0001398344-19-002995.txt : 20190522 0001398344-19-002995.hdr.sgml : 20190522 20190214172609 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001398344-19-002995 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 485APOS PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 4 FILED AS OF DATE: 20190214 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20190423 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: FINANCIAL INVESTORS TRUST CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000915802 IRS NUMBER: 841255767 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 0430 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 485APOS SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 033-72424 FILM NUMBER: 19608517 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: P.O. BOX 328 CITY: DENVER STATE: CO ZIP: 80201-0328 BUSINESS PHONE: 3036232577 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: P.O. BOX 328 CITY: DENVER STATE: CO ZIP: 80201-0328 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: FGIC PUBLIC TRUST DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19940325 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: FEDERAL PUBLIC TRUST DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19931206 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: FINANCIAL INVESTORS TRUST CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000915802 IRS NUMBER: 841255767 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 0430 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 485APOS SEC ACT: 1940 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 811-08194 FILM NUMBER: 19608516 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: P.O. BOX 328 CITY: DENVER STATE: CO ZIP: 80201-0328 BUSINESS PHONE: 3036232577 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: P.O. BOX 328 CITY: DENVER STATE: CO ZIP: 80201-0328 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: FGIC PUBLIC TRUST DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19940325 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: FEDERAL PUBLIC TRUST DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19931206 0000915802 S000027283 Vulcan Value Partners Fund C000211491 Institutional Class Shares S000027284 Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund C000211492 Institutional Class Shares 0000915802 S000027283 Vulcan Value Partners Fund C000082313 Investor Class Shares VVPLX 0000915802 S000027284 Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund C000082314 Investor Class Shares VVPSX 485APOS 1 fp0038495_485apos.htm

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 14, 2019

 

 1933 Act Registration No. 33-72424

1940 Act Registration No. 811-8194

 

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM N-1A

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 x
Pre-Effective Amendment No.      
Post-Effective Amendment No. 220 x
   
and/or
   
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 x
Amendment No. 221 x

 

(Check appropriate box or boxes.)

 

FINANCIAL INVESTORS TRUST

(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

 

1290 Broadway, Suite 1100

Denver, CO 80203

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code: (303) 623-2577

 

Karen Gilomen 

Financial Investors Trust

1290 Broadway, Suite 1100

Denver, CO 80203

(Name and Address of Agent of Service)

 

Copy to:

 

Peter H. Schwartz, Esq.

Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP

1550 17th Street, Suite 500

Denver, CO 80202

 

Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Amendment

 

It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):

 

  immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)
  On (date), pursuant to paragraph (b)
X   60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a) (1)
    on (date), pursuant to paragraph (a) (1)
    75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a) (2)
    on (date), pursuant to paragraph (a) (2)

 

If appropriate, check the following box:

 

    This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.

 

 

PROSPECTUS

_______________, 2019

 

  INVESTOR CLASS SHARES* INSTITUTIONAL CLASS SHARES
VULCAN VALUE PARTNERS FUND VVPLX [                ]
VULCAN VALUE PARTNERS SMALL CAP FUND VVPSX [                ]

 

*The initial share class of the Funds was redesignated as Investor Class shares effective _______, 2019.

 

 

 

As with all mutual funds, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

 

CONTENTS

PAGE

Summary Sections 2
Investment Objective and Principal Strategies 9
More on Each Fund’s Investments and Related Risks 10
Management 15
The Portfolio Manager 15
Administrator, Distributor and Transfer Agent 16
Buying, Exchanging and Redeeming Shares 16
Share Transactions 21
Dividends and Distributions 24
Taxes 24
Financial Highlights 27
Additional Information About the Fund Back Cover

 

 

 

VULCAN VALUE PARTNERS FUND (THE “FUND”)

 

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE

 

The Fund seeks to achieve long-term capital appreciation.

 

FEES AND EXPENSES OF THE FUND

 

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund.

 

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

Investor Class
Shares(1)

Institutional Class Shares

Redemption Fee (as a percentage of exchange price or amount redeemed within 90 days of purchase)

2.00%

2.00%

Annual Fund Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

 

Management Fees

1.00%

1.00%

Other Expenses

0.08%

0.08%

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses

1.08%

1.08%(2)

Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses

0.01%

.0.01%

Fee Waiver and Expense Reimbursement(3)

0.00%

 

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver/Expense Reimbursement

1.09%

0.86%

(1) The initial share class of the Fund was redesignated as Investor Class shares effective _______, 2019.
(2) Based on estimated Institutional Class- specific expenses for the first 12 months of operations of Institutional Class shares.
(3) Vulcan Value Partners, LLC (“Vulcan” or the “Adviser”) has contractually agreed to limit the Fund’s total annual fund operating expenses (exclusive of Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, brokerage expenses, interest expense, taxes and extraordinary expenses) to 1.25% and 0.85% of the Fund’s average daily net assets with respect to Investor Class shares and Institutional Class shares, respectively. These agreements (the “Expense Agreements”) are in effect through August 31, 2020. The Adviser will be permitted to recapture expenses it has borne through the Expense Agreements to the extent that the Fund’s expenses in later periods fall below the annual rates set forth in the Expense Agreements or in previous letter agreements; provided, however, that such recapture payments do not cause the Fund’s expense ratio (after recapture) to exceed the lesser of (i) the expense cap in effect at the time of the waiver and (ii) the expense cap in effect at the time of the recapture. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund will not be obligated to pay any such deferred fees and expenses more than three years after the date on which the fees or expenses were deferred. The Adviser may not discontinue or modify this waiver prior to August 31, 2020 without the approval by the Fund’s Board of Trustees.

 

EXAMPLE

 

This example is intended to help you compare the costs of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. This example reflects the net operating expenses with expense waivers through the current term of the Expense Agreements, which end on August 31, 2020. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same.

 

Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

1 Year

3 Years

5 Years

10 Years

Investor Class Shares

$111

$347

$601

$1,327

Institutional Class Shares

The Example does not include any sales charges that you may pay to a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary. If these sales charges were included, your costs would be higher.

 

PORTFOLIO TURNOVER

 

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. A higher portfolio turnover rate may also result in higher taxes for a shareholder of the Fund when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s turnover rate was 50% of the average value of its portfolio.

 

2 

 

PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES OF THE FUND

 

The Vulcan Value Partners Fund seeks to achieve long-term capital appreciation by investing primarily in publicly traded mid-cap and large-cap companies the Fund believes to be both undervalued and possessing a sustainable competitive advantage. The Adviser generally regards mid-cap companies to be those less than $5 billion and large-cap companies to be those greater than $5 billion. The Adviser expects that these ranges will change over time.

 

The Fund views equity investments as ownership in a business enterprise and approaches investing as long-term partial ownership of businesses. The Fund seeks to purchase publicly traded companies at significant discounts to intrinsic worth. The Fund seeks to invest for the long term, limiting the selection of qualifying investments to good businesses with identifiable, sustainable competitive advantages to maximize returns and to minimize risk. The Fund generally defines risk as the probability of permanently losing capital over a five-year period. The Fund generally sells stocks when they approach their appraised value. The Fund seeks to determine business or intrinsic value through disciplined financial analysis. The Fund believes that equities purchased at prices substantially less than their intrinsic worth generally afford capital protection from significant permanent loss and also create the possibility of substantial appreciation if the market recognizes the company’s economic value.

 

This portfolio strategy invests in companies with larger market capitalizations. Generally, subject to price, any publicly traded company with reasonable economics would be a potential investment in this portfolio. A core position in the Fund is generally approximately 5% of the Fund’s portfolio, so that theoretically the Fund would seek to hold about 20 companies, spread across various industries. Because it is rare that the Fund would find exactly 20 companies meeting its investment guidelines, allocations will vary with the price to value ratio of specific companies. The Fund may invest in positions as small as 1% when price to value ratios are higher. The Fund generally will not invest in any business that is trading above the Fund’s estimate of its fair value. Most of these securities are listed on the major securities exchanges. The Fund may invest up to 30% of net assets in publicly traded foreign securities. The Fund may hold up to 10% of net assets in illiquid securities. If investments meeting the Fund’s criteria are not available, the Fund may invest the Fund’s assets temporarily in obligations of the U.S. government and its agencies, or in other money market instruments.

 

PRINCIPAL RISKS OF THE FUND

 

The following is a description of the principal risks of the Fund’s portfolio that may adversely affect its net asset value and total return. Unless otherwise stated, these risks apply to the Fund. There are other circumstances (including additional risks that are not described here) which could prevent the Fund from achieving its investment objective. It is important to read all of the disclosure information provided and to understand that you may lose money by investing in the Fund.

 

Stock Market Risk – The value of equity securities in the Fund’s portfolio will fluctuate and, as a result, the Fund’s share price may decline suddenly or over a sustained period of time.

Business Ownership Risk – The Fund treats investing as partial ownership of qualifying businesses. As partial owners of these companies, the Fund faces the risks inherent in owning a business.

Medium-Size Company Risk – Medium-sized companies may have more limited product lines, markets and financial resources than larger companies. In addition, mid-cap stocks may be more volatile than those of larger companies and, where trading volume is thin, the ability to dispose of such securities may be more limited.

Non-diversification Risk – The Fund is classified as non-diversified. As a result, an increase or decrease in the value of a single security may have a greater impact on the Fund’s NAV and total return. Being non-diversified may also make the Fund more susceptible to financial, economic, political or other developments that may impact a security. Although the Fund may from time to time satisfy the requirements for a diversified fund, its non-diversified classification gives the Fund’s portfolio managers more flexibility to hold larger positions in a smaller number of securities than a fund that is classified as diversified.

Non-U.S. Securities Risk – Non-U.S. securities are subject to the risks of foreign currency fluctuations, generally higher volatility and lower liquidity than U.S. securities, less developed securities markets and economic systems and political and economic instability.

Currency Risk – The value of the Fund’s investments may fall as a result of changes in exchange rates.

Managed Portfolio Risk – The manager’s investment strategies or choice of specific securities may be unsuccessful and may cause the Fund to incur losses.

 

PERFORMANCE INFORMATION

 

The following information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing how the Fund’s performance has varied over time.

 

The bar chart depicts the change in performance from year to year during the periods indicated. The bar chart figures do not include any applicable sales charges that an investor may pay when they buy or sell Shares of the Fund. If sales charges were included, the returns would be lower. The table compares the Fund’s average annual returns for the periods indicated to broad-based securities market indices. The indices are not actively managed and are not available for direct investment. The bar charts and performance tables assume reinvestment of dividends and distributions. The Fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) does not necessarily indicate how it will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the Fund’s website at www.vulcanvaluepartners.com or by calling 877.421.5078.

 

3 

 

Annual Total Returns – Investor Class Shares
(Calendar years ended 12/31)

(BAR GRAPH) 

 

Best Quarter March 31, 2012 14.88%
Worst Quarter June 30, 2010 -12.12%

The Fund’s Investor Class shares year-to-date return as of June 30, 2018 was 5.37%.

 

Average Annual Total Returns
(For the periods ended December 31, 2017)

1 Year

5 Year

Since
Inception (12.30.09)

Investor Class Shares*

Return Before Taxes

16.75%

12.76%

12.65%

Return After Taxes on Distributions

16.20%

11.49%

11.79%

Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares

9.78%

9.87%

10.20%

Russell 1000 Value Index® (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)

13.66%

14.04%

12.70%

S&P 500 Total Return Index® (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)

21.83%

15.79%

13.77%

* The returns shown are for Investor Class shares, which would have substantially similar returns as Institutional Class shares because the shares are invested in the same portfolio of securities and the annual returns would differ only to the extent that the classes do not have the same expenses.

 

After-tax returns are calculated using the historically highest individual U.S. federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on your individual tax situation and may differ from those shown in the table below. The after-tax return information shown below does not apply to Fund shares held through a tax-advantaged account, such as a 401(k) plan or an IRA.

 

INVESTMENT ADVISER

 

Vulcan Value Partners, LLC is the investment adviser to the Fund.

 

PORTFOLIO MANAGER

 

C.T. Fitzpatrick, Chief Investment Officer of Vulcan Value Partners, LLC, has served as the Fund’s portfolio manager since its inception in December 2009.

 

PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES

 

The Fund is closed to new investors seeking to purchase shares in the Fund either directly or through third party intermediaries, except for new investors who are employees of the Adviser. Existing shareholders of the Fund may continue to purchase additional shares of the Fund. A financial advisor whose clients have established accounts in the Fund as of June 1, 2015, may continue to open new accounts in the Fund for any of its existing or new clients. Existing or new participants in a qualified retirement plan, such as a 401(k) plan, profit sharing plan, 403(b) plan or 457 plan, which has an existing position in the Fund as of June 1, 2015, may continue to open new accounts in the Fund. In addition, if such qualified retirement plans have a related retirement plan formed in the future, this plan may also open new accounts in the Fund.

 

4 

 

The minimum investment to open a regular account in Investor Class shares is $5,000. The minimum investment to open a Coverdell Education Savings Account or a retirement fund account in Investor Class shares is $500. The subsequent investment minimum for any type of account in Investor Class shares is $500. The minimum investment to open any type of account in Institutional Class shares is $10 million. The subsequent investment minimum for any type of account in Institutional Class shares is $5,000. Purchases, exchanges and redemptions may be made on any business day through certain broker-dealers or other financial intermediaries, the Fund’s website at www.vulcanvaluepartners.com, by telephone at 877.421.5078, by regular mail at PO Box 1236, Denver, CO 80201-1236, or by a systematic purchase, exchange or withdrawal plan (must be a minimum of $500).

 

TAX INFORMATION

 

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Fund’s distributions may be taxable as ordinary income, capital gains or qualified dividend income, except when your investment is held in an IRA, 401(k) or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Subsequent withdrawals from such a tax-advantaged investment plan will be subject to special tax rules.

 

PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES

 

If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s Web site for more information.

 

5 

 

VULCAN VALUE PARTNERS SMALL CAP FUND
(THE “FUND”)

 

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE

 

The Fund seeks to achieve long-term capital appreciation.

 

FEES AND EXPENSES OF THE FUND

 

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund.

 

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

Investor Class Shares(1)

Institutional Class Shares

Redemption Fee (as a percentage of exchange price or amount redeemed within 90 days of purchase)

2.00%

2.00%

Annual Fund Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

Management Fees

1.15%

1.15%

Other Expenses

0.08%

0.08%

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses

1.23%(2)

1.23%(3)

Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses

0.04%

0.04%

Fee Waiver and Expense Reimbursement(4)

0.00%

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver/ Expense Reimbursement

1.27%

1.04%

(1) The initial share class of the Fund was redesignated as Investor Class shares effective _______, 2019.

(3) Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses have been restated to reflect current fees.

(3) Based on estimated Institutional Class-specific expenses for the first 12 months of operations of Institutional Class shares.

(4) Vulcan Value Partners, LLC (“Vulcan” or the “Adviser”) has contractually agreed to limit the Fund’s total annual fund operating expenses (exclusive of Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, brokerage expenses, interest expense, taxes and extraordinary expenses) to 1.25% and 1.00% of the Fund’s average daily net assets with respect to Investor Class shares and Institutional Class shares, respectively. These agreements (the “Expense Agreements”) are in effect through August 31, 2020. The Adviser will be permitted to recapture expenses it has borne through the Expense Agreements to the extent that the Fund’s expenses in later periods fall below the annual rates set forth in the Expense Agreements or in previous letter agreements; provided, however, that such recapture payments do not cause the Fund’s expense ratio (after recapture) to exceed the lesser of (i) the expense cap in effect at the time of the waiver and (ii) the expense cap in effect at the time of the recapture. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund will not be obligated to pay any such deferred fees and expenses more than three years after the date on which the fees or expenses were deferred. The Adviser may not discontinue or modify this waiver prior to August 31, 2020 without the approval by the Fund’s Board of Trustees.

 

EXAMPLE

 

This example is intended to help you compare the costs of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. This example reflects the net operating expenses with expense waivers through the current term of the Expense Agreements, which ends on August 31, 2020. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same.

 

Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

1 Year

3 Years

5 Years

10 Years

Investor Class Shares

$129

$403

$697

$1,532

Institutional Class Shares

The Example does not include any sales charges that you may pay to a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary. If these sales charges were included, your costs would be higher.

 

PORTFOLIO TURNOVER

 

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. A higher portfolio turnover rate may also result in higher taxes for a shareholder of the Fund when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s turnover rate was 68% of the average value of its portfolio.

 

6 

 

PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES OF THE FUND

 

The Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund seeks to achieve long term capital appreciation by investing primarily in publicly traded small-cap companies the Fund believes to be both undervalued and possessing a sustainable competitive advantage.

 

The Fund views equity investments as ownership in a business enterprise and approaches investing as long-term partial ownership of businesses. The Fund seeks to purchase publicly traded companies at significant discounts to intrinsic worth. The Fund seeks to invest for the long term, limiting the selection of qualifying investments to good businesses with identifiable, sustainable competitive advantages to maximize returns and to minimize risk. The Fund generally defines risk as the probability of permanently losing capital over a five-year period.

 

The Fund generally sells stocks when they approach their appraised value. The Fund seeks to determine business or intrinsic value through disciplined financial analysis. The Fund believes that equities purchased at prices substantially less than their intrinsic worth generally afford capital protection from significant permanent loss and also create the possibility of substantial appreciation if the market recognizes the company’s economic value.

 

This portfolio strategy invests in companies with smaller market capitalizations. While the Fund does not have any defined cutoffs, the Fund generally uses the Russell 2000® as a guide to define the universe of small capitalization companies, and any small publicly traded company with reasonable economics would be a potential investment in this portfolio. As of June 30, 2018 the latest reconstitution date, the median market capitalization of the Russell 2000® Index was approximately $51.89 million, the top of this range was approximately $6.69 billion. The capitalization range of the companies in the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund will change over time. For purposes of the Fund’s 80% investment policy, the Fund considers small-cap companies to be those companies whose market capitalization at the time of purchase is within the market capitalization range of companies in the Russell 2000 Index during the most recent 12-month period (based on month-end data). As of June 30, 2018, this range was approximately $7.69 million to $14.33 billion; however, this capitalization range is expected to change over time.

 

Once the Fund owns a company, the Fund will not necessarily sell it just because it has grown to a size that the Fund would not consider to be small cap. A core position in the Fund is generally approximately 5% of the Fund’s portfolio, so that theoretically the Fund would seek to hold about 20 companies, spread across various industries. Because it is rare that the Fund would find exactly 20 companies meeting its investment guidelines, allocations will vary with the price to value ratio of specific companies. The Fund may invest in positions as small as less than 1% when price to value ratios are higher. The Fund generally will not invest in any business that is trading above the Fund’s estimate of its fair value. Most of these securities are listed on the major securities exchanges. The Fund may invest up to 30% of net assets in publicly traded foreign securities. The Fund may hold up to 10% of net assets in illiquid securities. If investments meeting the Fund’s criteria are not available, the Fund may invest the Fund’s assets temporarily in obligations of the U.S. government and its agencies, or in other money market instruments.

 

PRINCIPAL RISKS OF THE FUND

 

The following is a description of the principal risks of the Fund’s portfolio that may adversely affect its net asset value and total return. Unless otherwise stated, these risks apply to the Fund. There are other circumstances (including additional risks that are not described here) which could prevent the Fund from achieving its investment objective. It is important to read all of the disclosure information provided and to understand that you may lose money by investing in the Fund.

 

Stock Market Risk – The value of equity securities in the Fund’s portfolio will fluctuate and, as a result, the Fund’s share price may decline suddenly or over a sustained period of time.

Business Ownership Risk – The Fund treats investing as partial ownership of qualifying businesses. As partial owners of these companies, the Fund faces the risks inherent in owning a business.

Small-Size Company Risk – The Fund may invest in the securities of companies with small market capitalizations. Small-sized companies may have more limited product lines, markets, and financial resources than larger companies. In addition, their securities may trade less frequently and in more limited volume than those of larger companies. Small-cap stocks may be more volatile than those of larger companies and, where trading volume is thin, the ability to dispose of such securities may be more limited. Because the Fund normally invests at least 80% of its net equity assets in securities of smaller companies, these risks may be increased.

Non-diversification Risk – The Fund is classified as non-diversified. As a result, an increase or decrease in the value of a single security may have a greater impact on the Fund’s NAV and total return. Being non-diversified may also make the Fund more susceptible to financial, economic, political or other developments that may impact a security. Although the Fund may from time to time satisfy the requirements for a diversified fund, its non-diversified classification gives the Fund’s portfolio managers more flexibility to hold larger positions in a smaller number of securities than a fund that is classified as diversified.

 

7 

 

Non-U.S. Securities Risk – Non-U.S. securities are subject to the risks of foreign currency fluctuations, generally higher volatility and lower liquidity than U.S. securities, less developed securities markets and economic systems and political and economic instability.

Currency Risk – The value of the Fund’s investments may fall as a result of changes in exchange rates.

Managed Portfolio Risk – The manager’s investment strategies or choice of specific securities may be unsuccessful and may cause the Fund to incur losses.

 

PERFORMANCE INFORMATION

 

The following information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing how the Fund’s performance has varied over time.

 

The bar chart depicts the change in performance from year to year during the periods indicated. The bar chart figures do not include any applicable sales charges that an investor may pay when they buy or sell Shares of the Fund. If sales charges were included, the returns would be lower. The table compares the Fund’s average annual returns for the periods indicated to broad-based securities market indices. The indices are not actively managed and are not available for direct investment. The bar charts and performance tables assume reinvestment of dividends and distributions. The Fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) does not necessarily indicate how it will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the Fund’s website at www.vulcanvaluepartners.com or by calling 877.421.5078.

 

Annual Total Returns – Investor Class Shares
(Calendar years ended 12/31)

 

(BAR GRAPH)

 

Best Quarter December 31, 2011 16.42%
Worst Quarter September 30, 2011 -15.63%

The Fund’s Investor Class shares year-to-date return as of June 30, 2018 was (0.82)%.

 

Average Annual Total Returns
(For the periods ended December 31, 2017)

1 Year

5 Year

Since
Inception
(12.30.09)

Investor Class Shares*

Return Before Taxes

11.46%

12.33%

14.21%

Return After Taxes on Distributions

8.94%

10.31%

12.52%

Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares

6.88%

9.10%

11.07%

Russell 2000 Value Index® (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)

7.84%

13.01%

12.26%

Russell 2000 Index® (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)

14.65%

14.12%

13.23%

* The returns shown are for Investor Class shares, which would have substantially similar returns as Institutional Class shares because the shares are invested in the same portfolio of securities and the annual returns would differ only to the extent that the classes do not have the same expenses.

 

After-tax returns are calculated using the historically highest individual U.S. federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on your individual tax situation and may differ from those shown in the table below. The after-tax return information shown below does not apply to Fund shares held through a tax-advantaged account, such as a 401(k) plan or an IRA.

 

8 

 

INVESTMENT ADVISER

 

Vulcan Value Partners, LLC is the investment adviser to the Fund.

 

PORTFOLIO MANAGER

 

C.T. Fitzpatrick, Chief Investment Officer of Vulcan Value Partners, LLC, has served as the Fund’s portfolio manager since its inception in December 2009.

 

PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES

 

The Fund is closed to new investors seeking to purchase shares of the Fund either directly or through third party intermediaries, except for new investors who are employees of the Adviser. Existing shareholders of the Fund may continue to purchase additional shares of the Fund. A financial advisor whose clients have established accounts in the Fund as of November 29, 2013, may continue to open new accounts in the Fund for any of its existing or new clients. Existing or new participants in a qualified retirement plan, such as a 401(k) plan, profit sharing plan, 403(b) plan or 457 plan, which has an existing position in the Fund as of November 29, 2013, may continue to open new accounts in the Fund. In addition, if such qualified retirement plans have a related retirement plan formed in the future, this plan may also open new accounts in the Fund.

 

The minimum investment to open a regular account in Investor Class shares is $5,000. The minimum investment to open a Coverdell Education Savings Account or a retirement fund account in Investor Class shares is $500. The subsequent investment minimum for any type of account in Investor Class shares is $500. The minimum investment to open any type of account in Institutional Class shares is $10 million. The subsequent investment minimum for any type of account in Institutional Class shares is $5,000.Purchases, exchanges and redemptions may be made on any business day through certain broker-dealers or other financial intermediaries, the Fund’s website at www.vulcanvaluepartners.com, by telephone at 877.421.5078, by regular mail at PO Box 1236, Denver, CO 80201-1236, or by a systematic purchase, exchange or withdrawal plan (must be a minimum of $500).

 

TAX INFORMATION

 

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Fund’s distributions may be taxable as ordinary income, capital gains or qualified dividend income, except when your investment is held in an IRA, 401(k) or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Subsequent withdrawals from such a tax-advantaged investment plan will be subject to special tax rules.

 

PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES

 

If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s Web site for more information.

 

9 

 

VULCAN VALUE PARTNERS FUND
VULCAN VALUE PARTNERS SMALL CAP FUND
(EACH, A “FUND” AND COLLECTIVELY, THE “FUNDS”)

 

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND PRINCIPAL STRATEGIES

 

This section describes each Fund’s investment objective and principal investment strategies. See “More on Each Fund’s Investments and Related Risks” in this Prospectus and the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) about each Fund’s investments and the risks of investing.

 

What is Each Fund’s Investment Objective?

 

Each Fund seeks to achieve long-term capital appreciation.

 

While there is no assurance that a Fund will achieve its investment objective, it endeavors to do so by following the strategies and policies described in this Prospectus.

 

The Trust’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”) may change the Fund’s investment objective or the Fund’s principal investment strategies without a shareholder vote. The Fund will notify you in writing at least sixty (60) days before making any such change. If there is a material change to a Fund’s investment objective or principal investment strategies, you should consider whether the Fund remains an appropriate investment for you.

 

What are the Funds’ Principal Investment Strategies?

 

Unless otherwise stated, the following investment philosophies and processes apply to each Fund.

 

VULCAN VALUE PARTNERS FUND seeks to achieve long-term capital appreciation by investing primarily in publicly traded mid- and large-capitalization U.S. companies believed to be both undervalued and possessing a sustainable competitive advantage.

 

VULCAN VALUE PARTNERS SMALL CAP FUND seeks to achieve long-term capital appreciation by investing primarily in publicly traded small-capitalization U.S. companies believed to be both undervalued and possessing a sustainable competitive advantage.

 

The Funds’ Investment Philosophies. Both Funds are value funds. Vulcan Value Partners, LLC (“Vulcan” or the “Adviser”) is the investment adviser to the Funds. The Funds view equity investments as ownership in a business enterprise and approach investing as long-term partial ownership of businesses. The Funds seek to purchase publicly traded companies at significant discounts to intrinsic worth. The Funds seek to invest for the long term, limiting the selection of qualifying investments to good businesses with identifiable, sustainable competitive advantages to maximize returns and to minimize risk. The Funds generally define risk as the probability of permanently losing capital over a five-year period. The Funds generally sell stocks when they approach their appraised value. The Funds seek to determine business or intrinsic value through disciplined financial analysis. The Funds believe that equities purchased at prices substantially less than their intrinsic worth generally afford capital protection from significant permanent loss and also create the possibility of substantial appreciation if the market recognizes the company’s economic value.

 

The Funds’ Investment Process. Under normal circumstances, both Funds follow the same investment disciplines and appraisal methods. The Funds identify companies that are believed to have sustainable competitive advantages allowing them to produce free cash flow and earn superior cash returns on capital. The Funds seek to invest in businesses that are run by ethical, capable, stockholder-oriented management teams that also are good operators, and, very importantly, understand the importance of capital allocation. The Funds then focus their analysis on the difference between price and value; that is, the difference between the price of the company’s securities and the appraised value of the securities. The greater the difference of value over price, the larger the margin of safety and the more attractive the investment. The Funds will generally invest larger amounts of their assets in companies determined to have lower price to value ratios and reduce capital committed to companies determined to have higher price to value ratios.

 

Under normal circumstances, at least eighty percent (80%) of the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund’s net assets are invested in small-cap companies. For purposes of this policy, the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund considers small-cap companies to be those companies included in, or similar in size to those included in, the Russell 2000® Index at the time of purchase. As of June 30, 2018, the latest reconstitution date, the median market capitalization of the Russell 2000® Index was approximately $928.0 million and the top of this range was approximately $6.7 billion. The Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund’s capitalization range will change over time. For purposes of the Fund’s 80% investment policy, the Fund considers small-cap companies to be those companies whose market capitalization at the time of purchase is within the market capitalization range of companies in the Russell 2000® Index during the most recent 12-month period (based on month-end data). As of June 30, 2018, this range was approximately $7.7 million to $17.3 billion; however, this capitalization range is expected to change over time.

 

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Vulcan Value Partners Fund

 

The portfolio strategy for the Vulcan Value Partners Fund invests in companies with larger market capitalizations. Generally, subject to price, any publicly traded company with reasonable economics would be a potential investment in this portfolio. A core position in the Fund is generally approximately 5% of the Fund’s portfolio, so that theoretically the Fund would seek to hold about 20 companies, spread across various industries. Because it is rare that the Fund would find exactly 20 companies meeting its investment guidelines, allocations will vary with the price to value ratio of specific companies. The Fund may invest in positions as small as 1% when price to value ratios are higher. The Fund generally will not invest in any business that is trading above the Fund’s estimate of its fair value. Most of these securities are listed on the major securities exchanges. The Fund may invest up to 30% of net assets in publicly traded foreign securities. The Fund may hold up to 10% of net assets in illiquid securities. If investments meeting the Fund’s criteria are not available, the Fund may invest the Fund’s assets temporarily in obligations of the U.S. government and its agencies, or in other money market instruments.

 

Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund

 

With respect to the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund, once the Fund owns a company, the Fund will not necessarily sell it just because it has grown to a size that the Fund would not consider to be small cap. A core position in the Fund is generally approximately 5% of the Fund’s portfolio, so that theoretically the Fund would seek to hold about 20 companies, spread across various industries. Because it is rare that the Fund would find exactly 20 companies meeting its investment guidelines, allocations will vary with the price to value ratio of specific companies. The Fund may invest in positions as small as less than 1% when price to value ratios are higher. The Fund generally will not invest in any business that is trading above the Fund’s estimate of its fair value. Most of these securities are listed on the major securities exchanges. The Fund may invest up to 30% of net assets in publicly traded foreign securities. The Fund may hold up to 10% of net assets in illiquid securities. If investments meeting the Fund’s criteria are not available, the Fund may invest the Fund’s assets temporarily in obligations of the U.S. government and its agencies, or in other money market instruments.

 

MORE ON EACH FUND’S INVESTMENTS AND RELATED RISKS

 

Each Fund’s investment objective and its principal investment strategies are described above under “Investment Objective and Principal Investment Strategies.” This section provides additional information about each Fund’s investment strategies and certain portfolio management techniques each Fund may use, as well as the principal and other risks that may affect each Fund’s portfolio. Additional information about some of these investments and portfolio management techniques and their associated risks is included in each Fund’s SAI, which is available without charge upon request (see back cover).

 

What are the Principal Securities in Which the Funds Invest?

 

Equity Securities

 

Equity securities are securities which signify ownership interest in a corporation and represent a claim on part of the corporation’s assets and earnings. Equity securities may include common stocks, preferred stocks, convertible securities, equity interest in non-U.S. investments or trusts, depositary receipts, equity interests in publicly traded limited partnerships/units and other equity investments. Each Fund may invest in equity or equity-related securities and equipment lease certificates, equipment trust certificates and conditional sales contracts, or limited partnership interests.

 

Foreign Securities

 

Each Fund may invest directly in publicly traded foreign securities denominated in a foreign currency and not publicly traded in the United States. Other ways of investing in foreign securities include depositary receipts or shares and passive foreign investment companies.

 

What are the Non-Principal Strategies of Each Fund?

 

Unless otherwise stated within its specific investment policies, each Fund may also invest in other types of domestic and foreign securities and use other investment strategies. These securities and strategies are not principal investment strategies of the Fund. If successful, they may benefit the Fund by earning a return on the Fund’s assets or by reducing risk; however, they may not achieve the Fund’s objective. These securities and strategies may include:

 

Investment grade debt securities of publicly traded companies;

 

indexed/structured securities; and

 

securities purchased on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis.

 

Exchange Traded Funds

 

Each Fund may invest in shares of exchange traded funds (“ETFs”) and other similar instruments if the Adviser chooses to adjust the Fund’s exposure to the general market or industry sectors and to manage the Fund’s risk exposure. ETFs differ from traditional index funds in that their shares are listed on a securities exchange and can be traded intraday. ETF shares are shares of exchange traded investment companies that are registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), and hold a portfolio of common stocks designed to track the performance of a particular index. Limitations of the 1940 Act may prohibit the Fund from acquiring more than 3% of the outstanding shares of certain ETFs. Instruments that are similar to ETFs represent beneficial ownership interests in specific “baskets” of stocks of companies within a particular industry sector or group. These securities may also be exchange traded, but unlike ETFs, the issuers of these securities are not registered as investment companies.

 

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Portfolio Turnover

 

Each Fund may engage in short-term trading. This means that the Fund may buy a security and sell that security a short period of time after its purchase to realize gains if the Adviser believes that the sale is in the best interest of the Fund (for example, if the Adviser believes an alternative investment has greater growth potential). This activity will increase the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate and generate higher transaction costs due to commissions or dealer mark-ups and other expenses that would reduce the Fund’s investment performance. In addition, a high level of short-term trading may increase the amount of taxable distributions to shareholders that would reduce the after-tax returns of the Fund and, in particular, may generate short-term capital gains that when distributed to shareholders are taxed as ordinary income.

 

Illiquid Investments

 

Each Fund may invest up to 10% of its net assets in illiquid investments. An illiquid investment is a security or other position that cannot be disposed of quickly in the normal course of business (within seven days). For example, some securities are not registered under U.S. securities laws and cannot be sold to the U.S. public because of SEC regulations (these are known as “restricted securities”). Under procedures adopted by the Board, certain restricted securities may be deemed liquid and will not be counted toward this 10% limit.

 

In October 2016, the SEC adopted a liquidity risk management rule, Rule 22e-4 (the “Liquidity Rule”) that will require the Funds to establish a liquidity risk management program by December 1, 2018, at which point the Funds became subject to guidelines set forth in the Funds’ liquidity risk management program, which may be different from, or in addition to, the guidelines discussed above. The impact the Liquidity Rule has on the Funds is not yet fully known, but the Liquidity Rule could impact the Funds’ performance and their ability to achieve their investment objectives.

 

Temporary Defensive Investments/Cash Positions

 

Each Fund may, from time to time, invest all of its assets in short-term instruments or hold cash when the Adviser determines that adverse market, economic, political or other conditions call for a temporary defensive posture. For example, when the Adviser believes that market conditions are unfavorable for profitable investing, or when it is otherwise unable to locate attractive investment opportunities, a Fund’s cash or similar investments may increase. When a Fund’s investments in cash or similar investments increase, it may not participate in market advance or declines to the same extent that it would if the Fund remained more fully invested. Such a defensive position may result in a Fund failing to achieve its investment objective.

 

Investment Limitations

 

Unless otherwise indicated all limitations on Fund investments listed in this Prospectus will apply to a Fund’s holdings on an ongoing basis. Unless otherwise indicated, references to assets in the percentage limitations on the Fund’s investments refer to total assets.

 

ReFlow Liquidity Program

 

Each Fund may participate in the ReFlow liquidity program, which is designed to provide an alternative liquidity source for mutual funds experiencing net redemptions of their shares. Pursuant to the program, ReFlow Fund, LLC (“ReFlow”) provides participating mutual funds with a source of cash to meet net shareholder redemptions by standing ready each business day to purchase fund shares up to the value of the net shares redeemed by other shareholders that are to settle the next business day. ReFlow will purchase shares of the Fund at net asset value and will not be subject to any investment minimums. Following purchases of Fund shares, ReFlow then generally redeems those shares when the Fund experiences net subscriptions, at the end of a maximum holding period determined by ReFlow (currently 28 days), or at other times as the Fund may request. ReFlow may choose to redeem its position in the Fund with an in-kind transfer of securities, instead of cash, enabling the Fund to avoid a realization of capital gains on the securities it transfers. ReFlow will not be subject to any short-term redemption fees. While ReFlow holds Fund shares, it will have the same rights and privileges with respect to those shares as any other shareholder. For use of the ReFlow service, a Fund pays a fee to ReFlow each time it purchases Fund shares, calculated by applying to the purchase amount a fee rate determined through an automated daily auction among participating mutual funds. The current minimum fee rate is 0.20% of the value of the Fund shares purchased by ReFlow although the Fund may submit a bid at a higher fee rate if it determines that doing so is in the best interest of Fund shareholders. In accordance with federal securities laws, ReFlow is prohibited from acquiring more than 3% of the outstanding voting securities of a Fund. There is no assurance that ReFlow will have sufficient funds available to meet the Funds’ liquidity needs on a particular day.

 

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What are the Principal Risks of Investing in Each Fund?

 

The following is a description of the principal risks of each Fund’s portfolio that may adversely affect its net asset value and total return. Unless otherwise stated, these risks apply to each Fund. There are other circumstances (including additional risks that are not described here) which could prevent a Fund from achieving its investment objective. It is important to read all of the disclosure information provided and to understand that you may lose money by investing in a Fund.

 

Stock Market Risk

 

The Funds invest primarily in common stocks or securities convertible to common stocks. Equity investments are subject to declines in a company’s share price or in the overall stock market. The value of your investment in a Fund fluctuates daily with stock price movements and, upon redemption, may be worth more or less than what you paid. The Funds seek to minimize this risk of loss of capital by (i) seeking a substantial margin of safety for securities purchases in terms of the extent to which the Fund’s appraised value for a security exceeds the corresponding price, and (ii) limiting investments to companies believed to have identifiable, sustainable competitive advantages that will allow them to produce free cash flow and earn superior cash returns on capital. While the ability to hold shares through periods of volatility may protect long-term investors from permanent loss, there is a risk that investments may never reach what the Funds believe are their true values, either because the market fails to recognize that value or because the Funds did not accurately predict the true value. Loss of money is, therefore, a risk of investing in the Funds.

 

Business Ownership Risk

 

The Funds treat investing as partial ownership of qualifying businesses. As partial owners of these companies, the Funds face the risks inherent in owning a business. First, the company’s operations must be successful. The successful operation of a business depends heavily on the skills and performance of that company’s management team. To minimize this risk, the Funds evaluate business risks, assess people and scrutinize competitive strengths in the assessment of long-term investment qualifications. The Funds seek to limit their investments to businesses that are run by ethical, capable, stockholder-oriented management teams that also are good operators and, very importantly, understand the importance of capital allocation.

 

Another risk of owning a company is financial risk. The analysis of a company’s financial strength is important, as the Funds do not intend to invest in business enterprises with inferior economics that are simply statistically cheap. The Funds believe that a good business produces free cash flow and high returns on investment capital without leverage. Leverage is an important consideration in the analysis because it increases both the risk and the potential for return. The Funds believe that good businesses can enhance their returns to equity investors with an efficient capital structure and prudent leverage, but the Funds generally view leveraged businesses with skepticism.

 

A third risk is whether a company can control costs and retain pricing power. The Funds strive to limit the selection of qualifying investments to good businesses with identifiable, sustainable competitive advantages. The Funds prefer to own businesses with strong purchasing power and the ability to pass cost increases on to customers.

 

Small- and Medium-Size Company Risk

 

The Funds may invest in the securities of companies with small or medium market capitalizations. Small-or medium-sized companies may have more limited product lines, markets, and financial resources than larger companies. In addition, their securities may trade less frequently and in more limited volume than those of larger companies. Small- or mid-cap stocks may be more volatile than those of larger companies and, where trading volume is thin, the ability to dispose of such securities may be more limited. Because the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund normally invests at least 80% of its net equity assets in securities of smaller companies, these risks may be increased.

 

Non-Diversification Risk and Securities Concentration Limitations

 

A mutual fund may elect to operate as a “diversified company,” which generally is defined in Section 5(b)(1) of the 1940 Act as any management investment company, if at least 75 percent of the company’s assets consist of cash, cash items, government securities, securities of other investment companies, and other securities. For the purposes of this calculation, “other securities” are limited in regard to any issuer to an amount not greater than 5 percent of the value of the total assets of the management company and to not more than 10 percent of the outstanding voting securities of the issuer. The Funds have chosen to be classified as non-diversified. As a result, an increase or decrease in the value of a single security may have a greater impact on a Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”) and total return. Being non-diversified may also cause a Fund to be more susceptible to financial, economic, political or other developments that may impact a security. Although a Fund may from time to time satisfy the requirements for a diversified fund, its non-diversified classification gives the Funds’ portfolio manager more flexibility to hold larger positions in a smaller number of securities than a fund that is classified as diversified.

 

The Funds have chosen to operate under certain self-imposed limitations that are unrelated to the diversification tests under Section 5(b)(1) of the 1940 Act. Each Fund will ensure that no issuer’s securities will constitute more than 10% of the Fund’s assets. In addition, each Fund will be allowed to invest up to, but no more than, an aggregate of 40% of its assets in positions where the investment in the securities of an issuer exceeds 5% of the Fund’s assets. Both of these tests will be applied to the Fund’s holdings on an ongoing basis.

 

13 

 

Non-U.S. Securities Risk

 

Investments in non-U.S. securities may experience additional risks compared to investments in securities of U.S. companies. The securities markets of many non-U.S. countries are relatively small, with a limited number of issuers and securities. Furthermore, non-U.S. taxes also could detract from performance. Companies based in non-U.S. countries may not be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices as stringent as those in the United States. Therefore, their financial reports may present an incomplete, untimely or misleading picture of a non-U.S. company, as compared to the financial reports of U.S. companies. Nationalization, expropriations or confiscatory taxation, currency blockage, political changes or diplomatic developments can cause the value of a Fund’s investments in a non-U.S. country to decline. In the event of nationalization, expropriation or other confiscation, a Fund could lose its entire investment in that country.

 

Currency Risk

 

This is the risk that fluctuations in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and non-U.S. currencies may cause the value of a Fund’s non-U.S. investments to decline in terms of U.S. dollars. Additionally, certain of a Fund’s foreign currency transactions may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency. See “Taxes” below. Funds that may invest in securities denominated in, or which receive revenues in, non-U.S. currencies are subject to this risk.

 

Managed Portfolio Risk

 

As an actively managed portfolio, the value of each Fund’s investments could decline because the financial condition of an issuer may change (due to such factors as management performance, reduced demand or overall market changes), financial markets may fluctuate or overall prices may decline, or the Adviser’s investment techniques could fail to achieve a Fund’s investment objective.

 

What are the Non-Principal Risks of Investing in Each Fund?

 

Exchange Traded Funds Risk

 

Each Fund’s investment in ETFs that are financially leveraged may create an opportunity for greater total return on its investment, but at the same time may be expected to exhibit more volatility in market price and net asset value than an investment in shares of investment companies without a leveraged capital structure. In addition, due to the compounding of daily returns, leveraged ETFs might not track their intended benchmark over longer periods of time.

