Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net

Goodwill at the dates indicated was as follows:



	At September 30,				At December 31,
(in thousands)	2018		2017		2017
North America	$	95,677	$	95,781	$	95,755
Europe	39,404		40,038		39,896
Asia/Pacific	1,378		1,494		1,489
Total	$	136,459	$	137,313	$	137,140

Intangible assets, net, at the dates indicated were as follows:



	At September 30, 2018
	Gross					Net
	Carrying		Accumulated			Carrying
(in thousands)	Amount		Amortization			Amount
North America	$	30,715	$	(15,993	)	$	14,722
Europe	23,935		(13,200		)	10,735
Total	$	54,650	$	(29,193	)	$	25,457



	At September 30, 2017
	Gross					Net
(in thousands)	Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Carrying Amount
North America	$	33,923	$	(16,728	)	$	17,195
Europe	29,430		(16,575		)	12,855
Total	$	63,353	$	(33,303	)	$	30,050



	At December 31, 2017
	Gross					Net
(in thousands)	Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Carrying Amount
North America	$	30,775	$	(13,732	)	$	17,043
Europe	23,762		(11,479		)	12,283
Total	$	54,537	$	(25,211	)	$	29,326

Intangible assets consist of definite-lived and indefinite-lived assets. Definite-lived intangible assets include customer relationships, patents, unpatented technology and non-compete agreements. Amortization expense of definite-lived intangible assets during the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was $1.4 million and $1.5 million, respectively, and was $4.0 million and $4.7 million, during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The only indefinite-lived intangible asset, consisting of a trade name, totaled $0.6 million at September 30, 2018.

At September 30, 2018, the estimated future amortization of definite-lived intangible assets was as follows:



(in thousands)

Remaining three months of 2018	$	1,321
2019	5,278
2020	5,248
2021	4,768
2022	2,886
2023	2,082
Thereafter	3,258
	$	24,841

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill and intangible assets for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, were as follows:



				Intangible
(in thousands)	Goodwill			Assets
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	137,140		$	29,326
Reclassifications	—			220
Amortization	—			(3,981		)
Foreign exchange	(681		)	(108		)
Balance at September 30, 2018	$	136,459		$	25,457