Label	Element	Value
Risk/Return:	rr_RiskReturnAbstract
Registrant Name	dei_EntityRegistrantName	NORTHERN FUNDS
Prospectus Date	rr_ProspectusDate	Jun. 01, 2020
NORTHERN GLOBAL SUSTAINABILITY INDEX FUND
Risk/Return:	rr_RiskReturnAbstract
Risk/Return [Heading]	rr_RiskReturnHeading	GLOBAL SUSTAINABILITY INDEX FUND
Objective [Heading]	rr_ObjectiveHeading	INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
Objective, Primary [Text Block]	rr_ObjectivePrimaryTextBlock	The Fund seeks to provide investment results approximating the overall performance of the securities included in the MSCI World ESG Leaders IndexSM.
Expense [Heading]	rr_ExpenseHeading	FEES AND EXPENSES OF THE FUND
Expense Narrative [Text Block]	rr_ExpenseNarrativeTextBlock	This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund.
Shareholder Fees Caption [Text]	rr_ShareholderFeesCaption	Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)
Operating Expenses Caption [Text]	rr_OperatingExpensesCaption	Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)
Fee Waiver or Reimbursement over Assets, Date of Termination	rr_FeeWaiverOrReimbursementOverAssetsDateOfTermination	July 31, 2021
Portfolio Turnover [Heading]	rr_PortfolioTurnoverHeading	PORTFOLIO TURNOVER.
Portfolio Turnover [Text Block]	rr_PortfolioTurnoverTextBlock	The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual portfolio operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 9.10% of the average value of its portfolio.
Portfolio Turnover, Rate	rr_PortfolioTurnoverRate	9.10%
Other Expenses, New Fund, Based on Estimates [Text]	rr_OtherExpensesNewFundBasedOnEstimates	“Other Expenses” are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.
Expenses Restated to Reflect Current [Text]	rr_ExpensesRestatedToReflectCurrent	Expenses have been restated to reflect current fees.
Expense Example [Heading]	rr_ExpenseExampleHeading	EXAMPLE
Expense Example Narrative [Text Block]	rr_ExpenseExampleNarrativeTextBlock	The following Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in Class K shares and Class I shares of the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Class K shares or Class I shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
Strategy [Heading]	rr_StrategyHeading	PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
Strategy Narrative [Text Block]	rr_StrategyNarrativeTextBlock	Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest substantially all (and at least 80%) of its net assets in equity securities included in the MSCI World ESG Leaders IndexSM, in weightings that approximate the relative composition of the securities contained in the MSCI World ESG Leaders Index. The MSCI World ESG Leaders Index is a capitalization weighted index that provides exposure to companies with high Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) performance relative to their sector peers. MSCI World ESG Leaders Index is constructed by aggregating the following regional indexes: MSCI Pacific ESG Leaders Index, MSCI Europe & Middle East ESG Leaders Index, MSCI Canada ESG Leaders Index and MSCI USA ESG Leaders Index. The parent index is the MSCI World Index, which consists of large and mid-cap companies in the following 23 Developed Market Countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States. As of April 30, 2020, the MSCI World ESG Leaders Index comprised of 777 issuers, and the market capitalization of the companies in the MSCI World ESG Leaders Index was between $800 million and $1.367 trillion. It is rebalanced quarterly. The ESG Leaders Indexes target sector and region weights consistent with those of the underlying indexes to limit the systematic risk introduced by the ESG selection process. The methodology aims to include securities of companies with the highest ESG ratings representing 50% of the market capitalization in each sector and region of the parent Index. Companies that are not existing constituents of the ESG Leaders Indexes must have an MSCI ESG Rating of ‘BB’ or above and the MSCI ESG Controversies Score of 3 or above to be eligible. In addition, companies showing involvement in alcohol, gambling, tobacco, nuclear power and weapons are excluded from the Indexes. The selection universe for The ESG Leaders Indexes is the constituents of the MSCI Global Investable Market Indexes. The Fund’s benchmark index will be rebalanced as described above under normal market conditions. During periods of market disruption or other abnormal market conditions, the rebalancing or reconstitution of the Fund’s benchmark index may be delayed. The Fund is passively managed, which means it tries to duplicate the investment composition and performance of the MSCI World ESG Leaders Index using computer programs and statistical procedures. NTI will buy and sell securities in response to changes in the MSCI World ESG Leaders Index. The Fund will have fees and transaction expenses while the MSCI World ESG Leaders Index has none. Therefore, the Fund’s returns may be below those of the MSCI World ESG Leaders Index. The Fund invests in substantially all of the securities in the MSCI World ESG Leaders Index in approximately the same proportions as the index (i.e., replication). The proportions of the Fund’s assets allocated to each country will approximate and vary with the relative country weights and countries included in the MSCI World ESG Leaders Index. NTI expects that, under normal circumstances, the quarterly performance of the Fund, before expenses, will track the performance of the MSCI World ESG Leaders Index within a 0.95 correlation coefficient. Morgan Stanley Capital International, Inc. (“MSCI”) does not endorse any of the securities in the MSCI World ESG Leaders Index. It is not a sponsor of the Global Sustainability Index Fund and is not affiliated with the Fund in any way.
