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Table of Contents

1 min

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

   Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2025

or

   Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Commission File Number: 0-24649

Graphic

REPUBLIC BANCORP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Kentucky

61-0862051

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

601 West Market Street, Louisville, Kentucky

40202

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (502) 584-3600

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Class A Common

RBCAA

The Nasdaq Stock Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer 

Accelerated filer 

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company 

Emerging growth company 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes  No

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock, as of July 31, 2025 was 17,381,648 and 2,148,876.

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.

Financial Statements.

4

Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

59

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.

110

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures.

110

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings.

110

Item 1A.

Risk Factors.

110

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

111

Item 5.

Other Information.

111

Item 6.

Exhibits.

112

SIGNATURES

113

2

Table of Contents

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

The terms identified in alphabetical order below are used throughout this Form 10-Q. You may find it helpful to refer to this page as you read this report.

Term

   

Definition

2024 Tax Season

December 2023 through February 2024

2025 Tax Season

December 2024 through February 2025

ACH

Automated Clearing House

ACL

Allowance for Credit Losses

ACLC

Allowance for Credit Losses on Off-Balance Sheet Credit Exposures

ACLL

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

ACLS

Allowance for Credit Losses on Securities

AFS

Available for Sale

AOCI

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

ARM

Adjustable Rate Mortgage

ASC

Accounting Standards Codification

ASU

Accounting Standards Update

Basic EPS

Basic earnings per Class A Common Share

BOLI

Bank Owned Life Insurance

BPO

Brokered Price Opinion

C&D

Construction and Development

C&I

Commercial and Industrial

CCAD

Commercial Credit Administration Department

CD

Certificate of Deposit

CDI

Core Deposit Intangible

CECL

Current Expected Credit Losses

CMO

Collateralized Mortgage Obligation

CODM

Chief Operating Decision Maker

Core Bank

The Traditional Banking and Warehouse Lending reportable segments of the Company

CRE

Commercial Real Estate

DDA

Demand Deposit Account

Diluted EPS

Diluted earnings per Class A Common Share

DTA

Deferred Tax Asset

EPS

Earnings Per Share

ERA

Early Season Refund Advance

ESPP

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

FDIC

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

FFTR

Federal Funds Target Rate

FHLB

Federal Home Loan Bank

FHLMC

Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation

FICO

Fair Isaac Corporation

FNMA

Federal National Mortgage Association

FOMC

Federal Open Market Committee

FRB

Federal Reserve Bank

FTP

Funds Transfer Pricing

GAAP

Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States

HEAL

Home Equity Amortizing Loan

HELOC

Home Equity Line of Credit

HFS

Held for Sale

HTM

Held to Maturity

LOC

Line of Credit

LOC I

RCS product introduced in 2014 for which the Bank participates out a 90% interest and holds a 10% interest

LOC II

RCS product introduced in 2021 for which the Bank participates out a 95% interest and holds a 5% interest

MBS

Mortgage Backed Securities

MSRs

Mortgage Servicing Rights

NA

Not Applicable

NIM

Net Interest Margin

NM

Not Meaningful

OBS

Off-Balance Sheet

OCI

Other Comprehensive Income

OREO

Other Real Estate Owned

PCD

Purchased Credit Deteriorated

Prime

The Wall Street Journal Prime Interest Rate

Provision

Provision for Expected Credit Loss Expense

RA

Refund Advance

RB&T / the Bank

Republic Bank & Trust Company

RCS

Republic Credit Solutions segment

Republic / the Company

Republic Bancorp, Inc.

RPG

Republic Processing Group

RPS

Republic Payment Solutions

RT

Refund Transfer

SBA

U.S. Small Business Administration

SEC

Securities and Exchange Commission

SOFR

Secured Overnight Financing Right

SSUAR

Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase

Tax Provider

Third-party tax preparers located throughout the U.S., as well as tax-preparation software providers that offer Republic Bank ERAs, RAs, and RTs

TBA

To Be Announced

TRS

Tax Refund Solutions segment

TRUP

Trust Preferred Security Investment

Warehouse

Warehouse Lending segment

3

Table of Contents

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED) (in thousands, except share data)

    

June 30, 

    

December 31, 

2025

2024

ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents

$

484,808

$

432,151

Available-for-sale debt securities, at fair value (amortized cost of $715,554 in 2025 and $602,493 in 2024, allowance for credit losses of $0 in 2025 and 2024)

 

705,716

 

584,155

Held-to-maturity debt securities (fair value of $5,408 in 2025 and $10,735 in 2024, allowance for credit losses of $0 in 2025 and 2024)

 

5,434

 

10,778

Equity securities with readily determinable fair value

756

693

Mortgage loans held for sale, at fair value

 

8,850

 

8,312

Consumer loans held for sale, at fair value

8,312

5,443

Consumer loans held for sale, at the lower of cost or fair value

19,640

18,632

Loans

 

5,373,020

 

5,439,466

Allowance for credit losses

 

(81,760)

 

(91,978)

Loans, net

 

5,291,260

 

5,347,488

Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost

 

24,568

 

24,478

Premises and equipment, net

 

36,651

 

32,309

Right-of-use assets

34,327

36,182

Goodwill

 

40,516

 

40,516

Other real estate owned

 

1,054

 

1,160

Bank owned life insurance

 

108,738

 

107,125

Other assets and accrued interest receivable

 

200,287

 

197,245

TOTAL ASSETS

$

6,970,917

$

6,846,667

LIABILITIES

Deposits:

Noninterest-bearing

$

1,223,016

$

1,207,764

Interest-bearing

 

4,094,223

 

4,002,782

Total deposits

 

5,317,239

 

5,210,546

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other short-term borrowings

 

72,103

 

103,318

Operating lease liabilities

35,335

37,121

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

 

370,000

 

395,000

Other liabilities and accrued interest payable

 

116,134

 

108,653

Total liabilities

 

5,910,811

 

5,854,638

Commitments and contingent liabilities (Footnote 8)

 

 

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Preferred stock, no par value

 

 

Class A Common Stock, no par value, 30,000,000 shares authorized, 17,378,294 shares (2025) and 17,297,878 shares (2024) issued and outstanding; Class B Common Stock, no par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized, 2,148,876 shares (2025) and 2,150,090 shares (2024) issued and outstanding

 

4,597

 

4,587

Additional paid in capital

 

153,733

 

148,053

Retained earnings

 

911,337

 

853,627

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

 

(9,561)

 

(14,238)

Total stockholders’ equity

 

1,060,106

 

992,029

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

$

6,970,917

$

6,846,667

See accompanying footnotes to consolidated financial statements.

4

Table of Contents

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share data)

Three Months Ended

    

Six Months Ended

June 30, 

June 30, 

2025

2024

2025

2024

INTEREST INCOME:

Loans, including fees

$

88,940

$

87,222

$

207,797

$

206,129

Taxable investment securities

 

5,778

 

4,528

 

10,335

 

8,980

Federal Home Loan Bank stock and other

 

7,485

 

5,950

 

13,909

 

13,223

Total interest income

 

102,203

 

97,700

 

232,041

 

228,332

INTEREST EXPENSE:

Deposits

 

21,850

 

25,773

 

43,228

 

52,769

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other short-term borrowings

 

140

 

132

 

277

 

262

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

 

4,011

 

3,259

 

9,646

 

9,846

Total interest expense

 

26,001

 

29,164

 

53,151

 

62,877

NET INTEREST INCOME

 

76,202

 

68,536

 

178,890

 

165,455

Provision for expected credit loss expense on loans

 

1,823

 

5,143

 

19,495

 

35,765

NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION

 

74,379

 

63,393

 

159,395

 

129,690

NONINTEREST INCOME:

Service charges on deposit accounts

 

3,505

 

3,526

 

6,965

 

6,839

Net refund transfer fees

 

2,567

 

3,811

 

16,460

 

14,631

Mortgage banking income

 

1,896

 

1,612

 

3,717

 

1,922

Interchange fee income

 

3,200

 

3,351

 

6,277

 

6,508

Program fees

 

