EX-13 2 exhibit13.htm PORTIONS OF UNITY BANCORP'S 2011 ANNUAL REPORT exhibit13.htm
Management’s Discussion & Analysis of Financial Condition & Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes relating thereto included herein. When necessary, reclassifications have been made to prior periods’ data for purposes of comparability with current period presentation without impacting earnings.

Overview
 
Unity Bancorp, Inc. (the “Parent Company”) is a bank holding company incorporated in New Jersey and registered under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended. Its wholly-owned subsidiary, Unity Bank (the “Bank,” or when consolidated with the Parent Company, the “Company”) is chartered by the New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance. The Bank provides a full range of commercial and retail banking services through the Internet and its fifteen branch offices located in Hunterdon, Middlesex, Somerset, Union and Warren counties in New Jersey and Northampton County in Pennsylvania. These services include the acceptance of demand, savings and time deposits and the extension of consumer, real estate, Small Business Administration (“SBA”) and other commercial credits.

Results of Operations

Net income available to common shareholders for the year ended December 31, 2011 was $988 thousand or $0.13 per diluted common share, compared to $720 thousand in 2010 or $0.10 per diluted common share.  The increase was attributable to enhanced noninterest income, a reduced provision for loan losses and continued expense management.  Though the Company continues to be affected by the impact the recession has had on its borrowers through elevated delinquency levels and loan loss provisions, our net interest margin remains strong, we have been successful at keeping our expenses under control and we remain well-capitalized.
Despite these economic conditions and the impact that the recession has had on our borrowers, we have seen improvements in our financial performance as noted below.
 -
Our net interest margin expanded 9 basis points to 3.76 percent,
  -
Noninterest income, excluding the effect of security gains, increased 7.5 percent due to increased gains on SBA loan sales,
-
Core deposits increased $10.3 million during the year, improving our deposit mix,
-
Shareholders’ equity increased $3.5 million from year-end 2010, primarily due to net income and the increase in other comprehensive income, and
  -
The Company increased its capital levels.
Items which materially impacted earnings for the year included:
  -
A $6.8 million provision for loan losses due to the elevated level of charge-offs and the inherent credit risk within the loan portfolio, and
  -
A $1.0 million decrease in net interest income.
  
The Company’s performance ratios are listed below:

   
2011
   
2010
 
Net income per common share - Basic (1)
  $ 0.13     $ 0.10  
Net income per common share - Diluted (1)
  $ 0.13     $ 0.10  
Return on average assets
    0.31 %     0.26 %
Return on average equity (2)
    1.90 %     1.43 %
Efficiency ratio
    71.42 %     71.43 %
 
(1) Defined as net income adjusted for dividends accrued and accretion of discount on perpetual preferred stock divided by weighted average shares outstanding.
(2) Defined as net income adjusted for dividends accrued and accretion of discount on perpetual preferred stock divided by average shareholders’ equity (excluding preferred stock).

Net Interest Income
The primary source of income for the Company is net interest income, the difference between the interest earned on assets such as investments and loans, and the interest paid on deposits and borrowings.  Factors that impact the Company’s net interest income include the interest rate environment, the volume and mix of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, and the competitive nature of the Company’s marketplace.
The Company’s net interest income has been adversely impacted by the sustained low interest rate environment, which the Federal Open Market Committee forecasts will continue into 2014.  This rate environment has resulted in earning assets continuing to reprice at lower rates, as well as the reinvestment of cash flow in lower earning products.  The benefit of this low interest rate environment is lower funding costs, as deposits reprice at lower rates.
During 2011, tax-equivalent interest income decreased $4.4 million or 10.0 percent to $39.7 million.  This decrease was driven by the lower average yield on earning assets and a decrease in the average volume of earning assets:
-
Of the $4.4 million decrease in interest income on a tax-equivalent basis, $2.8 million was due to the decrease in average interest-earning assets, and $1.6 million was attributed to reduced yields on interest-earning assets.
  -
The average volume of interest-earning assets decreased $44.0 million to $776.9 million in 2011 compared to $821.0 million in 2010. This was due primarily to a $29.9 million decrease in average investment securities and a $28.8 million decrease in average loans, partially offset by a $15.2 million increase in federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits. These fluctuations were a result of the Company actively managing the size of its balance sheet to preserve capital levels.
  -
The yield on interest-earning assets decreased 26 basis points to 5.12 percent in 2011 due to the continued repricing in an overall lower interest rate environment.  Yields on most earning assets, particularly those with variable rates, fell due to these lower market rates, while the yield on securities held to maturity and SBA loans increased.
 
Total interest expense was $10.6 million in 2011, a decrease of $3.5 million or 24.8 percent compared to 2010. This decrease was driven by the lower overall interest rate environment combined with the shift in deposit mix away from higher priced products and a decrease in the average volume of interest-bearing liabilities:
 -
Of the $3.5 million decrease in interest expense in 2011, $1.7 million was attributed to a decrease in the rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities, and $1.7 million was due to the decrease in the volume of average interest-bearing liabilities.
-
Interest-bearing liabilities averaged $648.6 million in 2011, a decrease of $59.2 million or 8.4 percent, compared to 2010.  The decrease in interest-bearing liabilities was a result of decreases in average time deposits, savings deposits and borrowed funds, partially offset by an increase in interest-bearing demand deposits.
-
The average cost of interest-bearing liabilities decreased 35 basis points to 1.62 percent, primarily due to the repricing of deposits in a lower interest rate environment.
-
The lower cost of funding was also attributed to a shift in the mix of deposits from higher cost time deposits to lower cost savings deposits and interest-bearing demand deposits.

Tax-equivalent net interest income amounted to $29.2 million in 2011, a decrease of $908 thousand or 3.0 percent, compared to 2010. Net interest margin increased 9 basis points to 3.76 percent for 2011, compared to 3.67 percent in 2010.  The net interest spread was 3.50 percent, a 9 basis point increase from 3.41 percent in 2010.
The table on the following two pages reflects the components of net interest income, setting forth for the periods presented herein: (1) average assets, liabilities and shareholders’ equity, (2) interest income earned on interest-earning assets and interest expense paid on interest-bearing liabilities, (3) average yields earned on interest-earning assets and average rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities, (4) net interest spread (which is the average yield on interest-earning assets less the average rate on interest-bearing liabilities), and (5) net interest income/margin on average earning assets. Rates/yields are computed on a fully tax-equivalent basis, assuming a federal income tax rate of 34 percent.

 
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Consolidated Average Balance Sheets

Dollar amounts in thousands - interest amounts and interest rates/yields on a fully tax-equivalent basis.
For the years ended December 31,
    2011     2010  
   
Average
Balance
      Interest      
Rate/
Yield
     Average Balance    
Interest
     Rate/
Yield
 
ASSETS
 
Interest-earning assets:
 
Federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits
  $ 50,574     $ 61     0.12 %    $  35,349     $ 87     0.25
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
    4,120        183     4.44        4,646       235      5.06  
Securities:
 
Available for sale
    97,310        3,403      3.50        118,984       4,353      3.66  
Held to maturity
    15,265        806      5.28        23,496       1,149      4.89  
Total securities (A)
    112,575        4,209      3.74        142,480       5,502      3.86  
Loans, net of unearned discount:
 
SBA
    82,177        4,665      5.68        95,353       5,264      5.52  
SBA 504
    58,010        3,482      6.00        66,767       4,305      6.45  
Commercial
    284,183        17,492      6.16        285,771       18,130      6.34  
Residential mortgage
    133,477        7,107      5.32        132,414       7,684      5.80  
Consumer
    51,830        2,542      4.90        58,200       2,926      5.03  
Total loans (B)
    609,677        35,288      5.79        638,505       38,309      6.00  
Total interest-earning assets
  $ 776,946     $ 39,741     5.12 %    $  820,980     $ 44,133     5.38
Noninterest-earning assets:
 
Cash and due from banks
    16,105                     20,672                
Allowance for loan losses
    (16,198 )                   (14,667 )              
Other assets
    40,528                     41,817                
Total noninterest-earning assets
    40,435                     47,822                
Total Assets
  $ 817,381                    $ 868,802                
                                             
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
                                           
Interest-bearing liabilities:
                                           
Interest-bearing demand deposits
  $ 103,574      $  571     0.55    $ 100,729      $  737     0.73 %  
Savings deposits
    287,769        2,202     0.77       289,156        2,829     0.98  
Time deposits
    166,836        4,067     2.44       216,488        6,173     2.85  
Total interest-bearing deposits
    558,179        6,840     1.23       606,373        9,739     1.61  
Borrowed funds and subordinated debentures
    90,465        3,711     4.05       101,449        4,296     4.18  
Total interest-bearing liabilities
  $ 648,644      $  10,551     1.62    $ 707,822      $  14,035     1.97 %  
Noninterest-bearing liabilities:
                                           
Demand deposits
    93,875                     87,684                
Other liabilities
    3,607                     4,174                
Total noninterest-bearing liabilities
    97,482                     91,858                
Shareholders’ equity
    71,255                     69,122                
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
  $ 817,381                    $ 868,802                
Net interest spread
           $  29,190      3.50            $  30,098     3.41
Tax-equivalent basis adjustment
             (218 )                    (98      
Net interest income
           $  28,972                    $  30,000        
Net interest margin
                   3.76 %                    3.67 %  
 
(A) Yields related to securities exempt from federal and state income taxes are stated on a fully tax-equivalent basis.  They are reduced by the nondeductible portion of interest expense, assuming a federal tax rate of 34 percent and applicable state tax rates.
(B) The loan averages are stated net of unearned income, and the averages include loans on which the accrual of interest has been discontinued.
 
 
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2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Average
Balance
   
Interest
   
Rate/
Yield
   
Average
Balance
   
Interest
   
Rate/
Yield
   
Average
Balance
   
Interest
   
Rate/
Yield
 
                                                   
                                                   
$ 27,163     $ 117     0.43 %   $ 26,686     $ 471     1.76 %   $ 22,290     $ 1,068     4.79 %
  5,061       277     5.47       4,353       240     5.51       3,336       258     7.73  
                                                               
  135,537       6,189     4.57       74,243       3,761     5.07       65,853       3,253     4.94  
  32,292       1,593     4.93       31,710       1,654     5.22       37,724       1,986     5.26  
  167,829       7,782     4.64       105,953       5,415     5.11       103,577       5,239     5.06  
   
  103,031       6,246     6.06       101,430       8,370     8.25       84,185       9,039     10.74  
  73,517       4,821     6.56       74,617       5,572     7.47       66,393       5,345     8.05  
  301,340       19,881     6.60       308,751       21,424     6.94       275,448       20,393     7.40  
  126,474       7,252     5.73       100,110       5,971     5.96       68,443       3,995     5.84  
  62,481       3,160     5.06       59,291       3,462     5.84       54,789       3,722     6.79  
  666,843       41,360     6.20       644,199       44,799     6.95       549,258       42,494     7.74  
$ 866,896     $ 49,536     5.71 %   $ 781,191     $ 50,925     6.52 %   $ 678,461     $ 49,059     7.23 %
                                                               
  18,948                     17,529                     13,467                
  (11,721 )                   (9,179 )                   (8,184 )              
  33,913                     31,667                     29,304                
  41,140                     40,017                     34,587                
$ 908,036                   $ 821,208                   $ 713,048                
                                                               
                                                               
                                                               
$ 89,500     $ 1,063     1.19 %   $ 84,336     $ 1,468     1.74 %   $ 85,750     $ 1,928     2.25 %
  214,274       3,574     1.67       168,784       3,644     2.16       204,214       8,064     3.95  
  341,233       12,523     3.67       330,174       13,836     4.19       213,407       10,206     4.78  
  645,007       17,160     2.66       583,294       18,948     3.25       503,371       20,198     4.01  
  112,403       4,422     3.88       108,214       4,526     4.18       84,962       4,276     5.03  
$ 757,410     $ 21,582     2.84 %   $ 691,508     $ 23,474     3.39 %   $ 588,333     $ 24,474     4.16 %
                                                               
  79,252                     78,282                     75,581                
  4,313                     2,531                     2,416                
  83,565                     80,813                     77,997                
  67,061                     48,887                     46,718                
$ 908,036                   $ 821,208                   $ 713,048                
        $ 27,954     2.87 %           $ 27,451     3.13 %           $ 24,585     3.07 %
          (126 )                   (160 )                   (159 )      
        $ 27,828                   $ 27,291                   $ 24,426        
                3.22 %                   3.51 %                   3.62 %
 
 
Page 14

 
 
The rate volume table below presents an analysis of the impact on interest income and expense resulting from changes in average volume and rates over the periods presented. Changes that are not due to volume or rate variances have been allocated proportionally to both, based on their relative absolute values. Amounts have been computed on a tax-equivalent basis, assuming a federal income tax rate of 34 percent.

   
2011 versus 2010
   
2010 versus 2009
 
Year ended December 31,
 
Increase (Decrease)
Due to change in
   
Increase (Decrease)
Due to change in
 
(In thousands on a tax-equivalent basis)
 
Volume
   
Rate
   
Net
   
Volume
   
Rate
   
Net
 
Interest Income:
                                   
Federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits
  $ 30     $ (56 )   $ (26 )   $ 28     $ (58 )   $ (30 )
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
    (25 )     (27 )     (52 )     (22 )     (20 )     (42 )
Investment securities
    (1,195 )     (98 )     (1,293 )     (1,129 )     (1,151 )     (2,280 )
Net loans
    (1,639 )     (1,382 )     (3,021 )     (1,750 )     (1,301 )     (3,051 )
Total interest income
  $ (2,829 )   $ (1,563 )   $ (4,392 )   $ (2,873 )   $ (2,530 )   $ (5,403 )
Interest Expense:
                                               
Interest-bearing demand deposits
  $ 20     $ (186 )   $ (166 )   $ 122     $ (448 )   $ (326 )
Savings deposits
    (14 )     (613 )     (627 )     1,014       (1,759 )     (745 )
Time deposits
    (1,294 )     (812 )     (2,106 )     (3,941 )     (2,409 )     (6,350 )
Total deposits
  $ (1,288 )   $ (1,611 )   $ (2,899 )   $ (2,805 )   $ (4,616 )   $ (7,421 )
Borrowed funds and subordinated debentures
    (454 )     (131 )     (585 )     (452 )     326       (126 )
Total interest expense
  $ (1,742 )   $ (1,742 )   $ (3,484 )   $ (3,257 )   $ (4,290 )   $ (7,547 )
Net interest income – fully tax-equivalent
  $ (1,087 )   $ 179     $ (908 )   $ 384     $ 1,760     $ 2,144  
Decrease (increase) in tax-equivalent adjustment
                    (120 )                     28  
Net interest income
                  $ (1,028 )                   $ 2,172  

Provision for Loan Losses
The provision for loan losses totaled $6.8 million for 2011, a decrease of $450 thousand compared to $7.3 million for 2010.  Each period’s loan loss provision is the result of management’s analysis of the loan portfolio and reflects changes in the size and composition of the portfolio, the level of net charge-offs, delinquencies, current economic conditions and other internal and external factors impacting the risk within the loan portfolio.  Additional information may be found under the caption, “Financial Condition - Allowance for Loan Losses and Unfunded Loan Commitments.”  The current provision is considered appropriate under management’s assessment of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses.

Noninterest Income
Noninterest income was $5.7 million for 2011, a $592 thousand increase compared to $5.1 million for 2010.  The increase is primarily due to higher gains on sales of SBA loans and securities.  The following table shows the components of noninterest income for 2011 and 2010:

(In thousands)
 
2011
   
2010
 
Branch fee income
  $ 1,445     $ 1,424  
Service and loan fee income
    1,034       979  
Gain on sale of SBA loans held for sale, net
    962       500  
Gain on sale of mortgage loans
    951       1,052  
Bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”)
    295       310  
Net security gains
    303       85  
Other income
    671       719  
Total noninterest income
  $ 5,661     $ 5,069  

Changes in our noninterest income reflect:
  -
Branch fee income, which consists of deposit service charges and overdraft fees, was flat for 2011 when compared to 2010, as reduced deposit service charge levels were offset by increased overdraft and uncollected fees.
 -
Service and loan fee income increased $55 thousand due to higher levels of payoff and other processing related fees, partially offset by lower servicing income.
  -
Net gains on SBA loan sales amounted to $962 thousand on $13.3 million in sales, compared to $500 thousand on $4.8 million in sales the prior period.
  -
Gains on sales of residential mortgages were $951 thousand for 2011, a decrease of $101 thousand from the prior year.
  -
The increase in the cash surrender value of BOLI was $295 thousand for 2011, compared to $310 thousand in 2010.
  -
The Company realized net security gains of $303 thousand on the sale of securities in 2011 compared to $85 thousand in 2010.  For additional information, see Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.  
  -
Other income totaled $671 thousand and $719 thousand in 2011 and 2010, respectively.  The decrease is primarily due to a refund of New Jersey state sales tax for overpayment in previous years received in 2010.
 
 
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Noninterest Expense
For the year ended December 31, 2011, noninterest expense totaled $24.5 million, a decrease of $472 thousand or 1.9 percent from the same period a year ago.  This includes $215 thousand in residual lease obligations and fixed asset disposal expenses realized during the second quarter of 2011 from our decision to close two underperforming branches.  It also includes the impact of the FDIC assessment methodology change from a deposits-based method to an assets-based method, which resulted in a significantly lower assessment.  The following table presents a breakdown of noninterest expense for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010:

(In thousands)
 
2011
   
2010
 
Compensation and benefits
  $ 11,781     $ 11,875  
Occupancy
    2,781       2,522  
Processing and communications
    2,104       2,139  
Furniture and equipment
    1,527       1,755  
Professional services
    817       737  
Loan collection costs
    979       964  
Other real estate owned (“OREO”) expense
    1,229       1,316  
Deposit insurance
    775       1,301  
Advertising
    727       624  
Other expenses
    1,798       1,757  
Total noninterest expense
  $ 24,518     $ 24,990  
 
Changes in noninterest expense reflect:
 -
Compensation and benefits expense amounted to $11.8 million in 2011, a decrease of $94 thousand or 0.8 percent, due to lower payroll and other sales related commission expenses, partially offset by higher employee medical benefits costs and increased residential mortgage commissions.
  -
Occupancy expense increased $259 thousand or 10.3 percent, due to branch closure related expenses in 2011.
  -
Processing and communications expense remained flat at $2.1 million in 2011 and 2010.
  -
Furniture and equipment expense decreased $228 thousand or 13.0 percent, due to reduced depreciation expenses as a result of lower capital expenditures and lower equipment lease expenses, partially offset by branch closure related expenses.
  -
Professional services costs increased $80 thousand or 10.9 percent, due to higher accounting, tax and loan review costs, partially offset by decreased consultant and legal expenses.
  -
Loan collection costs remained flat at $979 thousand for 2011.
  -
OREO expense decreased $87 thousand, due to reduced valuation adjustments, partially offset by increased property tax expense.
  -
Deposit insurance expense decreased $526 thousand due to the assessment methodology change discussed above.
  -
Advertising expense increased $103 thousand over the prior year due to increased web presence and search engine marketing, promotion of our mortgage division and expanded involvement within the community through small business events and sponsorships.
  -
Other expenses increased $41 thousand or 2.3 percent compared to the prior year.

Income Tax Expense
For 2011, the Company reported income tax expense of $769 thousand for a 23.2 percent effective tax rate compared to income tax expense of $589 thousand or a 20.8 percent effective tax rate in 2010.  The 2011 provision for income taxes includes the reversal of the $323 thousand valuation reserve related to the state net operating loss carry-forward deferred tax asset.  Excluding this valuation adjustment, our effective tax rate would have been 32.9 percent.

Financial Condition

Total assets decreased $7.6 million or 0.9 percent, to $810.8 million at December 31, 2011, compared to $818.4 million at December 31, 2010.  This decrease was due to a $23.3 million decrease in total loans, a $20.7 million decrease in total securities, and a $2.0 million increase in the allowance for loan losses, partially offset by a $38.6 million increase in cash and cash equivalents.  Total deposits decreased $10.8 million, and there were no changes to total borrowed funds and subordinated debentures from prior year-end.  Total shareholders’ equity increased $3.5 million from the prior year.  Average total assets for 2011 were $817.4 million, a $51.4 million decrease from the prior year’s $868.8 million average balance.  Further discussion of these fluctuations is in the sections that follow.
 
 
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Investment Securities Portfolio
The Company’s securities portfolio consists of available for sale (“AFS”) and held to maturity (“HTM”) investments.  Management determines the appropriate security classification of available for sale or held to maturity at the time of purchase.  The investment securities portfolio is maintained for asset-liability management purposes, as well as for liquidity and earnings purposes.
AFS securities are investments carried at fair value that may be sold in response to changing market and interest rate conditions or for other business purposes.  Activity in this portfolio is undertaken primarily to manage liquidity and interest rate risk, to take advantage of market conditions that create economically attractive returns and as an additional source of earnings.  AFS securities consist primarily of obligations of U.S. Government sponsored entities and state and political subdivisions, mortgage-backed securities and other securities.
HTM securities, which are carried at amortized cost, are investments for which there is the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity.  The portfolio is comprised of obligations of state and political subdivisions and mortgage-backed securities.
AFS securities totaled $88.8 million at December 31, 2011, a decrease of $18.4 million or 17.1 percent, compared to $107.1 million at December 31, 2010.  This net decrease was the result of the following:
  -
$35.4 million in principal payments, maturities and called bonds,
  -
$22.7 million in sales net of realized gains, which consisted primarily of mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”), and
  -
$615 thousand in net amortization of premiums, partially offset by
  -
$39.1 million in purchases, which consisted of $22.5 million of mortgage-backed securities and CMOs, $5.5 million of U.S. Government sponsored entities, $5.8 million of state and political subdivision bonds, and $5.2 million of Corporate bonds, and
  -
$1.2 million appreciation in the fair value of the portfolio.  At December 31, 2011, the portfolio had a net unrealized gain of $1.9 million compared to a net unrealized gain of $697 thousand at the end of the prior year. These unrealized gains are reflected net of tax in shareholders’ equity as accumulated other comprehensive income.

The average balance of securities available for sale amounted to $97.3 million in 2011 compared to $119.0 million in 2010. The average yield earned on the available for sale portfolio decreased 16 basis points, to 3.50 percent in 2011 from 3.66 percent in 2010. The weighted average repricing of securities available for sale, adjusted for prepayments, amounted to 2.4 years and 2.5 years at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
HTM securities were $18.8 million at December 31, 2011, a decrease of $2.3 million or 11.1 percent, from year- end 2010.  This net decrease was the result of:
  -
$7.0 million in principal payments,
  -
$2.2 million in sales net of realized losses, which consisted primarily of state and political subdivision bonds which were downgraded, and
  -
$39 thousand in net amortization of premiums, partially offset by
  -
$6.9 million in purchases of mortgage-backed securities and obligations of state and political subdivisions.

As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, the fair value of held to maturity securities was $19.9 million and $21.4 million, respectively. The average balance of securities held to maturity amounted to $15.3 million in 2011 compared to $23.5 million in 2010. The average yield earned on held to maturity securities increased 39 basis points, from 4.89 percent in 2010 to 5.28 percent in 2011. The weighted average repricing of held to maturity securities, adjusted for prepayments, amounted to 5.2 years and 3.5 years at December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.
The Company did not have any securities from a single issuer (excluding government agencies) that exceeded 10 percent of shareholders’ equity as of December 31, 2011 or 2010.
Securities with a carrying value of $81.1 million and $63.4 million at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, were pledged to secure Government deposits, secure other borrowings and for other purposes required or permitted by law.
Approximately 92 percent of the total investment portfolio had a fixed rate of interest at December 31, 2011.