 

Credit Risk

 

The companies in which a Fund may invest may have their credit rating downgraded, fail financially or be unwilling or unable to make timely payments of interest or principal, thereby reducing the value of the Fund’s portfolio and its income.

 

Liquidity and Valuation Risk

 

Because the Funds are non-diversified under the 1940 Act, the Funds are permitted to take relatively large ownership positions in some companies, and Vulcan may purchase the same security for more than one Fund as well as Vulcan’s separately managed account clients. It is possible that a Fund, or more than one Fund in combination with Vulcan’s separately managed account clients, may own more than 5% of a company’s equity securities and may own up to 15% or more of some companies, though each Fund is limited to no more than 10% of any company. Depending on market conditions and trading volume, disposing of such holdings could be more difficult than if the Funds and Vulcan’s other clients owned a smaller amount. Because selling a large position may take longer, a Fund may be more susceptible to price fluctuations. The Funds’ SAI contains more information about the diversification tests and concentration limits with respect to the companies in which each Fund may invest.

 

In addition, certain of each Fund’s, and in particular, the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund’s, investments may be exposed to liquidity risk due to low trading volume, lack of a market maker or legal restrictions limiting the ability of the Fund to sell particular securities at an advantageous price and/or time. As a result, these securities may be more difficult to value. Securities that involve substantial interest rate or credit risk tend to involve greater liquidity risk. In addition, liquidity and valuation risk tends to increase to the extent the Fund invests in securities whose sale may be restricted by law or by contract, such as Rule 144A securities and foreign securities, particularly those of issuers located in emerging markets.

 

Leverage Risk

 

Leverage occurs when a Fund increases its assets available for investment through borrowings or similar transactions. In accordance with the Fund’s investment policy, the Fund may engage in transactions that create leverage, including, but not limited to, borrowing money from banks to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, only for purposes of meeting short term cash flow needs for redemptions only, not for investment or other purposes. A Fund’s use of leverage may result in risks and can magnify the effect of any gains or losses, causing the Fund to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged.

 

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Cybersecurity Risk

 

In connection with the increased use of technologies such as the Internet and the dependence on computer systems to perform necessary business functions, a Fund may be susceptible to operational, information security and related risks due to the possibility of cyber-attacks or other incidents. Cyber incidents may result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events. Cyber-attacks include, but are not limited to, infection by computer viruses or other malicious software code, gaining unauthorized access to systems, networks or devices that are used to service a Fund’s operations through hacking or other means for the purpose of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data or causing operational disruption. Cyber-attacks may also be carried out in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, such as causing denial-of-service attacks (which can make a website unavailable) on a Funds’ website. In addition, authorized persons could inadvertently or intentionally release confidential or proprietary information stored on a Fund’s systems.

 

Cybersecurity failures or breaches by a Fund’s third-party service providers (including, but not limited to, the Adviser, distributor, custodian, transfer agent and financial intermediaries) may cause disruptions and impact the service providers’ and a Fund’s business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses, the inability of Fund shareholders to transact business and the mutual funds to process transactions, inability to calculate a Fund’s net asset value, violations of applicable privacy and other laws, regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs and/or additional compliance costs. A Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result of successful cyber-attacks against, or security breakdowns of, a Fund or its third-party service providers.

 

A Fund may incur substantial costs to prevent or address cyber incidents in the future. In addition, there is a possibility that certain risks have not been adequately identified or prepared for. Furthermore, a Fund cannot directly control any cyber security plans and systems put in place by third party service providers. Cyber security risks are also present for issuers of securities in which a Fund invests, which could result in material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause a Fund’s investment in such securities to lose value.

 

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

 

The Funds’ policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Funds’ portfolio securities are described in the Funds’ SAI.

 

MANAGEMENT

 

Vulcan Value Partners, LLC (“Vulcan” or the “Adviser”), subject to the authority of the Board, is responsible for the overall management and administration of the Funds’ business affairs and is engaged to manage the investments of each of the Funds in accordance with its investment objective, policies and limitations and investment guidelines established by the Adviser and the Board. Formed in 2007, Vulcan managed approximately $12.3 billion in client assets at December 31, 2018 and is registered with the SEC as an investment adviser. The Adviser’s principal address is Three Protective Center, 2801 Highway 280 South, Suite 300, Birmingham, AL 35223.

 

Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”), the Vulcan Value Partners Fund and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund pay the Adviser an annual management fee of 1.00% and 1.15%, respectively, based on the Fund’s average daily net assets. The management fee is paid on a monthly basis.

 

During the most recent fiscal year ended April 30, 2018, each Fund paid the following annual advisory fee as a percentage of daily net assets (net of waivers) to the Fund’s investment advisor. Daily investment decisions are made by the portfolio manager to the Funds, whose investment experience is described below under the heading “Portfolio Managers.”

 

Fund

TOTAL ANNUAL ADVISORY FEE (AS A PERCENTAGE OF DAILY NET ASSETS)

ANNUAL ADVISORY FEE TO INVESTMENT ADVISER (AS A PERCENTAGE OF DAILY NET ASSETS)

Vulcan Value Partners Fund

1.15%

1.15%

Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund

1.00%

1.00%

 

The initial term of the Advisory Agreement is two years. The Board may extend the Advisory Agreement for additional one-year terms. The Board, shareholders of the Funds or the Adviser may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon sixty (60) days’ notice. A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the renewal of the Funds’ Advisory Agreement was provided in the Funds’ annual report to shareholders for the period ending April 30, 2018.

 

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The Adviser has contractually agreed to limit the Fund’s total annual fund operating expenses (exclusive of Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, brokerage expenses, interest expense, taxes and extraordinary expenses) with respect to Investor Class shares to 1.25% of each of the Fund’s average daily net assets. This agreement (the “Investor Class Shares Expense Agreement”) is in effect through August 31, 2019. The Adviser will be permitted to recapture, on a class-by-class basis, expenses it has borne through the Investor Class Shares Expense Agreement to the extent that the Fund’s expenses in later periods fall below the annual rates set forth in the Investor Class Shares Expense Agreement or in previous letter agreements; provided, however, that such recapture payments do not cause the Fund’s expense ratio (after recapture) to exceed the lesser of (i) the expense cap in effect at the time of the waiver and (ii) the expense cap in effect at the time of the recapture. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund will not be obligated to pay any such deferred fees and expenses more than three years after the date on which the fees or expenses were deferred. The Adviser may not discontinue or modify this waiver prior to August 31, 2019 without the approval by the Fund’s Board of Trustees.

 

In addition, the Advisor has contractually agreed to limit the Funds’ total annual fund operating expenses to 0.85% and 1.00% of the average daily net assets for the Institutional Share classes of the Vulcan Value Partners Fund and the Vulcan Value Small Cap Fund, respectively. This agreement (the “Institutional Share Class Expense Agreement”) is in effect through August 31, 2020. The Adviser will be permitted to recapture, on a class-by-class basis, expenses it has borne through the Institutional Share Class Expense Agreement to the extent that the Fund’s expenses in later periods fall below the annual rates set forth in the Institutional Share Class Expense Agreement or in previous letter agreements; provided, however, that such recapture payments do not cause the Fund’s expense ratio (after recapture) to exceed the lesser of (i) the expense cap in effect at the time of the waiver and (ii) the expense cap in effect at the time of the recapture. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund will not be obligated to pay any such deferred fees and expenses more than three years after the date on which the fees or expenses were deferred. The Adviser may not discontinue or modify this waiver prior to August 31, 2020 without the approval by the Fund’s Board of Trustees.

 

THE PORTFOLIO MANAGER

 

The portfolio manager is primarily responsible for the day-to-day operation of each Fund and has served as the applicable Fund’s portfolio manager since that Fund’s inception in December 2009. More information about the portfolio manager’s compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio manager and the portfolio manager’s ownership of securities in each Fund is included in the SAI.

 

C.T. Fitzpatrick. Mr. Fitzpatrick, as the Chief Investment Officer of Vulcan and the portfolio manager for each Fund, leads Vulcan’s research team, which is responsible for stock selection. As the Funds’ sole portfolio manager, Mr. Fitzpatrick has discretion over each Fund’s assets and exercises final investment decision-making for each Fund. In addition, Mr. Fitzpatrick oversees the structuring of portfolios for consistency with each Fund’s guidelines and regulatory requirements. Mr. Fitzpatrick is the Founder of Vulcan and has been the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer of Vulcan since 2007. Prior to founding Vulcan in 2007, Mr. Fitzpatrick was a principal and portfolio manager at Southeastern Asset Management from 1990 to 2007.

 

Team Approach. Although each of the Funds has a single portfolio manager, day-to-day management of the portfolios is a team effort, requiring the involvement of Vulcan’s full research staff as well as administrative support. Each member of the research team is encouraged to produce ideas for any portfolio in any industry, limited only by the parameters of the Funds’ and Vulcan’s investment criteria. Once an idea is generated, it is reviewed and analyzed by the full research team for qualification under Vulcan’s investment criteria. This team approach reinforces Vulcan’s disciplines, as it requires each team member to participate in the analysis and evaluation of each potential investment. Once an idea has qualified for investment, the research team recommends to Mr. Fitzpatrick which model portfolio to assign the investment to and in what amount. To monitor individual client guidelines, regulatory requirements, cash movements and progress regarding purchases and sales of securities, the research team works with Vulcan’s trading, legal, accounting, compliance and client service functions. The research team receives regular reports from each of these departments to facilitate day-to-day management of portfolios, and to ensure that investment decisions are consistent with investment mandates and regulatory requirements.

 

ADMINISTRATOR, DISTRIBUTOR AND TRANSFER AGENT

 

ALPS Fund Services, Inc. serves as the Funds’ administrator, fund accounting agent and transfer agent, and ALPS Distributors, Inc. (“ADI” or the “Distributor”) serves as the Funds’ distributor.

 

BUYING, EXCHANGING AND REDEEMING SHARES

 

Classes of Shares

 

Each Fund currently offers two classes of shares: Investor Class and Institutional Class shares.

 

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Types of Account Ownership

 

Please refer to www.vulcanvaluepartners.com or an account application for specific requirements to open and maintain an account.

 

Individual or Joint Ownership

 

Individual accounts are owned by one person. Joint accounts have two or more owners.

 

Trust

 

An established trust can open an account. The names of each trustee, the name of the trust and the date of the trust agreement must be included on the application.

 

Business Accounts

 

Corporations and partnerships may also open an account. The application must be signed by an authorized officer of the corporation or a general partner of the partnership.

 

Tax-Advantaged Accounts

 

Please refer to the account application for specific requirements to open and maintain an account. Certain tax-advantaged accounts can only be opened and maintained via written request. Please contact an ALPS representative for more information.

 

If you are eligible, you may set up one or more tax-advantaged accounts. A tax advantaged account allows you to shield your investment income and capital gains from current income taxes. Subject to restrictions, a tax-advantaged account may either allow you to currently deduct amounts contributed to such accounts or allow you to receive tax-free distributions. The types of tax-advantaged accounts that may be opened with ALPS are described below. Investors should consult their tax adviser or legal counsel before selecting a tax-advantaged account.

 

Investing for Your Retirement

 

Please visit www.vulcanvaluepartners.com or call an ALPS representative for more complete information regarding the different types of IRAs available. Distributions from these plans may be subject to income tax and generally to an additional tax if withdrawn prior to age 59-1/2 or used for a nonqualifying purpose.

 

Traditional and Roth IRAs

 

Both types of IRAs allow most individuals with earned income to contribute up to the lesser of $6,000 (for 2019) or 100% of compensation. IRA holders age 50 or older may contribute an additional $1,000.

 

Simplified Employee Pension (“SEP”) IRA

 

This plan allows self-employed individuals and small business owners (including sole proprietors) to make tax deductible contributions for themselves and any eligible employee(s). A SEP requires an IRA (a “SEP-IRA”) to be set up for each SEP participant.

 

Investment Minimums

 

The minimum investment to open a regular account in Investor Class shares of either Fund is $5,000. The minimum investment to open a Coverdell Education Savings Account or a retirement Fund account in Investor Class shares is $500. The subsequent investment minimum for any type of account in Investor Class shares is $500. The minimum investment to open any type of account in Institutional Class shares is $10 million. The subsequent investment minimum for any type of account in Institutional Class shares is $5,000.

 

Each Fund reserves the right to waive or change minimum and additional investment amounts. For accounts sold through financial intermediaries, it is the primary responsibility of the financial intermediary to ensure compliance with investment minimums. Employees of Vulcan Value Partners are not subject to any initial or subsequent investment minimums.

 

Buying Shares

 

Effective as of the close of business on November 29, 2013 and June 1, 2015, the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund and the Vulcan Value Partners Fund, respectively, (the “Vulcan Funds”) are closed to new investors, except for new investors who are employees of the Adviser and as described below. This change will affect new investors seeking to purchase shares of the Vulcan Funds either directly or through third party intermediaries. Existing shareholders of the Vulcan Funds may continue to purchase additional shares of the Vulcan Funds.

 

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A financial advisor whose clients have established accounts in the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund as of November 29, 2013 or the Vulcan Value Partners Fund as of June 1, 2015 may continue to open new accounts in the Vulcan Funds for any of its existing or new clients.

 

Existing or new participants in a qualified retirement plan, such as a 401(k) plan, profit sharing plan, 403(b) plan or 457 plan, which has an existing position in the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund as of November 29, 2013 or the Vulcan Value Partners Fund as of June 1, 2015, may continue to open new accounts in the Vulcan Funds. In addition, if such qualified retirement plans have a related retirement plan formed in the future, this plan may also open new accounts in the Vulcan Funds.

 

The Vulcan Funds retain the right to make exceptions to any action taken to close the Vulcan Funds or limit inflows into the Vulcan Funds.

 

Certain tax-advantaged accounts can only be opened and maintained via written request. Please contact an ALPS representative for more information.

 

Online at www.vulcanvaluepartners.com

 

You may open a new Fund account, or you may buy shares in an existing Fund account. You may elect to have ALPS electronically withdraw funds from your designated bank account. A real-time confirmation of your transaction will be provided via www.vulcanvaluepartners.com.

 

By Telephone

 

For an existing account, you may call 877.421.5078 to buy shares 24 hours a day or you may call an ALPS representative during normal business hours. ALPS will electronically withdraw funds from your designated bank account.

 

You may also buy shares by wiring money from your bank account to your Fund account. For wiring instructions, call an ALPS representative.

 

By Mail/In Writing

 

To open your Fund account, complete and sign the appropriate application. Make your check payable to the Fund(s) or elect a one-time electronic withdrawal from your bank account as noted on the appropriate application.

 

To buy additional shares, send your check and written instructions to the address listed below. If you are making a purchase into a retirement account, please indicate whether the purchase is a rollover or a current or prior year contribution.

 

Regular Mail:
Vulcan Value Partners Fund
or Vulcan Value Partners
Small Cap Fund
PO Box 1236
Denver, CO 80201
Overnight Address:
Vulcan Value Partners Fund
or Vulcan Value Partners
Small Cap Fund
1290 Broadway, Suite 1100
Denver, CO 80203

The Funds do not consider the US Postal Service or other independent delivery services to be their agents. Therefore, deposit in the mail or with such services, or receipt at the Vulcan Value Partners Funds’ post office box, of purchase orders or redemption requests does not constitute receipt by the Funds.

 

By Automated Investments

 

To buy additional shares through the Automatic Investment Program, you select the frequency with which your money ($500 minimum) will be electronically transferred from your bank account to your Fund account. Certain tax-advantaged accounts are not eligible for automated investments.

 

When purchasing shares through the Automatic Investment Program, if no date or dollar amount is specified on your application, investments of $500 will be made on the 20th of each month. Your first automatic investment may take up to two weeks to establish. If the balance in the account you are buying into falls to zero as the result of a redemption or exchange, your Automatic Investment Program will be discontinued.

 

We may make additional attempts to debit your pre-designated bank account for automated investments that initially fail. You are liable for any costs associated with these additional attempts. If your automated investment fails, you may purchase shares of the Funds by submitting good funds via another method accepted by the Funds (e.g., by wire transfer). In this case, your purchase will be processed at the next NAV determined after we receive good funds, not at the NAV available as of the date of the original request.

 

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In order to buy, redeem or exchange shares at that day’s price, you must place your order with a Fund or its agent before the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) closes (normally, 4 p.m. Eastern time). If the NYSE closes early, you must place your order prior to the actual closing time. Orders received by financial intermediaries prior to the close of trading on the NYSE will be confirmed at the offering price computed as of the close of the trading on the NYSE. It is the responsibility of the financial intermediary to insure that all orders are transmitted in a timely manner to the Fund. Otherwise, you will receive the next business day’s price.

 

You may purchase or sell Fund shares through a broker-dealer, bank or other financial institution, or an organization that provides record keeping and consulting services to 401(k) plans or other employee benefit plans (an “Intermediary”). Intermediaries may charge you a fee for this service and may require different minimum initial and subsequent investments than the Funds. Intermediaries may also impose other charges or restrictions different from those applicable to shareholders who invest in the Funds directly. Therefore, it may cost more for you to purchase shares through an Intermediary than to purchase shares directly from the Funds. An Intermediary, rather than you as its customer, may be the shareholder of record of your shares. In general, purchase or redemption requests made through an Intermediary will be priced based on the net asset value next calculated after receipt of the request by the Intermediary, even if the Intermediary submits such requests to the Funds after such net asset value has been calculated. The Funds are not responsible for the failure of any Intermediary to carry out its obligations to its customers. Contact your financial intermediary or refer to your plan documents for instructions on how to purchase, exchange or redeem shares.

 

Investors may be charged a fee if they effect transactions through broker or agent. The Funds have authorized one or more brokers to receive on their behalf purchase and redemption orders. Such brokers are authorized to designate other intermediaries to receive purchase and redemption orders on a Fund’s behalf. A Fund will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when an authorized broker or, if applicable, a broker’s authorized designee, receives the order. Customer orders will be priced at a Fund’s Net Asset Value next computed after they are received by an authorized broker or the broker’s authorized designee.

 

The Funds will generally accept purchases only in US dollars drawn from US financial institutions. Cashier’s checks, third party checks, money orders, credit card convenience checks, cash or equivalents or payments in foreign currencies are not acceptable forms of payment. You may also contact the Funds to request a purchase of Fund shares using securities you own. The Funds reserve the right to refuse or accept such requests in whole or in part.

 

With certain limited exceptions, the Funds are available only to U.S. citizens or residents.

 

Payments to Financial Intermediaries

 

The Adviser and/or its affiliates may enter into arrangements to make payments for additional activities to select financial intermediaries intended to result in the sale of Fund shares and/or other shareholder servicing activities out of the Adviser’s own resources (which may include profits from providing advisory services to each Fund). These payments are often referred to as “revenue sharing payments” and the revenue sharing payment amounts generally vary by financial intermediary. The aggregate amount of the revenue sharing payments are determined by the Adviser and may be substantial. Revenue sharing payments create no additional cost to each Fund or its applicable shareholders.

 

Revenue sharing payments may create an incentive for a financial intermediary or its employees or associated persons to recommend or sell shares of each Fund to you, rather than shares of another mutual fund. Please contact your financial intermediary’s investment professional for details about revenue sharing payments it may be receiving.

 

Networking, Sub-Accounting and Administrative Fees

 

Select financial intermediaries may enter into arrangements with each Fund, or its designees, to perform certain networking, recordkeeping, sub-accounting and/or administrative services for shareholders of each Fund. These actives are routinely processed through the National Securities Clearing Corporation’s Fund/SERV and Trust Networking systems or similar systems. In consideration for providing these services in an automated environment, such financial intermediaries may receive compensation from each Fund. Any such compensation by each Fund to these select financial intermediaries for the aforementioned services is in addition to, and distinct from any distribution related services, if applicable, provided to the applicable Fund shareholders.

 

Exchanging Shares

 

If you have held all or part of your shares in a Fund for at least seven days, you may exchange those shares for shares of the other Fund if such Fund is available for sale in your state and meets the investment criteria of the investor.

 

If you are an existing shareholder of either Fund, you may exchange into a new account copying your existing account registration and options. Exchanges between accounts will be accepted only if registrations are identical.

 

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You may also transfer between classes of a Fund if you meet the minimum investment requirements for the class into which you would like to transfer.

 

An exchange represents the sale of shares from one fund and the purchase of shares of another fund. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, this may produce a taxable gain or loss in your non-tax-advantaged account. Transfers between classes of the same Fund are generally not considered a taxable transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes, but may result in tax reporting obligations.

 

Online at www.vulcanvaluepartners.com

 

Exchanges may be made online via www.vulcanvaluepartners.com. A real-time confirmation of your transaction will be provided via www.vulcanvaluepartners.com.

 

By Telephone

 

For an existing account, you may exchange shares by calling 877.421.5078 during normal business hours.

 

By Systematic Exchange

 

You determine the amount of money you would like automatically exchanged from one Fund account to another on any day of the month. Exchanges between existing Fund accounts must meet the $500 subsequent investment requirement. For Systematic Exchanges, if no date is specified on your request, systematic exchanges will be made on the 20th of each month. If the balance in the Fund account you are exchanging from falls below the Systematic Exchange amount, all remaining shares will be exchanged and your Systematic Exchange Program will be discontinued.

 

Exchanges must meet the minimum investment requirements described in this Prospectus.

 

An exchange represents the sale of shares from one Fund and the purchase of shares of the other Fund. This may produce a taxable gain or loss in your non-tax-advantaged account. If you exchange shares within 90 calendar days from their date of purchase, you may be subject to the redemption fee as described in this Prospectus in “Redemption Fees” below.

 

The exchange privilege may be modified or terminated upon sixty (60) days’ written notice to shareholders. Although initially there will be no limit on the number of times you may exercise the exchange privilege, each Fund reserves the right to impose such a limitation. Call or write the Funds for further details.

 

Redeeming Shares

 

It is anticipated that a Fund will meet redemption requests through the sale of portfolio assets or from its holdings in cash or cash equivalents. A Fund may use the proceeds from the sale of portfolio assets to meet redemption requests if consistent with the management of the Fund. These redemption methods will be used regularly and may also be used in stressed or abnormal market conditions, including circumstances adversely affecting the liquidity of a Fund’s investments, in which case a Fund may be more likely to be forced to sell its holdings to meet redemptions than under normal market conditions. Each Fund reserves the right to redeem in kind. Redemptions in kind typically are used to meet redemption requests that represent a large percentage of a Fund’s net assets in order to limit the impact of a large redemption on the Fund and its remaining shareholders. Redemptions in kind may be used in normal as well as in stressed market conditions. A Fund may also borrow, or draw on lines of credit that may be available to the Fund individually or to the Trust, in order to meet redemption requests during stressed market conditions. Under the 1940 Act, a Fund is limited as to the amount that it may borrow and accordingly, borrowings (including those made under a line of credit) might be insufficient to meet redemption requests.

 

Online at www.vulcanvaluepartners.com

 

Redemptions may be made online via www.vulcanvaluepartners.com.

 

By Telephone

 

For an existing account, you may call 877.421.5078 during normal business hours.

 

By Mail/In Writing

 

To redeem shares by mail, please send written instructions to the address listed below. Please call an ALPS representative for further details.

 

Regular Mail:
Vulcan Value Partners Fund
or Vulcan Value Partners
Small Cap Fund
PO Box 1236
Denver, CO 80201
Overnight Address:
Vulcan Value Partners Fund
or Vulcan Value Partners
Small Cap Fund
1290 Broadway, Suite 1100
Denver, CO 80203

 

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The Funds do not consider the US Postal Service or other independent delivery services to be their agents. Therefore, deposit in the mail or with such services, or receipt at the Vulcan Value Partners Funds’ post office box, of purchase orders or redemption requests does not constitute receipt by the Funds.

 

By Systematic Redemption

 

This program allows you to sell shares worth a specific dollar amount from your Fund account on a regular basis. In order to establish a systematic redemption, your Fund account balance must be at least $10,000 and the minimum redemption amount must be $500. If no date is specified on your request, systematic redemptions will be made on or about the 20th of each month. If the balance in the Fund account you are selling from falls to zero, your Systematic Redemption Program will be discontinued.

 

Redemptions, like purchases and exchanges, may also be effected through retirement plans, broker-dealers and financial intermediaries. Please contact your financial intermediary or refer to the appropriate plan documents for details. Your financial intermediary may charge a processing or service fee in connection with the redemption of shares.

 

Redemption Payments

 

In all cases, your redemption price is the net asset value per share next determined after your request is received in good order less any applicable redemption fees. Redemption proceeds normally will be sent within seven days. However, if you recently purchased your shares by check, your redemption proceeds will not be sent to you until your original check clears, which may take up to 10 days. Your redemption proceeds can be sent by check to your address of record or by wire transfer to a bank account designated on your application. Your bank may charge you a fee for wire transfers. Any request that your redemption proceeds be sent to a destination other than your bank account or address of record must be in writing and must include a signature guarantee.

 

The Fund is not responsible for losses or fees resulting from posting delays or non-receipt of redemption payments at your bank when shareholder payment instructions are followed.

 

Redemptions In-Kind

 

Each Fund reserves the right to make payment in securities rather than cash. If a Fund deems it advisable for the benefit of all shareholders that a redemption payment wholly or partly in-kind would be in the best interests of the Fund’s remaining shareholders, the Fund may pay redemption proceeds to you in whole or in part with securities held by the Fund. A redemption in-kind could occur under extraordinary circumstances, such as a very large redemption that could affect a Fund’s operations (for example, more than 1% of the Fund’s net assets). However, the Fund is required to redeem shares solely for cash up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the NAV of the Fund during any 90-day period for any one shareholder. Should redemptions by any shareholder exceed such limitation, the Fund will have the option of redeeming the excess in cash or in-kind. Securities used to redeem Fund shares will be valued as described in “SHARE TRANSACTIONS – How Fund Shares are Priced” below. A shareholder may pay brokerage charges on the sale of any securities received as a result of a redemption in-kind.

 

Redemption Fees

 

If you sell or exchange your shares after holding them 90 days or less, a 2% short-term redemption fee may be deducted from the redemption amount. For this purpose, shares held longest will be treated as being redeemed first and shares held shortest as being redeemed last. The fees are paid to the Fund and are designed to help offset the brokerage commissions, market impact and other costs associated with short-term shareholder trading.

 

The short-term redemption fee does not apply to: (i) redemptions of shares acquired by reinvesting dividends and distributions; (ii) rollovers, transfers and changes of account registration within the Fund as long as the money never leaves the Fund; and (iii) redemptions in-kind.

 

Each Fund also permits waivers of the short-term redemption fee for the following transactions:

 

Redemptions due to small balance maintenance fees;

 

Redemptions related to death or due to a divorce decree;

 

Certain types of IRA account transactions, including redemptions pursuant to systematic withdrawal programs, required minimum distributions, withdrawals due to disability or death, return of excess contribution amounts, and redemptions related to payment of custodian fees; and

 

Certain types of employer-sponsored and 403(b) retirement plan transactions, including loans or hardship withdrawals, minimum required distributions, redemptions pursuant to systematic withdrawal programs, forfeiture of assets, return of excess contribution amounts, redemptions related to payment of plan fees, and redemptions related to death, disability or qualified domestic relations order.

 

21 

 

The application of short-term redemption fees and waivers may vary among intermediaries and certain intermediaries may not apply the waivers listed above. If you purchase, exchange or sell Fund shares through an intermediary, you should contact your intermediary for more information on whether the short-term redemption fee will be applied to redemptions of your shares.

 

Each Fund reserves the right to modify or eliminate the short-term redemption fee or waivers at any time. Investment advisers or their affiliates may pay short-term redemption fees on behalf of investors in managed accounts. Unitized group accounts consisting of qualified plan assets may be treated as a single account for redemption fee purposes.

 

Note: Each Fund has the right to suspend or postpone redemptions of shares for any period: (i) during which the NYSE is closed, other than customary weekend and holiday closings; (ii) during which trading on the NYSE is restricted; or (iii) during which (as determined by the SEC by rule or regulation) an emergency exists as a result of which disposal or valuation of portfolio securities is not reasonably practicable, or as otherwise permitted by the SEC.

 

Medallion Signature Guarantee

 

A medallion signature guarantee is required if any of the following is applicable:

 

You request a redemption above $50,000.

 

You would like a check made payable to anyone other than the shareholder(s) of record.

 

You would like a check mailed to an address that has been changed within 10 days of the redemption request.

 

You would like a check mailed to an address other than the address of record.

 

You would like your redemption proceeds sent to a bank account other than a bank account of record.

 

The Funds reserve the right to require a medallion signature guarantee under other circumstances or to reject or delay a redemption on certain legal grounds.

 

A medallion signature guarantee may be refused if any of the following is applicable:

 

It does not appear valid or in good form.

 

The transaction amount exceeds the surety bond limit of the signature guarantee.

 

The guarantee stamp has been reported as stolen, missing or counterfeit.

 

How to Obtain a Medallion Signature Guarantee

 

A medallion signature guarantee assures that a signature is genuine. The medallion signature guarantee protects shareholders from unauthorized account transfers. The following financial institutions may guarantee signatures: banks, savings and loan associations, trust companies, credit unions, broker-dealers and member firms of a national securities exchange. Call your financial institution to see if they have the ability to guarantee a signature. A signature guarantee cannot be provided by a notary public. If you live outside the United States, a foreign bank properly authorized to do business in your country of residence or a U.S. consulate may be able to authenticate your signature.

 

SHARE TRANSACTIONS

 

Small Account Balances/Mandatory Redemptions

 

Neither Fund currently imposes an account minimum. Each Fund may adopt other policies from time to time requiring mandatory redemption of shares in certain circumstances, such as to comply with new regulatory requirements.

 

Share Certificates

 

Neither Fund issues share certificates.

 

Verification of Shareholder Transaction Statements

 

You must contact the Fund in writing regarding any errors or discrepancies within 60 days after the date of the statement confirming a transaction. The Fund may deny your ability to refute a transaction if it does not hear from you within 60 days after the confirmation statement date.

 

22 

 

Non-receipt of Purchase Wire/Insufficient Funds Policy

 

The Funds reserve the right to cancel a purchase if payment if the check or electronic funds transfer does not clear your bank, or if a wire is not received by settlement date. A Fund may charge a fee for insufficient funds and you may be responsible for any fees imposed by your bank and any losses that the Fund may incur as a result of the canceled purchase.

 

Frequent Purchases and Sales of Fund Shares

 

Neither Fund permits market timing or other abusive trading practices. Each Fund reserves the right, but does not have the obligation, to reject any purchase or exchange transaction at any time. In addition, each Fund reserves the right to suspend its offering of shares or to impose restrictions on purchases or exchanges at any time that are more restrictive than those that are otherwise stated in this Prospectus with respect to disruptive, excessive or short-term trading.

 

Excessive short-term trading or other abusive trading practices may disrupt portfolio management strategies, increase brokerage and administrative costs and hurt Fund performance. Each Fund maintains a 2% short-term redemption fee applied to sales or exchanges of shares held 90 days or less.

 

The Board has adopted policies and procedures designed to deter frequent purchases, exchanges and redemptions and to seek to prevent market timing. To minimize harm to a Fund and its shareholders, each Fund reserves the right to reject, in its sole discretion, any purchase order from any investor it believes has a history of abusive trading or whose trading, in its judgment, has been or may be disruptive to the Fund. Each Fund may also refuse purchase and exchange transactions from Fund intermediaries it believes may be facilitating or have facilitated abusive trading practices. In making this judgment, a Fund may consider trading done in multiple accounts under common ownership or control.

 

On a periodic basis, the Transfer Agent will review transaction history reports and will identify redemptions that are within a specific time period from a previous purchase, exchanges in the same account(s) in a Fund, or in multiple accounts that are known to be under common control. Redemptions meeting the criteria will be investigated for possible inappropriate trading.

 

Certain accounts, in particular omnibus accounts, include multiple investors and such accounts typically provide each Fund with a net purchase or redemption request on any given day. In these cases, purchases, exchanges and redemptions of Fund shares are netted against one another and the identity of individual purchasers and redeemers whose orders are aggregated may not be known by the Fund. Therefore, it becomes more difficult for the Fund to identify market timing or other abusive trading activities in these accounts, and the Fund may be unable to eliminate abusive traders in these accounts from the Fund. Further, identification of abusive traders may also be limited by operational systems and technical limitations. To the extent abusive or disruptive trading is identified, each Fund will encourage omnibus account intermediaries to address such trading activity in a manner consistent with how the Fund would address such activity directly, if it were able to do so.

 

Due to the complexity and subjectivity involved in identifying market timing and other abusive trading practices, there can be no assurance that a Fund’s efforts will identify all market timing or abusive trading activities. Therefore, investors should not assume that a Fund will be able to detect or prevent all practices that may disadvantage the Fund.

 

How Fund Shares are Priced

 

The Board has approved procedures to be used to value each Fund’s securities for the purposes of determining the Funds’ NAV. The valuation of the securities of each Fund is determined in good faith by or under the direction of the Board. The Board has delegated certain valuation functions for each Fund to the Administrator.

 

Each Fund generally values its securities based on market prices determined at the close of regular trading on the NYSE (normally, 4 p.m. Eastern time) on each business day (Monday through Friday). Each Fund will not value its securities on any day that the NYSE is closed, including the following observed holidays: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. Each Fund’s currency valuations, if any, are done as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE. For equity securities that are traded on an exchange, the market price is usually the closing sale or official closing price on that exchange. In the case of securities not traded on an exchange, or if such closing prices are not otherwise available, the market price is typically determined by independent third party pricing vendors approved by the Funds’ Board using a variety of pricing techniques and methodologies. The market price for debt obligations (including short-term debt obligations that will mature in 60 days or less) is generally the price supplied by an independent third-party pricing service approved by the Funds’ Board, which may use a matrix, formula or other objective method that takes into consideration market indices, yield curves and other specific adjustments. In certain circumstances, bid and ask prices may be obtained from (i) a broker/dealer specified and deemed reliable by the Adviser, (ii) pink sheets, yellow sheets or the blue list, or (iii) a pricing agent that obtains quotations from broker/dealers or evaluates the value of the respective bid and ask prices. If vendors are unable to supply a price, or if the price supplied is deemed to be unreliable, the market price may be determined using quotations received from one or more brokers/dealers that make a market in the security.

 

When such prices or quotations are not available, or when the Adviser believes that they are unreliable, securities may be priced using fair value procedures approved by the Board. Because each Fund invests in securities that may be thinly traded or for which market quotations may not be readily available or may be unreliable (such as securities of small capitalization companies), the Funds may use fair valuation procedures more frequently than funds that invest primarily in securities that are more liquid (such as equity securities of large capitalization domestic issuers). Each Fund may also use fair value procedures if the Adviser determines that a significant event has occurred between the time at which a market price is determined and the time at which the Fund’s NAV is calculated. In particular, the value of non-U.S. securities may be materially affected by events occurring after the close of the market on which they are traded, but before the Fund prices its shares.

 

23 

 

Each Fund may determine the fair value of investments based on information provided by pricing services and other third-party vendors, which may recommend fair value prices or adjustments with reference to other securities, indices or assets. In considering whether fair value pricing is required and in determining fair values, a Fund may, among other things, consider significant events (which may be considered to include changes in the value of U.S. securities or securities indices) that occur after the close of the relevant market and before a Fund values its securities. In addition, the Funds may utilize modeling tools provided by third-party vendors to determine fair values of non-U.S. securities. A Fund’s use of fair value pricing may help deter “stale price arbitrage.”

 

Valuing securities at fair value involves greater reliance on judgment than valuation of securities based on readily available market quotations. A fund that uses fair value to price securities may value those securities higher or lower than another fund using market quotations or its own fair value methodologies to price the same securities. There can be no assurance that a Fund could obtain the fair value assigned to a security if it were to sell the security at approximately the time at which the Fund determines its NAV.

 

Each Fund invests, or may invest, in securities that are traded on foreign exchanges or markets, which may be open when the NYSE is closed. As a result, the value of your investment in a Fund may change on days when you are unable to purchase or redeem shares.

 

Customer Identification Program

 

To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires the Funds’ Transfer Agent to obtain certain personal information from you (or persons acting on your behalf) in order to verify your (or such person’s) identity when you open an account, including name, address, date of birth and other information (which may include certain documents) that will allow the Transfer Agent to verify your identity. If this information is not provided, the Transfer Agent may not be able to open your account. If the Transfer Agent is unable to verify your identity (or that of another person authorized to act on your behalf) shortly after your account is opened, or believes it has identified potentially criminal activity, the Funds, the Distributor and the Transfer Agent each reserve the right to reject further purchase orders from you or to take such other action as they deem reasonable or required by law, including closing your account and redeeming your shares at their NAV at the time of redemption.

 

Effective May 11, 2018, if you are opening an account in the name of a legal entity (e.g., a partnership, business trust, limited liability company, corporation, etc.), you may be required to supply the identity of the beneficial owner or controlling person(s) of the legal entity prior to the opening of your account. The Fund may request additional information about you (which may include certain documents, such as articles of incorporation for companies) to help the Transfer Agent verify your identity.

 

DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS

 

Each Fund normally pays dividends and distributes capital gains, if any, on an annual basis.

 

Income dividend distributions are derived from interest and other income each Fund receives from its investments and include distributions of short-term capital gains. Capital gain distributions are derived from gains realized when the Fund sells a security it has owned for more than a year.

 

Each Fund may make additional distributions and dividends at other times if the Adviser believes doing so may be necessary for the Fund to avoid or reduce taxes. Distributions and dividends are reinvested in additional Fund shares unless you instruct the Transfer Agent to have your distributions and/or dividends paid by check mailed to the address of record or transferred through an Automated Clearing House to the bank of your choice. You can change your choice at any time to be effective as of the next distribution or dividend, except that any change given to the Transfer Agent less than five days before the payment date will not be effective until the next distribution or dividend is made. Distribution checks will only be issued for payments greater than $25.00. Distributions will automatically be reinvested in shares of the Fund(s) generating the distribution if under $25.00. Un-cashed distribution checks will be canceled and proceeds reinvested at the then current net asset value, for any shareholder who chooses to receive distributions in cash, if distribution checks: (1) are returned and marked as “undeliverable” or (2) remain un-cashed for six months after the date of issuance. If distribution checks are canceled and reinvested, your account election may also be changed so that all future distributions are reinvested rather than paid in cash. Interest will not accrue on uncashed distribution checks.

 

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TAXES 

 

The discussion below only addresses the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the Funds for U.S. persons and does not address any foreign, state, or local tax consequences. For purposes of this discussion, U.S. persons are:

 

(i)U.S. citizens or residents;

 

(ii)U.S. corporations;

 

(iii)an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or

 

(iv)a trust, if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions, or certain electing trusts that were in existence on August 20, 1996, and were treated as domestic trusts on August 19, 1996.

 

This discussion does not address issues of significance to U.S. persons in special situations such as: (i) certain types of tax-exempt organizations, (ii) shareholders holding shares through tax-advantaged accounts (such as 401(k) plan accounts or individual retirement accounts), (iii) shareholders holding investments through foreign institutions (financial and non-financial), (iv) financial institutions, (v) broker-dealers, (vi) entities not organized under the laws of the United States or a political subdivision thereof, (vii) shareholders holding shares as part of a hedge, straddle or conversion transaction, and (viii) shareholders who are subject to the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax. If a partnership (including for this purpose any entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) is a beneficial owner of shares, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. For further information regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the Funds, investors should see the SAI under “TAXES – Taxation of the Fund.”

 

Non-U.S. persons that are considering the purchase of shares should consult with their own tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal, foreign, state and local tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of shares in the Funds.

 

The Funds intends to meet all requirements under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) necessary to qualify for treatment as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) and thus do not expect to pay any U.S. federal income tax on income and capital gains distributed to shareholders. The Funds also intend to meet certain distribution requirements such that the Funds are not subject to U.S. federal income tax in general. Shareholders in each Fund will receive a statement (Form 1099-DIV) annually informing them of the amount of the income and capital gains which have been distributed by such Fund during the calendar year. This discussion is based on the assumption that the Funds will qualify under Subchapter M of the Code as RICs and will satisfy these distribution requirements. There can be no guarantee that this assumption will be correct.

 

Taxation of Fund Distributions

 

The Funds will not be subject to federal income taxes to the extent that they distribute their net investment income and any realized capital gains. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, shareholders of RICs are generally subject to taxation based on the underlying character of the income and gain recognized by the RIC and distributed to the shareholders.

 

Distributions of net capital gains that are properly designated by a Fund as capital gain dividends (“capital gain dividends”) will be taxable to Fund shareholders as long-term capital gains. Generally, distributions of earnings derived from ordinary income and short-term capital gains will be taxable as ordinary income. Each Fund does not expect a significant portion of its distributions to derive from “qualified dividend income,” which will be taxed to non-corporate shareholders at favorable rates so long as certain requirements are met. Corporate shareholders may be able to take a dividends-received deduction for a portion of the dividends they receive from a Fund to the extent such dividends are received by the Fund from a domestic corporation and to the extent a portion of interest paid or accrued on certain high yield discount obligations owned by the Fund are treated as dividends.

 

Each Fund may realize long-term capital gains when it sells or redeems a security that it has owned for more than one year, when it receives capital gain distributions from ETFs in which that Fund owns investments, or from transactions in section 1256 contracts. Section 1256 contracts owned by a Fund generally will be treated for income tax purposes as if sold for their fair market values (i.e., “marked to market”) on an annual basis, and resulting gains or losses generally are treated as sixty percent long-term capital gainsor losses and forty percent short-term capital gains or losses Each Fund may realize ordinary income from distributions from ETFs, from foreign currency gains that are not section 1256 contracts, from interest on indebtedness owned by a Fund and from other sources.

 

The maximum long-term capital gain rate applicable to individuals and other noncorporate shareholders is currently 20% in addition to the 3.8% surtax on net investment income described under “Surtax on Net Investment Income,” below. For more information, see the SAI under “TAXES – Taxation of Fund Distributions.”

 

Distributions of earnings are taxable whether a shareholder receives them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares. If a dividend or distribution is made shortly after a shareholder purchases shares of a Fund, while in effect a return of capital to you, the dividend or distribution is still taxable. An investor can avoid this result, by investing soon after a Fund has paid a dividend.

 

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Sale or Redemption of Fund Shares

 

A shareholder who sells or redeems shares of a Fund generally will recognize a gain or a loss. The gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the amount received in the sale or redemption (net of any applicable redemption fees) and the shareholder’s aggregate adjusted basis in the shares surrendered. A shareholder who receives securities in redemption of shares of a Fund will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the shareholder’s adjusted basis in the shares redeemed and the aggregate fair market value of the securities plus the amount of any cash received (net of any applicable fees). Any loss realized on a disposition of shares of a Fund may be disallowed under “wash sale” rules to the extent that the shares disposed of are replaced with other substantially identical shares of the same Fund within a period of 61 days beginning 30 days before the shares are disposed of, such as pursuant to a dividend reinvestment in shares of a Fund.