4,451

 

4,398

 

8,273

 

8,577

Increase in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance

 

821

 

792

 

1,614

 

1,546

Net losses on other real estate owned

 

(53)

 

(48)

 

(106)

 

(101)

Gain on sale of Visa Class B-1 shares

4,090

Other

 

1,257

 

904

 

3,508

 

1,797

Total noninterest income

 

17,644

 

18,346

 

50,798

 

41,719

NONINTEREST EXPENSE:

Salaries and employee benefits

 

30,801

 

29,143

 

61,870

 

58,859

Technology, equipment, and communication

 

8,684

 

7,340

 

17,327

 

14,830

Occupancy

 

3,391

 

3,409

 

6,955

 

7,231

Marketing and development

 

1,243

 

2,705

 

2,630

 

4,629

FDIC insurance expense

 

731

 

748

 

1,550

 

1,520

Interchange related expense

 

1,488

 

1,412

 

3,124

 

2,710

Legal and professional fees

666

770

1,784

1,825

Core conversion and contract consulting fees

182

5,896

Merger expense

41

Other

 

4,447

 

4,107

 

8,705

 

8,960

Total noninterest expense

 

51,633

 

49,634

 

109,841

 

100,605

INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX EXPENSE

 

40,390

 

32,105

 

100,352

 

70,804

INCOME TAX EXPENSE

 

8,906

 

6,899

 

21,600

 

14,992

NET INCOME

$

31,484

$

25,206

$

78,752

$

55,812

BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE:

Class A Common Stock

$

1.62

$

1.31

$

4.04

$

2.88

Class B Common Stock

1.47

1.18

3.68

2.62

DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE:

Class A Common Stock

$

1.61

$

1.30

$

4.03

$

2.87

Class B Common Stock

1.47

1.18

3.66

2.61

See accompanying footnotes to consolidated financial statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

Three Months Ended

    

Six Months Ended

June 30, 

June 30, 

2025

    

2024

2025

    

2024

Net income

$

31,484

$

25,206

$

78,752

$

55,812

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Change in fair value of derivatives

 

(733)

 

(446)

 

(2,173)

 

(446)

Reclassification amount for net derivative losses realized in income

 

(45)

 

(91)

 

(91)

 

(91)

Unrealized gain on AFS debt securities

 

3,583

 

2,043

 

8,500

 

2,692

Total other comprehensive income before income tax

 

2,805

 

1,506

 

6,236

 

2,155

Income tax expense related to items of other comprehensive income

 

(701)

 

(377)

 

(1,559)

 

(540)

Total other comprehensive income, net of tax

 

2,104

 

1,129

 

4,677

 

1,615

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

$

33,588

$

26,335

$

83,429

$

57,427

See accompanying footnotes to consolidated financial statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

Three Months Ended June 30, 2025

Common Stock

Accumulated

    

Class A

    

Class B

    

    

    

Additional

    

    

    

Other

    

Total

Shares

Shares

Paid In

Retained

Comprehensive

Stockholders’

(in thousands, except per share data)

Outstanding

Outstanding

Amount

Capital

Earnings

Income (Loss)

Equity

Balance, April 1, 2025

 

17,368

2,150

$

4,594

$

151,473

$

889,687

$

(11,665)

$

1,034,089

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

31,484

 

 

31,484

Net change in AOCI

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,104

 

2,104

Dividends declared on Common Stock:

Class A Shares ($0.451 per share)

 

 

 

 

 

(7,803)

 

 

(7,803)

Class B Shares ($0.410 per share)

 

 

 

 

 

(881)

 

 

(881)

Stock options exercised, net of shares withheld

 

10

 

 

2

 

937

 

(949)

 

 

(10)

Conversion of Class B to Class A Common Shares

1

 

(1)

 

 

 

 

 

Repurchase of Class A Common Stock

(1)

 

 

 

(8)

 

(64)

 

 

(72)

Deferred compensation - Class A Common Stock:

 

Directors

 

 

 

159

 

 

 

159

Designated key employees

 

 

 

(11)

 

 

 

(11)

Employee stock purchase plan - Class A Common Stock

3

 

 

 

191

 

 

 

191

Stock-based awards - Class A Common Stock:

Performance stock units

 

 

 

 

36

 

 

 

36

Restricted stock, net of shares withheld

 

(3)

 

 

1

 

797

 

(137)

 

 

661

Stock options

 

 

 

 

159

 

 

 

159

Balance, June 30, 2025

17,378

2,149

$

4,597

$

153,733

$

911,337

$

(9,561)

$

1,060,106

Three Months Ended June 30, 2024

Common Stock

Accumulated

    

Class A

    

Class B

    

    

    

Additional

    

    

    

Other

    

Total

Shares

Shares

Paid In

Retained

Comprehensive

Stockholders’

(in thousands, except per share data)

Outstanding

Outstanding

Amount

Capital

Earnings

Income (Loss)

Equity

Balance, April 1, 2024

 

17,260

2,151

$

4,578

$

142,091

$

808,836

$

(19,922)

$

935,583

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

25,206

 

 

25,206

Net change in AOCI

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,129

 

1,129

Dividends declared on Common Stock:

Class A Shares ($0.407 per share)

 

 

 

 

 

(6,996)

 

 

(6,996)

Class B Shares ($0.370 per share)

 

 

 

 

 

(796)

 

 

(796)

Stock options exercised, net of shares withheld

 

10

 

 

2

 

706

 

(472)

 

 

236

Conversion of Class B to Class A Common Shares

 

1

 

(1)

 

 

 

 

 

Net change in notes receivable on Class A Common Stock

 

 

 

 

46

 

 

 

46

Deferred compensation - Class A Common Stock:

 

Directors

 

 

1

 

376

 

 

 

377

Designated key employees

 

 

 

229

 

 

 

229

Employee stock purchase plan - Class A Common Stock

4

 

 

1

 

213

 

 

 

214

Stock-based awards - Class A Common Stock:

Performance stock units

 

 

 

 

36

 

 

 

36

Restricted stock, net of shares withheld

 

 

 

(1)

 

279

 

(282)

 

 

(4)

Stock options

 

 

 

 

163

 

 

 

163

Balance, June 30, 2024

 

17,275

 

2,150

$

4,581

$

144,139

$

825,496

$

(18,793)

$

955,423

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Table of Contents

Six Months Ended June 30, 2025

Common Stock

Accumulated

    

Class A

    

Class B

    

    

    

Additional

    

    

    

Other

    

Total

Shares

Shares

Paid In

Retained

Comprehensive

Stockholders’

(in thousands, except per share data)

Outstanding

Outstanding

Amount

Capital

Earnings

Income (Loss)

Equity

Balance, January 1, 2025

 

17,298

2,150

$

4,587

$

148,053

$

853,627

$

(14,238)

$

992,029

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

78,752

 

 

78,752

Net change in AOCI

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,677

 

4,677

Dividends declared on Common Stock:

Class A Shares ($0.902 per share)

 

 

 

 

 

(15,602)

 

 

(15,602)

Class B Shares ($0.820 per share)

 

 

 

 

 

(1,763)

 

 

(1,763)

Stock options exercised, net of shares withheld

 

46

 

 

10

 

3,608

 

(3,253)

 

 

365

Conversion of Class B to Class A Common Shares

1

 

(1)

 

 

 

 

 

Repurchase of Class A Common Stock

(1)

 

 

 

(8)

 

(64)

 

 

(72)

Net change in notes receivable on Class A Common Stock

 

 

 

 

(48)

 

 

 

(48)

Deferred compensation - Class A Common Stock:

 

Directors

 

 

 

302

 

 

 

302

Designated key employees

18

 

 

(1)

 

258

 

(179)

 

 

78

Employee stock purchase plan - Class A Common Stock

6

 

 

1

 

367

 

 

 

368

Stock-based awards - Class A Common Stock:

Performance stock units

 

 

 

 

72

 

 

 

72

Restricted stock, net of shares withheld

 

10

 

 

 

814

 

(181)

 

 

633

Stock options

 