Loan Portfolio
The loan portfolio, which represents the Company’s largest asset group, is a significant source of both interest and fee income. The portfolio consists of SBA, SBA 504, commercial, residential mortgage and consumer loans. Different segments of the loan portfolio are subject to differing levels of credit and interest rate risk.
      Total loans decreased $23.3 million or 3.8 percent to $592.6 million at December 31, 2011, compared to $615.9 million at year-end 2010. The decline occurred in all loan types except commercial and residential mortgage loans as a direct result of the economic downturn, low consumer and business confidence levels, and reduced loan demand.  Creditworthy borrowers are cutting back on capital expenditures or postponing their purchases in hopes that the economy will improve.  In general, banks are lending less because consumers and businesses are demanding less credit.
      The following table sets forth the classification of loans by major category, including unearned fees and deferred costs, and excluding the allowance for loan losses for the past five years at December 31:

   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
(In thousands)
 
Amount
   
% of Total
   
Amount
   
% of Total
   
Amount
   
% of Total
   
Amount
   
% of Total
   
Amount
   
% of Total
 
SBA held for sale
  $ 7,668       1.3 %   $ 10,397       1.7 %   $ 21,406       3.3 %   $ 22,181       3.2 %   $ 24,640       4.2 %
SBA held to maturity
    64,175       10.8       75,741       12.3       77,844       11.8       83,127       12.1       68,875       11.7  
SBA 504
    55,108       9.3       64,276       10.4       70,683       10.8       76,802       11.2       72,145       12.2  
Commercial
    283,104       47.8       281,205       45.7       293,739       44.6       308,165       44.9       293,641       49.7  
Residential mortgage
    134,090       22.6       128,400       20.8       133,059       20.3       133,110       19.5       73,697       12.5  
Consumer
    48,447       8.2       55,917       9.1       60,285       9.2       62,561       9.1       57,134       9.7  
Total loans
  $ 592,592       100.0 %   $ 615,936       100.0 %   $ 657,016       100.0 %   $ 685,946       100.0 %   $ 590,132       100.0 %
 
 
Page 17

 
 
Average loans decreased $28.8 million or 4.5 percent from $638.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, to $609.7 million for the same period in 2011.  The decrease in average loans was due to declines in all portfolio types, except residential mortgages.  The yield on the overall loan portfolio fell 21 basis points to 5.79 percent for the year ended December 31, 2011, compared to 6.00 percent for the prior year.  This decrease was the result of new loan volume at lower rates and existing variable rate loan products repricing lower as rates remained low throughout 2011.
SBA 7(a) loans, on which the SBA has historically provided guarantees of up to 90 percent of the principal balance, are considered a higher risk loan product for the Company than its other loan products.  These loans are made for the purposes of providing working capital and financing the purchase of equipment, inventory or commercial real estate, and may be made inside or outside the Company’s market place.  Generally, an SBA 7(a) loan has a deficiency in its credit profile that would not allow the borrower to qualify for a traditional commercial loan, which is why the government provides the guarantee.  The deficiency may be a higher loan to value (“LTV”) ratio, lower debt service coverage (“DSC”) ratio or weak personal financial guarantees.  In addition, many SBA 7(a) loans are for start up businesses where there is no history of financial information.  Finally, many SBA borrowers do not have an ongoing and continuous banking relationship with the Bank, but merely work with the Bank on a single transaction.  The Company’s SBA loans are generally sold in the secondary market with the nonguaranteed portion held in the portfolio as a loan held for investment.
SBA 7(a) loans held for sale, carried at the lower of cost or market, amounted to $7.7 million at December 31, 2011, a decrease of $2.7 million from $10.4 million at December 31, 2010.  SBA 7(a) loans held to maturity amounted to $64.2 million at December 31, 2011, a decrease of $11.6 million from $75.7 million at December 31, 2010.  The yield on SBA loans, which are generally floating and adjust quarterly to the Prime rate, was 5.68 percent for the year ended December 31, 2011, compared to 5.52 percent for the prior year.
The guarantee rates on SBA 7(a) loans range from 50 percent to 90 percent, with the majority of the portfolio having a guarantee rate of 75 percent.  The guarantee percentage is determined by the SBA and can vary from year to year depending on government funding and the goals of the SBA program.  The table below details SBA loan balances and their respective guarantee percentages as of December 31, 2011.  The balances represent the Company’s portion of SBA loans originated, reduced by the amount sold into the secondary market.  Currently, the Company services approximately $128.7 million in SBA loans which have been sold in the secondary market, and are not included in the balances in the following table.

   
December 31, 2011
 
(In thousands)
 
SBA held for sale
   
SBA held to maturity
   
Total
 
< 75% Guarantee
  $ 100     $ 6,373     $ 6,473  
75% Guarantee
    6,074       54,150       60,224  
> 75% Guarantee
    1,494       3,652       5,146  
    Total
  $ 7,668     $ 64,175     $ 71,843  
 
There is no relationship or correlation between the guarantee percentages and the level of charge-offs and recoveries.  Charge-offs taken on SBA 7(a) loans represent the unguaranteed portion of the loan.  SBA loans are underwritten to the same credit standards irrespective of the guarantee percentage.
At December 31, 2011, SBA 504 loans totaled $55.1 million, a decrease of $9.2 million from $64.3 million at December 31, 2010.  The SBA 504 program consists of real estate backed commercial mortgages where the Company has the first mortgage and the SBA has the second mortgage on the property.  Generally, the Company has a 50 percent LTV ratio on SBA 504 program loans.  The yield on SBA 504 loans fell 45 basis points to 6.00 percent for 2011 from 6.45 percent for 2010 due to the reversal of accrued interest on loans placed into nonaccrual status.
Commercial loans are generally made in the Company’s marketplace for the purpose of providing working capital, financing the purchase of equipment, inventory or commercial real estate and for other business purposes.  These loans amounted to $283.1 million at December 31, 2011, an increase of $1.9 million from year-end 2010.  The yield on commercial loans was 6.16 percent for 2011, compared to 6.34 percent for 2010.
Residential mortgage loans consist of loans secured by 1 to 4 family residential properties.  These loans amounted to $134.1 million at December 31, 2011, an increase of $5.7 million from year-end 2010.  New loan volume during 2011 was partially offset by the sale of mortgage loans totaling $55.8 million.  The yield on residential mortgages was 5.32 percent for the year ended December 31, 2011, compared to 5.80 percent for 2010.
Consumer loans consist of home equity loans and loans for the purpose of financing the purchase of consumer goods, home improvements, and other personal needs, and are generally secured by the personal property being purchased. These loans amounted to $48.4 million at December 31, 2011, a decrease of $7.5 million from December 31, 2010.  The yield on consumer loans was 4.90 percent for the year ended December 31, 2011, compared to 5.03 percent for the prior year.
As of December 31, 2011, approximately 10 percent of the Company’s total loan portfolio consists of loans to various unrelated and unaffiliated borrowers in the hotel/motel industry.  Such loans are collateralized by the underlying real property financed and/or partially guaranteed by the SBA.  The Company is currently no longer financing hotel/motel properties.   There are no other concentrations of loans to any borrowers or group of borrowers exceeding 10 percent of the total loan portfolio.  There are no foreign loans in the portfolio.  As a preferred SBA lender, a portion of the SBA portfolio is to borrowers outside the Company’s lending area.  However, during late 2008, the Company withdrew from SBA lending outside of its primary trade area, but continues to offer SBA loan products as an additional credit product within its primary trade area.
In the normal course of business, the Company may originate loan products whose terms could give rise to additional credit risk.  Interest-only loans, loans with high loan to value ratios, construction loans with payments made from interest reserves and multiple loans supported by the same collateral (e.g. home equity loans) are examples of such products.  However, these products are not material to the Company’s financial position and are closely managed via credit controls that mitigate their additional inherent risk.  Management does not believe that these products create a concentration of credit risk in the Company’s loan portfolio.  The Company does not have any option adjustable rate mortgage loans.
 
 
Page 18

 
 
The following table shows the maturity distribution or repricing of the loan portfolio and the allocation of floating and fixed interest rates at December 31, 2011:

(In thousands)
 
Within 1 Year
   
1-5 Years
   
After 5 Years
   
Total
 
SBA
  $ 58,164     $ 6,219     $ 7,460     $ 71,843  
SBA 504
    15,724       36,502       2,882       55,108  
Commercial
    114,061       146,188       22,855       283,104  
Residential mortgage
    35,062       58,351       40,677       134,090  
Consumer
    34,247       9,480       4,720       48,447  
    Total
  $ 257,258     $ 256,740     $ 78,594     $ 592,592  
Amount of loans with maturities or repricing dates greater than one year:
 
Fixed interest rates
                          $ 173,177  
Floating or adjustable interest rates
                             162,157  
Total
                          $ 335,334  
 
Troubled Debt Restructurings
Troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) occur when a creditor, for economic or legal reasons related to a debtor’s financial condition, grants a concession to the debtor that it would not otherwise consider.  These concessions typically include reductions in interest rate, extending the maturity of a loan, or a combination of both.  When the Company modifies a loan, management evaluates for any possible impairment using either the discounted cash flows method, where the value of the modified loan is based on the present value of expected cash flows, discounted at the contractual interest rate of the original loan agreement, or by using the fair value of the collateral less selling costs.  If management determines that the value of the modified loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, impairment is recognized by segment or class of loan, as applicable, through an allowance allocation or charge-off to the allowance.  This process is used, regardless of loan type, as well as for loans modified as TDRs that subsequently default on their modified terms.
At December 31, 2011, there were twenty-four loans totaling $21.1 million that were classified as TDRs by the Company and are deemed impaired, compared to fifteen such loans totaling $14.1 million at December 31, 2010.  During 2011, there were ten loans totaling $10.1 million classified as TDRs and one loan previously classified as a TDR was sold.  Nonperforming loans included $3.6 million of TDRs as of December 31, 2011, compared to no nonperforming TDRs at December 31, 2010.  Restructured loans that are placed in nonaccrual status may be removed after 6 months of contractual payments at a market rate of interest and the business showing the ability to service the debt going forward.  The remaining TDRs are in accrual status since they are performing in accordance with the restructured terms.  There are no commitments to lend additional funds on these loans. The following table presents a breakdown of performing and nonperforming TDRs by class as of December 31, 2011:

(In thousands)
   
Performing TDRs
   
Nonperforming TDRs
 
Total TDRs
SBA
  $ 1,398    $  80   $ 1,478
SBA 504
    4,371      1,754      6,125
Commercial other
    985      -      985
Commercial real estate
    10,682      1,811      12,493
    Total
  $ 17,436    $  3,645   $ 21,081
 
Through December 31, 2011, our TDRs consisted of interest rate reductions, interest or principal only periods and maturity extensions.  There has been no principal forgiveness.   The following table shows the types of modifications done to date by class through December 31, 2011:

(In thousands)
 
SBA
   
SBA 504
   
Commercial other
   
Commercial real estate
   
Total
 
Type of Modification:
                             
Interest only
  $ 446     $ -     $ -     $ 1,617     $ 2,063  
Principal only
    27       -       -       -       27  
Reduced interest rate
    52       -       -       1,319       1,371  
Interest only with reduced interest rate
    54       1,127       985       5,511       7,677  
Interest only with nominal principal
    421       3,050       -       1,142       4,613  
Extended maturity with reduced interest rate
    -       -       -       2,904       2,904  
Previously modified back to original terms
    478       1,948       -       -       2,426  
Total TDRs
  $ 1,478     $ 6,125     $ 985     $ 12,493     $ 21,081  

 
 
Page 19

 
 
Asset Quality
Inherent in the lending function is credit risk, which is the possibility a borrower may not perform in accordance with the contractual terms of their loan.  A borrower’s inability to pay their obligations according to the contractual terms can create the risk of past due loans and, ultimately, credit losses, especially on collateral deficient loans.  The Company minimizes its credit risk by loan diversification and adhering to strict credit administration policies and procedures.  Due diligence on loans begins when we initiate contact regarding a loan with a borrower.  Documentation, including a borrower’s credit history, materials establishing the value and liquidity of potential collateral, the purpose of the loan, the source of funds for repayment of the loan, and other factors, are analyzed before a loan is submitted for approval.  The loan portfolio is then subject to ongoing internal reviews for credit quality, as well as independent credit reviews by an outside firm.
The risk of loss is difficult to quantify and is subject to fluctuations in collateral values, general economic conditions and other factors. The current state of the economy and the downturn in the real estate market has resulted in increased loan delinquencies and defaults.  In some cases, these factors have also resulted in significant impairment to the value of loan collateral.  The Company values its collateral through the use of appraisals, broker price opinions, and knowledge of its local market.  In response to the credit risk in its portfolio, the Company has increased staffing in its credit monitoring department and increased efforts in the collection and analysis of borrowers’ financial statements and tax returns.
Nonperforming assets consist of nonperforming loans and OREO.  Nonperforming loans consist of loans that are not accruing interest (nonaccrual loans) as a result of principal or interest being in default for a period of 90 days or more or when the ability to collect principal and interest according to the contractual terms is in doubt.  When a loan is classified as nonaccrual, interest accruals discontinue and all past due interest previously recognized as income is reversed and charged against current period income.  Generally, until the loan becomes current, any payments received from the borrower are applied to outstanding principal, until such time as management determines that the financial condition of the borrower and other factors merit recognition of a portion of such payments as interest income.  Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest are not included in nonperforming loans.  Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest generally represent loans that are well collateralized and in a continuing process expected to result in repayment or restoration to current status.
 
The following table sets forth information concerning nonperforming loans and nonperforming assets at December 31 for the past five years:
 
(In thousands)
 
2011
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Nonperforming by category:
                             
SBA (1)
  $ 5,859     $ 8,162     $ 6,559     $ 4,228     $ 2,110  
SBA 504
    2,086       2,714       5,575       4,600       -  
Commercial
    8,519       5,452       7,397       5,247       1,630  
Residential mortgage
    6,037       5,085       5,578       1,808       1,192  
Consumer
    268       249       387       237       529  
Total nonperforming loans (2)
  $ 22,769     $ 21,662     $ 25,496     $ 16,120     $ 5,461  
OREO
    3,032       2,346       1,530       710       106  
Total nonperforming assets
  $ 25,801     $ 24,008     $ 27,026     $ 16,830     $ 5,567  
Past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest:
                                       
SBA
  $ 246     $ 374     $ 592     $ 332     $ 114  
SBA 504
    -       -       -       -       -  
Commercial
    1,141       -       469       146       41  
Residential mortgage
    36       -       1,196       2,058       -  
Consumer
    988       -       29       -       -  
Total
  $ 2,411     $ 374     $ 2,286     $ 2,536     $ 155  
Nonperforming loans to total loans
    3.84 %     3.52 %     3.88 %     2.35 %     0.93 %
Nonperforming loans and TDRs to total loans (3)
    6.78       5.80       4.88       2.81       0.93  
Nonperforming assets to total loans and OREO
    4.33       3.88       4.10       2.45       0.94  
Nonperforming assets to total assets
    3.18       2.93       2.90       1.87       0.74  
(1) Guaranteed SBA loans included above
  $ 939     $ 2,706     $ 1,931     $ 1,983     $ 714  
(2) Nonperforming TDRs included above
    3,645       -       -       -       -  
(3) Performing TDRs included above
    17,436       14,081       6,576       3,150       -  

The current state of the economy impacts the Company’s level of delinquent and nonperforming loans by putting a strain on the Company’s borrowers and their ability to pay their loan obligations.  Unemployment rates continue to be at elevated levels and businesses are reluctant to hire.  Unemployment and flat wages have caused consumer spending and demand for goods to decline, impacting the profitability of small businesses.  Consequently, the Company’s nonperforming loans remain at an elevated level.
    Nonperforming loans were $22.8 million at December 31, 2011, a $1.1 million increase from $21.7 million at year-end 2010.  Since year-end 2010, nonperforming loans in the SBA and SBA 504 segments decreased, offset by an increase in nonperforming loans in the commercial, residential mortgage and consumer segments.  Included in nonperforming loans at December 31, 2011 are approximately $939 thousand of loans guaranteed by the SBA, compared to $2.7 million at December 31, 2010.  In addition, there were $2.4 million and $374 thousand in loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest at December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.
OREO properties totaled $3.0 million at December 31, 2011, an increase of $686 thousand from $2.3 million at year-end 2010.  During 2011, the Company took title to fourteen properties totaling $6.4 million and recorded valuation adjustments of $1.4 million on ten OREO properties. The Company sold ten OREO properties totaling $4.3 million in 2011.
The Company also monitors potential problem loans.  Potential problem loans are those loans where information about possible credit problems of borrowers causes management to have doubts as to the ability of such borrowers to comply with loan repayment terms.  These loans are not included in nonperforming loans as they continue to perform.  Potential problem loans totaled $5.7 million at December 31, 2011, an increase of $211 thousand from $5.5 million at December 31, 2010.  The increase is due to the addition of loans totaling $14.6 million during the year, partially offset by the removal of loans totaling $14.4 million.
See Note 5 to the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding Asset Quality.
 
 
Page 20

 
 
Allowance for Loan Losses and Unfunded Loan Commitments
Management reviews the level of the allowance for loan losses on a quarterly basis.  The standardized methodology used to assess the adequacy of the allowance includes the allocation of specific and general reserves.  Specific reserves are made to individual impaired loans, which have been defined to include all nonperforming loans and troubled debt restructurings.  The general reserve is set based upon a representative average historical net charge-off rate adjusted for certain environmental factors such as: delinquency and impairment trends, charge-off and recovery trends, volume and loan term trends, risk and underwriting policy trends, staffing and experience changes, national and local economic trends, industry conditions and credit concentration changes.
Beginning in the third quarter of 2009, when calculating the five-year historical net charge-off rate, the Company weights the past three years more heavily due to the higher amount of charge-offs experienced during those years.  All of the environmental factors are ranked and assigned a basis points value based on the following scale: low, low moderate, moderate, high moderate and high risk.  The factors are evaluated separately for each type of loan.  For example, commercial loans are broken down further into commercial and industrial loans, commercial mortgages, construction loans, etc.  Each type of loan is risk weighted for each environmental factor based on its individual characteristics.
According to the Company’s policy, a loss (“charge-off”) is to be recognized and charged to the allowance for loan losses as soon as a loan is recognized as uncollectable.  All credits which are 90 days past due must be analyzed for the Company’s ability to collect on the credit.  Once a loss is known to exist, the charge-off approval process is immediately expedited.
Beginning in 2010, the Company significantly increased its loan loss provision in response to the inherent credit risk within its loan portfolio and changes to some of the environmental factors noted above.  The inherent credit risk was evidenced by the increase in delinquent and nonperforming loans in recent quarters, as the downturn in the economy impacted borrowers’ ability to pay and factors, such as a weakened housing market, eroded the value of underlying collateral.  In addition, net charge-offs are higher than normal, as the Company is proactively addressing these issues.
The allowance for loan losses totaled $16.3 million and $14.4 million at December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, with resulting allowance to total loan ratios of 2.76 percent and 2.33 percent, respectively.  Net charge-offs amounted to $4.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2011, compared to $6.7 million for 2010.  Net charge-offs to average loan ratios are shown in the following table for each major loan category.
 
The following is a summary of the allowance for loan losses for the past five years:

(In thousands)
 
2011
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Balance, beginning of year
  $ 14,364     $ 13,842     $ 10,326     $ 8,383     $ 7,624  
Provision charged to expense
    6,800       7,250       8,000       4,500       1,550  
Charge-offs:
                                       
SBA
    2,348       1,351       1,874       1,246       770  
SBA 504
    950       1,548       812       1,000       -  
Commercial
    1,809       3,627       1,845       408       155  
Residential mortgage
    215       500       216       25       -  
Consumer
    177       245       27       145       50  
Total charge-offs
    5,499       7,271       4,774       2,824       975  
Recoveries:
                                       
SBA
    216       243       123       177       147  
SBA 504
    77       -       27       -       -  
Commercial
    330       296       134       39       18  
Residential mortgage
    54       -       -       -       -  
Consumer
    6       4       6       51       19  
Total recoveries
    683       543       290       267       184  
Total net charge-offs
  $ 4,816     $ 6,728     $ 4,484     $ 2,557     $ 791  
Balance, end of year
  $ 16,348     $ 14,364     $ 13,842     $ 10,326     $ 8,383  
Selected loan quality ratios:
                                       
Net charge-offs to average loans:
                                       
SBA
    2.59 %     1.16 %     1.70 %     1.05
%
    0.74 %
SBA 504
    1.50       2.32       1.07       1.34       0.00  
Commercial
    0.52       1.17       0.57       0.12       0.05  
Residential mortgage
    0.12       0.38       0.17       0.02       0.00  
Consumer
    0.33       0.41       0.03       0.16       0.06  
Total loans
    0.79       1.05       0.67       0.40       0.14  
Allowance to total loans
    2.76       2.33       2.11       1.51       1.42  
Allowance to nonperforming loans
    71.80       66.31       54.29       64.06       153.49  
 
The following table sets forth, for each of the major lending categories, the amount of the allowance for loan losses allocated to each category and the percentage of total loans represented by such category, as of December 31st of each year.  The allocated allowance is the total of identified specific and general reserves by loan category.  The allocation is not necessarily indicative of the categories in which future losses may occur.  The total allowance is available to absorb losses from any segment of the portfolio.
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
(In thousands)
 
Amount
   
% of Loans to Total Loans
   
Amount
   
% of Loans to Total Loans
   
Amount
   
% of Loans to Total Loans
   
Amount
   
% of Loans to Total Loans
   
Amount
   
% of Loans to Total Loans
 
Balance applicable to:
                                                                               
SBA
  4,088       12.1    $ 4,198       14.0   3,247       15.1   2,579       15.3   2,181       15.9
SBA 504
    1,423       9.3       1,551       10.4       1,872       10.8       1,065       11.2       902       12.2  
Commercial
    8,129       47.8       6,011       45.7       6,013       44.6       4,415       44.9       4,186       49.7  
Residential mortgage
    1,703       22.6       1,679       20.8       1,615       20.3       1,464       19.5       564       12.5  
Consumer
    536       8.2       586       9.1       632       9.2       646       9.1       505       9.7  
Unallocated      469        -        339        -        463        -        157        -        45        -  
Total
  $ 16,348       100.0 %   $ 14,364       100.0 %   $ 13,842       100.0 %   $ 10,326       100.0 %   $ 8,383       100.0 %
 
In addition to the allowance for loan losses, the Company maintains an allowance for unfunded loan commitments that is maintained at a level that management believes is adequate to absorb estimated probable losses.  Adjustments to the allowance are made through other expense and applied to the allowance which is maintained in other liabilities.  At December 31, 2011, a $79 thousand commitment reserve was reported on the balance sheet as an “other liability”, compared to a $66 thousand commitment reserve at December 31, 2010.
See Note 6 to the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding the Allowance for Loan Losses and Unfunded Loan Commitments.
 
 
Page 21

 
 
Deposits
Deposits, which include noninterest-bearing demand deposits, interest-bearing demand deposits, savings deposits and time deposits, are the primary source of the Company’s funds.  The Company offers a variety of products designed to attract and retain customers, with primary focus on building and expanding relationships.  The Company continues to focus on establishing a comprehensive relationship with business borrowers, seeking deposits as well as lending relationships.

The following are period-end deposit balances for each of the last three years:

At December 31,
 
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
(In thousands)
 
Amount
   
%
   
Amount
   
%
   
Amount
   
%
 
Ending balance:
                                   
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits
  $ 101,193       15.7 %   $ 91,272       13.9 %   $ 80,100       10.6 %
Interest-bearing demand deposits
    104,749       16.3       105,530       16.1       100,046       13.2  
Savings deposits
    278,603       43.2       277,394       42.5       286,334       37.7  
Time deposits
    159,426       24.8       180,592       27.5       291,759       38.5  
Total deposits
  $ 643,971       100.0 %   $ 654,788       100.0 %   $ 758,239       100.0 %

Total deposits decreased $10.8 million to $644.0 million at December 31, 2011, from $654.8 million at December 31, 2010.  The decrease in deposits was the result of a $21.2 million decrease in time deposits and a $781 thousand decrease in interest-bearing demand deposits, partially offset by a $9.9 million increase in noninterest-bearing demand deposits and a $1.2 million increase in savings deposits.  The decline in time deposits was due to the planned run off of a maturing high rate promotion done at the end of 2008 to bolster liquidity.  The increase in noninterest-bearing and savings deposits was a result of new sales initiatives and efforts by branch personnel to bring in deposit relationships.
The mix of deposits shifted to a more favorable mix during 2011 as the concentration of time deposits fell from 27.5 percent of total deposits at December 31, 2010 to 24.8 percent of total deposits at December 31, 2011, in turn causing the concentration of all other deposit types to increase.  The average cost of interest-bearing deposits in 2011 was 1.23 percent compared to 1.61 percent for 2010.  The decrease in the cost of deposits is attributed to the lower interest rate environment and the favorable shift from higher cost time deposits to demand and savings deposits.
 