 

Any capital gain or loss realized upon the sale or redemption of shares of a Fund is generally treated as long term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year and as a short-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for one year or less. In certain situations, a loss on the sale or redemption of shares held for six months or less will be a long-term loss. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to significant limitations. For more information, see the SAI under “TAXES – Sale or Redemption of Shares.”

 

Taxation of Certain Investments

 

Each Fund’s investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding or other taxes. In that case, such Fund’s yield on those securities would be decreased. Shareholders generally will not be entitled to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction with respect to foreign taxes, although it is possible that a Fund may be able to elect to pass through foreign tax credits or deductions to its shareholders. In addition, each Fund’s investments in foreign securities or foreign currencies may increase or accelerate such Fund’s recognition of ordinary income and may affect the timing or amount of such Fund’s distributions. Each Fund may hold securities that are passive foreign investment companies for U.S. federal income tax purposes. For more information, see the SAI under “TAXES – Special Tax Considerations.”

 

Each Fund may at times buy debt obligations at a discount from the price at which they were originally issued (“original issue discount”), especially during periods of rising interest rates. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the original issue discount will be included in such Fund’s ordinary income over the term of the instrument. Even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, and will be subject to a risk of nonpayment, it will be distributed to shareholders as taxable dividends over the term of the instrument. Each Fund may also buy debt obligations in the secondary market which are treated as having market discount. Generally, gain recognized on the disposition of such an investment is treated as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent of the accrued market discount, but each Fund may elect instead to include the amount of market discount as ordinary income over the term of the instrument even though such Fund does not receive payment of such amount at that time. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted on December 22, 2017 (the ”2017 Tax Act”) requires accrual-method taxpayers to recognize items of gross income for tax purposes in the year in which the taxpayer recognizes the income for financial accounting purposes. The IRS has said that it will not apply this provision to require the recogniztio of accrued market discount. However, it is possible that the 2017 Tax Act will accelerate the recognition by a Fund of original issue discount for income tax purposes.

 

Each Fund’s investments in certain debt obligations, mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities and derivatives may also cause such Fund to recognize taxable income in excess of the cash generated by such obligations. Thus, the Funds could be required at times to liquidate other investments in order to satisfy their distribution requirements, potentially increasing the amount of capital gain dividends made to shareholders.

 

Surtax on Net Investment Income

 

A surtax of 3.8% applies to net investment income of a taxpayer that is an individual, trust or estate to the extent that the taxpayer recognizes gross income (as adjusted) in excess of a certain amount for a year. Net investment income includes, among other types of income, ordinary income, dividend income and capital gain derived from an investment in a Fund. For information regarding the surtax on net investment income, see the SAI under “TAXES – Surtax on Net Investment Income.”

 

Backup Withholding

 

The Funds are also required in certain circumstances to backup withhold on taxable dividends, redemption proceeds and certain other payments that are paid to any shareholder who does not furnish to certain information and certifications the Funds or who is otherwise subject to backup withholding. The backup withholding tax rate is 24% for tax years beginning before 2026. For more information regarding backup withholding, see the SAI under “TAXES – Backup Withholding.”

 

Cost Basis Reporting

 

The Funds (or their administrative agents) must report to the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) and furnish to Fund shareholders (other than shareholders who hold their shares through a tax-advantaged arrangement such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account) the cost basis information for Fund shares purchased on or after January 1, 2012, and sold on or after such date. If a Fund shareholder does not make a timely election among the available IRS-accepted cost basis methods, the Fund will use a default cost basis method for the shareholder. Fund shareholders should consult with their tax advisers concerning the most desirable IRS-accepted cost basis method for their tax situations.

 

26 

 

Foreign Accounts

 

Shareholders that invest in a Fund through foreign accounts may be subject to a 30% withholding tax on: (1) income dividends paid by the Fund, and (2) certain capital gain distributions and the proceeds of a sale of Fund shares. This withholding tax generally may be avoided if the financial institution that maintains the account satisfies certain registration, certification and reporting requirements. For more information regarding withholding with respect to foreign accounts, see the SAI under “TAXES – Foreign Accounts.” Investors should also consult with their tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal, foreign, state and local tax consequences of an investment in the Funds.

 

2017 Tax Act

 

The 2017 Tax Act made far-reaching changes to the U.S. income tax laws. It is generally effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017. Most of the changes applicable to individuals are temporary and apply only to taxable years beginning before January 1, 2026. These changes may directly or indirectly affect investments in the Funds. See the SAI under “TAXES-The 2017 Tax Act.”

 

For more information, see the SAI under “TAXES.” Investors should consult with their tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal, foreign, state and local tax consequences of an investment in the Funds.

 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

 

The financial highlights tables are intended to help you understand each Fund’s financial performance for the fiscal years shown below. Certain information reflects financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the tables represent the rate that an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in a Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). This information has been derived from each Fund’s financial statements audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, whose report, along with each Fund’s financial statements, are included in the Funds’ annual report, which is available upon request by calling the Funds at 877.421.5078.

 

Because Institutional Class shares of the Funds had not commenced operations as of the date of this prospectus, this table details the financial performance of the Funds’ Investor Class shares.

 

[to be included in a subsequent amendment]

 

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_____________, 2019

 

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

  INVESTOR CLASS SHARES* INSTITUTIONAL CLASS SHARES
VULCAN VALUE PARTNERS FUND VVPLX [        ]
VULCAN VALUE PARTNERS SMALL CAP FUND VVPSX [        ]

 

* The initial share class of the Funds was redesignated as Investor Class shares effective _______, 2019.

 

P.O. Box 1236

Denver, CO 80201

 

Each of the Vulcan Value Partners Fund and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund (each, a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”) is a series of Financial Investors Trust (the “Trust”), an open-end series management investment company organized as a Delaware statutory trust.

 

This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) expands upon and supplements the information contained in the current Prospectus of the Funds listed above (individually, a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”), each of which is a separate series of the Trust. Each of these series of the Trust represents shares of beneficial interest in a separate portfolio of securities and other assets with its own objective and policies. Vulcan Value Partners LLC is the investment adviser of each Fund. This SAI is not a prospectus and is only authorized for distribution when preceded or accompanied by the Funds’ current prospectus dated ___________, 2019, as supplemented from time to time (the “Prospectus”). This SAI supplements and should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus, a copy of which may be obtained without charge by writing either Fund at the address listed above, or by calling the Funds’ transfer agent at 877.421.5078. The Funds’ most recent annual reports, are incorporated by reference into this SAI and can be obtained free of charge by calling the toll-free number printed above.

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

  Page
Investment Objectives and Policies 1
Additional Investment Activities and Risks 5
Other Practices 17
Investment Limitations 20
Portfolio Turnover 21
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings 22
Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage 25
Purchase, Exchange & Redemption of Shares 28
Trustees and Officers 33
Investment Manager 41
Administrator 43
Distributor 43
Code of Ethics 44
Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures 44
Control Persons, Principal Shareholders and Management Ownership 44
Expenses 45
Portfolio Manager 46
Net Asset Value 48
Taxes 49
Description of the Trust 62
Other Information about the Funds 63
Performance Information 64
Financial Statements 64
Appendix A –Description of Securities Ratings A-1
Appendix B –Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures B-1

 

 

 

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES

 

The Prospectus discusses the investment objectives of the Vulcan Value Partners Fund and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund (each, a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”), as well as the strategies each Fund employs to achieve those objectives. Each Fund is a series of Financial Investors Trust (the “Trust”), an open-end series management investment company organized as a Delaware statutory trust on November 30, 1993. The discussion below supplements the information set forth in the Prospectus under “Investment Objective and Principal Strategies.” Each Fund seeks to achieve long-term capital appreciation.

 

As of the date hereof, each Fund is classified as non-diversified.

 

While there is no assurance that a Fund will achieve its investment objective, it endeavors to do so by following the strategies and policies described in the Prospectus.

 

The Trust’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”) may change a Fund’s investment objective or the Fund’s principal investment strategies without a shareholder vote. The Fund will notify you in writing at least sixty (60) days before making any such change. If there is a material change to a Fund’s investment objective or principal investment strategies, you should consider whether the Fund remains an appropriate investment for you.

 

What are the Funds’ Principal Investment Strategies?

 

Unless otherwise stated, the following investment philosophies and processes apply to each Fund.

 

VULCAN VALUE PARTNERS FUND seeks to achieve long-term capital appreciation by investing primarily in publicly traded mid- and large-capitalization U.S. companies believed to be both undervalued and possessing a sustainable competitive advantage.

 

VULCAN VALUE PARTNERS SMALL CAP FUND seeks to achieve long-term capital appreciation by investing primarily in publicly traded small-capitalization U.S. companies believed to be both undervalued and possessing a sustainable competitive advantage.

 

The Funds’ Investment Philosophies. Both Funds are value funds. Vulcan Value Partners, LLC (“Vulcan” or the “Adviser”) is the investment adviser to the Funds. The Funds view equity investments as ownership in a business enterprise and approach investing as long-term partial ownership of businesses. The Funds seek to purchase publicly traded companies at significant discounts to intrinsic worth. The Funds seek to invest for the long term, limiting the selection of qualifying investments to good businesses with identifiable, sustainable competitive advantages to maximize returns and to minimize risk. The Funds generally define risk as the probability of permanently losing capital over a five-year period. The Funds generally sell stocks when they approach their appraised value. The Funds seek to determine business or intrinsic value through disciplined financial analysis. The Funds believe that equities purchased at prices substantially less than their intrinsic worth generally afford capital protection from significant permanent loss and also create the possibility of substantial appreciation if the market recognizes the company’s economic value.

 

1 

 

The Funds’ Investment Process. Under normal circumstances, both Funds follow the same investment disciplines and appraisal methods. The Funds identify publicly traded companies that are believed to have sustainable competitive advantages allowing them to produce free cash flow and earn superior cash returns on capital. The Funds seek to invest in businesses that are run by ethical, capable, stockholder-oriented management teams that also are good operators, and, very importantly, understand the importance of capital allocation. The Funds then focus their analysis on the difference between price and value; that is, the difference between the price of the company’s securities and the appraised value of the securities. The greater the difference of value over price, the larger the margin of safety and the more attractive the investment. The Funds will generally invest larger amounts of their assets in companies determined to have lower price to value ratios and reduce capital committed to companies determined to have higher price to value ratios.

 

Under normal circumstances, at least eighty percent (80%) of the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund’s net assets are invested in small-cap companies. For purposes of this policy, the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund considers small-cap companies to be those companies included in, or similar in size to those included in, the Russell 2000® Index at the time of purchase. As of June 30, 2018, the latest reconstitution date, the median market capitalization of the Russell 2000® Index was approximately $928.0 million and the top of this range was approximately $6.7 billion. The Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund’s capitalization range will change over time. For purposes of the Fund’s 80% investment policy, the Fund considers small-cap companies to be those companies whose market capitalization at the time of purchase is within the market capitalization range of companies in the Russell 2000® Index during the most recent 12-month period (based on month-end data). As of June 30, 2018, this range was approximately $7.7 million to $17.3 billion; however, this capitalization range is expected to change over time.

 

Each Fund may hold significant positions in cash or cash equivalents when the Adviser believes the investment climate is, or will become, unfavorable for equity securities. During such periods when the Adviser perceives the investment climate to be unfavorable, the Adviser may also attempt to hedge that Fund’s portfolio by using stock index futures, options on stock market indexes or options on individual securities.

 

Each Fund may borrow money from banks to the extent permitted by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), only for short term cash flow purposes, not for investment purposes. Such borrowings may be on a secured or unsecured basis at fixed or variable rates of interest, though each Fund will borrow no more than 10% of net assets. Under Section 18(f) of the 1940 Act, any borrowing exceeding 5% of a Fund’s total assets at the time the evidence of indebtedness is issued will be regarded as a “senior security.” The 1940 Act requires each Fund to maintain continuous asset coverage of not less than 300% with respect to all borrowings that are considered “senior securities” (generally borrowings other than for temporary or emergency purposes). If such asset coverage should decline to less than 300% due to market fluctuations or other reasons, that Fund may be required to dispose of some of its portfolio holdings within three days in order to reduce that Fund’s debt and restore the 300% asset coverage, even though it may be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint to dispose of assets at that time.

 

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Within the parameters of its specific investment policies, each Fund may invest in publicly traded foreign equity and debt securities. Each Fund may invest no more than 10% of its net assets in securities issued by the same issuer, provided that the aggregate value of the securities held in issuers in each of which it invests more than 5% of its assets is less than 40% of the Fund’s total assets. These tests will be applied to each Fund’s holdings on an ongoing basis.

 

A mutual fund may elect to operate as a “diversified company,” which generally is defined in Section 5(b)(1) of the 1940 Act as any management investment company, if at least 75 percent of the company’s assets consist of cash, cash items, government securities, securities of other investment companies, and other securities. For the purposes of this calculation, “other securities” are limited in regard to any issuer to an amount not greater than 5 percent of the value of the total assets of the management company and to not more than 10 percent of the outstanding voting securities of the issuer. The Funds have chosen to be classified as non-diversified. As a result, an increase or decrease in the value of a single security may have a greater impact on a Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”) and total return. Being non-diversified may also cause a Fund to be more susceptible to financial, economic, political or other developments that may impact a security. Although a Fund may from time to time satisfy the requirements for a diversified fund, its non-diversified classification gives the Funds’ portfolio manager more flexibility to hold larger positions in a smaller number of securities than a fund that is classified as diversified.

 

Equity Securities. Equity securities are securities which signify ownership interest in a corporation and represent a claim on part of the corporation’s assets and earnings. Equity securities may include common stocks, preferred stocks, convertible securities, equity interest in non-U.S. investments or trusts, depositary receipts, equity interests in publicly traded limited partnerships/units and other equity investments. Each Fund may invest in equity or equity-related securities and equipment lease certificates, equipment trust certificates and conditional sales contracts or limited partnership interests.

 

Foreign Securities. Each Fund may invest directly in publicly traded foreign securities denominated in a foreign currency and not publicly traded in the United States. Other ways of investing in foreign securities include depositary receipts or shares.

 

Derivative Securities. Neither Fund typically invests in listed or unlisted derivative securities, including options, futures, forwards, swap agreements participation notes and other types of derivatives individually or in combination for hedging purposes or for non-hedging purposes such as seeking to enhance return. Although the Funds typically do not invest in such instruments, the Adviser intends to either: (i) comply with the requirements of the CEA by operating the Funds in a manner consistent with the restrictions of CFTC Rule 4.5, including filing a notice of eligibility of exemption from registration in accordance with applicable procedures and deadlines; (ii) comply with the requirements of the CEA by registering as a CPO with the CFTC and the National Futures Association; or (iii) operate the Funds in a manner such that each Fund will not be a “commodity pool” under the CEA.

 

3 

 

Exchange Traded Funds. Each Fund may invest in shares of exchange traded funds (“ETFs”) and other similar instruments if the Adviser chooses to adjust that Fund’s exposure to the general market or industry sectors and to manage that Fund’s risk exposure. ETFs differ from traditional index funds in that their shares are listed on a securities exchange and can be traded intraday. ETF shares are shares of exchange traded investment companies that are registered under the 1940 Act and hold a portfolio of common stocks designed to track the performance of a particular index. Limitations of the 1940 Act may prohibit each Fund from acquiring more than 3% of the outstanding shares of certain ETFs. Instruments that are similar to ETFs represent beneficial ownership interests in specific “baskets” of stocks of companies within a particular industry sector or group. These securities may also be exchange traded, but unlike ETFs, the issuers of these securities are not registered as investment companies.

 

Other Investment Companies. As a general matter, each Fund is prohibited by the 1940 Act from investing more than 10% of its assets in another investment companies. However, there are several exceptions to such 10% limitation. Regardless of the exceptions, neither Fund will acquire more than 10% of another investment company or any other open ended collective investment scheme.

 

Portfolio Turnover. Each Fund may engage in short-term trading. This means that each Fund may buy a security and sell that security a short period of time after its purchase to realize gains if the Adviser believes that the sale is in the best interest of that Fund (for example, if the Adviser believes an alternative investment has greater growth potential). This activity will increase that Fund’s portfolio turnover rate and generate higher transaction costs due to commissions or dealer mark-ups and other expenses that would reduce that Fund’s investment performance. In addition, a high level of short-term trading may increase the amount of taxable distributions to shareholders that would reduce the after-tax returns of that Fund, and in particular may generate short-term capital gains that when distributed to shareholders are taxed at ordinary U.S. federal income tax rates.

 

Cash Position. Each Fund may not always stay fully invested in stocks or bonds. For example, when the Adviser believes that market conditions are unfavorable for profitable investing, or when it is otherwise unable to locate attractive investment opportunities, that Fund’s cash or similar investments may increase. In other words, cash or similar investments generally are a residual – they represent the assets that remain after that Fund has committed available assets to desirable investment opportunities. When that Fund’s investments in cash or similar investments increase, it may not participate in market advance or declines to the same extent that it would if that Fund remained more fully invested in stocks or bonds. The cash or cash equivalent holdings of each fund will be invested in securities issued by the United States, or an agency thereof, a money market or similar account, or cash deposits with federally insured depository institutions.

 

4 

 

ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES AND RISKS

 

Each Fund may also invest in the following types of securities. The following is not meant to be an exclusive list of all the securities and instruments in which each Fund may invest or investment strategies in which it may engage, and each Fund may invest in instruments and securities and engage in strategies other than those listed below.

 

Equity Investments

 

Each Fund may invest in equity securities. Equity securities (which generally include common stocks, preferred stocks, warrants, securities convertible into common or preferred stocks and similar securities) are generally volatile and more risky than some other forms of investment. Equity securities of companies with relatively small market capitalizations may be more volatile than the securities of larger, more established companies and than the broad equity market indices generally. Common stock and other equity securities may take the form of stock in corporations, partnership interests, interests in limited liability companies and other direct or indirect interests in business organizations.

 

Common Stock

 

Common stocks are shares of a corporation or other entity that entitle the holder to a pro rata share of the profits of the corporation, if any, without preference over any other shareholder or class of shareholders, including holders of the entity’s preferred stock and other senior equity. Common stock usually carries with it the right to vote and frequently an exclusive right to do so.

 

Common stocks of companies that the Adviser believes have earnings that will grow faster than the economy as a whole are known as growth stocks. Growth stocks typically trade at higher multiples of current earnings than other stocks. As a result, the values of growth stocks may be more sensitive to changes in current or expected earnings than the values of other stocks. If the Adviser’s assessment of the prospects for a company’s earnings growth is wrong, or if its judgment of how other investors will value the company’s earnings growth is wrong, then the price of that company’s stock may fall or may not approach the value that the Adviser has placed on it.

 

Common stocks of companies that are not expected to experience significant earnings growth, but whose stocks the Adviser believes are undervalued compared to their true worth, are known as value stocks. These companies may have experienced adverse business developments or may be subject to special risks that have caused their stocks to be out of favor. If the Adviser’s assessment of a company’s prospects is wrong, or if other investors do not eventually recognize the value of the company, then the price of the company’s stocks may fall or may not approach the value that the Adviser has placed on it.

 

Many stocks have both “growth” and “value” characteristics, and for some stocks it may be unclear which category, if any, it fits into. Each Fund’s investment process is biased towards value.

 

5 

 

Preferred Stock

 

Preferred stocks, like debt obligations, are generally fixed-income securities. Shareholders of preferred stocks normally have the right to receive dividends at a fixed rate when and as declared by the issuer’s board of directors, but do not participate in other amounts available for distribution by the issuing corporation. Dividends on the preferred stock may be cumulative, and generally all cumulative dividends must be paid prior to common shareholders receiving any dividends. Because as a general matter preferred stock dividends must be paid before common stock dividends, preferred stocks generally entail less risk than common stocks. Upon liquidation, preferred stocks are generally entitled to a specified liquidation preference, which is generally the same as the par or stated value, and are senior in right of payment to common stock. Preferred stocks are, however, equity securities in the sense that they do not represent a liability of the issuer and, therefore, do not offer as great a degree of protection of capital or assurance of continued income as investments in corporate debt securities. In addition, preferred stocks are subordinated in right of payment to all debt obligations and creditors of the issuer, and convertible preferred stocks may be subordinated to other preferred stock of the same issuer.

 

Exchange Traded Funds and Other Similar Instruments

 

ETFs and other similar instruments may be purchased by either Fund. Generally, an ETF is an investment company that is registered under the 1940 Act that holds a portfolio of securities designed to track the performance of a particular index or index segment. Similar instruments, used by pools that are not investment companies, offer similar characteristics and may be designed to track the performance of an index or basket of securities of companies engaged in a particular market or sector. ETFs sell and redeem their shares at net asset value in large blocks (typically 50,000 of its shares) called “creation units.” Shares representing fractional interests in these creation units are listed for trading on national securities exchanges and can be purchased and sold in the secondary market in lots of any size at any time during the trading day.

 

Investments in ETFs and other similar instruments involve certain inherent risks generally associated with investments in a broadly-based portfolio of stocks including: (i) risks that the general level of stock prices may decline, thereby adversely affecting the value of each unit of the ETF or other instrument; (ii) an ETF may not fully replicate the performance of its benchmark index because of temporary unavailability of certain index securities in the secondary market or discrepancies between the ETF and the index with respect to the weightings of securities or number of stocks held; (iii) an ETF may also be adversely affected by the performance of the specific index, market sector or group of industries on which it is based; and (iv) an ETF may not track an index as well as a traditional index mutual fund because ETFs are valued by the market and, therefore, there may be a difference between the market value and the ETF’s net asset value. Each Fund may both purchase and effect short sales of shares of ETFs and may also purchase and sell options on shares of ETFs. These investments may be used for hedging purposes or to seek to increase total return (which is considered a speculative activity).

 

Because ETFs and pools that issue similar instruments incur various fees and expenses, a Fund’s investment in these instruments will involve certain indirect costs, as well as transaction costs, such as brokerage commissions. The Adviser will consider expenses associated with an investment in determining whether to invest in an ETF or other instrument. In the case of ETFs that are investment companies, they invest substantially all of their assets in securities of various securities indices or a particular segment of a securities index. Most ETFs are listed and traded on the NYSE Arca, Inc. (“Arca”). The market price of ETFs is expected to fluctuate in accordance with both changes in the asset values of their underlying indices and supply and demand of an ETF’s shares on the Arca. ETFs may trade at relatively modest discounts or premiums to net asset value. In general, most ETFs have a limited operating history and information may be lacking regarding the actual performance and trading liquidity of such shares for extended periods or over complete market cycles. In addition, there is no assurance that the requirements of the Arca necessary to maintain the listing of ETFs in which a Fund invests will continue to be met or will remain unchanged. In the event substantial market or other disruptions affecting the shares of ETFs held by a Fund should occur in the future, the liquidity and value of that Fund’s shares could also be adversely affected. If such disruptions were to occur, that Fund could be required to reconsider the use of ETFs as part of its investment strategy.

 

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Limitations of the 1940 Act, which prohibit either Fund from acquiring more than 3% of the outstanding shares of another investment company, may restrict the Fund’s ability to purchase shares of certain ETFs.

 

Warrants and Rights

 

Each Fund may invest in warrants and rights. Warrants are securities that are usually issued together with a debt security or preferred stock and that give the holder the right to buy a proportionate amount of common stock at a specified price until a stated expiration date. Buying a warrant generally can provide a greater potential for profit or loss than an investment of equivalent amounts in the underlying common stock. The market value of a warrant does not necessarily move with the value of the underlying securities. If a holder does not sell the warrant, it risks the loss of its entire investment if the market price of the underlying security does not, before the expiration date, exceed the exercise price of the warrant. Investing in warrants is a speculative activity. Warrants pay no dividends and confer no rights (other than the right to purchase the underlying securities) with respect to the assets of the issuer. A right is a privilege granted, typically to existing shareholders of a corporation, to subscribe for shares of a new issue of stock before it is issued. Rights normally have a short life, usually two to four weeks, may be freely transferable and generally entitle the holder to buy the new common stock at a lower price than the public offering price.

 

Market Risk

 

The market price of securities owned by either Fund may go up or down, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably.

 

Securities may decline in value due to factors affecting securities markets generally or particular industries represented in the securities markets. The value of a security may decline due to general market conditions which are not specifically related to a particular company, such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates or adverse investor sentiment generally. They may also decline due to factors which affect a particular industry or industries, such as labor shortages or increased production costs and competitive conditions within an industry. During a general downturn in the securities markets, multiple asset classes may decline in value simultaneously.

 

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Equity securities generally have greater price volatility than fixed-income securities.

 

Non-U.S. Securities

 

Investors should recognize that investing in the securities of non-U.S. issuers generally, and particularly in emerging market issuers, involves special considerations which are not typically associated with investing in securities of U.S. issuers. Investments in securities of non-U.S. issuers may involve risks arising from differences between U.S. and non-U.S. securities markets, including less volume, much greater price volatility in and relative illiquidity of non-U.S. securities markets, different trading and settlement practices, and less governmental supervision and regulation, from changes in currency exchange rates, from high and volatile rates of inflation, from economic, social and political conditions and, as with domestic multinational corporations, from fluctuating interest rates.

 

Since most non-U.S. securities are denominated in non-U.S. currencies or traded primarily in securities markets in which settlements are made in non-U.S. currencies, the value of these investments and the net investment income available for distribution to shareholders of the Funds may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in currency exchange rates or exchange control regulations. Because a Fund may purchase securities denominated in non-U.S. currencies, a change in the value of any such currency against the U.S. dollar will result in a change in the U.S. dollar value of the Fund’s assets and the Fund’s income available for distribution. A Fund’s foreign currency transactions may give rise to ordinary income or loss, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency.

 

In addition, although a Fund’s income may be received or realized in foreign currencies, the Fund will be required to compute and distribute its income in U.S. dollars. Therefore, if the value of a currency relative to the U.S. dollar declines after the Fund’s income has been earned in that currency, translated into U.S. dollars and declared as a dividend, but before payment of such dividend, the Fund could be required to liquidate portfolio securities to pay such dividend. Similarly, if the value of a currency relative to the U.S. dollar declines between the time a Fund incurs expenses or other obligations in U.S. dollars and the time the Fund makes those payments, the amount of local currency that must be converted in order to pay such expenses in U.S. dollars will be greater than the corresponding amount of such currency required to be converted at the time the obligations were incurred.

 

Certain markets are in only the earliest stages of development. There is also a high concentration of market capitalization and trading volume in a small number of issuers representing a limited number of industries, as well as a high concentration of investors and financial intermediaries. Many of such markets also may be affected by developments with respect to more established markets in the region. Brokers in non-U.S. and emerging market countries typically are fewer in number and less capitalized than brokers in the United States. These factors, combined with the U.S. regulatory requirements for open-end investment companies and the restrictions on foreign investment, result in potentially fewer investment opportunities for a Fund and may have an adverse impact on the investment performance of the Fund. There generally is less governmental supervision and regulation of exchanges, brokers and issuers in non-U.S. countries than there is in the United States. For example, there may be no comparable provisions under certain non-U.S. laws to insider trading and similar investor protection securities laws that apply with respect to securities transactions consummated in the United States. Further, brokerage commissions and other transaction costs on non-U.S. securities exchanges generally are higher than in the United States. With respect to investments in certain emerging market countries, archaic legal systems may have an adverse impact on a Fund. For example, while the potential liability of a shareholder in a U.S. corporation with respect to acts of the corporation is generally limited to the amount of the shareholder’s investment, the notion of limited liability is less clear in emerging market countries. Similarly, the rights of investors in emerging market companies may be more limited than those of shareholders of U.S. corporations.

 

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Other investment risks include the possible imposition of foreign withholding taxes on certain amounts of a Fund’s income which may reduce the net return on non-U.S. investments as compared to income received from a U.S. issuer, the possible seizure or nationalization of foreign assets and the possible establishment of exchange controls, expropriation, confiscatory taxation, other foreign governmental laws or restrictions which might affect adversely payments due on securities held by the Fund, the lack of extensive operating experience of eligible foreign sub-custodians, and legal limitations on the ability of the Fund to recover assets held in custody by a foreign sub-custodian in the event of the sub-custodian’s bankruptcy.

 

In addition, there may be less publicly-available information about a non-U.S. issuer than about a U.S. issuer, and non-U.S. issuers may not be subject to the same accounting, auditing and financial record-keeping standards and requirements as U.S. issuers. In particular, the assets and profits appearing on the financial statements of an emerging market country issuer may not reflect its financial position or results of operations in the way they would be reflected had the financial statements been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. In addition, for an issuer that keeps accounting records in local currency, inflation accounting rules may require, for both tax and accounting purposes, that certain assets and liabilities be restated on the issuer’s balance sheet in order to express items in terms of currency of constant purchasing power. Inflation accounting may indirectly generate losses or profits. Consequently, financial data may be materially affected by restatements for inflation and may not accurately reflect the real condition of those issuers and securities markets. Finally, in the event of a default of any such foreign obligations, it may be more difficult for a Fund to obtain or enforce a judgment against the issuers of such obligations. The manner in which foreign investors may invest in companies in certain emerging market countries, as well as limitations on such investments, also may have an adverse impact on the operations of a Fund. For example, the Fund may be required in certain of such countries to invest initially through a local broker or other entity and then have the shares purchased re-registered in the name of the Fund. Re-registration may in some instances not be able to occur on a timely basis, resulting in a delay during which the Fund may be denied certain of its rights as an investor.

 

Non-U.S. markets have different clearance and settlement procedures, and in certain markets there have been times when settlements have failed to keep pace with the volume of securities transactions, making it difficult to conduct such transactions. Further, satisfactory custodial services for investment securities may not be available in some countries having smaller emerging markets, which may result in a Fund incurring additional costs and delays in transporting and custodying such securities outside such countries. Delays in settlement or other problems could result in periods when assets of the Fund are uninvested and no return is earned thereon. The inability of a Fund to make intended security purchases due to settlement problems or the risk of intermediary counterparty failures could cause the Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities. The inability to dispose of a portfolio security due to settlement problems could result either in losses to the Fund due to subsequent declines in the value of such portfolio security or, if the Fund has entered into a contract to sell the security, could result in possible liability to the purchaser.

 

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Securities Related Activities

 

In some countries, banks or other financial institutions may constitute a substantial number of the leading companies or companies with the most actively traded securities. The 1940 Act limits a Fund’s ability to invest in any equity security of an issuer which, in its most recent fiscal year, derived more than 15% of its revenues from “securities related activities,” as defined by the rules thereunder. These provisions may also restrict a Fund’s investments in certain non-U.S. banks and other financial institutions.

 

Non-U.S. Sub-custodians

 

Rules adopted under the 1940 Act permit each Fund to maintain its non-U.S. securities and cash in the custody of certain eligible non-U.S. banks and securities depositories.

 

Certain banks in non-U.S. countries may not be eligible sub-custodians for either Fund, in which event the Fund may be precluded from purchasing securities in certain non-U.S. countries in which it otherwise would invest or which may result in the Fund’s incurring additional costs and delays in providing transportation and custody services for such securities outside of such countries. A Fund may encounter difficulties in effecting on a timely basis portfolio transactions with respect to any securities of issuers held outside their countries. Other banks that are eligible non-U.S. sub-custodians may be recently organized or otherwise lack extensive operating experience. In addition, in certain countries there may be legal restrictions or limitations on the ability of a Fund to recover assets held in custody by non-U.S. sub-custodians in the event of the bankruptcy of the sub-custodian.

 

Credit Ratings

 

The interest-bearing instruments included in each Fund’s investment portfolio must be assigned a credit rating of “investment grade”. A description of the ratings used by Moody’s and S&P is set forth in Appendix A. An investment in either Fund should not be considered as a complete investment program for all investors. Moreover, substantial investments in non-U.S. securities may have adverse U.S. federal income tax implications as described under “Taxes.”

 

The Adviser will take various factors into consideration in evaluating the creditworthiness of an issuer. For corporate debt securities, such factors typically include the issuer’s financial resources, its sensitivity to economic conditions and trends, the operating history of the issuer, and the experience and track record of the issuer’s management. For sovereign debt instruments, these will typically include the economic and political conditions within the issuer’s country, the issuer’s overall and external debt levels and debt service ratios, the issuer’s access to capital markets and other sources of funding, and the issuer’s debt service payment history. The Adviser will also review the ratings assigned to the security by any recognized rating organizations, although the Adviser’s judgment as to the quality of a debt security may differ from that suggested by the rating published by a rating service. In addition to the foregoing credit analysis, the Adviser will evaluate the relative value of an investment compared with its perceived credit risk. A Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective may be more dependent on the Adviser’s credit analysis than would be the case if it invested in higher quality debt securities.

 

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Emerging Market Countries

 

Certain of the risks associated with international investments and investing in smaller capital markets are heightened for investments in emerging market countries. For example, some of the currencies of emerging market countries have experienced devaluations relative to the U.S. dollar, and major adjustments have been made periodically in certain of such currencies. Certain of such countries face serious exchange constraints. In addition, governments of many emerging market countries have exercised and continue to exercise substantial influence over many aspects of the private sector. In certain cases, the government owns or controls many companies, including the largest in the country. Accordingly, government actions in the future could have a significant effect on economic conditions in developing countries which could affect private sector companies and a Fund, as well as the value of securities in the Fund.

 

Investment in certain emerging market securities is restricted or controlled to varying degrees which may at times limit or preclude investment in certain emerging market securities and increase the costs and expenses of a Fund’s portfolio. Certain emerging market countries require governmental approval prior to investments by foreign persons, limit the amount of investment by foreign persons in a particular issuer, limit the investment by foreign persons to only a specific class of securities of an issuer that may have less advantageous rights than other classes, restrict investment opportunities in issuers in industries deemed important to national interests and/or impose additional taxes on foreign investors. Certain emerging market countries may require governmental approval for the repatriation of investment income, capital or the proceeds of sales of securities by foreign investors which could adversely affect a Fund. In addition, if deterioration occurs in an emerging market country’s balance of payments, it could impose temporary restrictions on foreign capital remittances. Investing in local markets in emerging market countries may require a portfolio to adopt special procedures, seek local government approvals or take other actions, each of which may involve additional costs to a Fund.

 

Fixed Income Securities

 

Each Fund may invest in fixed income securities. Fixed income securities generally pay a specified rate of interest or dividends, or a rate that is adjusted periodically by reference to some specified index or market rate or other factor. Fixed income securities may include securities issued by U.S. federal, state, local, and non-U.S. governments and other agencies and instrumentalities, and by a wide range of private or corporate issuers. Fixed income securities include, among others, bonds, notes, bills, debentures, convertible securities, bank obligations, and commercial paper.

 

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Because interest rates vary, it is impossible to predict the income of a Fund for any particular period. Except to the extent that values are affected independently by other factors such as developments relating to a specific issuer or group of issuers, when interest rates decline, the value of a fixed-income portfolio can generally be expected to rise. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of a fixed-income portfolio can generally be expected to decline. Prices of longer term securities generally increase or decrease more sharply than those of shorter term securities in response to interest rate changes, particularly if such securities were purchased at a discount. It should be noted that the market values of securities rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities tend to react less to fluctuations in interest rate levels than do those of higher-rated securities.

 

Call or Buy-Back Features

 

In addition, many fixed-income securities contain call or buy-back features that permit their issuers to call or repurchase the securities from their holders. Such securities may present risks based on payment expectations. Although a Fund may typically receive a premium if an issuer were to redeem a security, if an issuer exercises such a “call option” and redeems the security during a time of declining interest rates, the Fund may realize a capital loss on its investment if the security was purchased at a premium and the Fund may have to replace the called security with a lower yielding security, resulting in a decreased rate of return to the Fund.

 

Bank Obligations

 

Bank obligations that may be purchased by either Fund include certificates of deposit, banker’s acceptances and fixed time deposits. A certificate of deposit is a short-term negotiable certificate issued by a commercial bank against funds deposited in the bank and is either interest-bearing or purchased on a discount basis. A banker’s acceptance is a short-term draft drawn on a commercial bank by a borrower, usually in connection with an international commercial transaction. The borrower is liable for payment, as is the bank, which unconditionally guarantees to pay the draft at its face amount on the maturity date. Fixed time deposits are obligations of branches of U.S. or non-U.S. banks which are payable at a stated maturity date and bear a fixed rate of interest. Although fixed time deposits do not have a market, there are no contractual restrictions on the right to transfer a beneficial interest in the deposit to a third party. Bank obligations may be general obligations of the parent bank or may be limited to the issuing branch by the terms of the specific obligations or by government regulation. Securities issued or guaranteed by non-U.S. banks and non-U.S. branches of U.S. banks are subject to many of the risks of investing in non-U.S. securities generally.

 

Banks are subject to extensive governmental regulations which may limit both the amounts and types of loans and other financial commitments which may be made and interest rates and fees which may be charged. The profitability of this industry is to a significant extent dependent upon the availability and cost of capital of funds used by the bank to finance its lending operations. Also, general economic conditions play an important part in the operations of this industry and exposure to credit losses arising from possible financial difficulties of borrowers might affect a bank’s ability to meet its obligations.

 

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Initial Public Offerings

 

The Fund may purchase shares in initial public offerings (“IPO”). Because IPO shares frequently are volatile in price, the Fund may hold IPO shares for a very short period of time. This may increase the turnover of the Fund’s portfolio and may lead to increased expenses to the Fund, such as commissions and transaction costs. By selling shares, the Fund may realize taxable capital gains that it will subsequently distribute to shareholders. Investing in IPOs has added risks because their shares are frequently volatile in price. As a result, their performance can be more volatile and they face greater risk of business failure, which could increase the volatility of the Fund’s portfolio.

 

Convertible Securities

 

Each Fund may invest in convertible securities, which are bonds, debentures, notes, preferred stock or other securities, which may be converted into or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common stock of the same or different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt or the dividend paid on preferred stock until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Before conversion, convertible securities ordinarily provide a stream of income, which generate higher yields than those of common stocks of the same or similar issuers but lower than the yield on non-convertible debt. Convertible securities are usually subordinate or are comparable to non-convertible securities but rank senior to common stock or shares in a company’s capital structure. The value of a convertible security is a function of (i) its yield in comparison with the yields of other securities of comparable maturity and quality that do not have a conversion privilege and (ii) its worth, at market value, if converted into the underlying common stock. Convertible securities are typically issued by smaller capitalized companies whose stock prices may be volatile. The price of a convertible security often reflects such variations in the price of the underlying common stock in a way that non-convertible debt does not. A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible security’s governing instrument.

 

Firm Commitments and When-Issued Securities

 

Each Fund may purchase securities on a firm commitment basis, including when-issued securities. Securities purchased on a firm commitment basis are purchased for delivery beyond the normal settlement date at a stated price and yield. No income accrues to the purchaser of a security on a firm commitment basis prior to delivery. Such securities are recorded as an asset and are subject to changes in value based upon changes in the general level of interest rates. Purchasing a security on a firm commitment basis can involve a risk that the market price at the time of delivery may be lower than the agreed upon purchase price, in which case there could be an unrealized loss at the time of delivery. Each Fund will only make commitments to purchase securities on a firm commitment basis with the intention of actually acquiring the securities, but may sell them before the settlement date if it is deemed advisable. A Fund will designate liquid assets in an amount at least equal in value to the Fund’s commitments to purchase securities on a firm commitment basis. If the value of these assets declines, the Fund will place additional liquid assets in the account on a daily basis so that the value of the assets in the account is equal to the amount of such commitments.

 

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Floating and Variable Rate Instruments

 

Each Fund may each invest in floating and variable rate obligations. Floating or variable rate obligations bear interest at rates that are not fixed, but vary with changes in specified market rates or indices, such as the prime rate, and at specified intervals. The variable rate obligations in which a Fund may invest include variable rate master demand notes, which are unsecured instruments issued pursuant to an agreement between the issuer and the holder that permit the indebtedness thereunder to vary and provide for periodic adjustments in the interest rate.

 

Certain of the floating or variable rate obligations that may be purchased by a Fund may carry a demand feature that would permit the holder to tender them back to the issuer of the instrument or to a third party at par value prior to maturity. Some of the demand instruments purchased by a Fund are not traded in a secondary market and derive their liquidity solely from the ability of the holder to demand repayment from the issuer or third party providing credit support. If a demand instrument is not traded in a secondary market, the Fund will nonetheless treat the instrument as liquid for the purposes of its investment restriction limiting investments in illiquid securities unless the demand feature has a notice period of more than seven days; if the notice period is greater than seven days, such a demand instrument will be characterized as illiquid for such purpose. The Fund’s right to obtain payment at par on a demand instrument could be affected by events occurring between the date the Fund elects to demand payment and the date payment is due that may affect the ability of the issuer of the instrument or a third party providing credit support to make payment when due. To facilitate settlement, some demand instruments may be held in book entry form at a bank other than the Fund’s custodian subject to a sub-custodian agreement approved by the Fund between that bank and the Fund’s custodian.

 

Inflation-Indexed Bonds

 

Inflation-indexed bonds are fixed income securities whose principal value is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. Two structures are common. The U.S. Treasury and some other issuers use a structure that accrues inflation into the principal value of the bond. Most other issuers pay out the CPI accruals as part of a semiannual coupon.

 

Inflation-indexed securities issued by the U.S. Treasury have maturities of five, ten or twenty years, although it is possible that securities with other maturities will be issued in the future. The U.S. Treasury securities pay interest on a semiannual basis, equal to a fixed percentage of the inflation-adjusted principal amount. For example, if a Fund purchased an inflation-indexed bond with a par value of $1,000 and a 3% real rate of return coupon (payable 1.5% semi-annually), and inflation over the first six months were 1%, the mid-year par value of the bond would be $1,010 and the first semi-annual interest payment would be $15.15 ($1,010 times 1.5%). If inflation during the second half of the year resulted in the whole year’s inflation equaling 3%, the end-of-year par value of the bond would be $1,030 and the second semi-annual interest payment would be $15.45 ($1,030 times 1.5%).

 

If the periodic adjustment rate measuring inflation falls, the principal value of inflation-indexed bonds will be adjusted downward, and consequently the interest payable on these securities (calculated with respect to a smaller principal amount) will be reduced. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-indexed bonds, even during a period of deflation. However, the current market value of the bonds is not guaranteed, and will fluctuate. The Funds may also invest in other inflation related bonds which may or may not provide a similar guarantee. If a guarantee of principal is not provided, the adjusted principal value of the bond repaid at maturity may be less than the original principal. The value of inflation-indexed bonds is expected to change in response to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates in turn are tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates and the rate of inflation.

 

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Money Market Instruments/Securities

 

Each Fund may hold money market instruments, including commercial paper, bankers acceptances, certificates of deposit and other short term debt securities as ancillary liquid assets.

