Variable Interest Entities and Unconsolidated Investments

We consolidate all of our VIEs where we have determined that we are the primary beneficiary. There were no changes to our determination of whether we are the primary beneficiary of our VIEs for the six months ended June 30, 2020. See Note 7 in our 2019 Form 10-K for further information regarding our VIEs.

Consolidated VIEs

Our consolidated VIEs include natural gas-fired and geothermal power plants with an aggregate capacity of 7,354 MW and 6,669 MW at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. For these VIEs, we may provide other operational and administrative support through various affiliate contractual arrangements among the VIEs, Calpine Corporation and its other wholly owned subsidiaries whereby we support the VIE through the reimbursement of costs and/or the purchase and sale of energy. Other than amounts contractually required, we provided no additional material support to our VIEs in the form of cash and other contributions during each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.

The table below has been updated to incorporate GPC as a consolidated VIE following the issuance of the GPC Term Loan during the second quarter of 2020. The table details summarized financial information (excluding intercompany balances which are eliminated in consolidation) for our consolidated VIEs as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (in millions):



	June 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Assets:
Current assets	$	371	$	371
Property, plant and equipment, net	3,846		3,454
Restricted cash, net of current portion	16		15
Other assets	151		53
Total assets	$	4,384	$	3,893
Liabilities:
Current liabilities	$	250	$	303
Debt, net of current portion	2,083		1,635
Long-term derivative liabilities	10		8
Other long-term liabilities	60		53
Total liabilities	$	2,403	$	1,999

Noncontrolling Interest — On January 28, 2020, we completed the acquisition of the 25% noncontrolling interest of Russell City Energy Company, LLC, which was owned by a third party, for $35 million plus working capital adjustments of approximately $14 million for a total purchase price of approximately $49 million, resulting in a $67 million increase to additional paid-in capital. Prior to the acquisition, we accounted for the third party ownership interest as a noncontrolling interest.

Unconsolidated VIEs and Investments in Unconsolidated Subsidiaries

We have a 50% partnership interest in Greenfield LP which is also a VIE; however, we do not have the power to direct the most significant activities of this entity and therefore do not consolidate it. Greenfield LP is a limited partnership between certain subsidiaries of ours and of Mitsui & Co., Ltd., which operates the Greenfield Energy Centre, a 1,038 MW natural gas-fired, combined-cycle power plant located in Ontario, Canada.

Calpine Receivables is a VIE and a bankruptcy remote entity created for the special purpose of purchasing trade accounts receivable from Calpine Solutions under the Accounts Receivable Sales Program. We have determined that we do not have the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly affect the VIE’s economic performance nor the obligation to absorb losses or receive benefits from the VIE. Accordingly, we have determined that we are not the primary beneficiary of Calpine Receivables because we do not have the power to affect its financial performance as the unaffiliated financial institutions that purchase the receivables from Calpine Receivables control the selection criteria of the receivables sold and appoint the servicer of the receivables which controls management of default. Thus, we do not consolidate Calpine Receivables in our Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements and use the equity method of accounting to record our net interest in Calpine Receivables.

We account for these entities under the equity method of accounting and include our net equity interest in investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries on our Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets. At June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, our equity method investments included on our Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets were comprised of the following (in millions):



	Ownership Interest as of June 30, 2020	June 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Greenfield LP⁽¹⁾	50%	$	63	$	66
Calpine Receivables	100%	4		4
Total investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries		$	67	$	70

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(1)	Includes our share of AOCI related to interest rate hedging instruments associated with our unconsolidated subsidiary Greenfield LP’s debt.

Our risk of loss related to our investment in Greenfield LP is limited to our investment balance. Our risk of loss related to our investment in Calpine Receivables is $51 million which consists of our notes receivable from Calpine Receivables at June 30, 2020 and our initial investment associated with Calpine Receivables. See Note 10 for further information associated with our related party activity with Calpine Receivables.

Holders of the debt of our unconsolidated investments do not have recourse to Calpine Corporation and its other subsidiaries; therefore, the debt of our unconsolidated investments is not reflected on our Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets. At June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, Greenfield LP’s debt was approximately $276 million and $299 million, respectively, and based on our pro rata share of our investment in Greenfield LP, our share of such debt would be approximately $138 million and $150 million at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

Our equity interest in the net income from our investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, is recorded in (income) from unconsolidated subsidiaries. The following table sets forth details of our (income) from unconsolidated subsidiaries for the periods indicated (in millions):



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
Greenfield LP	$	(3	)	$	(4	)	$	(4	)	$	(6	)
Whitby⁽¹⁾	—			(2		)	—			(6		)
Calpine Receivables	(1		)	1			—			1
Total	$	(4	)	$	(5	)	$	(4	)	$	(11	)

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(1)	On November 20, 2019, we sold our 50% interest in Whitby to a third party.

Distributions from Greenfield LP were nil during each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019. Distributions from Whitby were nil and $11 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. We did not have material distributions from our investment in Calpine Receivables for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.