The following are average deposits for each of the last three years:

   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
(In thousands)
 
Amount
   
%
   
Amount
   
%
   
Amount
   
%
 
Average balance:
                                   
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits
  $ 93,875       14.4 %   $ 87,684       12.6 %   $ 79,252       10.9 %
Interest-bearing demand deposits
    103,574       15.9       100,729       14.5       89,500       12.4  
Savings deposits
    287,769       44.1       289,156       41.7       214,274       29.6  
Time deposits
    166,836       25.6       216,488       31.2       341,233       47.1  
Total deposits
  $ 652,054       100.0 %   $ 694,057       100.0 %   $ 724,259       100.0 %

Borrowed Funds and Subordinated Debentures
Borrowed funds consist primarily of fixed rate advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of New York and repurchase agreements. These borrowings are used as a source of liquidity or to fund asset growth not supported by deposit generation. Residential mortgages and investment securities collateralize the borrowings from the FHLB, while investment securities are pledged against the repurchase agreements.
As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, borrowed funds and subordinated debentures totaled $90.5 million, which are broken down in the following table:

(In thousands)
 
2011
   
2010
 
FHLB borrowings:
           
Fixed rate advances
  $ 30,000     $ 30,000  
Repurchase agreements
    30,000       30,000  
Other repurchase agreements
    15,000       15,000  
Subordinated debentures
    15,465       15,465  
 
At December 31, 2011, the Company had $54.9 million of additional credit available at the FHLB. Pledging additional collateral in the form of 1 to 4 family residential mortgages or investment securities can increase the line with the FHLB.
For additional information, see Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
Page 22

 

Market Risk
Based on the Company’s business, the two largest risks facing the Company are market risk and credit risk.  Market risk for the Company is primarily limited to interest rate risk, which is the impact that changes in interest rates would have on future earnings.  The Company’s Risk Management Committee (“RMC”) manages this risk.  The principal objectives of RMC are to establish prudent risk management guidelines, evaluate and control the level of interest rate risk in balance sheet accounts, determine the level of appropriate risk given the business focus, operating environment, capital, and liquidity requirements, and actively manage risk within Board-approved guidelines.  RMC reviews the maturities and repricing of loans, investments, deposits and borrowings, cash flow needs, current market conditions, and interest rate levels.
The Company uses various techniques to evaluate risk levels on both a short and long-term basis.  One of the monitoring tools is the “gap” ratio.  A gap ratio, as a percentage of assets, is calculated to determine the maturity and repricing mismatch between interest rate-sensitive assets and interest rate-sensitive liabilities.  A gap is considered positive when the amount of interest rate-sensitive assets repricing exceeds the amount of interest rate-sensitive liabilities repricing in a designated time period.  A positive gap should result in higher net interest income with rising interest rates, as the amount of the assets repricing exceed the amount of liabilities repricing.  Conversely, a gap is considered negative when the amount of interest rate-sensitive liabilities exceeds interest rate-sensitive assets, and lower rates should result in higher net interest income.
Repricing of mortgage-related securities are shown by contractual amortization and estimated prepayments based on the most recent 3-month constant prepayment rate.  Callable agency securities are shown based upon their option-adjusted spread modified duration date (“OAS”), rather than the next call date or maturity date.  The OAS date considers the coupon on the security, the time to the next call date, the maturity date, market volatility and current rate levels.  Fixed rate loans are allocated based on expected amortization.
The following table sets forth the gap ratio at December 31, 2011.  Assumptions regarding the repricing characteristics of certain assets and liabilities are critical in determining the projected level of rate sensitivity.  Certain savings and interest checking accounts are less sensitive to market interest rate changes than other interest-bearing sources of funds.  Core deposits such as interest-bearing demand, savings and money market deposits are allocated based on their expected repricing in relation to changes in market interest rates.

(In thousands)
 
Under six months
   
Six months through one year
   
More than one year through three years
   
More than three years through
five years
   
More than
five years
through
ten years
   
More than
ten years
and not repricing
   
Total
 
Assets:
                                         
Cash and due from banks
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ 17,688     $ 17,688  
Federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits
    64,886       -       -       -       -       -       64,886  
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
    -       -       -       -       -       4,088       4,088  
Securities
    19,779       12,572       29,834       12,309       19,554       13,488       107,536  
Loans
    188,752       68,506       157,098       99,642       40,448       38,146       592,592  
Other assets
    -       -       -       -       -       24,056       24,056  
Total Assets
  $ 273,417     $ 81,078     $ 186,932     $ 111,951     $ 60,002     $ 97,466     $ 810,846  
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity:
                                                       
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ 101,193     $ 101,193  
Savings and interest-bearing demand deposits
    173,307       701       85,118       73,976       50,250       -       383,352  
Time deposits
    63,620       29,190       44,116       22,218       218       64       159,426  
Borrowed funds and subordinated debentures
    15,000       -       -       30,000       45,000       465       90,465  
Other liabilities
    -       -       -       -       -       2,852       2,852  
Shareholders’ equity
    -       -       -       -       -       73,558       73,558  
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
  $ 251,927     $ 29,891     $ 129,234     $ 126,194     $ 95,468     $ 178,132     $ 810,846  
Gap
  $ 21,490     $ 51,187     $ 57,698     $ (14,243 )   $ (35,466 )   $ (80,666 )   $ -  
Cumulative Gap
  $ 21,490     $ 72,677     $ 130,375     $ 116,132     $ 80,666     $ -     $ -  
Cumulative Gap to Total Assets%
    2.7 %     9.0 %     16.1 %     14.3 %     9.9 %     -       -  
 
At December 31, 2011, there was a six-month asset-sensitive gap of $21.5 million and a one-year asset-sensitive gap of $72.7 million, as compared to asset-sensitive gaps of $42.5 million and $68.5 million at December 31, 2010.  The six-month and one-year cumulative gap to total assets ratios were within the Board-approved guidelines of +/- 20 percent.
Other models are also used in conjunction with the static gap table, which is not able to capture the risk of changing spread relationships over time, the effects of projected growth in the balance sheet or dynamic decisions such as the modification of investment maturities as a rate environment unfolds. For these reasons, a simulation model is used, where numerous interest rate scenarios and balance sheets are combined to produce a range of potential income results. Net interest income is managed within guideline ranges for interest rates rising or falling by 200 basis points.  Results outside of guidelines require action by RMC to correct the imbalance. Simulations are typically created over a 12 to 24 month time horizon. At December 31, 2011, these simulations show that with a 200 basis point rate increase over a 12 month period, net interest income would increase by approximately $193 thousand, or 0.7 percent. A 200 basis point rate decline over a 12 month period would decrease net interest income by approximately $565 thousand or 2.1 percent. These variances in net interest income are within the Board-approved guidelines of +/- 5 percent.
Finally, to measure the impact of longer-term asset and liability mismatches beyond two years, the Company utilizes Modified Duration of Equity and Economic Value of Portfolio Equity (“EVPE”) models.  The modified duration of equity measures the potential price risk of equity to changes in interest rates.  A longer modified duration of equity indicates a greater degree of risk to rising interest rates.  Because of balance sheet optionality, an EVPE analysis is also used to dynamically model the present value of asset and liability cash flows, with rate shocks of 200 basis points.  The economic value of equity is likely to be different as interest rates change.  Like the simulation model, results falling outside prescribed ranges require action by RMC.  The Company’s variance in the economic value of equity with rate shocks of 200 basis points is a decline of 4.18 percent in a rising rate environment and a decline of 14.40 percent in a falling rate environment at December 31, 2011.  At December 31, 2010, the Company’s variance in the economic value of equity with rate shocks of 200 basis points is a decline of 8.46 percent in a rising rate environment and a decline of 9.13 percent in a falling rate environment. The variance in the EVPE at December 31, 2011 and 2010 is within Board-approved guidelines of +/- 35 percent.
 
 
Page 23

 
 
Financial Derivatives
In order to manage interest rate risk, the Company may enter into financial derivative contracts such as interest rate swaps.  At December 31, 2011 and 2010 the Company was a party to interest rate swap agreements used to hedge variable rate debt as follows:

(In thousands, except percentages and years)
 
2011
   
2010
 
Notional amount
  $ 5,000     $ 15,000  
Weighted average pay rate
    3.94 %     4.05 %
Weighted average receive rate (three-month LIBOR)
    0.32 %     0.34 %
Weighted average maturity in years
    0.25       0.90  
Unrealized loss relating to interest rate swaps
  $ (43 )   $ (499 )
 
For additional information, see Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Operating, Investing and Financing
The Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows present the changes in cash from operating, investing and financing activities. At December 31, 2011, the balance of cash and cash equivalents was $82.6 million, an increase of $38.6 million from December 31, 2010.
Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $16.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2011, compared to $17.0 million for the prior year. The primary sources of funds were adjustments to net income, such as the provision for loan losses, depreciation expenses, and proceeds from SBA loans held for sale and mortgage loans held for sale, offset by originations of SBA and mortgage loans held for sale.
Net cash provided by investing activities amounted to $33.7 million in 2011, compared to $67.7 million in 2010.  The cash provided by investing activities was primarily a result of sales, maturities and principal payments on securities and a net decrease in loans, partially offset by purchases of securities.
Net cash used in financing activities was $11.4 million in 2011, compared to $114.4 million in 2010.  Net cash used in financing activities consisted of a decline in deposits, the repayment of borrowings and dividends paid on preferred stock, partially offset by proceeds from the exercise of stock options.

Liquidity

The Company’s liquidity is a measure of its ability to fund loans, withdrawals or maturities of deposits and other cash outflows in a cost-effective manner.

Parent Company
Generally, the Parent Company’s cash is used for the payment of operating expenses and cash dividends on the preferred stock issued to the U.S. Treasury.  The principal sources of funds for the Parent Company are dividends paid by the Bank. The Parent Company only pays expenses that are specifically for the benefit of the Parent Company. Other than its investment in the Bank, Unity Statutory Trust II and Unity Statutory Trust III, the Parent Company does not actively engage in other transactions or business.  The majority of expenses paid by the Parent Company are related to Unity Statutory Trust II and Unity Statutory Trust III.
At December 31, 2011, the Parent Company had $3.5 million in cash and $88 thousand in marketable securities, valued at fair market value compared to $4.1 million in cash and $98 thousand in marketable securities at December 31, 2010.  The decrease in cash at the Parent Company was primarily due to the payment of cash dividends on preferred stock.
 
Consolidated Bank
The principal sources of funds at the Bank are deposits, scheduled amortization and prepayments of loan and investment principal, sales and maturities of investment securities and funds provided by operations.  While scheduled loan payments and maturing investments are relatively predictable sources of funds, deposit flows and loan prepayments are greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions and competition.
Total FHLB borrowings amounted to $60.0 million and third party repurchase agreements totaled $15.0 million as of December 31, 2011.  At December 31, 2011, $54.9 million was available for additional borrowings from the FHLB.  Pledging additional collateral in the form of 1 to 4 family residential mortgages or investment securities can increase the line with the FHLB.  An additional source of liquidity is the securities available for sale portfolio and SBA loans held for sale portfolio, which amounted to $88.7 million and $7.7 million, respectively, at December 31, 2011.
As of December 31, 2011, deposits included $54.6 million of Government deposits, as compared to $36.3 million at year-end 2010.  These deposits are generally short in duration and are very sensitive to price competition.  The Company believes that the current level of these types of deposits is appropriate.  Included in the portfolio were $51.0 million of deposits from seven municipalities.  The withdrawal of these deposits, in whole or in part, would not create a liquidity shortfall for the Company.
 The Company was committed to advance approximately $79.4 million to its borrowers as of December 31, 2011, compared to $66.0 million at December 31, 2010.  At December 31, 2011, $37.4 million of these commitments expire after one year, compared to $17.2 million a year earlier.  At December 31, 2011, the Company had $1.8 million in standby letters of credit compared to $1.5 million at December 31, 2010.  The estimated fair value of these guarantees is not significant.  The Company believes it has the necessary liquidity to honor all commitments.  Many of these commitments will expire and never be funded.
 
 
Page 24

 
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations
The following table shows the amounts and expected maturities of off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2011. Further discussion of these commitments is included in Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(In thousands)
 
One Year or Less
   
One to Three Years
   
Three to Five Years
   
Over Five Years
   
Total
 
Standby letters of credit
  $ 1,819     $ -     $ -     $ 10     $ 1,829  
 
The following table shows the contractual obligations of the Company by expected payment period, as of December 31, 2011. Further discussion of these commitments is included in Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(In thousands)
 
One Year or Less
   
One to Three Years
   
Three to Five Years
   
Over Five Years
   
Total
 
Borrowed funds and subordinated debentures
  $ -     $ -     $ 30,000     $ 60,465     $ 90,465  
Operating lease obligations
    1,078       1,328       16       -       2,422  
Purchase obligations
    937       1,848       1,848       76       4,709  
Total
  $ 2,015     $ 3,176     $ 31,864     $ 60,541     $ 97,596  

Borrowed funds and subordinated debentures include fixed term borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank, repurchase agreements and subordinated debentures.  The borrowings have defined terms and under certain circumstances are callable at the option of the lender.
Operating leases represent obligations, net of any sublease agreements, entered into by the Company for the use of land, premises and equipment.  The leases generally have escalation terms based upon certain defined indexes.
Purchase obligations represent legally binding and enforceable agreements to purchase goods and services from third parties and consist primarily of contractual obligations under data processing and ATM service agreements.

Capital
A significant measure of the strength of a financial institution is its capital base.  Federal regulators have classified and defined capital into the following components: (1) tier 1 capital, which includes tangible shareholders’ equity for common stock, qualifying preferred stock and other qualifying hybrid instruments, and (2) tier 2 capital, which includes a portion of the allowance for loan losses, certain qualifying long-term debt and preferred stock which does not qualify as tier 1 capital.  Minimum capital levels are regulated by risk-based capital adequacy guidelines, which require a bank to maintain certain capital as a percent of assets and certain off-balance sheet items adjusted for predefined credit risk factors (risk-weighted assets).  A bank is required to maintain, at a minimum, tier 1 capital as a percentage of risk-weighted assets of 4 percent and combined tier 1 and tier 2 capital as a percentage of risk-weighted assets of 8 percent.In addition, banks are required to meet a leverage capital requirement, which measures tier 1 capital against average assets. Banks which are highly rated and not experiencing significant growth are required to maintain a leverage ratio of 3 percent while all other banks are expected to maintain a leverage ratio 1 to 2 percentage points higher.
 
The following table summarizes the Company’s and the Bank’s risk-based capital and leverage ratios at December 31, 2011 and 2010, as well as the minimum regulatory capital ratios required to be deemed “well-capitalized.”

Company
 
2011
   
2010
   
Adequately
Capitalized
Requirements
   
Well-
Capitalized
Requirements
 
Leverage ratio
    10.44 %     9.97 %     4.00 %     N/A  
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio
    14.33       13.04       4.00       N/A  
Total risk-based capital ratio
    15.60       14.30       8.00       N/A  


Bank
 
2011
   
2010
   
Adequately
Capitalized
Requirements
   
Well-
Capitalized
Requirements
 
Leverage ratio
    9.01 %     8.48 %     4.00 %     5.00 %
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio
    12.36       11.10       4.00       6.00  
Total risk-based capital ratio
    15.05       13.69       8.00       10.00  

At December 31, 2011, shareholders’ equity was $73.6 million, an increase of $3.5 million from year-end 2010.  The increase in shareholders’ equity was due to net income of $2.5 million, $963 thousand from the issuance of common stock under employee benefit plans, $724 thousand appreciation in the net unrealized gains on available for sale securities, and $274 thousand appreciation in net unrealized gains on cash flow hedge derivatives, partially offset by $1.0 million in dividends accrued on preferred stock.  The issuance of common stock under employee benefit plans includes nonqualified stock options and restricted stock expense related entries, employee option exercises and the tax benefit of options exercised.
During the first quarter of 2011, the Company retired approximately 425 thousand shares of Treasury Stock.  The associated $4.2 million was allocated between common stock and retained earnings.
On October 3, 2008, Congress passed the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (“EESA”), which provided the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury with broad authority to implement certain actions to help restore stability and liquidity to the U.S. markets.  One of the programs resulting from the EESA was the Treasury’s Capital Purchase Program (“CPP”) which provided direct equity investment of perpetual preferred stock by the U.S. Treasury in qualified financial institutions.   This program was voluntary and requires an institution to comply with several restrictions and provisions, including limits on executive compensation, stock redemptions, and declaration of dividends.  The perpetual preferred stock has a dividend rate of 5 percent per year until the fifth anniversary of the Treasury investment and a dividend of 9 percent thereafter.  The Company received an investment in perpetual preferred stock of $20.6 million on December 5, 2008.
As part of the CPP, the Company’s future ability to pay cash dividends is limited for so long as the Treasury holds the preferred stock.  As so limited the Company may not increase its quarterly cash dividend above $0.05 per share, the quarterly rate in effect at the time the CPP program was announced, without the prior approval of the Treasury.  The Company did not declare or pay any dividends during 2011 or 2010.  The Company is currently preserving capital and will resume paying dividends when earnings and credit quality improve.
The Company pays quarterly dividends to the U.S. Treasury on the preferred stock which it holds.  During 2011, the Company accrued $1.0 million in dividends payable and $526 thousand in the accretion of the discount on the preferred stock.  The accrued preferred stock dividends and discount accretion are presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity.  Amounts accrued and unpaid are included on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as “Accrued expenses and other liabilities.”  Cash dividends paid to the U.S. Treasury totaled $1.0 million during 2011 and appear on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
The Company suspended its share repurchase program, as required by the CPP.  On October 21, 2002, the Company authorized the repurchase of up to 10 percent of its outstanding common stock.  The amount and timing of purchases is dependent upon a number of factors, including the price and availability of the Company’s shares, general market conditions and competing alternate uses of funds.  There were no shares repurchased during 2011 or 2010.  As of December 31, 2011, the Company had repurchased a total of 556 thousand shares, of which 131 thousand shares have been retired, leaving 153 thousand shares remaining to be repurchased under the plan when and if it is reinstated.
 
 
Page 25

 
 
Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains certain forward-looking statements, either expressed or implied, which are provided to assist the reader in understanding anticipated future financial performance. These statements involve certain risks, uncertainties, estimates and assumptions by management.
Factors that may cause actual results to differ from those results expressed or implied, include, but are not limited to those listed under Item 1A - “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K; the overall economy and the interest rate environment; the ability of customers to repay their obligations; the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses; competition; significant changes in tax, accounting or regulatory practices and requirements; and technological changes.  Although management has taken certain steps to mitigate the negative effect of the aforementioned items, significant unfavorable changes could severely impact the assumptions used and have an adverse effect on future profitability.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” is based upon the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). The preparation of these financial statements requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Note 1 to the Company’s Audited Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2011, contains a summary of the Company’s significant accounting policies. Management believes the Company’s policies with respect to the methodology for the determination of the other-than-temporary impairment on securities, servicing assets, allowance for loan losses, cash flow hedges and income taxes involve a higher degree of complexity and require management to make difficult and subjective judgments, which often require assumptions or estimates about highly uncertain matters. Changes in these judgments, assumptions or estimates could materially impact results of operations. These critical policies are periodically reviewed with the Audit Committee and the Board of Directors.

Other-Than-Temporary Impairment
The Company has a process in place to identify debt securities that could potentially incur credit impairment that is other-than-temporary.  This process involves monitoring late payments, pricing levels, downgrades by rating agencies, key financial ratios, financial statements, revenue forecasts and cash flow projections as indicators of credit issues.  Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concern warrants such evaluation.  This evaluation considers relevant facts and circumstances in evaluating whether a credit or interest rate-related impairment of a security is other-than-temporary.  Relevant facts and circumstances considered include: (1) the extent and length of time the fair value has been below cost; (2) the reasons for the decline in value; (3) the financial position and access to capital of the issuer, including the current and future impact of any specific events and (4) for fixed maturity securities, our intent to sell a security or whether it is more likely than not we will be required to sell the security before the recovery of its amortized cost which, in some cases, may extend to maturity and for equity securities, our ability and intent to hold the security for a forecasted period of time that allows for the recovery in value.
Management assesses its intent to sell or whether it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell a security before recovery of its amortized cost basis less any current-period credit losses.  For debt securities that are considered other-than-temporarily impaired with no intent to sell and no requirement to sell prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis, the amount of the impairment is separated into the amount that is credit related (credit loss component) and the amount due to all other factors. The credit loss component is recognized in earnings and is the difference between the security’s amortized cost basis and the present value of its expected future cash flows. The remaining difference between the security’s fair value and the present value of future expected cash flows is due to factors that are not credit related and is recognized in other comprehensive income.
The present value of expected future cash flows is determined using the best estimate cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate implicit to the security at the date of purchase or the current yield to accrete an asset-backed or floating rate security. The methodology and assumptions for establishing the best estimate cash flows vary depending on the type of security. The asset-backed securities cash flow estimates are based on bond specific facts and circumstances that may include collateral characteristics, expectations of delinquency and default rates, loss severity and prepayment speeds and structural support, including subordination and guarantees. The corporate bond cash flow estimates are derived from scenario-based outcomes of expected corporate restructurings or the disposition of assets using bond specific facts and circumstances including timing, security interests and loss severity.
For additional information on other-than-temporary impairment, see Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Servicing Assets
Servicing assets represent the allocated value of retained servicing rights on loans sold.  Servicing assets are expensed in proportion to, and over the period of, estimated net servicing revenues.  Impairment is evaluated based on stratifying the underlying financial assets by date of origination and term.  Fair value is determined using prices for similar assets with similar characteristics, when available, or based upon discounted cash flows using market-based assumptions.  Any impairment, if temporary, would be reported as a valuation allowance.
For additional information on servicing assets, see Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
Page 26

 
 
Allowance for Loan Losses
The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level management considers adequate to provide for probable loan losses as of the balance sheet date.  The allowance is increased by provisions charged to expense and is reduced by net charge-offs.
      The level of the allowance is based on management’s evaluation of probable losses in the loan portfolio, after consideration of prevailing economic conditions in the Company’s market area, the volume and composition of the loan portfolio, and historical loan loss experience.   The allowance for loan losses consists of specific reserves for individually impaired credits and troubled debt restructurings, reserves for nonimpaired loans based on historical loss factors and reserves based on general economic factors and other qualitative risk factors such as changes in delinquency trends, industry concentrations or local/national economic trends.   This risk assessment process is performed at least quarterly, and, as adjustments become necessary, they are realized in the periods in which they become known.
      Although management attempts to maintain the allowance at a level deemed adequate to provide for probable losses, future additions to the allowance may be necessary based upon certain factors including changes in market conditions and underlying collateral values.  In addition, various regulatory agencies periodically review the adequacy of the Company’s allowance for loan losses.  These agencies may require the Company to make additional provisions based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination.
      The Company maintains an allowance for unfunded loan commitments that is maintained at a level that management believes is adequate to absorb estimated probable losses.  Adjustments to the allowance are made through other expenses and applied to the allowance which is maintained in other liabilities.
For additional information on the allowance for loan losses, see Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
The Company uses derivative instruments, such as interest rate swaps, to manage interest rate risk.  The Company recognizes all derivative instruments at fair value as either assets or liabilities in other assets or other liabilities.  The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship.  For derivatives not designated as an accounting hedge, the gain or loss is recognized in trading noninterest income.  As of December 31, 2011, all of the Company’s derivative instruments qualified as hedging instruments.
 For those derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments, the Company must designate the hedging instrument, based on the exposure being hedged, as a fair value hedge, a cash flow hedge or a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation.  The Company does not have any fair value hedges or hedges of foreign operations.
The Company formally documents the relationship between the hedging instruments and hedged item, as well as the risk management objective and strategy before undertaking a hedge.  To qualify for hedge accounting, the derivatives and hedged items must be designated as a hedge.  For hedging relationships in which effectiveness is measured, the Company formally assesses both at inception and on an ongoing basis, if the derivatives are highly effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of the hedged item.  If it is determined that the derivative instrument is not highly effective as a hedge, hedge accounting is discontinued.
For derivatives that are designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on derivatives is reported as a component of other comprehensive income or loss and subsequently reclassified in interest income in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings.  As a result, the change in fair value of any ineffective portion of the hedging derivative is recognized immediately in earnings.
The Company will discontinue hedge accounting when it is determined that the derivative is no longer qualifying as an effective hedge; the derivative expires or is sold, terminated or exercised; or the derivative is de-designated as a fair value or cash flow hedge or it is no longer probable that the forecasted transaction will occur by the end of the originally specified time period.  If the Company determines that the derivative no longer qualifies as a cash flow or fair value hedge and therefore hedge accounting is discontinued, the derivative will continue to be recorded on the balance sheet at its fair value with changes in fair value included in current earnings.
For additional information on derivative instruments, see Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes according to the asset and liability method.  Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates applicable to taxable income for the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.  Valuation reserves are established against certain deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized.  Increases or decreases in the valuation reserve are charged or credited to the income tax provision.
When tax returns are filed, it is highly certain that some positions taken would be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, while others are subject to uncertainty about the merits of the position taken or the amount of the position that ultimately would be sustained.  The benefit of a tax position is recognized in the financial statements in the period during which, based on all available evidence, management believes it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of appeals or litigation processes, if any.  The evaluation of a tax position taken is considered by itself and not offset or aggregated with other positions.  Tax positions that meet the more likely than not recognition threshold are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement with the applicable taxing authority.  The portion of benefits associated with tax positions taken that exceeds the amount measured as described above is reflected as a liability for unrecognized tax benefits in the accompanying balance sheet along with any associated interest and penalties that would be payable to the taxing authorities upon examination.
Interest and penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits would be recognized in income tax expense on the income statement.
For additional information on income taxes, see Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 
Page 27

 

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Under the supervision and with the participation of the principal executive officer and the principal financial officer, management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on our evaluation under the framework, management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2011.

Pursuant to the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, management’s assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011 has not been attested to by McGladrey & Pullen, LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2011, as stated in their report which is included herein.



James A. Hughes
President and Chief Executive Officer


Alan J. Bedner
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

 
Page 28

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders
Unity Bancorp, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets of Unity Bancorp, Inc. and subsidiaries (“the Company”) as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the related Consolidated Statements of Income, Comprehensive Income, Changes in Shareholders’ Equity and Cash Flows for the years then ended. These Consolidated Financial Statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting.  Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.  Accordingly, we express no such opinion.  An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the Consolidated Financial Statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Unity Bancorp, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.



