Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Loss from Continuing Operations Before Benefit for Income Taxes

The following table summarizes the income (loss) from continuing operations before benefit (provision) for income taxes and share of net income from joint venture.


	Years Ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020
United States	$	(40,543)	$	(35,325)	$	(146,963)
Foreign	9,474		12,883		(5,125)
Loss from continuing operations before benefit (provision) for income taxes and share of net income from joint venture	$	(31,069)	$	(22,442)	$	(152,088)

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

The following table summarizes total income tax expense (benefit) recognized in each year.


	Years Ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Current taxes:
U.S. Federal	$	(545)	$	(19)	$	(299)
State	(625)		(615)		4,599
Foreign	4,576		3,014		2,250
Total current tax expense	3,406		2,380		6,550
Deferred taxes:
U.S. Federal	$	(6,245)	$	(8,421)	$	(10,368)
State	70		(1,099)		(5,368)
Foreign	(986)		(154)		(1,852)
U.S. federal, state and foreign valuation allowance	5,376		5,538		2,066
Total deferred tax benefit	(1,785)		(4,136)		(15,522)
Total income tax expense (benefit)	$	1,621	$	(1,756)	$	(8,972)

Reconciliation of Income Taxes Based on U.S. Federal Statutory Rate

The following table presents a reconciliation of income taxes based on the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate.


	Years Ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020
U.S federal statutory income tax rate	21.0	%	21.0	%	21.0	%
Change in valuation allowance, exclusive of state	(17.5)	%	(20.0)	%	(1.3)	%

State taxes, net of federal taxes, exclusive of tax reform	1.6	%	4.5	%	0.2	%
Non-U.S. earnings taxed at different rates	0.7	%	3.0	%	1.4	%

GILTI	(3.9)	%	(6.0)	%	(0.1)	%
Goodwill impairment	—	%	—	%	(12.7)	%
Deferred true-up	(6.4)	%	—	%	—	%


Research and development tax credit	1.5	%	2.3	%	0.4	%
Change in uncertain tax positions	—	%	0.7	%	2.2	%





CARES Act	—	%	—	%	2.7	%
Interest on CARES Act refund	1.8	%	—	%	—	%

Return to provision	1.3	%	0.8	%	(0.5)	%

Taxes on unremitted foreign earnings	(3.9)	%	2.0	%	(3.9)	%
Restructuring gain	—	%	—	%	(2.6)	%


Intercompany lending	(2.7)	%	(5.3)	%	—	%
Warrant revaluation	3.6	%	6.5	%	—	%
Other adjustments, net	(2.3)	%	(1.7)	%	(0.9)	%
Effective tax rate	(5.2)	%	7.8	%	5.9	%

Principal Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

The following table summarizes the principal components of the deferred tax assets and liabilities.


	As of December 31,
	2022		2021
Deferred income tax liabilities:
Tax in excess of book depreciation	$	24,045	$	25,732

Intangible assets	16,978		20,812


Operating leases	10,669		10,473
Interest rate swap	754		37
Taxes on unremitted foreign earnings	4,961		5,630
Other deferred tax liabilities	761		1,007
Total deferred income tax liabilities	58,168		63,691
Deferred income tax assets:
Interest expense limitation	10,723		7,141
Goodwill	22,277		24,262
Inventories	2,292		3,368
Section 174 research and development costs	1,859		—

Pension and personnel accruals	1,717		2,422
Operating leases	12,852		12,834
Net operating loss carryforwards	24,299		23,629


Credit carryforwards	2,803		3,044
Accruals and reserves	978		1,435
Other deferred tax assets	3,086		4,223
Deferred income tax assets before valuation allowance	82,886		82,358
Valuation allowance on deferred tax assets	(30,212)		(25,809)
Total deferred income tax assets	52,674		56,549
Net deferred income tax liabilities	$	5,494	$	7,142

Summary of Reconciliation of Beginning and Ending Amounts of Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Excluding Interest and Penalties

The following table presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties.


	Years Ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Balance at beginning of year	$	125	$	247	$	2,589
Additions for tax positions of prior years	—		—		121

Reductions for tax positions of prior years	(7)		(122)		(2,463)
Balance at end of year	$	118	$	125	$	247