 

Restricted Securities and Securities With Limited Trading Markets (Rule 144A)

 

Each Fund may purchase securities for which there is a limited trading market or which are subject to restrictions on resale to the public. If a Fund were to acquire substantial positions in securities with limited trading markets, the activities of the Fund could have an adverse effect upon the liquidity and marketability of such securities and the Fund might not be able to dispose of its holdings in those securities at then current market prices. Circumstances could also exist (to satisfy redemptions, for example) when portfolio securities might have to be sold by the Fund at times which otherwise might be considered to be disadvantageous so that the Fund might receive lower proceeds from such sales than it had expected to realize. Investments in securities which are “restricted” may involve added expenses to a Fund should the Fund be required to bear registration costs with respect to such securities and could involve delays in disposing of such securities which might have an adverse effect upon the price and timing of sales of such securities and the liquidity of the Fund with respect to redemptions. Restricted securities and securities for which there is a limited trading market may be significantly more difficult to value due to the unavailability of reliable market quotations for such securities, and investment in such securities may have an adverse impact on net asset value. The Funds may purchase Rule 144A securities for which there may be a secondary market of qualified institutional buyers as contemplated by Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”). Liquidity determinations with respect to Rule 144A securities will be made by the Board or by the Adviser pursuant to guidelines established by the Board. A Fund’s holdings of Rule 144A securities which are considered liquid securities will not be subject to the Fund’s applicable limitation on investments in illiquid securities.

 

Each Fund may purchase Rule 144A securities on certain exchanges. These markets provide access to only institutional and highly sophisticated investors. They allow private companies to raise capital without the disclosure requirements of public markets and follow specific SEC rules to avoid certain disclosure requirements. Under these rules, companies are able to sell securities without registering them if the issued securities are limited to qualified institutional buyers (investors with at least $100 million in assets), and there are less than 500 shareholders. The market is run through a proprietary trading system. This system allows the members of the exchange to view bid and ask offers and recent sales. Actual transactions are made through special brokers. Because of the lack of disclosure in these markets, shares are expected to trade at a discount to the equivalent price achievable if the shares were listed on a public market. Companies utilizing these markets however, believe that the ability to avoid disclosure requirements of public markets is more important than receiving the higher price available from a public exchange listing.

 

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U.S. Government Securities

 

Each Fund may invest without limit in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or by its agencies or instrumentalities. U.S. government securities in general include a wide variety of U.S. Treasury obligations consisting of bills, notes and bonds, which principally differ only in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance. Securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies and instrumentalities are debt securities issued by agencies or instrumentalities established or sponsored by the U.S. government and may be backed only by the credit of the issuing agency or instrumentality. A Fund will invest in such obligations only where the Adviser is satisfied that the credit risk with respect to the issuer is minimal.

 

Securities issued by the U.S. Treasury generally do not involve the credit risks associated with investments in other types of fixed-income securities, although, as a result, the yields available from these securities are generally lower than the yields available from corporate fixed-income securities. Like other debt securities, however, the values of U.S. government securities change as interest rates fluctuate, which could affect a Fund’s net asset value. Since the magnitude of these fluctuations will generally be greater at times when the Fund’s average maturity is longer, under certain market conditions the Fund may, for temporary defensive purposes, accept lower current income from short-term investments rather than investing in higher yielding long-term securities. Some U.S. Government securities (such as Fannie Maes and Freddie Macs) are guaranteed as to the payment of principal and interest by the relevant entity (e.g., FNMA or FHLMC) but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government securities. Therefore, the securities would generally be neither the securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury.

 

Zero Coupon Securities, Pay-In-Kind Bonds and Deferred Payment Securities

 

Each Fund may invest in zero coupon securities, pay-in-kind bonds and deferred payment securities. Zero coupon securities are debt securities that pay no cash income but are sold at substantial discounts from their value at maturity. When a zero coupon security is held to maturity, its entire return, which consists of the amortization of discount, comes from the difference between its purchase price and its maturity value. This difference is known at the time of purchase, so that investors holding zero coupon securities until maturity know at the time of their investment what the expected return on their investment will be. Zero coupon securities may have conversion features. Each Fund also may purchase pay-in-kind bonds. Pay-in-kind bonds pay all or a portion of their interest in the form of debt or equity securities. Deferred payment securities are securities that remain zero coupon securities until a predetermined date, at which time the stated coupon rate becomes effective and interest becomes payable at regular intervals.

 

Zero coupon securities, pay-in-kind bonds and deferred payment securities tend to be subject to greater price fluctuations in response to changes in interest rates than are ordinary interest-paying debt securities with similar maturities. The value of zero coupon securities appreciates more during periods of declining interest rates and depreciates more during periods of rising interest rates than ordinary interest-paying debt securities with similar maturities. Zero coupon securities, pay-in-kind bonds and deferred payment securities may be issued by a wide variety of corporate and governmental issuers. Although these instruments are generally not traded on a national securities exchange, they are widely traded by brokers and dealers and, to such extent, will not generally be considered illiquid for the purposes of a Fund’s limitation on investments in illiquid securities.

 

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Current U.S. federal income tax law requires the holder of a zero coupon security, certain pay-in-kind bonds, deferred payment securities and certain other securities acquired at a discount to accrue income with respect to these securities prior to the receipt of cash payments. Accordingly, to avoid liability for federal income and excise taxes, a Fund may be required to distribute income accrued with respect to these securities and may have to dispose of portfolio securities under disadvantageous circumstances in order to generate cash to satisfy these distribution requirements. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted in 2017 (the “2017 Tax Act”) requires accrual-method taxpayers to recognize items of gross income for tax purposes no later than the year in which the taxpayer recognizes the income for financial accounting purposes. The IRS has said it will not apply this provision to require the recognition of accrued market discount. It is uncertain whether the 2017 Tax Act will accelerate the recognition by a Fund of original issue discount for income tax purposes.

 

OTHER PRACTICES

 

Borrowing

 

Neither Fund will use leverage or borrow for investment purposes. Each Fund may borrow up to 10% of its net assets for short term cash flow purposes to meet any redemption requests. Borrowing creates an opportunity for increased return, but, at the same time, creates special risks. Furthermore, if a Fund were to engage in borrowing, an increase in interest rates could reduce the value of the Fund’s shares by increasing the Fund’s interest expense.

 

Subject to the limitations described under “Investment Limitations” below, each Fund may be permitted to borrow for temporary purposes. Such a practice will result in leveraging of the Fund’s assets and may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous to do so. This borrowing may be secured or unsecured. Provisions of the 1940 Act require each Fund to maintain continuous asset coverage (that is, total assets including borrowings, less liabilities exclusive of borrowings) of 300% of the amount borrowed, with an exception for borrowings not in excess of 5% of the Fund’s total assets made for temporary administrative purposes. Any borrowings for temporary administrative purposes in excess of 5% of a Fund’s total assets will count against this asset coverage requirement. If the 300% asset coverage should decline as a result of market fluctuations or other reasons, a Fund may be required to sell some of its portfolio holdings within three days to reduce the debt and restore the 300% asset coverage, even though it may be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint if the Fund sells securities at that time. Borrowing will tend to exaggerate the effect on net asset value of any increase or decrease in the market value of a Fund’s portfolio. Money borrowed will be subject to interest costs which may or may not be recovered by appreciation of the securities purchased, if any. Each Fund also may be required to maintain minimum average balances in connection with such borrowings or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit; either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate.

 

17 

 

Depositary Receipts

 

Depositary receipts include sponsored and unsponsored Depositary receipts that are or become available, including American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”), and Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”) and other depositary receipts. Depositary receipts are typically issued by a financial institution (“Depositary”) and evidence ownership interests in a security or a pool of securities (“underlying securities”) that have been deposited with the depositary. The depositary for ADRs is typically a U.S. financial institution and the underlying securities are issued by a non-U.S. issuer. ADRs are publicly traded on exchanges or OTC in the United States and are issued through “sponsored” or “unsponsored” arrangements. In a sponsored ADR arrangement, the non-U.S. issuer assumes the obligation to pay some or all of the depositary’s transaction fees, whereas under an unsponsored arrangement, the non-U.S. issuer assumes no obligation and the depositary’s transaction fees are paid by the ADR holders. In addition, less information is available in the United States about an unsponsored ADR than about a sponsored ADR, and the financial information about a company may not be as reliable for an unsponsored ADR as it is for a sponsored ADR. In the case of GDRs, the depositary can be a non-U.S. or a U.S. financial institution and the underlying securities are issued by a non-U.S. issuer. GDRs allow companies in Europe, Asia, the United States and Latin America to offer shares in many markets around the world, thus allowing them to raise capital in these markets, as opposed to just in their home market. The advantage of GDRs is that shares do not have to be bought through the issuing company’s home exchange, which may be difficult and expensive, but can be bought on all major stock exchanges. In addition, the share price and all dividends are converted to the shareholder’s home currency. As for other depositary receipts, the depositary may be a non-U.S. or a U.S. entity, and the underlying securities may have a non-U.S. or a U.S. issuer. For purposes of each Fund’s investment policies, investments in depositary receipts will be deemed to be investments in the underlying securities. Thus, a depositary receipt representing ownership of common stock will be treated as common stock. Depositary receipts purchased by a Fund may not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the underlying securities into which they may be converted, in which case the Fund may be exposed to relative currency fluctuations.

 

Illiquid Securities

 

Each Fund may invest up to 10% of the value of its net assets in illiquid securities. The term “illiquid securities” for this purpose means securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately the amount at which the Fund has valued the securities. Illiquid securities are considered to include, among other things, written OTC options, securities or other liquid assets being used as cover for such options, repurchase agreements with maturities in excess of seven days, certain loan participation interests, fixed time deposits which are not subject to prepayment or provide for withdrawal penalties upon prepayment (other than overnight deposits), and other securities whose disposition is restricted under the federal securities laws.

 

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To the extent that liquid assignments and loan participations that a Fund holds become illiquid due to the lack of sufficient buyers or market or other conditions, the percentage of the Fund’s assets invested in illiquid assets would increase. The Adviser, under the supervision of the Board, monitors Fund investments in assignments and loan participations and will, in such a case, consider appropriate measures to enable each Fund to maintain sufficient liquidity for operating purposes and to meet redemption requests.

 

Repurchase Agreements

 

Each Fund may enter into repurchase agreements. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the seller of a security commits itself at the time of sale to repurchase that security from the buyer at a mutually agreed upon time and price. The resale price is in excess of the purchase price and reflects an agreed-upon market interest rate unrelated to the coupon rate on the purchased security. Such transactions afford a Fund the opportunity to earn a return on temporarily available cash at relatively low market risk. The Adviser monitors the value of the securities underlying the repurchase agreement at the time the transaction is entered into and at all times during the term of the repurchase agreement to ensure that the value of the securities always equals or exceeds the repurchase price. The Fund requires that additional securities be deposited if the value of the securities purchased decreases below their resale price and does not bear the risk of a decline in the value of the underlying security unless the seller defaults under the repurchase obligation.

 

While the underlying security may be a bill, certificate of indebtedness, note or bond issued by an agency, authority or instrumentality of the U.S. government, the obligation of the seller is not guaranteed by the U.S. government and there is a risk that the seller may fail to repurchase the underlying security. In such event, the Fund would attempt to exercise rights with respect to the underlying security, including possible disposition in the market. However, the Fund may be subject to various delays and risks of loss, including (i) possible declines in the value of the underlying security during the period while the Fund seeks to enforce its rights thereto, (ii) possible reduced levels of income and lack of access to income during this period, and (iii) inability to enforce rights and the expenses involved in the attempted enforcement.

 

Repurchase agreements with maturities of more than seven days will be treated as illiquid securities.

 

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

 

Each Fund may enter into “reverse” repurchase agreements to avoid selling securities during unfavorable market conditions to meet redemptions. Pursuant to a reverse repurchase agreement, the Fund will sell portfolio securities and agree to repurchase them from the buyer at a particular date and price. Whenever a Fund enters into a reverse repurchase agreement, it will establish a segregated account in which it will maintain liquid assets in an amount at least equal to the repurchase price marked to market daily (including accrued interest), and will subsequently monitor the account to ensure that such equivalent value is maintained. A Fund pays interest on amounts obtained pursuant to reverse repurchase agreements. Reverse repurchase agreements are considered to be borrowings by a Fund.

 

19 

 

INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS

 

Fundamental Investment Limitations

 

The following is a description of the Funds’ fundamental investment restrictions. “Fundamental” restrictions are those that may not be changed without the vote of a majority of a Fund’s outstanding voting securities. Under the 1940 Act, the vote of a majority of the outstanding securities of a company means the vote, at the annual or a special meeting of the security holders of such company duly called: (A) of 67 percent or more of the voting securities present at such meeting, if the holders of more than 50 percent of the outstanding voting securities of such company are present or represented by proxy; or (B) of more than 50 percent of the outstanding voting securities of such company, whichever is less.

 

In contrast, non-fundamental investment restrictions (which include the Fund’s investment objective and each of the other investment restrictions set forth in the Prospectus or this SAI) may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval.

 

The percentages set forth below and the percentage limitations set forth in the Prospectus apply at the time of the purchase of a security and shall not be considered violated unless an excess or deficiency occurs or exists immediately after and as a result of a purchase of such security.

 

For purposes of the fundamental restrictions set forth below, “total assets” means net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes.

 

Each Fund may not:

 

(1) Purchase securities which would cause 25% or more of the value of its total assets at the time of purchase to be invested in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry (excluding the U.S. Government and its agencies and instrumentalities);

 

(2) Borrow money, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act;

 

(3) Make loans, except that the Fund may purchase or hold debt instruments in accordance with their investment objectives and policies; provided however, this restriction does not apply to repurchase agreements or loans of portfolio securities;

 

(4) Act as an underwriter of securities of other issuers except that, in the disposition of portfolio securities, it may be deemed to be an underwriter under the federal securities laws;

 

(5) Purchase or sell real estate, although the Fund may purchase securities of issuers which deal in real estate, securities which are secured by interests in real estate, and securities which represent interests in real estate, and they may acquire and dispose of real estate or interests in real estate acquired through the exercise of their rights as a holder of debt obligations secured by real estate or interests therein;

 

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(6) Purchase or sell commodities, except that the Fund may purchase and sell futures contracts and options, may enter into foreign exchange contracts and may enter into swap agreements and other financial transactions not requiring the delivery of physical commodities; or

 

(7) Issue senior securities, except for permitted borrowings or as otherwise permitted under the 1940 Act.

 

The use of any particular industry classification system with respect to restriction (1) is not a fundamental policy of either Fund. Each Fund may use such classification titles, standards, and systems from time to time, as it determines to be in the best interests of shareholders. Restrictions (2) and (7) above shall be interpreted based upon no-action letters and other pronouncements of the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Under current pronouncements, certain Fund positions may be excluded from the definition of “senior security” so long as the Fund maintains adequate cover, segregation of assets or otherwise. See “Borrowing” above.

 

Non-Fundamental Investment Limitations

 

In addition, it is contrary to each Fund’s present policy, which may be changed without shareholder vote, to purchase any illiquid security, including any securities whose disposition is restricted under federal securities laws and securities that are not readily marketable, if, as a result, more than 10% of that Fund’s net assets (based on then-current value) would then be invested in such securities. The staff of the SEC is presently of the view that repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days are subject to this restriction. Until that position is revised, modified or rescinded, each Fund will conduct its operations in a manner consistent with this view. This limitation on investment in illiquid securities does not apply to certain restricted securities, including securities pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act and certain commercial paper, that the Adviser has determined to be liquid under procedures approved by the Board.

 

PORTFOLIO TURNOVER

 

Purchases and sales of portfolio securities may be made as considered advisable by the Adviser in the best interests of the shareholders. Each Fund’s portfolio turnover rate may vary from year to year, as well as within a year. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, each Fund’s distributions of any net short-term capital gains realized from portfolio transactions are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. In addition, higher portfolio turnover rates can result in corresponding increases in portfolio transaction costs for a Fund. See “Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage” in this SAI.

 

For reporting purposes, each Fund’s portfolio turnover rate is calculated by dividing the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities for the fiscal year by the monthly average of the value of the portfolio securities owned by the Fund during the fiscal year. In determining such portfolio turnover, all securities whose maturities at the time of acquisition were one year or less are excluded. A 100% portfolio turnover rate would occur, for example, if all of the securities in a Fund’s investment portfolio (other than short-term money market securities) were replaced once during the fiscal year. Portfolio turnover will not be a limiting factor should the Adviser deem it advisable to purchase or sell securities.

 

21 

 

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

 

Policy Statement

 

This Policy sets forth the conditions under which Portfolio Holdings data for Financial Investors Trust (the “Trust”) on behalf of each Fund of the Trust (collectively the “Funds” and each, a “Fund”) may be disclosed to Third Parties (which may include the public) and Service Providers. No data about the Funds may be disclosed except in accordance with this Policy.

 

Portfolio Holdings data includes, but is not limited to, the following information about the Funds: (i) specific securities held; (ii) industry sector breakdowns as a percentage of portfolio net assets; (iii) asset composition (e.g., equities versus bonds); (iv) U.S. versus foreign holdings percentage breakdowns and regional breakdowns (e.g., Asia, North America); and (v) top 10 portfolio holdings in order of position size, including percentage of portfolio.

 

“Third Parties” or a “Third Party” means a person other than a Service Provider, an employee of a Service Provider, a Trustee of the Board of Trustees of the Trust, or an officer of the Funds.

 

“Service Providers” or a “Service Provider” includes, but is not limited to, the investment adviser, sub-adviser, administrator, custodian, transfer agent, fund accountant, principal underwriter, software or technology service providers, pricing and proxy voting service providers, research and trading service providers, auditors, accountants, and legal counsel, or any other entity that has a need to know such information in order to fulfill their contractual obligations to provide services to the Funds.

 

Policy Overview

 

The Board has adopted, on behalf of the Funds, policies and procedures relating to disclosure of the Portfolio Holdings. These policies and procedures are designed to protect the confidentiality of the Portfolio Holdings’ information and to prevent the selective disclosure of such information. These policies and procedures may be modified at any time with the approval of the Board.

 

In order to protect the Funds from any trading practices or other use by a Third Party that could harm the Funds, Portfolio Holdings’ and other Fund-specific information must not be selectively released or disclosed except under the circumstances described below.

 

The Board of Trustees of the Trust (the “Board”) will periodically review the list of entities that have received, other than through public channels, Portfolio Holdings data, to ensure that the disclosure of the information was in the best interest of shareholders, identify any potential for conflicts of interest and evaluate the effectiveness of its current portfolio holding policy.

 

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Only officers of the Funds and their authorized agents, including, but not limited to, the Chief Compliance Officer of the investment adviser or sub-adviser, may approve the disclosure of a Fund’s Portfolio Holdings. Except as set forth under “Policy Exceptions” below, exceptions to this Policy may only be made if an officer of a Fund and its authorized agents, including, but not limited to, the Chief Compliance Officer of the investment adviser, determines that the disclosure is being made for a legitimate business purpose and such disclosures must be documented and reported to the Board on a quarterly basis. In all cases, Third Parties and Service Providers are required to execute a non-disclosure agreement requiring the recipient to keep confidential any Portfolio Holdings data received and not to trade on the Confidential Portfolio Information (defined below) received. Neither the Trust nor its Service Providers (nor any persons affiliated with either) can receive any compensation or other consideration in connection with the sharing of a Fund’s Portfolio Holdings.

 

The identity of such entities is provided below:

 

Name of Recipient

Frequency of
Holdings
Disclosure

Information

Lag

Date of

Information

Date Provided

to Recipients

Vulcan Value Partners, LLC

(Adviser)

Daily None Daily Daily

ALPS Fund Services, Inc.

(Administrator)

Daily None Daily Daily

Bank of New York Mellon

(Custodian)

Daily None Daily Daily

[       ]

(Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm)

As needed None As needed As needed

Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP

(Counsel)

As needed None As needed As needed

 

Disclosure of the Portfolio Holdings’ information that is not publicly available (“Confidential Portfolio Information”) may be made to Service Providers. In addition, to the extent permitted under applicable law, the investment adviser or sub-adviser may distribute (or authorize the custodian or principal underwriter to distribute) Confidential Portfolio Information to the Fund’s relevant Service Providers and to facilitate the review of the Funds by certain mutual fund analysts and ratings agencies (such as Morningstar and Lipper Analytical Services) (“Rating Agencies”); provided that such disclosure is limited to the information that the investment adviser or sub-adviser believes is reasonably necessary in connection with the services to be provided. As noted above, except to the extent permitted under this Policy, Confidential Portfolio Information may not be disseminated for compensation or other consideration.

 

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Before any disclosure of Confidential Portfolio Information to Service Providers or Rating Agencies is permitted, the Fund’s investment adviser’s or the sub-adviser’s Chief Compliance Officer (or persons designated by the investment adviser’s or the sub-adviser’s Chief Compliance Officer) must determine in writing that, under the circumstances, the disclosure is being made for a legitimate business purpose. Furthermore, the recipient of Confidential Portfolio Information by a Service Provider or Rating Agency must be subject to a written confidentiality agreement that prohibits any trading upon the Confidential Portfolio Information or the recipient must be subject to professional or ethical obligations not to disclose or otherwise improperly use the information, such as would apply to independent registered public accounting firms or legal counsel.

 

The applicable Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser shall have primary responsibility for ensuring that the Portfolio Holdings’ information is disclosed only in accordance with this Policy. As part of this responsibility, the applicable Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser will maintain such internal policies and procedures as it believes are reasonably necessary for preventing the unauthorized disclosure of Confidential Portfolio Information.

 

Full Portfolio Holdings

 

The Funds currently authorize quarterly dissemination of full portfolio holdings of a Fund with a thirty (30) calendar day lag. In addition, except as set forth in this Policy, including Appendix A hereto, the full holdings of a Fund will be disclosed on a quarterly basis on forms required to be filed with the SEC as follows: (i) Portfolio Holdings as of the end of each fiscal year will be filed as part of the annual report filed on Form N-CSR; (ii) Portfolio Holdings as of the end of the first and third fiscal quarters will be filed in Form N-Q; and (iii) Portfolio Holdings as of the end of the second fiscal quarter will be filed as part of the semi-annual report filed on Form N-CSR. The Trust’s Form N-CSRs and Form N-Qs are available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

 

Partial Portfolio Holdings

 

Except as set forth in this Policy, partial Portfolio Holdings information will only be provided to third Parties for the most recent month-end period and only after a thirty (30) calendar day delay from the end of the month being provided. These holdings may include any combination of the Portfolio Holdings information, except for full Portfolio Holdings.

 

Policy Exceptions

 

The following disclosures of Portfolio Holdings are not prohibited by this Policy:

 

Disclosures that are required by law;

Disclosures necessary for Service Providers (defined above);

Disclosure necessary for Rating Agencies to assess applicable fund ratings.

Disclosures necessary to broker-dealers or banks as part of the normal buying, selling, shorting, or other transactions in portfolio securities

Disclosures to the Fund’s or Service Providers’ regulatory authorities, accountants, or counsel;

 

24 

 

Disclosures to the adviser or sub-adviser of a Fund of compiled data concerning accounts managed by the particular adviser or sub-adviser; or

Any portfolio holdings that precede a full public disclosure (e.g., portfolio holdings that are dated prior to the most recent quarterly disclosure) are not considered to be sensitive, proprietary information of the Fund, and therefore are not subject to the aforementioned disclosure policies.

 

PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

 

Investment Decisions and Portfolio Transactions

 

Investment decisions for each Fund are made with a view to achieving its investment objectives. Investment decisions are the product of many factors in addition to basic suitability for the particular client involved (including the Fund). Some securities considered for investment by the Fund may also be appropriate for other clients served by the Adviser. Thus, a particular security may be bought or sold for certain clients even though it could have been bought or sold for other clients at the same time. If a purchase or sale of securities consistent with the investment policies of a Fund and one or more of these clients is considered at or about the same time, transactions in such securities will be allocated among such Fund and clients in a manner deemed fair and reasonable by the Adviser. Particularly when investing in less liquid or illiquid securities, such allocation may take into account the asset size of a Fund in determining whether the allocation of an investment is suitable. The Adviser may aggregate orders for a Fund with simultaneous transactions entered into on behalf of its other clients so long as price and transaction expenses are averaged either for the portfolio transaction or for that day. Likewise, a particular security may be bought for one or more clients when one or more clients are selling the security. In some instances, one client may sell a particular security to another client. It also sometimes happens that two or more clients simultaneously purchase or sell the same security, in which event each day’s transactions in such security are, insofar as possible, averaged as to price and allocated between such clients in a manner which in the Adviser’s opinion is equitable to each and in accordance with the amount being purchased or sold by each. There may be circumstances when purchases or sales of portfolio securities for one or more clients will have an adverse effect on other clients, including either Fund.

 

Brokerage and Research Services

 

The Adviser places orders for the purchase and sale of portfolio securities, options and futures contracts and buys and sells such securities, options and futures for each Fund through a substantial number of brokers and dealers. In so doing, the Adviser uses its best efforts to obtain for the Funds the most favorable price and execution available, except to the extent it may be permitted to pay higher brokerage commissions as described below. In seeking the most favorable price and execution, the Adviser, having in mind each Fund’s best interests, considers all factors it deems relevant, including, by way of illustration, price, the size of the transaction, the nature of the market for the security, the amount of the commission, the timing of the transaction taking into account market prices and trends, the reputation, experience and financial stability of the broker-dealer involved and the quality of service rendered by the broker-dealer in that or other transactions.

 

25 

 

The Adviser places orders for the purchase and sale of portfolio investments for each Fund’s accounts with brokers or dealers selected by it in its discretion. In effecting purchases and sales of portfolio securities for the accounts of the Funds, the Adviser will seek the best price and execution of each Fund’s orders. In doing so, a Fund may pay higher commission rates than the lowest available when the Adviser believes it is reasonable to do so in light of the value of the brokerage and research services provided by the broker effecting the transaction, as discussed below. Although a Fund may use a broker-dealer that sells Fund shares to effect transactions for the Fund’s portfolios, the Fund will not consider the sale of Fund shares as a factor when selecting broker-dealers to execute those transactions.

 

There is generally no stated commission in the case of fixed-income securities and other securities traded on a principal basis in the OTC markets, but the price paid by a Fund usually includes an undisclosed dealer commission or markup. In underwritten offerings, the price paid by a Fund includes a disclosed, fixed commission or discount retained by the underwriter or dealer. Transactions on U.S. stock exchanges and other agency transactions involve the payment by the Fund of negotiated brokerage commissions. Such commissions vary among different brokers. Also, a particular broker may charge different commissions according to such factors as the difficulty and size of the transaction. Transactions in non-U.S. securities generally involve the payment of fixed brokerage commissions, which are generally higher than those in the United States. The purchase by a Fund of participations or assignments may be pursuant to privately negotiated transactions pursuant to which the Fund may be required to pay fees to the seller or forego a portion of payments in respect of the participation agreement.

 

Advisers or subadvisers of investment companies and other institutional investors from time to time receive research and brokerage products and services (together, “services”) from broker-dealers which execute portfolio transactions for the clients of such advisers. Consistent with this practice, the Adviser receives services from many broker-dealers with which the Adviser places the Funds’ portfolio transactions. These services, which in some cases may also be purchased for cash, may include, among other things, such items as general economic and security market reviews, industry and company reviews, evaluations of securities, recommendations as to the purchase and sale of securities, and services related to the execution of securities transactions. The advisory fees paid by a Fund is not reduced because the Adviser receives such services even though the receipt of such services relieves the Adviser from expenses it might otherwise bear. Research and brokerage services provided by broker-dealers chosen by the Adviser to place a Fund’s portfolio transactions may be useful to the Adviser in providing services to the Adviser’s other clients, although not all of these services may be necessarily useful and of value to the Adviser in managing the Funds. Conversely, research and brokerage services provided to the Adviser by broker-dealers in connection with trades executed on behalf of other clients of the Adviser may be useful to the Adviser in managing the Funds, although not all of these services may be necessarily useful and of value to the Adviser in managing such other clients.

 

In reliance on the “safe harbor” provided by Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), an Adviser may cause either Fund to pay a broker-dealer which provides “brokerage and research services” (as defined for purposes of Section 28(e)) to the Adviser an amount of commission for effecting a securities transaction for the Fund in excess of the commission which another broker-dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if the Adviser determines in good faith that the commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided by the broker-dealer viewed in terms of either a particular transaction or the Adviser’s overall responsibilities to the advisory accounts for which it exercises investment discretion.

 

26 

 

The Adviser may place orders for the purchase and sale of exchange-listed portfolio securities with a broker-dealer that is an affiliate of the Adviser where, in the judgment of the Adviser, such firm will be able to obtain a price and execution at least as favorable as other qualified broker-dealers. Pursuant to rules of the SEC, a broker-dealer that is an affiliate of the Adviser may receive and retain compensation for effecting portfolio transactions for a Fund on a securities exchange if the commissions paid to such an affiliated broker-dealer by the Fund on exchange transactions do not exceed “usual and customary brokerage commissions.” The rules define “usual and customary” commissions to include amounts which are “reasonable and fair compared to the commission, fee or other remuneration received or to be received by other brokers in connection with comparable transactions involving similar securities being purchased or sold on a securities exchange during a comparable period of time.” As required by applicable SEC rules, the Board has adopted procedures which are reasonably designed to provide that any commissions, fees or other remuneration paid to an affiliated broker are consistent with the foregoing standards.

 

The table below shows the brokerage commissions paid by each Fund for the periods indicated:

 

  For the Fiscal
Year Ended
April 30, 2018
For the Fiscal
Year Ended
April 30, 2017
For the Fiscal
Year Ended
April 30, 2016
Vulcan Value Partners Fund $935,289 $1,269,871 $1,710,337
Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund $1,878,944 $1,660,085 $1,390,497

  

For the fiscal years ended April 30, 2018, April 30, 2017 and April 30, 2016, neither Fund had any transactions identified for execution primarily on the basis of research and other services provided to the Funds and therefore no related commissions.

 

For the fiscal years ended April 30, 2018, April 30, 2017 and April 30, 2016, neither Fund directed any trades to an affiliated broker/dealer.

 

Each Fund may acquire securities of brokers who execute the Fund’s portfolio transactions. As of April 30, 2018, each Fund owned securities of their regular broker-dealers (or parents) as shown below:

 

Fund Name Name of Broker-Dealer Market Value of
Securities Owned
Vulcan Value Partners Fund N/A N/A
Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund N/A N/A

 

27 

 

PURCHASE, EXCHANGE & REDEMPTION OF SHARES

 

ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (the “Transfer Agent”) will maintain an account for each shareholder upon which the registration and transfer of shares are recorded, and any transfers shall be reflected by bookkeeping entry, without physical delivery. Confirmations of each purchase, exchange or redemption are sent to each shareholder. Quarterly statements of account are sent which include shares purchased as a result of a reinvestment of Fund distributions. The Transfer Agent will require that a shareholder provide requests in writing, accompanied by a valid signature guarantee form, when changing certain information in an account (i.e., wiring instructions, telephone privileges, etc.).

 

Effective as of the close of business on November 29, 2013 and June 1, 2015, the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund and the Vulcan Value Partners Fund respectively, (the “Vulcan Funds”), are closed to new investors, except for new investors who are employees of the Adviser and as described below. This change will affect new investors seeking to purchase shares of the Vulcan Funds either directly or through third party intermediaries. Existing shareholders of the Vulcan Funds may continue to purchase additional shares of the Vulcan Funds.

 

●      A financial advisor whose clients have established accounts in the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund as of November 29, 2013 may continue to open new accounts in the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund for any of its existing or new clients.

 

●      Existing or new participants in a qualified retirement plan, such as a 401(k) plan, profit sharing plan, 403(b) plan or 457 plan, which has an existing position in the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund as of November 29, 2013, may continue to open new accounts in the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund. In addition, if such qualified retirement plans have a related retirement plan formed in the future, this plan may also open new accounts in the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund.

 

●      A financial advisor whose clients have established accounts in the Vulcan Value Partners Fund as of June 1, 2015 may continue to open new accounts in the Vulcan Value Partners Fund for any of its existing or new clients.

 

●      Existing or new participants in a qualified retirement plan, such as a 401(k) plan, profit sharing plan, 403(b) plan or 457 plan, which has an existing position in the Vulcan Value Partners Fund as of June 1, 2015, may continue to open new accounts in the Vulcan Value Partners Fund. In addition, if such qualified retirement plans have a related retirement plan formed in the future, this plan may also open new accounts in the Vulcan Value Partners Fund.

 

The Fund retains the right to make exceptions to any action taken to close the Vulcan Funds or limit inflows into the Vulcan Funds.

 

28 

 

Share Classes

 

Each Fund currently offers two classes of shares: Investor Class and Institutional Class shares.

 

The minimum initial and subsequent investment in each Fund is set forth in the Prospectus.

 

Subsequent investments may be made at any time by mailing a check to a Fund’s Transfer Agent, along with a letter providing the account number. Shareholders should be sure to write the Fund’s account number on the check. Purchases of Fund shares (initial or subsequent) may not be made by third party check.

 

Shares of either Fund may be purchased on any business day at the net asset value per share next determined after receipt of a purchase order. Share certificates will not be issued. Share purchase orders are effective on the date a Fund receives a completed Account Application Form (and other required documents) and federal funds become available.

 

Initial and subsequent investments may also be made by wire transfer. Shareholders should note that their bank may charge a fee in connection with transferring money by bank wire.

 

For a share purchase order for a Fund to become effective on a particular business day, prior to 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time): (i) in the case of a wire transfer payment, a purchaser must call 877.421.5078 to inform the Transfer Agent of an incoming wire transfer; or (ii) in the case of payment by check or money order, a complete share purchase order must be actually received by the Transfer Agent, and, in either case, federal funds must be received by the Transfer Agent, on behalf of the Fund. If federal funds are received by the Transfer Agent that same day, the order will be effective on that day. If the Fund receives notification of a wire transfer or a complete share purchase order after 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time), or if federal funds are not received by the Transfer Agent, such purchase order shall be executed as of the date that federal funds are actually received.

 

The price of each Fund’s shares and the valuation of Fund assets are discussed in “Net Asset Value.”

 

Exchanging Shares

 

If you have held all or part of your shares in a Fund for at least seven days, you may exchange those shares for shares of the other Fund if such Fund is available for sale in your state and meets the investment criteria of the investor.

 

If you are an existing shareholder of either Fund, you may exchange into a new account copying your existing account registration and options. Exchanges between accounts will be accepted only if registrations are identical.

 

Exchanges must meet the minimum investment requirements described in the Prospectus. You may also transfer between classes of a Fund if you meet the minimum investment requirements for the class into which you would like to transfer.

 

Before effecting an exchange, you should read the Prospectus.

 

29 

 

An exchange represents the sale of shares from one Fund and the purchase of shares of the other Fund. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, this may produce a taxable gain or loss in your non-tax-advantaged account. If you exchange shares within 90 calendar days from their date of purchase, you may be subject to the redemption fee as described in this SAI in “Redemption Fees” below. Transfers between classes of the same Fund are generally not considered a taxable transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes, but may result in tax reporting obligations.

 

The exchange privilege may be modified or terminated upon sixty (60) days’ written notice to shareholders. Although initially there will be no limit on the number of times you may exercise the exchange privilege, each Fund reserves the right to impose such a limitation. Call or write each Fund for further details.

 

Redemption of Shares

 

If the Board determines that it is in the best interests of the remaining shareholders of the Fund, a Fund may pay the redemption price in whole, or in part, by a distribution in kind from the Fund, in lieu of cash, taking such securities at their value employed for determining such redemption price, and selecting the securities in such manner as such Board may deem fair and equitable. A shareholder who receives a distribution in kind may incur a brokerage commission upon a later disposition of such securities and may receive less than the redemption value of such securities or property upon sale, particularly where such securities are sold prior to maturity. However, each Fund is required to redeem shares solely for cash up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the NAV of the Fund during any 90-day period for any one shareholder. Should redemptions by any shareholder exceed such limitation, the Fund will have the option of redeeming the excess in cash or in-kind. Redemption in kind is not as liquid as a cash redemption.

 

Under the 1940 Act, either Fund may suspend the right of redemption or postpone the date of payment upon redemption for any period: (i) during which the NYSE is closed, other than customary weekend and holiday closings; (ii) during which trading on the NYSE is restricted; or (iii) during which (as determined by the SEC by rule or regulation) an emergency exists as a result of which disposal or valuation of portfolio securities is not reasonably practicable, or for such other periods as the SEC may permit. A Fund may also suspend or postpone the recordation of the transfer of its shares upon the occurrence of any of the foregoing conditions.

 

Redemption Procedures. A Fund will redeem all full and fractional shares of the Fund upon request on any business day at the applicable net asset value determined after the receipt of proper redemption instructions, less any applicable redemption fees. Shareholders liquidating their holdings will receive upon redemption all dividends reinvested through the date of redemption. If notice of redemption is received on any business day, the redemption will be effective on the date of receipt. Payment will ordinarily be made on the next business day, but, in any case, within no more than seven business days from the date of receipt. If the notice is received on a day that is not a business day or after the close of regularly scheduled trading on the NYSE, the redemption notice will be deemed received as of the next business day. The value of shares at the time of redemption may be more or less than the shareholder’s cost.

 

30 

 

No redemption requests will be processed until the Fund has received a completed purchase application, and no redemption of shares purchased by check will be made until all checks received for such shares have been collected, which may take up to 10 days or more.

 

Redemption Fees. If you sell or exchange your shares after holding them 90 days or less, a 2% short-term redemption fee may be deducted from the redemption amount. For this purpose, shares held longest will be treated as being redeemed first and shares held shortest as being redeemed last. The fees are paid to the applicable Fund, and are designed to help offset the brokerage commissions, market impact, and other costs associated with short-term shareholder trading.

 

The short-term redemption fee does not apply to: (i) redemptions of shares acquired by reinvesting dividends and distributions; (ii) rollovers, transfers, and changes of account registration within a Fund as long as the money never leaves the fund; and (iii) redemptions in kind.

 

Each Fund also permits waivers of the short-term redemption fee for the following transactions:

 

Redemptions due to small balance maintenance fees;

Redemptions related to death or due to a divorce decree;

Certain types of IRA account transactions, including: redemptions pursuant to systematic withdrawal programs, withdrawals due to disability, return of excess contribution amounts, and redemptions related to payment of custodian fees; and

Certain types of employer-sponsored and 403(b) retirement plan transactions, including: loans or hardship withdrawals, minimum required distributions, redemptions pursuant to systematic withdrawal programs, forfeiture of assets, return of excess contribution amounts, redemptions related to payment of plan fees and redemptions related to death, disability or qualified domestic relations order.

 

The application of short-term redemption fees and waivers may vary among intermediaries and certain intermediaries may not apply the waivers listed above. If you purchase or sell fund shares through an intermediary, you should contact your intermediary for more information on whether the short-term redemption fee will be applied to redemptions of your shares.

 

Each Fund reserves the right to modify or eliminate the short-term redemption fee or waivers at any time. Investment advisers or their affiliates may pay short-term redemption fees on behalf of investors in managed accounts. Unitized group accounts consisting of qualified plan assets may be treated as a single account for redemption fee purposes.

 

There is no guarantee that the Trust will be successful in its efforts to enforce its redemption/exchange fee.

 

Redemption By Mail. Shares may be redeemed by mail by submitting a written request from the registered owner(s) signed exactly as shares are registered. A medallion signature guarantee by an acceptable guarantor is required to redeem amounts greater than $50,000 or to have proceeds sent to an address other than the address of record. The Transfer Agent has adopted standards and procedures pursuant to which medallion signature guarantees in proper form generally will be accepted from domestic banks, brokers, dealers, credit unions, national securities exchanges, registered securities associations, clearing agencies and savings associations, as well as from participants in the New York Stock Exchange Medallion Signature Program, the Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program (“STAMP”) and the Stock Exchanges Medallion Program. Shareholders with any questions regarding medallion signature guarantees should contact the Transfer Agent.

 

31 

 

In certain instances, the Transfer Agent may require additional documents such as, but not limited to, trust instruments, death certificates, appointments as executor or administrator or certificates of corporate authority.

 

Checks for redemption proceeds will be mailed to the address of record within seven days of redemption.

 

Redemption By Wire. If redemption by wire has been elected in the Account Application, shares may be redeemed on any business day upon request made by telephone or letter. A shareholder or any authorized agent (so designated on the Account Application Form) must provide the Transfer Agent with the dollar or share amount to be redeemed, the account to which the redemption proceeds should be wired, the name of the shareholder and the shareholder’s account number. Shareholders should note that their bank may charge a fee in connection with transferring money by wire.

 

A shareholder may change its authorized agent, the address of record or the account designated to receive redemption proceeds at any time by providing the Transfer Agent with written instructions and a medallion signature guaranteed as described above.

 

Telephone Redemption. A shareholder may request redemption by calling the Transfer Agent at 877.421.5078. Proceeds from telephone redemptions will be forwarded to the shareholder by check unless the shareholder has requested redemption by wire in the manner described above under “Redemption by Wire.” The check will be made only payable to the registered shareholder and sent to the address of record on file with the Transfer Agent. Each Fund reserves the right to refuse a telephone request for redemption if it is believed advisable to do so. Procedures for redeeming shares by telephone may be modified or terminated at any time by a Fund. Neither the Fund nor the Transfer Agent will be liable for following redemption instructions received by telephone which are reasonably believed to be genuine, and the shareholder will bear the risk of loss in the event of unauthorized or fraudulent telephone instructions. Each Fund will employ reasonable procedures to confirm that instructions communicated by telephone are genuine. The Fund and/or the Transfer Agent may be liable for any losses due to unauthorized or fraudulent instructions if they do not follow such procedures. Each Fund may require personal identification codes.

 

32 

 

TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS

 

The business and affairs of the Funds are managed under the direction of the Trust’s Board. The Board approves all significant agreements between the Trust on behalf of the Funds and the persons or companies that furnish services to the Funds, including agreements with their distributor, investment manager, administrator, custodian and transfer agent. The day-to-day operations of the Funds are delegated to the Adviser and a third party administrator.

 

The name, address, year of birth and principal occupations for the past five years of the Trustees and officers of the Funds are listed below, along with the number of portfolios in the Fund complex overseen by and the other directorships held by each Trustee.

 

INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES

 

Name,

Address*

& Year of Birth

Position(s)

Held with

Fund

Term of

Office** and

Length of

Time

Served

Principal

Occupation(s) During

Past 5 Years***

Number of

Funds in

Fund

Complex

Overseen

by Trustee

****

Other

Directorships

Held by

Trustee During Past 5

Years***

Mary K. Anstine,

1940

 

Trustee and Chairman Ms. Anstine was elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on March 21, 1997 and re-elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on August 7, 2009. Ms. Anstine was appointed Chairman of the Board at the June 6, 2017 meeting of the Board of Trustees. Ms. Anstine was formerly an Executive Vice President of First Interstate Bank of Denver until 1994, President/Chief Executive Officer of HealthONE Alliance, Denver, Colorado, from 1994 to 2004, and has been retired since 2004. Ms. Anstine is also Trustee/Director of AV Hunter Trust and Colorado Uplift Board. Ms. Anstine was formerly a Director of the Trust Bank of Colorado (later purchased and now known as Northern Trust Bank), HealthONE and Denver Area Council of the Boy Scouts of America, and a member of the American Bankers Association Trust Executive Committee. 33 Ms. Anstine is a Trustee of ALPS ETF Trust (20 funds); ALPS Variable Investment Trust (9 funds); Reaves Utility Income Fund (1 fund); and Segall Bryant & Hamill Trust (14 funds).