McGladrey & Pullen, LLP
Blue Bell, Pennsylvania
March 15, 2012

 
Page 29

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands)
December 31,
           
      2011       2010  
ASSETS
               
Cash and due from banks
  $ 17,688     $ 17,637  
Federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits
    64,886       26,289  
Cash and cash equivalents
    82,574       43,926  
Securities:
               
Available for sale
    88,765       107,131  
Held to maturity (fair value of $19,879 and $21,351 in 2011 and 2010, respectively)
    18,771       21,111  
Total securities
    107,536       128,242  
Loans:
               
SBA held for sale
    7,668       10,397  
SBA held to maturity
    64,175       75,741  
SBA 504
    55,108       64,276  
Commercial
    283,104       281,205  
Residential mortgage
    134,090       128,400  
Consumer
    48,447       55,917  
Total loans
    592,592       615,936  
Less: Allowance for loan losses
    16,348       14,364  
Net loans
    576,244       601,572  
Premises and equipment, net
    11,350       10,967  
Bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”)
    9,107       8,812  
Deferred tax assets
    6,878       7,550  
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
    4,088       4,206  
Accrued interest receivable
    3,703       3,791  
Other real estate owned (“OREO”)
    3,032       2,346  
Prepaid FDIC insurance
    2,545       3,266  
Goodwill and other intangibles
    1,530       1,544  
Other assets
    2,259       2,188  
Total Assets
  $ 810,846     $ 818,410  
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Liabilities:
               
Deposits:
               
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits
  $ 101,193     $ 91,272  
Interest-bearing demand deposits
    104,749       105,530  
Savings deposits
    278,603       277,394  
Time deposits, under $100,000
    102,809       119,478  
Time deposits, $100,000 and over
    56,617       61,114  
Total deposits
    643,971       654,788  
Borrowed funds
    75,000       75,000  
Subordinated debentures
    15,465       15,465  
Accrued interest payable
    523       556  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    2,329       2,516  
Total Liabilities
    737,288       748,325  
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)
    -       -  
Shareholders’ equity:
               
Cumulative perpetual preferred stock, Series B, $1 liquidation preference per share, 500 shares authorized, 21 shares issued and outstanding in 2011 and 2010
    19,545       19,019  
Common stock, no par value, 12,500 shares authorized, 7,459 shares issued and outstanding in 2011; 7,636 shares issued and 7,211 outstanding in 2010
    53,746       55,884  
Accumulated deficit
    (854 )     (772 )
Treasury stock at cost (425 shares in 2010)
    -       (4,169 )
Accumulated other comprehensive income
    1,121       123  
Total Shareholders’ Equity
    73,558       70,085  
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
  $ 810,846     $ 818,410  

The accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

 
Page 30

 

Consolidated Statements of Income
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
For the years ended December 31,
           
      2011       2010  
INTEREST INCOME
               
Federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits
  $ 61     $ 87  
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
    183       235  
Securities:
               
Available for sale
    3,204       4,287  
Held to maturity
    787       1,117  
Total securities
    3,991       5,404  
Loans:
               
SBA
    4,665       5,264  
SBA 504
    3,482       4,305  
Commercial
    17,492       18,130  
Residential mortgage
    7,107       7,684  
Consumer
    2,542       2,926  
Total loans
    35,288       38,309  
Total interest income
    39,523       44,035  
INTEREST EXPENSE
               
Interest-bearing demand deposits
    571       737  
Savings deposits
    2,202       2,829  
Time deposits
    4,067       6,173  
Borrowed funds and subordinated debentures
    3,711       4,296  
Total interest expense
    10,551       14,035  
Net interest income
    28,972       30,000  
Provision for loan losses
    6,800       7,250  
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
    22,172       22,750  
NONINTEREST INCOME
               
Branch fee income
    1,445       1,424  
Service and loan fee income
    1,034       979  
Gain on sale of SBA loans held for sale, net
    962       500  
Gain on sale of mortgage loans, net
    951       1,052  
Bank owned life insurance
    295       310  
Net security gains
    303       85  
Other income
    671       719  
Total noninterest income
    5,661       5,069  
NONINTEREST EXPENSE
               
Compensation and benefits
    11,781       11,875  
Occupancy
    2,781       2,522  
Processing and communications
    2,104       2,139  
Furniture and equipment
    1,527       1,755  
Professional services
    817       737  
Loan collection costs
    979       964  
OREO expenses
    1,229       1,316  
Deposit insurance
    775       1,301  
Advertising
    727       624  
Other expenses
    1,798       1,757  
Total noninterest expense
    24,518       24,990  
Income before provision for income taxes
    3,315       2,829  
Provision for income taxes
    769       589  
Net income
    2,546       2,240  
Preferred stock dividends and discount accretion
    1,558       1,520  
Income available to common shareholders
  $ 988     $ 720  
Net income per common share - Basic
  $ 0.13     $ 0.10  
Net income per common share - Diluted
    0.13       0.10  
Weighted average common shares outstanding - Basic
    7,333       7,173  
Weighted average common shares outstanding - Diluted
    7,735       7,447  

The accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
 
Page 31

 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(In thousands)
For the years ended December 31,
           
      2011       2010  
Net income
  $ 2,546     $ 2,240  
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
               
Unrealized gains on securities:
               
Unrealized holding gains arising during period
    1,004       532  
Less: Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income
    280       114  
Total unrealized gains on securities
    724       418  
Unrealized gains on cash flow hedge derivatives:
               
Unrealized holding gains arising during period
    274       166  
Total other comprehensive income
    998       584  
Total comprehensive income
  $ 3,544     $ 2,824  
 
The accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
 
 
Page 32

 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity
(In thousands)
   
Preferred Stock
 
Common Stock
 
Accumulated Deficit
 
Treasury
Stock
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
(Loss)
 
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
Shares
Amount
Balance, December 31, 2009
$
18,533
 
7,144
$
55,454
$
(1,492)
$
(4,169)
$
(461)
$
67,865
Net income
             
2,240
         
2,240
Unrealized holding gains on securities and cash flow hedge derivatives
                     
584
 
584
Accretion of discount on preferred stock
 
486
         
(486)
         
-
Dividends on preferred stock
(5% annually)
             
(1,034)
         
(1,034)
Common stock issued and related tax effects (1)
     
67
 
430
             
430
Balance, December 31, 2010
$
19,019
 
7,211
$
55,884
$
(772)
$
(4,169)
$
123
$
70,085
Net income
             
2,546
         
2,546
Unrealized holding gains on securities and cash flow hedge derivatives
                     
998
 
998
Accretion of discount on preferred stock
 
526
         
(526)
         
-
Dividends on preferred stock
(5% annually)
             
(1,034)
         
(1,034)
Retire Treasury stock
         
(3,101)
 
(1,068)
 
4,169
     
-
Common stock issued and related tax effects (1)
     
248
 
963
             
963
Balance, December 31, 2011
$
19,545
 
7,459
$
53,746
$
(854)
$
-
$
1,121
$
73,558
 
(1) Includes the issuance of common stock under employee benefit plans, which includes nonqualified stock options and restricted stock expense related entries, employee option exercises and the tax benefit of options exercised.

The accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

 
Page 33

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
 For the years ended December 31,                
      2011       2010  
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
               
Net income
  $ 2,546     $ 2,240  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
Provision for loan losses
    6,800       7,250  
Net amortization of purchase premiums and discounts on securities
    576       881  
Depreciation and amortization
    1,040       1,317  
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
    4       (641 )
Net security gains
    (303 )     (85 )
Stock compensation expense
    221       317  
Loss on sale of OREO
    227       707  
Gain on sale of SBA loans held for sale, net
    (962 )     (500 )
Gain on sale of mortgage loans, net
    (951 )     (1,052 )
Origination of mortgage loans held for sale
    (55,781 )     (54,299 )
Origination of SBA loans held for sale
    (10,682 )     (1,573 )
Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans held for sale, net
    56,732       55,351  
Proceeds from sale of SBA loans held for sale, net
    14,243       5,286  
Loss on sale or disposal of premises and equipment
    227       9  
Net change in other assets and liabilities
    2,421       1,800  
Net cash provided by operating activities
    16,358       17,008  
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
               
Purchases of securities held to maturity
    (6,918 )     (3,765 )
Purchases of securities available for sale
    (39,135 )     (46,711 )
Maturities and principal payments on securities held to maturity
    7,011       8,882  
Maturities and principal payments on securities available for sale
    35,393       65,877  
Proceeds from sale of securities held to maturity
    2,168       1,893  
Proceeds from sale of securities available for sale
    23,123       14,513  
Proceeds from redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock
    118       471  
Proceeds from sale of OREO
    4,052       8,077  
Net decrease in loans
    9,594       21,353  
Purchase of bank owned life insurance
    -       (2,500 )
Proceeds from sale or disposal of premises and equipment
    2       -  
Purchases of premises and equipment
    (1,715 )     (421 )
Net cash provided by investing activities
    33,693       67,669  
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
               
Net decrease in deposits
    (10,817 )     (103,451 )
Repayments of borrowings
    -       (10,000 )
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
    446       97  
Dividends on preferred stock
    (1,032 )     (1,032 )
Net cash used in financing activities
    (11,403 )     (114,386 )
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    38,648       (29,709 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
    43,926       73,635  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
  $ 82,574     $ 43,926  
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES:
               
Cash
               
Interest paid
  $ 10,584     $ 14,189  
Income taxes paid
    606       1,328  
Noncash investing activities:
               
Transfer of SBA loans held for sale to held to maturity
    130       7,796  
Transfer of loans to OREO
    6,411       9,700  
 
The accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
 
 
Page 34

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
1.   Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Overview
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Unity Bancorp, Inc. (the “Parent Company”) and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Unity Bank (the “Bank” or when consolidated with the Parent Company, the “Company”).  All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Unity Bancorp, Inc. is a bank holding company incorporated in New Jersey and registered under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended.  Its wholly-owned subsidiary, the Bank, is chartered by the New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance.   The Bank provides a full range of commercial and retail banking services through fifteen branch offices located in Hunterdon, Middlesex, Somerset, Union and Warren counties in New Jersey and Northampton County in Pennsylvania.  These services include the acceptance of demand, savings, and time deposits and the extension of consumer, real estate, Small Business Administration (“SBA”) and other commercial credits.
Unity Bank has eight wholly-owned subsidiaries, Unity Investment Services, Inc., Unity Financial Services, Inc.,  AJB Residential Realty Enterprises, Inc.,  AJB Commercial Realty, Inc., MKCD Commercial, Inc., JAH Commercial, Inc., UB Commercial LLC, and ASBC Holdings LLC.  Unity Investment Services, Inc. is used to hold and administer part of the Bank’s investment portfolio.  Unity Financial Services, Inc. sells third party investments such as insurance and annuities.  The other subsidiaries hold, administer and maintain the Bank’s other real estate owned (“OREO”) properties.
The Company has two wholly-owned statutory trust subsidiaries.  See details in Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Amounts requiring the use of significant estimates include the allowance for loan losses, valuation of deferred tax and servicing assets, the carrying value of loans held for sale and other real estate owned, the determination of other-than-temporary impairment for securities and fair value disclosures.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year to conform to the current year presentation, with no impact on prior year earnings.

Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due from banks, federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits.

Securities
The Company classifies its securities into two categories, available for sale and held to maturity.
Securities that are classified as available for sale are stated at fair value.  Unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale are excluded from results of operations and are reported as other comprehensive income, a separate component of shareholders’ equity, net of taxes.  Securities classified as available for sale include securities that may be sold in response to changes in interest rates, changes in prepayment risks or for asset/liability management purposes.  The cost of securities sold is determined on a specific identification basis.  Gains and losses on sales of securities are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Income on the date of sale.
Securities are classified as held to maturity based on management’s intent and ability to hold them to maturity.  Such securities are stated at cost, adjusted for unamortized purchase premiums and discounts using the level yield method.
If transfers between the available for sale and held to maturity portfolios occur, they are accounted for at fair value and  unrealized holding gains and losses are accounted for at the date of transfer.  For securities transferred to available for sale from held to maturity, unrealized gains or losses as of the date of the transfer are recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), a separate component of shareholders’ equity.  For securities transferred into the held to maturity portfolio from the available for sale portfolio, unrealized gains or losses as of the date of transfer continue to be reported in other comprehensive income (loss), and are amortized over the remaining life of the security as an adjustment to its yield, consistent with amortization of the premium or accretion of the discount.
The Company has a process in place to identify debt securities for impairment that is other-than-temporary.  This process involves monitoring late payments, pricing levels, downgrades by rating agencies, key financial ratios, financial statements, revenue forecasts and cash flow projections as indicators of credit issues.  Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concern warrants such evaluation.  This evaluation considers relevant facts and circumstances in evaluating whether a credit or interest rate related impairment of a security is other-than-temporary.  Relevant facts and circumstances considered include: (1) the extent and length of time the fair value has been below cost; (2) the reasons for the decline in value; (3) the financial position and access to capital of the issuer, including the current and future impact of any specific events and (4) for fixed maturity securities, our intent to sell a security or whether it is more likely than not we will be required to sell the security before the recovery of its amortized cost which, in some cases, may extend to maturity and for equity securities, our ability and intent to hold the security for a period of time that allows for the recovery in value.
Management assesses their intent to sell or whether it is more likely than not that they will be required to sell a security before recovery of its amortized cost basis less any current period credit losses.  For debt securities that are considered other-than-temporarily impaired with no intent to sell and no requirement to sell prior to recovery of the amortized cost basis, the amount of the impairment is separated into the amount that is credit related (credit loss component) and the amount due to all other factors.  The credit loss component is recognized in earnings and is the difference between the security’s amortized cost basis and the present value of its expected future cash flows.  The remaining difference between the security’s fair value and the present value of future expected cash flows is due to factors that are not credit related and is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss).
 The present value of expected future cash flows is determined using the best estimate cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate implicit to the security at the date of purchase or the current yield to accrete an asset-backed or floating rate security.  The methodology and assumptions for establishing the best estimate cash flows vary depending on the type of security.  The asset-backed securities cash flow estimates are based on bond specific facts and circumstances that may include collateral characteristics, expectations of delinquency and default rates, loss severity and prepayment speeds and structural support, including subordination and guarantees.  The corporate bond cash flow estimates are derived from scenario-based outcomes of expected corporate restructurings or the disposition of assets using bond specific facts and circumstances including timing, security interests and loss severity.
For additional information on securities, see Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
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Loans Held To Maturity and Loans Held For Sale
Loans held to maturity are stated at the unpaid principal balance, net of unearned discounts and net of deferred loan origination fees and costs.  Loan origination fees, net of direct loan origination costs, are deferred and are recognized over the estimated life of the related loans as an adjustment to the loan yield utilizing the level yield method.
Interest is credited to operations primarily based upon the principal amount outstanding.  When management believes there is sufficient doubt as to the ultimate ability to collect interest on a loan, interest accruals are discontinued and all past due interest, previously recognized as income, is reversed and charged against current period earnings.  Payments received on nonaccrual loans are applied as principal.  Loans are returned to an accrual status when the ability to collect is reasonably assured and when the loan is brought current as to principal and interest.
Loans are reported as past due when either interest or principal is unpaid in the following circumstances: fixed payment loans when the borrower is in arrears for two or more monthly payments; open-end credit for two or more billing cycles; and single payment notes if interest or principal remains unpaid for 30 days or more.
Loans are charged off when collection is sufficiently questionable and when the Company can no longer justify maintaining the loan as an asset on the balance sheet. Loans qualify for charge-off when, after thorough analysis, all possible sources of repayment are insufficient.  These include: 1) potential future cash flows, 2) value of collateral, and/or 3) strength of co-makers and guarantors.  All unsecured loans are charged off upon the establishment of the loan’s nonaccrual status.  Additionally, all loans classified as a loss or that portion of the loan classified as a loss is charged off.  All loan charge-offs are approved by the Board of Directors.
Nonperforming loans consist of loans that are not accruing interest (nonaccrual loans) as a result of principal or interest being in default for a period of 90 days or more or when the ability to collect principal and interest according to the contractual terms is in doubt.  When a loan is classified as nonaccrual, interest accruals discontinue and all past due interest previously recognized as income is reversed and charged against current period income.  Generally, until the loan becomes current, any payments received from the borrower are applied to outstanding principal until such time as management determines that the financial condition of the borrower and other factors merit recognition of a portion of such payments as interest income.
The Company evaluates its loans for impairment.  A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  The Company has defined impaired loans to be all troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) and nonperforming loans.  Impairment is evaluated in total for smaller-balance loans of a similar nature (consumer and residential mortgage loans), and on an individual basis for other loans.  TDRs occur when a creditor, for economic or legal reasons related to a debtor’s financial condition, grants a concession to the debtor that it would not otherwise consider.  These concessions typically include reductions in interest rate, extending the maturity of a loan, or a combination of both.  Interest income on accruing TDRs is credited to operations primarily based upon the principal amount outstanding, as stated in the paragraphs above.  Management evaluates for any possible impairment using either the discounted cash flows method, where the value of the loan is based on the present value of expected cash flows, discounted at the contractual interest rate of the original loan agreement, or by using the fair value of the collateral less selling costs.  If the measure of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, the Company establishes a valuation allowance, or adjusts existing valuation allowances, with a corresponding charge or credit to the provision for loan losses.
Loans held for sale are SBA loans and are reflected at the lower of aggregate cost or market value.  The net amount of loan origination fees on loans sold is included in the carrying value and in the gain or loss on the sale.
The Company originates loans to customers under an SBA program that historically has provided for SBA guarantees of up to 90 percent of each loan.  The Company generally sells the guaranteed portion of its SBA loans to a third party and retains the servicing, holding the nonguaranteed portion in its portfolio.  When sales of SBA loans occur, the premium received on the sale and the present value of future cash flows of the servicing assets are recognized in income.
Serviced loans sold to others are not included in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.  Income and fees collected for loan servicing are credited to noninterest income when earned, net of amortization on the related servicing assets.
For additional information on loans, see Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Servicing Assets
Servicing assets represent the estimated fair value of retained servicing rights at the time loans are sold.  Servicing assets are expensed in proportion to, and over the period of, estimated net servicing revenues.  Impairment is evaluated based on stratifying the underlying financial assets by date of origination and term.  Fair value is determined using prices for similar assets with similar characteristics, when available, or based upon discounted cash flows using market-based assumptions.  Any impairment, if temporary, would be reported as a valuation allowance.
For additional information on servicing assets, see Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Allowance for Loan Losses and Unfunded Loan Commitments
The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level management considers adequate to provide for probable loan losses as of the balance sheet date.  The allowance is increased by provisions charged to expense and is reduced by net charge-offs.
The level of the allowance is based on management’s evaluation of probable losses in the loan portfolio, after consideration of prevailing economic conditions in the Company’s market area, the volume and composition of the loan portfolio, and historical loan loss experience.  The allowance for loan losses consists of specific reserves for individually impaired credits and troubled debt restructurings, reserves for nonimpaired loans based on historical loss factors and reserves based on general economic factors and other qualitative risk factors such as changes in delinquency trends, industry concentrations or local/national economic trends.   This risk assessment process is performed at least quarterly, and, as adjustments become necessary, they are realized in the periods in which they become known.
Although management attempts to maintain the allowance at a level deemed adequate to provide for probable losses, future additions to the allowance may be necessary based upon certain factors including changes in market conditions and underlying collateral values.  In addition, various regulatory agencies periodically review the adequacy of the Company’s allowance for loan losses.  These agencies may require the Company to make additional provisions based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination.
The Company maintains an allowance for unfunded loan commitments that is maintained at a level that management believes is adequate to absorb estimated probable losses.  Adjustments are made through other expenses and applied to the allowance which is maintained in other liabilities.
For additional information on the allowance for loan losses, see Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 
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Premises and Equipment
Land is carried at cost.  Buildings and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation.  Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, not to exceed 30 years.  For additional information on premises and equipment, see Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Bank Owned Life Insurance
The Company purchased life insurance policies on certain members of management.  Bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”) is recorded at its cash surrender value or the amount that can be realized.  In December 2004, the Company purchased $5.0 million of BOLI.  An additional $2.5 million was purchased in January 2010 to help offset the rising costs of employee benefits.

Federal Home Loan Bank Stock
Federal law requires a member institution of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) system to hold stock of its district FHLB according to a predetermined formula.  The stock is carried at cost.  Management reviews the stock for impairment based on the ultimate recoverability of the cost basis in the stock.  The stock’s value is determined by the ultimate recoverability of the par value rather than by recognizing temporary declines.  Management considers such criteria as the significance of the decline in net assets, if any, of the FHLB, the length of time this situation has persisted, commitments by the FHLB to make payments required by law or regulation, the impact of legislative and regulatory changes on the customer base of the FHLB and the liquidity position of the FHLB.

Other Real Estate Owned
Other real estate owned is recorded at the fair value, less estimated costs to sell, at the date of acquisition, with a charge to the allowance for loan losses for any excess of the loan carrying value over such amount.  Subsequently, other real estate owned is carried at the lower of cost or fair value, as determined by current appraisals, less estimated selling costs.  Certain costs incurred in preparing properties for sale are capitalized to the extent that the appraisal amount exceeds the carry value, and expenses of holding foreclosed properties are charged to operations as incurred.
The Company requires current real estate appraisals on all loans that become OREO or in-substance foreclosure.  Prior to each balance sheet date, the Company values OREO based upon a third party appraisal, original appraisal, broker’s price opinion, drive by appraisal, automated valuation model, updated market evaluation, or a combination of these methods.  The amount is discounted for the decline in market real estate values (for original appraisals), for any known damage or repair costs, and for selling and closing costs.  The amount of the discount is dependent upon the method used to determine the original value.  When applying the discount, the Company takes into consideration when the appraisal was performed, the collateral’s location, the type of collateral, any known damage to the property and the type of business.  Subsequent to receiving the third party results, the Company discounts the value 6 to 10 percent for selling and closing costs.
 
Treasury Stock
Treasury stock is accounted for under the cost method and accordingly is presented as a reduction in shareholders’ equity.  The Company retired approximately 425 shares of Treasury stock in 2011.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
The Company uses derivative instruments, such as interest rate swaps, to manage interest rate risk.  The Company recognizes all derivative instruments at fair value as either assets or liabilities in other assets or other liabilities.  The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship.  For derivatives not designated as an accounting hedge, the gain or loss is recognized in trading noninterest income.  As of December 31, 2011, all of the Company’s derivative instruments qualified as hedging instruments.
For those derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments, the Company must designate the hedging instrument, based on the exposure being hedged, as a fair value hedge, a cash flow hedge or a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation.  The Company does not have any fair value hedges or hedges of foreign operations.
The Company formally documents the relationship between the hedging instruments and hedged item, as well as the risk management objective and strategy before undertaking a hedge.  To qualify for hedge accounting, the derivatives and hedged items must be designated as a hedge.  For hedging relationships in which effectiveness is measured, the Company formally assesses, both at inception and on an ongoing basis, if the derivatives are highly effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of the hedged item.  If it is determined that the derivative instrument is not highly effective as a hedge, hedge accounting is discontinued.For derivatives that are designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on derivatives is reported as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) and subsequently reclassified in interest income in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings.  As a result, the change in fair value of any ineffective portion of the hedging derivative is recognized immediately in earnings.
The Company will discontinue hedge accounting when it is determined that the derivative is no longer qualifying as an effective hedge; the derivative expires or is sold, terminated or exercised; or the derivative is de-designated as a fair value or cash flow hedge or it is no longer probable that the forecasted transaction will occur by the end of the originally specified time period.  If the Company determines that the derivative no longer qualifies as a cash flow or fair value hedge and therefore hedge accounting is discontinued, the derivative will continue to be recorded on the balance sheet at its fair value with changes in fair value included in current earnings.
For additional information on derivative instruments, see Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
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Income Taxes
The Company follows Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 740, “Income Taxes,” which prescribes a threshold for the financial statement recognition of income taxes and provides criteria for the measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return.  ASC 740 also includes guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition of income taxes.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates applicable to taxable income for the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.  Valuation reserves are established against certain deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized.  Increases or decreases in the valuation reserve are charged or credited to the income tax provision.
When tax returns are filed, it is highly certain that some positions taken would be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, while others are subject to uncertainty about the merits of the position taken or the amount of the position that ultimately would be sustained.  The benefit of a tax position is recognized in the financial statements in the period during which, based on all available evidence, management believes it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of appeals or litigation processes, if any.  The evaluation of a tax position taken is considered by itself and not offset or aggregated with other positions.  Tax positions that meet the more likely than not recognition threshold are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement with the applicable taxing authority.  The portion of benefits associated with tax positions taken that exceeds the amount measured as described above is reflected as a liability for unrecognized tax benefits in the accompanying balance sheet along with any associated interest and penalties that would be payable to the taxing authorities upon examination.
Interest and penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits are recognized in income tax expense on the income statement.
For additional information on income taxes, see Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Net Income Per Share
Basic net income (loss) per common share is calculated as net income available (loss attributable) to common shareholders divided by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the reporting period.  Net income available (loss attributable) to common shareholders is calculated as net income (loss) less accrued dividends and discount accretion related to preferred stock.
Diluted net income (loss) per common share is computed similarly to that of basic net income (loss) per common share, except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if all potentially dilutive common shares, principally stock options, were issued during the reporting period utilizing the Treasury stock method.  However, when a net loss rather than net income is recognized, diluted earnings per share equals basic earnings per share.
For additional information on income per share, see Note 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation awards in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation”, which requires recognition of compensation expense related to stock-based compensation awards over the period during which an employee is required to provide service for the award.  Compensation expense is equal to the fair value of the award, net of estimated forfeitures, and is recognized over the vesting period of such awards.
For additional information on the Company’s stock-based compensation, see Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Fair Value
The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures,” which provides a framework for measuring fair value under generally accepted accounting principles.
For additional information on the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments, see Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Other comprehensive income (loss) consists of the change in unrealized gains (losses) on securities available for sale and derivatives designated as cash flow hedges that were reported as a component of shareholders’ equity, net of tax.  For additional information on other comprehensive income, see Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Transfers of Financial Assets
Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales, when control over the assets has been surrendered.  Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (1) the assets have been isolated from the Company, (2) the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and (3) the Company does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity.