Risk [Heading]	rr_RiskHeading	PRINCIPAL RISKS
Risk Narrative [Text Block]	rr_RiskNarrativeTextBlock	As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the Fund, and the Fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The Fund is subject to certain risks, including the principal risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), total return and ability to meet its investment objective. Each risk noted below is considered a principal risk of investing in the Fund, regardless of the order in which it appears. The significance of each risk may change over time and you should review each risk factor carefully. MARKET RISK is the risk that the value of the Fund’s investments may increase or decrease in response to expected, real or perceived economic, political or financial events in the U.S. or global markets. The frequency and magnitude of such changes in value cannot be predicted. Certain securities and other investments held by the Fund may experience increased volatility, illiquidity, or other potentially adverse effects in response to changing market conditions, inflation, changes in interest rates, lack of liquidity in the bond or equity markets, volatility in the equity markets, market disruptions caused by local or regional events such as war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious illness (including epidemics and pandemics) or other public health issues, recessions or other events or adverse investor sentiment or other political, regulatory, economic and social developments that impact specific economic sectors, industries or segments of the market. These risks may be magnified if certain events or developments adversely interrupt the global supply chain; in these or other circumstances, such risks might affect companies worldwide due to increasingly interconnected global economies and financial markets. SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE INVESTMENT RISK is the risk that the socially responsible investment policies of the MSCI World ESG Leaders Index may restrict the investments available to the Fund. This may affect the Fund’s exposure to certain companies or industries and cause the Fund to forego certain investment opportunities. This could cause the Fund to underperform similar funds that do not have a social responsibility objective. The Fund seeks to identify companies that it believes may have a societal impact outcome, but investors may differ in their views of what constitutes positive or negative societal impact outcomes. The Fund may invest in companies that do not reflect the beliefs of any particular investor. FOREIGN SECURITIES RISK is the risk that investing in foreign (non-U.S.) securities may result in the Fund experiencing more rapid and extreme changes in value than a fund that invests exclusively in securities of U.S. companies, due to less liquid markets and adverse economic, political, diplomatic, financial, and regulatory factors. Foreign governments also may impose limits on investment and repatriation and impose taxes. Any of these events could cause the value of the Fund’s investments to decline. To the extent that the Fund’s assets are concentrated in a single country or geographic region, the Fund will be subject to the risks associated with that particular country or region. CURRENCY RISK is the risk that foreign currencies, securities that trade in or receive revenues in foreign currencies, or derivatives that provide exposure to foreign currencies will fluctuate in value relative to the U.S. dollar, adversely affecting the value of the Fund’s investments and its returns. Because the Fund’s NAV is determined on the basis of U.S. dollars, you may lose money if the local currency of a foreign market depreciates against the U.S. dollar, even if the market value of the Fund’s holdings appreciates. In addition, fluctuations in the exchange values of currencies could affect the economy or particular business operations of companies in a geographic region in which the Fund invests, causing an adverse impact on the Fund’s investments in the affected region. DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS RISK. Foreign securities may trade in the form of depositary receipts. In addition to investment risks associated with the underlying issuer, depositary receipts may expose the Fund to additional risks associated with non-uniform terms that apply to depositary receipt programs, including credit exposure to the depository bank and to the sponsors and other parties with whom the depository bank establishes the programs, currency, political, economic, market risks and the risk of an illiquid market for depositary receipts. Depositary receipts are generally subject to the same