 

 

 

315

 

 

 

315

Balance, June 30, 2025

17,378

2,149

$

4,597

$

153,733

$

911,337

$

(9,561)

$

1,060,106

Six Months Ended June 30, 2024

Common Stock

Accumulated

    

Class A

    

Class B

    

    

    

Additional

    

    

    

Other

    

Total

Shares

Shares

Paid In

Retained

Comprehensive

Stockholders’

(in thousands, except per share data)

Outstanding

Outstanding

Amount

Capital

Earnings

Income (Loss)

Equity

Balance, January 1, 2024

 

17,203

2,155

$

4,553

$

142,124

$

786,487

$

(20,408)

$

912,756

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

55,812

 

 

55,812

Net change in AOCI

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,615

 

1,615

Dividends declared on Common Stock:

Class A Shares ($0.814 per share)

 

 

 

 

 

(13,982)

 

 

(13,982)

Class B Shares ($0.740 per share)

 

 

 

 

 

(1,592)

 

 

(1,592)

Stock options exercised, net of shares withheld

 

47

 

 

28

 

17

 

(909)

 

 

(864)

Conversion of Class B to Class A Common Shares

 

5

 

(5)

 

 

 

 

 

Net change in notes receivable on Class A Common Stock

 

 

 

 

46

 

 

 

46

Deferred compensation - Class A Common Stock:

 

Directors

 

 

 

511

 

 

 

511

Designated key employees

11

 

 

 

396

 

 

 

396

Employee stock purchase plan - Class A Common Stock

8

 

 

2

 

396

 

 

 

398

Stock-based awards - Class A Common Stock:

Performance stock units

 

 

 

 

72

 

 

 

72

Restricted stock, net of shares withheld

 

1

 

 

(2)

 

245

 

(320)

 

 

(77)

Stock options

 

 

 

 

332

 

 

 

332

Balance, June 30, 2024

 

17,275

 

2,150

$

4,581

$

144,139

$

825,496

$

(18,793)

$

955,423

See accompanying footnotes to consolidated financial statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

  

Six Months Ended

June 30, 

    

2025

    

2024

OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

Net income

$

78,752

$

55,812

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Net amortization on investment securities and low-income housing investments

 

4,269

 

3,025

Net accretion and amortization on loans and deposits

 

(1,947)

 

(1,442)

Unrealized and realized losses on equity securities with readily determinable fair value

(63)

(107)

Depreciation of premises and equipment

 

3,540

 

3,565

Amortization of mortgage servicing rights

 

827

 

849

Provision for on-balance sheet exposures

 

19,495

 

35,765

Provision for off-balance sheet exposures

10

(230)

Net gain on sale of mortgage loans held for sale

 

(2,894)

 

(1,017)

Origination of mortgage loans held for sale

 

(93,021)

 

(79,752)

Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans held for sale

 

95,377

 

75,290

Net gain on sale of consumer loans held for sale

(7,100)

(7,044)

Origination of consumer loans held for sale

(587,778)

(590,488)

Proceeds from sale of consumer loans held for sale

590,673

589,339

Net gain realized on sale of other real estate owned

 

 

(4)

Writedowns of other real estate owned

 

106

 

105

Deferred compensation expense - Class A Common Stock

 

380

 

907

Stock-based awards and ESPP expense - Class A Common Stock

 

1,075

 

387

Amortization of right-of-use assets

 

3,049

2,971

Repayment of operating lease liabilities

(2,985)

 

(2,937)

Increase in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance

 

(1,614)

 

(1,546)

Net change in other assets and liabilities:

Accrued interest receivable

 

(651)

 

(1,089)

Accrued interest payable

 

(676)

 

(237)

Other assets

 

(5,085)

 

(5,647)

Other liabilities

 

7,899

 

(1,270)

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

101,638

 

75,205

INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

Purchases of available-for-sale debt securities

 

(318,782)

 

(50,000)

Proceeds from calls, maturities and paydowns of equity and available-for-sale debt securities

 

205,765

 

163,090

Proceeds from calls, maturities and paydowns of held-to-maturity debt securities

 

5,344

 

284

Net change in outstanding warehouse lines of credit

 

(121,013)

 

(209,288)

Net change in other loans, net of allowance

 

154,886

 

81,063

Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans transferred to held for sale

67,176

Net proceeds from sale of consumer loans transferred to held for sale

 

5,305

 

Purchases of Federal Home Loan Bank stock

(90)

(70)

Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned

 

 

173

Investments in low-income housing tax partnerships

(10,085)

(6,190)

Net purchases of premises and equipment

 

(4,909)

 

(3,378)

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

 

(83,579)

 

42,860

FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

Net change in deposits

 

106,693

 

15,884

Net change in securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other short-term borrowings

 

(31,215)

 

(25,020)

Payments of Federal Home Loan Bank advances

 

(503,000)

 

(760,000)

Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank advances

 

478,000

 

750,000

Repurchase of Class A Common Stock

 

(72)

 

Net proceeds from Class A Common Stock purchased through employee stock purchase plan

313

338

Net proceeds from option exercises and equity awards vested - Class A Common Stock

 

365

 

(864)

Cash dividends paid

 

(16,486)

 

(14,911)

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

 

34,598

 

(34,573)

NET CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

 

52,657

 

83,492

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD

 

432,151

 

316,567

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD

$

484,808

$

400,059

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASHFLOW INFORMATION:

Cash paid during the period for:

Interest

$

53,827

$

63,115

Income taxes

 

16,128

 

16,050

SUPPLEMENTAL NONCASH DISCLOSURES:

Mortgage servicing rights capitalized

$

693

$

468

Transfers from loans to real estate acquired in settlement of loans

169

Net transfers from loans held for investment to loans held for sale

4,977

68,173

New unfunded obligations in low-income-housing investments

7,000

11,000

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities

1,194

Premises and equipment obtained through the use of vendor credits

2,973

See accompanying footnotes to consolidated financial statements.

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Table of Contents

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS –JUNE 30, 2025 and 2024 AND DECEMBER 31, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation — The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Republic Bancorp, Inc. (the “Parent Company”) and its wholly owned subsidiary, Republic Bank & Trust Company. As used in this filing, the terms “Republic,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” and “us” refer to Republic Bancorp, Inc., and, where the context requires, Republic Bancorp, Inc., and its subsidiary. The term the “Bank” refers to the Company’s subsidiary bank, Republic Bank & Trust Company, as well as, its wholly owned subsidiary, RBT Insurance Agency LLC. All significant intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

Republic is a financial holding company headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky. The Bank is a Kentucky-based, state-chartered non-member financial institution that provides both traditional and non-traditional banking products through five reportable segments using a multitude of delivery channels. While the Bank operates primarily in its geographical market footprint where it has physical locations, its non-brick-and-mortar delivery channels allow it to reach clients across the U.S.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, the financial statements do not include all the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2025. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in Republic’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Certain amounts presented in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications had no impact on previously reported prior periods’ net income or shareholders’ equity.

BUSINESS SEGMENT COMPOSITION

As of June 30, 2025, the Company was divided into five reportable segments: Traditional Banking, Warehouse Lending, TRS, RPS, and RCS. Management considers the first two segments to collectively constitute “Core Bank” or “Core Banking” operations, while the last three segments collectively constitute RPG operations.

The Company’s Executive Chair and Chief Executive Officer serve as the Company’s CODM’s. Income (loss) before income tax expense is the reportable measure of segment profit or loss that the CODM’s regularly review and utilize to allocate resources and assess performance.

Core Bank

The Core Bank consists of the Traditional Banking and Warehouse Lending segments.

