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Investments in and Advances to Unconsolidated Affiliates
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]  
Investments in and Advances to Unconsolidated Affiliates
Note 7—Investments in and Advances to Unconsolidated Affiliates
Investment in Barstool
In February 2020, we closed on our investment in Barstool pursuant to a stock purchase agreement with Barstool and certain stockholders of Barstool, in which we purchased 36% (inclusive of 1% on a delayed basis) of the common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of Barstool for a purchase price of $161.2 million. The purchase price consisted of $135.0 million in cash and $23.1 million in shares of a new class of non-voting convertible preferred stock of the Company, in which we issued 883 shares of Series D Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 (the “Series D Preferred Stock”), to certain individual stockholders affiliated with Barstool. With respect to the remaining Barstool shares, we had immediately exercisable call rights and the existing Barstool stockholders had put rights, exercisable beginning three years after closing. Pursuant to the Barstool SPA, on August 11, 2023, all remaining outstanding shares of Series D Preferred Stock were converted to common stock. See Note 15, “Stockholders’ Equity” for further information.
Prior to the acquisition of the remaining Barstool shares (which occurred on February 17, 2023 as discussed in Note 6, “Acquisitions and Dispositions”), the Company determined that it did not qualify as the primary beneficiary of Barstool either at the commencement date of its investment or for subsequent periods prior to the acquisition, primarily as a result of the Company not having the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly affect Barstool’s performance. Therefore, the Company did not consolidate the financial position nor the results of operations of Barstool and we recorded our proportionate share of Barstool’s net income or loss one quarter in arrears. As of December 31, 2022, our investment in Barstool was $160.9 million.
Kansas Joint Venture
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, our investment in Kansas Entertainment was $80.8 million and $81.5 million, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, the Company received distributions from Kansas Entertainment totaling $33.3 million, $33.8 million, and $31.8 million, respectively. The Company deems these distributions to be returns on its investment based on the source of those cash flows from the normal business operations of Kansas Entertainment. 
The Company has determined that Kansas Entertainment does not qualify as a VIE. Using the guidance for entities that are not VIEs, the Company determined that it did not have a controlling financial interest in the joint venture, primarily as it did not have the ability to direct the activities of the joint venture that most significantly impacted the joint venture’s economic performance without the input of NASCAR. Therefore, the Company did not consolidate the financial position of Kansas Entertainment as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, nor the results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021.
The following table provides summarized balance sheet and results of operations information related to Kansas Entertainment and our share of income from unconsolidated affiliates from our investment in Kansas Entertainment:
December 31,
(in millions)20232022
Current assets$24.1 $21.1 
Long-term assets$144.0 $142.4 
Current liabilities$21.0 $15.0 
For the year ended December 31,
(in millions)202320222021
Revenues$170.8 $161.9 $149.5 
Operating expenses105.6 99.0 88.7 
Operating income65.2 62.9 60.8 
Net income$65.2 $62.9 $60.8 
Net income attributable to PENN Entertainment, Inc.$32.6 $31.5 $30.4 
Texas and New Jersey Joint Ventures
Sam Houston
The Company had a 50% interest in a joint venture with Sam Houston, which owns and operates the Sam Houston Race Park in Houston, Texas and the Valley Race Park in Harlingen, Texas, and holds a license for a racetrack in Austin, Texas. On August 1, 2021, we completed the acquisition of the remaining 50% ownership interest in Sam Houston. In conjunction with the acquisition, we recorded a gain of $29.9 million on our equity method investment, which is included in “Other” within our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Prior to the August 1, 2021 acquisition of the remaining 50% interest, the Company determined that our Texas joint venture did not qualify as a VIE. Using the guidance for entities that are not VIEs, the Company determined that it did not have a controlling financial interest in the joint venture, primarily as it did not have the ability to direct the activities of the joint venture that most significantly impacted the joint venture’s economic performance without the input of Sam Houston. Therefore, the Company did not consolidate the results of operations of our Texas joint venture for the period of January 1, 2021 through July 31, 2021.
New Jersey
The Company has a 50% interest in a joint venture with Greenwood, which owns and operates Freehold Raceway, in Freehold, New Jersey. The property features a half-mile standardbred racetrack and a grandstand. 
The Company has determined that our New Jersey joint venture does not qualify as a VIE. Using the guidance for entities that are not VIEs, the Company determined that it did not have a controlling financial interest in the joint venture, primarily as it did not have the ability to direct the activities of the joint venture that most significantly impacted the joint venture’s economic performance without the input of Greenwood. Therefore, the Company did not consolidate the financial position of the New Jersey joint venture as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, nor the results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021.