risks as the foreign securities that they evidence or into which they may be converted. Depositary receipts may not track the price of the underlying foreign securities on which they are based, may have limited voting rights, and may have a distribution subject to a fee charged by the depository. As a result, equity shares of the underlying issuer may trade at a discount or premium to the market price of the depositary receipts. FOREIGN CUSTODY RISK. The Fund may hold foreign securities and cash with foreign banks, agents, and securities depositories appointed by the Fund’s custodian (each a “Foreign Custodian”). Some Foreign Custodians may be recently organized or new to the foreign custody business. In some countries, Foreign Custodians may be subject to little or no regulatory oversight over or independent evaluation of their operations. Further, the laws of certain countries may place limitations on the Fund’s ability to recover its assets if a Foreign Custodian enters bankruptcy. Investments in emerging markets may be subject to even greater custody risks than investments in more developed markets. Custody services in emerging market countries are very often undeveloped and may be considerably less well-regulated than in more developed countries, and thus may not afford the same level of investor protection as would apply in developed countries. TRACKING RISK is the risk that the Fund’s performance may vary substantially from the performance of the benchmark index it tracks as a result of share purchases and redemptions, transaction costs, expenses and other factors. MANAGEMENT RISK is the risk that a strategy used by the Fund’s investment adviser may fail to produce the intended results or that imperfections, errors or limitations in the tools and data used by the investment adviser may cause unintended results. CYBERSECURITY RISK is the risk of an unauthorized breach and access to Fund assets, Fund or customer data (including private shareholder information), or proprietary information, or the risk of an incident occurring that causes the Fund, the investment adviser, custodian, transfer agent, distributor and other service providers and financial intermediaries to suffer data breaches, data corruption or lose operational functionality or prevent Fund investors from purchasing, redeeming or exchanging shares or receiving distributions. The Fund and its investment adviser have limited ability to prevent or mitigate cybersecurity incidents affecting third party service providers, and such third-party service providers may have limited indemnification obligations to the Fund or its investment adviser. Successful cyber-attacks or other cyber-failures or events affecting the Fund or its service providers may adversely impact and cause financial losses to the Fund or its shareholders. GEOGRAPHIC AND SECTOR RISK is the risk that if the Fund invests a significant portion of its total assets in certain issuers within the same state, geographic region or economic sector, an adverse economic, business or political development affecting that region or sector may affect the value of the Fund’s investments more, and its investments may be more volatile, than if the Fund’s investments were not so concentrated in such geographic region or economic sector. LARGE CAP STOCK RISK is the risk that large-capitalization stocks as a group could fall out of favor with the market, causing the Fund to underperform investments that focus solely on small- or medium-capitalization stocks. In addition, larger companies may grow more slowly or be slower to respond to business developments than smaller companies. LARGE SHAREHOLDER RISK is the risk that the Fund may experience adverse effects when certain large shareholders, including funds or accounts over which the Fund’s investment adviser or an affiliate of the investment adviser has investment discretion, purchase or redeem large amounts of shares of the Fund. Such large shareholder redemptions, which may occur rapidly and unexpectedly, may cause the Fund to sell its securities at times it would not otherwise do so, which may negatively impact its liquidity and/or NAV. Such sales may also accelerate the increase of taxable income to shareholders if these sales result in gains, and may also increase transaction costs. In addition, large redemptions could lead to an increase in the Fund’s expense ratio due to expenses being allocated over a smaller asset base. Large share purchases of the Fund may adversely affect the Fund’s performance to the extent that the Fund is delayed in investing or otherwise maintains a larger cash position than it ordinarily would. MID CAP STOCK RISK is the risk that stocks of mid-sized companies may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than stocks of larger, more established companies. Mid-sized companies may have limited product lines or financial resources, and may be dependent upon a particular niche of the market. As with any mutual fund, it is possible to lose money on an investment in the Fund. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit of any bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, any other government agency, or The Northern Trust Company, its affiliates, subsidiaries or any other bank.