Advertising
The Company expenses the costs of advertising in the period incurred.

Dividend Restrictions
Banking regulations require maintaining certain capital levels that may limit the dividends paid by our bank to our holding company or by our holding company to our shareholders.  In addition, the Company’s participation in the U.S. Department of Treasury’s Capital Purchase Program places restrictions on increased dividend declarations.

Operating Segments
While management monitors the revenue streams of its various products and services, operating results and financial performance are evaluated on a company-wide basis.  The Company’s management uses consolidated results to make operating and strategic decisions.  Accordingly, there is only one reportable segment.
 
 
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Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-08, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Goodwill for Impairment.”  This ASU will allow companies to use a qualitative approach to test goodwill for impairment.  An entity is permitted to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test described in Topic 350.  The more likely than not threshold is defined as having a likelihood of more than 50 percent.  The amendments are effective for interim and annual goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011.  Early adoption is permitted.  The amendment is not expected to impact the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income.”  This ASU will require companies to present the components of net income and other comprehensive income either as one continuous statement or as two consecutive statements.  It eliminates the option to present components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in shareholders’ equity.  The standard does not change the items which must be reported in other comprehensive income, how such items are measured or when they must be reclassified to net income.  This standard was to be effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011, but was deferred by the FASB in October 2011.  This standard impacts presentation only and will have no effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows, because the Company currently presents the components of net income and other comprehensive income in two consecutive statements.
In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRS”, which is intended to result in convergence between U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) requirements for measurement of and disclosures about fair value.  The amendments are not expected to have a significant impact on companies applying U.S. GAAP.  Key provisions of the amendment include: a prohibition on grouping financial instruments for purposes of determining fair value, except when an entity manages market and credit risks on the basis of the entity’s net exposure to the group; an extension of the prohibition against the use of a blockage factor to all fair value measurements (that prohibition currently applies only to financial instruments with quoted prices in active markets); and a requirement that for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements, entities disclose quantitative information about unobservable inputs, a description of the valuation process used and qualitative details about the sensitivity of the measurements.  In addition, for items not carried at fair value but for which fair value is disclosed, entities will be required to disclose the level within the fair value hierarchy that applies to the fair value measurement disclosed.  This ASU is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011.  The adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s fair value measurements, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
In April 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-03, “Transfers and Servicing (Topic 860): Reconsideration of Effective Control for Repurchase Agreements”, which amends the sale accounting requirement concerning a transferor’s ability to repurchase transferred financial assets even in the event of default by the transferee, which typically is facilitated in a repurchase agreement by the presence of a collateral maintenance provision.  Specifically, the level of cash collateral received by a transferor will no longer be relevant in determining whether a repurchase agreement constitutes a sale.  As a result of this amendment, more repurchase agreements will be treated as secured financings rather than sales.  This ASU is effective prospectively for new transfers and existing transactions that are modified in the first interim or annual period beginning on or after December 15, 2011.  Because essentially all repurchase agreements entered into by the Company have historically been deemed to constitute secured financing transactions, this amendment is expected to have no impact on the Company’s characterization of such transactions and therefore is not expected to have any impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
In April 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-02, “Receivables (Topic 310): A Creditor’s Determination of Whether a Restructuring Is a Troubled Debt Restructuring”, which clarifies the FASB’s views on the conditions under which a loan modification should be deemed to be a troubled debt restructuring and could result in the determination that more loan modifications meet that definition.  Loans which constitute troubled debt restructurings are considered impaired when calculating the allowance for loan losses and are subject to additional disclosures pursuant to ASU No. 2010-20, “Receivables (Topic 310): Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses”, which became effective concurrent with ASU No. 2011-02.  The Company reviewed the loan modifications it made in light of this guidance, and determined that this amendment did not result in any change to the characterization of the Company’s current loan modification programs.  The Company adopted this amendment effective September 30, 2011 and the required disclosures are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, as applicable to all loan modifications occurring on or after January 1, 2011.  The amendment did not impact the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

2.Goodwill

The Company accounts for goodwill and other intangible assets in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other”, which includes requirements to test goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets on an annual basis for impairment, rather than amortize them.  Management conducted an annual test and determined that the Company’s recorded goodwill totaling $1.5 million, which resulted from the 2005 acquisition of its Phillipsburg, New Jersey branch, is not impaired as of December 31, 2011.

3.Restrictions on Cash

Federal law requires depository institutions to maintain a prescribed amount of cash or noninterest-bearing balances with the Federal Reserve Bank.  As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company was required to maintain reserve balances of $80 thousand.  In addition, the Company’s contract with its current electronic funds transfer (“EFT”) provider requires a predetermined balance be maintained in a settlement account controlled by the provider equal to the Company’s average daily net settlement position multiplied by four days.  The required balance was $179 thousand as of December 31, 2011 and 2010.  This balance can be adjusted periodically to reflect actual transaction volume and seasonal factors.
 
 
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4.Securities

This table provides the major components of securities available for sale (“AFS”) and held to maturity (“HTM”) at amortized cost and estimated fair value at December 31, 2011 and 2010:

   
December 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
(In thousands)
 
Amortized Cost
   
Gross Unrealized Gains
   
Gross Unrealized Losses
   
Estimated Fair Value
   
Amortized Cost
   
Gross Unrealized Gains
   
Gross Unrealized Losses
   
Estimated Fair Value
 
Available for sale:
                                               
US Government sponsored entities
  $ 5,274     $ 102     $ -     $ 5,376     $ 6,415     $ 47     $ -     $ 6,462  
State and political subdivisions
    17,031       856       (9 )     17,878       11,246       23       (306 )     10,963  
Residential mortgage-backed securities
    56,546       1,655       (277 )     57,924       84,359       2,022       (640 )     85,741  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
    208       2       -       210       1,827       3       (4 )     1,826  
Trust preferred securities
    979       -       (220 )     759       977       -       (412 )     565  
Other securities
    6,820       5       (207 )     6,618       1,610       -       (36 )     1,574  
Total securities available for sale
  $ 86,858     $ 2,620     $ (713 )   $ 88,765     $ 106,434     $ 2,095     $ (1,398 )   $ 107,131  
Held to maturity:
                                                               
State and political subdivisions
  $ 2,992     $ 192     $ -     $ 3,184     $ 2,297     $ -     $ (66 )   $ 2,231  
Residential mortgage-backed securities
    13,083       329       (31 )     13,381       14,722       444       (318 )     14,848  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
    2,696       618       -       3,314       4,042       217       -       4,259  
Trust preferred securities
    -       -       -       -       50       -       (37 )     13  
Total securities held to maturity
  $ 18,771     $ 1,139     $ (31 )   $ 19,879     $ 21,111     $ 661     $ (421 )   $ 21,351  
 
This table provides the remaining contractual maturities and yields of securities within the investment portfolios.  The carrying value of securities at December 31, 2011 is primarily distributed by contractual maturity.  Mortgage-backed securities and other securities, which may have principal prepayment provisions, are distributed based on contractual maturity.  Expected maturities will differ materially from contractual maturities as a result of early prepayments and calls.  The total weighted average yield excludes equity securities.

   
Within one year
   
After one year
through five years
   
After five years
through ten years
   
After ten years
   
Total carrying value
 
(In thousands)
 
Amount
   
Yield
   
Amount
   
Yield
   
Amount
   
Yield
   
Amount
   
Yield
   
Amount
   
Yield
 
Available for sale at fair value:
                                                           
US Government sponsored entities
  $ -       - %   $ 1,847       1.50 %   $ 2,577       2.46 %   $ 952       3.65 %   $ 5,376       2.34 %
State and political subdivisions
    -       -       146       6.50       7,757       3.04       9,975       3.33       17,878       3.23  
Residential mortgage-backed securities
    -       -       366       3.64       1,625       4.48       55,933       2.98       57,924       3.03  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
    -       -       -       -       -       -       210       7.03       210       7.03  
Trust preferred securities
    -       -       -       -       -       -       759       1.31       759       1.31  
Other securities
    -       -       1,339       2.48       3,699       3.74       1,580       3.58       6,618       3.44  
Total securities available for sale
  $ -       - %   $ 3,698       2.26 %   $ 15,658       3.26 %   $ 69,409       3.05 %   $ 88,765       3.05 %
Held to maturity at cost:
                                                                               
State and political subdivisions
  $ -       - %   $ -       - %   $ -       - %   $ 2,992       4.58 %   $ 2,992       4.58 %
Residential mortgage-backed securities
    -       -       295       4.31       2,062       4.84       10,726       3.92       13,083       4.07  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
    -       -       -       -       -       -       2,696       5.40       2,696       5.40  
Total securities held to maturity
  $ -       - %   $ 295       4.31 %   $ 2,062       4.84 %   $ 16,414       4.28 %   $ 18,771       4.34 %
 
 
Page 40

 
 
The fair value of securities with unrealized losses by length of time that the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at December 31, 2011 and 2010 are as follows:

   
December 31, 2011
 
         
Less than 12 months
   
12 months and greater
   
Total
 
 
(In thousands, except number in a loss position)
 
Total
Number in a Loss Position
   
Estimated Fair Value
   
Unrealized Loss
   
Estimated Fair Value
   
Unrealized Loss
   
Estimated Fair Value
   
Unrealized Loss
 
Available for sale:
                                         
State and political subdivisions
    2     $ 424       (9 )   $ -     $ -     $ 424     $ (9 )
Residential mortgage-backed securities
    6       4,512       (80 )     871       (197 )     5,383       (277 )
Trust preferred security
    1       -       -       759       (220 )     759       (220 )
Other securities
    7       5,038       (173 )     575       (34 )     5,613       (207 )
Total temporarily impaired investments
    16     $ 9,974     $ (262 )   $ 2,205     $ (451 )   $ 12,179     $ (713 )
Held to maturity:
                                                       
Residential mortgage-backed securities
    3     $ 2,545     $ (4 )   $ 542     $ (27 )   $ 3,087     $ (31 )
Total temporarily impaired investments
    3     $ 2,545     $ (4 )   $ 542     $ (27 )   $ 3,087     $ (31 )

 
   
December 31, 2010
 
         
Less than 12 months
   
12 months and greater
   
Total
 
 
(In thousands, except number in a loss position)
 
Total
Number in a Loss Position
   
Estimated Fair Value
   
Unrealized Loss
   
Estimated Fair Value
   
Unrealized Loss
   
Estimated Fair Value
   
Unrealized Loss
 
Available for sale:
                                         
State and political subdivisions
    31     $ 9,051     $ (306 )   $ -     $ -     $ 9,051     $ (306 )
Residential mortgage-backed securities
    17       14,651       (422 )     3,547       (218 )     18,198       (640 )
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
    1       -       -       1,516       (4 )     1,516       (4 )
Trust preferred securities
    1       -       -       565       (412 )     565       (412 )
Other securities
    4       -       -       1,074       (36 )     1,074       (36 )
Total temporarily impaired investments
    54     $ 23,702     $ (728 )   $ 6,702     $ (670 )   $ 30,404     $ (1,398 )
Held to maturity:
                                                       
State and political subdivisions
    4     $ 2,231     $ (66 )   $ -     $ -     $ 2,231     $ (66 )
Residential mortgage-backed securities
    5       2,243       (75 )     2,651       (243 )     4,894       (318 )
Trust preferred securities
    2       -       -       13       (37 )     13       (37 )
Total temporarily impaired investments
    11     $ 4,474     $ (141 )   $ 2,664     $ (280 )   $ 7,138     $ (421 )
 
 
Unrealized Losses
The unrealized losses in each of the categories presented in the tables above are discussed in the paragraphs that follow:
U.S. Government sponsored entities and state and political subdivision securities: The unrealized losses on investments in this type of security were caused by the increase in interest rate spreads.  The contractual terms of these investments do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the par value of the investment.  Because the Company does not intend to sell the investments and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost bases, which may be at maturity, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of December 31, 2011 and 2010.
Residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities: The unrealized losses on investments in mortgage-backed securities were caused by interest rate increases.  The majority of contractual cash flows of these securities are guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Ginnie Mae and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation.  It is expected that the securities would not be settled at a price significantly less than the par value of the investment.  Because the decline in fair value is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Company does not intend to sell the investments and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost bases, which may be at maturity, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of December 31, 2011 and 2010.
Trust preferred securities:  The unrealized losses on trust preferred securities were caused by an inactive trading market and changes in market credit spreads.  At December 31, 2011 and 2010, this category consisted of one single-issuer trust preferred security.  The Company that issued the trust preferred security is considered a well-capitalized institution per regulatory standards and significantly strengthened its capital position.  In addition, the Company has ample liquidity, bolstered its allowance for loan losses, was profitable in 2011 and is projected to be profitable in 2012.  The contractual terms do not allow the security to be settled at a price less than the par value.  Because the Company does not intend to sell the security and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity, the Company does not consider this security to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of December 31, 2011 and 2010.
Other securities: Included in this category are corporate debt securities, stock of other financial institutions, and Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”) investments.  The unrealized losses on corporate debt securities are due to widening credit spreads, and the unrealized losses on the stock of other financial institutions and CRA investments are caused by decreases in the market prices of the shares.  The Company has evaluated the prospects of the issuers and has forecasted a recovery period; therefore these investments are not considered other-than-temporarily impaired as of December 31, 2011 and 2010.
 
 
Page 41

 

Realized Gains and Losses and Other-Than-Temporary Impairment
Gross realized gains (losses) on securities for 2011 and 2010 and are detailed in the table below.  There were no other-than-temporary impairment charges for 2011 and 2010.
 
(In thousands)
 
2011
   
2010
 
Available for sale:
           
Realized gains
  $ 484     $ 337  
Realized losses
    (63 )     (166 )
Total securities available for sale
  $ 421     $ 171  
                 
Held to maturity:
               
Realized gains
  $ -     $ 4  
Realized losses
    (118 )     (90 )
Total securities held to maturity
    (118 )     (86 )
Net gains on sales of securities
  $ 303     $ 85  
 
The net realized gains are included in noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income as net security gains.  For 2011 and 2010, gross realized gains on sales of securities amounted to $484 thousand and $341 thousand, respectively, and gross realized losses were $181 thousand and $256 thousand, respectively.  The gross gains during 2011 are attributed to the Company selling approximately $21.2 million in book value of available for sale mortgage-backed securities.  These gains were partially offset by losses on the sale of six available for sale mortgage-backed securities with a total book value of approximately $1.4 million and four held to maturity mortgage-backed securities with a total book value of approximately $2.2 million.  Although designated as held to maturity, these securities were sold due to deterioration in the issuers’ creditworthiness, as evidenced by downgrades in their credit ratings.
The gross gains during 2010 are primarily attributed to the Company selling approximately $11.0 million in book value of mortgage-backed securities, resulting in pretax gains of approximately $329 thousand, five called structured agency securities with resulting gains of $8 thousand, and one called held to maturity municipal security with a resulting gain of $4 thousand.  These gains were partially offset by losses of $166 thousand on the sale of approximately $3.5 million in book value of three mortgage-backed securities and losses of $90 thousand on the sale of five tax-exempt municipal securities with a total book value of approximately $2.0 million.  Although designated as held to maturity, these municipal securities were sold due to deterioration in the issuers’ creditworthiness, as evidenced by downgrades in their credit ratings.

Pledged Securities
Securities with a carrying value of $81.1 million and $63.4 million at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, were pledged to secure Government deposits, secure other borrowings and for other purposes required or permitted by law. Included in these figures was $27.7 million and $2.9 million pledged against Government deposits at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

5.Loans

The following table sets forth the classification of loans by class, including unearned fees and deferred costs and excluding the allowance for loan losses as of December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

(In thousands)
 
2011
   
2010
 
SBA loans
  $ 71,843     $ 86,138  
SBA 504 loans
    55,108       64,276  
Commercial loans
               
Commercial other
    26,542       24,268  
Commercial real estate
    246,824       246,891  
Commercial real estate construction
    9,738       10,046  
Residential mortgage loans
               
Residential mortgages
    123,843       117,169  
Residential construction
    2,205       2,711  
Purchased mortgages
    8,042       8,520  
Consumer loans
               
Home equity
    46,935       54,273  
Consumer other
    1,512       1,644  
Total
  $ 592,592     $ 615,936  
 
 
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Loans are made to individuals as well as commercial entities.  Specific loan terms vary as to interest rate, repayment, and collateral requirements based on the type of loan requested and the credit worthiness of the prospective borrower.  Credit risk, excluding SBA loans, tends to be geographically concentrated in that a majority of the loan customers are located in the markets serviced by the Bank.  As a preferred SBA lender, a portion of the SBA portfolio is to borrowers outside the Company’s lending area.  However, during late 2008, the Company withdrew from SBA lending outside of its primary trade area, but continues to offer SBA loan products as an additional credit product within its primary trade area.  A description of the Company’s different loan segments follows:
SBA Loans: Historically, SBA loans have provided guarantees of up to 90 percent of the principal balance and are considered a higher risk loan product for the Company than its other loan products.  The Company’s SBA loans are generally sold in the secondary market with the nonguaranteed portion held in the portfolio as a loan held for investment.  SBA loans are for the purpose of providing working capital, financing the purchase of equipment, inventory or commercial real estate and for other business purposes.  Loans are guaranteed by the businesses’ major owners.  SBA loans are made based primarily on the historical and projected cash flow of the business and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided.
SBA 504 Loans:  The SBA 504 program consists of real estate backed commercial mortgages where the Company has the first mortgage and the SBA has the second mortgage on the property.  SBA 504 loans are made based primarily on the historical and projected cash flow of the business and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided.  Generally, the Company has a 50 percent loan to value ratio on SBA 504  loans.  Loan performance may be adversely affected by factors impacting the general economy or conditions specific to the real estate market such as geographic location and/or property type.
Commercial Loans:  Commercial credit is extended primarily to middle market and small business customers.  Commercial loans are generally made in the Company’s marketplace for the purpose of providing working capital, financing the purchase of equipment, inventory or commercial real estate and for other business purposes.  Loans will generally be guaranteed in full or for a meaningful amount by the businesses’ major owners.  Commercial loans are made based primarily on the historical and projected cash flow of the business and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided.  Loan performance may be adversely affected by factors impacting the general economy or conditions specific to the real estate market such as geographic location and/or property type.
Residential Mortgage and Consumer Loans:  The Company originates mortgage and consumer loans including principally residential real estate and home equity lines and loans.  Each loan type is evaluated on debt to income, type of collateral and loan to collateral value, credit history and the Company’s relationship with the borrower.
Inherent in the lending function is credit risk, which is the possibility a borrower may not perform in accordance with the contractual terms of their loan.  A borrower’s inability to pay their obligations according to the contractual terms can create the risk of past due loans and, ultimately, credit losses, especially on collateral-deficient loans.  The Company minimizes its credit risk by loan diversification and adhering to credit administration policies and procedures.  Due diligence on loans begins when initiating contact regarding a loan with a borrower.  Documentation, including a borrower’s credit history, materials establishing the value and liquidity of potential collateral, the purpose of the loan, the source of funds for repayment of the loan, and other factors, are analyzed before a loan is submitted for approval.  The loan portfolio is then subject to ongoing internal reviews for credit quality, as well as independent credit reviews by an outside firm.
The Company’s extension of credit is governed by the Credit Risk Policy which was established to control the quality of the Company’s loans.  These policies and procedures are reviewed and approved by the Board of Directors on a regular basis.
 
Credit Ratings
For SBA 7(a), SBA 504 and commercial loans, management uses internally assigned risk ratings as the best indicator of credit quality.  A loan’s internal risk rating is updated at least annually and more frequently if circumstances warrant a change in risk rating.  The Company uses a 1 through 10 loan grading system that follows regulatory accepted definitions.
Pass:  Risk ratings of 1 through 6 are used for loans that are performing, as they meet, and are expected to continue to meet, all of the terms and conditions set forth in the original loan documentation, and are generally current on principal and interest payments.  These performing loans are termed “Pass”.
Special Mention:  Criticized loans are assigned a risk rating of 7 and termed “Special Mention”, as the borrowers exhibit potential credit weaknesses or downward trends deserving management’s close attention.  If not checked or corrected, these trends will weaken the Bank’s collateral and position.  While potentially weak, these borrowers are currently marginally acceptable and no loss of interest or principal is anticipated.  As a result, special mention assets do not expose an institution to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification.  Included in “Special Mention” could be turnaround situations, borrowers with deteriorating trends beyond one year, borrowers in start up or deteriorating industries, or borrowers with a poor market share in an average industry.  “Special Mention” loans may include an element of asset quality, financial flexibility, or below average management.  Management and ownership may have limited depth or experience.  Regulatory agencies have agreed on a consistent definition of “Special Mention” as an asset with potential weaknesses which, if left uncorrected, may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the Bank’s credit position at some future date.  This definition is intended to ensure that the “Special Mention” category is not used to identify assets that have as their sole weakness credit data exceptions or collateral documentation exceptions that are not material to the repayment of the asset.
Substandard:  Classified loans are assigned a risk rating of an 8 or 9, depending upon the prospect for collection, and deemed “Substandard”.  A risk rating of 8 is used for borrowers with well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the orderly liquidation of debt.  The loan is inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the collateral pledged, if any.  Normal repayment from the borrower is in jeopardy, although no loss of principal is envisioned.  There is a distinct possibility that a partial loss of interest and/or principal will occur if the deficiencies are not corrected.  Loss potential, while existing in the aggregate amount of substandard assets, does not have to exist in individual assets classified “Substandard”.  A risk rating of 9 is used for borrowers that have all the weaknesses inherent in a loan with a risk rating of 8, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection of debt in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.  Serious problems exist to the point where partial loss of principal is likely.  The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important, reasonably specific pending factors that may work to strengthen the assets, the loans’ classification as estimated losses is deferred until a more exact status may be determined.  Pending factors include proposed merger, acquisition, or liquidation procedures; capital injection; perfecting liens on additional collateral; and refinancing plans.  Partial charge-offs are likely.
Loss:  Once a borrower is deemed incapable of repayment of unsecured debt, the risk rating becomes a 10, the loan is termed a “Loss”, and charged-off immediately.  Loans to such borrowers are considered uncollectible and of such little value that continuance as active assets of the Bank is not warranted.  This classification does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off these basically worthless assets even though partial recovery may be affected in the future.
For residential mortgage and consumer loans, management uses performing versus nonperforming as the best indicator of credit quality.  Nonperforming loans consist of loans that are not accruing interest (nonaccrual loans) as a result of principal or interest being in default for a period of 90 days or more or when the ability to collect principal and interest according to the contractual terms is in doubt.  These credit quality indicators are updated on an ongoing basis, as a loan is placed on nonaccrual status as soon as management believes there is sufficient doubt as to the ultimate ability to collect interest on a loan.
 
