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   &lt;!-- Begin Block Tagged Note 17 - us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock--&gt;
   &lt;div style="font-family: Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 12pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;17 Commitments and contingencies&lt;/b&gt;
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;a) &lt;/b&gt;In connection with a tax-advantaged lease financing arrangement sponsored by the French
   Government, we provided certain guarantees on December&amp;#160;30, 2004 on behalf of Vale New Caledonia
   S.A.S. (VNC)&amp;#160;pursuant to which we guaranteed payments due from VNC of up to a maximum amount of
   US$100 (&amp;#8220;Maximum Amount&amp;#8221;) in connection with an indemnity. This guarantee was provided to BNP
   Paribas for the benefit of the tax investors of GniFi, the special purpose vehicle which owns a
   portion of the assets in our nickel cobalt processing plant in New Caledonia (&amp;#8220;Girardin
   Assets&amp;#8221;). We also provided an additional guarantee covering the payments due from VNC of (a)
   amounts exceeding the Maximum Amount in connection with the indemnity and (b)&amp;#160;certain other
   amounts payable by VNC under a lease agreement covering the Girardin Assets. This guarantee was
   provided to BNP Paribas for the benefit of GniFi.
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;Another commitment incorporated in the tax-advantaged lease financing arrangement was that the
   Girardin Assets would be substantially complete by December&amp;#160;31, 2009. In light of the delay in
   the start up of VNC processing facilities the December&amp;#160;31, 2009 substantially complete date was
   not met. Management proposed an extension to the substantially complete date from December&amp;#160;31,
   2009 to December&amp;#160;31, 2010. Both the French government authorities and the tax investors have
   agreed to this extension, although a signed waiver has not yet been received from the tax
   investors. The French tax authorities issued their signed extension on March&amp;#160;12, 2010.
   Accordingly the benefits of the financing structure are fully expected to be maintained and we
   anticipate that there will be no recapture of the tax advantages provided under this financing
   structure.
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;In 2009, two new bank guarantees totaling US$53 (&amp;#8364;43) as at June&amp;#160;30, 2010 were established by us
   on behalf of VNC in favor of the South Province of New Caledonia in order to guarantee the
   performance of VNC with respect to certain environmental obligations in relation to the
   metallurgical plant and the Kwe West residue storage facility.
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;Sumic Nickel Netherlands B.V. (&amp;#8220;Sumic&amp;#8221;), a 21% stockholder of VNC, has a put option to sell to
   us 25%, 50%, or 100% of the shares they own of VNC. The put option can be exercised if the
   defined cost of the initial nickel-cobalt development project, as measured by funding provided
   to VNC, in natural currencies and converted to U.S. dollars at specified rates of exchange, in
   the form of Girardin funding, shareholder loans and equity contributions by stockholders to VNC,
   exceeded $4.2&amp;#160;billion and an agreement cannot be reached on how to proceed with the project. On
   February&amp;#160;15, 2010, we formally amended our agreement with Sumic to increase the threshold to
   approximately $4.6&amp;#160;billion at specified rates of exchange. On May&amp;#160;27, 2010 the threshold was
   reached and we are currently discussing with Sumic an extension of the put option date into the
   first half of 2011.
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;We provided a guarantee covering certain termination payments due from VNC to the supplier under
   an electricity supply agreement (&amp;#8220;ESA&amp;#8221;) entered into in October&amp;#160;2004 for the VNC project. The
   amount of the termination payments guaranteed depends upon a number of factors, including
   whether any termination of the ESA is a result of a default by VNC and the date on which an
   early termination of the ESA were to occur. During the first quarter of 2010 the supply of
   electricity under the ESA to the project began, and the guaranteed amount now decreases over the
   life of the ESA from its maximum amount. As at June&amp;#160;30, 2010 the guarantee was US$160 (Euro
   131).
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;In February&amp;#160;2009, we and our subsidiary, Vale Newfoundland and Labrador Limited (&amp;#8220;VNL&amp;#8221;), entered
   into a fourth amendment to the Voisey&amp;#8217;s Bay Development agreement with the Government of
   Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, that permitted VNL to ship up to 55,000 metric tonnes of
   nickel concentrate from the Voisey&amp;#8217;s Bay area mines. As part of the agreement, VNL agreed to
   provide the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador financial assurance in the form of letters
   of credit each in the amount of Canadian US$16 (CAD$16) for each shipment of nickel concentrate
   shipped out of the province from January&amp;#160;1, 2009 to August&amp;#160;31, 2009. The amount of this
   financial assurance was Canadian US$110 (CAD$112) based on seven shipments of nickel concentrate
   and as of June&amp;#160;30, 2010, US$11 (CAD$11) remains outstanding.
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;As at June&amp;#160;30, 2010, there was an additional US$108 in letters of credit issued and outstanding
   pursuant to our syndicate revolving credit facility, as well as an additional US$40 of letters
   of credit and US$42 in bank guarantees that were issued and outstanding. These are associated
   with environmental reclamation and other operating associated items such as insurance,
   electricity commitments and import and export duties.