Risk Lose Money [Text]	rr_RiskLoseMoney	As with any mutual fund, it is possible to lose money on an investment in the Fund.
Risk Not Insured Depository Institution [Text]	rr_RiskNotInsuredDepositoryInstitution	An investment in the Fund is not a deposit of any bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, any other government agency, or The Northern Trust Company, its affiliates, subsidiaries or any other bank.
Bar Chart and Performance Table [Heading]	rr_BarChartAndPerformanceTableHeading	FUND PERFORMANCE
Performance Narrative [Text Block]	rr_PerformanceNarrativeTextBlock	The bar chart and table below show the performance of the Fund’s Shares Class. Effective July 31, 2020, Class K shares and Class I shares will replace the Shares Class. As of the date of this Prospectus, there were no Class K shares or Class I shares outstanding for the Fund. The bar chart and table that follow provide an indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing: (A) changes in the performance of the Fund’s Shares Class from year to year and (B) how the average annual total returns of the Fund’s Shares Class compare to those of a broad-based securities market index. The performance of the Shares Class has not been adjusted to reflect the expenses applicable to Class K shares or Class I shares since the classes have different expense ratios than the expense ratio of the Shares Class. Excluding the effect of any fee waivers or reimbursements, the performance of Class K shares and Class I shares would have annual returns substantially similar to those of Shares Class because the classes invest in the same portfolio of securities. Returns would only differ to the extent of the differences in expenses between the classes. In addition to the Return Before Taxes, Return After Taxes is shown for the Fund’s Shares Class to illustrate the effect of federal taxes on Fund returns. The Fund’s past performance, before and after taxes, is not necessarily an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information for the Fund is available and may be obtained on the Fund’s website at northerntrust.com/funds or by calling 800-595-9111.
Performance Information Illustrates Variability of Returns [Text]	rr_PerformanceInformationIllustratesVariabilityOfReturns	The bar chart and table that follow provide an indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing: (A) changes in the performance of the Fund’s Shares Class from year to year and (B) how the average annual total returns of the Fund’s Shares Class compare to those of a broad-based securities market index.
Performance Availability Phone [Text]	rr_PerformanceAvailabilityPhone	800-595-9111
Performance Availability Website Address [Text]	rr_PerformanceAvailabilityWebSiteAddress	northerntrust.com/funds
Performance Past Does Not Indicate Future [Text]	rr_PerformancePastDoesNotIndicateFuture	The Fund’s past performance, before and after taxes, is not necessarily an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future.
Bar Chart [Heading]	rr_BarChartHeading	CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURN (SHARES CLASS)*
Bar Chart Closing [Text Block]	rr_BarChartClosingTextBlock	* Year to date total return for the three months ended March 31, 2020 is (19.60)%. For the period shown in the bar chart above, the highest quarterly return was 14.00% in the third quarter of 2010, and the lowest quarterly return was (16.40)% in the third quarter of 2011.
Performance Table Heading	rr_PerformanceTableHeading	AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURN (For the periods ended December 31, 2019)
Performance Table Uses Highest Federal Rate	rr_PerformanceTableUsesHighestFederalRate	After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes.