(I)Traditional Banking segment

The Traditional Banking segment provides traditional banking products primarily to customers in the Company’s market footprint ,with all products and services generally offered under the Company’s traditional RB&T brand. As of June 30, 2025, Republic had 47 full-service banking centers with locations as follows:

Kentucky — 29

Metropolitan Louisville — 19

Central Kentucky — 6

Georgetown — 1

Lexington — 5

Northern Kentucky (Metropolitan Cincinnati) — 4

Bellevue— 1

Covington — 1

Crestview Hills — 1

Florence — 1

Indiana — 3

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Table of Contents

Southern Indiana (Metropolitan Louisville) — 3

Floyds Knobs — 1

Jeffersonville — 1

New Albany — 1

Florida — 7

Metropolitan Tampa — 7

Ohio — 4

Metropolitan Cincinnati — 4

Tennessee — 4

Metropolitan Nashville — 4

Republic’s headquarters are in Louisville, which is the largest city in Kentucky based on population.

Traditional Banking results of operations are primarily dependent upon net interest income, which represents the difference between the interest income and fees on interest-earning assets and the interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities. Principal interest-earning Traditional Banking assets represent investment securities and commercial and consumer loans primarily secured by real estate and/or personal property. Interest-bearing liabilities primarily consist of interest-bearing deposit accounts, SSUAR, as well as short-term and long-term borrowing sources. FHLB advances have traditionally served as a significant borrowing and liquidity source for the Bank.

Other sources of Traditional Banking income include service charges on deposit accounts, mortgage banking income, debit and credit card interchange fee income, title insurance commissions, swap fee income and increases in the cash surrender value of BOLI.

Traditional Banking operating expenses consist primarily of salaries and employee benefits; technology, equipment, and communication; occupancy; interchange related expense; marketing and development; FDIC insurance expense, and various other general and administrative costs. Traditional Banking results of operations are significantly impacted by general economic and competitive conditions, particularly changes in market interest rates, government laws and policies, and actions of regulatory agencies.

(II)Warehouse Lending segment

The Core Bank provides short-term, revolving credit facilities to mortgage bankers across the U.S. through mortgage warehouse lines of credit. These credit facilities are primarily secured by single-family, first-lien residential real estate loans. The credit facility enables the mortgage banking clients to close single-family, first-lien residential real estate loans in their own name and temporarily fund their inventory of these closed loans until the loans are sold to investors approved by the Bank. Individual loans are expected to remain on the warehouse LOC for an average of 15 to 30 days. Advances for reverse mortgage loans and construction loans typically remain on the LOC longer than conventional mortgage loans. Interest income and loan fees are accrued for each individual advance during the time the advance remains on the warehouse LOC and collected when the loan is sold. The Core Bank receives the sale proceeds of each loan directly from the investor and applies the funds to pay off the warehouse advance and related accrued interest and fees. The remaining proceeds are credited to the mortgage banking client.

Republic Processing Group

(III)Tax Refund Solutions segment

Through the TRS segment, the Bank facilitates the receipt and payment of federal and state tax refund products and offers a credit product through third-party tax preparers located throughout the U.S., as well as tax-preparation software providers that offer Republic Bank ERAs, RAs, and RTs (collectively, the “Tax Providers”). The majority of the business generated by the TRS business occurs during the first half of each year. During the second half of each year, TRS generates limited revenue and incurs costs preparing for the next year’s tax season. During December 2024 and 2003, TRS originated ERAs related to tax returns that were anticipated to be filed during the first quarter of the following tax filing season.

RTs are fee-based products whereby a tax refund is issued to the taxpayer after the Bank has received the refund from the federal or state government. There is no credit risk or borrowing cost associated with these products because they are only delivered to the taxpayer upon receipt of the tax refund directly from the governmental paying authority. Fees earned by the Company on RTs, net of revenue share, are reported as noninterest income under the line item “Net refund transfer fees.”

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Table of Contents

The RA product is a loan made in conjunction with the filing of a taxpayer’s federal tax return, which allows the taxpayer to borrow funds as an advance of a portion of their tax refund. The RA product had the following features during the 2024 and 2025 Tax Seasons:

Offered only during the first two months of each year;
The taxpayer was given the option to choose from multiple loan-amount tiers, subject to underwriting, up to a maximum advance amount of $6,500 for the 2024 Tax Season and $6,250 for the 2025 Tax Season;
No requirement that the taxpayer pays for another bank product, such as an RT;
Multiple disbursement methods were available through most Tax Providers, including direct deposit, prepaid card, or check, based on the taxpayer-customer’s election;
Repayment of the RA to the Bank is deducted from the taxpayer’s tax refund proceeds; and
If an insufficient refund to repay the RA occurs:
there is no recourse to the taxpayer,
no negative credit reporting on the taxpayer, and
no collection efforts against the taxpayer.

Since its introduction in December of 2022, the ERA loan product has been structured similarly to the RA, with the primary differences being the timing of when the ERAs are originated and the documentation available to underwrite the ERAs. The ERA is originated prior to the taxpayer receiving their fiscal year taxable income documentation, e.g., W-2, and the filing of the taxpayer’s final federal tax return. As such, the Company generally uses paystub information to underwrite the ERA. The repayment of the ERA is incumbent upon the taxpayer client returning to the Bank’s Tax Provider for the filing of their final federal tax return in order for the tax refund to potentially be received by the Bank from the federal government to pay off the advance. The ERA product had the following features during the 2024 and 2025 Tax Seasons:

Only offered during December and the up-coming January in connection with the upcoming first quarter tax business for each period;
The taxpayer had the option to choose from multiple loan tiers, subject to underwriting, up to a maximum advance amount of $1,000 for the 2024 Tax Season and $2,000 for the 2025 Tax Season;
No requirement that the taxpayer pays for another bank product, such as an RT;
Multiple disbursement methods available through most Tax Providers, including direct deposit or prepaid card, based on the taxpayer-customer’s election;
Repayment of the ERA to the Bank via deduction from the taxpayer’s tax refund proceeds; and
If a tax refund is insufficient to repay the ERA, including but not limited to the failure to file a final federal tax return through a Republic Tax Provider:
there is no recourse to the taxpayer,
no negative credit reporting on the taxpayer, and
no collection efforts against the taxpayer.

The Company reports fees paid for RAs, including ERAs, as “Interest income on loans.” The number of days for delinquency eligibility is based on management’s annual analysis of tax return processing times. RAs, including ERAs that were originated related to the first quarter 2024 tax filing season were repaid, on average, within 32 days after the taxpayer’s tax return was submitted to the applicable taxing authority. Since RAs do not have a contractual due date, the Company considered an RA delinquent during 2025 if it remained unpaid 35 days after the taxpayer’s tax return was submitted to the applicable taxing authority.

Provisions on RAs are estimated when advances are made. Unpaid RAs, including ERAs, related to the first quarter tax filing season of a given year are considered delinquent at June 30th of that year and charged-off. In addition, as of June 30, 2025, RAs that were subject to Tax Provider loan loss guarantees were charged-off and immediately recorded as recoveries of previously charged-off loans with corresponding receivables recorded in other assets for the Tax Provider guarantees. Those corresponding receivables are expected to be settled during the third quarter of 2025. RAs collected during the second half of the year, not subject to loan loss guarantee arrangements, are recorded as recoveries of previously charged-off loans.

Related to the overall credit losses on RAs, including ERAs, the Bank’s ability to control losses is highly dependent upon its ability to predict the taxpayer’s likelihood to receive the tax refund as claimed on the taxpayer’s tax return. In addition, the Bank’s ability to control losses for the ERA product is highly dependent upon the taxpayer returning to a Tax Provider for the filing of their final tax return. Each year, the Bank’s RA approval model is based primarily on the prior-year’s tax refund payment patterns. Because the substantial majority of the RA volume occurs each year before that year’s tax refund payment patterns can be analyzed and subsequent

12

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underwriting changes made, credit losses during a current year could be higher than management’s predictions if tax refund payment patterns change materially between years.

In response to changes in the legal, regulatory, and competitive environment, management annually reviews and revises the RA, including the ERA, product parameters. Further changes in the RA product parameters do not ensure positive results and could have an overall material negative impact on the performance of all RA product offerings and therefore on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.

(IV)Republic Payment Solutions segment

The RPS segment offers a range of payment-related products and services to consumers through third-party service providers. Through the Bank, the RPS segment offers both issuing solutions and money movement capabilities.

