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Stockholders' Equity and Stock-Based Compensation
12 Months Ended
Dec. 28, 2013
Stockholders' Equity and Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]  
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY AND STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY AND STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

On November 26, 2013 a special meeting of the stockholders was held and a proposal to approve an amendment to Darling's restated certificate of incorporation, as amended, to increase the total number of authorized shares of common stock, par value $0.01, from 150,000,000 to 250,000,000 was approved.

On December 18, 2013, the Company offered and closed on the sale of 46,000,000 shares of its common stock at a price to the public of $19.00 per share, pursuant to an underwriting agreement dated December 12, 2013. The Company used the net proceeds of approximately $840.5 million to pay for a portion of the VION Acquisition, which closed on January 7, 2014.

On January 27, 2011, the Company entered into an underwritten public offering for 24,193,548 shares of its common stock, at a price to the public of $12.70 per share, pursuant to an effective shelf registration statement. The offering closed on February 2, 2011. In addition, certain former stockholders of Griffin Industries, Inc. (pursuant to such stockholders' contractual registration rights) granted the underwriters a 30-day option, which the underwriters subsequently exercised in full, to purchase from them up to an additional 3,629,032 shares of Darling common stock to cover over-allotments. The Company used the net proceeds of approximately $292.7 million from the offering to repay all of its then outstanding revolver balance and a portion of its term loan facility under the Company's then existing senior credit agreement. Darling did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the former stockholders of Griffin.

On May 8, 2012, the shareholders approved the Company's 2012 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the "2012 Omnibus Plan").  The 2012 Omnibus Plan replaced the Company's 2004 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the "2004 Omnibus Plan") for future grants. Under the 2012 Omnibus Plan, the Company is allowed to grant stock options, stock appreciation rights, non-vested and restricted stock (including performance stock), restricted stock units (including performance units), other stock-based awards, non-employee director awards, dividend equivalents and cash-based awards.  There are up to 11,066,544 common shares available under the 2012 Omnibus Plan which may be granted to participants in any plan year (as such term is defined in the 2012 Omnibus Plan).  Some of those shares are subject to outstanding awards as detailed in the tables below.  To the extent these outstanding awards are forfeited or expire without exercise, the shares will be returned to and available for future grants under the 2012 Omnibus Plan.  The 2012 Omnibus Plan’s purpose is to attract, retain and motivate employees, directors and third party service providers of the Company and to encourage them to have a financial interest in the Company.  The 2012 Omnibus Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee (the "Committee") of the Board of Directors.  The Committee has the authority to select plan participants, grant awards, and determine the terms and conditions of such awards as provided in the 2012

Omnibus Plan.  The Committee has adopted an executive compensation program that includes a long-term incentive component (the "LTIP") for the Company's key employees, as a subplan under the terms of the 2012 Omnibus Plan.  The principal purpose of the LTIP is to encourage the Company's executives to enhance the value of the Company and, hence, the price of the Company’s stock and the stockholders' return.  In addition, the LTIP is designed to create retention incentives for the individual and to provide an opportunity for increased equity ownership by executives.  The Committee awarded dollar value performance based restricted stock and stock option opportunities under the LTIP in each of fiscal 2013, 2012 and 2011 to certain of the Company's key employees, including the Chief Executive Officer and other executive officers.   The restricted stock and stock options underlying the LTIP are issued only if a predetermined financial objective is met by the Company.  The Company met the financial objective for fiscal 2012 and fiscal 2011 and those shares and options were issued in accordance with the terms of the LTIP. See "Fiscal 2012 Long-Term Incentive Opportunity Awards" below for a discussion of the fiscal 2013 LTIP award opportunities. The Company’s stock options granted under the 2012 Omnibus Plan generally terminate 10 years after date of grant.  At December 28, 2013, the number of common shares available for issuance under the 2012 Omnibus Plan was 10,286,222.

The following is a summary of stock-based compensation granted during the years ended December 28, 2013, December 29, 2012 and December 31, 2011.

Nonqualified Stock Options. On March 8, 2011, the Company's board of directors granted 73,834 nonqualified stock options in the aggregate under the Company’s LTIP to certain of the Company’s employees.  The exercise price for the March 8, 2011 stock options was $14.50 per share (fair market value at the close of the trading day immediately preceding the grant date).  All of these awards vest 25 percent upon grant and 25 percent on each of the first three anniversary dates of the grant thereafter. On March 6, 2012, the Company's board of directors granted 135,733 nonqualified stock options in the aggregate under the Company's LTIP to certain of the Company's employees. The exercise price for the March 6, 2012 stock options was $16.98 per share (fair market value at the close of the trading day immediately preceding the grant date). All of these awards vest 25 percent upon grant and 25 percent on each of the first three anniversary dates of the grant thereafter. On March 5, 2013, the Company's board of directors granted 195,634 nonqualified stock options in the aggregate under the Company's LTIP to certain of the Company's employees. The exercise price for the March 5, 2013 stock options was $16.53 per share (fair market value at the close of the trading day immediately preceding the grant date). All of these awards vest 25 percent upon grant and 25 percent on each of the first three anniversary dates of the grant thereafter.