Jeremy W. Deems,

1976

 

Trustee Mr. Deems was appointed as a Trustee at the March 11, 2008 meeting of the Board of Trustees and elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on August 7, 2009. Mr. Deems is the Co-Founder, Chief Operations Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Green Alpha Advisors, LLC, a registered investment advisor, and Co-Portfolio Manager of the Shelton Green Alpha Fund. Prior to joining Green Alpha Advisors, Mr. Deems was CFO and Treasurer of Forward Management, LLC, ReFlow Management Co., LLC, ReFlow Fund, LLC, a private investment fund, and Sutton Place Management, LLC, an administrative services company, from 1998 to June 2007. From 2004 to 2005, Mr Deems also served as Treasurer of the Forward Funds and the Sierra Club Funds. 33 Mr. Deems is a Trustee of ALPS ETF Trust (20 funds); ALPS Variable Investment Trust (9 funds); Clough Funds Trust (1 fund); and Reaves Utility Income Fund (1 fund).

 

33 

 

Name,

Address*

& Year of Birth

Position(s)

Held with

Fund

Term of

Office** and

Length of

Time

Served

Principal

Occupation(s) During

Past 5 Years***

Number of

Funds in

Fund

Complex

Overseen

by Trustee

****

Other

Directorships

Held by

Trustee During Past 5

Years***

Jerry G. Rutledge, 

1944

 

Trustee Mr. Rutledge was elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on August 7, 2009. Mr. Rutledge is the President and owner of Rutledge’s Inc., a retail clothing business. Mr. Rutledge is currently Director of the American National Bank. He was from 1994 to 2007 a Regent of the University of Colorado. 33 Mr. Rutledge is a Trustee of Principal Real Estate Income Fund (1 fund); Clough Global Dividend and Income Fund (1 fund); Clough Global Equity Fund (1 fund); and Clough Global Opportunities Fund (1 fund).

Michael “Ross” Shell , 

1970

 

Trustee Mr. Shell was elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on August 7, 2009. Mr. Shell is Founder and CEO of Red Idea, LLC, a strategic consulting/early stage venture firm (since June 2008). From 1999 to 2009, he was a part-owner and Director of Tesser, Inc., a brand agency. From December 2005 to May 2008, he was Director, Marketing and Investor Relations, of Woodbourne, a REIT/real estate hedge fund and private equity firm. Prior to this, from May 2004 to November 2005, he worked as a business strategy consultant; from June 2003 to April 2004, he was on the Global Client Services team of IDEO, a product design/innovation firm; and from 1999 to 2003, he was President of Tesser, Inc. Mr. Shell graduated with honors from Stanford University with a degree in Political Science. 33 None.

 

34 

 

INTERESTED TRUSTEE

 

Name,

Address*

& Year of

Birth

Position(s)

Held with

Fund

Term of Office**

and Length of

Time Served

Principal

Occupation(s)

During Past 5

Years***

Number of

Funds in

Fund

Complex

Overseen

by

Trustee

****

Other

Directorships

Held by

Trustee During Past 5 Years***

Edmund J. Burke,

1961

 

Trustee and President Mr. Burke was elected as Trustee at a special meeting of shareholders held on August 7, 2009. Mr. Burke was elected President of the Trust at the December 17, 2002 meeting of the Board of Trustees. Mr. Burke is President and a Director of ALPS Holdings, Inc. (“AHI”) (since 2005) and ALPS Advisors, Inc. (“AAI”) and Director of Boston Financial Data Services, Inc. (“BFDS”), ALPS Distributors, Inc. (“ADI”), ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (“AFS”) and ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. (“APSD”). Because of his positions with AHI, BFDS, AAI, ADI, AFS and APSD, Mr. Burke is deemed an affiliate of the Trust as defined under the 1940 Act. 33 Mr. Burke is a Trustee of ALPS ETF Trust (20 funds); Clough Global Dividend and Income Fund (1 fund); Clough Global Equity Fund (1 fund); Clough Global Opportunities Fund (1 fund); Clough Funds Trust (1 fund); Liberty All-Star Equity Fund (1 fund); and Director of the Liberty All-Star Growth Fund, Inc. (1 fund).

 

OFFICERS

 

Name, Address* &

Year of Birth

Position(s)

Held with

Fund

Term of

Office** and

Length of

Time Served

Principal Occupation(s) During

Past 5 Years***

Kimberly R. Storms,

1972 

Treasurer Ms. Storms was elected Treasurer of the Trust at the March 12, 2013 meeting of the Board of Trustees. Ms. Storms is Senior Vice President - Director of Fund Administration of ALPS. Because of her position with ALPS, Ms. Storms is deemed an affiliate of the Trust as defined under the 1940 Act. Ms. Storms is also Treasurer of Liberty All-Star Equity Fund, Liberty All-Star Growth Fund, Inc., and ALPS Series Trust. Ms. Storms also serves as a Board member and Treasurer of The Center for Trauma & Resilience, a nonprofit agency.

Karen S. Gilomen,

1970

 

Secretary Ms. Gilomen was elected Secretary of the Trust at the December 13, 2016 meeting of the Board of Trustees. Ms. Gilomen joined ALPS in August 2016 as Vice President and Senior Counsel. Prior to joining ALPS, Ms. Gilomen was Vice President - General Counsel & CCO of Monticello Associates, Inc. from 2010 to 2016. Because of her position with ALPS, Ms. Gilomen is deemed an affiliate of the Trust, as defined under the 1940 Act. Ms. Gilomen is also the Secretary of Reaves Utility Income Fund, Clough Funds Trust, Clough Global Dividend and Income Fund, Clough Global Equity Fund, Clough Global Opportunities Fund and the Assistant Secretary of the WesMark Funds.

 

35 

 

Name, Address* &

Year of Birth

Position(s)

Held with

Fund

Term of

Office** and

Length of

Time Served

Principal Occupation(s) During

Past 5 Years***

Ted Uhl,

1974

Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”) Mr. Uhl was appointed CCO of the Trust at the June 8, 2010 meeting of the Board of Trustees.

Mr. Uhl joined ALPS in October 2006, and is currently Deputy Compliance Officer of ALPS. Prior to his current role, Mr. Uhl served as Senior Risk Manager for ALPS from October 2006 until June 2010. Before joining ALPS, Mr. Uhl served a Sr. Analyst with Enenbach and Associates (RIA), and a Sr. Financial Analyst at Sprint. Because of his position with ALPS, Mr. Uhl is deemed an affiliate of the Trust as defined under the 1940 Act. Mr. Uhl is also CCO of the Boulder Growth & Income Fund, Inc., Centre Funds, Index Funds, Reality Shares ETF Trust, Reaves Utility Income Fund and XAI Octagon Floating Rate & Alternative Income Term Trust. 

Jennell Panella,

1974

 

Assistant Treasurer Ms. Panella was elected Assistant Treasurer of the Trust at the September 15, 2015 meeting of the Board of Trustees Ms. Panella joined ALPS in June 2012 and is currently Fund Controller of ALPS Fund Services, Inc. Prior to joining ALPS, Ms. Panella served as Financial Reporting Manager for Parker Global Strategies, LLC (2009-2012). Because of her position with ALPS, Ms. Panella is deemed an affiliate of the Trust as defined under the 1940 Act. Ms. Panella also serves as Assistant Treasurer of James Advantage Funds.

Sharon Akselrod,

1974

 

Assistant Secretary Ms. Akselrod was elected Assistant Secretary of the Trust at the September 15, 2015 meeting of the Board of Trustees. Ms. Akselrod joined ALPS in August 2014 and is currently Senior Investment Company Act Paralegal of ALPS Fund Services, Inc. Prior to joining ALPS, Ms. Akselrod served as Corporate Governance and Regulatory Associate for Nordstrom fsb (2013-2014) and Senior Legal Assistant – Legal Manager for AXA Equitable Life Insurance Company (2008-2013). Because of her position with ALPS, Ms. Akselrod is deemed an affiliate of the Trust as defined under the 1940 Act. Ms. Akselrod is also Assistant Secretary of ALPS ETF Trust, Clough Funds Trust, Principal Real Estate Income Fund and ALPS Variable Investment Trust.

Jennifer Craig,

1973

 

Assistant Secretary

Ms. Craig was elected Assistant Secretary of the Trust at the June 8, 2016 meeting of the Board of Trustees.

 

Ms. Craig joined ALPS in 2007 and is currently Assistant Vice President and Paralegal Manager of ALPS. Prior to joining ALPS, Ms. Craig was Legal Manager at Janus Capital Management LLC and served as Assistant Secretary of Janus Investment Fund, Janus Adviser Series and Janus Aspen Series. Because of her position with ALPS, Ms. Craig is deemed an affiliate of the Trust as defined under the 1940 Act. Ms. Craig is also Assistant Secretary of Clough Global Dividend and Income Fund, Clough Global Equity Fund, Clough Global Opportunities Fund, Liberty All-Star Equity Fund and Liberty All-Star Growth Fund, Inc.

 

Sareena Khwaja-Dixon,

1980

 

Assistant Secretary

Ms. Khwaja-Dixon was elected Assistant Secretary of the Trust at the December 12, 2017 meeting of the Board of Trustees.

 

Ms. Khwaja-Dixon joined ALPS in August 2015 and is currently Senior Counsel and Vice President of ALPS Fund Services, Inc. Prior to joining ALPS, Ms. Khwaja-Dixon served as a Senior Paralegal/Paralegal for Russell Investments (2011 – 2015). Ms. Khwaja-Dixon is also Secretary of Liberty All-Star Equity Fund and Liberty All-Star Growth Fund, Inc., and Assistant Secretary of Clough Funds Trust, Clough Dividend and Income Fund, Clough Global Opportunities Fund, and Clough Global Equity Fund.

 

36 

 

 

*All communications to Trustees and Officers may be directed to Financial Investors Trust c/o 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, CO 80203.

**This is the period for which the Trustee or Officer began serving the Trust. Each Trustee serves an indefinite term, until such Trustees successor is elected and appointed, or such Trustee resigns or is deceased. Officers are elected on an annual basis.

***Except as otherwise indicated, each individual has held the office shown or other offices in the same company for the last five years.

**** The Fund Complex includes all series of the Trust (currently 33) and any other investment companies for which Vulcan Value Partners, LLC provides investment advisory services (currently none).

 

Additional Information About the Trustees’ Qualifications and Experience

 

The following is a brief discussion of the specific education, experience, qualifications, or skills that led to the conclusion, as of the date of this SAI, that each person identified below should serve as a Trustee for the Trust.

 

Mary K. Anstine

 

Ms. Anstine has been an Independent Trustee of the Trust since March 21, 1997 and Chairman since June 6, 2017. Currently retired, Ms. Anstine has over 30 years of financial services experience. Most recently, she was President and CEO of HealthONE Alliance, Denver, Colorado from 1994 through 2004. From 1964 to 1994, Ms. Anstine held positions leading up to Executive Vice President of First Interstate Bank. She was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on her business and financial services experience.

 

Jeremy W. Deems

 

Mr. Deems has been an Independent Trustee of the Trust since March 11, 2008. In 2007, Mr. Deems co-founded Green Alpha Advisors, LLC, a registered investment adviser, for which he currently serves as Chief Operations Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Prior to co-founding Green Alpha Advisors, Mr. Deems was CFO of Forward Management, LLC, investment advisor to the Forward Funds and Sierra Club Mutual Funds, where he was also co-portfolio manager to the Sierra Club Stock Fund. In addition, he was the CFO of ReFlow Management Co., LLC. Prior to joining Forward and ReFlow, he served as Regional Marketing Assistant within the Investment Consulting Services Group at Morgan Stanley Dean Witter. Mr. Deems received a B.S. and a MBA in finance from Saint Mary’s College of California and is a licensed Certified Public Accountant and a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. He was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on his business, financial services, accounting and investment management experience.

 

37 

 

Jerry G. Rutledge

 

Mr. Rutledge has been an Independent Trustee of the Trust since August 7, 2009. Mr. Rutledge is the President and owner of Rutledge’s Inc., an upscale men’s clothing store, which he opened in 1967. Mr. Rutledge has over 40 years of business experience. He served on the CU Board of Regents from 1995 to 2007 and currently serves on the Board of American National Bank. Mr. Rutledge is a graduate of the University of Colorado. He was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on his business experience.

 

Michael “Ross” Shell

 

Mr. Shell has been an Independent Trustee of the Trust since August 7, 2009. In 2008, Mr. Shell founded Red Idea, LLC, a strategic consulting/early stage venture firm, for which he currently serves as CEO. From 1999 to 2009, he was a part-owner and Director of Tesser, Inc., a brand agency, during which time he also served as Director, Marketing and Investor Relations, of Woodbourne, a REIT/real estate hedge fund and private equity firm. Prior to this, he worked as a business strategy consultant, he was on the Global Client Services team of IDEO, and he was President of Tesser, Inc. Mr. Shell graduated with honors from Stanford University with a degree in Political Science. He was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on his business, financial services and investment management experience.

 

Edmund J. Burke

 

Mr. Burke has been an Interested Trustee of the Trust since August 7, 2009. Mr. Burke joined ALPS Fund Services, Inc., the Funds’ administrator, in 1991 and currently serves as Director. He is also a Director of ALPS Holdings, Inc., ALPS Advisors, Inc., ALPS Distributors, Inc., the Funds’ principal underwriter, and ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. Mr. Burke has over 20 years of financial services and investment management experience. Before joining ALPS, Mr. Burke was a Regional Vice President for the Pioneer Funds in Boston and has also worked with Fidelity. Mr. Burke has a B.A. in Economics from the University of New Hampshire. He was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on his business, financial services and investment management experience.

 

Leadership Structure and Oversight Responsibilities

 

Overall responsibility for oversight of the Fund rests with the Trustees. The Trust has engaged the Adviser to manage the Fund on a day-to day basis. The Board is responsible for overseeing the Adviser and other service providers in the operations of the Fund in accordance with the provisions of the 1940 Act, applicable provisions of state and other laws and the Trust’s charter. The Board is currently composed of five members, four of whom are Independent Trustees. The Board meets at regularly scheduled quarterly meetings each year. In addition, the Board may hold special in-person or telephonic meetings or informal conference calls to discuss specific matters that may arise or require action between regular meetings. As described below, the Board has established a Nominating and Governance Committee and an Audit Committee, and may establish ad hoc committees or working groups from time to time, to assist the Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities. The Independent Trustees have also engaged independent legal counsel to assist them in performing their oversight responsibilities.

 

38 

 

The Board has appointed Mary K. Anstine, an Independent Trustee, to serve in the role of Chairman. The Chairman’s role is to preside at all meetings of the Board and to act as a liaison with the Adviser, other service providers, counsel and other Trustees generally between meetings. The Chairman may also perform such other functions as may be delegated by the Board from time to time. The Board reviews matters related to its leadership structure annually. The Board has determined that the Board’s leadership structure is appropriate given the Trust’s characteristics and circumstances. These characteristics include, but are not limited to, the Trust’s multiple series of fund shares, each fund’s single portfolio of assets, each fund’s net assets, the services provided by the funds’ service providers, the formal and informal functions of the various Independent Trustees both during and between Board meetings, the existence of the Trust for over 15 years and the long board service of some of the Independent Trustees, which in some cases date back to the inception of the Trust.

 

Risk oversight forms part of the Board’s general oversight of the Fund and is addressed as part of various Board and Committee activities. As part of its regular oversight of the Fund, the Board, directly or through a Committee, interacts with and reviews reports from, among others, Fund management, the Adviser, the Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer, the Fund’s legal counsel and the independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund regarding risks faced by the Fund. The Board, with the assistance of Fund management and the Adviser, reviews investment policies and risks in connection with its review of the Fund’s performance. The Board has appointed a Chief Compliance Officer who oversees the implementation and testing of the Fund’s compliance program and reports to the Board regarding compliance matters for the Fund and its principal service providers. In addition, as part of the Board’s periodic review of the Fund’s advisory and other service provider agreements, the Board may consider risk management aspects of these service providers’ operations and the functions for which they are responsible.

 

None of the Independent Trustees own securities in the Adviser or the Distributor, nor do they own securities in any entity directly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Adviser or the Distributor.

 

Audit Committee. The Board has an Audit Committee which considers such matters pertaining to the Trust’s books of account, financial records, internal accounting controls and changes in accounting principles or practices as the Trustees may from time to time determine. The Audit Committee also considers the engagement and compensation of the independent registered public accounting firm (“Firm”) and ensures receipt from the Firm of a formal written statement delineating relationships between the Firm and the Trust, consistent with Public Company Accounting Oversight Board Rule 3526. The Audit Committee also meets privately with the representatives of the Firm to review the scope and results of audits and other duties as set forth in the Audit Committee’s Charter. The Audit Committee members, each of whom are Independent Trustees are: Ms. Anstine and Messrs. Deems (Chairman), Rutledge and Shell. The Audit Committee met four times during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2018.

 

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee meets periodically to advise and assist the Board in selecting nominees to serve as trustees of the Trust. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee believes the Board generally benefits from diversity of background, experience and views among its members, and considers this a factor in evaluating the composition of the Board, but has not adopted any specific policy in this regard. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee also advises and assists the Board in establishing, implementing and executing policies, procedures and practices that assure orderly and effective governance of the Trust and effective and efficient management of all business and financial affairs of the Trust. Members of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee are currently: Ms. Anstine (Chairman) and Messrs. Deems, Rutledge and Shell. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of the Board met once during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2018.

 

39 

 

Shareholder Nominations. The Board will consider shareholder nominees for Trustees. All nominees must possess the appropriate characteristics, skills and experience for serving on the Board. In particular, the Board and its Independent Trustees will consider each nominee’s integrity, educational and professional background, understanding of the Trust’s business on a technical level and commitment to devote the time and attention necessary to fulfill a Trustee’s duties. All shareholders who wish to recommend nominees for consideration as Trustees shall submit the names and qualifications of the candidates to the Secretary of the Trust by writing to: Financial Investors Trust, 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado, 80203.

 

As of December 31, 2018, the dollar range of equity securities in the Funds beneficially owned by the Interested Trustee were as follows:

 

Interested Trustee

Dollar Range of Equity

Securities in the Funds

Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity

Securities in All Registered
Investment Companies Overseen by
Trustee in Family of Investment Companies

Edmund J. Burke None None

 

As of December 31, 2018, the dollar range of equity securities in the Funds beneficially owned by Independent Trustees were as follows:

 

Independent Trustees 

Dollar Range of Equity

Securities in the Funds

Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity

Securities in All Registered
Investment Companies Overseen by
Trustee in Family of Investment Companies

Mary K. Anstine    
Jeremy W. Deems    
Jerry G. Rutledge    
Michael “Ross” Shell    

 

 40

 

Remuneration of Trustees.

 

Effective July 1, 2018, the Independent Trustees will receive a quarterly retainer of $15,000, plus $6,000 for each regular or special in-person Board or Committee meeting attended, and $2,000 for each special telephonic Board or Committee meeting attended. The Chairman of the Board and the Chairman of the Audit Committee will also receive an additional quarterly retainer of $3,000. Previously, the Independent Trustees received a quarterly retainer of $12,000, plus $4,000 for each regular Board or Committee meeting attended, $1,000 for each special telephonic Board or Committee meeting attended and $2,000 for each special in-person Board meeting attended. The Chairman of the Board and the Chairman of the Audit Committee also received an additional quarterly retainer of $2,000. The Independent Trustees are also reimbursed for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses relating to attendance at meetings. For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2018, the Independent Trustees received the following compensation:

 

  Aggregate Compensation From the Trust Pension Or Retirement Benefits Accrued As Part of Fund Expenses Estimated Annual Benefits Upon Retirement Aggregate Compensation From The Trust And Fund Complex Paid To Trustees*
Mary K. Anstine $66,500 $0 $0 $66,500
Jeremy W. Deems $66,500 $0 $0 $66,500
Jerry G. Rutledge $60,500 $0 $0 $60,500
Michael “Ross” Shell $60,500 $0 $0 $60,500
* The Fund Complex includes all series of the Trust (currently 33) and any other investment companies for which any Trustee serves as trustee for and which Vulcan Value Partners provides investment advisory services (currently none).

 

No officer, trustee or employee of the Adviser or any of its affiliates receives any compensation from the Fund for serving as an officer or trustee of the Fund.

 

INVESTMENT MANAGER

 

Vulcan Value Partners, LLC (“Vulcan” or the “Adviser”), subject to the authority of the Board, is responsible for the overall management and administration of the Funds’ business affairs and is engaged to manage the investments of each of the Funds in accordance with its investment objective, policies and limitations and investment guidelines established by the Adviser and the Board. Formed in 2007, Vulcan managed approximately $12.3 billion in client assets at December 31, 2018 and is registered with the SEC as an investment adviser. The Adviser’s principal address is Three Protective Center, 2801 Highway 280 South, Suite 300, Birmingham, AL 35223.

 

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Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”), the Vulcan Value Partners Fund and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund pay the Adviser an annual management fee of 1.00% and 1.15%, respectively, based on the Fund’s average daily net assets. The management fee is paid on a monthly basis.

 

The initial term of the Advisory Agreement is two years. The Board may extend the Advisory Agreement for additional one-year terms. The Board, shareholders of the Funds or the Adviser may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon sixty (60) days’ notice. A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the Funds’ Advisory Agreement is provided in the Funds’ annual report to shareholders for the period ending April 30, 2018.

 

  For the Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2018 For the Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2017 For the Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2016
Vulcan Value Partners Fund
Gross Advisory Fees $13,287,056 $13,808,728 $16,695,200
Waiver of Advisory Fees $0 $0 $0
Reimbursement of other Expenses $0 $0 $0
Recoupment of waived fees $0 $0 $0
Net Advisory Fees $13,287,056 $13,808,728  
Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund
Gross Advisory Fees $13,769,170 $13,736,066 $12,451,815
Waiver of Advisory Fees $0 ($3,407) $0
Recoupment of waived fees $0 $88,403 $20,833
Reimbursement of other Expenses $59,895 $0 $0
Net Advisory Fees $13,769,170 $13,821,062 $12,472,648

 

As described in the Prospectus under “Fees and Expenses of Each Fund,” the Adviser has contractually agreed to limit certain of each Fund’s expenses until August 31, 2020.

 

The Adviser has contractually agreed to limit each Fund’s total annual fund operating expenses (exclusive of Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, brokerage expenses, interest expense, taxes and extraordinary expenses) with respect to Investor Class shares to 1.25% of such Fund’s average daily net assets. This agreement (the “Investor Class Shares Expense Agreement”) is in effect through August 31, 2020. The Adviser will be permitted to recapture expenses it has borne through the Investor Class Shares Expense Agreement to the extent that a Fund’s expenses in later periods fall below the annual rates set forth in the Investor Class Shares Expense Agreement or in previous letter agreements; provided, however, that such recapture payments do not cause the Fund’s expense ratio (after recapture) to exceed the lesser of (i) the expense cap in effect at the time of the waiver and (ii) the expense cap in effect at the time of the recapture. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Funds will not be obligated to pay any such deferred fees and expenses more than three years after the end of the date on which the fees or expenses were deferred. The Adviser may not discontinue or modify this waiver prior to August 31, 2020 without the approval by the Fund’s Board of Trustees. 

 

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In addition, the Advisor has contractually agreed to limit the Funds’ total annual fund operating expenses to 0.85% and 1.00% of the average daily net assets for the Institutional Share classes of the Vulcan Value Partners Fund and the Vulcan Value Small Cap Fund, respectively. This agreement (the “Institutional Share Class Expense Agreement”) is in effect through August 31, 2020. The Adviser will be permitted to recapture, on a class-by-class basis, expenses it has borne through the Institutional Share Class Expense Agreement to the extent that the Fund’s expenses in later periods fall below the annual rates set forth in the Institutional Share Class Expense Agreement or in previous letter agreements; provided, however, that such recapture payments do not cause the Fund’s expense ratio (after recapture) to exceed the lesser of (i) the expense cap in effect at the time of the waiver and (ii) the expense cap in effect at the time of the recapture. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund will not be obligated to pay any such deferred fees and expenses more than three years after the date on which the fees or expenses were deferred. The Adviser may not discontinue or modify this waiver prior to August 31, 2020 without the approval by the Fund’s Board of Trustees.

 

Under the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser shall not be liable for losses or damages incurred by a Fund, unless such losses or damages are attributable to the willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of the Adviser or from reckless disregard by it of its obligations and duties under the Advisory Agreement (“disabling conduct”). In addition, each Fund will indemnify the Adviser and its affiliates and hold each of them harmless against any losses or damages not resulting from disabling conduct.

 

ADMINISTRATOR

 

The Funds currently employ ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (an affiliate of ADI) (“ALPS” or the “Administrator”), located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203, under an administration agreement to provide certain administrative services to the Funds. Information on the services provided by the Administrator is available in the Prospectus, which is incorporated by reference in this SAI. 

 

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The table below shows the administrative fees earned by ALPS for the periods indicated:

 

  For the Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2018 For the Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2017 For the Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2016
Vulcan Value Partners Fund $373,320 $384,471 $457,897
Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund $337,410 $334,210 $298,485

 

DISTRIBUTOR

 

Shares of each Fund are offered on a continuous basis through ALPS Distributors, Inc. (an affiliate of ALPS) (“ADI” or the “Distributor”), located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203, as distributor of the Funds pursuant to a distribution agreement between the Distributor and the Trust on behalf of each Fund. The Distributor is not obligated to sell any specific amount of Fund shares. During the period ended April 30, 2018, the Distributor did not receive any commissions or other compensation.

 

CODE OF ETHICS

 

The Funds, the Adviser and the Distributor each have adopted a code of ethics under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act. These codes of ethics permit the personnel of these entities to invest in securities, including securities that the Funds may purchase or hold. The codes of ethics are on public file with, and are available from, the SEC.

 

PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

 

Although individual Board members may not agree with particular policies or votes by the Adviser, the Board has approved delegating proxy voting discretion to the Adviser believing that the Adviser should be responsible for voting because it is a matter relating to the investment decision making process.

 

Attached as Appendix B is the summary of the guidelines and procedures that the Adviser uses to determine how to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities, including the procedures that the Adviser uses when a vote presents a conflict between the interests of Fund shareholders, on the one hand, and those of the Adviser or any affiliated person of a Fund or the Adviser, on the other. This summary of the guidelines gives a general indication as to how the Adviser will vote proxies relating to portfolio securities on each issue listed. However, the guidelines do not address all potential voting issues or the intricacies that may surround individual proxy votes. For that reason, there may be instances in which votes may vary from the guidelines presented. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Adviser always endeavors to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities in accordance with a Fund’s investment objectives. When applicable, information on how each Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent prior 12-month period ended June 30 will be available without charge, (1) upon request, by calling 877.421.5078 and (2) on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. 

 

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Control Persons, Principal Shareholders and Management Ownership

 

To the best knowledge of the Trust, the names and addresses of the record and beneficial holders of 5% or more of the outstanding shares of a Fund and the percentage of the outstanding shares held by such holders are set forth below. To the best knowledge of the Trust, entities shown as owning more than 25% of the outstanding Shares of a Fund are not the beneficial owners of such Shares, unless otherwise indicated.

 

A shareholder who owns beneficially 25% or more of the outstanding securities of a Fund is presumed to “control” a Fund as defined in the 1940 Act. Such control may affect the voting rights of other shareholders. The following table provides the name and address of any person who owns of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of each Fund as of _____________, 2019:

 

Fund Shareholder Name and Address Percentage of Interest Type of Ownership
Investor Class      
Vulcan Value Partners      
Vulcan Value Partners      
Vulcan Value Partners      
Vulcan Value Partners      
Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund      
Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund      
Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund      

 

Because Institutional Class shares are new as of the date of this SAI, there were no principal shareholders or control persons of Institutional Class shares of each Fund.

 

The Trustees and Officers of the Trust as a group owned less than 1% of any Fund’s shares.  

 

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EXPENSES

 

Each Fund’s expenses include taxes, interest, fees and salaries of such Fund Trustees and officers who are not trustees, officers or employees of the Fund’s service contractors, SEC fees, state securities qualification fees, costs of preparing and printing prospectuses for regulatory purposes and for distribution to existing shareholders, advisory and administration fees, charges of the custodian and of the transfer and dividend disbursing agent, certain insurance premiums, outside auditing and legal expenses, costs of shareholder reports and shareholder meetings and any extraordinary expenses. Each Fund also pays for brokerage fees and commissions (if any) in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio securities.

 

PORTFOLIO MANAGER

 

The following sections set forth certain additional information with respect to the portfolio manager for each Fund. Unless noted otherwise, all information is provided as of April 30, 2018.

 

Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Manager

 

The table below identifies as of [               ], for the portfolio manager of each Fund, the number of accounts (other than the Funds with respect to which information is provided) for which he has day-to-day management responsibilities and the total assets in such accounts, within each of the following categories: registered investment companies, other pooled investment vehicles, and other accounts.

 

 

Registered Investment

Companies

Other Pooled Investment

Vehicles

Other Accounts
Portfolio Manager Number Total Assets Number Total Assets Number Total Assets
    (in millions)   (in millions)    (in millions)
C.T. Fitzpatrick            

 

Portfolio Manager Compensation

 

Mr. Fitzpatrick is the majority equity owner of the Adviser and is entitled to receive distributions from the Adviser if and when made to the equity owners of the Adviser, pro rata in proportion to his equity interest. He does not receive a base salary and is not anticipated to receive a bonus.

 

Ownership of Securities

 

The table below identifies ownership of Fund securities by the Portfolio Manager as of April 30, 2018. 

 

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FUND

DOLLAR RANGE OF

OWNERSHIP OF

SECURITIES

Vulcan Value Partners Fund $500, 001 - $1,000,000
Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund $100,001 - $500,000

 

Potential Conflicts of Interest

 

Potential conflicts of interest may arise when a Fund’s portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to one or more other funds or other accounts, as is the case for the portfolio manager listed in the table above.

 

The Adviser and the Funds have adopted compliance policies and procedures that are designed to address various conflicts of interest that may arise for the Adviser and the individuals that it employs. For example, the Adviser may seek to minimize the effects of competing interests for the time and attention of portfolio managers by assigning portfolio managers to manage funds and accounts that share a similar investment style. The Adviser has also adopted trade allocation procedures that are designed to facilitate the fair allocation of limited investment opportunities among multiple funds and accounts. There is no guarantee, however, that the policies and procedures adopted by the Adviser and the Funds will be able to detect and/or prevent every situation in which an actual or potential conflict may appear.

 

These potential conflicts include:

 

Allocation of Limited Time and Attention. A portfolio manager who is responsible for managing multiple funds and/or accounts may devote unequal time and attention to the management of those funds and/or accounts. As a result, the portfolio manager may not be able to formulate as complete a strategy or identify equally attractive investment opportunities for each of those accounts as might be the case if he or she were to devote substantially more attention to the management of a single fund. The effects of this potential conflict may be more pronounced where funds and/or accounts overseen by a particular portfolio manager have different investment strategies.

 

Allocation of Limited Investment Opportunities. If a portfolio manager identifies a limited investment opportunity that may be suitable for multiple funds and/or accounts, the opportunity may be allocated among these several funds or accounts, which may limit a fund’s ability to take full advantage of the investment opportunity.

 

Pursuit of Differing Strategies. At times, a portfolio manager may determine that an investment opportunity may be appropriate for only some of the funds and/or accounts for which he or she exercises investment responsibility, or may decide that certain of the funds and/or accounts should take differing positions with respect to a particular security. In these cases, the portfolio manager may place separate transactions for one or more funds or accounts which may affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment or benefit of one or more other funds and/or accounts.

 

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Selection of Brokers/Dealers. Portfolio managers may be able to select or influence the selection of the brokers and dealers that are used to execute securities transactions for the funds and/or account that they supervise. In addition to executing trades, some brokers and dealers provide portfolio managers with brokerage and research services (as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the 1934 Act), which may result in the payment of higher brokerage fees than might have otherwise been available. These services may be more beneficial to certain funds or accounts than to others. Although the payment of brokerage commissions is subject to the requirement that the portfolio manager determine in good faith that the commissions are reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided to the fund, a portfolio manager’s decision as to the selection of brokers and dealers could yield disproportionate costs and benefits among the funds and/or accounts that he or she manages.

 

Variation in Compensation. A conflict of interest may arise where the financial or other benefits available to the portfolio manager differ among the funds and/or accounts that he or she manages. If the structure of the investment adviser’s management fee and/or the portfolio manager’s compensation differs among funds and/or accounts (such as where certain funds or accounts pay higher management fees or performance-based management fees), the portfolio manager might be motivated to help certain funds and/or accounts over others. The portfolio manager might be motivated to favor funds and/or accounts in which he or she has an interest or in which the investment adviser and/or its affiliates have interests. Similarly, the desire to maintain or raise assets under management or to enhance the portfolio manager’s performance record or to derive other rewards, financial or otherwise, could influence the portfolio manager to lend preferential treatment to those funds and/or accounts that could most significantly benefit the portfolio manager.

 

Related Business Opportunities. The Adviser or its affiliates may provide more services (such as distribution or recordkeeping) for some types of funds or accounts than for others. In such cases, a portfolio manager may benefit, either directly or indirectly, by devoting disproportionate attention to the management of funds and/or accounts that provide greater overall returns to the Adviser and its affiliates.

 

The Adviser and the Funds have adopted compliance policies and procedures that are designed to address various conflicts of interest that may arise for the Adviser and the individuals that it employs. For example, the Adviser seeks to minimize the effects of competing interests for the time and attention of portfolio managers by assigning portfolio managers to manage funds and accounts that share a similar investment style. The Adviser has also adopted trade allocation procedures that are designed to facilitate the fair allocation of limited investment opportunities among multiple funds and accounts. There is no guarantee, however, that the policies and procedures adopted by the Adviser and the Funds will be able to detect and/or prevent every situation in which an actual or potential conflict may appear. 

 

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NET ASSET VALUE

 

The following is a description of the procedures used by each Fund in valuing its assets. For the purpose of pricing purchase and redemption orders, the net asset value per share of each Fund is calculated separately and is determined once daily as of the close of regularly scheduled trading on the NYSE (normally, 4:00 p.m. Eastern time). Each Fund’s net asset value is calculated on each day that the NYSE is open for trading, i.e., Monday through Friday, except for New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day, and the preceding Friday or subsequent Monday when one of those holidays falls on a Saturday or Sunday, respectively.

 

In calculating net asset value, equity securities listed or traded on national securities exchanges are valued at the last sale price or, if there have been no sales on that day, at the mean of the current bid and ask price which represents the current value of the security. OTC securities are valued at the mean of the current bid and ask price.

 

Portfolio securities listed on the NASDAQ National Market System for which market quotations are available are valued at the official closing price. If there is no official closing price, the securities are valued at the last sale price or, if there have been no sales that day, at the mean of the current bid and ask price which represents the current value of the security.

 

Securities that are primarily traded on foreign exchanges generally are valued at the preceding closing values of such securities on their respective exchanges, except that when an occurrence subsequent to the time a value was so established is likely to have changed such value, then the fair value of those securities will be determined by consideration of other factors by or under the direction of the Board or its delegates. In valuing assets, prices denominated in foreign currencies are converted to U.S. dollar equivalents at the current exchange rate. Securities may be valued by independent pricing services which use prices provided by market-makers or estimates of market values obtained from yield data relating to instruments or securities with similar characteristics. In certain circumstances, bid and ask prices may be obtained from (i) a broker/dealer specified and deemed reliable by the Adviser, (ii) pink sheets, yellow sheets or the blue list, or (iii) a pricing agent that obtains quotations from broker/dealers or evaluates the value of the respective bid and ask prices. All other securities and other assets of a Fund will be valued at fair value as determined in good faith pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board.

 

TAXES

 

This section provides additional information concerning U.S. federal income taxes. It is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), applicable Treasury Regulations, judicial authority, and the administrative rulings and practice, all as of the date of this SAI, and all of which are subject to change, including changes with retroactive effect. The following does not address any state, local or foreign or estate or gift tax matters.

 

A shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax consequences from acquiring, holding and disposing of shares in a Fund may vary depending upon his or her particular situation. This discussion only applies to shareholders who are U.S. persons, except where otherwise stated. For purposes of this discussion, U.S. persons are: (i) U.S. citizens or residents, (ii) U.S. corporations, (iii) an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source, or (iv) a trust, if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions, or certain electing trusts that were in existence on August 20, 1996, and were treated as domestic trusts on August 19, 1996.

 

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This discussion does not address issues of significance to U.S. persons in special situations such as: (i) certain types of tax-exempt organizations, (ii) shareholders holding shares through tax-advantaged accounts (such as 401(k) plan accounts or individual retirement accounts), (iii) shareholders holding investments through foreign institutions (financial and non-financial), (iv) financial institutions, (v) broker-dealers, (vi) entities not organized under the laws of the United States or a political subdivision thereof, (vii) shareholders holding shares as part of a hedge, straddle or conversion transaction, and (viii) shareholders who are subject to the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax.

 

If a partnership (including for this purpose any entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) is a beneficial owner of shares, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. Partners of partnerships that are considering the purchase of shares should consult their own tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of shares.

 

The Trust has not requested and will not request an advance ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) as to the U.S. federal income tax matters described below. The IRS could adopt positions contrary to those discussed below and such positions could be sustained. In addition, the foregoing discussion only addresses some of the U.S. federal income tax considerations generally affecting investments in the Funds. Prospective shareholders are urged to consult with their own tax advisers as to the particular U.S. federal tax consequences to them of an investment in the Funds, as well as the applicability and effect of any state, local or foreign laws, and the effect of possible changes in applicable tax laws.

 

General Policies

 

In general, it is each Fund’s policy to distribute to its shareholders as “ordinary income dividends” substantially all of its net investment income and short-term capital gains. It is also each Fund’s policy to distribute annually all of its net realized long-term capital gains, if any, after offsetting any capital loss carryovers as “capital gains dividends.”

 

Ordinary income dividends and capital gain distributions are payable in full and fractional shares of the relevant class of each Fund based upon the net asset value determined as of the close of the Exchange on the record date for each dividend or distribution. Shareholders, however, may elect to receive their ordinary income dividends or capital gain dividends, or both, in cash. The election may be made at any time by submitting a written request directly to the applicable Fund. In order for a change to be in effect for any dividend or distribution, it must be received by such Fund on or before the record date for such dividend or distribution.

 

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If you elect to receive your dividends in cash and the dividend checks sent to you are returned “undeliverable” to the applicable Fund or remain uncashed for six months, your cash election will automatically be changed and your future dividends will be reinvested. No interest will accrue on amounts represented by uncashed dividend or redemption checks.

 

Detailed U.S. federal tax information will be furnished to each shareholder for each calendar year as required by federal law.

 

Taxation of the Funds

 

Each Fund intends to elect to be treated and qualify each year as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code. Each Fund also intends to be treated as a separate entity for federal income tax purposes. Thus, the provisions of the Code applicable to regulated investment companies generally will apply separately to each Fund even though each Fund is a series of the Trust. Furthermore, each Fund will separately determine its income, gain, losses and expenses for federal income tax purposes.

 

In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded regulated investment companies and their shareholders, a Fund must, among other things: (i) derive at least 90% of its gross income in each taxable year from dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies and net income derived from interests in “qualified publicly traded partnerships;” (ii) diversify its holdings so that at the end of each fiscal quarter, (a) at least 50% of the value of its total assets consists of cash and cash items (including receivables), U.S. government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities limited generally, with respect to any one issuer, to no more than 5% of the value of such Fund’s total assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (b) not more than 25% of the value of such Fund’s total assets is invested in (1) the securities (other than those of the U.S. government or other regulated investment companies) of any one issuer, (2) the securities (other than the securities of other regulated investment companies) of two or more issuers which such Fund controls and which are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses, or (3) in the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships and (iii) distribute with respect to each taxable year an amount equal to or exceeding the sum of (a) 90% of its “investment company taxable income,” as that term is defined in the Code (which generally includes, among other things, dividends, taxable interest, and the excess of any net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses, as reduced by certain deductible expenses) without regard to the deduction for dividends paid, and (b) 90% of its tax-exempt interest income, net of expenses allocable thereto. For purposes of meeting the diversification requirement described in (ii) above, in the case of a Fund’s investment in loan participations, the issuer may be the financial intermediary or the borrower. The requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company may significantly limit the extent to which each Fund may invest in some investments.

 

With respect to (i) above, the IRS may limit qualifying income from foreign currency gains to the amount of such currency gains that are directly related to a regulated investment company’s principal business of investing in stock or securities pursuant to regulations that may be promulgated in the future. For purposes of the 90% gross income requirement described in (i) above, income derived from a partnership will generally be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership which would be qualifying income if realized by the regulated investment company. However, 100% of the net income derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership” (defined as a partnership (x) interests in which are traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof and (y) that derives less than 90% of its income from the qualifying income described in (i) above) will be treated as qualifying income. In addition, although in general the passive activity loss rules of the Code do not apply to regulated investment companies, such rules do apply to a regulated investment company with respect to items attributable to an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership. Finally, for purposes of (ii)(a) above, the term “outstanding voting securities of such issuer” will include the equity securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership.

 

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To the extent that it qualifies for treatment as a regulated investment company, a Fund will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on income distributed to its shareholders in a timely manner in the form of dividends (including capital gain dividends, defined below). In certain situations, a Fund can cure failures to meet the income and diversification tests described above, including, in some cases, by paying a Fund-level tax and, in the case of diversification failures, disposing of certain assets. If a Fund were to fail to qualify as a regulated investment company accorded special tax treatment in any taxable year – for example, because it was not sufficiently diversified under the applicable Code tests – such Fund would be subject to tax on its taxable income at corporate rates, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including any distributions of net tax-exempt income and net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. To qualify again to be taxed as a regulated investment company that is accorded special treatment in a subsequent year, such a Fund could be required to pay substantial taxes, penalties and interest and make substantial distributions. In addition, if a Fund fails to qualify as a regulated investment company for a period greater than two taxable years, such a Fund may be required to recognize and pay tax on any net built-in gain (the excess of aggregate gain, including items of income, over aggregate loss that would have been realized if the affected Fund had been liquidated) or, alternatively, to be subject to taxation on such built-in gain recognized for a period of five years, in order to qualify as a regulated investment company in a subsequent year.