Issuing Solutions:

The RPS segment offers prepaid and debit solutions primarily marketed to the consumer industry. Prepaid solutions include the issuing of payroll and general purpose reloadable cards. Characteristics of these cards include the following:

Similar to a traditional debit card with features including traditional point of sale purchasing, automatic teller machine withdrawals and direct deposit;
Funds associated with these products are typically held in pooled accounts at the Bank, with the Bank maintaining records of individual balances within these pooled accounts; and
Payroll cards facilitate the loading of an employer’s payroll onto a card via direct deposit, with payroll and general purpose reloadable cards generally distributed through retail locations and reloadable through participating retail load networks.

Debit solutions include the issuing of DDAs, savings accounts and/or debit cards. In addition to offering traditional point of sale purchasing, automated teller machine withdrawals, and direct deposit options, these accounts may include overdraft protection.

Money Movement:

Through the Bank, the RPS segment participates in traditional money movement solutions including ACH transactions, wire transfer, check processing, and the Mastercard Remote Payment and Presentment Service. These capabilities are also complementary products facilitating the movement of money for other RPG divisions.

The Company reports its share of client-related charges and fees for RPS programs under RPS program fees. Additionally, the Company’s portion of interchange revenue generated by prepaid card transactions is reported as noninterest income under “Interchange fee income.” The Company began sharing interest income revenue with its largest prepaid marketer-servicer during 2024, with the interest shared reported as “Interest expense on deposits.” The Company has not shared interest income revenue with its largest prepaid marketer-servicer for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, as minimum deposit balance thresholds were not met.

(V)Republic Credit Solutions segment

Through the Bank, the RCS segment offers consumer credit products. In general, the credit products are unsecured, small dollar consumer loans that are dependent on various factors. RCS loans typically earn a higher yield but also have higher credit risk compared to loans originated through the Traditional Banking segment, with a significant portion of RCS clients considered subprime or near-prime borrowers. Through the Bank, RCS uses third-party service providers for certain services such as marketing and loan servicing for (1) RCS’ LOC products, (2) RCS’ installment loan product and (3) RCS’ healthcare receivables products.

LOC Products:

Through the Bank, RCS uses third-party service providers to originate two LOC products to generally subprime borrowers or near-prime borrowers. in multiple states. Elastic Marketing, LLC and Elevate Decision Sciences, LLC are third-party service providers for the LOC I product and are subject to the Bank’s oversight and supervision. Together, these companies provide certain marketing, servicing, technology, and support services, while a separate third-party provides customer support, servicing, and other services on the Bank’s behalf. The Bank is the lender for this product and is marketed as such. Furthermore, the Bank controls the loan terms and underwriting guidelines, and the Bank exercises consumer compliance oversight of the product.

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The Bank sells participation interests in this product. These participation interests are a 90% interest in advances made to borrowers under the borrower’s LOC account, and the participation interests are generally sold three business days following the Bank’s funding of the associated advances. Although the Bank retains a 10% participation interest in each advance, it maintains 100% ownership of the underlying LOC I account with each borrower. Loan balances HFS through this program are carried at the lower of cost or fair value.

Similar to its LOC I product, the Bank provides oversight and supervision to a third-party for its LOC II product. In return, this third-party provides the Bank with marketing services and loan servicing for the LOC II product. The Bank is the lender for this product and is marketed as such. Furthermore, the Bank controls the loan terms and underwriting guidelines, and the Bank exercises consumer compliance oversight of this product.

The Bank sells 95% participation interests in the LOC II product. These participation interests are generally sold three business days following the Bank’s funding of the associated advances. Although the Bank retains a 5% participation interest in each advance, it maintains 100% ownership of the underlying LOC II account with each borrower. Loan balances HFS through this program are carried at the lower of cost or fair value.

Installment Loan Product:

Through RCS, the Bank offers installment loans with terms ranging from 12 to 60 months to borrowers in multiple states. The same third-party service provider for RCS’s LOC II is the third-party provider for the installment loans. This third-party provider is subject to the Bank’s oversight and supervision and provides the Bank with marketing services and loan servicing for these RCS installment loans. The Bank is the lender for these loans and is marketed as such. Furthermore, the Bank controls the loan terms and underwriting guidelines, and the Bank exercises consumer compliance oversight of this RCS installment loan product. Currently, all loan balances originated under this RCS installment loan program are carried as HFS on the Bank’s balance sheet, with the intention to sell these loans to a third-party, who is an affiliate of the Bank’s third-party service provider, generally within 16 days following the Bank’s origination of the loans. Loans originated under this RCS installment loan program are carried at fair value under a fair-value option, with the portfolio marked to market monthly.

Healthcare Receivables Products:

Through RCS, Bank originates healthcare receivables products across the U.S. through three different third-party service providers.

For two of the programs, the Bank retains 100% of the receivables, with recourse in the event of default.

For the remaining program, in some instances the Bank retains 100% of the receivables originated, with recourse in the event of default, and in other instances, the Bank sells 100% of the receivables generally within one month of origination. Loan balances HFS through this program are carried at the lower of cost or fair value.

For the RCS LOC and healthcare receivable products, the Company reports interest income and loan origination fees earned on RCS loans under “Loans, including fees,” while any net gains or losses on sale and mark-to-market adjustments of RCS loans are reported as noninterest income under “Program fees.” The Company has elected fair value accounting for its RCS installment loan product that it sells after an initial holding period. As a result, interest income on loans, loan origination fees, net gains or losses on sale, and mark-to-market adjustments for the RCS installment product are reported as noninterest income under “Program fees.”

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Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

The following ASUs were adopted by the Company during the six months ended June 30, 2025:

Method of

Financial

ASU. No.

    

Topic

    

Nature of Update

    

Date Adopted

    

Adoption

    

Statement Impact

2024-02

Codification Improvements—Amendments to Remove References to the Concepts Statements

This ASU contains amendments to the Codification that remove references to various Concepts Statements. In most instances the references are extraneous and not required to understand or apply the guidance. In other instances, the references were used in prior Statements to provide guidance in certain topical areas.

January 1, 2025

Prospectively

Immaterial

Accounting Standards Update

The following not-yet-effective ASUs are considered relevant to the Company’s financial statements.

Date Adoption

Adoption

Expected

ASU. No.

Topic

Nature of Update

Required

Method

Financial Impact

2023-09

Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures

Among other things, these amendments require that public business entities on an annual basis (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and income tax paid information and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold (if the effect of those reconciling items is equal to or greater than 5 percent of the amount computed by multiplying pretax income [or loss] by the applicable statutory income tax rate).

Annual reporting periods beginning after Dec. 15, 2024.

Prospectively

The Company will update its income tax disclosures upon adoption within its 2025 Form 10-K.

2024-03

Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses

This ASU requires public companies to disclose, in the notes to financial statements, specified information about certain costs and expenses at each interim and annual reporting period.

Annual reporting periods beginning after Dec. 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after Dec. 15, 2027.

Retrospectively

The Company is currently analyzing the impact of this ASU on its financial statements.











2025-01

Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date

This ASU amends the effective date of ASU No. 2024-03 to clarify that all public business entities are required to adopt the guidance in annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027.

Annual reporting periods beginning after Dec. 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after Dec. 15, 2027.

Retrospectively

The Company is currently analyzing the impact of this ASU on its financial statements.