 
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The tables below detail the Company’s loan portfolio by class according to their credit quality indicators discussed in the paragraphs above as of December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

   
December 31, 2011
 
   
SBA, SBA 504 and Commercial Loans - Internal Risk Ratings
 
(In thousands)
 
Pass
   
Special Mention
   
Substandard
   
Total
 
SBA loans
  $ 49,568     $ 8,900     $ 13,375     $ 71,843  
SBA 504 loans
    39,566       5,543       9,999       55,108  
Commercial loans
                               
Commercial other
    20,921       1,160       4,461       26,542  
Commercial real estate
    187,680       49,231       9,913       246,824  
Commercial real estate construction
    8,255       883       600       9,738  
Total commercial loans
    216,856       51,274       14,974       283,104  
Total SBA, SBA 504 and commercial loans
  $ 305,990     $ 65,717     $ 38,348     $ 410,055  


   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Residential Mortgage & Consumer Loans - Performing/Nonperforming
 
(In thousands)
 
Performing
   
Nonperforming
   
Total
 
Residential mortgage loans
                 
Residential mortgages
  $ 122,012     $ 1,831     $ 123,843  
Residential construction
    36       2,169       2,205  
Purchased residential mortgages
    6,005       2,037       8,042  
Total residential mortgage loans
    128,053       6,037       134,090  
Consumer loans
                       
Home equity
    46,676       259       46,935  
Consumer other
    1,503       9       1,512  
Total consumer loans
  $ 48,179     $ 268     $ 48,447  
Total loans
                  $ 592,592  
 
 
   
December 31, 2010
 
   
SBA, SBA 504 and Commercial Loans - Internal Risk Ratings
 
(In thousands)
 
Pass
   
Special Mention
   
Substandard
   
Total
 
SBA loans
  $ 48,500     $ 25,668     $ 11,970     $ 86,138  
SBA 504 loans
    30,235       15,366       18,675       64,276  
Commercial loans
                               
Commercial other
    17,402       4,764       2,102       24,268  
Commercial real estate
    169,093       67,305       10,493       246,891  
Commercial real estate construction
    6,197       2,715       1,134       10,046  
Total commercial loans
    192,692       74,784       13,729       281,205  
Total SBA, SBA 504 and commercial loans
  $ 271,427     $ 115,818     $ 44,374     $ 431,619  


   
December 31, 2010
 
   
Residential Mortgage & Consumer Loans - Performing/Nonperforming
 
(In thousands)
 
Performing
   
Nonperforming
   
Total
 
Residential mortgage loans
                 
Residential mortgages
  $ 114,716     $ 2,453     $ 117,169  
Residential construction
    2,711       -       2,711  
Purchased residential mortgages
    5,888       2,632       8,520  
Total residential mortgage loans
    123,315       5,085       128,400  
Consumer loans
                       
Home equity
    54,024       249       54,273  
Consumer other
    1,644       -       1,644  
Total consumer loans
  $ 55,668     $ 249     $ 55,917  
Total loans
                  $ 615,936  
 
 
Page 44

 
 
Nonperforming and Past Due Loans
Nonperforming loans consist of loans that are not accruing interest (nonaccrual loans) as a result of principal or interest being in default for a period of 90 days or more or when the ability to collect principal and interest according to the contractual terms is in doubt.  When a loan is classified as nonaccrual, interest accruals discontinue and all past due interest previously recognized as income is reversed and charged against current period income.  Generally, until the loan becomes current, any payments received from the borrower are applied to outstanding principal, until such time as management determines that the financial condition of the borrower and other factors merit recognition of a portion of such payments as interest income.  Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest are not included in nonperforming loans and generally represent loans that are well-collateralized and in a continuing process expected to result in repayment or restoration to current status.
The risk of loss is difficult to quantify and is subject to fluctuations in collateral values, general economic conditions and other factors.  The current state of the economy and the downturn in the real estate market has resulted in increased loan delinquencies and defaults.  In some cases, these factors have also resulted in significant impairment to the value of loan collateral.  The Company values its collateral through the use of appraisals, broker price opinions, and knowledge of its local market.  In response to the credit risk in its portfolio, the Company has increased staffing in its credit monitoring department and increased efforts in the collection and analysis of borrowers’ financial statements and tax returns.
 
The following tables set forth an aging analysis of past due and nonaccrual loans by loan class as of December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

   
December 31, 2011
 
(In thousands)
 
30-59 Days Past Due
   
60-89 Days Past Due
   
90+ Days and Still Accruing
   
Nonaccrual (1)
   
Total Past Due
   
Current
   
Total Loans
 
SBA loans
  $ 881     $ 225     $ 246     $ 5,859     $ 7,211     $ 64,632     $ 71,843  
SBA 504 loans
    2,006       -       -       2,086       4,092       51,016       55,108  
Commercial loans
                                                       
Commercial other
    1,158       -       192       815       2,165       24,377       26,542  
Commercial real estate
    2,493       3,119       949       7,104       13,665       233,159       246,824  
Commercial real estate construction
    -       -       -       600       600       9,138       9,738  
Residential mortgage loans
                                                       
Residential mortgages
    3,519       1,310       -       1,831       6,660       117,183       123,843  
Residential construction
    -       -       36       2,169       2,205       -       2,205  
Purchased residential mortgages
    149       -       -       2,037       2,186       5,856       8,042  
Consumer loans
                                                       
Home equity
    338       199       988       259       1,784       45,151       46,935  
Consumer other
    1       3       -       9       13       1,499       1,512  
Total loans
  $ 10,545     $ 4,856     $ 2,411     $ 22,769     $ 40,581     $ 552,011     $ 592,592  
 
(1) At December 31, 2011, nonaccrual loans included $3.6 million of troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) and $939 thousand of loans guaranteed by the SBA.  The remaining $17.4 million of TDRs are in accrual status because they are performing in accordance with their restructured terms.
 
   
December 31, 2010
 
(In thousands)
 
30-59 Days Past Due
   
60-89 Days Past Due
   
90+ Days and Still Accruing
   
Nonaccrual (1)
   
Total Past Due
   
Current
   
Total Loans
 
SBA loans
  $ 1,297     $ 1,181     $ 374     $ 8,162     $ 11,014     $ 75,124     $ 86,138  
SBA 504 loans
    -       1,339       -       2,714       4,053       60,223       64,276  
Commercial loans
                                                       
Commercial other
    693       86       -       179       958       23,310       24,268  
Commercial real estate
    3,051       176       -       4,139       7,366       239,525       246,891  
Commercial real estate construction
    -       -       -       1,134       1,134       8,912       10,046  
Residential mortgage loans
                                                       
Residential mortgages
    2,123       144       -       2,453       4,720       112,449       117,169  
Residential construction
    -       -       -       -       -       2,711       2,711  
Purchased residential mortgages
    117       -       -       2,632       2,749       5,771       8,520  
Consumer loans
                                                       
Home equity
    175       325       -       249       749       53,524       54,273  
Consumer other
    5       -       -       -       5       1,639       1,644  
Total loans
  $ 7,461     $ 3,251     $ 374     $ 21,662     $ 32,748     $ 583,188     $ 615,936  
 
(1) At December 31, 2010, nonaccrual loans included $2.7 million of loans guaranteed by the SBA.  There were no nonaccrual TDRs.
 
 
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Impaired Loans
The Company has defined impaired loans to be all nonperforming loans and troubled debt restructurings.  Management considers a loan impaired when, based on current information and events, it is determined that the company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the loan contract.  Impairment is evaluated in total for smaller-balance loans of a similar nature, (consumer and residential mortgage loans), and on an individual basis for other loans.
The following tables provide detail on the Company’s impaired loans with the associated allowance amount, if applicable, as of December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

   
December 31, 2011
 
(In thousands)
 
Outstanding Principal Balance
   
Specific Reserves
   
Net Principal Balance (balance less specific reserves)
 
With no related allowance:
                 
SBA loans (1)
  $ 1,553     $ -     $ 1,553  
SBA 504 loans
    5,331       -       5,331  
Commercial loans
                       
Commercial other
    1,725       -       1,725  
Commercial real estate
    6,197       -       6,197  
Commercial real estate construction
    -       -       -  
Total commercial loans
    7,922       -       7,922  
Total impaired loans with no related allowance
  $ 14,806     $ -     $ 14,806  
                         
With an allowance:
                       
SBA loans (1)
  $ 4,763     $ 1,694     $ 3,069  
SBA 504 loans
    1,127       1       1,126  
Commercial loans
                       
Commercial other
    75       75       -  
Commercial real estate
    11,589       2,530       9,059  
Commercial real estate construction
    600       149       451  
Total commercial loans
    12,264       2,754       9,510  
Total impaired loans with a related allowance
  $ 18,154     $ 4,449     $ 13,705  
                         
Total individually evaluated impaired loans:
                       
SBA loans (1)
  $ 6,316     $ 1,694     $ 4,622  
SBA 504 loans
    6,458       1       6,457  
Commercial loans
                       
Commercial other
    1,800       75       1,725  
Commercial real estate
    17,786       2,530       15,256  
Commercial real estate construction
    600       149       451  
Total commercial loans
    20,186       2,754       17,432  
Total individually evaluated impaired loans
  $ 32,960     $ 4,449     $ 28,511  
                         
Homogeneous collectively evaluated impaired loans:
                       
Residential mortgage loans
                       
Residential mortgages
  $ 1,831     $ -     $ 1,831  
Residential construction
    2,169       -       2,169  
Purchased residential mortgages
    2,037       -       2,037  
Total residential mortgage loans
    6,037       -       6,037  
Consumer loans
                       
Home equity
    259       -       259  
Consumer other
    9       -       9  
Total consumer loans
    268       -       268  
Total homogeneous collectively evaluated impaired loans
    6,305       -       6,305  
Total impaired loans
  $ 39,265     $ 4,449     $ 34,816  
 
(1) Balances are reduced by amount guaranteed by the SBA of $939 thousand at December 31, 2011.
 
 
Page 46

 
 
   
December 31, 2010
 
(In thousands)
 
Outstanding Principal Balance
   
Specific Reserves
   
Net Principal Balance (balance less specific reserves)
 
With no related allowance:
                 
SBA loans (1)
  $ 2,362     $ -     $ 2,362  
SBA 504 loans
    8,145       -       8,145  
Commercial loans
                       
Commercial other
    179       -       179  
Commercial real estate
    7,891       -       7,891  
Total commercial loans
    8,070       -       8,070  
Total impaired loans with no related allowance
  $ 18,577     $ -     $ 18,577  
                         
With an allowance:
                       
SBA loans (1)
  $ 4,526     $ 1,761     $ 2,765  
SBA 504 loans
    2,477       87       2,390  
Commercial loans
                       
Commercial real estate
    990       226       764  
Commercial real estate construction
    1,134       383       751  
Total commercial loans
    2,124       609       1,515  
Total impaired loans with a related allowance
  $ 9,127     $ 2,457     $ 6,670  
                         
Total individually evaluated impaired loans:
                       
SBA loans (1)
  $ 6,888     $ 1,761     $ 5,127  
SBA 504 loans
    10,622       87       10,535  
Commercial loans
                       
Commercial other
    179       -       179  
Commercial real estate
    8,881       226       8,655  
Commercial real estate construction
    1,134       383       751  
Total commercial loans
    10,194       609       9,585  
Total individually evaluated impaired loans
  $ 27,704     $ 2,457     $ 25,247  
                         
Homogeneous collectively evaluated impaired loans:
                       
Residential mortgage loans
                       
Residential mortgages
  $ 2,453     $ -     $ 2,453  
Purchased residential mortgages
    2,632       -       2,632  
Total residential mortgage loans
    5,085       -       5,085  
Consumer loans
                       
Home equity
    249       -       249  
Total homogeneous collectively evaluated impaired loans
    5,334       -       5,334  
Total impaired loans
  $ 33,038     $ 2,457     $ 30,581  
 
(1) Balances are reduced by amount guaranteed by the SBA of $2.7 million at December 31, 2010.
 
 
Page 47

 
 
The following tables present the average recorded investments in impaired loans and the related amount of interest recognized during the time period in which the loans were impaired for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010.  The average balances are calculated based on the month-end balances of impaired loans.  When the ultimate collectability of the total principal of an impaired loan is in doubt and the loan is on nonaccrual status, all payments are applied to principal under the cost recovery method, therefore no interest income is recognized.  Any interest income recognized on a cash basis during 2011 and 2010 was immaterial.  The interest recognized on impaired loans noted below represents accruing troubled debt restructurings only.

   
For the years ended
 
   
December 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
(In thousands)
 
Average Recorded Investment
   
Interest Income Recognized on Impaired Loans
   
Average Recorded Investment
   
Interest Income Recognized on Impaired Loans
 
SBA loans (1)
  $ 6,550     $ 231     $ 5,037     $ 87  
SBA 504 loans
    8,812       214       6,454       100  
Commercial loans
                               
Commercial other
    1,161       25       425       -  
Commercial real estate
    14,745       374       10,964       100  
Commercial real estate construction
    760       -       813       -  
Residential mortgage loans
                               
Residential mortgages
    2,103       -       4,632       -  
Residential construction
    181       -       -       -  
Purchased residential mortgages
    2,133       -       1,897       -  
Consumer loans
                               
Home equity
    278       -       341       -  
Consumer other
    6       -       -       -  
Total
  $ 36,729     $ 844     $ 30,563     $ 287  
 
(1) Balances are reduced by amount guaranteed by the SBA of $2.1 million and $2.0 million for 2011 and 2010, respectively.

Troubled Debt Restructurings
The Company’s loan portfolio also includes certain loans that have been modified in a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”).  TDRs occur when a creditor, for economic or legal reasons related to a debtor’s financial condition, grants a concession to the debtor that it would not otherwise consider. These concessions typically include reductions in interest rate, extending the maturity of a loan, or a combination of both.  When the Company modifies a loan, management evaluates for any possible impairment using either the discounted cash flows method, where the value of the modified loan is based on the present value of expected cash flows, discounted at the contractual interest rate of the original loan agreement, or by using the fair value of the collateral less selling costs.  If management determines that the value of the modified loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, impairment is recognized by segment or class of loan, as applicable, through an allowance estimate or charge-off to the allowance.  This process is used, regardless of loan type, as well as for loans modified as TDRs that subsequently default on their modified terms.  Effective September 30, 2011, the Company adopted the amendments in ASU No. 2011-02, “Receivables (Topic 310):  A Creditor’s Determination of Whether a Restructuring Is a Troubled Debt Restructuring”, and did not identify any additional TDRs as a result of this adoption.
TDRs of $21.1 million are included in the impaired loan numbers listed above, of which $3.6 million are in nonaccrual status.  The remaining TDRs are in accrual status since they continue to perform in accordance with their restructured terms.  There are no commitments to lend additional funds on these loans.
 
The following table details loans modified during the year ended December 31, 2011, including the number of modifications, the recorded investment at the time of the modification and the year-to-date impact to interest income as a result of the modification.

   
For the year ended December 31, 2011
 
(In thousands, except number of contracts)
 
Number of Contracts
   
Recorded Investment at Time of Modification
   
Impact of Interest Rate Change on Income
 
SBA loans
    2     $ 73     $ -  
SBA 504 loans
    1       1,339       17  
Commercial loans
                       
Commercial other
    1       985       6  
Commercial real estate
    6       7,720       52  
Total
    10     $ 10,117     $ 75  

There were no loans modified as TDRs within the previous twelve months where a concession was made and the loan subsequently defaulted at some point during the twelve months ended December 31, 2011.  In this case, subsequent default is defined as being transferred to nonaccrual status.
 
 
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During the year ended December 31, 2011, our TDRs consisted of interest rate reductions, interest or principal only periods and combinations of both.  There was no principal forgiveness.  The following table shows the types of modifications done during 2011, with the respective loan balances as of December 31, 2011:

(In thousands)
 
SBA
   
SBA 504
   
Commercial other
   
Commercial real estate
   
Total
 
Type of Modification:
                             
Interest only payments
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ 1,617     $ 1,617  
Principal only payments
    27       -       -       -       27  
Reduced interest rate
    -       -       -       590       590  
Interest only payments with reduced interest rate
    -       -       985       5,512       6,497  
Interest only with nominal principal payments
    42       -       -       -       42  
Previously modified back to original terms
    -       1,320       -       -       1,320  
Total TDRs
  $ 69     $ 1,320     $ 985     $ 7,719     $ 10,093  

Other Loan Information                                                                                                           
SBA loans sold to others and serviced by the Company are not included in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.  The total amount of such loans serviced, but owned by outside investors, amounted to approximately $128.7 million and $124.8 million at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.  At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the carrying value, which approximates fair value, of servicing assets was $418 thousand and $512 thousand, respectively and is included in Other Assets.  The fair value of servicing assets was determined using a discount rate of 15 percent, constant prepayment speeds ranging from 15 to 18, and interest strip multiples ranging from 2.08 to 3.80, depending on each individual credit.  A summary of the changes in the related servicing assets for the past two years follows:

   
Years ending December 31,
 
(In thousands)
 
2011
   
2010
 
Balance, beginning of year
  $ 512     $ 897  
SBA servicing assets capitalized
    202       74  
Amortization of expense
    (296 )     (459 )
Provision for loss in fair value
    -       -  
Balance, end of year
  $ 418     $ 512  

In addition, the Company had a $431 thousand and $574 thousand discount related to the retained portion of the unsold SBA loans at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
In the normal course of business, the Company may originate loan products whose terms could give rise to additional credit risk.  Interest-only loans, loans with high loan to value ratios, construction loans with payments made from interest reserves and multiple loans supported by the same collateral (e.g. home equity loans) are examples of such products.  However, these products are not material to the Company’s financial position and are closely managed via credit controls that mitigate their additional inherent risk.  Management does not believe that these products create a concentration of credit risk in the Company’s loan portfolio.  The Company does not have any option adjustable rate mortgage loans.
The majority of the Company’s loans are secured by real estate.  The declines in the market values of real estate in the Company’s trade area impact the value of the collateral securing its loans.  This could lead to greater losses in the event of defaults on loans secured by real estate.  Specifically, 89 percent of SBA 7(a) loans are secured by commercial or residential real estate and 11 percent by other non-real estate collateral.  Commercial real estate secures 100 percent of SBA 504 loans.  Approximately 97 percent of consumer loans are secured by owner-occupied residential real estate, with the other 3 percent secured by other non-real estate collateral.  The detailed allocation of the Company’s commercial loan portfolio collateral as of December 31, 2011 is shown in the table below:

   
Concentration
 
(In thousands)
 
Balance
   
Percent
 
Commercial real estate – owner occupied
  $ 137,963       48.7 %
Commercial real estate – investment property
    117,454       41.5  
Undeveloped land
    15,513       5.5  
Other non-real estate collateral
    12,174       4.3  
Total commercial loans
  $ 283,104       100.0 %
 
As of December 31, 2011, approximately 10 percent of the Company’s total loan portfolio consists of loans to various unrelated and unaffiliated borrowers in the hotel/motel industry.  Such loans are collateralized by the underlying real property financed and/or partially guaranteed by the SBA.
As of December 31, 2011, residential mortgages provided $60.6 million in borrowing capacity at the Federal Home Loan Bank compared to $47.4 million at December 31, 2010.
In the ordinary course of business, the Company may extend credit to officers, directors or their associates.  These loans are subject to the Company’s normal lending policy.  An analysis of such loans, all of which are current as to principal and interest payments, is as follows:

(In thousands)
 
2011
 
Loans to officers, directors or their associates at December 31, 2010
  $ 16,304  
New loans
    411  
Repayments
    (1,130 )
Loans to officers, directors or their associates at December 31, 2011
  $ 15,585  
 
 
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6.Allowance for Loan Losses & Unfunded Loan Commitments

The Company has an established methodology to determine the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses that assesses the risks and losses inherent in the loan portfolio.  At a minimum, the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses is reviewed by management on a quarterly basis.  For purposes of determining the allowance for loan losses, the Company has segmented the loans in its portfolio by loan type.  Loans are segmented into the following pools: SBA 7(a), SBA 504, commercial, residential mortgages, and consumer loans.  Certain portfolio segments are further broken down into classes based on the associated risks within those segments and the type of collateral underlying each loan.  Commercial loans are divided into the following three classes: real estate, real estate construction and other.  Residential mortgage loans are divided into the following two classes: residential mortgages and purchased residential mortgages.  Consumer loans are divided into two classes as follows:  home equity and other.
The standardized methodology used to assess the adequacy of the allowance includes the allocation of specific and general reserves.  The same standard methodology is used, regardless of loan type.  Specific reserves are made to individual impaired loans and troubled debt restructurings (see Note 1 for additional information on this term).  The general reserve is set based upon a representative average historical net charge-off rate adjusted for the following environmental factors: delinquency and impairment trends, charge-off and recovery trends, restructured loans, volume and loan term trends, risk and underwriting policy trends, staffing and experience changes, national and local economic trends, industry conditions and credit concentration changes.  When calculating the five-year historical net charge-off rate, the Company weights the past three years more heavily due to the higher amount of charge-offs experienced during those years.  All of the environmental factors are ranked and assigned a basis points value based on the following scale: low, low moderate, moderate, high moderate and high risk.  Each environmental factor is evaluated separately for each class of loans and risk weighted based on its individual characteristics.
 -
For SBA 7(a), SBA 504 and commercial loans, the estimate of loss based on pools of loans with similar characteristics is made through the use of a standardized loan grading system that is applied on an individual loan level and updated on a continuous basis.  The loan grading system incorporates reviews of the financial performance of the borrower, including cash flow, debt-service coverage ratio, earnings power, debt level and equity position, in conjunction with an assessment of the borrower’s industry and future prospects.  It also incorporates analysis of the type of collateral and the relative loan to value ratio.
  -
For residential mortgage and consumer loans, the estimate of loss is based on pools of loans with similar characteristics.  Factors such as credit score, delinquency status and type of collateral are evaluated.  Factors are updated frequently to capture the recent behavioral characteristics of the subject portfolios, as well as any changes in loss mitigation or credit origination strategies, and adjustments to the reserve factors are made as needed.
 
According to the Company’s policy, a loss (“charge-off”) is to be recognized and charged to the allowance for loan losses as soon as a loan is recognized as uncollectable.  All credits which are 90 days past due must be analyzed for the Company’s ability to collect on the credit.  Once a loss is known to exist, the charge-off approval process is immediately expedited.  This charge-off policy is followed for all loan types.
The allocated allowance is the total of identified specific and general reserves by loan category.  The allocation is not necessarily indicative of the categories in which future losses may occur.  The total allowance is available to absorb losses from any segment of the portfolio.
The following tables detail the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for 2011 and 2010:

 
For the year ended December 31, 2011
 
(In thousands)
SBA
 
SBA 504
 
Commercial
 
Residential
 
Consumer
 
Unallocated
 
Total
 
Allowance for loan losses:
                                         
Beginning balance
  $ 4,198     $ 1,551     $ 6,011     $ 1,679     $ 586     $ 339     $ 14,364  
Charge-offs
    (2,348 )     (950 )     (1,809 )     (215 )     (177 )     -       (5,499 )
Recoveries
    216       77       330       54       6       -       683  
Net charge-offs
    (2,132 )     (873 )     (1,479 )     (161 )     (171 )     -       (4,816 )
Provision for loan losses charged to expense
    2,022       745       3,597       185       121       130       6,800  
Ending balance
  $ 4,088     $ 1,423     $ 8,129     $ 1,703     $ 536     $ 469     $ 16,348  

 
For the year ended December 31, 2010
 
(In thousands)
SBA
 
SBA 504
 
Commercial
 
Residential
 
Consumer
 
Unallocated
   
Total
 
Allowance for loan losses:
                                                       
Beginning balance
  $ 3,247     $ 1,872     $ 6,013     $ 1,615     $ 632     $ 463     $ 13,842  
Charge-offs
    (1,351 )     (1,548 )     (3,627 )     (500 )     (245 )     -       (7,271 )
Recoveries
    243       -       296       -       4       -       543  
Net charge-offs
    (1,108 )     (1,548 )     (3,331 )     (500 )     (241 )     -       (6,728 )
Provision for loan losses charged to expense
    2,059       1,227       3,329       564       195       (124 )     7,250  
Ending balance
  $ 4,198     $ 1,551     $ 6,011     $ 1,679     $ 586     $ 339     $ 14,364  
 
 
 
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The following tables present loans and their related allowance for loan losses, by portfolio segment, as of December 31, 2011 and 2010:
 
 
December 31, 2011
 
(In thousands)
SBA
 
SBA 504
 
Commercial
 
Residential
 
Consumer
 
Unallocated
 
Total
 
Allowance for Loan Losses ending balance:
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
  $ 1,694     $ 1     $ 2,754     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ 4,449  
Collectively evaluated for impairment
    2,394       1,422       5,375       1,703       536       469       11,899  
Total
  $ 4,088     $ 1,423     $ 8,129     $ 1,703     $ 536     $ 469     $ 16,348  
                                                         
Loan ending balances:
                                                       
Individually evaluated for impairment
  $ 6,316     $ 6,458     $ 20,186     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ 32,960  
Collectively evaluated for impairment
    65,527       48,650       262,918       134,090       48,447       -       559,632  
Total
  $ 71,843     $ 55,108     $ 283,104     $ 134,090     $ 48,447     $ -     $ 592,592  

 
December 31, 2010
 
(In thousands)
SBA
 
SBA 504
 
Commercial
 
Residential
 
Consumer
 
Unallocated
 
Total
 
Allowance for Loan Losses ending balance:
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
  $ 1,761     $ 87     $ 609     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ 2,457  
Collectively evaluated for impairment
    2,437       1,464       5,402       1,679       586       339       11,907  
Total
  $ 4,198     $ 1,551     $ 6,011     $ 1,679     $ 586     $ 339     $ 14,364  
                                                         
Loan ending balances:
                                                       
Individually evaluated for impairment
  $ 6,888     $ 10,622     $ 10,194     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ 27,704  
Collectively evaluated for impairment
    79,250       53,654       271,011       128,400       55,917       -       588,232  
Total
  $ 86,138     $ 64,276     $ 281,205     $ 128,400     $ 55,917     $ -     $ 615,936  
 
The Company did not make any changes to its allowance for loan losses methodology in the current period.
 
Unfunded Loan Commitments
    In addition to the allowance for loan losses, the Company maintains an allowance for unfunded loan commitments that is maintained at a level that management believes is adequate to absorb estimated probable losses.  Adjustments to the allowance are made through other expense and applied to the allowance which is maintained in other liabilities.  At December 31, 2011, a $79 thousand commitment reserve was reported on the balance sheet as an “other liability”, compared to a $66 thousand commitment reserve at December 31, 2010.
 