 

As a regulated investment company, each Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its net capital gains (that, is any net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses) properly reported by a Fund in a written statement to shareholders as capital gain dividends (“capital gain dividends”) and its investment company taxable income if any, that a Fund distributes to shareholders on a timely basis. Each Fund intends to distribute substantially all of its investment company taxable income and net capital gains, after offsetting any capital loss carryforwards. If a Fund does retain any investment company taxable income, it will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained. However, a Fund may elect to have certain distributions paid after the close of a tax year treated as having been paid during the tax year for purposes of the regulated investment company distribution requirements and for purposes of determining its taxable income (“spill-over dividends”). Spill-over dividends are taxed to shareholders in the year in which they are received.

 

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Under current law, a Fund is permitted to treat on its tax return as dividends paid the portion of redemption proceeds paid to redeeming shareholders that represents the redeeming shareholders’ portion of the Fund’s accumulated earnings and profits. This practice, called tax “equalization,” would reduce the amount of income and/or gains that a Fund is required to distribute as dividends to non-redeeming shareholders. This practice is not available for a Fund that is treated as a “personal holding company” for federal income tax purposes. The total return on a shareholder’s investment would generally not be reduced as a result of a Fund’s use of this practice. If the IRS were to determine that a Fund’s equalization method is improper and that the Fund has under-distributed its income and gain for any taxable year, the Fund may be liable for federal income and/or excise tax.

 

If a Fund retains any net capital gain, it will also be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained, but may designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who (i) will be required to include in income for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their shares of such undistributed amount, (ii) will be entitled to credit their proportionate shares of the tax paid by such a Fund on such undistributed amount against their U.S. federal income tax liabilities, if any, and (iii) will be entitled to obtain a refund of the excess, if any, of their allocable share of the tax paid by the Fund on such undistributed amount over the shareholder’s tax liability on such amount. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of such a Fund will be increased by an amount equal to the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholder’s income and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder under clause (ii) of the preceding sentence.

 

Generally, the excess (if any) of a Fund’s net short-term capital loss over the net long-term capital gain for a taxable year will carry over as a short-term capital loss arising on the first day of the next tax year. In addition, the excess (if any) of a Fund’s net long-term capital loss over the net short-term capital gain for the year will carry over as a long-term capital loss arising on the first day of the next tax year. Unused capital losses realized by a Fund in taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010 may be carried forward indefinitely until they can be used to offset capital gains.

 

If future capital gains are offset by carried-forward capital losses, such future capital gains are not subject to Fund-level federal income tax, regardless of whether they are distributed to shareholders. However, future capital gains offset by carried-forward capital losses are generally subject to taxation as ordinary dividends to shareholders if distributed. Accordingly, the Funds do not expect to distribute any capital gains offset by carried-forward capital losses. The Funds cannot carry back or carry forward any net operating losses.

 

A regulated investment company may elect to treat all or any post-October capital loss (defined as the company’s net capital loss, net long-term capital loss, or net short-term capital loss, as applicable, in each case attributable to the portion of the taxable year after October 31) and late-year ordinary loss (generally, (i) net ordinary losses from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of property, attributable to the portion of the taxable year after October 31, plus (ii) other net ordinary losses attributable to the portion of the taxable year after December 31) as if incurred in the succeeding taxable year.

 

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If a Fund fails to distribute in a calendar year at least an amount equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary income for such year and 98.2% of its net capital gain income for the one year period ending on October 31 of such year, plus any retained amount for any prior year, such a Fund will be subject to a non-deductible excise tax on the undistributed amounts. For these purposes, ordinary gains and losses from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of property that would be properly taken into account after October 31 are treated as arising on January 1 of the following calendar year. For purposes of the excise tax, a Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to corporate income tax in the taxable year ending within the calendar year. A dividend paid to shareholders in January of a year generally is deemed to have been paid on December 31 of the preceding year, if the dividend is declared and payable to the shareholders of record on a date in October, November or December of that preceding year.

 

Each Fund intends to make distributions sufficient to avoid imposition of the excise tax, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so. Moreover, each Fund reserves the right to pay an excise tax rather than make an additional distribution when circumstances warrant (for example, the amount of excise tax to be paid is deemed de minimis by a Fund).

 

Taxation of Fund Distributions

 

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, distributions of investment company taxable income are generally taxable as ordinary income to the extent of a Fund’s current or accumulated “earnings and profits.” Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long a Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares. Distributions of net capital gains from the sale of investments that a Fund owned for more than one year and that are properly designated by such Fund as capital gain dividends (i.e., “capital gain dividends”) will be taxable to Fund shareholders as long-term capital gains. Generally, distributions of gains from the sale of investments that a Fund owned for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income. A Fund may designate certain dividends as derived from “qualified dividend income,” which, when received by an individual or other non-corporate shareholder, will be taxed at a maximum federal income tax rate applicable to long-term capital gain, which (for this purpose) is 20%, in addition to the 3.8% surcharge on net investment income, described under “Surtax on Net Investment Income,” below. Dividend income distributed to individual or other non-corporate shareholders will qualify as “qualified dividend income” as that term is defined in section 1(h)(11)(B) of the Code to the extent such distributions are attributable to income from the applicable Fund’s investments in common and preferred stock of U.S. companies and stock of certain qualified foreign corporations provided that certain holding period and other requirements are met by both such Fund and its shareholders. Neither Fund expects a significant portion of distributions to be derived from qualified dividend income.

 

Distributions of earnings and gains are taxable to shareholders even if they are paid from income or gains earned by a Fund before a shareholder invested in that Fund (and thus were included in the price the shareholder paid) and whether shareholders receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares (other than distributions, if any, designated by the Fund as “exempt-interest dividends,” a designation which the Funds generally do not expect to make). Any gain resulting from the sale or exchange of Fund shares generally will be taxable as capital gains. Distributions declared and payable by a Fund during October, November or December to shareholders of record on a date in any such month and paid by the Fund during the following January will be treated for U.S. federal tax purposes as paid by the Fund and received by shareholders on December 31st of the year in which declared rather than the calendar year in which they were received.

 

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The maximum long-term capital gain rate applicable to individuals generally is 20%, in addition to the 3.8% surcharge on net investment income, described under “Surtax on Net Investment Income,” below. Capital gains are also subject to the 3.8% surtax on net investment income. See “Surtax on Net Investment Income,” below.

 

Dividends received by corporate shareholders that are reported by a Fund in a written statement furnished to shareholders may qualify for the 50% dividends received deduction to the extent of the amount of qualifying dividends received by a Fund from domestic corporations and to the extent (if any) a portion of interest paid or accrued on certain high yield discount obligations owned by the Fund are treated as dividends.

 

If a Fund makes a distribution in excess of its current and accumulated “earnings and profits” in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of a shareholder’s tax basis in his or her shares, and thereafter as capital gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces a shareholder’s basis in his or her shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of such shares.

 

Sale or Redemption of Shares

 

The sale or redemption of Fund shares may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of Fund shares will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than 12 months. Otherwise, the gain or loss on the taxable disposition of Fund shares will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of any long-term capital gain distributions received (or deemed received) by the shareholder with respect to the shares. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitation.

 

All or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of Fund shares will be disallowed if other substantially identical shares of such Fund are purchased within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.

 

Special Tax Considerations

 

The following discussion relates to the particular U.S. federal income tax consequences of the investment policies of the Funds.

 

Passive Foreign Investment Companies

 

Funds that invest in non-U.S. securities may own shares in certain foreign investment entities, referred to as “passive foreign investment companies” (“PFICs”). In order to avoid U.S. federal income tax and an additional charge on any “excess distribution” from PFICs or gain from the disposition of PFIC shares, a Fund may elect to “mark-to-market” annually its investments in such entities, which will result in such Fund being treated as if it had sold and repurchased all the PFIC stock at the end of each year. As a result of a mark-to-market election, an electing Fund would report any such gains as ordinary income and would deduct such losses as ordinary losses to the extent of previously recognized gains. By making the mark-to-market election, an electing Fund could potentially mitigate the adverse tax consequences with respect to its ownership of shares in a PFIC, but in any particular year it may be required to recognize income in excess of the distributions it receives from PFICs and its proceeds from dispositions of PFIC stock. An electing Fund may have to distribute this “phantom” income and gain to satisfy the distribution requirement and to avoid imposition of the excise tax described above. Alternatively, a Fund may elect to treat the PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” (a “QEF election”), in which case the Fund would be required to include its share of the company’s income and net capital gains annually, regardless of whether it receives distributions from the PFIC. As with the mark-to-market election, these amounts would be taken into account by an electing Fund for purposes of satisfying the distribution requirement and the excise tax distribution requirement. Under proposed Treasury Regulations, earnings included in income under a QEF election would not be qualifying income for a RIC unless such earnings are distributed in the taxable year in which they are earned. In order to make a QEF election, a Fund would be required to obtain certain annual information from the PFICs in which it invests, which may be difficult or impossible to obtain. Dividends paid by PFICs or foreign corporations that were PFICs in the year preceding the payment of the dividend will not be eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income.

 

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Non-U.S. Taxes

 

Each Fund that invests in non-U.S. securities may be liable to non-U.S. governments for taxes relating primarily to investment income or capital gains on non-U.S. securities in such Fund’s portfolio. If at the close of its taxable year more than 50% of the value of a Fund’s total assets consists of securities of foreign corporations (including foreign governments), such Fund may make an election under the Code that would allow Fund shareholders who are U.S. persons or U.S. corporations to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction (but not both) on their U.S. income tax return for their pro rata portion of qualified taxes paid by that Fund to non-U.S. countries in respect of non-U.S. securities held at least a minimum period as specified in the Code. If a Fund were eligible for and were to make the election, the amount of each shareholder’s distribution reported on the information returns filed by such Fund with the IRS must be increased by the amount of the shareholder’s portion of such Fund’s foreign tax paid. A shareholder’s ability to claim all or a part of a foreign tax credit or deduction in respect of non-U.S. taxes paid by a Fund would also be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code.

 

If a Fund were to qualify as a “qualified fund of funds,” the Fund could be entitled to elect to pass-through its foreign tax credits without regard to the above described 50% requirement. For this purpose, the term “qualified fund of funds” means a regulated investment company if (at the close of each quarter of the taxable year) at least 50% of the value of its total assets is represented by interests in other regulated investment companies. The Funds make no assurances as to either the availability of any election discussed in this section or their willingness to make any such election.

 

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Non-U.S. Currency Transactions

 

Transactions in non-U.S. currencies, non-U.S.-currency denominated debt obligations and certain non-U.S. currency options, future contracts, and forward contracts (and similar instruments) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the non-U.S. currency concerned and may increase the amount and affect the timing and character of taxes payable by shareholders. Certain of a Fund’s transactions, if any, in foreign currencies and foreign currency denominated instruments are likely to result in a difference between the Fund’s book income and taxable income. This difference may cause a portion of such Fund’s income distributions to constitute a return of capital or capital gain for tax purposes or require the Fund to make distributions exceeding book income to avoid excise tax liability and to qualify as a regulated investment company, which may have the effect of accelerating taxable distributions to shareholders of the Fund.

 

Financial Products

 

Each Fund’s investments in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts, swaps and certain other transactions will be subject to special tax rules (including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale, short sale and other rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income recognized by such Fund, defer such Fund’s losses, cause adjustments in the holding periods of such Fund’s securities, convert capital gain into ordinary income and convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character distributions to Fund shareholders.

 

Some of a Fund’s investments, such as certain option transactions as well as futures transactions in foreign currency contracts that are traded in the interbank market, may be “section 1256 contracts.” Gains and losses on section 1256 contracts are generally treated as 60% long-term capital and 40% short-term capital, although certain foreign currency gains and losses from such contracts may be treated as entirely ordinary in character. Section 1256 contracts held by a Fund at the end of a taxable year are “marked to market” for income tax purposes, meaning that unrealized gains or losses are treated as though they were realized (and treated on the 60/40 basis described above).

 

Certain positions undertaken by a Fund may constitute “straddles” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The straddle rules may affect the character of gains or losses realized by such Fund. Losses realized by a Fund that are part of a straddle may be deferred beyond the point in time that they are realized. The straddle rules, if applicable, could increase the amount of short-term capital gain realized by a Fund, which is taxed as ordinary income when distributed to shareholders. Certain tax elections that a Fund may make with respect to straddles could affect the character and timing of recognition of gains and losses.

 

A Fund may make short sales of securities. Short sales may increase the amount of short-term capital gains realized by the Fund, which is taxed as ordinary income to the shareholders when distributed. Short sales may also constitute part of “constructive sales,” which would result in taxable income before the short-sale positions are terminated.

 

Certain of the Funds’ hedging activities including their transactions in options and foreign currencies, are likely to result in a difference between a Fund’s book income and taxable income. This difference may cause a portion of a Fund’s income distributions to constitute a return of capital or capital gain for tax purposes or require a Fund to make distributions exceeding book income to avoid excise tax liability and to qualify as a regulated investment company, which may have the effect of accelerating taxable distributions to shareholders.

 

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Rules governing the tax aspects of notional principal contracts in which a Fund may invest are not clear in various respects. As a result, the IRS could challenge a Fund’s methods of accounting for U.S. federal income tax purposes for such contracts, and such a challenge could affect the status of such Fund as a regulated investment company.

 

Certain of a Fund’s hedging activities including its transactions in options, futures contracts and foreign currencies, are likely to result in a difference between such Fund’s book income and taxable income. This difference may cause a portion of a Fund’s income distributions to constitute a return of capital or capital gain for tax purposes or require such Fund to make distributions exceeding book income to avoid excise tax liability and to qualify as a regulated investment company, which may have the effect of accelerating taxable distributions to shareholders.

 

Securities Issued or Purchased at a Discount

 

A Fund’s investment in debt obligations issued at a discount and certain other obligations will (and investments in debt obligations purchased at a discount may) require that Fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received (and which may never be received). In addition, payment-in-kind securities will give rise to income which is required to be distributed even though such Fund does not receive an interest payment in cash on the security during the year. In order to generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, an affected Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio that it otherwise would have continued to hold. An affected Fund may realize gains or losses from such sales. In the event such Fund realizes net capital gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution than they would in the absence of such transactions.

 

Some debt obligations that are acquired by a Fund in the secondary market may be treated as having market discount. “Market discount” is generally the excess of the stated redemption price of the bond at maturity over the basis of the bond immediately after its acquisition by the taxpayer. Generally, any gain recognized on the receipt of principal payments or on the disposition of a debt security having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain does not exceed the “accrued market discount” on such debt security. Market discount generally accrues in equal daily installments. Each Fund may make certain elections applicable to debt obligations having market discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income for U.S. federal income tax purposes. When recognized, market discount is taxable as ordinary income even if interest on the debt obligation in question is tax exempt.

 

For financial accounting purposes, depending upon the type of instrument involved and its credit quality, both original issue discount and market discount may be recognized over the expected or contractual life of the instrument. The 2017 Tax Act requires accrual-method taxpayers to recognize items of gross income for tax purposes in the year in which the taxpayer recognizes the income for financial accounting purposes. The IRS has said that it will not apply this provision to require the recognition of accrued market discount. However, it is possible that the 2017 Tax Act will accelerate the recognition by a Fund of original issue discount for income tax purposes.

 

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High-Risk Securities

 

Each Fund may invest in debt obligations that are in the lowest rating categories or are unrated. Investments in debt obligations that are at risk of or in default present special tax issues for a Fund. The application of the U.S. federal income tax rules with respect to these types of investments is complicated and will depend upon the application of the law to facts that may be unclear, which may result in uncertainty about the U.S. federal income tax treatment of these investments (e.g., such as when a Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts, or worthless securities and how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income). These and other related issues will be addressed by a Fund if it invests in such securities in order to seek to ensure that such Fund distributes sufficient income to avoid becoming subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.

 

Real Estate Investment Trusts

 

A Fund’s investments in REIT equity securities, if any, may result in such Fund’s receipt of cash in excess of the REIT’s earnings. If a Fund receives such distributions all or a portion of these distributions will constitute a return of capital to such Fund. Receiving a return of capital distribution from a REIT will reduce the amount of income available to be distributed to Fund shareholders. Income from REIT securities generally will not be eligible for treatment as qualified dividend income.

 

Under the 2017 Tax Act, “qualified REIT dividends” (i.e., ordinary REIT dividends other than capital gain dividends and portions of REIT dividends designated as qualified dividend income) are eligible for a 20% deduction by noncorporate taxpayers. Under current law, this deduction will not be available for income from regulated investment companies, including the Funds.

 

Tax-Exempt Shareholders

 

Under current law, each Fund serves to “block” (that is, prevent the attribution to shareholders of) unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”) from being realized by its tax-exempt shareholders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a tax-exempt shareholder could realize UBTI by virtue of its investment in a Fund. For example, a tax-exempt shareholder could realize UBTI by virtue of its investment in a Fund if either: (1) the applicable Fund invests in REITs that hold residual interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits (“REMICs”) or taxable mortgage pools (“TMPs”), in which event any related UBTI may not be offset by net operating losses; or (2) shares in the applicable Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of section 514(b) of the Code. If a charitable remainder trust (as defined in section 664 of the Code) realizes any UBTI for a taxable year, it will be subject to an excise tax equal to the amount of such UBTI. Tax-exempt investors should consult with their own tax advisors concerning the impact of these rules before investing in a Fund. A Fund may invest in REITs that hold residual interests in REMICs or TMPs.

 

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Backup Withholding

 

Each Fund generally is required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and redemption proceeds paid to any non-corporate shareholder who fails to properly furnish such Fund with a correct taxpayer identification number (“TIN”), or who has under-reported dividend or interest income, and to any shareholder that fails to certify to such Fund that it is not subject to such withholding. Under current law, the backup withholding tax rate is 24% for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2026.

 

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules from a payment to a shareholder generally may be refunded or credited against the shareholder’s federal income tax liability, if any, provided that certain required information is timely furnished to the Internal Revenue Service. If a shareholder fails to furnish a valid TIN upon request, the shareholder can be subject to IRS penalties.

 

Cost Basis Reporting

 

The Funds (or their administrative agents) must report to the IRS and furnish to fund shareholders the cost basis information for Fund shares purchased on or after January 1, 2012, and redeemed, exchanged or otherwise sold on or after that date. The Funds must also indicate to the IRS whether these shares had a short-term or long-term holding period. In the absence of an election by a shareholder to elect from certain cost basis methods which have been accepted by the IRS, the Funds will use their default cost basis method. The cost basis method elected or applied may not be changed after the settlement date of a sale of Funds shares. Fund shareholders should consult with their tax advisers concerning the most desirable IRS-accepted cost basis method for their tax situation and to obtain more information about how the new cost basis reporting law applies to them. In addition, the Funds are required to report the gross proceeds from the sale of all Fund shares (regardless of when such shares were purchased).

 

Surtax on Net Investment Income

 

A surtax of 3.8% applies to net investment income of an individual taxpayer and on the undistributed net investment income of certain estates and trusts, to the extent that such taxpayer’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds a certain amount. Net investment income includes interest, dividends, royalties, rents, gross income from a trade or business involving passive activities, and net gain from disposition of property (other than property held in a non-passive trade or business). Net investment income includes ordinary income and capital gain distributions received from a Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Fund shares. Net investment income is reduced by deductions properly allocable to such income.

 

Foreign Accounts

 

Under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (or “FATCA”), foreign financial institutions as defined by FATCA (“FFIs”) or non-financial foreign entities as defined by FATCA (“NFFEs”) that are shareholders of a Fund may be subject to a 30% withholding tax on: (1) income dividends paid by the Fund, and (2) certain capital gain distributions and the proceeds of a sale of Fund shares paid after December 31, 2018. The FATCA withholding tax generally may be avoided: (a) by an FFI, if it reports certain direct and indirect ownership of foreign financial accounts held by U.S. persons with the FFI, and (b) by an NFFE, if it: (i) certifies that is has no substantial U.S. persons as owners or (ii) if it does have such owners, reporting information relating to them to the withholding agent (which may be the Fund). The U.S. Treasury has negotiated intergovernmental agreements (each, an “IGA”) with certain countries and is in various stages of negotiations with other foreign countries with respect to one or more alternative approaches to implement FATCA. An entity in one of those countries may be required to comply with the terms of an IGA and applicable local law instead of U.S. Treasury regulations.

 

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An FFI can avoid FATCA withholding by becoming a “participating FFI,” which requires the FFI to enter into a tax compliance agreement with the IRS under section 1471(b) of the Code under which it agrees to verify, report and disclose certain of its U.S. accountholders and provided that such entity meets certain other specified requirements. The FFI will report to the IRS, or, depending on the FFI’s country of residence, to the government of that country (pursuant to the terms and conditions of an applicable IGA and applicable law), which will, in turn, report to the IRS. An FFI that is resident in a country that has entered into an IGA with the U.S. to implement FATCA will be exempt from FATCA withholding provided that the FFI shareholder and the applicable foreign government comply with the terms of such agreement.

 

An NFFE that is the beneficial owner of a payment from a Fund can avoid FATCA withholding generally by certifying that it does not have any substantial U.S. owners or by providing the name, address and taxpayer identification number of each substantial U.S. owner. The NFFE will report to the Fund or other applicable withholding agent, which will, in turn, report information to the IRS.

 

Such foreign shareholders also may fall into certain exempt, excepted or deemed compliant categories as established by U.S. Treasury regulations, IGAs, and other guidance regarding FATCA. An FFI or NFFE that invests in a Fund will need to provide the Fund with documentation properly certifying the entity’s status under FATCA in order to avoid FATCA withholding. The requirements imposed by FATCA are different from, and in addition to, the U.S. certification rules to avoid backup withholding described above.

 

Other Tax Matters

 

Special tax rules apply to investments through defined contribution plans and other tax-qualified plans. Shareholders should consult their tax advisor to determine the suitability of shares of a Fund as an investment through such plans and the precise effect of an investment in the Funds would have on their particular tax situation.

 

The foregoing discussion relates solely to U.S. federal income tax law. Dividends and distributions also may be subject to state and local taxes. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisers regarding specific questions as to U.S. federal, state, local and, where applicable, foreign taxes. Foreign investors should consult their tax advisors concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences of ownership of shares of a Fund, including the certification and filing requirements imposed on foreign investors in order to qualify for exemption from the backup withholding tax rates (or a reduced rate of withholding provided by treaty).

 

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The foregoing is a general and abbreviated summary of the applicable provisions of the Code and related regulations currently in effect. For the complete provisions, reference should be made to the pertinent Code sections and regulations. The Code and regulations are subject to change by legislative or administrative actions.

 

The 2017 Tax Act

 

The 2017 Tax Act substantially altered the U.S. federal income tax rules for the taxation of individuals and corporations, generally effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017. Certain specific provisions of the 2017 Tax Act are described in the relevant portions of this SAI. The 2017 Tax Act also makes numerous changes to the tax rules that do not affect regulated investment companies directly but may affect shareholders and may indirectly affect the Funds. Among many other tax changes introduced by the 2017 Tax Act, the Act changes marginal income tax rates applicable to individuals and other taxpayers. Most of the changes applicable to individuals are temporary and would apply only to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2026. The 2017 Tax Act does not change the maximum federal income tax rates that apply to long-term capital gains recognized by noncorporate taxpayers. The 2017 Act also establishes a deduction of up to 20% for qualified business income from certain pass-through businesses, including publicly traded partnerships and REITS. Under current law, this deduction will not be available for income from regulated investment companies, including the Funds.

 

DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST

 

The Trust was organized as a Delaware business trust on November 30, 1993 and consists of multiple separate portfolios or series. The Board may establish additional series in the future. The capitalization of the Trust consists solely of an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest with no par value.

 

The Trust consists of multiple separate portfolios or funds. When certain matters affect one fund but not another, the shareholders would vote as a fund regarding such matters. Subject to the foregoing, on any matter submitted to a vote of shareholders, all shares then entitled to vote will be voted separately by the fund unless otherwise required by the 1940 Act, in which case all shares will be voted in the aggregate. For example, a change in a fund’s fundamental investment policies would be voted upon only by shareholders of the fund. Additionally, approval of the Advisory Agreement is a matter to be determined separately by each fund.

 

Approval by the shareholders of one fund is effective as to that fund whether or not sufficient votes are received from the shareholders of the other fund to approve the proposal as to that fund. The term “majority,” when referring to approvals to be obtained from shareholders of a fund means the vote of the lesser of (i) 67% of the shares of the fund or class represented at a meeting if the holder of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the fund or class are present in person or by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the fund. The term “majority,” when referring to the approvals to be obtained from shareholders of the Trust as a whole means the vote of the lesser of (i) 67% of the Trust’s shares represented at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the Trust’s outstanding shares are present in person or proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the Trust’s outstanding shares. Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each full share held and fractional votes for fractional shares held.

 

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The Trust is not required to hold regular annual meetings of a fund’s shareholders and does not intend to do so. However, the Trust undertakes to hold a special meeting of its shareholders if the purpose of voting on the question of removal of a director or trustees is requested in writing by the holders of at least 10% of the Trust’s outstanding voting securities, and to assist in communicating with other shareholders as required by Section 16(c) of the 1940 Act. The Trust Instrument provides that the holders of not less than two-thirds of the outstanding shares of the Trust may remove a person serving as Trustee either by declaration in writing or at a meeting called for such purpose.

 

Each share of a fund represents an equal proportional interest in the fund with each other share and is entitled to such dividends and distributions out of the income earned on the assets belonging to the fund as are declared in the discretion of the Trustees. In the event of the liquidation or dissolution of the Trust, shareholders of each fund are entitled to receive the assets attributable to such fund that are available for distribution, and a distribution of any general assets of the Trust not attributable to a particular fund that are available for distribution in such manner and on such basis as the Trustees in their sole discretion may determine.

 

Shareholders are not entitled to any preemptive rights. All shares, when issued, will be fully paid and non-assessable by the Trust.

 

Under Delaware law, shareholders could, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable for the obligations of a series of the Trust but only to the extent of the shareholder’s investment in such series. However, the Trust Instrument disclaims liability of the shareholders, Trustees or Officers of the Trust for acts or obligations of the Trust, which are binding only on the assets and property of each series of the Trust and requires that notice of the disclaimer be given in each contract or obligations entered into or executed by the Trust or the Trustees. The risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which the Trust itself would be unable to meet its obligations and should be considered remote and is limited to the amount of the shareholder’s investment in the Fund.

 

OTHER INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS

 

Custodian. The Bank of New York Mellon (the “Custodian”), located at One Wall Street, New York, NY 10286, serves as the custodian for each Fund. As such, the Custodian holds in safekeeping certificated securities and cash belonging to the Funds and, in such capacity, is the registered owner of securities in book-entry form belonging to the Funds. Upon instruction, the Custodian receives and delivers cash and securities of the Funds in connection with Fund transactions and collects all dividends and other distributions made with respect to Fund portfolio securities. The Custodian also maintains certain accounts and records of the Funds.

 

Transfer Agent. ALPS, pursuant to a Transfer Agency and Service Agreement, serves as transfer agent for each Fund. As Transfer Agent, ALPS has, among other things, agreed to: (a) issue and redeem shares of the Funds; (b) make dividend and other distributions to shareholders of the Funds; (c) effect transfers of shares; (d) mail communications to shareholders of the Funds, including account statements, confirmations, and dividend and distribution notices; (e) facilitate the electronic delivery of shareholder statements and reports and (f) maintain shareholder accounts. Under the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement, ALPS receives from the Trust an annual minimum fee and a fee based upon the number of shareholder accounts and is also reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses. As described above, ALPS is an affiliate of ADI.

 

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Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. [          ] serves as the Funds’ independent registered public accountant. [               ] is located at 1601 Wewatta Street, Suite 400, Denver, CO 80202.

 

Counsel. Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP serves as counsel to the Funds and is located at 1550 17th Street, Suite 500, Denver, Colorado 80202.

 

PERFORMANCE INFORMATION

 

Yield and Total Return. Each Fund may from time to time include the yield and/or total return of their shares in advertisements or information in advertisements or information furnished to present or prospective shareholders.

 

Each Fund’s yield will vary from time to time depending upon market conditions, the composition of its portfolios and operating expenses of the Trust allocated to the Fund. These factors, possible differences in the methods used in calculating yield, and the tax exempt status of distributions, should be considered when comparing the Fund’s yield to yields published for other investment companies and other investment vehicles. Yield should also be considered relative to changes in the value of a Fund’s shares and to the relative risks associated with the investment objectives and policies of the Funds.

 

At any time in the future, yields and total return may be higher or lower than past yields and there can be no assurance that any historical results will continue.

 

Investors in either Fund are specifically advised that share prices, expressed as the net asset value per share, will vary just as yield will vary. An investor’s focus on the yield of a Fund to the exclusion of the consideration of the share price of that Fund may result in the investor’s misunderstanding the total return he or she may derive from the Fund.

 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

The financial statements and financial highlights in the April 30, 2018 Annual Report (the “Annual Report”) of the Funds are incorporated in this SAI by reference. The financial statements and financial highlights in the Annual Report have been audited by [          ], whose report thereon appears in the Annual Report. You can obtain additional copies of such Annual Report at no charge by writing or telephoning the Funds at the address or number on the front page of this SAI. 

 

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APPENDIX A

 

DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES RATINGS

 

Each Fund may make use of average portfolio credit quality standards to assist institutional investors whose own investment guidelines limit their investments accordingly. In determining a Fund’s overall dollar-weighted average quality, unrated securities are treated as if rated, based on the adviser’s view of their comparability to rated securities. A Fund’s use of average quality criteria is intended to be a guide for those investors whose investment guidelines require that assets be invested according to comparable criteria. Reference to an overall average quality rating for a Fund does not mean that all securities held by the Fund will be rated in that category or higher. A Fund’s investments may range in quality from securities rated in the lowest category in which the Fund is permitted to invest to securities rated in the highest category (as rated by Moody’s, S&P or Fitch or, if unrated, determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality). The percentage of a Fund’s assets invested in securities in a particular rating category will vary. Following is a description of Moody’s, S&P’s and Fitch’s ratings applicable to fixed-income securities.

 

Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.

 

Corporate and Municipal Bond Ratings

 

Aaa: Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as “gilt edge.” Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.

 

Aa: Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high-grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present that make the long-term risks appear somewhat larger than with Aaa securities.

 

A: Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as upper-medium-grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate, but elements may be present that suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.

 

Baa: Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium-grade obligations (i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured), interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well.

 

Ba: Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be considered as well-assured. Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.

 

A-1

 

B: Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of a desirable investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.

 

Caa: Bonds which are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest.

 

Ca: Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in a high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.

 

C: Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and issues so rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing.

 

Moody’s bond ratings, where specified, are applicable to financial contracts, senior bank obligations and insurance company senior policyholder and claims obligations with an original maturity in excess of one year. Obligations relying upon support mechanisms such as letter-of-credit and bonds of indemnity are excluded unless explicitly rated. Obligations of a branch of a bank are considered to be domiciled in the country in which the branch is located.

 

Unless noted as an exception, Moody’s rating on a bank’s ability to repay senior obligations extends only to branches located in countries which carry a Moody’s Sovereign Rating for Bank Deposits. Such branch obligations are rated at the lower of the bank’s rating or Moody’s Sovereign Rating for the Bank Deposits for the country in which the branch is located. When the currency in which an obligation is denominated is not the same as the currency of the country in which the obligation is domiciled, Moody’s ratings do not incorporate an opinion as to whether payment of the obligation will be affected by the actions of the government controlling the currency of denomination. In addition, risk associated with bilateral conflicts between an investor’s home country and cither the issuer’s home country or the country where an issuer branch is located are not incorporated into Moody’s ratings.

 

Moody’s makes no representation that rated bank obligations or insurance company obligations are exempt from registration under the Securities Act or issued in conformity with any other applicable law or regulation. Nor does Moody’s represent that any specific bank or insurance company obligation is legally enforceable or a valid senior obligation of a rated issuer.

 

Moody’s applies numerical modifiers, 1,2, and 3 in each generic rating classified from Aa through Caa in its corporate bond rating system. The modifier 1 indicates that the security ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates that the issue ranks in the lower end of its generic rating category.

 

Corporate Short-Term Debt Ratings

 

Moody’s short-term debt ratings are opinions of the ability of issuers to repay punctually senior debt obligations. These obligations have an original maturity not exceeding one year, unless explicitly noted.

 

A-2

 

Moody’s employs the following three designations, all judged to be investment-grade, to indicate the relative repayment ability of rated issuers:

 

PRIME-1: Issuers rated Prime-1 (or supporting institutions) have a superior ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. Prime-1 repayment ability will often be evidenced by many of the following characteristics: leading market positions in well-established industries; high rates of return on funds employed: conservative capitalization structure with moderate reliance on debt and ample asset protection; broad margins in earnings coverage of fixed financial charges and high internal cash generation; and well-established access to a range of financial markets and assured sources of alternate liquidity.

 

PRIME-2: Issuers rated Prime-2 (or supporting institutions) have a strong ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. This will normally be evidenced by many of the characteristics cited above but to a lesser degree. Earnings trends and coverage ratios, while sound, may be more subject to variation. Capitalization characteristics, while still appropriate, may be more affected by external conditions. Ample alternate liquidity is maintained.

 

PRIME-3: Issuers rated Prime-3 (or supporting institutions) have an acceptable ability for repayment of senior short-term obligations. The effect of industry characteristics and market compositions may be more pronounced. Variability in earnings and profitability may result in changes in the level of debt protection measurements and may require relatively high financial leverage. Adequate alternate liquidity is maintained.

 

NOT PRIME: Issuers rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.

 

Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services

 

Issue Credit Rating Definitions

 

A Standard & Poor’s issue credit rating is a current opinion of the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation, a specific class of financial obligations, or a specific financial program (including ratings on medium term note programs and commercial paper programs). It takes into consideration the creditworthiness of guarantors, insurers, or other forms of credit enhancement on the obligation and takes into account the currency in which the obligation is denominated. The issue credit rating is not a recommendation to purchase, sell, or hold a financial obligation, inasmuch as it does not comment as to market price or suitability for a particular investor.

 

Issue credit ratings are based on current information furnished by the obligors or obtained by Standard & Poor’s from other sources it considers reliable. Standard & Poor’s does not perform an audit in connection with any credit rating and may, on occasion, rely on unaudited financial information. Credit ratings may be changed, suspended, or withdrawn as a result of changes in, or unavailability of, such information, or based on other circumstances.

 

Issue credit ratings can be either long-term or short-term. Short-term ratings are generally assigned to those obligations considered short term in the relevant market. In the U.S., for example, that means obligations with an original maturity of no more than 365 days, including commercial paper. Short-term ratings are also used to indicate the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to put features on long-term obligations. The result is a dual rating, in which the short-term rating addresses the put feature, in addition to the usual long-term rating. Medium-term notes are assigned long-term ratings.

 

A-3

 

Issue credit ratings are based, in varying degrees, on the following considerations: likelihood of payment - capacity and willingness of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on an obligation in accordance with the terms of the obligation: nature of and provisions of the obligation; protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting creditors’ rights.

 

The issue rating definitions are expressed in terms of default risk. As such, they pertain to senior obligations of an entity. Junior obligations are typically rated lower than senior obligations, to reflect the lower priority in bankruptcy, as noted above. (Such differentiation applies when an entity has both senior and subordinated obligations, secured and unsecured obligations, or operating company and holding company obligations.) Accordingly, in the case of junior debt the rating may not conform exactly with the category definition.

 

Corporate and Municipal Bond Ratings

 

Investment-grade

 

AAA: An obligation rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor’s. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.

 

AA: An obligation rated ‘AA’ differs from the highest rated obligations only in small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.

 

A: An obligation rated ‘A’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.

 

BBB: An obligation rated ‘BBS’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

 

Speculative Grade

 

Obligations rated ‘BB’, ‘B’, ‘CCC’, ‘CC’ and ‘C’ are regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal. BB indicates the least degree of speculation and C the highest. While such debt will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.

 

BB: An obligation rated ‘BB’ is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

 

A-4

 

B: An obligation rated ‘B’ is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated ‘BB’, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

 

CCC: An obligation rated ‘CCC’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

 

CC: An obligation rated ‘CC’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment.

 

C: A subordinated debt or preferred stock obligation rated ‘C’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The ‘C’ rating may be used to cover a situation where a bankruptcy petition has been filed or similar action taken, but payments on this obligation are being continued. A ‘C’ also will be assigned to a preferred stock issue in arrears on dividends or sinking fund payments, but that is currently paying.

 

D: An obligation rated ‘D’ is in payment default. The ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poor’s believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.

 

Plus (+) or Minus (–): The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

 

Provisional ratings: The letter “p” indicates that the rating is provisional. A provisional rating assumes the successful completion of the project being financed by the debt being rated and indicates that payment of debt service requirements is largely or entirely dependent upon the successful and timely completion of the project. This rating, however, while addressing credit quality subsequent to completion of the project, makes no comment on the likelihood of, or the risk of default upon failure of, such completion. The investor should exercise his own judgment with respect to such likelihood and risk.

 

r: This symbol is attached to the ratings of instruments with significant noncredit risks. It highlights risks to principal or volatility of expected returns which are not addressed in the credit rating. Examples include: obligations linked or indexed to equities, currencies, or commodities; obligations exposed to severe prepayment risk - such as interest-only or principal-only mortgage securities; and obligations with unusually risky interest terms, such as inverse floaters.

 

The absence of an “r” symbol should not be taken as an indication that an obligation will exhibit no volatility or variability in total return.

 

N.R.: This indicates that no rating has been requested, that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that Standard & Poor’s does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy.

 

A-5

 

Debt obligations of issuers outside the United States and its territories are rated on the same basis as domestic corporate and municipal issues. The ratings measure the creditworthiness of the obligor but do not take into account currency exchange and related uncertainties.

 

Commercial Paper Rating Definitions

 

A Standard & Poor’s commercial paper rating is a current assessment of the likelihood of timely payment of debt having an original maturity of no more than 365 days. Ratings are graded into several categories, ranging from A for the highest quality obligations to D for the lowest. These categories are as follows:

 

A-1: A short-term obligation rated ‘A-1’ is rated in the highest category by Standard & Poor’s. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong.

 

A-2: A short-term obligation rated ‘A-2’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.

 

A-3: A short-term obligation rated ‘A-3’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

 

B: A short-term obligation rated ‘B’ is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

 

C: A short-term obligation rated ‘C’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

 

D: A short-term obligation rated ‘D’ is in payment default. The ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poor’s believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.

 

A commercial paper rating is not a recommendation to purchase, sell or hold a security inasmuch as it does not comment as to market price or suitability for a particular investor. The ratings are based on current information furnished to Standard & Poor’s by the issuer or obtained from other sources it considers reliable. Standard & Poor’s does not perform an audit in connection with any rating and may, on occasion, rely on unaudited financial information. The ratings may be changed, suspended, or withdrawn as a result of changes in or unavailability of such information.

 

A-6

 

Fitch Investor Services, Inc

 

Credit Ratings

 

Fitch’s credit ratings provide an opinion on the relative ability of an entity to meet financial commitments, such as interest, preferred dividends, repayment of principal, insurance claims or counterparty obligations. Credit ratings are used by investors as indications of the likelihood of receiving their money back in accordance with the terms on which they invested. Fitch’s credit ratings cover the global spectrum of corporate, sovereign (including supranational and sub-national), financial, bank, insurance, municipal and other public finance entities and the securities or other obligations they issue, as well as structured finance securities backed by receivables or other financial assets.

 

The use of credit ratings defines their function: “investment grade” ratings (international Long-term ‘AAA’ to ‘BBB-’ categories; Short-term ‘F1’ to ‘F3’) indicate relatively low to moderate credit risk, while those in the “speculative” or “non investment grade” categories (international Long-term ‘BB+’ to ‘D’; Short-term ‘B’ to ‘D’) either signal a higher level of credit risk or that a default has already occurred. Credit ratings express risk in relative rank order, which is to say they are ordinal measures of credit risk and are not predictive of a specific frequency of default or loss.

 

Depending on their application, credit ratings address benchmark measures of probability of default as well relative expectations of loss given default. For example, issuers are typically assigned Issuer Default Ratings that are relative measures of default probability. Similarly, short-term credit ratings give primary consideration to the likelihood that obligations will be met on a timely basis. Securities, however, are rated taking into consideration probability of default and loss given default. As a result, for entities such as corporations security ratings may be rated higher, lower or the same as the issuer rating to reflect expectations of the security’s relative recovery prospects, as well as differences in ability and willingness to pay. While recovery analysis plays an important role throughout the ratings scale, it becomes a more critical consideration for below investment-grade securities and obligations, particularly at the lower end of the non-investment-grade ratings scale where Fitch often publishes actual Recovery Ratings, that are complementary to the credit ratings.

 

Structured finance ratings typically are assigned to each individual security or tranche in a transaction, and not to an issuer. Each structured finance tranche is rated on the basis of various stress scenarios in combination with its relative seniority, prioritization of cash flows and other structural mechanisms.

 

International Long-Term Credit Ratings

 

International Long-Term Credit Ratings (LTCR) may also be referred to as Long-Term Ratings. When assigned to most issuers, it is used as a benchmark measure of probability of default and is formally described as an Issuer Default Rating (IDR). The major exception is within Public Finance, where IDRs will not be assigned as market convention has always focused on timeliness and does not draw analytical distinctions between issuers and their underlying obligations. When applied to issues or securities, the LTCR may be higher or lower than the issuer rating (IDR) to reflect relative differences in recovery expectations.

 

A-7

 

The following rating scale applies to foreign currency and local currency ratings:

 

Investment Grade

 

AAA

 

Highest credit quality. ‘AAA’ ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in case of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.

 

AA

 

Very high credit quality. ‘AA’ ratings denote expectations of very low credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.

 

A

 

High credit quality. ‘A’ ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to changes in circumstances or in economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.

 

BBB

 

Good credit quality. ‘BBB’ ratings indicate that there is currently expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse changes in circumstances and economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity. This is the lowest investment grade category.

 

Speculative Grade

 

BB

 

Speculative

 

‘BB’ ratings indicate that there is a possibility of credit risk developing, particularly as the result of adverse economic change over time; however, business or financial alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met. Securities rated in this category are not investment grade.

 

A-8

 

B

 

Highly speculative

 

For issuers and performing obligations, ‘B’ ratings indicate that significant credit risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is contingent upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment.

 

For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for extremely high recoveries. Such obligations would possess a Recovery Rating of ‘R1’ (outstanding).

 

CCC

 

For issuers and performing obligations, default is a real possibility. Capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon sustained, favorable business or economic conditions.

 

For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for average to superior levels of recovery. Differences in credit quality may be denoted by plus/minus distinctions. Such obligations typically would possess a Recovery Rating of ‘R2’ (superior), or ‘R3’ (good) or ‘R4’ (average).

 

CC

 

For issuers and performing obligations, default of some kind appears probable.

 

For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with a Recovery Rating of ‘R4’ (average) or ‘R5’ (below average).

 

C

 

For issuers and performing obligations, default is imminent.

