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Goodwill and Other Intangibles
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and Other Intangibles Goodwill and Other Intangibles:
The following table summarizes the changes in goodwill by reportable segment for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):
LithiumBromine
Catalysts(c)
All OtherTotal
Balance at December 31, 2020
$1,441,781 $20,319 $196,834 $6,586 $1,665,520 
Divestitures(a)
— — — (6,586)(6,586)
Foreign currency translation adjustments and other(47,599)— (13,708)— (61,307)
Balance at December 31, 2021
1,394,182 20,319 183,126 — 1,597,627 
Acquisitions(b)
76,105 — — — 76,105 
Foreign currency translation adjustments and other(46,012)— (10,093)— (56,105)
Balance at December 31, 2022
$1,424,275 $20,319 $173,033 $— $1,617,627 

(a)    Represents goodwill of the FCS business. See Note 3, “Divestitures,” for additional information.
(b)    Represents preliminary purchase price adjustments for the Qinzhou acquisition. See Note 2, “Acquisitions,” for additional information.
(c)    Balance at December 31, 2022 and 2021 consists of goodwill related to Refining Solutions (composed of our clean fuels technologies (“CFT”) and fluidized catalytic cracking (“FCC”) catalysts and additives businesses) of $166.2 million and $176.0 million, respectively, and performance catalyst solutions (“PCS”) of $6.8 million and $7.1 million, respectively.
Other intangibles consist of the following at December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):
Customer Lists and Relationships
Trade Names and Trademarks(c)
Patents and TechnologyOtherTotal
Gross Asset Value
Balance at December 31, 2020
$448,748 $18,710 $58,096 $39,864 $565,418 
    Divestitures(a)
— — — (1,473)(1,473)
Foreign currency translation adjustments and other(20,369)(827)(783)(1,686)(23,665)
Balance at December 31, 2021
428,379 17,883 57,313 36,705 540,280 
Acquisitions(b)
6,000 — 8,300 2,030 16,330 
    Retirements— (4,253)(16,206)(5,844)(26,303)
Foreign currency translation adjustments and other(21,709)(469)(3,008)2,295 (22,891)
Balance at December 31, 2022
$412,670 $13,161 $46,399 $35,186 $507,416 
Accumulated Amortization
Balance at December 31, 2020
$(147,286)$(8,176)$(39,500)$(21,351)$(216,313)
Amortization(22,982)— (1,461)(891)(25,334)
    Divestitures(a)
— — — 1,457 1,457 
Foreign currency translation adjustments and other6,985 193 1,165 514 8,857 
Balance at December 31, 2021
(163,283)(7,983)(39,796)(20,271)(231,333)
Amortization(22,144)— (1,649)(914)(24,707)
Retirements— 4,253 16,206 5,844 26,303 
Foreign currency translation adjustments and other7,800 143 1,449 799 10,191 
Balance at December 31, 2022
$(177,627)$(3,587)$(23,790)$(14,542)$(219,546)
Net Book Value at December 31, 2021
$265,096 $9,900 $17,517 $16,434 $308,947 
Net Book Value at December 31, 2022
$235,043 $9,574 $22,609 $20,644 $287,870 

(a)Represents other intangibles of the FCS business. See Note 3, “Divestitures,” for additional information.
(b)Represents preliminary purchase price adjustments for the Qinzhou acquisition. See Note 2, “Acquisitions,” for additional information.
(c)Net Book Value includes only indefinite-lived intangible assets.
Useful lives range from 13 – 25 years for customer lists and relationships; 8 – 20 years for patents and technology; and primarily 5 – 25 years for other.
Amortization of other intangibles amounted to $24.7 million, $25.3 million and $24.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Included in amortization for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 is $17.2 million, $19.3 million and $19.1 million, respectively, of amortization using the pattern of economic benefit method.
Total estimated amortization expense of other intangibles for the next five fiscal years is as follows (in thousands):
Estimated Amortization Expense
2023$29,163 
2024$24,230 
2025$23,693 
2026$23,172 
2027$22,671