Incentive Stock Options. For fiscal 2013, 2012 and 2011 none of the options issued were incentive stock options.

A summary of all stock option activity as of December 28, 2013 and changes during the year ended is presented below.

        
 
Number of
shares
 
Weighted-avg.
exercise price
per share
 
Weighted-avg.
remaining
contractual life
Options outstanding at December 29, 2012
722,617

 
$
8.07

 
 
Granted
195,634

 
16.53

 
 
Exercised
(12,000
)
 
2.67

 
 
Forfeited

 

 
 
Expired

 

 
 
Options outstanding at December 28, 2013
906,251

 
$
9.97

 
5.0 years
Options exercisable at December 28, 2013
673,617

 
$
7.71

 
3.7 years

 

The fair value of each stock option grant under the Company's stock option plan was estimated on the date of grant using the Black Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions and results for fiscal 2013, 2012 and 2011.

        
Weighted Average
 
2013
2012
2011
Expected dividend yield
 
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Risk-free interest rate
 
1.01%
1.14%
2.53%
Expected term
 
5.75 years
5.75 years
5.75 years
Expected volatility
 
59.8%
62.0%
61.1%
Fair value of options granted
 
$9.04
$9.16
$8.26


The expected lives for options granted during fiscal 2013, 2012 and 2011 were computed using the simplified method.

At December 28, 2013, $14.6 million of total future equity-based compensation expense (determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and Monte Carlo model for non-vested stock grants with performance based incentives) related to outstanding non-vested options and stock awards is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.7 years.

For the year ended December 28, 2013, the amount of cash received from the exercise of options was insignificant and the related tax benefits were approximately $0.7 million. For the year ended December 29, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the amount of cash received from the exercise of options was approximately $0.1 million and $0.5 million, respectively, and the related tax benefits were approximately $2.7 million and $1.1 million, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised for the years ended December 28, 2013, December 29, 2012 and December 31, 2011 was approximately $0.2 million, $3.3 million and $1.4 million, respectively.  The fair value of shares vested for the years ended December 28, 2013, December 29, 2012 and December 31, 2011 was approximately $8.2 million, $8.1 million and $3.7 million, respectively.  At December 28, 2013, the aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding was approximately $9.8 million and the aggregate intrinsic value of options exercisable was approximately $8.8 million.

Non-Vested Stock Awards.  On March 8, 2011, the Company's board of directors granted 221,503 shares of stock all of which were under the Company's LTIP. At the March 8, 2011 grant date 55,376 shares vested immediately and the remaining stock awards vest over the next three anniversary dates of the grants in equal installments. On August 29, 2011, the Company's board of directors made a discretionary grant of 10,878 shares of stock under the 2004 Omnibus Plan to certain key employees. At the August 29, 2011 grant date 2,720 shares vested immediately and the remaining stock awards vest over the next three anniversary dates of the grants in equal installments. On March 6, 2012, the Company's board of directors granted 375,041 shares of stock under the 2004 Omnibus Plan, 300,041 shares of which were under the Company's LTIP and 75,000 shares of which were granted as discretionary grants to other employees not part of the Company's LTIP. At the March 6, 2012 grant date 93,761 shares vested immediately and the remaining stock awards vest over the next three anniversary dates of the grants in equal installments. On May 8, 2012, the Company's board of directors granted 5,000 shares of stock under the 2004 Omnibus Plan to a newly employed officer of the Company. At the May 8, 2012 grant date 1,250 shares vested immediately and the remaining shares vest over the next three anniversary dates of the grant in equal installments. On September 1, 2012, the Company's board of directors granted 50,000 shares of stock under the 2012 Omnibus Plan to the Company's new Chief Financial Officer. At the September 1, 2012 grant date 25,000 shares vested immediately and the remaining shares vest over the next three anniversary dates of the grant in equal installments. On March 5, 2013, the Company's board of directors granted 495,575 shares of stock under the 2012 Omnibus Plan, 449,575 shares of which were under the Company's LTIP and 46,000 shares of which were granted as a discretionary grants to other employees not part of the Company's LTIP. At the March 5, 2013 grant date 123,894 shares vested immediately and the remaining stock awards vest over the next three anniversary dates of the grants in equal installments. On August 5, 2013 the Company's board of directors granted 24,000 shares to one of the Company's officers. At the August 5, 2013 grant date 8,000 shares vested immediately and the remaining shares vest over the next two anniversary dates of the grant in equal installments provided that certain performance measures are achieved.

On November 11, 2010, the Company's board of directors approved award opportunities for 640,000 non-vested restricted shares at $12.53 (fair market value at grant date) under the Company's 2010 Special Incentive Program (as more fully described below).  These restricted shares vest upon the closing of the Griffin merger and achievement of certain varying market conditions over vesting periods spanning 4 years.