 

For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for below-average to poor recoveries. Such obligations would possess a Recovery Rating of ‘R6’ (poor).

 

RD

 

Indicates an entity that has failed to make due payments (within the applicable grace period) on some but not all material financial obligations, but continues to honor other classes of obligations.

 

D

 

Indicates an entity or sovereign that has defaulted on all of its financial obligations. Default generally is defined as one of the following:

 

A-9

 

failure of an obligor to make timely payment of principal and/or interest under the contractual terms of any financial obligation;

 

the bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other winding-up or cessation of business of an obligor; or

 

the distressed or other coercive exchange of an obligation, where creditors were offered securities with diminished structural or economic terms compared with the existing obligation.

 

Default ratings are not assigned prospectively; within this context, non-payment on an instrument that contains a deferral feature or grace period will not be considered a default until after the expiration of the deferral or grace period.

 

Issuers will be rated ‘D’ upon a default. Defaulted and distressed obligations typically are rated along the continuum of ‘C’ to ‘B’ ratings categories, depending upon their recovery prospects and other relevant characteristics. Additionally, in structured finance transactions, where analysis indicates that an instrument is irrevocably impaired such that it is not expected to meet pay interest and or principal in full in accordance with the terms of the obligation’s documentation during the life of the transaction, but where no payment default in accordance with the terms of the documentation is imminent, the obligation may be rated in the ‘B’ or ‘CCC-C’ categories.

 

Default is determined by reference to the terms of the obligations’ documentation. Fitch will assign default ratings where it has reasonably determined that payment has not been made on a material obligation in accordance with the requirements of the obligation’s documentation, or where it believes that default ratings consistent with Fitch’s published definition of default are the most appropriate ratings to assign.

 

International Short-Term Credit Ratings

 

The following ratings scale applies to foreign currency and local currency ratings. A Short-term rating has a time horizon of less than 13 months for most obligations, or up to three years for US public finance, in line with industry standards, to reflect unique risk characteristics of bond, tax, and revenue anticipation notes that are commonly issued with terms up to three years. Short-term ratings thus place greater emphasis on the liquidity necessary to meet financial commitments in a timely manner.

 

F1

 

Highest credit quality. Indicates the strongest capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added “+” to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.

 

F2

 

Good credit quality. A satisfactory capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, but the margin of safety is not as great as in the case of the higher ratings.

 

A-10

 

F3

 

Fair credit quality. The capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate; however, near term adverse changes could result in a reduction to non investment grade.

 

B

 

Speculative. Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.

 

C

 

High default risk. Default is a real possibility. Capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment.

 

RD

 

Indicates an entity that has defaulted on one or more of its financial commitments, although it continues to meet other obligations.

 

D

 

Indicates an entity or sovereign that has defaulted on all of its financial obligations.

 

Notes to International Long-Term and Short-Term ratings:

 

The modifiers “+” or “–” may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the ‘AAA’ Long-term rating category, to categories below ‘CCC’ or to Short-term ratings other than ‘Fl’. (The +/– modifiers are only used to denote issues within the CCC category, whereas issuers are only rated CCC without the use of modifiers.)

 

Rating Watch: Ratings are placed on Rating Watch to notify investors that there is a reasonable probability of a rating change and the likely direction of such change. These are designated as “Positive,” indicating a potential upgrade, “Negative,” for a potential downgrade, or “Evolving,” if ratings may be raised, lowered or maintained. Rating Watch is typically resolved over a relatively short period.

 

Rating Outlook: An Outlook indicates the direction a rating is likely to move over a one to two-year period. Outlooks may be positive, stable or negative. A positive or negative Rating Outlook does not imply a rating change is inevitable. Similarly, ratings for which outlooks are “stable” could be upgraded or downgraded before an outlook moves to positive or negative if circumstances warrant such an action. Occasionally, Fitch Ratings may be unable to identify the fundamental trend. In these cases, the Rating Outlook may be described as evolving.

 

Program ratings (such as the those assigned to MTN shelf registrations) relate only to standard issues made under the program concerned: it should not be assumed that these ratings apply to every issue made under the program. In particular, in the case of non-standard issues, i.e. those that are linked to the credit of a third party or linked to the performance of an index, ratings of these issues may deviate from the applicable program rating.

 

A-11

 

Variable rate demand obligations and other securities which contain a short-term “put” or other similar demand feature will have a dual rating, such as AAA/F1+. The first rating reflects the ability to meet long-term principal and interest payments, whereas the second rating reflects the ability to honor the demand feature in full and on time.

 

Interest Only

 

Interest Only ratings are assigned to interest strips. These ratings do not address the possibility that a security holder might fail to recover some or all of its initial investment due to voluntary or involuntary principal repayments.

 

Principal Only

 

Principal Only ratings address the likelihood that a security holder will receive their initial principal investment either before or by the scheduled maturity date.

 

Rate of Return

 

Ratings also may be assigned to gauge the likelihood of an investor receiving a certain predetermined internal rate of return without regard to the precise timing of any cash flows.

 

‘PIF’

 

Paid-in-Full: denotes a security that is paid-in-full, matured, called, or refinanced.

 

‘NR’ indicates that Fitch Ratings does not rate the issuer or issue in question.

 

‘Withdrawn’: A rating is withdrawn when Fitch Ratings deems the amount of information available to be inadequate for rating purposes, or when an obligation matures, is called, or refinanced, or for any other reason Fitch Ratings deems sufficient. 

 

A-12

 

APPENDIX B - Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures

 

Vulcan Value Partners, LLC

 

Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures

 

Adopted as of December 29, 2015

 

Proxy Voting Policy

 

Vulcan has responsibility for voting proxies for portfolio securities consistent with the best economic interests of our clients. Our firm maintains written policies and procedures as to the handling, research, voting and reporting of proxy voting and makes appropriate disclosures about our firm’s proxy policies and practices. Our policy and practice includes the responsibility to monitor corporate actions, receive and vote proxies for investment portfolios and disclose any potential conflicts of interest as well as making information available to clients about the voting of proxies for fund portfolio securities and maintaining relevant and required records.

 

Background

 

Proxy voting is an important right of shareholders and reasonable care and diligence must be undertaken to ensure that such rights are properly and timely exercised.

 

Investment advisers registered with the SEC, and which exercise voting authority with respect to client securities, are required by Rule 206(4)-6 of the Advisers Act to (a) adopt and implement written policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that client securities are voted in the best interests of clients, which must include how an adviser addresses material conflicts that may arise between an adviser’s interests and those of its clients; (b) to disclose to clients how they may obtain information from the adviser with respect to the voting of proxies for their securities; (c) to describe to clients a summary of its proxy voting policies and procedures and, upon request, furnish a copy to its clients; and (d) maintain certain records relating to the adviser’s proxy voting activities when the adviser does have proxy voting authority.

 

Responsibility

 

The Research Department has the responsibility for the administration of our proxy voting policy.

 

Procedure

 

Vulcan has adopted procedures to ensure the firm’s policy is implemented, observed and amended or updated, as appropriate, which include the following:

 

B-1

 

Voting Procedures

 

Any proxy materials received on behalf of clients are forwarded to the Research Department;

 

The Research Department will determine which client accounts hold the security to which the proxy relates;

 

Absent material conflicts, the Research Department to determine how Vulcan should vote the proxy in accordance with the voting guidelines noted below, complete the proxy and vote the proxy in a timely and appropriate manner.

 

Vulcan utilizes ProxyEdge, an electronic voting service, to manage the process of meeting notification, voting, tracking, reporting and record maintenance. ProxyEdge provides an automated electronic interface directly to the custodian, bank or broker-dealer.

 

Disclosure

 

Vulcan will provide information to its clients summarizing this proxy voting policy, including a statement that clients may request information regarding how Vulcan voted proxies on behalf of the client, as well as a copy of these policies and procedures.

 

Client Requests for Information

 

Any client requests for information regarding proxy votes, or policies and procedures, received should be forwarded to the Chief Compliance Officer.

 

In response to any request, the Chief Compliance Officer will prepare a response to the client with the information requested, and as applicable will include the name of the issuer, the proposal voted upon, and how Vulcan voted the client’s proxies.

 

Voting Guidelines

 

Vulcan will use its best judgment to vote proxies in the best interests of each client. Vulcan’s policy is to vote all proxies from a specific issuer the same way for each client absent qualifying restrictions from a client.

 

Vulcan will generally vote in favor of routine corporate governance proposals such as the election of directors, change in state of incorporation or capital structure and selection of auditors absent conflicts of interest raised by an auditor’s non-audit services.

 

Vulcan will vote in favor of management on non-routine corporate governance issues unless voting with management would limit shareholder rights or have a negative impact on shareholder value. Non-routine issues may include, but not be limited to, corporate restructuring, mergers and acquisitions, proposals affecting shareholder rights, anti-takeover issues, executive compensation, and social and political issues. In cases where the number of shares in all equity compensation plans exceed 10% of basic shares outstanding, Vulcan generally votes against proposals that will increase shareholder dilution.

 

B-2

 

Vulcan will generally vote against proposals that cause board members to become entrenched or cause unequal voting rights.

 

Vulcan may further consider the recommendations of management and the effect on management, and the effect on shareholder value and the issuer’s business practices.

 

Conflicts of Interest

 

Vulcan will identify any conflicts that exist between its interests and those of the client by reviewing Vulcan’s relationship with the issuer of each security to determine if Vulcan or any of its employees has any financial, business, or personal relationship with the issuer.

 

If a material conflict of interest exists, the Chief Compliance Officer will determine whether it is appropriate to disclose the conflict to the affected client, to give the client an opportunity to vote the proxies themselves, or to address the voting issue through other objective means such as abstaining, voting in a manner consistent with a predetermined voting policy or receiving an independent third party voting recommendation.

 

Any decision to override a vote due to a conflict of interest will be made by the Research Team and reported to the CCO who will record in writing the basis for any such determination.

 

Vulcan will maintain a record of the resolution of any conflict of interest concerning voting.

 

Recordkeeping

 

The Chief Compliance Officer shall retain the following proxy records in accordance with the SEC’s five-year retention requirement.

 

These policies and procedures and any amendments;

 

Each proxy statement that Vulcan receives;

 

A record of each vote that Vulcan casts;

 

Any document Vulcan created that was material to making a decision how to vote proxies, or that memorializes that voting decision.

 

A copy of each written request from a client for information on how Vulcan voted such client fund’s proxies, and a copy of any written response.

 

B-3

 

PART C. OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 28. Exhibits

 

(a)

 

(1)Trust Instrument of Registrant.(1)

 

(2)Revised Trust Instrument of Registrant.(1)

 

(3)Amendment to Trust Instrument of Registrant dated August 7, 2009.(8)

 

(b)

 

(1)By-Laws of Registrant.(1)

 

(2)Revised By-Laws of Registrant.(1)

 

(3)Amendment to By-Laws of Registrant dated April 25, 2008.(5)

 

(c)Provisions of instruments defining rights of security holders are contained in Articles 2 and 7 of the Declaration of Trust (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(1) of this filing).

 

(d)

 

(1)Investment Advisory and Management Agreement dated June 29, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund.(66)

 

(2)Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement dated June 29, 2018 among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and Red Rocks Capital LLC with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund.(66)

 

(3)Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 3, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/WMC Value Intersection Fund).(66)

 

(4)Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement dated August 3, 2018 among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and Wellington Management Company, LLP with respect to the ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/WMC Value Intersection Fund).(66)

 

(5)Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 3, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the Clough China Fund.(66)

 

(6)Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement dated August 3, 2018 among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and Clough Capital Partners, LP with respect to the Clough China Fund.(66)

 

(7)Investment Advisory Agreement dated December 30, 2009 between Registrant and Vulcan Value Partners, LLC with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Funds.(16)

 

 

 

(8)Amendment dated January 1, 2013 to Investment Advisory Agreement dated December 30, 2009 between Registrant and Vulcan Value Partners, LLC with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners Fund and Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund.(37)

 

(9)Investment Advisory Agreement dated May 31, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund.(64)

 

(10)Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement dated May 31, 2018 among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and CoreCommodity Management, LLC with respect to the CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund.(66)

 

(11)Investment Advisory Agreement dated May 31, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund).(66)

 

(12)Amendment dated August 3, 2018 to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated May 31, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund).(66)

 

(13)Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement dated May 31, 2018 among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund).(66)

 

(14)Amendment dated August 3, 2018 to the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement May 31, 2018 among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund).(66)

 

(15)Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 21, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.(66)

 

(16)Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement dated August 21, 2018 among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and Kotak Mahindra (UK) Limited with respect to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.(66)

 

 

 

(17)Novation Agreement dated April 1, 2017 among the Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc., Kotak Mahindra (UK) Limited and Kotak Mahindra Asset Management (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. with respect to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.(58)

 

(18)Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 2, 2011 between Registrant and Aspen Partners Ltd. with respect to the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund.(28)

 

(19)Amendment dated December 16, 2016 to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 2, 2011 between Registrant and Aspen Partners Ltd. with respect to the Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund and the Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund.(55)

 

(20)Amendment dated August 16, 2018 to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 2, 2011 between Registrant and Aspen Partners Ltd. with respect to the Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund and the Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund.(66)

 

(21)Investment Advisory Agreement dated December 16, 2016 between Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund, Ltd. (a Cayman Islands exempted company) and Aspen Partners Ltd. with respect to the Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund.(55)

 

(22)Investment Advisory Agreement dated September 13, 2011 between Registrant and Grandeur Peak Global Advisors, LLC with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities and Grandeur Peak International Opportunities Funds.(22)

 

(23)Amendment dated May 1, 2013 to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated September 13, 2011 between Registrant and Grandeur Peak Global Advisors, LLC with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Reach Fund and Grandeur Peak Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund.(35)

 

(24)Amendment dated June 29, 2015 to Investment Advisory Agreement dated September 13, 2011 between Registrant and Grandeur Peak Global Advisors, LLC with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Stalwarts Fund, Grandeur Peak International Stalwarts Fund and Grandeur Peak Micro Cap Fund.(45)

 

(25)Investment Advisory Agreement dated December 29, 2011 between Registrant and Highland Associates, Inc. with respect to the Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund).(28)

 

(26)Amendment dated December 5, 2012 to Investment Advisory Agreement dated December 29, 2011 between Registrant and Highland Associates, Inc. with respect to the Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund).(34)

 

(27)Amendment dated August 15, 2018 to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated December 29, 2011 between Registrant and Highland Associates, Inc. with respect to the Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund).(66)

 

(28)Sub-Advisory Agreement dated August 31, 2016 by and between Registrant, Highland Associates, Inc. and Incline Global Management, LLC with respect to the Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund).(53)

 

 

 

(29)Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement dated January 25, 2017 among the Registrant, Highland Associates, Inc. and Chatham Asset Management, LLC with respect to the Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund).(58)

 

(30)Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 31, 2016 between Redmont Resolute (a Cayman Islands exempted company) and Highlands Associates, Inc. with respect to the Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund).(53)

 

(31)Investment Advisory Agreement dated January 30, 2012 between Registrant and Seafarer Capital Partners, LLC with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund.(26)

 

(32)Amendment dated June 10, 2014 to Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and Seafarer Capital Partners, LLC with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund.(41)

 

(33)Amendment dated April 15, 2016 to Investment Advisory Agreement dated January 30, 2012 between Registrant and Seafarer Capital Partners, LLC with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Value Fund.(51)

 

(34)Amendment dated August 31, 2016 to Investment Advisory Agreement dated January 30, 2012 between Registrant and Seafarer Capital Partners, LLC with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund and the Seafarer Overseas Value Fund.(53)

 

(35)Investment Advisory Agreement dated March 16, 2012 between Registrant and Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust with respect to the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund.(28)

 

(36)Amendment dated July 31, 2014 to Investment Advisory Agreement dated March 16, 2012 between Registrant and Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust with respect to the Emerald Insights Fund.(41)

 

(37)Amendment dated June 9, 2015 to Investment Advisory Agreement dated March 16, 2012 between Registrant and Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust with respect to the Emerald Small Cap Value Fund.(47)

 

(38)Investment Advisory Agreement dated March 23, 2017 between the Registrant and Rondure Global Advisors, LLC with respect to the Rondure New World Fund and Rondure Overseas Fund.(57)

 

(39)Investment Advisory Agreement dated February 12, 2018 between Registrant and Disciplined Growth Investors, Inc. with respect to The Disciplined Growth Investors Fund.(63)

 

(40)Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 29, 2018 between Registrant and Smith Capital Investors, LLC with respect to the ALPS/Smith Total Return Bond Fund and ALPS/Smith Short Term Bond Fund.(65)

 

 

 

(41)Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement dated June 29, 2018 among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc., and Smith Capital Investors, LLC with respect to the ALPS/Smith Total Return Bond Fund and ALPS/Smith Short Term Bond Fund.(65)

 

(e)

 

(1)Distribution Agreement dated April 16, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund), Clough China Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund), ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund, ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund and ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Value Fund.(66)

 

(2)Amendment dated April 16, 2018 to Distribution Agreement dated April 16, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund), Clough China Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund), ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund and ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund, ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Value Fund, ALPS/Smith Short Term Duration Bond Fund and ALPS/Smith Total Return Bond Fund.(66)

 

(3)Amendment dated April 27, 2018 to Distribution Agreement dated April 16, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund), Clough China Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund), ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund, ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Value Fund, ALPS/Smith Short Term Duration Bond Fund and ALPS/Smith Total Return Bond Fund.(66)

 

 

 

(4)Form of Selling Agreement between ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. and Broker/Dealer.(36)

 

(5)Form of Shareholder Servicing Agreement between ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. and servicing firm.(36)

 

(6)Form of Fund-SERV Agreement between ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. and servicing firm.(36)

 

(7)Form of Trust Networking Agreement between ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. and servicing firm.(36)

 

(8)Distribution Agreement dated April 16, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. with respect to the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund, Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund, The Disciplined Growth Investors Fund, Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Emerald Growth Fund, Emerald Insights Fund, Emerald Small Cap Value Fund, Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak International Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak Global Reach Fund, Grandeur Peak Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak Global Stalwarts Fund, Grandeur Peak International Stalwarts Fund, Grandeur Peak Global Micro Cap Fund, Highland Resolute Fund, Rondure New World Fund, Rondure Overseas Fund, Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund, Seafarer Overseas Value Fund, Vulcan Value Partners Fund and Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund.(66)

 

(9)Form of Selling Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and Broker/Dealer.(10)

 

(10)Form of Shareholder Servicing Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and servicing firm.(10)

 

(11)Form of Fund-SERV Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and servicing firm.(10)

 

(12)Form of Trust Networking Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and servicing firm.(10)

 

(f)None.

 

(g)

 

(1)Custody Agreement dated November 13, 2007 between Registrant and The Bank of New York with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund (f/k/a Listed Private Equity Fund).(5)

 

(2)Foreign Custody Manager Agreement dated November 13, 2007 between Registrant and The Bank of New York with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund (f/k/a Listed Private Equity Fund).(5)

 

 

 

(3)Amendment No. 2 dated December 30, 2009 to Custody Agreement between Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Funds.(16)

 

(4)Amendment No. 2 dated December 30, 2009 to Foreign Custody Manager Agreement between Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Funds.(16)

 

(5)Amendment dated February 14, 2011 to Custody Agreement dated November 13, 2007 between Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon with respect to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.(21)

 

(6)Amendment dated February 14, 2011 to Foreign Custody Manager Agreement dated November 13, 2007 between Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon with respect to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.(21)

 

(7)Global Custody Agreement dated December 26, 2012 between Registrant and MUFG Union Bank N.A. (f/k/a Union Bank N.A.) with respect to the ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund), Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund, The Disciplined Growth Investors Fund, Redmont Resolute Fund I, Redmont Resolute Fund II, Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund, Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Emerald Growth Fund, Pathway Advisors Aggressive Growth Fund, Pathway Advisors Aggressive Growth and Income Fund, Pathway Advisors Conservative Fund, Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities Fund and Grandeur Peak International Opportunities Fund.(48)

 

(8)Master Custodian Agreement dated June 1, 2013 between Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company with respect to certain series of the Trust.(39)

 

(9)Amendment dated December 9, 2013 to the Master Custodian Agreement dated June 1, 2013 relating to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund, Clough China Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund).(58)

 

(10)Amendment dated July 31, 2014 to Master Custodian Custody Agreement dated December 26, 2012 between Registrant and MUFG Union Bank N.A. (f/k/a Union Bank N.A.) with respect to the Emerald Insights Fund.(41)

 

(11)Amendment dated December 14, 2016 to Custodian Agreement dated December 26, 2012 between Registrant and MUFG Union Bank N.A. (f/k/a Union Bank N.A.) with respect to the Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund.(55)

 

 

 

(12)Custodian Agreement dated December 16, 2013 between Registrant and Brown Brothers Harriman & Co., with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak International Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak Global Reach Fund and Grandeur Peak Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund.(45)

 

(13)Amendment dated June 29, 2015 to Global Custody Agreement dated December 26, 2012 between Registrant and MUFG Union Bank N.A. (f/k/a Union Bank N.A.) with respect to the Emerald Small Cap Value Fund.(47)

 

(14)Amendment dated June 4, 2015 to Custodian Agreement dated December 16, 2013 between Registrant and Brown Brothers Harriman & Co., with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Stalwarts Fund, Grandeur Peak International Stalwarts Fund and Grandeur Peak Micro Cap Fund.(48)

 

(15)Amendment dated April 15, 2016 to Custodian Agreement dated December 16, 2013 between Registrant and Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Value Fund.(51)

 

(16)Amendment dated May 18, 2016 to Custodian Agreement dated December 16, 2013, between Registrant and Brown Brothers Harriman & Co., with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund.(53)

 

(17)Amendment dated March 14, 2017 to Custodian Agreement dated December 16, 2013 between Registrant and Brown Brothers Harriman & Co., with respect to the Rondure New World Fund and Rondure Overseas Fund.(18)

 

(18)Amendment dated June 29, 2018 to Master Custodian Agreement dated June 1, 2013 between Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company with respect to the ALPS/Smith Total Return Bond Fund and ALPS/Smith Short Term Bond Fund.(65)

 

(h)

 

(1)Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund (f/k/a Listed Private Equity Fund).(4)

 

(2)Amendment No. 2 dated August 31, 2009 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund (f/k/a Activa Value Fund).(16)

 

(3)Amendment No. 4 dated January 15, 2010 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Clough China Fund.(16)

 

(4)Amendment No. 5 dated March 9, 2010 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity (f/k/a Listed Private Equity Fund) and ALPS/WMC Research Value (f/k/a Activa Value Fund).(14)

 

 

 

(5)Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated December 30, 2009 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Funds.(16)

 

(6)Transfer Agency and Interactive Client Service Agreement dated December 30, 2009 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Funds.(16)

 

(7)Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated August 2, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund.(28)

 

(8)Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated July 13, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Disciplined Growth Investors Fund.(19)

 

(9)Transfer Agency and Service Agreement September 13, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities and Grandeur Peak International Opportunities Funds.(22)

 

(10)Amendment dated June 15, 2010 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund.(18)

 

(11)Amendment dated August 2, 2010 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund).(18)

 

(12)Amendment dated September 27, 2010 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund).(18)

 

(13)Amendment dated January 20, 2011 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.(17)

 

(14)Amendment dated August 31, 2012 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund).(28)

 

(15)Amendment dated May 21, 2018 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to Class A Shares of ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund), Clough China Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund), ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund and ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Fund).(64)

 

 

 

(16)Amendment dated June 29, 2018 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Smith Total Return Bond Fund and ALPS/Smith Short Term Bond Fund.(65)

 

(17)Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated December 29, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund).(28)

 

(18)Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated January 30, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund.(26)

 

(19)Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated March 16, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and Emerald Growth Fund.(23)

 

(20)Amendment dated July 31, 2014 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated March 16, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Insights Fund.(41)

 

(21)Amendment dated May 1, 2013 to Transfer Agency and Services Agreement dated September 13, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Reach Fund and Grandeur Peak Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund.(35)

 

(22)Amendment dated June 9, 2015 to Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated March 16, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Small Cap Value Fund.(51)

 

(23)Amendment dated June 29, 2015 to Transfer Agency and Services Agreement dated September 13, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Stalwarts Fund, Grandeur Peak International Stalwarts Fund and Grandeur Peak Micro Cap Fund.(45)

 

(24)Amendment dated August 2, 2105 to the Transfer Agency and Services Agreement dated August 2, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund.(58)

 

 

 

(25)Amendment dated April 15, 2016 to Transfer Agency and Services Agreement dated January 30, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Value Fund.(51)

 

(26)Amendment dated December 16, 2016 to Transfer Agency and Services Agreement dated August 2, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund.(55)

 

(27)Transfer Agency and Services Agreement dated March 23, 2017 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Rondure New World Fund and Rondure Overseas Fund. (57)

 

(28)Amendment dated January 29, 2016 to the Transfer Agency and Services Agreement dated December 29, 2011 between the Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund).(58)

 

(29)Amendment dated June 9, 2018 to the Transfer Agency and Services Agreement dated March 16, 2012 between the Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Emerald Growth Fund, Emerald Insights Fund and Emerald Small Cap Value Fund.(66)

 

(30)Amendment dated July 13, 2018 to the Transfer Agency and Services Agreement dated July 13, 2011 between the Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to The Disciplined Growth Investors Fund.(66)

 

(31)Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund (f/k/a Listed Private Equity Fund).(4)

 

(32)Amendment dated August 31, 2009 to Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund (f/k/a Activa Value Fund).(16)

 

(33)Amendment dated January 15, 2010 to Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Clough China Fund.(16)

 

(34)Amendment dated March 9, 2010 to Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity (f/k/a Listed Private Equity Fund) and ALPS/WMC Research Value (f/k/a Activa Value Fund).(16)

 

(35)Amendment dated June 15, 2010 to Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund.(18)

 

 

 

(36)Amendment dated August 2, 2010 to Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund).(18)

 

(37)Amendment dated September 27, 2010 to Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund).(18)

 

(38)Amendment dated January 20, 2011 to Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.(17)

 

(39)Amendment dated August 31, 2012 to Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund).(28)

 

(40)Amendment dated February 28, 2018 to Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund).(62)

 

(41)Amendment dated May 21, 2018 to Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to Class A Shares of ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund), Clough China Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund), ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund and ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Fund).(64)

 

(42)Amendment dated June 29, 2018 to Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Smith Total Return Bond Fund and ALPS/Smith Short Term Bond Fund.(65)

 

 

 

(43)Amendment dated April 30, 2018 to Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated October 1, 2007 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund), Clough China Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund), ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund, ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Value Fund, ALPS/Smith Total Return Bond Fund and ALPS/Smith Short Term Bond Fund.(66)

 

(44)Amendment dated May 1, 2013 to Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated September 13, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Reach Fund and Grandeur Peak Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund.(35)

 

(45)Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Agreement dated August 2, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund.(28)

 

(46)Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Agreement dated July 13, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Disciplined Growth Investors Fund.(28)

 

(47)Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Agreement dated September 13, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities and Grandeur Peak International Opportunities Funds.(22)

 

(48)Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Agreement dated December 29, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund).(28)

 

(49)Amendment dated March 31, 2013 to Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Agreement dated December 29, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund).(34)

 

(50)Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Agreement dated January 30, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund.(26)

 

 

 

(51)Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Agreement dated March 16, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund.(28)

 

(52)Amendment dated July 31, 2014 to Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated March 16, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Insights Fund.(41)

 

(53)Amendment dated June 9, 2015 to Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated March 16, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Small Cap Value Fund.(44)

 

(54)Amendment dated June 29, 2015 to Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Agreement dated September 11, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Stalwarts Fund, Grandeur Peak International Stalwarts Fund and Grandeur Peak Micro Cap Fund.(45)

 

(55)Amendment dated August 2, 2015 to Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Agreement dated August 2, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund.(58)

 

(56)Amendment dated April 15, 2016 to Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Agreement dated January 30, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Value Fund.(51)

 

(57)Amendment dated December 16, 2016 to Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Agreement dated August 2, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund.(55)

 

(58)Amendment dated January 29, 2016 to the Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Agreement dated December 29, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund).(58)

 

(59)Fund Accounting and Administration Agreement dated March 23, 2017 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Rondure New World Fund and Rondure Overseas Fund.(57)

 

(60)Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated December 30, 2009 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners Fund and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund.(66)

 

(61)Amendment dated March 14, 2018 to the Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated August 2, 2011 with respect to the between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund and the Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund.(66)

 

(62)Amendment dated March 14, 2018 to the Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated July 13, 2011 with respect to the between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to The Disciplined Growth Investors Fund.(66)

 

 

 

(63)Amendment dated March 14, 2018 to the Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated March 16, 2012 with respect to the between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Emerald Growth Fund, Emerald Insights Fund and Emerald Small Cap Value Fund.(66)

 

(64)Amendment dated March 14, 2018 to the Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated September 13, 2011 with respect to the between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities, Grandeur Peak International Opportunities, Grandeur Peak Global Reach Fund, Grandeur Peak Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak Global Stalwarts Fund, Grandeur Peak International Stalwarts Fund and Grandeur Peak Micro Cap Fund.(66)

 

(65)Amendment dated March 14, 2018 to the Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated December 29, 2011 with respect to the between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Highland Resolute Fund.(66)

 

(66)Amendment dated March 14, 2018 to the Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated March 23, 2017 with respect to the between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Rondure New World Fund and the Rondure Overseas Fund.(66)

 

(67)Amendment dated March 14, 2018 to the Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated January 30, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund and the Seafarer Overseas Value Fund.(66)

 

(68)Amendment dated March 14, 2018 to the Administration, Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement dated December 30, 2009 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners Fund and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund .(66)

 

(69)PFO Services Agreement dated December 30, 2009 among Registrant, ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and Vulcan Value Partners, LLC with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Funds.(16)

 

(70)Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated December 30, 2009 among Registrant, ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and Vulcan Value Partners, LLC with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Funds.(16)

 

(71)Amended and restated PFO Services Agreement dated December 13, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund.(28)

 

 

 

(72)Amended and Restated Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated December 13, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund.(28)

 

(73)PFO Services Agreement dated July 13, 2011 among Registrant, ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and Disciplined Growth Investors, Inc. with respect to the Disciplined Investors Growth Fund.(28)

 

(74)Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated July 13, 2011 among Registrant, ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and Disciplined Growth Investors, Inc. with respect to the Disciplined Investors Growth Fund.(28)

 

(75)Amended and Restated PFO Services Agreement dated December 13, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities and Grandeur Peak International Opportunities Funds.(28)

 

(76)Amended and Restated Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated December 13, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities and Grandeur Peak International Opportunities Funds.(28)

 

(77)PFO Services Agreement dated December 29, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund).(28)

 

(78)Amendment dated January 29, 2016 to the PFO Services Agreement dated December 29, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund).(51)

 

(79)Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated December 29, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund).(28)

 

(80)Amendment dated March 31, 2013 to Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated December 29, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund).(34)

 

(81)Amendment dated January 29, 2016 to Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated December 29, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund).(51)

 

(82)PFO Services Agreement dated March 16, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund.(28)

 

(83)Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated March 16, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and the Emerald Growth Fund.(28)

 

 

 

(84)Amendment dated July 31, 2014 to PFO Services Agreement dated March 16, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Insights Fund.(41)

 

(85)Amendment dated July 31, 2014 to Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated March 16, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Insights Fund.(41)

 

(86)Amendment dated June 9, 2015 to PFO Services Agreement dated March 16, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Small Cap Value Fund.(47)

 

(87)Amendment dated June 9, 2015 to Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated March 16, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Small Cap Value Fund.(47)

 

(88)Amendment dated May 1, 2013 to Amended and Restated Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated December 13, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Reach Fund and Grandeur Peak Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund.(35)

 

(89)Amendment dated May 1, 2013 to PFO Services Agreement dated December 13, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Reach Fund and Grandeur Peak Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund.(35)

 

(90)Amendment dated June 29, 2015 to Amended and Restated Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated September 11, 2013 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Stalwarts Fund, Grandeur Peak International Stalwarts Fund and Grandeur Peak Micro Cap Fund.(45)

 

(91)Amendment dated June 29, 2015 to PFO Services Agreement dated September 11, 2013 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Stalwarts Fund, Grandeur Peak International Stalwarts Fund and Grandeur Peak Micro Cap Fund.(45)

 

(92)Amended and Restated PFO Services Agreement effective January 1, 2016 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund and Seafarer Overseas Value Fund.(58)

 

(93)Amended and Restated Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated April 15, 2016 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Seafarer Growth and Income Fund and the Seafarer Overseas Value Fund.(51)

 

(94)Amendment dated December 16, 2016 to Amended and Restated PFO Services Agreement dated December 13, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund.(55)

 

 

 

(95)Amendment dated December 16, 2016 to Amended and Restated Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated December 13, 2011 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund.(55)

 

(96)Principal Financial Officer Agreement dated March 23, 2017 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Rondure New World Fund and Rondure Overseas Fund.(57)

 

(97)Chief Compliance Officer Agreement dated March 23, 2017 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Rondure New World Fund and Rondure Overseas Fund.(57)

 

(98)Amendment dated June 9, 2018 to Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated March 16, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Emerald Growth Fund, Emerald Insights Fund and Emerald Small Cap Value Fund.(66)

 

(99)Amendment dated July 13, 2018 to Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated March 16, 2012 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to The Disciplined Growth Investors Fund.(66)

 

(100)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated December 12, 2017 between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund.(62)

 

(101)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated May 21, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the Class A Shares of ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund.(64)

 

(102)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated May 21, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the Clough China Fund.(64)

 

(103)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated May 21, 2018 between Registrant and ALPS Advisors, Inc. with respect to the Class A Shares of Clough China Fund.(64)

 

(104)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated May 21, 2018 among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and Red Rocks Capital LLC with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund.(64)

 

(105)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated May 21, 2018 among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and Red Rocks Capital LLC with respect to the Class A Shares of ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund.(64)

 

(106)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated June 12, 2018 between Registrant and Vulcan Value Partners, LLC with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Funds.(66)

 

(107)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated May 21, 2018 among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and CoreCommodity Management, LLC with respect to the ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund.(64)

 

 

 

(108)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated May 21, 2018 among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and CoreCommodity Management, LLC with respect to the Class A Shares of ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund.(64)

 

(109)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated May 21, 2018 among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and Kotak Mahindra Asset Management (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. with respect to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.(64)

 

(110)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated May 21, 2018 among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and Kotak Mahindra Asset Management (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. with respect to the Class A Shares of ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.(64)

 

(111)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated June 12, 2018 between Registrant and Aspen Partners Ltd. with respect to the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund and Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund.(66)

 

(112)Transfer Agency Annual Account Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated December 12, 2017 between Registrant and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund.(62)

 

(113)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated June 12, 2018 between Registrant and Grandeur Peak Global Advisors, LLC with respect to the Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak International Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak Emerging Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak Global Reach Fund, Grandeur Peak Global Stalwarts Fund, Grandeur Peak International Stalwarts Fund and Grandeur Peak Global Micro Cap Fund.(66)

 

(114)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated August 15, 2018 between Registrant and Highland Associates, Inc. with respect to the Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund).(66)

 

(115)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated June 12, 2018 between Registrant and Seafarer Capital Partners, LLC with respect to the Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund and Seafarer Overseas Value Fund.(66)

 

(116)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated June 12, 2018 between Registrant and Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust with respect to the Emerald Growth Fund, Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Emerald Insights Fund and Emerald Small Cap Value Fund.(66)

 

(117)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated June 12, 2018 between Registrant and Rondure Global Advisors LLC with respect to the Rondure New World Fund and Rondure Overseas Fund.(66)

 

(118)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated March 12, 2018 among Registrant, ALPS Advisors, Inc. and Smith Capital Investors, LLC with respect to the ALPS/Smith Total Return Bond Fund and ALPS/Smith Short Term Bond Fund.(65)

 

 

 

(119)Fee Waiver Letter Agreement dated [_____, 2019] between Registrant and Vulcan Value Partners, LLC with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners and the Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Funds (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

 

(i)

 

(1)Opinion of Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP, counsel to Registrant, with respect to ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund, Clough China Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund), ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund, ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund and ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Fund).(62)

 

(2)Opinion of Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP, counsel to Registrant, with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners Fund, Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund, Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund, Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund, The Disciplined Growth Investors Fund, Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak International Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak Global Reach Fund, Grandeur Peak Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak Global Stalwarts Fund, Grandeur Peak International Stalwarts Fund and Grandeur Peak Micro Cap Fund, Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund ), Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund, Seafarer Overseas Value Fund, Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Emerald Growth Fund, Emerald Insights Fund, Emerald Small Cap Value Fund, Rondure Overseas Fund and Rondure New World Fund.(66)

 

(3)Opinion of Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP, counsel to Registrant, with respect to Class A Shares of ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund, Clough China Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund), ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund, and ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Fund).(64)

 

(4)Opinion of Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP, counsel to Registrant, with respect to the ALPS/Smith Total Return Bond Fund and ALPS/Smith Short Term Bond Fund.(65)

 

 

 

(5)Opinion of Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP, counsel to Registrant, with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners Fund and Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

 

(j)

 

(1)Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP, as Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, with respect to the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund, Clough China Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund), ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund, ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund and ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Fund).(62)

 

(2)Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP, as Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, with respect to Vulcan Value Partners Fund, Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund, Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund, Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund, The Disciplined Growth Investors, Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities, Grandeur Peak International Opportunities, Grandeur Peak Global Reach Fund, Grandeur Peak Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak Global Stalwarts Fund, Grandeur Peak International Stalwarts Fund and Grandeur Peak Micro Cap Fund, Redmont Resolute Fund (f/k/a Highland Resolute Fund), Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income, Seafarer Overseas Value Fund, Emerald Banking and Finance, Emerald Growth Fund, Emerald Insights Fund, Emerald Small Cap Value Fund, Rondure New World Fund and Rondure Overseas Fund.(66)

 

(3)Tax Opinion of Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP, counsel to Registrant, with respect to Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund).(53)

 

(4)Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP, as Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, with respect to the Class A Shares of ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund, Clough China Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund), ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund and ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Fund).(64)

 

 

 

(5)Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP, as Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, with respect to the Vulcan Value Partners Fund and Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

 

(k)None.

 

(l)Form of Share Purchase Agreement with respect to the Registrant.(14)

 

(m)

 

(1)Amended Distribution and Services Plan – ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund), Clough China Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund), ALPS/Kotak India Growth, ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Fund, ALPS/Smith Total Return Bond Fund and ALPS/Smith Short Term Bond Fund, Investor Class (f/k/a Class A).(65)

 

(2)Amended Distribution and Services Plan – ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund, Clough China Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund), ALPS/Kotak India Growth, ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Fund, ALPS/Smith Total Return Bond Fund and ALPS/Smith Short Term Bond Fund, Class C.(65)

 

(3)Amended Distribution and Services Plan – ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund), Clough China Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund), ALPS/Kotak India Growth, ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Fund, ALPS/Smith Total Return Bond Fund and ALPS/Smith Short Term Bond Fund, Class A.(65)

 

 

 

(4)Distribution and Services Plan – ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, Class R.(36)

 

(5)Distribution and Services Plan – RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), Investor Class II (f/k/a Investor Class).(62)

 

(6)Amended and Restated Shareholder Services Plan – ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, ALPS/Kotak India Growth, ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Fund, ALPS/Smith Total Return Bond Fund and ALPS/Smith Short Term Bond Fund, Investor Class (f/k/a Class A).(65)

 

(7)Amended Shareholder Services Plan – ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund), Clough China Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund), ALPS/Kotak India Growth, ALPS/Smith Total Return Bond Fund and ALPS/Smith Short Term Bond Fund, Class C.(65)

 

(8)Amended and Restated Shareholder Services Plan – ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, ALPS/Kotak India Growth, ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Fund, ALPS/Smith Total Return Bond Fund and ALPS/Smith Short Term Bond Fund, Class A.(65)

 

(9)Amended Distribution and Services Plan – Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund and Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund, Class A.(55)

 

(10)Amended Shareholder Services Plan – Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund and Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund, Class A.(55)

 

(11)Amended Distribution and Services Plan – Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak International Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak Global Reach Fund, Grandeur Peak Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak Global Stalwarts Fund, Grandeur Peak International Stalwarts Fund and Grandeur Peak Micro Cap Fund, Investor Class.(45)

 

(12)Amended and Restated Shareholder Services Plan – Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund and Seafarer Overseas Value Fund, Investor Class.(51)

 

(13)Amended and Restated Shareholder Services Plan – Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund and Seafarer Overseas Value Fund, Institutional Class.(51)

 

(14)Distribution and Services Plan – Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Class A.(23)

 

 

 

(15)Distribution and Services Plan – Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Class C.(23)

 

(16)Distribution and Services Plan – Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Investor Class.(23)

 

(17)Distribution and Services Plan – Emerald Growth Fund, Class A.(23)

 

(18)Distribution and Services Plan – Emerald Growth Fund, Class C.(23)

 

(19)Distribution and Services Plan – Emerald Growth Fund, Investor Class.(23)

 

(20)Distribution and Services Plan – Emerald Insights Fund, Class A.(41)

 

(21)Distribution and Services Plan – Emerald Insights Fund, Class C. (41)

 

(22)Distribution and Services Plan – Emerald Insights Fund, Investor Class.(41)

 

(23)Distribution and Services Plan – Emerald Small Cap Value Fund, Class A.(47)

 

(24)Distribution and Services Plan – Emerald Small Cap Value Fund, Class C.(47)

 

(25)Distribution and Services Plan – Emerald Small Cap Value Fund, Investor Class.(47)

 

(26)Shareholder Services Plan – Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Class C.(23)

 

(27)Amended and Restated Shareholder Services Plan – Emerald Growth Fund, Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and Emerald Insights Fund, Institutional Class.(51)

 

(28)Amended and Restated Shareholder Services Plan – Emerald Growth Fund, Emerald Banking and Finance Fund and Emerald Insights Fund, Investor Class.(51)

 

(29)Shareholder Services Plan – Emerald Growth Fund, Class C.(23)

 

(30)Shareholder Services Plan – Emerald Insights Fund, Class C.(41)

 

(31)Shareholder Services Plan – Emerald Small Cap Value Fund, Class C.(47)

 

(32)Distribution and Services Plan – ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Fund), Class C.(51)

 

(33)Distribution and Services Plan – Rondure New World Fund and Rondure Overseas Fund, Investor Class.(57)

 

(34)Shareholder Services Plan – Highland Resolute Fund, Class I.(61)

 

(n)

 

(1)Amended Rule 18f-3 Plan – ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Research Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund), Clough China Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, RiverFront Asset Allocation Aggressive (f/k/a RiverFront Global Growth Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Global Allocation Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Growth & Income (f/k/a RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund), RiverFront Asset Allocation Moderate (f/k/a RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund) and RiverFront Asset Allocation Income & Growth (f/k/a RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund), ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund, ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Value Fund (f/k/a ALPS/Metis Global Micro Cap Fund, ALPS/Smith Total Return Bond Fund and ALPS/Smith Short Term Bond Fund.(65)

 

 

 

(2)Amended Rule 18f-3 Plan – Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund and Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund.(55)

 

(3)Amended Rule 18f-3 Plan – Grandeur Peak Global Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak International Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak Global Reach Fund, Grandeur Peak Emerging Markets Opportunities Fund, Grandeur Peak Global Stalwarts Fund, Grandeur Peak International Stalwarts Fund and Grandeur Peak Micro Cap Fund.(45)

 

(4)Amended Rule 18f-3 Plan – Seafarer Overseas Growth and Income Fund and Seafarer Overseas Value Fund.(51)

 

(5)Amended Rule 18f-3 Plan – Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Emerald Growth Fund and Emerald Insights Fund.(41)

 

(6)Amended Rule 18f-3 Plan – Emerald Banking and Finance Fund, Emerald Growth Fund, Emerald Insights Fund and Emerald Small Cap Value Fund.(47)

 

(7)Rule 18f-3 Plan – Rondure New World Fund and Rondure Overseas Fund.(57)

 

(8)Rule 18f-3 Plan – Vulcan Value Partners Fund and Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund (to be filed by subsequent amendment).