Performance Table Not Relevant to Tax Deferred	rr_PerformanceTableNotRelevantToTaxDeferred	Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.
Performance Table One Class of after Tax Shown [Text]	rr_PerformanceTableOneClassOfAfterTaxShown	Returns in the table above are shown for the Shares Class. For periods after July 31, 2020, returns for Class K shares and Class I shares will be shown. After-tax returns for Class K shares and Class I shares will vary.
Performance Table Narrative	rr_PerformanceTableNarrativeTextBlock	Returns in the table above are shown for the Shares Class. For periods after July 31, 2020, returns for Class K shares and Class I shares will be shown. After-tax returns for Class K shares and Class I shares will vary. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. In calculating the federal income taxes due on redemptions, capital gains taxes resulting from redemptions are subtracted from the redemption proceeds and the tax benefits from capital losses resulting from the redemptions are added to the redemption proceeds.
NORTHERN GLOBAL SUSTAINABILITY INDEX FUND | Class K
Risk/Return:	rr_RiskReturnAbstract
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of offering price)	rr_MaximumSalesChargeImposedOnPurchasesOverOfferingPrice	none
Redemption Fee (within 30 days of purchase) (as a percentage of amount redeemed, if applicable)	rr_RedemptionFeeOverRedemption	2.00%
Management Fees	rr_ManagementFeesOverAssets	0.18%	[1]
Other Expenses	rr_OtherExpensesOverAssets	0.07%	[1],[2]
Transfer Agent Fees	rr_Component1OtherExpensesOverAssets	0.04%	[1]
Service Fees	rr_Component2OtherExpensesOverAssets	none	[1]
Other Operating Expenses	rr_Component3OtherExpensesOverAssets	0.03%	[1]
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses	rr_ExpensesOverAssets	0.25%	[1]
Expense Reimbursement	rr_FeeWaiverOrReimbursementOverAssets	none	[1],[3]
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Expense Reimbursement	rr_NetExpensesOverAssets	0.25%	[1]
1 Year	rr_ExpenseExampleYear01	$ 26
3 Years	rr_ExpenseExampleYear03	80
5 Years	rr_ExpenseExampleYear05	141
10 Years	rr_ExpenseExampleYear10	$ 318
NORTHERN GLOBAL SUSTAINABILITY INDEX FUND | Class I
Risk/Return:	rr_RiskReturnAbstract
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of offering price)	rr_MaximumSalesChargeImposedOnPurchasesOverOfferingPrice	none
Redemption Fee (within 30 days of purchase) (as a percentage of amount redeemed, if applicable)	rr_RedemptionFeeOverRedemption	2.00%
Management Fees	rr_ManagementFeesOverAssets	0.18%	[1]
Other Expenses	rr_OtherExpensesOverAssets	0.12%	[1],[2]
Transfer Agent Fees	rr_Component1OtherExpensesOverAssets	0.04%	[1]
Service Fees	rr_Component2OtherExpensesOverAssets	0.05%	[1]
Other Operating Expenses	rr_Component3OtherExpensesOverAssets	0.03%	[1]
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses	rr_ExpensesOverAssets	0.30%	[1]
Expense Reimbursement	rr_FeeWaiverOrReimbursementOverAssets	none	[1],[3]
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Expense Reimbursement	rr_NetExpensesOverAssets	0.30%	[1]
1 Year	rr_ExpenseExampleYear01	$ 31
3 Years	rr_ExpenseExampleYear03	97
5 Years	rr_ExpenseExampleYear05	169
10 Years	rr_ExpenseExampleYear10	$ 381
NORTHERN GLOBAL SUSTAINABILITY INDEX FUND | Shares Class
Risk/Return:	rr_RiskReturnAbstract
2010	rr_AnnualReturn2010	10.43%
2011	rr_AnnualReturn2011	(5.68%)
