(188)(185)(573)(357)
Net impairment losses recognized in earnings$(909)$(388)$(1,823)$(3,065)