 
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7.Premises and Equipment

The detail of premises and equipment as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 is as follows:

(In thousands)
 
2011
   
2010
 
Land and buildings
  $ 11,458     $ 10,606  
Furniture, fixtures and equipment
    6,793       6,724  
Leasehold improvements
    2,150       2,463  
Gross premises and equipment
    20,401       19,793  
Less:  Accumulated depreciation
    (9,051 )     (8,826 )
Net premises and equipment
  $ 11,350     $ 10,967  
 
Amounts charged to noninterest expense for depreciation of premises and equipment amounted to $1.1 million in 2011 and $1.2 million in 2010.
 
The Company currently accounts for all of its leases as operating leases.  In addition, the Company has one lease with a related party.  The Company leases its Clinton, New Jersey headquarters from a partnership in which two Board members, Messrs. D. Dallas and R. Dallas are partners. Under the lease for the facility, the partnership received aggregate rental payments of $416 thousand in 2011 and $410 thousand in 2010.  Rental payments reflect market rents and the lease reflects terms that are comparable to those which could have been obtained in a lease with an unaffiliated third party.  This lease has a five-year term, expiring at the end of 2013.  After year one, the annual base rent of $400 thousand per annum is increased each year by the increase in the Consumer Price Index (“CPI”) for the New York Metropolitan area (not to exceed 3 percent).

8.Other Assets

The detail of other assets as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 is as follows:

(In thousands)
 
2011
   
2010
 
Net receivable due from SBA
  $ 696     $ 463  
Prepaid expenses
    451       382  
SBA servicing assets
    418       512  
Other
    694       831  
    Total other assets
  $ 2,259     $ 2,188  

9.Deposits

The following table details the maturity distribution of time deposits as of December 31, 2011 and 2010:

(In thousands)
 
3 months
or less
   
More than 3
months through
6 months
   
More than 6 months through
12 months
   
More than
12 months
   
Total
 
At December 31, 2011
                             
$100,000 or more
  $ 16,977     $ 9,770     $ 10,033     $ 19,837     $ 56,617  
Less than $100,000
    16,236       20,637       19,157       46,779       102,809  
At December 31, 2010
                                       
$100,000 or more
  $ 19,248     $ 6,227     $ 12,903     $ 22,736     $ 61,114  
Less than $100,000
    23,235       12,586       30,049       53,608       119,478  
 
The following table presents the expected maturities of time deposits over the next five years:

(In thousands)
 
2012
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
   
2016
   
Thereafter
   
Total
 
Balance Maturing
  $ 92,810     $ 35,634     $ 8,482     $ 4,480     $ 17,738     $ 282     $ 159,426  
 
 
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10. Borrowed Funds and Subordinated Debentures

The following table presents the period-end and average balances of borrowed funds and subordinated debentures for the last two years with resultant rates:

   
2011
   
2010
 
(In thousands)
 
Amount
   
Rate
   
Amount
   
Rate
 
FHLB borrowings and repurchase agreements :
                       
At December 31,
  $ 60,000       3.94 %   $ 60,000       3.94 %
Year-to-date average
    60,000       3.94       69,671       4.08  
Maximum outstanding
    60,000               70,000          
Repurchase agreements:
                               
At December 31,
  $ 15,000       3.67 %   $ 15,000       3.67 %
Year-to-date average
    15,000       3.67       15,000       3.65  
Maximum outstanding
    15,000               15,000          
Subordinated debentures:
                               
At December 31,
  $ 15,465       3.11 %   $ 15,465       5.49 %
Year-to-date average
    15,465       4.83       15,465       5.50  
Maximum outstanding
    15,465               15,465          
 
The following table presents the expected maturities of borrowed funds and subordinated debentures over the next five years:

(In thousands)
 
2012
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
   
2016
   
Thereafter
   
Total
 
FHLB borrowings and repurchase agreements
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ 10,000     $ 20,000     $ 30,000     $ 60,000  
Other repurchase agreements
    -       -       -       -       -       15,000       15,000  
Subordinated debentures
    -       -       -       -       -       15,465       15,465  
Total
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ 10,000     $ 20,000     $ 60,465     $ 90,465  

FHLB Borrowings
FHLB borrowings at December 31, 2011 and 2010 consisted of three $10.0 million advances and three $10.0 million repurchase agreements.  The terms of these transactions are as follows:
 -
The FHLB advance that was issued on April 27, 2005 has a fixed rate of 3.70 percent, matures on April 27, 2015 and is callable on April 27, 2008 and quarterly thereafter on the 27th of July, October, January and April.
  -
The FHLB advance that was issued on November 2, 2006 has a fixed rate of 4.03 percent, matures on November 2, 2016 and is callable on November 2, 2007 and quarterly thereafter on the 2nd of February, May, August and November.
  -
The FHLB advance that was issued on August 10, 2007 has a fixed rate of 4.23 percent, matures on August 10, 2017 and is callable on August 10, 2009 and quarterly thereafter on the 10th of November, February, May and August.
  -
The FHLB repo-advance that was issued on December 15, 2006 has a fixed rate of 4.13 percent, matures on December 15, 2016 and is callable on December 15, 2008 and quarterly thereafter on the 15th of March, June, September and December.
  -
The FHLB repo-advance that was issued on April 5, 2007 has a fixed rate of 4.21 percent, matures on April 5, 2017 and is callable on April 5, 2009 and quarterly thereafter on the 5th of July, October, January and April.
  -
The FHLB repo-advance that was issued on December 20, 2007 has a fixed rate of 3.34 percent, matures on December 20, 2017 and is callable on December 20, 2010 and quarterly thereafter on the 20th of March, June, September and December.

Due to the call provisions of these advances, the expected maturity could differ from the contractual maturity.

Repurchase Agreements
At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company was a party to the following Repurchase Agreement:
  -
A $15.0 million repurchase agreement that was entered into in February 2008 has a term of 10 years expiring on February 28, 2018, and a rate of 3.67 percent.  The borrowing may be called by the issuer on the repurchase date of May 29, 2008 and quarterly thereafter.
Due to the call provisions of this advance, the expected maturity could differ from the contractual maturity.

Subordinated Debentures
At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company was a party in the following subordinated debenture transactions:
  -
On July 24, 2006, Unity (NJ) Statutory Trust II, a statutory business trust and wholly-owned subsidiary of Unity Bancorp, Inc., issued $10.0 million of floating rate capital trust pass through securities to investors due on July 24, 2036. The subordinated debentures are redeemable in whole or part, prior to maturity but after July 24, 2011. The floating interest rate on the subordinated debentures is the three-month LIBOR plus 159 basis points and reprices quarterly.  The floating interest rate was 2.16 percent at December 31, 2011 and 1.89 percent at December 31, 2010.
  -
On December 19, 2006, Unity (NJ) Statutory Trust III, a statutory business trust and wholly-owned subsidiary of Unity Bancorp, Inc., issued $5.0 million of floating rate capital trust pass through securities to investors due on December 19, 2036.  The subordinated debentures are redeemable in whole or part, prior to maturity but after December 19, 2011.  The floating interest rate on the subordinated debentures is the three-month LIBOR plus 165 basis points and reprices quarterly.  The floating interest rate was 2.18 percent at December 31, 2011 and 1.95 percent at December 31, 2010.
  -
In connection with the formation of the statutory business trusts, the trusts also issued $465 thousand of common equity securities to the Company, which together with the proceeds stated above were used to purchase the subordinated debentures, under the same terms and conditions.
 
 
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The rates paid on subordinated debentures which are presented in the table on page 53 include the cost of the related interest rate swap agreements.  These agreements provide for the Company to receive variable rate payments based on the three-month LIBOR index in exchange for making payments at a fixed rate.  The interest rate swap agreement for the $10.0 million subordinated debenture expired on September 23, 2011.  For additional information, see Note 12 “Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities”.
The Company has the ability to defer interest payments on the subordinated debentures for up to five years without being in default.
The capital securities in each of the above transactions have preference over the common securities with respect to liquidation and other distributions and qualify as Tier I capital.  Under the terms of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, these securities will continue to qualify as Tier 1 capital as the Company has less than $10 billion in assets.  In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 810, “Consolidation,” the Company does not consolidate the accounts and related activity of Unity (NJ) Statutory Trust II and Unity (NJ) Statutory Trust III.  The additional capital from each of these transactions was used to bolster the Company’s capital ratios and for general corporate purposes, including among other things, capital contributions to Unity Bank.
Due to the redemption provisions of these securities, the expected maturity could differ from the contractual maturity.

11. Commitments and Contingencies

Facility Lease Obligations
The Company operates fifteen branches, seven branches are under operating leases, including its headquarters, and eight branches are owned.  In addition, the Company has a lease on one other location, which is subleased to a third party, with the third party paying rent in an amount equal to the Company’s rental obligation under the lease agreement between the Company and the lessor.  The leases’ contractual expiration range is generally between the years 2012 and 2015.  The following schedule summarizes the contractual rent payments for the future years.

(In thousands)
 
Operating Lease Rental Payments
   
Rent from
Sublet Locations
   
Net Rent Obligation
 
2012
  $ 1,112     $ 34     $ 1,078  
2013
    1,060       -       1,060  
2014
    268       -       268  
2015
    16       -       16  
Thereafter
    -       -       -  
 
Rent expense totaled $1.0 million for 2011 and $1.1 million for 2010.  The Company currently accounts for all of its leases as operating leases.

Litigation
The Company may, in the ordinary course of business, become a party to litigation involving collection matters, contract claims and other legal proceedings relating to the conduct of its business.  In the best judgment of management, based upon consultation with counsel, the consolidated financial position and results of operations of the Company will not be affected materially by the final outcome of any pending legal proceedings or other contingent liabilities and commitments.

Commitments to Borrowers
Commitments to extend credit are legally binding loan commitments with set expiration dates.  They are intended to be disbursed, subject to certain conditions, upon the request of the borrower.  The Company was committed to advance approximately $79.4 million to its borrowers as of December 31, 2011, compared to $66.0 million at December 31, 2010.  At December 31, 2011, $37.4 million of these commitments expire after one year, compared to $17.2 million a year earlier.  At December 31, 2011, the Company had $1.8 million in standby letters of credit compared to $1.5 million at December 31, 2010.  The estimated fair value of these guarantees is not significant.  The Company believes it has the necessary liquidity to honor all commitments.
 
 
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 12. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company has stand alone derivative financial instruments in the form of interest rate swap agreements, which derive their value from underlying interest rates.  These transactions involve both credit and market risk.  The notional amounts are amounts on which calculations, payments, and the value of the derivatives are based.  Notional amounts do not represent direct credit exposures.  Direct credit exposure is limited to the net difference between the calculated amounts to be received and paid, if any.  Such difference, which represents the fair value of the derivative instruments, is reflected on the Company’s balance sheet as other assets or other liabilities.
The Company is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of nonperformance by the counterparties to these agreements.  The Company controls the credit risk of its financial contracts through credit approvals, limits and monitoring procedures, and does not expect any counterparties to fail their obligations.  The Company deals only with primary dealers.
Derivative instruments are generally either negotiated over the counter (“OTC”) contracts or standardized contracts executed on a recognized exchange.  Negotiated OTC derivative contracts are generally entered into between two counterparties that negotiate specific agreement terms, including the underlying instrument, amount, exercise prices and maturity.

Risk Management Policies – Hedging Instruments
The primary focus of the Company’s asset/liability management program is to monitor the sensitivity of the Company’s net portfolio value and net income under varying interest rate scenarios to take steps to control its risks.  On a quarterly basis, the Company evaluates the effectiveness of entering into any derivative agreement by measuring the cost of such an agreement in relation to the reduction in net portfolio value and net income volatility within an assumed range of interest rates.

Interest Rate Risk Management – Cash Flow Hedging Instruments
The Company has long-term variable rate debt as a source of funds for use in the Company’s lending and investment activities and for other general business purposes.  These debt obligations expose the Company to variability in interest payments due to changes in interest rates.  If interest rates increase, interest expense increases.  Conversely, if interest rates decrease, interest expense decreases.  Management believes it is prudent to limit the variability of a portion of its interest payments and, therefore, hedged a portion of its variable-rate interest payments.  To meet this objective, management entered into interest rate swap agreements whereby the Company receives variable interest rate payments and makes fixed interest rate payments during the contract period.  At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the information pertaining to outstanding interest rate swap agreements used to hedge variable rate debt is as follows:

(In thousands, except percentages and years)
 
2011
   
2010
 
Notional amount
  $ 5,000     $ 15,000  
Weighted average pay rate
    3.94 %     4.05 %
Weighted average receive rate (three-month LIBOR)
    0.32 %     0.34 %
Weighted average maturity in years
    0.25       0.90  
Unrealized loss relating to interest rate swaps
  $ (43 )   $ (499 )%
 
These agreements provided for the Company to receive payments at a variable rate determined by a specific index (three-month LIBOR) in exchange for making payments at a fixed rate.  One of the Company’s interest rate swap agreements with a notional amount of $10.0 million expired during the third quarter of 2011.
At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the net unrealized loss relating to interest rate swaps was recorded as a derivative liability.  Changes in the fair value of interest rate swaps designated as hedging instruments of the variability of cash flows associated with long-term debt are reported in other comprehensive income.  The net spread between the fixed rate of interest which is paid and the variable interest received is classified in interest expense as a yield adjustment in the same period in which the related interest on the long-term debt affects earnings.

13. Shareholders’ Equity

Shareholders’ equity increased $3.5 million to $73.6 million at December 31, 2011 compared to $70.1 million at December 31, 2010, due to net income of $2.5 million, $963 thousand from the issuance of common stock under employee benefit plans, $724 thousand appreciation in the net unrealized gains on available for sale securities, and $274 thousand appreciation in net unrealized gains on cash flow hedge derivatives, partially offset by $1.0 million in dividends accrued on preferred stock.  The issuance of common stock under employee benefit plans includes nonqualified stock options and restricted stock expense related entries, employee option exercises and the tax benefit of options exercised.
During the first quarter of 2011, the Company retired approximately 425 thousand shares of Treasury Stock.  The associated $4.2 million was allocated between common stock and retained earnings.
On October 3, 2008, Congress passed the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (“EESA”), which provided the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury with broad authority to implement certain actions to help restore stability and liquidity to the U.S. markets.  One of the programs resulting from the EESA was the Treasury’s Capital Purchase Program (“CPP”) which provided direct equity investment of perpetual preferred stock by the U.S. Treasury in qualified financial institutions.   This program was voluntary and requires an institution to comply with several restrictions and provisions, including limits on executive compensation, stock redemptions, and declaration of dividends.  The perpetual preferred stock has a dividend rate of 5 percent per year until the fifth anniversary of the Treasury investment and a dividend of 9 percent thereafter.  The Company received an investment in perpetual preferred stock of $20.6 million on December 5, 2008.  These proceeds were allocated between the preferred stock and warrants based on relative fair value in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 470, “Debt.”  The allocation of proceeds resulted in a discount on the preferred stock that is being accreted over five years.  The Company issued 764,778 common stock warrants to the U.S. Treasury and $2.6 million of the proceeds were allocated to the warrants.  The warrants are accounted for as equity securities and have a contractual life of ten years and an exercise price of $4.05.
As part of the CPP, the Company’s future ability to pay cash dividends is limited for so long as the Treasury holds the preferred stock.  As so limited the Company may not increase its quarterly cash dividend above $0.05 per share, the quarterly rate in effect at the time the CPP program was announced, without the prior approval of the Treasury.  The Company did not declare or pay any dividends during 2011 or 2010.  The Company is currently preserving capital and may resume paying dividends when earnings and credit quality improve.
      The Company has suspended its share repurchase program, as required by the CPP.  On October 21, 2002, the Company authorized the repurchase of up to 10 percent of its outstanding common stock.  The amount and timing of purchases would be dependent upon a number of factors, including the price and availability of the Company’s shares, general market conditions and competing alternate uses of funds.  As of December 31, 2011, the Company had repurchased a total of 556 thousand shares, of which 131 thousand shares have been retired, leaving 153 thousand shares remaining to be repurchased under the plan when and if it is reinstated. There were no shares repurchased during 2011 or 2010.
 
 
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14. Other Income

The components of other income for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 are as follows:

(In thousands)
 
2011
   
2010
 
ATM and check card fees
  $ 353     $ 306  
Wire transfer fees
    89       81  
Safe deposit box fees
    55       53  
Other
    174       279  
Total other income
  $ 671     $ 719  

15. Other Expenses

The components of other expenses for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 are as follows:

(In thousands)
 
2011
   
2010
 
Travel, entertainment, training and recruiting
  $ 619     $ 603  
Insurance
    336       325  
Director fees
    265       346  
Stationery and supplies
    228       221  
Other
    350       262  
Total other expenses
  $ 1,798     $ 1,757  
 
16. Income Taxes

The components of the provision for income taxes are as follows:

(In thousands)
 
2011
   
2010
 
Federal – current provision
  $ 775     $ 1,212  
Federal – deferred benefit
    (335 )     (530 )
Total Federal provision
    440       682  
State – current (benefit) provision
    (10 )     18  
State – deferred provision (benefit)
    339       (111 )
Total State provision (benefit)
    329       (93 )
Total provision for income taxes
  $ 769     $ 589  
 
A reconciliation between the reported income tax provision and the amount computed by multiplying income before taxes by the statutory Federal income tax rate is as follows:

(In thousands)
 
2011
   
2010
 
Federal income tax provision at statutory rate
  $ 1,127     $ 962  
Increases (decreases) resulting from:
               
Bank owned life insurance
    (100 )     (105 )
Tax-exempt interest
    (155 )     (68 )
Meals and entertainment
    16       15  
Reversal of valuation allowance
    (323 )     -  
State income taxes, net of federal income tax effect
    256       86  
Other, net
    (52 )     (301 )
Provision for income taxes
  $ 769     $ 589  
Effective tax rate
    23.2 %     20.8 %
 
 
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Deferred income taxes are provided for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities.  The components of the net deferred tax asset at December 31, 2011 and 2010 are as follows:

(In thousands)
 
2011
   
2010
 
Deferred tax assets:
           
Allowance for loan losses
  $ 6,529     $ 5,737  
Reserve for impaired securities
    -       1,179  
Lost interest on nonaccrual loans
    1,011       855  
Stock-based compensation
    329       290  
Depreciation
    199       240  
Deferred compensation
    150       137  
State net operating loss
    112       323  
Net unrealized cash flow hedge losses
    17       199  
Other
    69       -  
Gross deferred tax assets
    8,416       8,960  
Valuation allowance
    -       (323 )
 Net deferred tax assets
    8,416       8,637  
Deferred tax liabilities:
               
Net unrealized security gains
    760       274  
Deferred loan costs
    464       433  
Goodwill
    246       205  
Bond accretion
    68       165  
Other
    -       10  
Total deferred tax liabilities
    1,538       1,087  
Net deferred tax asset
  $ 6,878     $ 7,550  
 
The Company computes deferred income taxes under the asset and liability method.  Deferred income taxes are recognized for tax consequences of  “temporary differences” by applying enacted statutory tax rates to differences between the financial reporting and the tax basis of existing assets and liabilities.  A deferred tax liability is recognized for all temporary differences that will result in future taxable income.  A deferred tax asset is recognized for all temporary differences that will result in future tax deductions subject to reduction of the asset by a valuation allowance.
During 2009, the Company established a $450 thousand valuation allowance for deferred tax assets related to its state net operating loss carry-forward deferred tax asset, the balance of which was $0 and $323 thousand at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively due to subsequent utilization of the net operating loss carry-forwards.  The Company’s state net operating loss carry-forwards totaled approximately $1.9 million at December 31, 2011 and $5.4 million at December 31, 2010 and expire between 2014 and 2030.
Included as a component of deferred tax assets is an income tax expense (benefit) related to unrealized gains (losses) on securities available for sale and cash flow hedges.  The after-tax component of the unrealized gain on securities available for sale of $1.1 million and $423 thousand in 2011 and 2010, respectively, is included in other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity.  In addition, other comprehensive income included $(26) thousand and $(300) thousand related to cash flow hedges at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes,” which prescribes a threshold for the financial statement recognition of income taxes and provides criteria for the measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return.  ASC 740 also includes guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition of income taxes.  The Company did not recognize or accrue any interest or penalties related to income taxes during the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010.  The Company does not have an accrual for uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2011 or 2010, as deductions taken and benefits accrued are based on widely understood administrative practices and procedures and are based on clear and unambiguous tax law.  Tax returns for all years 2007 and thereafter are subject to future examination by tax authorities.

17. Net Income per Share

The following is a reconciliation of the calculation of basic and dilutive income per share.

(In thousands, except per share amounts)
 
2011
   
2010
 
Net income
  $ 2,546     $ 2,240  
Less: Preferred stock dividends and discount accretion
    1,558       1,520  
Income available to common shareholders
  $ 988     $ 720  
Weighted average common shares outstanding - Basic
    7,333       7,173  
Plus:  Potential dilutive common stock
    402       274  
Weighted average common shares outstanding - Diluted
    7,735       7,447  
Net income per common share -
               
Basic
  $ 0.13     $ 0.10  
Diluted
    0.13       0.10  
Stock options and common stock excluded from the income per share computation as their effect would have been anti-dilutive
    372       444  
 
The “potential dilutive common stock” and the “stock options and common stock excluded from the income per share calculation as their effect would have been anti-dilutive” shown in the prior table includes the impact of 764,778 common stock warrants issued to the U.S. Department of Treasury under the Capital Purchase Program in December 2008, as applicable.  These warrants were dilutive for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010.
 
 
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18. Regulatory Capital

A significant measure of the strength of a financial institution is its capital base.  Federal regulators have classified and defined capital into the following components: (1) tier 1 capital, which includes tangible shareholders’ equity for common stock, qualifying preferred stock and certain qualifying hybrid instruments, and (2) tier 2 capital, which includes a portion of the allowance for loan losses, subject to limitations, certain qualifying long-term debt, preferred stock and hybrid instruments, which do not qualify for tier 1 capital.  The parent company and its subsidiary bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by banking regulators.  Quantitative measures of capital adequacy include the leverage ratio (tier 1 capital as a percentage of tangible assets), tier 1 risk-based capital ratio (tier 1 capital as a percent of risk-weighted assets) and total risk-based capital ratio (total risk-based capital as a percent of total risk-weighted assets).
Minimum capital levels are regulated by risk-based capital adequacy guidelines, which require the Company and the bank to maintain certain capital as a percentage of assets and certain off-balance sheet items adjusted for predefined credit risk factors (risk-weighted assets).  Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s financial statements.  Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company and the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines.  However, prompt corrective action provisions are not applicable to bank holding companies.  At a minimum, tier 1 capital as a percentage of risk-weighted assets of 4 percent and combined tier 1 and tier 2 capital as a percentage of risk-weighted assets of 8 percent must be maintained.
In addition to the risk-based guidelines, regulators require that a bank, which meets the regulator’s highest performance and operation standards, maintain a minimum leverage ratio of 3 percent.  For those banks with higher levels of risk or that are experiencing or anticipating significant growth, the minimum leverage ratio will be proportionately increased.  Minimum leverage ratios for each institution are evaluated through the ongoing regulatory examination process.
 
The Company’s capital amounts and ratios for the last two years are presented in the following table.

   
Actual
   
For Capital
Adequacy Purposes
   
To Be Well-Capitalized
Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
 
(In thousands)
 
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
 
As of December 31, 2011
                                   
Leverage ratio
  $ 86,077       10.44 %  
≥ $ 32,979
      4.00 %     N/A       N/A  
Tier I risk-based capital ratio
    86,077       14.33       24,027       4.00       N/A       N/A  
Total risk-based capital ratio
    93,696       15.60       48,055       8.00       N/A       N/A  
As of December 31, 2010
                                               
Leverage ratio
  $ 83,550       9.97 %  
≥ $ 33,531
      4.00 %     N/A       N/A  
Tier I risk-based capital ratio
    83,550       13.04       25,628       4.00       N/A       N/A  
Total risk-based capital ratio
    91,638       14.30       51,257       8.00       N/A       N/A  
 
The Bank’s capital amounts and ratios for the last two years are presented in the following table.

   
Actual
   
For Capital
Adequacy Purposes
   
To Be Well-Capitalized
Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
 
(In thousands)
 
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
 
As of December 31, 2011
                                   
Leverage ratio
  $ 74,191       9.01 %  
≥ $ 32,953
      4.00 %  
≥ $ 41,192
      5.00 %
Tier I risk-based capital ratio
    74,191       12.36       24,003       4.00       36,004       6.00  
Total risk-based capital ratio
    90,302       15.05       48,006       8.00       60,007       10.00  
As of December 31, 2010
                                               
Leverage ratio
  $ 71,053       8.48 %  
≥ $ 33,497
      4.00 %  
≥ $ 41,871
      5.00 %
Tier I risk-based capital ratio
    71,053       11.10       25,595       4.00       38,393       6.00  
Total risk-based capital ratio
    87,631       13.69       51,191       8.00       63,988       10.00  
 
 
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19. Employee Benefit Plans

The Bank has a 401(k) savings plan covering substantially all employees.  Under the Plan, an employee can contribute up to 80 percent of their salary on a tax deferred basis.  The Bank may also make discretionary contributions to the Plan.  The Bank contributed $193 thousand and $211 thousand to the Plan in 2011 and 2010, respectively.
The Company has a deferred fee plan for Directors and executive management.  Directors of the Company have the option to elect to defer up to 100 percent of their respective retainer and Board of Director fees, and each member of executive management has the option to elect to defer 100 percent of their year-end cash bonuses.  Director and executive deferred fees totaled $16 thousand in 2011 and $15 thousand in 2010, and the interest paid on deferred balances totaled $15 thousand in 2011 and $14 thousand in 2010.
Certain members of management are also enrolled in a split-dollar life insurance plan with a post retirement death benefit of $250 thousand.  Total expenses related to this plan were $10 thousand in 2011 and $40 thousand in 2010.
The Company has incentive and nonqualified option plans, which allow for the grant of options to officers, employees and members of the Board of Directors.  In addition, restricted stock is issued under the stock bonus program to reward employees and directors and to retain them by distributing stock over a period of time.
The Bank does not currently provide any other post retirement or post employment benefits to its employees other than the plans mentioned above.