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2. INVESTMENT SECURITIES

Available-for-Sale Debt Securities

The following tables summarize the amortized cost and fair value of AFS debt securities along with the corresponding amounts of related gross unrealized gains and losses recognized in AOCI:

    

    

Gross

    

Gross

 

    

Amortized

Unrealized

Unrealized

 

Fair

June 30, 2025 (in thousands)

Cost

Gains

Losses

 

Value

U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. Government agencies

$

309,918

$

71

$

(3,566)

$

306,423

Private label mortgage-backed security

 

48

 

1,441

 

 

1,489

Mortgage-backed securities - residential

 

381,853

 

1,533

 

(8,788)

 

374,598

Collateralized mortgage obligations

 

18,837

 

25

 

(732)

 

18,130

Corporate bonds

 

1,003

 

 

(2)

 

1,001

Trust preferred security

 

3,895

 

180

 

 

4,075

Total available-for-sale debt securities

$

715,554

$

3,250

$

(13,088)

$

705,716

    

    

Gross

    

Gross

 

    

Amortized

Unrealized

Unrealized

 

Fair

December 31, 2024 (in thousands)

Cost

Gains

Losses

 

Value

U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. Government agencies

$

395,609

$

4

$

(6,527)

$

389,086

Private label mortgage-backed security

 

121

 

1,429

 

 

1,550

Mortgage-backed securities - residential

 

180,765

 

193

 

(12,725)

 

168,233

Collateralized mortgage obligations

 

20,127

 

27

 

(911)

 

19,243

Corporate bonds

 

2,008

 

1

 

 

2,009

Trust preferred security

 

3,863

 

171

 

 

4,034

Total available-for-sale debt securities

$

602,493

$

1,825

$

(20,163)

$

584,155

Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities

The following tables summarize the amortized cost and fair value of HTM debt securities along with the corresponding amounts of related gross unrecognized gains and losses:

    

    

    

Gross

    

Gross

    

    

Amortized

Unrecognized

Unrecognized

Fair

June 30, 2025 (in thousands)

Cost

Gains

Losses

Value

Mortgage-backed securities - residential

$

14

$

$

$

14

Collateralized mortgage obligations

 

5,420

 

30

 

(56)

 

5,394

Total held-to-maturity debt securities

$

5,434

$

30

$

(56)

$

5,408

    

    

    

Gross

    

Gross

    

    

Amortized

Unrecognized

Unrecognized

Fair

December 31, 2024 (in thousands)

Cost

Gains

Losses

Value

Mortgage-backed securities - residential

$

23

$

1

$

$

24

Collateralized mortgage obligations

 

5,756

 

36

 

(86)

 

5,706

Corporate bonds

 

4,999

 

6

 

 

5,005

Total held-to-maturity debt securities

$

10,778

$

43

$

(86)

$

10,735

Sales and Calls of Available-for-Sale Debt Securities

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024, there were no material gains or losses on sales or calls of AFS debt securities.

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Debt Securities by Contractual Maturity

The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities by contractual maturity as of June 30, 2025, follow. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities if borrowers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Securities not due at a single maturity date are detailed separately.

Available-for-Sale

Held-to-Maturity

Debt Securities

Debt Securities

    

Amortized

    

Fair

    

Amortized

    

Fair

June 30, 2025 (in thousands)

Cost

Value

Cost

Value

Due in one year or less

$

100,964

$

100,536

$

$

Due from one year to five years

 

209,957

 

206,888

 

 

Due from five years to ten years

 

 

 

 

Due beyond ten years

 

3,895

 

4,075

 

 

Private label mortgage-backed security

 

48

 

1,489

 

 

Mortgage-backed securities - residential

 

381,853

 

374,598

 

14

 

14

Collateralized mortgage obligations

 

18,837

 

18,130

 

5,420

 

5,394

Total debt securities

$

715,554

$

705,716

$

5,434

$

5,408

Unrealized Loss Analysis on Debt Securities

The following tables summarize AFS debt securities in an unrealized loss position for which an ACLS had not been recorded as of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, aggregated by investment category and length of time in a continuous unrealized loss position:

Less than 12 months

12 months or more

Total

    

    

Unrealized

    

    

Unrealized

    

    

Unrealized

June 30, 2025 (in thousands)

Fair Value

Losses

Fair Value

Losses

Fair Value

Losses

Available-for-sale debt securities:

U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. Government agencies

$

124,835

$

(130)

$

156,540

$

(3,436)

$

281,375

$

(3,566)

Mortgage-backed securities - residential

23,761

(198)

95,000

(8,590)

118,761

(8,788)

Collateralized mortgage obligations

433

(1)

15,156

(731)

15,589

(732)

Corporate bonds

1,001

(2)

1,001

(2)

Total available-for-sale debt securities

$

150,030

$

(331)

$

266,696

$

(12,757)

$

416,726

$

(13,088)

Less than 12 months

12 months or more

Total

    

    

Unrealized

    

    

Unrealized

    

    

Unrealized

December 31, 2024 (in thousands)

Fair Value

Losses

Fair Value

Losses

Fair Value

Losses

Available-for-sale debt securities:

U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. Government agencies

$

145,048

$

(212)

$

209,033

$

(6,315)

$

354,081

$

(6,527)

Mortgage-backed securities - residential

52,347

(874)

104,453

(11,851)

156,800

(12,725)

Collateralized mortgage obligations

700

(8)

15,951

(903)

16,651

(911)

Total available-for-sale debt securities

$

198,095

$

(1,094)

$

329,437

$

(19,069)

$

527,532

$

(20,163)

As of June 30, 2025, the Bank’s security portfolio consisted of 185 securities, 98 of which were in an unrealized loss position.

As of December 31, 2024, the Bank’s security portfolio consisted of 182 securities, 114 of which were in an unrealized loss position.

As of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, there were no holdings of debt securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. government and its agencies, in an amount greater than 10% of stockholders’ equity.

Mortgage-Backed Securities and Collateralized Mortgage Obligations

As of June 30, 2025, with the exception of the $1.5 million private label MBS, all other MBS and CMOs held by the Bank were issued by U.S. government-sponsored entities and agencies, primarily the FHLMC and FNMA. As of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, there were gross unrealized losses of approximately $10 million and $14 million related to AFS MBS and CMOs. Because these unrealized losses are attributable to changes in interest rates and illiquidity, and not credit quality, and because the Bank does not have the intent to sell these securities and it is likely that it will not be required to sell the securities before their anticipated recovery, management does not consider these securities to have credit-related impairment that would require a provision adjustment to the ACLS.

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Table of Contents

There were no HTM debt securities on nonaccrual or past due 90 days or more as of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024. All of the Company’s HTM corporate bonds were rated investment grade as of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024. There were no HTM debt securities considered collateral dependent as of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024.

Accrued interest on AFS debt securities is presented as a component of other assets on the Company’s balance sheet and is excluded from the ACLS, if applicable. Accrued interest on AFS debt securities totaled $4 million and $3 million as of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024. Accrued interest receivable on HTM debt securities totaled $14,000 as of June 30, 2025, and $60,000 as of December 31, 2024.

Pledged Debt Securities

Debt securities pledged to secure public deposits, SSUAR, and debt securities held for other purposes, as required or permitted by law, were as follows:

As of

(in thousands)

    

June 30, 2025

    

December 31, 2024

Amortized cost

$

192,816

$

205,160

Fair value

 

189,031

 

199,607

Carrying amount

189,031

199,607

Equity Securities

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and fair value of equity securities with readily determinable fair values were as follows:

    

    

Gross

    

Gross

    

    

Amortized

Unrealized

Unrealized

Fair

June 30, 2025 (in thousands)

Cost

Gains

Losses

Value

Freddie Mac preferred stock

$

$

756

$

$

756

Total equity securities

$

$

756

$

$

756

    

    

Gross

    

Gross

    

    

Amortized

Unrealized

Unrealized

Fair

December 31, 2024 (in thousands)

Cost

Gains

Losses

Value

Freddie Mac preferred stock

$

$

693

$

$

693

Total equity securities

$

$

693

$

$

693

For equity securities with readily determinable fair values, the gross realized and unrealized gains and losses recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of income were as follows:

Gains (Losses) Recognized on Equity Securities

Three Months Ended June 30, 2025

    

Three Months Ended June 30, 2024

    

(in thousands)

    

Realized

    

Unrealized

    

Total

    

Realized

    

Unrealized

    

Total

Freddie Mac preferred stock

$

$

32

$

32

$

$

46

$

46

Total equity securities

$

$

32

$

32

$

$

46

$

46

Gains (Losses) Recognized on Equity Securities

Six Months Ended June 30, 2025

    

Six Months Ended June 30, 2024

(in thousands)

Realized

Unrealized

Total

Realized

Unrealized

Total

Freddie Mac preferred stock

$

$

63

$

63

$

$

107

$

107

Total equity securities

$

$

63

$

63

$

$

107

$

107

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3. LOANS HELD FOR SALE

In the ordinary course of business, the Bank originates for sale mortgage loans and consumer loans. Mortgage loans originated for sale are primarily originated and sold into the secondary market through the Bank’s Traditional Banking segment, while consumer loans originated for sale are originated and sold through the RCS segment.