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;b) &lt;/b&gt;We and our subsidiaries are defendants in numerous legal actions in the normal course of
   business. Based on the advice of our legal counsel, management believes that the amounts
   recognized are sufficient to cover probable losses in connection with such actions.
   &lt;/div&gt;
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   &lt;div align="right" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 12pt"&gt;
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;The provision for contingencies and the related judicial deposits are composed as follows:
   &lt;/div&gt;
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       &lt;td width="1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="5%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="5%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="5%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="5%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="5%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="5%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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   &lt;tr style="font-size: 8pt" valign="bottom"&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="right" colspan="6" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30, 2010 (unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="right" colspan="6" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31, 2009&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="right" colspan="2"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Provision for&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="right" colspan="2"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Judicial&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="right" colspan="2"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Provision for&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="right" colspan="2"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Judicial&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="right" colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&lt;b&gt;contingencies&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="right" colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&lt;b&gt;deposits&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="right" colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&lt;b&gt;contingencies&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="right" colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&lt;b&gt;deposits&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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   &lt;tr valign="bottom" style="background: #cceeff"&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;
   &lt;div style="margin-left:15px; text-indent:-15px"&gt;Labor and social security claims
   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;703&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;713&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;657&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;657&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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       &lt;td&gt;
   &lt;div style="margin-left:15px; text-indent:-15px"&gt;Civil claims
   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;646&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;363&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;582&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;307&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
   &lt;/tr&gt;
   &lt;tr valign="bottom" style="background: #cceeff"&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;
   &lt;div style="margin-left:15px; text-indent:-15px"&gt;Tax &amp;#8212; related actions
   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;595&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;328&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;489&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;175&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
   &lt;/tr&gt;
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       &lt;td&gt;
   &lt;div style="margin-left:15px; text-indent:-15px"&gt;Others
   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;23&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;6&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;35&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;4&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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   &lt;tr style="font-size: 1px"&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;
   &lt;div style="margin-left:15px; text-indent:-15px"&gt;&amp;#160;
   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2" align="right" style="border-top: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2" align="right" style="border-top: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2" align="right" style="border-top: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2" align="right" style="border-top: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
   &lt;/tr&gt;
   &lt;tr valign="bottom" style="background: #cceeff"&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;
   &lt;div style="margin-left:15px; text-indent:-15px"&gt;&amp;#160;
   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;1,967&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;1,410&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;1,763&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;1,143&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
   &lt;/tr&gt;
   &lt;tr style="font-size: 1px"&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;
   &lt;div style="margin-left:15px; text-indent:-15px"&gt;&amp;#160;
   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
           &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2" align="right" style="border-top: 3px double #000000"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
           &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2" align="right" style="border-top: 3px double #000000"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
           &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2" align="right" style="border-top: 3px double #000000"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
           &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2" align="right" style="border-top: 3px double #000000"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
   &lt;/tr&gt;
   &lt;!-- End Table Body --&gt;
   &lt;/table&gt;
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;Labor and social security &amp;#8212; related actions principally comprise of claims by Brazilian
   employees and former employees for (i)&amp;#160;payment of time spent traveling from their residences to
   the work-place, (ii)&amp;#160;additional health and safety related payments and (iii)&amp;#160;various other
   matters, often in connection with disputes about the amount of indemnities paid upon dismissal
   and the one-third extra holiday pay.
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;Civil &amp;#8212; actions principally related to claims made against us by contractors in Brazil in
   connection with losses alleged to have been incurred by them as a result of various past
   Government economic plans during which full inflation indexation of contracts was not permitted,
   as well, as for accidents and land appropriation disputes.
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;Tax &amp;#8212; tax-related actions principally comprise of challenges initiated by us, on certain taxes
   on revenues and uncertain tax positions. We continue to vigorously pursue our interests in all
   the above actions but recognize that we probably will incur some losses in the final instance,
   for which we have made provisions.
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;Judicial deposits are made by us following the court requirements, in order to be entitled to
   either initiate or continue a legal action. These amounts are released to us, upon receipt of a
   final favorable outcome from the legal action; in the case of an unfavorable outcome, the
   deposits are transferred to the prevailing party.
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;Contingencies settled during the three-month periods ended June&amp;#160;30, 2010, March&amp;#160;31, 2010 and
   June&amp;#160;30, 2009, totaled US$61, US$55, US$39, respectively. Provisions recognized in the
   three-month periods ended June&amp;#160;30, 2010, March&amp;#160;31, 2010 and June&amp;#160;30, 2009, totaled US$101,
   US$70, US$73, respectively, classified as other operating expenses.
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;In addition to the contingencies for which we have made provisions, we are defendants in claims
   where in our opinion, and based on the advice of our legal counsel, the likelihood of loss is
   possible but not probable, in the total amount of US$3,984 at June&amp;#160;30, 2010, and for which no
   provision has been made (December&amp;#160;31, 2009 &amp;#8212; US$4,190).