Stock Option Plans
Grants under the Company’s incentive and nonqualified option plans generally vest over 3 years and must be exercised within 10 years of the date of grant.  The exercise price of each option is the market price on the date of grant.  As of December 31, 2011, 1,720,529 shares have been reserved for issuance upon the exercise of options, 641,648 option grants are outstanding, and 956,557 option grants have been exercised, forfeited or expired, leaving 122,324 shares available for grant.
The Company granted 127,000 options in 2011 as compared to no options in 2010.  The fair value of the options granted in 2011 was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:

   
2011
   
2010
 
Number of options granted
    127,000       -  
Weighted average exercise price
  $ 6.54     $ -  
Weighted average fair value of options
  $ 3.02     $ -  
Expected life (years)
    4.59       -  
Expected volatility
    55.69 %     - %
Risk-free interest rate
    0.98 %     - %
Dividend yield
    - %     - %
 
The expected life of the options was estimated based on historical employee behavior and represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. Expected volatility of the Company’s stock price was based on the historical volatility over the period commensurate with the expected life of the options.  The risk-free interest rate is the U.S.Treasury rate commensurate with the expected life of the options on the date of grant.  The expected dividend yield is the projected annual yield based on the grant date stock price.
FASB ASC Topic 718, “Compensation - Stock Compensation,” requires an entity to recognize the fair value of equity awards as compensation expense over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for such an award (vesting period).  Compensation expense related to stock options totaled $127 thousand and $202 thousand in 2011 and 2010, respectively.  The related income tax benefit was approximately $49 thousand and $80 thousand in 2011 and 2010, respectively.  As of December 31, 2011, unrecognized compensation costs related to nonvested share-based compensation arrangements granted under the Company’s stock option plans totaled approximately $364 thousand.  That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.5 years.
 
Transactions under the Company’s stock option plans for the last two years are summarized in the following table:

 
Shares
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)
    Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2009
886,286
 
$
5.73
 
4.6
 
$
293,911
     Options granted
-
   
-
         
     Options exercised
(80,626)
   
2.79
         
     Options forfeited
(5,524)
   
4.44
         
     Options expired
(24,668)
   
10.37
         
Outstanding at December 31, 2010
775,468
 
$
5.90
 
3.9
 
$
1,049,184
     Options granted
127,000
   
6.54
         
     Options exercised
(233,105)
   
3.39
         
     Options forfeited
(4,448)
   
6.06
         
     Options expired
(23,267)
   
9.62
         
Outstanding at December 31, 2011
641,648
 
$
6.80
 
5.3
 
$
515,582
Exercisable at December 31, 2011
497,064
 
$
6.97
 
4.1
 
$
473,029
 
 
Page 59

 
 
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2011:

     
Options Outstanding
   
Options Exercisable
 
Range of Exercise Prices
   
Shares Outstanding
   
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)
   
Weighted Average Exercise Price
   
Shares Exercisable
   
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
$ 0.00 - 4.00       124,750       7.4     $ 3.88       107,166     $ 3.86  
  4.01 - 8.00       338,640       5.7       6.05       211,640       5.76  
  8.01 - 12.00       121,617       2.2       9.22       121,617       9.22  
  12.01 - 16.00       56,641       4.9       12.54       56,641       12.54  
Total
      641,648       5.3     $ 6.80       497,064     $ 6.97  

The following table presents information about options exercised:

   
2011
   
2010
 
Number of options exercised
    233,105       80,626  
Total intrinsic value of options exercised
  $ 753,440     $ 136,723  
Cash received from options exercised
    445,515       93,721  
Tax deduction realized from options exercised
    298,494       54,607  
 
Upon exercise, the Company issues shares from its authorized but unissued, common stock to satisfy the options.

Restricted Stock Awards
Restricted stock awards granted to date vest over a period of 4 years and are recognized as compensation to the recipient over the vesting period.  The awards are recorded at fair market value and amortized into salary expense on a straight line basis over the vesting period.  As of December 31, 2011, 221,551 shares of restricted stock were reserved for issuance, of which 45,162 shares are available for grant.
Restricted stock awards granted during the past two years include:

Grant Year
 
Shares
   
Average Grant Date Fair Value
 
2011
    68,500     $ 6.49  
2010
    13,200     $ 5.30  

Compensation expense related to the restricted stock awards totaled $94 thousand in 2011 and $115 thousand in 2010.  As of December 31, 2011, there was approximately $519 thousand of unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested restricted stock awards granted under the Company’s stock incentive plans.  That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 4.0 years.The following table summarizes nonvested restricted stock activity for the year ended December 31, 2011:

   
Shares
   
Average Grant Date Fair Value
 
Nonvested restricted stock at December 31, 2010
    43,367     $ 5.83  
Granted
    68,500       6.49  
Vested
    (16,857 )     7.01  
Forfeited
    (1,326 )     8.72  
Nonvested restricted stock at December 31, 2011
    93,684     $ 6.06  
 
 
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20. Fair Value

Fair Value Measurement
The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures,” which requires additional disclosures about the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value.  Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date.  In determining fair value, the Company uses various methods including market, income and cost approaches.  Based on these approaches, the Company often utilizes certain assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and or the risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique.  These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated, or generally unobservable inputs.  The Company utilizes techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.  Based on the observability of the inputs used in valuation techniques, the Company is required to provide the following information according to the fair value hierarchy.  The fair value hierarchy ranks the quality and reliability of the information used to determine fair values.  Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value will be classified and disclosed as follows:

Level 1 Inputs
  -
Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.
  -
Generally, this includes debt and equity securities and derivative contracts that are traded in an active exchange market (i.e. New York Stock Exchange), as well as certain U.S. Treasury, U.S. Government and sponsored entity mortgage-backed securities that are highly liquid and are actively traded in over-the-counter markets.

Level 2 Inputs
  -
Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets.
  -
Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets.
  -
Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for the term of the asset or liability (i.e., interest rates, yield curves, credit risks, prepayment speeds or volatilities) or “market corroborated inputs.”
  -
Generally, this includes U.S. Government and sponsored entity mortgage-backed securities, corporate debt securities and derivative contracts.

Level 3 Inputs
  -
Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable (i.e. supported by little or no market activity) and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
  -
These assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value:

Securities Available for Sale
The fair value of available for sale (“AFS”) securities is the market value based on quoted market prices for identical securities, when available, or market prices provided by recognized broker dealers (Level 1).  If listed prices or quotes are not available, fair value is based upon quoted market prices for similar or identical assets or other observable inputs (Level 2) or externally developed models that use unobservable inputs due to limited or no market activity of the instrument (Level 3).
As of December 31, 2011, the fair value of the Company’s AFS securities portfolio was $88.8 million.  Approximately 65 percent of the portfolio was made up of residential mortgage-backed securities, which had a fair value of $57.9 million at December 31, 2011.  Approximately $56.3 million of the residential mortgage-backed securities are guaranteed by the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”), the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”) or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”).  The underlying loans for these securities are residential mortgages that are geographically dispersed throughout the United States.  All AFS securities were classified as Level 2 assets at December 31, 2011.  The valuation of AFS securities using Level 2 inputs was primarily determined using the market approach, which uses quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and all other relevant information.  It includes model pricing, defined as valuing securities based upon their relationship with other benchmark securities.

Interest Rate Swap Agreements
Based on the complex nature of interest rate swap agreements, the markets these instruments trade in are not as efficient and are less liquid than that of Level 1 markets.  These markets do, however, have comparable, observable inputs in which an alternative pricing source values these assets or liabilities in order to arrive at a fair value.  The fair values of our interest swaps are measured based on the difference between the yield on the existing swaps and the yield on current swaps in the market (i.e. The Yield Book); consequently, they are classified as Level 2 instruments.
There were no changes in the inputs or methodologies used to determine fair value during the year ended December 31, 2011 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2010.
 
 
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The tables below present the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.

   
As of December 31, 2011
 
(In thousands) 
 
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
 
Financial Assets:
                       
Securities available for sale:
                       
U.S. government sponsored entities
  $ -     $ 5,375     $ -     $ 5,375  
State and political subdivisions
    -       17,878       -       17,878  
Residential mortgage-backed securities
    -       57,924       -       57,924  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
    -       210       -       210  
Trust preferred securities
    -       760       -       760  
Other securities
    -       6,618       -       6,618  
Total securities available for sale
    -       88,765       -       88,765  
Financial Liabilities:
                               
Interest rate swap agreements
    -       43       -       43  


   
As of December 31, 2010
 
(In thousands) 
 
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
 
Financial Assets:
                       
Securities available for sale:
                       
U.S. government sponsored entities
  $ -     $ 6,462     $ -     $ 6,462  
State and political subdivisions
    -       10,963       -       10,963  
Residential mortgage-backed securities
    -       85,741       -       85,741  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
    -       1,826       -       1,826  
Trust preferred securities
    -       565       -       565  
Other securities
    -       1,574       -       1,574  
Total securities available for sale
    -       107,131       -       107,131  
Financial Liabilities:
                               
Interest rate swap agreements
    -       499       -       499  

Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
Certain assets and liabilities are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment).  The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis:
 
Other Real Estate Owned (“OREO”)
The fair value was determined using appraisals, which may be discounted based on management’s review and changes in market conditions (Level 3 Inputs).  All appraisals must be performed in accordance with the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (“USPAP”).  Appraisals are certified to the Company and performed by appraisers on the Company’s approved list of appraisers.  Evaluations are completed by a person independent of Company management.  The content of the appraisal depends on the complexity of the property.  Appraisals are completed on a “retail value” and an “as is value”.
The Company requires current real estate appraisals on all loans that become OREO or in-substance foreclosure, loans that are classified substandard, doubtful or loss, or loans that are over $100,000 and nonperforming.  Prior to each balance sheet date, the Company values impaired collateral-dependent loans and OREO based upon a third party appraisal, broker’s price opinion, drive by appraisal, automated valuation model, updated market evaluation, or a combination of these methods.  The amount is discounted for the decline in market real estate values (for original appraisals), for any known damage or repair costs, and for selling and closing costs.  The amount of the discount is dependent upon the method used to determine the original value.  The original appraisal is generally used when a loan is first determined to be impaired.  When applying the discount, the Company takes into consideration when the appraisal was performed, the collateral’s location, the type of collateral, any known damage to the property and the type of business. Subsequent to entering impaired status and the Company determining that there is a collateral shortfall, the Company will generally, depending on the type of collateral, order a third party appraisal, broker’s price opinion, automated valuation model or updated market evaluation.  Subsequent to receiving the third party results, the Company will discount the value 6 to 10 percent for selling and closing costs.
Partially charged-off loans are measured for impairment based upon an appraisal for collateral-dependant loans.  When an updated appraisal is received for a nonperforming loan, the value on the appraisal is discounted in the manner discussed above. If there is a deficiency in the value after the Company applies these discounts, management applies a specific reserve and the loan remains in nonaccrual status.  The receipt of an updated appraisal would not qualify as a reason to put a loan back into accruing status. The Company removes loans from nonaccrual status when the borrower makes six months of contractual payments and demonstrates the ability to service the debt.  Charge-offs are determined based upon the loss that management believes the Company will incur after evaluating collateral for impairment based upon the valuation methods described above and the ability of the borrower to pay any deficiency.
 
 
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Impaired Collateral-Dependent Loans
The fair value of impaired collateral-dependent loans is derived in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 310, “Receivables.”  Fair value is determined based on the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral.  The valuation allowance for impaired loans is included in the allowance for loan losses in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  During the year ended December 31, 2011, the valuation allowance for impaired loans increased $2.0 million to $4.4 million at December 31, 2011.  During the year ended December 31, 2010, the valuation allowance for impaired loans decreased $6 thousand to $2.5 million at December 31, 2010.

The following tables present the assets and liabilities carried on the balance sheet by caption and by level within the hierarchy (as described above) as of December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:
 
 
As of December 31, 2011
 
(In thousands)
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Total fair value loss during year ended December 31, 2011
 
Financial Assets:
                         
Other real estate owned (“OREO”)
  $ -     $ -     $ 3,032     $ 3,032     $ (1,879 )
Impaired collateral-dependent loans
    -    
-
      13,705       13,705       (1,992 )

 
As of December 31, 2010
 
(In thousands)
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Total fair value gain (loss) during year ended December 31, 2010
 
Financial Assets:
                         
Other real estate owned (“OREO”)
  $ -     $ -     $ 2,346     $ 2,346     $ (100 )
Impaired collateral-dependent loans
    -    
-
      6,670       6,670       6  
 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
FASB ASC Topic 825, “Financial Instruments,” requires the disclosure of the estimated fair value of certain financial instruments, including those financial instruments which the Company does not record at fair value.  These estimated fair values as of December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 have been determined using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies.  Considerable judgment is required to interpret market data to develop estimates of fair value.  The estimates presented are not necessarily indicative of amounts the Company could realize in a current market exchange.  The use of alternative market assumptions and estimation methodologies could have had a material effect on these estimates of fair value.  The methodology for estimating the fair value of financial assets and liabilities that are measured on a recurring or nonrecurring basis are discussed above.  The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of other financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value:

Cash and Cash Equivalents
For these short-term instruments, the carrying value is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

SBA Loans Held For Sale
The fair value of SBA loans held for sale is estimated by using a market approach that includes significant other observable inputs.

Loans
The fair value of loans is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using current market rates that reflect the interest rate risk inherent in the loan, except for previously discussed impaired loans.

Federal Home Loan Bank Stock
Federal Home Loan Bank stock is carried at cost.  Carrying value approximates fair value based on the redemption provisions of the issues.

SBA Servicing Assets
SBA servicing assets do not trade in an active, open market with readily observable prices.  The Company estimates the fair value of SBA servicing assets using discounted cash flow models incorporating numerous assumptions from the perspective of a market participant including market discount rates and prepayment speeds.
 
 
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Deposit Liabilities
The fair value of demand deposits and savings accounts is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date.  The fair value of fixed-maturity certificates of deposit is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using current market rates.

Borrowed Funds & Subordinated Debentures
The fair value of borrowings is estimated by discounting the projected future cash flows using current market rates.

Accrued Interest
The carrying amounts of accrued interest approximate fair value.

Standby Letters of Credit
At December 31, 2011, the Bank had standby letters of credit outstanding of $1.8 million, as compared to $1.5 million at December 31, 2010.  The fair value of these commitments is nominal.

The table below presents the estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments as of December 31, 2011 and 2010:

   
2011
   
2010
 
(In thousands)
 
Carrying
Amount
   
Estimated
 Fair Value
   
Carrying
 Amount
   
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Financial assets:
                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 82,574     $ 82,574     $ 43,926     $ 43,926  
Securities available for sale
    88,765       88,765       107,131       107,131  
Securities held to maturity
    18,771       19,879       21,111       21,351  
SBA loans held for sale
    7,668       8,192       10,397       11,048  
Loans, net of allowance for possible loan losses
    568,576       572,165       591,175       588,519  
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
    4,088       4,088       4,206       4,206  
SBA servicing assets
    418       418       512       512  
Accrued interest receivable
    3,703       3,703       3,791       3,791  
Financial liabilities:
                               
Deposits
    643,971       647,281       654,788       659,048  
Borrowed funds and subordinated debentures
    90,465       102,533       90,465       103,704  
Accrued interest payable
    523       523       556       556  
Interest rate swap agreements
    43       43       499       499  

 
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21.Condensed Financial Statements of Unity Bancorp, Inc. (Parent Company Only)
 
Balance Sheets
   
December 31,
 
(In thousands)
 
2011
   
2010
 
ASSETS:
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 3,475     $ 4,056  
Securities available for sale
    88       98  
Capital note due from Bank
    8,500       8,500  
Investment in subsidiaries
    76,698       72,888  
Other assets
    500       669  
Total Assets
  $ 89,261     $ 86,211  
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
               
Other liabilities
  $ 238     $ 661  
Other borrowings
    15,465       15,465  
Shareholders’ equity
    73,558       70,085  
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
  $ 89,261     $ 86,211  

Statements of Income
   
Years ended December 31,
 
(In thousands)
 
2011
   
2010
 
Interest income
  $ 749     $ 746  
Interest expense
    757       862  
Net interest expense
    (8 )     (116 )
Other expenses
    21       21  
Loss before income tax benefit and equity in undistributed net income of subsidiary
    (29 )     (137 )
Income tax benefit
    (11 )     (45 )
Loss before equity in undistributed net income of subsidiary
    (18 )     (92 )
Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiary
    2,564       2,332  
Net income
    2,546       2,240  
Preferred stock dividends and discount accretion
    1,558       1,520  
Income available to common shareholders
  $ 988     $ 720  


Statements of Cash Flows
   
Years ended December 31,
 
(In thousands)
 
2011
   
2010
 
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
           
Net income
  $ 2,546     $ 2,240  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
               
Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiary
    (2,564 )     (2,332 )
Net change in other assets and liabilities
    23       9  
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
    5       (83 )
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
               
Proceeds from exercise of common stock
    446       94  
Cash dividends paid on preferred stock
    (1,032 )     (1,032 )
Net cash used in financing activities
    (586 )     (938 )
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents
    (581 )     (1,021 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
    4,056       5,077  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
  $ 3,475     $ 4,056  
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES:
               
Interest paid
  $ 757     $ 860  
 
 
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22.Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(In thousands)
 
Pre-tax
   
Tax
   
After-tax
 
Net unrealized security gains:
                 
Balance at December 31, 2009
              $ 5  
Unrealized holding gains on securities arising during the period
  $ 876     $ 344       532  
Less: Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income
    171       57       114  
Net unrealized gains on securities arising during the period
    705       287       418  
Balance at December 31, 2010
                    423  
Unrealized holding gains on securities arising during the period
    1,631       627       1,004  
Less: Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income
    421       141       280  
Net unrealized gains on securities arising during the period
    1,210       486       724  
Balance at December 31, 2011
                  $ 1,147  
Net unrealized losses on cash flow hedges:
                       
Balance at December 31, 2009
                  $ (466 )
Unrealized holding gains on cash flow hedges arising during the period
  $ 278     $ 112       166  
Balance at December 31, 2010
                    (300 )
Unrealized holding gains on cash flow hedges arising during the period
    456       182       274  
Balance at December 31, 2011
                    (26 )
Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income at December 31, 2011
                  $ 1,121  

 
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Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited)
 
The following quarterly financial information for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 is unaudited.However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments, which include normal recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the results of operations for the periods, are reflected.

(In thousands, except per share data)
                       
2011
 
March 31
   
June 30
   
September 30
   
December 31
 
Total interest income
  $ 10,242     $ 10,196     $ 9,952     $ 9,133  
Total interest expense
    2,767       2,725       2,599       2,460  
Net interest income
    7,475       7,471       7,353       6,673  
Provision for loan losses
    2,500       1,750       1,400       1,150  
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
    4,975       5,721       5,953       5,523  
Total noninterest income
    1,255       1,447       1,654       1,305  
Total noninterest expense
    6,158       6,247       6,101       6,012  
Income before provision (benefit) for income taxes
    72       921       1,506       816  
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
    (148 )     277       420       220  
Net income
    220       644       1,086       596  
Preferred stock dividends and discount accretion
    384       395       386       393  
Income available (loss attributable) to common shareholders
  $ (164 )   $ 249     $ 700     $ 203  
Net income (loss) per common share - Basic
  $ (0.02 )   $ 0.03     $ 0.09     $ 0.03  
Net income (loss) per common share - Diluted
  $ (0.02 )   $ 0.03     $ 0.09     $ 0.03  

 
(In thousands, except per share data)
                       
2010
 
March 31
   
June 30
   
September 30
   
December 31
 
Total interest income
  $ 11,513     $ 10,944     $ 10,726     $ 10,852  
Total interest expense
    4,049       3,681       3,314       2,991  
Net interest income
    7,464       7,263       7,412       7,861  
Provision for loan losses
    1,500       1,500       1,500       2,750  
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
    5,964       5,763       5,912       5,111  
Total noninterest income
    910       1,170       1,460       1,529  
Total noninterest expense
    5,941       6,040       6,404       6,605  
Income before provision (benefit) for income taxes
    933       893       968       35  
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
    185       212       242       (50 )
Net income
    748       681       726       85  
Preferred stock dividends and discount accretion
    373       379       385       383  
Income available (loss attributable) to common shareholders
  $ 375     $ 302     $ 341     $ (298 )
Net income (loss) per common share - Basic
  $ 0.05     $ 0.04     $ 0.05     $ (0.04 )
Net income (loss) per common share - Diluted
  $ 0.05     $ 0.04     $ 0.05     $ (0.04 )
 
 
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Selected Consolidated Financial Data
(In thousands)
At or for the years ended December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Selected Results of Operations
                             
Interest income
  $ 39,523     $ 44,035     $ 49,410     $ 50,765     $ 48,900  
Interest expense
    10,551       14,035       21,582       23,474       24,474  
Net interest income
    28,972       30,000       27,828       27,291       24,426  
Provision for loan losses
    6,800       7,250       8,000       4,500       1,550  
Noninterest income
    5,661       5,069       2,140       2,694       5,940  
Noninterest expense
    24,518       24,990       23,947       22,939       22,113  
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
    769       589       (898 )     616       1,978  
Net income (loss)
    2,546       2,240       (1,081 )     1,930       4,725  
Preferred stock dividends and discount accretion
    1,558       1,520       1,496       110       -  
Income available (loss attributable) to common shareholders
    988       720       (2,577 )     1,820       4,725  
Per Share Data
                                       
Net income (loss) per common share - Basic
  $ 0.13     $ 0.10     $ (0.36 )   $ 0.26     $ 0.65  
Net income (loss) per common share - Diluted
    0.13       0.10       (0.36 )     0.25       0.63  
Book value per common share
    7.24       7.08       6.91       6.99       6.70  
Market value per common share
    6.40       6.05       4.02       3.90       8.10  
Cash dividends declared on common shares
    -       -       -       0.10       0.19  
Selected Balance Sheet Data
                                       
Assets
  $ 810,846     $ 818,410     $ 930,357     $ 898,310     $ 752,196  
Loans
    592,592       615,936       657,016       685,946       590,132  
Allowance for loan losses
    16,348       14,364       13,842       10,326       8,383  
Securities
    107,536       128,242       169,022       149,509       98,591  
Deposits
    643,971       654,788       758,239       707,117       601,268  
Borrowed funds and subordinated debentures
    90,465       90,465       100,465       120,465       100,465  
Shareholders’ equity
    73,558       70,085       67,865       67,803       47,260  
Common shares outstanding
    7,459       7,211       7,144       7,119       7,063  
Performance Ratios
                                       
Return (loss) on average assets
    0.31 %     0.26 %     (0.12 )%     0.23 %     0.66 %
Return (loss) on average equity
    1.90       1.43       (5.29 )     3.72       10.11  
Efficiency ratio
    71.42       71.43       75.49       71.90       71.48  
Net interest spread
    3.50       3.41       2.87       3.13       3.07  
Net interest margin
    3.76       3.67       3.22       3.51       3.62  
Asset Quality Ratios
                                       
Allowance for loan losses to loans
    2.76 %     2.33 %     2.11 %     1.51 %     1.42 %
Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans
    71.80       66.31       54.29       64.06       153.49  
Nonperforming loans to total loans
    3.84       3.52       3.88       2.35       0.93  
Nonperforming assets to total loans and OREO
    4.33       3.88       4.10       2.45       0.94  
Nonperforming assets to total assets
    3.18       2.93       2.90       1.87       0.74  
Net charge-offs to average loans
    0.79       1.05       0.67       0.40       0.14  
Capital Ratios – Company
                                       
Leverage ratio
    10.44 %     9.97 %     8.83 %     9.54 %     8.25 %
Tier I risk-based capital ratio
    14.33       13.04       11.75       12.02       9.81  
Total risk-based capital ratio
    15.60       14.30       13.01       13.27       11.06  
Capital Ratios – Bank
                                       
Leverage ratio
    9.01 %     8.48 %     7.38 %     7.88 %     7.06 %
Tier I risk-based capital ratio
    12.36       11.10       9.82       9.93       8.39  
Total risk-based capital ratio
    15.05       13.69       12.30       12.41       11.00  

All share amounts have been adjusted for the 5% stock distributions paid on June 27, 2008, and June 29, 2007.

 
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