Mortgage Loans Held for Sale, at Fair Value

See additional detail regarding mortgage loans originated for sale, at fair value under Footnote 10 “Mortgage Banking Activities” of this section of the filing.

Consumer Loans Held for Sale, at Fair Value

The Bank offers RCS installment loans with terms ranging from 12 to 60 months to borrowers in multiple states. Balances originated under this RCS installment loan program are carried as HFS on the Bank’s balance sheet, with the intent to sell generally within 16 days following the Bank’s origination of the loans. Loans originated under the RCS installment loan program are carried at fair value under a fair-value option, with the portfolio marked to market monthly.

Activity for consumer loans HFS and carried at fair value was as follows:

    

Three Months Ended

Six Months Ended

June 30, 

June 30, 

(in thousands)

2025

    

2024

    

2025

    

2024

Balance, beginning of period

$

8,602

$

6,093

$

5,443

$

7,914

Origination of consumer loans held for sale

 

48,465

 

42,241

 

82,812

 

77,400

Proceeds from the sale of consumer loans held for sale

 

(49,880)

 

(41,080)

 

(81,900)

 

(79,091)

Net gain on sale of consumer loans held for sale

 

1,125

 

1,087

 

1,957

 

2,118

Balance, end of period

$

8,312

$

8,341

$

8,312

$

8,341

Consumer Loans Held for Sale, at the Lower of Cost or Fair Value

RCS originates for sale 90% or 95% of the balances from its LOC products and 100% for some of its healthcare receivables products. Ordinary gains or losses on the sale of these RCS products are reported as a component of “Program fees.” During March 2025, Management reached an agreement to sell $5 million of consumer credit cards, and as a result, these balances were transferred from held for investment to HFS as of March 31, 2025. The sale of these credit cards was completed during the second quarter of 2025.

Activity for consumer loans HFS and carried at the lower of cost or market value was as follows:

    

Three Months Ended

 

Six Months Ended

    

June 30, 

June 30, 

(in thousands)

2025

    

2024

    

2025

    

2024

Balance, beginning of period

$

23,523

$

13,083

$

18,632

$

16,094

Origination of consumer loans held for sale

 

272,662

 

359,900

 

504,966

 

513,088

Transferred from held for investment to held for sale

4,977

Proceeds from the sale of consumer loans held for sale

 

(279,465)

 

(351,675)

 

(514,078)

 

(510,248)

Net gain on sale of consumer loans held for sale

 

2,920

 

2,552

 

5,143

 

4,926

Balance, end of period

$

19,640

$

23,860

$

19,640

$

23,860

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4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS

The composition of the loan portfolio follows:

(in thousands)

   

June 30, 2025

    

December 31, 2024

 

Traditional Banking:

Residential real estate:

Owner-occupied

$

1,031,898

$

1,032,459

Nonowner-occupied

 

303,357

 

318,096

Commercial real estate:

 

 

Owner-occupied

650,771

659,216

Nonowner-occupied

818,367

840,517

Multi-family

319,905

313,444

Construction & land development

 

258,817

 

244,121

Commercial & industrial

 

481,219

 

460,245

Lease financing receivables

 

96,547

 

93,304

Aircraft*

211,910

226,179

Home equity

 

387,599

 

353,441

Consumer:

Credit cards

 

10,315

 

16,464

Overdrafts

 

826

 

982

Automobile loans

 

916

 

1,156

Other consumer

 

9,705

 

9,555

Total Traditional Banking

4,582,152

4,569,179

Warehouse lines of credit*

 

671,773

 

550,760

Total Core Banking

5,253,925

5,119,939

Republic Processing Group*:

 

Tax Refund Solutions:

Refund Advances

138,614

Other TRS commercial & industrial loans

95

52,180

Republic Credit Solutions

119,000

 

128,733

Total Republic Processing Group

119,095

319,527

Total loans**

 

5,373,020

 

5,439,466

Allowance for credit losses

 

(81,760)

 

(91,978)

Total loans, net

$

5,291,260

$

5,347,488

*Identifies loans to borrowers located primarily outside of the Bank’s market footprint.

**Total loans are presented inclusive of premiums, discounts, and net loan origination fees and costs. See the following table for expanded detail.

The following table reconciles the contractually receivable and carrying amounts of loans:

(in thousands)

    

June 30, 2025

    

December 31, 2024

 

Contractually receivable

$

5,379,595

$

5,445,531

Unearned income

 

(3,304)

 

(2,932)

Unamortized premiums

 

140

 

184

Unaccreted discounts

 

(1,273)

 

(1,619)

Other net unamortized deferred origination (fees) and costs

 

(2,138)

 

(1,698)

Carrying value of loans

$

5,373,020

$

5,439,466

20

Table of Contents

Credit Quality Indicators

The following tables include loans by segment, risk category, and, for non-revolving loans, based upon year of origination. Loan segments and risk categories as of June 30, 2025 remain unchanged from those defined in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Regarding origination year, loan extensions and renewals are generally considered originated in the year extended or renewed unless the loan is classified as a loan modification. Loan extensions and renewals classified as loan modifications generally receive no change in origination date upon extension or renewal.

Revolving Loans

Revolving Loans

(in thousands)

Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year

Amortized

Converted

As of June 30, 2025

2025

2024

2023

2022

2021

Prior

Cost Basis

to Term

Total

Residential real estate owner-occupied:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

70,696

$

65,890

$

223,622

$

172,813

$

145,734

$

318,978

$

$

8,012

$

1,005,745

Special Mention

1,704

4,088

5,792

Substandard

352

1,127

2,589

3,016

13,277

20,361

Doubtful

Total

$

70,696

$

66,242

$

224,749

$

177,106

$

148,750

$

336,343

$

$

8,012

$

1,031,898

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

18

$

$

11

$

$

$

29

Residential real estate nonowner-occupied:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

8,004

$

13,455

$

51,776

$

53,954

$

66,659

$

106,958

$

$

2,417

$

303,223

Special Mention

Substandard

134

134

Doubtful

Total

$

8,004

$

13,455

$

51,776

$

53,954

$

66,659

$

107,092

$

$

2,417

$

303,357

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Commercial real estate owner-occupied:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

28,279

$

41,034

$

66,427

$

106,676

$

98,396

$

213,996

$

14,119

$

67,378

$

636,305

Special Mention

765

1,165

5,193

352

4,033

312

11,820

Substandard

360

2,286

2,646

Doubtful

Total

$

29,404

$

42,199

$

66,427

$

111,869

$

98,748

$

220,315

$

14,431

$

67,378

$

650,771

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Commercial real estate nonowner-occupied:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

17,265

$

49,806

$

106,467

$

134,344

$

106,281

$

264,913

$

20,060

$

97,479

$

796,615

Special Mention

746

746

Substandard

4,000

17,006

21,006

Doubtful

Total

$

17,265

$

49,806

$

106,467

$

134,344

$

110,281

$

282,665

$

20,060

$

97,479

$

818,367

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Commercial real estate multi-family:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

6,614

$

14,217

$

39,751

$

75,223

$

48,939

$

74,660

$

3,800

$

56,701

$

319,905

Special Mention

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

$

6,614

$

14,217

$

39,751

$

75,223

$

48,939

$

74,660

$

3,800

$

56,701

$

319,905

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Construction & land development:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

28,259

$

57,694

$

100,442

$

52,551

$

13,368

$

4,781

$

1,312

$

$

258,407

Special Mention

410

410

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

$

28,259

$

57,694

$

100,852

$

52,551

$

13,368

$

4,781

$

1,312

$

$

258,817

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Commercial & industrial:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