A summary of the Company’s non-vested stock awards as of December 28, 2013, and changes during the year ended is as follows:

        
 
Non-Vested
Shares
 
Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Stock awards outstanding December 29, 2012
836,024

 
$
12.26

Shares granted
519,575

 
16.89

Shares vested
(527,725
)
 
12.73

Shares forfeited
(6,667
)
 
7.36

Stock awards outstanding December 28, 2013
821,207

 
$
14.93



Nonemployee Director Restricted Stock Awards.  On February 24, 2011, the Company's Board of Directors approved an Amended and Restated Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Award Plan (the "Director Restricted Stock Plan") pursuant to and in accordance with the 2004 Omnibus Plan in order to attract and retain highly qualified persons to serve as non-employee directors and to more closely align such directors' interests with the interests of the stockholders of the Company by providing a portion of their compensation in the form of Company common stock. Under the Director Restricted Stock Plan, $60,000 in restricted Company common stock (the "Restricted Stock") will be awarded to each non-employee director on the fourth business day after the Company releases its earnings for its prior completed fiscal year (the "Date of Award").  The amount of restricted stock to be issued will be calculated using the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the third business day after the Company releases its earnings.  The Restricted Stock will be subject to a right of repurchase at $0.01 per share upon termination of the holder as a member of the Company's board of directors for cause and will not be transferable. These restrictions will lapse with respect to 100% of the Restricted Stock upon the earliest to occur of (i) ten years after the Date of Award, (ii) a Change of Control (as defined in the 2004 Omnibus Plan), and (iii) termination of the non-employee director's service with the Company, other than for "cause" (as defined in the Director Restricted Stock Plan).  On March 5, 2013, the Company issued 21,780 shares of restricted stock in the aggregate to its non-employee directors under the Director Restricted Stock Plan. On March 6, 2012, the Company issued 21,204 shares of restricted stock in the aggregate to its non-employee directors under the Director Restricted Stock Plan. On March 8, 2011, the Company issued 24,828 shares of restricted stock in the aggregate to its non-employee directors under the Director Restricted Stock Plan. On May 18, 2011, the Company issued 4,652 shares of restricted stock in the aggregate to its two newly elected non-employee directors under the Director Restricted Stock Plan.

A summary of the Company’s non-employee director restricted stock awards as of December 28, 2013, and changes during the year ended is as follows:

        
 
Restricted
Shares
 
Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Stock awards outstanding December 29, 2012
108,458

 
$
9.59

Restricted shares granted
21,780

 
16.53

Restricted shares where the restriction lapsed

 

Restricted shares forfeited

 

Stock awards outstanding December 28, 2013
130,238

 
$
10.75



Fiscal 2013 Long-Term Incentive Opportunity Awards.  The Committee awarded dollar value performance based restricted stock and stock option opportunities under the LTIP for fiscal 2013 to certain of the Company's key employees, including the Chief Executive Officer, the President and certain of its Executive Vice Presidents (the "2013 Restricted Stock and Option Awards").  The restricted stock and stock options underlying the 2013 Restricted Stock and Option Awards are issued only if a predetermined financial objective is met by the Company.  The Company met the financial objective for fiscal 2013.  Accordingly, in accordance with the terms of the 2013 Restricted Stock and Option Awards, it is anticipated that a portion of the restricted stock representing 80% of the potential award and stock options representing 20% of the potential award will be granted and issued to the recipients on the fourth business day after the Company releases its annual financial results for fiscal 2013. The amount of restricted stock and stock options to be issued was predetermined using a discounted per share price. The "Discounted Per Share Price" is derived by discounting the closing market price of the Company's common stock as of the last trading day of the

immediately preceding fiscal year to account for forfeiture of the restricted stock based on, among other things, the probability of the failure of the restricted stock to be granted and the failure of the Company to meet the required performance measures. The stock options will have an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the Company's common stock on the third business day after the Company releases its annual financial results.

The above 2013 Restricted Stock and Option Awards were deemed equity classified in fiscal 2013 as the shares are known, but have not yet been granted. In addition, a portion of the fiscal 2013 LTIP stock awards are treated as a liability until the grant date when the number of shares to be issued is known, and then it becomes equity classified. At December 28, 2013, the Company recorded a liability of approximately $0.3 million on the balance sheet for the long-term incentive opportunities.

2010 Special Incentive Program Awards. On November 11, 2010, the Committee approved a 2010 Special Incentive Program (the "2010 Special Incentive Program") for certain key employees of the Company pursuant to the Company's 2004 Omnibus Plan, conditioned upon the closing of the Griffin merger.  Under the 2010 Special Incentive Program, certain key employees (the "Participating Employees") upon successful completion of the Griffin merger became eligible to receive a total of 640,000 shares of restricted stock of which 548,331 shares have been issued and 6,667 shares have been forfeited as of December 28, 2013.  The stock vests upon the closing of the Griffin merger and achievement of certain varying market conditions over vesting periods spanning 4 years.  A Participating Employee will not be entitled to receive any grant under these restricted stock awards if such Participating Employee’s employment with the Company has terminated, voluntarily or involuntarily, prior to the determination that the conditions to receive such restricted stock award have been fulfilled.