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;c) &lt;/b&gt;At the time of our privatization in 1997, the Company issued debentures to its then-existing
   stockholders, including the Brazilian Government. The terms of the debentures, were set to
   ensure that the pre-privatization stockholders, including the Brazilian Government would
   participate in possible future financial benefits that could be obtained from exploiting certain
   mineral resources.
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;A total of 388,559,056 Debentures were issued at a par value of R$ 0.01 (one cent), whose value
   will be restated in accordance with the variation in the General Market Price Index (IGP-M), as
   set forth in the Issue Deed.
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;The debentures holders has the right to receive premiums, paid semiannually, equivalent to a
   percentage of net revenues from specific mine resources as set forth in the indenture.
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;In April&amp;#160;2010 we paid remuneration on these debentures of US$ 5.
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;d) Assets retirement obligations
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;We use various judgments and assumptions when measuring our asset retirement obligations.
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;Changes in circumstances, law or technology may affect our estimates and we periodically review
   the amounts accrued and adjust them as necessary. Our accruals do not reflect unasserted claims
   because we are currently not aware of any such issues. Also the amounts provided are not reduced
   by any potential recoveries under cost sharing, insurance or indemnification arrangements
   because such recoveries are considered uncertain.
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;!-- Folio --&gt;
   &lt;!-- /Folio --&gt;
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;!-- PAGEBREAK --&gt;
   &lt;div style="font-family: Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"&gt;
   &lt;div align="right" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 12pt"&gt;
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="left" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 6pt; margin-left: 2%"&gt;The changes in the provisions for asset retirement obligations are as follows:
   &lt;/div&gt;
   &lt;div align="center"&gt;
   &lt;table style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"&gt;
   &lt;!-- Begin Table Head --&gt;
   &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
       &lt;td width="40%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="5%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="5%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="5%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="5%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="5%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="5%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="5%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="5%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="5%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="5%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td width="1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
   &lt;/tr&gt;
   &lt;tr style="font-size: 8pt" valign="bottom"&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="right" colspan="6"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Six-month period ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
   &lt;/tr&gt;
   &lt;tr style="font-size: 8pt" valign="bottom"&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="right" colspan="10" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three-month period ended (unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="right" colspan="6" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
   &lt;/tr&gt;
   &lt;tr style="font-size: 8pt" valign="bottom"&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="right" colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30, 2010&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="right" colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&lt;b&gt;March 31, 2010&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="right" colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30, 2009&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="right" colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30, 2010&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="right" colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30, 2009&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
   &lt;/tr&gt;
   &lt;!-- End Table Head --&gt;
   &lt;!-- Begin Table Body --&gt;
   &lt;tr valign="bottom" style="background: #cceeff"&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;
   &lt;div style="margin-left:15px; text-indent:-15px"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Beginning of period&lt;/b&gt;
   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;1,129&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;1,116&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;877&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;1,116&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;887&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
   &lt;/tr&gt;
   &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;
   &lt;div style="margin-left:15px; text-indent:-15px"&gt;Accretion expense
   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;31&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;27&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;15&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;58&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;21&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
   &lt;/tr&gt;
   &lt;tr valign="bottom" style="background: #cceeff"&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;
   &lt;div style="margin-left:15px; text-indent:-15px"&gt;Liabilities settled in the current period
   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;(2&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;(8&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;(15&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;(10&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;(18&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
   &lt;/tr&gt;
   &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;
   &lt;div style="margin-left:15px; text-indent:-15px"&gt;Revisions in estimated cash flows (*)
   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;28&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;(2&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;26&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;(9&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
   &lt;/tr&gt;
   &lt;tr valign="bottom" style="background: #cceeff"&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;
   &lt;div style="margin-left:15px; text-indent:-15px"&gt;Cumulative translation adjustment
   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;(24&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;(4&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;122&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" align="left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;(28&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;118&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
   &lt;/tr&gt;
   &lt;tr style="font-size: 1px"&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;
   &lt;div style="margin-left:15px; text-indent:-15px"&gt;&amp;#160;
   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2" align="right" style="border-top: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2" align="right" style="border-top: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2" align="right" style="border-top: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2" align="right" style="border-top: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2" align="right" style="border-top: 1px solid #000000"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
   &lt;/tr&gt;
   &lt;tr valign="bottom"&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;
   &lt;div style="margin-left:15px; text-indent:-15px"&gt;&lt;b&gt;End of period&lt;/b&gt;
   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;1,162&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;1,129&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;999&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;1,162&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td align="right"&gt;&lt;b&gt;999&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
   &lt;/tr&gt;
   &lt;tr style="font-size: 1px"&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;
   &lt;div style="margin-left:15px; text-indent:-15px"&gt;&amp;#160;
   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
       &lt;td nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2" align="right" style="border-top: 3px double #000000"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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       &lt;td&gt;Includes $ 44 for the purchase of Fosf&amp;#233;rtil and Vale Fosfatados S.A.&lt;/td&gt;
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