2012	rr_AnnualReturn2012	15.15%
2013	rr_AnnualReturn2013	27.28%
2014	rr_AnnualReturn2014	4.56%
2015	rr_AnnualReturn2015	(0.87%)
2016	rr_AnnualReturn2016	7.52%
2017	rr_AnnualReturn2017	21.20%
2018	rr_AnnualReturn2018	(7.62%)
2019	rr_AnnualReturn2019	28.28%
Year to Date Return, Label	rr_YearToDateReturnLabel	Year to date total return
Bar Chart, Year to Date Return, Date	rr_BarChartYearToDateReturnDate	Mar. 31, 2020
Bar Chart, Year to Date Return	rr_BarChartYearToDateReturn	(19.60%)
Highest Quarterly Return, Label	rr_HighestQuarterlyReturnLabel	highest quarterly return
Highest Quarterly Return, Date	rr_BarChartHighestQuarterlyReturnDate	Sep. 30, 2010
Highest Quarterly Return	rr_BarChartHighestQuarterlyReturn	14.00%
Lowest Quarterly Return, Label	rr_LowestQuarterlyReturnLabel	lowest quarterly return
Lowest Quarterly Return, Date	rr_BarChartLowestQuarterlyReturnDate	Sep. 30, 2011
Lowest Quarterly Return	rr_BarChartLowestQuarterlyReturn	(16.40%)
1-Year	rr_AverageAnnualReturnYear01	28.28%
5-Years	rr_AverageAnnualReturnYear05	8.89%
10-Years	rr_AverageAnnualReturnYear10	9.35%
Since Inception	rr_AverageAnnualReturnSinceInception	6.40%
Inception Date	rr_AverageAnnualReturnInceptionDate	Mar. 05, 2008
NORTHERN GLOBAL SUSTAINABILITY INDEX FUND | Returns after taxes on distributions | Shares Class
Risk/Return:	rr_RiskReturnAbstract
1-Year	rr_AverageAnnualReturnYear01	27.47%
5-Years	rr_AverageAnnualReturnYear05	7.97%
10-Years	rr_AverageAnnualReturnYear10	8.72%
Since Inception	rr_AverageAnnualReturnSinceInception	5.83%
NORTHERN GLOBAL SUSTAINABILITY INDEX FUND | Returns after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares | Shares Class
Risk/Return:	rr_RiskReturnAbstract
1-Year	rr_AverageAnnualReturnYear01	17.31%
5-Years	rr_AverageAnnualReturnYear05	6.80%
10-Years	rr_AverageAnnualReturnYear10	7.57%
Since Inception	rr_AverageAnnualReturnSinceInception	5.08%
NORTHERN GLOBAL SUSTAINABILITY INDEX FUND | MSCI World ESG Leaders Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)
Risk/Return:	rr_RiskReturnAbstract
1-Year	rr_AverageAnnualReturnYear01	28.15%
5-Years	rr_AverageAnnualReturnYear05	8.68%
10-Years	rr_AverageAnnualReturnYear10	9.29%
Since Inception	rr_AverageAnnualReturnSinceInception	6.48%

[1] Expenses have been restated to reflect current fees.

[2] “Other Expenses” are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.

[3] Northern Trust Investments, Inc. has contractually agreed to reimburse a portion of the operating expenses of the Fund (other than certain excepted expenses, i.e., Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, service fees, the compensation paid to each Independent Trustee of the Trust, expenses of third party consultants engaged by the Board of Trustees, membership dues paid to the Investment Company Institute and Mutual Fund Directors Forum, expenses in connection with the negotiation and renewal of the revolving credit facility, extraordinary expenses and interest) to the extent the “Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses” exceed 0.25%. The “Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Expense Reimbursement” may be higher than the contractual limitation as a result of certain Fund expenses, including but not limited to service fees, that are not reimbursed. This contractual limitation may not be terminated before July 31, 2021 without the approval of the Board of Trustees.