49,251

$

79,249

$

68,431

$

54,750

$

42,369

$

43,402

$

129,743

$

8,168

$

475,363

Special Mention

610

29

301

2,196

798

106

4,040

Substandard

66

87

1

1,318

344

1,816

Doubtful

Total

$

49,251

$

79,859

$

68,526

$

55,138

$

44,566

$

45,518

$

129,849

$

8,512

$

481,219

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

18

$

$

$

$

$

18

Lease financing receivables:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

20,615

$

28,579

$

29,718

$

11,879

$

3,513

$

1,481

$

$

$

95,785

Special Mention

42

74

90

2

208

Substandard

42

268

234

10

554

Doubtful

Total

$

20,615

$

28,621

$

30,028

$

12,187

$

3,613

$

1,483

$

$

$

96,547

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

107

$

31

$

$

$

$

$

138

21

Table of Contents

Revolving Loans

Revolving Loans

(in thousands)

Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (Continued)

Amortized

Converted

As of June 30, 2025

2025

2024

2023

2022

2021

Prior

Cost Basis

to Term

Total

Aircraft:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

8,063

$

32,891

$

62,927

$

37,504

$

32,815

$

37,405

$

$

$

211,605

Special Mention

Substandard

305

305

Doubtful

Total

$

8,063

$

32,891

$

62,927

$

37,504

$

33,120

$

37,405

$

$

$

211,910

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Home equity:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

384,195

$

$

384,195

Special Mention

325

325

Substandard

3,079

3,079

Doubtful

Total

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

387,599

$

$

387,599

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Consumer:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

1,244

$

5,455

$

1,835

$

151

$

45

$

737

$

12,144

$

$

21,611

Special Mention

Substandard

4

147

151

Doubtful

Total

$

1,244

$

5,455

$

1,835

$

151

$

45

$

741

$

12,291

$

$

21,762

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

19

$

1

$

2

$

$

1

$

1

$

532

$

$

556

Warehouse:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

671,773

$

$

671,773

Special Mention

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

671,773

$

$

671,773

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

TRS:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

95

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

95

Special Mention

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

$

95

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

95

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

15,501

$

9,557

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

25,058

RCS:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

1,162

$

5,331

$

6,673

$

945

$

80

$

214

$

104,595

$

$

119,000

Special Mention

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

$

1,162

$

5,331

$

6,673

$

945

$

80

$

214

$

104,595

$

$

119,000

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

8,638

$

$

8,638

Grand Total:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

239,547

$

393,601

$

758,069

$

700,790

$

558,199

$

1,067,525

$

1,341,741

$

240,155

$

5,299,627

Special Mention

765

1,775

481

7,272

2,638

9,667

743

23,341

Substandard

360

394

1,461

2,910

7,332

34,025

3,226

344

50,052

Doubtful

Grand Total

$

240,672

$

395,770

$

760,011

$

710,972

$

568,169

$

1,111,217

$

1,345,710

$

240,499

$

5,373,020

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

15,520

$

9,558

$

109

$

67

$

1

$

12

$

9,170

$

$

34,437

Revolving Loans

Revolving Loans

(in thousands)

Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year

Amortized

Converted

As of December 31, 2024

2024

2023

2022

2021

2020

Prior

Cost Basis

to Term

Total

Residential real estate owner-occupied:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

79,874

$

236,681

$

181,703

$

157,834

$

150,449

$

191,013

$

$

8,840

$

1,006,394

Special Mention

83

4,343

4,426

Substandard

875

1,052

2,566

2,806

4,099

10,241

21,639

Doubtful

Total

$

80,749

$

237,733

$

184,269

$

160,640

$

154,631

$

205,597

$

$

8,840

$

1,032,459

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

10

$

39

$

13

$

$

$

$

$

62

Residential real estate nonowner-occupied:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

15,147

$

53,718

$

58,776

$

69,355

$

57,310

$

59,130

$

$

2,431

$

315,867

Special Mention

1,795

20

1,815

Substandard

414

414

Doubtful

Total

$

15,147

$

53,718

$

60,571

$

69,355

$

57,310

$

59,564

$

$

2,431

$

318,096

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

22

Table of Contents

Revolving Loans

Revolving Loans

(in thousands)

Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year

Amortized

Converted

As of December 31, 2024

2024

2023

2022

2021

2020

Prior

Cost Basis

to Term

Total

Commercial real estate owner-occupied:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

44,982

$

68,442

$

113,338

$

101,216

$

114,208

$

120,576

$

16,503

$

64,832

$

644,097

Special Mention

1,177

5,324

832

545

5,897

317

14,092

Substandard

785

242

1,027

Doubtful

Total

$

46,159

$

68,442

$

118,662

$

102,048

$

115,538

$

126,715

$

16,820

$

64,832

$

659,216

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Commercial real estate nonowner-occupied:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

50,179

$

106,785

$

139,026

$

112,082

$

144,363

$

148,481

$

16,337

$

97,321

$

814,574

Special Mention

4,000

4,171

17,592

25,763

Substandard

180

180

Doubtful

Total

$

50,179

$

106,785

$

139,026

$

116,082

$

148,534

$

166,253

$

16,337

$

97,321

$

840,517

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Commercial real estate multi-family:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

13,766

$

41,171

$

79,181

$

56,993

$

38,908

$

41,422

$

5,054

$

36,949

$

313,444

Special Mention

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

$

13,766

$

41,171

$

79,181

$

56,993

$

38,908

$

41,422

$

5,054

$

36,949

$

313,444

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Construction & land development:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

52,732

$

105,616

$

63,117

$

15,741

$

1,689

$

3,740

$

1,161

$

$

243,796

Special Mention

325

325

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

$

52,732

$

105,941

$

63,117

$

15,741

$

1,689

$

3,740

$

1,161

$

$

244,121

YTD Gross Charge-offs

Commercial & industrial:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

82,096

$

77,333

$

63,187

$

48,621

$

25,608

$

25,286

$

125,002

$

4,722

$

451,855

Special Mention

1,225

34

359

2,126

922

2,022

843

7,531

Substandard

81

73

2

333

26

344

859

Doubtful

Total

$

83,321

$

77,448

$

63,619

$

50,749

$

26,530

$

27,641

$

125,871

$

5,066

$

460,245

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

27

$

$

$

$

$

27

Lease financing receivables:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

34,335

$

34,370

$

15,427

$

5,759

$

2,226

$

451

$

$

$

92,568

Special Mention

23

46

41

73

48

231

Substandard

115

360

30

505

Doubtful

Total

$

34,335

$

34,508

$

15,833

$

5,830

$

2,299

$

499

$

$

$

93,304

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

45

$

124

$

$

4

$

32

$

$

205

Aircraft:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

36,972

$

71,706

$

40,778

$

35,652

$

23,933

$

16,380

$

$

$

225,421

Special Mention

Substandard

312

446

758

Doubtful

Total

$

36,972

$

71,706

$

40,778

$

35,964

$

23,933

$

16,826

$

$

$

226,179

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Home equity:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

350,828

$

$

350,828

Special Mention

100

100

Substandard

2,513

2,513

Doubtful

Total

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

353,441

$

$

353,441

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

64

$

$

64

Consumer:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

5,156

$

2,403

$

240

$

94

$

19

$

1,256

$

18,426

$

$

27,594

Special Mention

Substandard

556

7

563

Doubtful

Total

$

5,712

$

2,403

$

240

$

94

$

19

$

1,263

$

18,426

$

$

28,157

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

828

$

1,170

$

2

$

1

$

$

1

$

1,103

$

$

3,105

23

Table of Contents

Revolving Loans

Revolving Loans

(in thousands)

Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year

Amortized

Converted

As of December 31, 2024

2024

2023

2022

2021

2020

Prior

Cost Basis

to Term

Total

Warehouse:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

550,760

$

$

550,760

Special Mention

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

550,760

$

$

550,760

YTD Gross Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

TRS:

Risk Rating

Pass or not rated

$

190,794

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

190,794

Special Mention

Substandard