 

(o)Reserved.

 

(p)

 

(1)Code of Ethics for Registrant, revised as of March 13, 2006.(2)

 

(2)Code of Ethics for ALPS Holdings, Inc. (includes ALPS Advisors, Inc. and ALPS Distributors, Inc., each a subsidiary of ALPS Holdings, Inc.) revised as of July 1, 2017.(59)

 

(3)Code of Ethics for Red Rocks Capital LLC as of December 31, 2008, as amended.(6)

 

(4)Code of Ethics for Wellington Management Company, LLP as of April 30, 2017.(62)

 

(5)Code of Ethics for Clough Capital Partners LP as of May 2, 2007.(7)

 

(6)Code of Ethics for Vulcan Value Partners, LLC as of October 15, 2009.(11)

 

 

 

(7)Code of Ethics for CoreCommodity Management, LLC.(12)

 

(8)Code of Ethics for RiverFront Investment Group, LLC.(61)

 

(9)Code of Ethics for Aspen Partners Ltd.(20)

 

(10)Code of Ethics for Disciplined Growth Investors, Inc.(19)

 

(11)Code of Ethics for Grandeur Peak Global Advisors, LLC.(22)

 

(12)Code of Ethics for Highland Associates, Inc.(25)

 

(13)Code of Ethics for Seafarer Capital Partners, LLC.(61)

 

(14)Code of Ethics for Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust.(23)

 

(15)Code of Ethics for Incline Global Management, LLC.(55)

 

(16)Code of Ethics for Rondure Global Advisors LLC.(57)

 

(17)Code of Ethics for Chatham Asset Management, LLC.(58)

 

(18)Code of Ethics for Kotak Mahindra Asset Management (Singapore) PTE LTD.(59)

 

(19)Code of Ethics for Smith Capital Investors, LLC.(65)

 

(q)

 

(1)Power of Attorney dated December 13, 2016.(55)

 

 

 

(1)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 7 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 28, 1997.

(2)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 30 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 28, 2006.

(3)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 32 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on September 5, 2007.

(4)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 33 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on November 20, 2007.

(5)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on May 6, 2008.

(6)Incorporated by reference to the Form N-14 Registration Statement filed by the Registrant on June 12, 2009.

(7)Incorporated by reference to the Form N-14 Registration Statement filed by the Registrant on August 20, 2009.

(8)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 40 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 28, 2009.

(9)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 41 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on September 29, 2009.

 

 

 

(10)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 43 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on October 13, 2009.

(11)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 46 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on December 29, 2009.

(12)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on June 15, 2010.

(13)Incorporated by reference to the Form N-14 Registration Statement filed by the Registrant on June 25, 2010.

(14)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 57 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on June 30, 2010.

(15)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 59 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on July 30, 2010.

(16)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 62 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 30, 2010.

(17)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on January 28, 2011.

(18)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on April 29, 2011.

(19)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 75 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on July 13, 2011.

(20)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 77 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 1, 2011.

(21)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 80 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 29, 2011.

(22)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 82 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on September 22, 2011.

(23)Incorporated by reference to the Form N-14 Registration Statement filed by the Registrant on December 23, 2011.

(25)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on December 29, 2011.

(26)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 90 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on January 30, 2012.

(27)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 97 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on July 24, 2012.

(28)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 28, 2012.

(29)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 102 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on October 5, 2012.

(30)Incorporated by reference to the Form N-14 Registration Statement filed by the Registrant on November 19, 2012.

(31)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 104 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on November 29, 2012.

(32)Incorporated by reference to the Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Registrant’s Form N-14 Registration Statement filed by the Registrant on December 19, 2012.

(33)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 107 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on December 28, 2012.

 

 

 

(34)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on March 29, 2013.

(35)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 113 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on May 1, 2013.

(36)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 114 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on May 15, 2013.

(37)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 118 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 28, 2013.

(38)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 125 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on November 27, 2013.

(39)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 127 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on December 19, 2013.

(40)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 131 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on June 30, 2014.

(41)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 134 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on July 30, 2014.

(42)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 28, 2014.

(43)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 139 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on February 27, 2015.

(44)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 146 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on June 9, 2015.

(45)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 148 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on June 29, 2015.

(46)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 150 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on July 10, 2015.

(47)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 155 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 28, 2015.

(48)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 162 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on December 29, 2015.

(49)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 165 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on January 28, 2016.

(50)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 168 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on February 26, 2016.

(51)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 174 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on April 15, 2016.

(52)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 176 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on June 29, 2016.

(53)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 177 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 29, 2016.

(54)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 179 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on September 19, 2016.

(55)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 182 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on December 27, 2016.

(56)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 186 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on February 28, 2017.

 

 

 

(57)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 191 to Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on March 23, 2017.

(58)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 194 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on May 10, 2017.

(59)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 196 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on July 21, 2017.

(60)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 197 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 28, 2017.

(61)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 205 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on December 29, 2017.

(62)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 206 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on February 28, 2018.

(63)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 208 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on March 20, 2018.

(64)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 213 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on June 12, 2018.

(65)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 215 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on June 29, 2018.

(66)Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 218 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 28, 2018.

 

Item 29.Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with the Registrant.

 

ALPS/CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund a series of the Registrant, wholly owns and controls CoreCommodity Management Cayman Commodity Fund Ltd. (the “Subsidiary”), an exempt company organized under the laws of Cayman Islands. The Subsidiary’s financial statements will be included on a consolidated basis in the ALPS/CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders.

 

ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund, a series of the Registrant, wholly owns and controls India Premier Equity Portfolio (the “Subsidiary”), a company organized under the laws of Mauritius. The Subsidiary’s financial statements will be included on a consolidated basis in the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders.

 

Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund, a series of the Registrant, wholly owns and controls Aspen Futures Fund, Ltd. (the “Subsidiary”), an exempt company organized under the laws of Cayman Islands. The Subsidiary’s financial statements will be included on a consolidated basis in the Aspen Managed Futures Strategy Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders.

 

Highland Resolute Fund (f/k/a Redmont Resolute Fund), a series of the Registrant, wholly owns and controls Highland Resolute (the “Subsidiary”) (f/k/a Redmont Resolute), an exempt company organized under the laws of Cayman Islands. The Subsidiary’s financial statements will be included on a consolidated basis in the Highland Resolute Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders.

 

 

 

Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund, a series of the Registrant, wholly owns and controls Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund, Ltd. (the “Subsidiary”), an exempt company organized under the laws of Cayman Islands. The Subsidiary’s financial statements will be included on a consolidated basis in the Aspen Portfolio Strategy Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders.

 

Item 30.Indemnification.

 

As permitted by Section 17(h) and (i) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), and pursuant to Article X of the Registrant’s Trust Instrument (Exhibit (a)(1) and (a)(2) to the Registration Statement), Section 1.10 of the Distribution Agreement (Exhibit I(1) to the Registration Statement) and Section 15 of the Distribution Agreement (Exhibit I(6) to the Registration Statement), officers, trustees, employees and agents of the Registrant will not be liable to the Registrant, any shareholder, officer, trustee, employee, agent or other person for any action or failure to act, except for bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of duties, and those individuals may be indemnified against liabilities in connection with the Registrant, subject to the same exceptions.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant understands that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

The Registrant has purchased an insurance policy insuring its officers and trustees against liabilities, and certain costs of defending claims against such officers and trustees, to the extent such officers and trustees are not found to have committed conduct constituting willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard in the performance of their duties. The insurance policy also insures the Registrant against the cost of indemnification payments to officers under certain circumstances.

 

The Registrant hereby undertakes that it will apply the indemnification provisions of its Declaration of Trust and Distribution Agreements in a manner consistent with Release No. 11330 of the Securities and Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act so long as the interpretations of Section 17(h) and 17(i) of such Act remain in effect and are consistently applied.

 

 

 

Item 31.Business and Other Connections of Investment Advisers and SubAdvisers.

 

ALPS ADVISORS, INC.

 

Name*

Position with ALPS
Advisors, Inc.
Other Business
Connections

Type of Business

Edmund J. Burke President, Director

See Trustee and Officer Table in SAI

Fund Servicing
Jeremy O. May Executive Vice President, Director President and Director, ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and ALPS Distributors, Inc., Executive Vice President and Director, ALPS Holdings, Inc., and Director, ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. Fund Servicing
Bradley J. Swenson Senior Vice President Senior Vice President and CCO, ALPS Holdings, Inc., ALPS Distributors, Inc., and ALPS Fund Services, Inc., and Senior Vice President of ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. Fund Servicing
Robert J. Szydlowski Senior Vice President, Chief Technology Officer Senior Vice President, Chief Technology Officer, ALPS Holdings, Inc., ALPS Distributors, Inc., ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. Fund Servicing
Eric T. Parsons Vice President, Controller, Assistant Treasurer Vice President, Corporate Controller, ALPS Holdings, Inc., and Vice President, Controller, Assistant Treasurer ALPS Distributors, Inc., ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. Fund Servicing
Joseph J. Frank** ** Secretary Secretary, ALPS Holdings, Inc., ALPS Distributors, Inc., ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc., ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and Red Rocks Capital LLC. Fund Servicing

 

 

 

Douglas W. Fleming** Assistant Treasurer Assistant Treasurer, ALPS Holdings, Inc., ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc., ALPS Distributors, Inc., ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and Red Rocks Capital LLC. Fund Servicing
Patrick J. Pedonti** Vice President, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary Vice President, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary, ALPS Holdings, Inc., ALPS Distributors, Inc., ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc., ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and Red Rocks Capital LLC. Fund Servicing
Jeremy Held Senior Vice President, Director of Research Senior Vice President, Red Rocks Capital LLC. Not Applicable
William R. Parmentier, Jr. Senior Vice President, Chief Investment Officer Not Applicable Not Applicable
Erin D. Nelson Senior Vice President, Chief Compliance Officer Chief Compliance Officer, Red Rocks Capital LLC. Fund Servicing
Richard C. Noyes Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Assistant Secretary Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Assistant Secretary, ALPS Holdings, Inc., ALPS Distributors, Inc., ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc., ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and Red Rocks Capital, LLC. Fund Servicing
Mark T. Haley Vice President Not Applicable Not Applicable
Wyck Brown Senior Vice President Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager of Red Rocks Capital, LLC Fund Servicing
Dennis P. Emanuel Director of ETF and Closed-End Fund Strategy Not Applicable Not Applicable
Sareena Khwaja-Dixon Vice President, Senior Counsel See Trustee and Officer Table in SAI Fund Servicing
Andrea E. Kuchli Vice President, Senior Counsel Vice President, Senior Counsel, ALPS Fund Services, Inc. Fund Servicing
Ryan Mischker Vice President, Portfolio Management and Research Not Applicable Not Applicable

 

 

 

Andy Hicks Vice President, Index Management Not Applicable Not Applicable
Hilary Quinn Vice President Vice President, ALPS Distributors, Inc., ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. Fund Servicing
Jennifer Craig Assistant Vice President

See Trustee and Officer Table in SAI

Fund Servicing

 

*Except as otherwise noted, the principal business address for each of the above directors and executive officers is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203.
**The principal business address for Messrs. Frank, Fleming and Pedonti is 333 W. 11th Street, 5th Floor, Kansas City, Missouri 64105.

 

RED ROCKS CAPITAL LLC

 

Name*

Position with Red Rocks
Capital LLC

Other Business

Connections

Type of Business

Edmund J. Burke Manager See Trustee and Officer Table in SAI Not Applicable
Patrick J. Pedonti Vice President, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary Vice President, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary, ALPS Holdings, Inc., ALPS Distributors, Inc., ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc., ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and ALPS Advisors, Inc. Not Applicable
Joseph J. Frank Secretary Secretary, ALPS Holdings, Inc., ALPS Distributors, Inc., ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc., ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and ALPS Advisors, Inc. Not Applicable
Jeremy Held Senior Vice President Senior Vice President, Director of Research, ALPS Advisors, Inc. Not Applicable
Douglas W. Fleming Assistant Treasurer Assistant Treasurer, ALPS Advisors, Inc., ALPS Holdings, Inc., ALPS Distributors, Inc., ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc., ALPS Fund Services, Inc. Not Applicable

 

 

 

Richard C. Noyes Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Assistant Secretary Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Assistant Secretary, ALPS Holdings, Inc., ALPS Distributors, Inc., ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. and ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and ALPS Advisors, Inc. Not Applicable
Wyck Brown Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager Senior Vice President, ALPS Advisors, Inc. Not Applicable
Erin Nelson Chief Compliance Officer Senior Vice President, Chief Compliance Officer, ALPS Advisors, Inc. Not Applicable
Glenn Dreiling Vice President, Operations None Not Applicable
Richard Baker Vice President, Marketing & Business Development None Not Applicable
Kirk McCown Vice President, Portfolio Manager None Not Applicable
Andrew Drummond Vice President, Portfolio Manager None Not Applicable

 

*The principal business address for each of the Red Rocks Capital LLC representatives is: 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203.

 

WELLINGTON MANAGEMENT COMPANY LLP

 

Business And Other Connections Of Officers And Directors Of Registrant’s Investment Subadviser, Wellington Management Company LLP (“Wellington Management”).

 

The principal business address of Wellington Management Company LLP is 280 Congress Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02210. Wellington Management Company LLP is an investment adviser registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. During the last two fiscal years, no partner of Wellington Management Company LLP, the Fund’s investment sub-adviser, has engaged in any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature other than that of the business of investment management.

 

CLOUGH CAPITAL PARTNERS, LP

 

Name*

Position with Clough
Capital Partners LP

Other Business

Connections

Type of

Business

Charles I. Clough, Jr. Partner, Chief Executive Officer, Portfolio Manager Not Applicable Not Applicable

Daniel J. Gillis

Chief Compliance Officer Not Applicable Not Applicable
Stephen Shorey Chief Operating Officer/Chief Financial Officer Not Applicable Not Applicable

 

 

 

*The principal business address for each of the Clough Capital Partners LP representatives is: One Post Office Square, 40th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02109.

 

VULCAN VALUE PARTNERS LLC

 

Name*

Position with Vulcan
Value Partners

Other Business

Connections

Type of

Business

C.T. Fitzpatrick Chief Executive Officer, Chief Investment Officer

Current – Chairman of the Board, Green Co. (Montgomery, Alabama)

Real Estate
Bruce Donnellan Principal

Former – Acquisition Manager, Southern Power Company (Birmingham, Alabama)

Public Utility
Adam McClain

Principal /

President

Former – First Vice President, Private Wealth Management Group, Sun Trust Bank (Memphis, Tennessee)

Financial Services
Hampton McFadden

Principal

 

 

 

Former – Director of Republic Capital Access (Washington D.C.), Co-Founder, CEO, and General Counsel of Republic Capital Access (Washington D.C.)

Financial Services
Richard Davis

Principal/

Chief Operating Officer/

Chief Financial Officer

Former - Harbert Management Corporation (Birmingham, AL) Financial Services

 

*The principal business address for each of the Vulcan Value Partners, LLC representatives is: 2801 Highway 280 South, Suite 300, Birmingham, AL 35223.

 

CORECOMMODITY MANAGEMENT, LLC

 

Name*

Position with
CoreCommodity
Management, LLC

Other Business

Connections

Type of

Business

Adam C. De Chiara Founder, Co-President & Portfolio Manager

Founder & Co-President

CoreManagement, LLC

Founder & Co-President

CoreCommodity Capital, LLC

Founder & Co-President

CoreCommodity Indexes, LLC

Management company

 

Holding Company

 

Index Licensor

Bradford L. Klein Founder & Co-President

Founder & Co-President

CoreManagement, LLC

Founder & Co-President

CoreCommodity Capital, LLC

Founder & Co-President

CoreCommodity Indexes, LLC

Management Company

 

Holding Company

 

Index Licensor

 

 

 

Andrew R. Kaplan Partner, Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer, Chief Legal Officer & Secretary

Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer, Chief Legal Officer & Secretary

CoreManagement, LLC

Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer, Chief Legal Officer & Secretary

CoreCommodity Capital, LLC

Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer, Chief Legal Officer & Secretary

CoreCommodity Indexes, LLC

Management Company

 

 

 

Holding Company

 

 

 

Index Licensor

Todd A. Streichler Managing Director, Finance & Director of Finance

Managing Director, Finance & Director of Finance

CoreCommodity Capital, LLC

Managing Director, Finance & Director of Finance

CoreCommodity Indexes, LLC

Holding Company

 

 

Index Licensor

Michael S. Kaplan Managing Director, Operations & Director of Operations

Managing Director, Operations & Director of Operations

CoreCommodity Capital

Managing Director, Operations & Director of Operations

CoreCommodity Indexes, LLC

Holding Company

 

 

Index Licensor

Michael S. Sheehy Senior Vice President & Chief Compliance Officer

Senior Vice President & Chief Compliance Officer

CoreCommodity Capital, LLC

Senior Vice President & Chief Compliance Officer

CoreCommodity Indexes, LLC

Holding Company

 

 

Index Licensor

 

*The principal business address for each of the CoreCommodity Management, LLC representatives is: 680 Washington Boulevard, 11th Floor, Stamford, Connecticut 06901.

 

 

 

RIVERFRONT INVESTMENT GROUP, LLC

 

Name*

Position with RiverFront
Investment Group, LLC

Other Business 

Connections 

Type of 

Business 

Paul Michael Jones, CFA Chairman & President and CEO of RiverShares Division Board member - Riverside School. Riverside School is a local private school targeting dyslexia. Private school
Rod Smyth Director of Investments

Virginia Retirement System (VRS) – Chairman, Investment Advisory Committee

Deep Run Hunt Club: Joint Master of Foxhounds of Deep Run Hunt Club

1804 Grove Avenue: LLC set up to hold rental property. Compensation received from rental income

Financial Services 

 

 

Private organization 

 

 Private LLC 

Doug Sandler, CFA Global Strategist Consultant to Trolley Fund: Trolley Fund is a private fund that will invest/provide capital for private small start-up companies (no public entities) in the Richmond area, Doug is part of an advisory committee that will provide advice to the owners/management of the businesses that the fund is invested in. Private Fund
Peter J. Quinn, Jr. President & Chief Executive Officer Mr. Mac Foundation Private Non-profit organization
Karrie Southall, CIPM Chief Operating Officer

Women in ETFs- Co-Head of Global Finance and Operations Committee and Co-Treasurer for the Global Governance Board and WE Inc. 

St. Catherine’s School Alumni Board 

Non-profit industry organization

 

 

 

Private School

Timothy Anderson, CFA Global Fixed Income CIO None N/A
Julie Gibbs Chief Compliance Officer NA N/A
Adam Grossman, CFA Global Equity CIO Board of Directors - Redeemer Lutheran Church Non profit organization
William Ryder, CFA, CMT Director of Quantitative Market Strategy None N/A

 

 

 

Chris Konstantinos, CFA Chief Investment Strategist

Memorial Fund Board Treasurer. Board reviews the investment policy and investment strategy of the endowment for Children’s Home Society, a non-profit charity in central VA that attempts to permanently place at risk children in loving homes. 

Glowkon Properties, LLC – private company for real estate rental properties 

Non profit organization

 

 

 

 

 

 

Private LCC

 

Kevin Nicholson, CFA Chief Market Strategist, COO RiverShares Division

Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Foundation/Investment Committee Member-Review 3rd party money manager performance and style as a member of the investment committee. 

Mega Mentors/ Assistant Treasurer/Development Committee Member-Track financials and assists with finding new funding sources. 

Non profit organization

 

 

 

 

 

Non profit organization

 

Deva Meenakshisundaram, FRM Chief of Quantitative Analytics None NA
Rebecca Felton Chief Risk Officer None N/A
Rob Glownia, CFA CPA Fixed Income Portfolio Manager

Board member for The Richmond Community ToolBank 

ETF. Com Awards Selection Committee 

Non profit organization

 

Scott Hays Quantitative Portfolio Manager Magnolia Realty Solutions Private LLE

 

*The principal business address for each of the RiverFront representatives is: 1214 East Cary Street, Richmond, VA 23219.

 

 

 

Kotak MAhindra ASSET MANAGEMENT (SINGAPORE) PTE Ltd. 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS

 

Name*

Position with Kotak-Mahindra Other Business
Connections

Type of Business

Nitin Jain Director & CEO, Kotak Mahindra Asset Management (Singapore) Pte Ltd. Not Applicable Not Applicable

 

*The principal business address for Kotak Mahindra Asset Management (Singapore) Pte Ltd. is: 16 Raffles Quay, #35-02 Hong Leong Building, Singapore 048581.

 

ASPEN PARTNERS, LTD.

 

Name* Position with Aspen
Partners, Ltd.
Other Business Connections Type of Business
Bryan R. Fisher Managing Partner None N/A
William Ware Bush Partner None N/A
Nathan Dutzmann Partner & Senior Financial Engineer    
Howard Landers Chief Compliance Officer None N/A
Deborah Terry Chief Financial Officer None N/A

 

*The principal business address for each of the Aspen Partners Ltd. representatives is: 9 East Franklin Street, Richmond, VA 23219.

 

DISCIPLINED GROWTH INVESTORS INC.

 

Name* Position with Disciplined
Investors, Inc.
Other Business Connections Type of Business
Fred Martin Director and President

Compass Investors LP – Special Limited Partner

Financial Services 

    Navigator Investors, LP – Managing General Partner Financial Services
Rob Nicoski Portfolio Manager None N/A
Scott Link Portfolio Manager None N/A

 

*The principal business address for each of Disciplined Growth Investors, Inc. representatives is: Fifth Street Towers, Suite 2550, 150 South Fifth Street, Minneapolis, MN 55402.

 

 

 

GRANDEUR PEAK GLOBAL ADVISORS, LLC

 

Name*

Position with Grandeur
Peak Global Advisors,
LLC

Other Business 

Connections

Type of 

Business 

Robert Thatcher Gardiner Chairman, Director

Manager 

Gardiner Investments, LLC 

4247 Camille St. 

Salt Lake City, UT 84124

 

Director (“Board of Managers”) 

Gardiner Properties, LLC
1075 East 2100 South
Salt Lake City, Utah 84106

 

Director 

Animal Reference Pathology 

525 E 4500 S #200 

Salt Lake City, UT 84107

Investment holding company

 

 

 

 

Real estate development company

 

  

 

 

Veterinary lab testing

 

Blake Harold Walker Chief Executive Officer, Director

Chairman, Director 

Rondure Global Advisors, LLC 

136 S Main St, Suite 720 

Salt Lake City, UT 84101

Registered Investment Adviser
Eric W. Huefner President, Chief Operating Officer, Chief Compliance Officer, Director

Chief Compliance Officer, Director 

Rondure Global Advisors, LLC 

136 S Main St, Suite 720 

Salt Lake City, UT 84101 

Registered Investment Adviser

 

*The principal business address for each of Grandeur Peak Global Advisors, LLC representatives is: 136 S. Main Street, Suite 720, Salt Lake City, Utah 84101.

 

HIGHLAND ASSOCIATES, INC.

 

Name*

Position with Highland
Associates, Inc.

Other Business 

Connections 

Type of 

Business 

William A. Terry

 

Founder and Partner

Protective Life Corporation (Birmingham, AL) 

Highland Information Services, Inc. (Birmingham, AL)

Insurance 

 

Investments 

Charles D. Perry, Jr. Founder and Partner

Highland Strategies, LLC (Birmingham, AL) 

Highland Information Services, Inc. (Birmingham, AL)

Investments 

 

Investments 

Jack W. Echols, III President & Chief Executive Officer N/A N/A

 

 

 

Susan L. Padgett Shareholder N/A N/A
R. Scott Graham Chief Investment Officer, Managing Director and Shareholder N/A N/A
Michael T. Lytle Managing Director and Shareholder N/A N/A
Paige B. Daniel Managing Director and Shareholder N/A N/A
Hunter W. Craig Director of Manager Research and Shareholder N/A N/A
J. Michael Thomas Director and Shareholder N/A N/A
Scott W. Sealock Vice President and Shareholder N/A N/A

 

*The principal business address for each of the Highland Associates, Inc. representatives is: 2545 Highland Ave. South, Suite 200 Birmingham, AL 35205-2478.

 

SEAFARER CAPITAL PARTNERS, LLC

 

Name*

Position with Seafarer
Capital Partners, LLC

Other Business 

Connections

Type of 

Business 

Andrew Foster

Chief Executive Officer, 

Chief Investment Officer, Portfolio Manager 

N/A N/A

Michelle Foster

President N/A N/A

David Lenik

Compliance Officer N/A N/A

Paul Espinosa

Portfolio Manager N/A N/A

 

*The principal business address for each of the Seafarer Capital Partners, LLC representatives is 1100 Larkspur Landing Circle, Suite 375, Larkspur, CA 94939.

 

EMERALD MUTUAL FUNDS ADVISERS TRUST

 

Name*

Position with Emerald
Mutual Funds  

Advisers Trust

Other Business 

Connections

Type of 

Business

Kenneth Mertz

President, Chief Investment Officer and Portfolio Manager 

President, Portfolio Manager (since 1/1/92) 

Emerald Advisers, LLC. 

3175 Oregon Pike 

Leola, PA 17540

Investment adviser

Daniel Moyer

Executive Vice President

Executive Vice President, Managing Director (since 10/1/1992) and Assistant Secretary 

Emerald Advisers, LLC. 

3175 Oregon Pike 

Leola, PA 17540 

Investment adviser

 

 

 

Name*

Position with Emerald
Mutual Funds  

Advisers Trust

Other Business 

Connections

Type of 

Business

   

Managing Director (since 8/7/2009), Secretary and Treasurer 

Emerald Separate Account Management, LLC 

3175 Oregon Pike 

Leola, PA 17540

 

Executive Vice President, Secretary and Treasurer 

Emerald Asset Management PA, LLC. 

3175 Oregon Pike 

Leola, PA 17540

 

Executive Vice President 

Emerald Direct Lending Advisers, LLC 

3175 Oregon Pike 

Leola, PA 17540

Investment adviser

 

 

 

 

 

Holding company

 

 

 

 

 

Investment adviser

James Meehan

 

Chief Compliance Officer

 

Chief Compliance Officer (since 5/1/2009) 

Emerald Advisers, LLC. 

3175 Oregon Pike 

Leola, PA 17540

 

Chief Compliance Officer (since 8/7/2009) 

Emerald Separate Account Management, LLC 

3175 Oregon Pike 

Leola, PA 17540

 

Chief Compliance Officer (since 9/30/2015) 

EmStone Advisers, LLC 

3175 Oregon Pike 

Leola, PA 17540 

Investment adviser

 

 

 

 

Investment adviser

 

 

 

 

Investment adviser

 

Stacy Sears

 

Senior Vice President, Secretary and Portfolio Manager

 

Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager (since 10/1/1992) 

Emerald Advisers, LLC. 

3175 Oregon Pike 

Leola, PA 17540

Investment adviser

 

Steven Russell, Esq.

Portfolio Manager, Emerald Banking and Finance Fund

 

Senior Research Analyst, 

Emerald Advisers, LLC. 

3175 Oregon Pike 

Leola, PA 17540

Investment adviser

 

 

 

 

 

Name*

Position with Emerald
Mutual Funds  

Advisers Trust

Other Business 

Connections

Type of 

Business

   

Portfolio Manager 

Emerald Direct Lending Advisers, LLC 

3175 Oregon Pike 

Leola, PA 17540

 

Portfolio Manager 

EmStone Advisers, LLC 

3175 Oregon Pike 

Leola, PA 17540

Investment adviser

 

 

 

 

Investment adviser

 

Joseph Garner

Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager, Emerald Growth Fund

 

Associate Portfolio Manager, 

Emerald Insights Fund

 

Vice President 

Emerald Advisers, LLC. 

3175 Oregon Pike 

Leola, PA 17540

 

Assistant Secretary 

Emerald Asset Management, Inc. 

3175 Oregon Pike 

Leola, PA 17540

Investment adviser

 

 

 

 

Holding company

David Volpe, CFA

Portfolio Manager, 

Emerald Insights Fund

 

Deputy Chief Investment Officer, Portfolio Manager, Managing Director 

Emerald Advisers, LLC. 

3175 Oregon Pike 

Leola, PA 17540

Investment adviser

 

Stephen Amsterdam

Associate Portfolio Manager, 

Emerald Insights Fund

Senior Research Analyst, Associate Portfolio Manager 

Emerald Advisers, LLC. 

3175 Oregon Pike 

Leola, PA 17540

Investment adviser

 

Joseph Hovorka

Associate Portfolio Manager, 

Emerald Insights Fund

 

Senior Research Analyst, Associate Portfolio Manager 

Emerald Advisers, LLC 

3175 Oregon Pike 

Leola, PA 17540

Investment adviser

 

Ori Elan Portfolio Manager, Emerald Small Cap Value Fund

Portfolio Manager 

Emerald Advisers, LLC. 

3175 Oregon Pike 

Leola, PA 17540

Investment adviser

 

*The principal business address for each of the Emerald Mutual Funds Advisers Trust representatives is 3175 Oregon Pike, Leola, PA 17540.

 

 

 

INCLINE GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC

 

Name*

Position with Metis Global
Partners, LLC

Other Business 

Connections 

Type of 

Business 

Jeff Lignelli Founder, CEO and Portfolio Manager N/A N/A

 

*The principal business address for each of the principal executive officers is 40 West 57th Street, Suite 1430, New York, New York 10019.

 

RONDURE GLOBAL ADVISORS, LLC

 

Name*

Position with Rondure
Global Advisors, LLC

Other Business 

Connections 

Type of 

Business 

Laura Geritz CEO, Director None N/A
Eric W. Huefner CCO, Director

President, COO, CCO, Director Grandeur Peak Global Advisors, LLC 

136 S. Main Street, Suite 720 

Salt Lake City, Utah 84101 

Registered Investment Adviser
Blake Harrold Walker Chairman, Director

CEO, Grandeur Peak Global Advisors, LLC 

136 S. Main Street, Suite 720 

Salt Lake City, Utah 84101

Registered Investment Adviser

 

*The principal business address for each of the Rondure Global Advisors, LLC representatives is:136 S. Main Street, Suite 720, Salt Lake City, Utah 84101.

 

CHATHAM ASSET MANAGEMENT, LLC

 

Name*

Position with Chatham
Asset Management, LLC

Other Business 

Connections

Type of 

Business

Anthony Melchiorre Founder, Partner, Chief Investment Officer and Portfolio Manager N/A N/A
Kevin O’Malley Partner and Portfolio Manager N/A N/A
Evan Ratner Partner, Portfolio Manager and Director of Research N/A N/A
Barry Schwartz Partner and Senior Analyst N/A N/A
Feisai Alibhai Partner and Senior Analyst N/A N/A
Jim Ruggerio Partner and Chief Financial Officer/Chief Compliance Officer N/A N/A

 

*The principal business address for each of the principal executive officers is 26 Main Street, Suite 204, Chatham, New Jersey 07928.

 

 

 

1.While the partners are not involved in any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature, we note that several of the partners do have outside business interests that are passive in nature.

2.Several of the partners sit on the board of local charities (e.g. local religious, local hospital, for example.)

3.All outside activities must be pre-cleared by the Chief Compliance Officer (CCO) at Chatham.

4.Neither the passive business interests nor the board seats alters in any way the ability of the partners to focus on the management of the fund. All partners devote the overwhelming amount of their time, attention and commitment to the business of Chatham Asset Management.

 

SMITH CAPITAL INVESTORS, LLC

 

Name*

Position with Smith
Capital Investors, LLC

Other Business 

Connections 

Type of 

Business

R. Gibson Smith Manager None N/A
Roberta O. Tucker Investor None N/A
Scott T. Carlson Investor None N/A
Kevin A. Branan CCO None N/A

 

*The principal business address for each of the Smith Capital Investors, LLC representatives is: 8 Alexander Lane, Greenwood Village, Colorado 80121.

 

Item 32. Principal Underwriters.

 

(j)ALPS Distributors, Inc. acts as the distributor for the Registrant and the following investment companies: 1290 Funds, Aberdeen Standard Investments ETFs, Acacia Trust, ALPS Series Trust, The Arbitrage Funds, AQR Funds, Axonic Alternative Income Fund, Barings Funds Trust, BBH Trust, Brandes Investment Trust, Bridge Builder Trust, Broadstone Real Estate Access Fund, Broadview Funds Trust, Brown Advisory Funds, Brown Capital Management Mutual Funds, Centre Funds, CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund, Columbia ETF Trust, Columbia ETF Trust I, Columbia ETF Trust II, Cortina Funds, Inc., CRM Mutual Fund Trust, CSOP ETF Trust, Cullen Funds Trust, DBX ETF Trust, Flat Rock Opportunity Fund, Firsthand Funds, FS Credit Income Fund, FS Energy Total Return Fund, FS Series Trust, Goehring & Rozencwajg Investment Funds, Goldman Sachs ETF Trust, Griffin Institutional Access Credit Fund, Griffin Institutional Access Real Estate Fund, Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust, Hartford Funds NextShares Trust, Harvest Volatility Edge Trust, Heartland Group, Inc., Henssler Funds, Inc., Holland Series Fund, Inc., Index Funds, IndexIQ Active ETF Trust, Index IQ ETF Trust, Infusive US Trust, IVY NextShares Trust, James Advantage Funds, Janus Detroit Street Trust, Lattice Strategies Trust, Litman Gregory Funds Trust, Longleaf Partners Funds Trust, M3Sixty Funds Trust, Mairs & Power Funds Trust, Meridian Fund, Inc., Natixis ETF Trust, NorthStar Real Estate Capital Income Fund, NorthStar Real Estate Capital Income Fund-ADV, NorthStar Real Estate Capital Income Fund-C, NorthStar Real Estate Capital Income Fund-T, NorthStar/Townsend Institutional Real Estate Fund, Pax World Series Trust I, Pax World Funds Trust III, Principal Exchange-Traded Funds, Reality Shares ETF Trust, Resource Credit Income Fund, Resource Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, RiverNorth Funds, Segall Bryant & Hamill Trust, Sierra Total Return Fund, Smead Funds Trust, SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust, SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust, SPDR S&P MidCap 400 ETF Trust, Sprott ETF Trust, Stadion Investment Trust, Stone Harbor Investment Funds, Stone Ridge Trust, Stone Ridge Trust II, Stone Ridge Trust III, Stone Ridge Trust IV, Stone Ridge Trust V, Total Income + Real Estate Fund, USCF ETF Trust, USCF Mutual Funds Trust, Wasatch Funds, WesMark Funds, , and Wilmington Funds.

 

 

 

ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. acts as the distributor for the Registrant and the following investment companies: ALPS ETF Trust, ALPS Variable Investment Trust, Clough Funds Trust and Select Sector SPDR Trust.

 

(b) To the best of Registrant’s knowledge, the directors and executive officers of ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc., are as follows:

 

Name* Position with Underwriter Positions with Fund
Edmund J. Burke Director See Trustee and Officer Table in SAI
Jeremy O. May  President, Director None
Bradley J. Swenson Senior Vice President None
Robert J. Szydlowski Senior Vice President, Chief Technology Officer None
Patrick J. Pedonti** Vice President, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary None
Eric Parsons Vice President, Controller and Assistant Treasurer None
Joseph J. Frank** Secretary None
Douglas W. Fleming** Assistant Treasurer None
 Richard C. Noyes Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Assistant Secretary None
Steven Price Vice President, Chief Compliance Officer None
Daniel Dolan Senior Vice President None
Kevin J. Ireland Senior Vice President None
Mark R. Kiniry Senior Vice President None
Liza Orr Vice President, Senior Counsel None
Jed Stahl Vice President, Senior Counsel None
Josh Eihausen Vice President, Associate Senior Counsel None
Terence Digan Vice President None
James Stegall Vice President None
Gary Ross Senior Vice President None
Tison Cory Vice President None
Hilary Quinn Vice President None
Jennifer Craig Assistant Vice President None

 

 

 

*Except as otherwise noted, the principal business address for each of the above directors and executive officers is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203.

**The principal business address for Messrs. Frank, Pedonti and Fleming is 333 W. 11th Street, 5th Floor, Kansas City, Missouri 64105.

 

To the best of Registrant’s knowledge, the directors and executive officers of ALPS Distributors, Inc., are as follows:

 

Name* Position with Underwriter Positions with Fund
Edmund J. Burke Director See Trustee and Officer Table in SAI
Jeremy O. May President, Director None
Bradley J. Swenson Senior Vice President, Chief Operating Officer None
Robert J. Szydlowski Senior Vice President, Chief Technology Officer None
Steven Price Vice President, Chief Compliance Officer None
Eric T. Parsons Vice President, Controller and Assistant Treasurer None
Joseph J. Frank** Secretary None
Patrick J. Pedonti** Vice President, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary None
Richard C. Noyes Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Assistant Secretary None
Douglas W. Fleming** Assistant Treasurer None
Liza Orr Vice President, Senior Counsel None
Jed Stahl Vice President, Senior Counsel None
Josh Eihausen Vice President, Associate Senior Counsel None
James Stegall Vice President, Institutional Sales Manager None
Gary Ross Senior Vice President None
Kevin Ireland Senior Vice President None
Mark Kiniry Senior Vice President None
Stephen J. Kyllo Vice President, Deputy Chief Compliance Officer None
Tison Cory Vice President, Intermediary Operations None
Hilary Quinn Vice President None
Jennifer Craig Assistant Vice President See Trustee and Officer Table in SAI

 

 

 

*Except as otherwise noted, the principal business address for each of the above directors and executive officers is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203.
**The principal business address for Messrs. Frank, Pedonti and Fleming is 333 W. 11th Street, 5th Floor, Kansas City, Missouri 64105.

 

(c)Not applicable.

 

Item 33.Location of Accounts and Records.

 

All accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules thereunder are maintained at the following offices: (1) ALPS Distributors, Inc. and ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc., 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203; (2) ALPS Advisors, Inc., 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203; (3) Red Rocks Capital LLC, 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203; (4) Wellington Management Company, LLP, 75 State Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02109; (5) Clough Capital Partners LP, One Post Office Square, 40th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02109; (6) Vulcan Value Partners, LLC, 2801 Highway 280 South, Suite 300, Birmingham, AL 35223; (7) CoreCommodity Management, LLC, The Metro Center, One Station Place, 3N, Stamford, Connecticut 06902; (8) RiverFront Investment Group, LLC, 1214 East Cary Street, Richmond, VA 23219; and (9) Kotak Mahindra Asset Management (Singapore) Pte Ltd. is: 16 Raffles Quay, #35-02 Hong Leong Building, Singapore 048581; (10) Aspen Partners Ltd., 9 East Franklin Street, Richmond, VA 23219; (11) Disciplined Growth Investors, Inc., Fifth Street Towers, Suite 2550, 150 South Fifth Street, Minneapolis, MN 55402; (12) Grandeur Peak Global Advisors, LLC, 136 S. Main Street, Suite 720, Salt Lake City, Utah 84101; (13) Highland Associates, Inc., 2545 Highland Ave. South, Suite 200 Birmingham, AL 35205-2478; (14) Seafarer Capital Partners, LLC, 700 Larkspur Landing Circle, Suite #105, Larkspur, CA 94939; (15) Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust, 3175 Oregon Pike, Leola, PA 17540; (16) Incline Global Management, LLC, 40 West 57th Street, Suite 1430, New York, New York 10019, (17) Rondure Global Advisors LLC, 136 S. Main Street, Suite 720, Salt Lake City, Utah 84101, (18) Chatham Asset Management, LLC, 26 Main Street, Suite 204, Chatham, New Jersey 07928, (19) Incline Global Management, LLC, 40 West 57th Street, Suite 1430, New York, New York 10019 and (20) Smith Capital Investors, LLC, 8 Alexander Lane, Greenwood Village, CO 80121.

 

Item 34.Management Services.

 

Not applicable.

 

 

 

Item 35.Undertakings.

 

Not applicable.

 

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment No. 220, of its Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of Denver, and State of Colorado, on February 14, 2019.

 

  FINANCIAL INVESTORS TRUST
  (Registrant)
   
  By: /s/ Edmund J. Burke  
    Edmund J. Burke
    President

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature   Title   Date
         
/s/ Edmund J. Burke   President and Trustee   February 14, 2019
Edmund J. Burke        
         
/s/ Jeremy W. Deems   Trustee   February 14, 2019
Jeremy W. Deems*        
         
/s/ Mary K. Anstine   Chairman and Trustee   February 14, 2019
Mary K. Anstine*        
         
/s/ Jerry G. Rutledge   Trustee   February 14, 2019
Jerry G. Rutledge*        
         
/s/ Michael “Ross” Shell   Trustee   February 14, 2019
Michael “Ross” Shell*        
         
/s/ Kimberly R. Storms   Treasurer   February 14, 2019
Kimberly R. Storms        

 

*Signature affixed by Karen Gilomen pursuant to a power of attorney dated December 13, 2016 filed on December 27, 2016.

 

 

Exhibits

 

  None

 

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FINANCIAL INVESTORS TRUST

1290 Broadway, Suite 1100

Denver, CO 80203  

 

February 14, 2019

 

VIA EDGAR

 

Division of Investment Management

U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission 

100 F Street, N.E.

Washington, DC 20549

 

Re:Financial Investors Trust (the “Trust“ or “Registrant“)

File Nos. 33-72424, 811-8194

Post-Effective Amendment No. 220

 

Dear Sir or Madam:

 

On behalf of the Registrant, enclosed herewith is post-effective amendment No. 220 (under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and No. 221 (under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended) to the Registrant’s registration statement on Form N-1A (“PEA 220“). PEA 220 is being filed pursuant to Rule 485(a) to add Institutional Class Shares to the classes of shares offered by the Vulcan Value Partners Fund and Vulcan Value Partners Small Cap Fund.

 

The SEC Staff is requested to address any comments on this filing to me at (720) 917-0785.

 

  Sincerely,  
       
    /s/ Karen Gilomen  
    Karen Gilomen  
    Secretary  
    Financial Investors Trust  
       
cc: Peter H. Schwartz, Esq., Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP