497 1 d821743d497.htm FINANCIAL INVESTORS TRUST Financial Investors Trust
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August 31, 2014

(as supplemented November 17, 2014)

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

Name of Fund    Ticker            
   Class A    Class C    Class I    Class R    Class L    Investor
Class
ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund    LPEFX    LPFCX    LPEIX    LPERX    N/A    N/A
ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund    AMWYX    AMWCX    AMWIX    N/A    N/A    N/A
Clough China Fund    CHNAX    CHNCX    CHNIX    N/A    N/A    N/A
ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund    JCRAX    JCRCX    JCRIX    N/A    N/A    N/A
RiverFront Global Growth Fund    RLTAX    RLTCX    RLFIX    N/A    RLTIX    RLTSX
RiverFront Global Allocation Fund    RMGAX    RMGCX    RMGIX    N/A    N/A    N/A
RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund    RLGAX    RLGCX    RLIIX    N/A    N/A    N/A
RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund    RMIAX    RMICX    RMIIX    N/A    N/A    N/A
RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund    RCABX    RCCBX    RCIBX    N/A    N/A    N/A
ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund    INDAX    INFCX    INDIX    N/A    N/A    N/A
ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund    ALERX    ALRCX    ALRIX    N/A    N/A    N/A

P.O. Box 44386

Denver, CO 80201

This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) expands upon and supplements the information contained in the current Prospectuses for Class A Shares, Class C Shares, Class I Shares, Class R Shares, Class L Shares and Investor Class Shares (collectively, the “Shares”) of the Funds listed above, each of which is a separate series of Financial Investors Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust”). Each of these series of the Trust represents shares of beneficial interest in a separate portfolio of securities and other assets with its own objective and policies. ALPS Advisors, Inc. (“ALPS Advisors”) is the investment adviser of each Fund. Certain Funds do not offer all classes of the Shares.

This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) is not a prospectus and is only authorized for distribution when preceded or accompanied by the Funds’ current prospectus dated August 31, 2014, as supplemented from time to time (the “Prospectus”). This SAI supplements and should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus, a copy of which may be obtained without charge by writing the Funds at the address listed above, or by calling the Funds’ transfer agent at 866.759.5679. The Funds’ most recent Annual Report is incorporated by reference into this SAI and can be obtained free of charge, by calling the toll-free number printed above.


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page  

Classification, Investment Objectives and Policies

     1   

Investment Policies and Risks Applicable to All Funds

     6   

Investment Policies and Risks Applicable to Certain Funds

     7   

Additional Investment Activities and Risks Applicable to All Funds

     21   

Other Practices

     63   

Investment Limitations

     67   

Portfolio Turnover

     71   

Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings

     72   

Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage

     76   

Purchase, Exchange & Redemption of Shares

     82   

Trustees and Officers

     93   

Investment Managers

     102   

Distributor

     114   

Code of Ethics

     114   

Administrator

     114   

Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures

     115   

Principal Shareholders

     116   

Expenses

     135   

Portfolio Managers

     135   

Net Asset Value

     152   

Taxes

     153   

Description of the Trust

     170   

Other Information about the Funds

     171   

Performance Information

     172   

Financial Statements

     172   

Appendix A — Description of Securities Ratings

     A-1   

Appendix B — Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures

     13   


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CLASSIFICATION, INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES

Financial Investors Trust

This Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”) includes information about eleven series of the Trust. Each Fund is a series of the Trust, an open-end, management investment company organized as a Delaware statutory trust on November 30, 1993.

On August 29, 2009, as a result of the reorganization of the Activa Value Fund into the ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund, the ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund assumed the assets and liabilities of the Activa Value Fund (the “Activa Predecessor Fund”). For this reason, certain historical information contained in this SAI for periods prior to August 29, 2009 is that of the Activa Predecessor Fund.

On January 15, 2010, as a result of the reorganization of the Old Mutual China Fund into the Clough China Fund, the Clough China Fund assumed the assets and liabilities of the Old Mutual China Fund (the “China Predecessor Fund”). For this reason certain historical information contained in this SAI for periods prior to January 15, 2010 is that of the China Predecessor Fund.

On September 27, 2010, as a result of the reorganization of the Baird Funds, Inc. – Long-Term Growth Fund into the RiverFront Global Growth Fund, the RiverFront Global Growth Fund assumed the assets and liabilities of the Baird Funds, Inc. – Long-Term Growth Fund (the “RiverFront Predecessor Fund”). For this reason, certain historical information contained in this SAI for periods prior to September 27, 2010 is that of the RiverFront Predecessor Fund.

Classification

The Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), classifies mutual funds as either diversified or non-diversified. The ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund, ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, RiverFront Global Growth Fund, RiverFront Global Allocation Fund, RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund, RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund and RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund (together the “RiverFront Funds”) are classified as diversified. The Clough China Fund, ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund and ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund are classified as non-diversified.

What are the Funds’ Investment Objectives?

 

   

The ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund seeks to maximize total return, which consists of appreciation on its investments and a variable income stream.

   

The ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund seeks long-term capital appreciation. Dividend income may be a factor in portfolio selection but is secondary to the Fund’s principal objective.

   

The Clough China Fund seeks to provide investors with long-term capital appreciation.

   

The ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund seeks to maximize real returns (returns after inflation), consistent with prudent investment management.

 

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The RiverFront Global Growth Fund seeks to achieve long term capital appreciation through a fully managed investment policy utilizing United States and foreign equity securities, debt and money market securities, the combination of which will be varied from time to time both with respect to types of securities and markets in response to changing market and economic trends.

   

The RiverFront Global Allocation Fund seeks to provide high total investment return through a fully managed investment policy utilizing United States and foreign equity securities, debt and money market securities, the combination of which will be varied from time to time both with respect to types of securities and markets in response to changing market and economic trends.

Total investment return means the combination of capital appreciation and investment income.

   

The RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund seeks to achieve long-term growth and income through a combination of capital appreciation and rising dividend payments that exceeds the average yield on global stocks generally.

   

The RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund has two primary investment objectives. It seeks (1) to provide a level of current income that exceeds the average yield on U.S. stocks in general and (2) to provide a growing stream of income over the years. The Fund’s secondary objective is to provide growth of capital.

   

The RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund seeks to provide current income and potential for that income to grow over time.

   

The ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund’s investment goal is long-term capital appreciation.

   

The investment objective of the ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund is to seek investment results that correspond (before fees and expenses) generally to the price and yield performance of its underlying index, the Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index (the “Index”).

While there is no assurance that a Fund will achieve its investment objective, it endeavors to do so by following the strategies and policies described in this prospectus.

Each Fund’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”) may change this objective or the Fund’s principal investment strategies without a shareholder vote. Each Fund will notify you in writing at least sixty (60) days before making any such change. If there is a material change to a Fund’s objective or principal investment strategies, you should consider whether the Fund remains an appropriate investment for you.

What are each Fund’s Principal Investment Strategies?

ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund

The Fund seeks to maximize total return, which consists of appreciation on its investments and a variable income stream. To achieve its objective, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its assets in (i) securities of U.S. and non-U.S. companies, including those in emerging markets, listed on a national securities exchange, or foreign equivalent, that have a majority of their assets invested in or exposed to private companies or have as their stated intention to have a majority of their assets invested in or exposed to private companies (“Listed Private Equity Companies”), and (ii)

 

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derivatives, including options, futures, forwards, swap agreements and participation notes, that otherwise have the economic characteristics of Listed Private Equity Companies. Although the Fund does not invest directly in private companies, it will be managed with a similar approach: identifying and investing in long-term, high-quality Listed Private Equity Companies.

The selection of Listed Private Equity Companies for the Fund, and their respective weightings within the Fund, is made pursuant to Red Rocks Capital LLC’s, the Fund’s sub-adviser (“Red Rocks” or the “Sub-Adviser”) proprietary selection methodology and is based upon a variety of criteria, including: valuation metrics and methodology, financial data, historical performance, management, portfolio concentration, liquidity, and the need for diversification within the Fund’s underlying assets (i.e., industry sectors, geographic locations, stage of investment and the year in which the private equity firm or fund makes a commitment or an investment in a fund, asset or business (“vintage year”)). The Fund’s portfolio may be adjusted from time to time.

ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund

The Fund invests primarily in common stocks of U.S. companies that the Fund’s sub-adviser, Wellington Management Company, LLP (“Wellington Management” or the “Sub-Adviser”), believes are undervalued by the marketplace. Income may be a factor in portfolio selection but is secondary to the principal objective. The Fund’s policy is to invest in a broadly diversified portfolio and not to concentrate investments in a particular industry or group of industries.

Clough China Fund

The Fund is sub-advised by Clough Capital Partners LP (“Clough Capital” or the “Sub-Adviser”). The Fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets, plus any borrowings for investment purposes, in equity securities of companies that:

 

   

are organized under the laws of China, Hong Kong or Taiwan;

   

are primarily traded on the China, Hong Kong or Taiwan exchanges; or

   

derive at least 50% of their revenues from business activities in China, Hong Kong or Taiwan, but which are listed and traded elsewhere.

ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund

The Fund is sub-advised by CoreCommodity Management, LLC (“CoreCommodity” or the “Sub-Adviser”). The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing, under normal circumstances, directly or indirectly in a combination of commodity-related equity securities (“Commodity Equity Investments”) and commodity futures-linked derivative instruments (“Commodity Investments”) and thereby obtaining exposure to the commodity markets. CompleteCommodities®, as developed by the Sub-Adviser, is an investment approach that actively combines Commodity Investments and Commodity Equity Investments.

   

Commodity Investments are investments in commodity futures contracts, commodity swaps, options on commodity futures, commodity-linked notes and may at times include direct or indirect investments in physical commodities.

 

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Commodity Equity Investments are generally investments in companies primarily engaged in the production and distribution of commodities and commodity-related products.

RiverFront Global Growth Fund

The Fund is sub-advised by RiverFront Investment Group, LLC (“RiverFront”). The Fund is designed to meet investor needs for a diversified portfolio solution with a defined risk objective of long-term growth. The portfolio is built around a strategic allocation which allocates the portfolio’s investments to large cap stocks, small and mid-cap stocks, international securities (including emerging markets), and other investments. The Fund will normally be fully invested in equity securities, including common stock and exchange-traded funds. The portfolio management team may depart from the targeted allocation range when they feel that certain sectors of the financial markets are overvalued or undervalued.

RiverFront Moderate Growth Fund

The Fund is sub-advised by RiverFront. The Fund is designed to meet investor needs for a diversified portfolio solution with a defined risk objective of growth. The Fund’s portfolio is built around a long-term strategic allocation which allocates the Fund’s investments to large cap stocks, small and mid cap stocks, international securities (including emerging markets), and bonds. The Fund will normally be invested in 80% equity securities (including common stock and ETFs) and 20% fixed income securities (including corporate debt and ETFs). The fixed-income securities may be of any quality or duration. The portfolio management team may depart from the targeted allocation range when they feel that certain sectors of the financial markets are overvalued or undervalued.

RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund

The Fund is sub-advised by RiverFront. The Fund is designed for investors seeking current income and the potential for their income level to grow over time, while managing risk. To achieve these objectives the Fund will typically have a substantial allocation to dividend paying stocks; therefore, investors in this Fund should be able to assume a certain degree of portfolio volatility. Under normal conditions, the portfolio is expected to have between 60% and 90% of its assets invested in a diversified basket of dividend paying stocks, with the balance of the Fund (typically 10%-40%) invested in various other income-paying securities, including corporate debt. The fixed-income securities may be of any quality or duration. The Fund may also invest significantly in exchange-traded funds. The portfolio management team may depart from the targeted allocation range when they feel that certain sectors of the financial markets are overvalued or undervalued.

RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund

The Fund is sub-advised by RiverFront. The Fund is designed for investors seeking current income and the potential for their income level to grow over time. To achieve these objectives the Fund will typically have a substantial allocation to dividend paying stocks; therefore,

 

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investors in this portfolio should be able to assume a certain degree of portfolio volatility. Under normal conditions, the Fund is expected to have between 50% and 70% of its assets invested in a diversified basket of dividend paying stocks, with the balance of the Fund (typically 30%-50%) invested in various other income-paying securities, including corporate debt. The fixed-income securities may be of any quality or duration. The Fund may also invest significantly in exchange-traded funds. The portfolio management team may depart from the targeted allocation range when they feel that certain sectors of the financial markets are overvalued or undervalued.

RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund

The Fund is sub-advised by RiverFront, and is designed for investors seeking current income and the potential for their income level to grow over time, primarily through investments in fixed-income securities supplemented by dividend-paying stocks. Under normal conditions, the Fund’s portfolio is expected to have between 50% and 80% of its assets invested in various fixed-income securities, including high- and low-grade corporate debt, with the balance of the Fund (typically 20%-50%) invested in a diversified basket of dividend-paying stocks, including small-and mid-cap and foreign securities. The fixed-income securities may be of any quality or duration. Duration is a weighted measure of the length of time a bond will pay out and takes into account interest payments that occur throughout the course of holding the bond. In general, the longer the bond’s duration, the more its price will drop as interest rates go up. Under normal conditions, the Fund will generally invest in stock of companies with various market capitalizations but will typically seek to limit its investments in domestic companies within any single market capitalization category to no more than 50% of its total assets for large-cap or mid-cap and no more than 35% for small-cap or micro-cap. The Fund may also invest significantly in exchange-traded funds (ETFs). The Fund’s portfolio management team may depart from the targeted allocation range when they feel that certain sectors of the financial markets are overvalued or undervalued.

ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund

The Fund is sub-advised by Kotak Mahindra (UK) Limited (“Kotak” or the “Sub-Adviser”). To achieve its objective, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets in equity and equity-linked securities of “Indian companies.” Indian companies are those that:

 

   

are organized under the laws of, or maintain their principal place of business in, or for which the principal trading market for their securities is in India; or

   

derive 50% or more of their total revenue or profit from either goods or services produced or sales made in India; or

   

have 50% or more of their assets in India.

ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund

The Fund employs a “passive management” - or indexing - investment approach designed to track the performance of the Index. The Index is a rules based, modified capitalization weighted, float adjusted index intended to give investors a means of tracking the overall performance of the United States energy infrastructure Master Limited Partnership (“MLP”) asset class. The Index

 

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was developed by Alerian, a leading provider of objective MLP benchmarks, data and analytics (“Alerian”). The Index is comprised of 25 energy infrastructure MLPs that earn a majority of their cash flow from the transportation and storage of energy commodities. As of June 30, 20143, the U.S. dollar-denominated market capitalizations of the Index Components ranged from approximately $42 billion to approximately $73 billion.

The Fund will normally invest at least 90% of its total net assets in securities that comprise the Index (or depositary receipts based on such securities). The Fund generally will invest in all of the securities that comprise the Index in proportion to their weightings in the Index; however, under various circumstances, it may not be possible or practicable to purchase all of the securities in the Index in those weightings. In those circumstances, the Fund may purchase a sample of the securities in the Index or utilize various combinations of other available investment techniques in seeking performance which corresponds to the performance of the Index.

INVESTMENT POLICIES AND RISKS APPLICABLE TO ALL FUNDS

Equity Securities. Equity securities are securities which signify ownership interest in a corporation and represent a claim on part of the corporation’s assets and earnings. Equity securities may include common stocks, preferred stocks, convertible securities, equity interest in non-U.S. investments or trusts, depositary receipts, equity interests in publicly traded limited partnerships/units and other equity investments. Each Fund may invest in equity or equity-related securities and equipment lease certificates, equipment trust certificates and conditional sales contracts, or limited partnership interests.

Foreign Securities. Each Fund may invest directly in foreign securities denominated in a foreign currency and not publicly traded in the United States including issuers located in emerging markets. Other ways of investing in foreign securities include depositary receipts or shares and passive foreign investment companies.

Derivative Securities. Each Fund may invest in options, futures, forwards, swap agreements participation notes and other types of derivatives individually or in combination for hedging purposes or for non-hedging purposes such as seeking to enhance return. Such techniques may also be used to gain exposure to the market pending investment of cash balances or to meet liquidity needs.

Portfolio Turnover. Each Fund may engage in short-term trading. This means that a Fund may buy a security and sell that security a short period of time after its purchase to realize gains if the portfolio manager believes that the sale is in the best interest of that Fund (for example, if the portfolio manager believes an alternative investment has greater growth potential. This activity will increase a Fund’s portfolio turnover rate and generate higher transaction costs due to commissions or dealer mark-ups and other expenses that would reduce that Fund’s investment performance. In addition, a high level of short-term trading may increase the amount of taxable distributions to shareholders that would reduce the after-tax returns of a Fund, and in particular may generate short-term capital gains that when distributed to shareholders are taxed at ordinary income tax rates.

 

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Cash Position. Each Fund may not always stay fully invested in stocks or bonds. For example, when the portfolio manager believes that market conditions are unfavorable for profitable investing, or when the portfolio manager is otherwise unable to locate attractive investment opportunities, a Fund’s cash or similar investments may increase. In other words, cash or similar investments generally are a residual – they represent the assets that remain after a Fund has committed available assets to desirable investment opportunities. When a Fund’s investments in cash or similar investments increase, it may not participate in market advance or declines to the same extent that it would if that Fund remained more fully invested in stocks or bonds.

INVESTMENT POLICIES AND RISKS APPLICABLE TO CERTAIN FUNDS

ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund

Listed Private Equity Companies

Listed Private Equity Companies may include, among others, business development companies, investment holding companies, publicly traded limited partnership interests (common units), publicly traded venture capital funds, publicly traded venture capital trusts, publicly traded private equity funds, publicly traded private equity investment trusts, publicly traded closed-end funds, publicly traded financial institutions that lend to or invest in privately held companies and any other publicly traded vehicle whose purpose is to invest in privately held companies.

The Fund intends to invest in the securities of Listed Private Equity Companies domiciled in, or primarily listed on, exchanges in Asia, Europe and North America. The underlying assets of such Listed Private Equity Companies may be domiciled throughout the world.

The Listed Private Equity Companies in which the Fund intends to invest include investments in a wide array of businesses/industries at various stages of development, from early to later stage to fully mature businesses. The Fund intends to focus its portfolio on Listed Private Equity Companies that emphasize making equity and equity-like (preferred stock, convertible stock and warrants) investments in later stage to mature businesses, but may invest in Listed Private Equity Companies making debt investments and in other stages of development. In addition, the Fund may invest in the common stock of closed-end management investment companies, including business development companies, that invest in securities of Listed Private Equity Companies.

In addition to the risks associated with the Fund’s direct investments, the Fund is also subject to the underlying risks which affect the Listed Private Equity Companies in which the Fund invests. Listed Private Equity Companies are subject to various risks depending on their underlying investments, which could include, but are not limited to, additional liquidity risk, valuation risk, sector risks, non-U.S. security risk, currency risk, credit risk, managed portfolio risk, focused investment risk and derivatives risk.

There are inherent risks in investing in private equity companies, which encompass financial institutions or vehicles whose principal business is to invest in and lend capital to privately held companies. Generally, little public information exists for private and thinly traded companies, and there is a risk that investors may not be able to make a fully informed investment decision.

 

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Listed Private Equity Companies may have relatively concentrated investment portfolios, consisting of a relatively small number of holdings. A consequence of this limited number of investments is that the aggregate returns realized may be adversely impacted by the poor performance of a small number of investments, or even a single investment, particularly if a company experiences the need to write down the value of an investment.

Industry Risk

The Fund’s investments could be concentrated within one industry or group of industries. Any factors detrimental to the performance of such industries will disproportionately impact the Fund. Investments focused in a particular industry are subject to greater risk and are more greatly impacted by market volatility than less concentrated investments.

Clough China Fund

Geographic Risk

Investing in China, Hong Kong and Taiwan involves risk and considerations not present when investing in more established securities markets. The Fund may be more susceptible to the economic, market, political and local risks of these regions than a fund that is more geographically diversified because:

 

   

China remains a one-party, non-democratic political system with the continuing risk of nationalization, expropriation, or confiscation of property;

   

While Hong Kong acknowledges being a Special Administrative Region of China, the international legal status of Taiwan is not settled. As such, from time to time, political tensions arise;

   

The economic reforms being instituted could cause higher interest rates and higher unemployment, which could cause political instability. The government could also alter or discontinue economic reform programs;

   

The emergence of a domestic consumer class is still at an early stage, making China heavily dependent on exports;

   

Over 1997 and 1998, the values of many Asian currencies declined because corporations in these countries had to buy U.S. dollars to pay large U.S. dollar denominated debt. Similar devaluations could occur again;

   

Military conflicts, either in response to social unrest or conflicts with other countries, are an ever present consideration;

   

Political instability may arise and hard-line Marxist-Leninists might regain the political initiative;

   

Social tensions caused by widely differing levels of economic prosperity within Chinese society might create unrest, as they did in the tragic events of 1989, culminating in the Tiananmen Square incident; and

   

The Chinese legal system is still in its infancy, making it more difficult to obtain and/or enforce judgments.

 

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In order to gain exposure to certain issuers, the Clough China Fund may participate in market access mechanisms administered by the respective markets, which may be subject to quota controls, heightened liquidity risks and different settlement procedures than would typically be expected with respect to U.S. issuers. In certain markets where securities and other instruments are not traded “delivery versus payment,” the Clough China Fund may not receive timely payment for securities or other instruments it has delivered and may be subject to increased risk that the counterparty will fail to make payments when due or default completely.

ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund

With respect to the Commodity Equity Investments portion of its portfolio, the Fund seeks to invest in a global universe of listed companies engaged in the production and distribution of commodities and commodity-related products and services in the agriculture, base/industrial metals, energy and precious metals sectors. The Sub-Adviser utilizes both quantitative and fundamental analyses for selecting securities for inclusion in the portfolio. The Fund may purchase American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) or Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”), or enter into derivative instruments based on the Commodity Equity Investments. The Fund may also from time to time purchase or sell common stock, preferred stock, convertible securities and ETFs.

With respect to the Commodity Investments portion of its portfolio, the Fund seeks to gain exposure to the commodity markets through the use of Commodity Investments. Commodity Investments in which the Fund may invest, either directly and/or indirectly through the Subsidiary, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Fund organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands (the “Subsidiary”), include commodity futures contracts, commodity swaps, options on commodity futures and commodity-linked notes. The Fund may also from time to time invest in ETFs and master limited partnerships.

The Fund expects to gain exposure to the commodities market indirectly by investing up to 25% of its total assets in the Subsidiary, which is designed to enhance the ability of the Fund to obtain exposure to the commodities market through Commodity Investments consistent with the limits of the U.S. federal tax law requirements applicable to registered investment companies. The Subsidiary has the same investment objective and is subject to substantially the same investment policies and investment restrictions as the Fund, except that the Subsidiary (unlike the Fund) will not invest in equity securities and may invest without limitation in commodity swaps and other commodity-linked derivative instruments. The Fund and the Subsidiary are advised by the Advisor and sub-advised by the Sub-Adviser.

The Fund and/or the Subsidiary may invest without limit in investment grade fixed-income securities of varying maturities, including U.S. Treasury inflation-protected securities (“TIPS”), other U.S. and foreign government securities, corporate bonds and notes, and affiliated and unaffiliated money market funds, to collateralize its Commodity Futures-Linked Investments and other derivative exposure on a day-to-day basis.

The Sub-Adviser will use its discretion to determine the percentage of the Fund’s assets allocated to each of the Commodity Equity Investments and Commodity Investments portions of the

 

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Fund’s portfolio. Generally, the Sub-Adviser will take various factors into account in allocating the assets of the Fund between the Commodity Equity Investments and Commodity Investments portions of its portfolio, including, but not limited to:

 

   

results of proprietary quantitative models developed by the Sub-Adviser;

   

Commodity Investments relative price differentials for a range of commodity futures for current delivery as compared to similar commodity futures for future delivery; and

   

other market conditions.

Generally, at least 20% of the Fund’s investments, either directly or indirectly through the Subsidiary, will be allocated to each respective portion of the portfolio; provided, however, that at times the Sub-Adviser may choose to lower this minimum exposure level and give greater emphasis to Commodity Equity Investments or Commodity Investments, as the case may be, based on market events such as significant market movements and significant economic events and trends.

Investments in commodity futures, commodity swaps and other commodity-linked instruments may be subject to regulation by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”). For additional information, see “Additional Investment Activities and Risks Applicable to All Funds” in this SAI.

Investments in a Wholly Owned Subsidiary

Investments in the Subsidiary are expected to provide the Fund with exposure to the commodity markets within the limitations of the Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and recent IRS revenue rulings, as discussed below under “Taxation of Certain Commodity-Linked Instruments.”

It is expected that the Subsidiary will invest primarily in Commodity Investments, including, but not limited to, commodity futures contracts, commodity swaps and options on commodity futures. Although the Fund may enter into these Commodity Investments directly, the Fund likely will gain exposure to these derivative instruments indirectly by investing in the Subsidiary. When the Sub-Adviser believes that these Commodity Investments are better suited to provide exposure to the commodities market than commodity-linked notes, the Fund’s investment in the Subsidiary will likely increase. The Subsidiary also will invest in inflation-protected securities and other fixed income instruments, which are intended to serve as collateral for the Subsidiary’s derivatives positions. To the extent that the Fund invests in the Subsidiary, it will be subject to the risks associated with those derivative instruments and other securities, which are discussed in the Prospectus, as if the Fund were investing in those derivative instruments and other securities directly rather than through the Subsidiary.

The Subsidiary is not registered under the 1940 Act and, unless otherwise noted in the Prospectus, is not subject to all of the investor protections of the 1940 Act. The Subsidiary has the same investment objective and is subject to substantially the same investment policies (with respect to the Commodity Investments portion only) and investment restrictions as the Fund, except that the Subsidiary (unlike the Fund) may invest without limitation in commodity swaps

 

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and other commodity-linked derivative instruments. The Subsidiary will also be subject to the same compliance policies and procedures as the Fund. In addition, the Fund wholly owns and controls the Subsidiary, and the Sub-Adviser acts as sub-adviser to the Fund and to the Subsidiary.

Commodity-Linked Instruments

Investments in Commodity-Linked Notes

An important vehicle for the Fund’s gaining exposure to the commodities markets is through commodity-linked notes. A commodity-linked note is a derivative instrument that has characteristics of a debt security and of a commodity-linked derivative. A commodity-linked note typically provides for interest payments and a principal payment at maturity linked to the price movement of the underlying commodity, commodity index or commodity futures or option contract.

 

    Qualifying Hybrid Instruments. The Fund may invest in commodity-linked notes that are considered to be “qualifying hybrid instruments” excluded from regulation under the Commodity Exchange Act and the regulations adopted thereunder. See “Hybrid Securities.”

 

    Principal Protection. Commodity-linked notes may be principal protected, partially protected, or offer no principal protection. A principal protected commodity-linked note means that the issuer will pay, at a minimum, the par value of the note at maturity. Therefore, if the commodity value to which the commodity-linked note is linked declines over the life of the note, the Fund will receive at maturity the face or stated value of the note.

With a principal protected commodity-linked note, the Fund will receive at maturity the greater of the par value of the note or the value of the underlying commodity or index. This protection is, in effect, an option whose value is subject to the volatility and price level of the underlying commodity. This optionality can be added to the note’s structure, but only for a cost higher than that of a partially protected (or no protection) commodity-linked note. The decision on whether to use principal protection depends in part on the cost of the protection. In addition, the protection feature depends upon the ability of the issuer to meet its obligation to buy back the security, and therefore depends on the creditworthiness of the issuer.

With full principal protection, the Fund will receive at maturity of the commodity-linked note either the stated par value of the commodity-linked note, or potentially, an amount greater than the stated par value if the underlying commodity, index, futures or option contract or other underlying economic variable increases in value. Partially protected commodity-linked notes may suffer some loss of principal if the underlying commodity, index, futures or options contract or other economic variable declines in value during the term of the note. However, partially protected commodity-linked notes have a specified limit as to the amount of principal that they may lose.

 

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Commodity-Linked Notes Without Principal Protection. The Fund may also invest in commodity-linked notes that offer no principal protection. At maturity, there is a risk that the underlying commodity price, futures or option contract, index or other economic variable may have declined sufficiently in value such that some or all of the face value of the commodity-linked note might not be returned. Some of the commodity-linked notes that the Fund may invest in may have no principal protection and the note could lose all of its value.

With a partially-protected or no-principal-protection commodity-linked note, the Fund may receive at maturity an amount less than the note’s par value if the commodity, index or other economic variable value to which the note is linked declines over the term of the note. The Sub-Adviser, at its discretion, may invest in a partially protected principal commodity-linked note or a note without principal protection. In deciding to purchase a note without principal protection, the Sub-Adviser may consider, among other things, the expected performance of the underlying commodity futures or option contract, index or other economic variable over the term of the note, the cost of the note, and any other economic factors which the Sub-Adviser believes are relevant.

 

   

Counterparty Risk. A significant risk of commodity-linked notes is counterparty risk. The Fund will take on the counterparty credit risk of the issuer. That is, at maturity of a commodity-linked note, there is a risk that the issuer may be unable to perform its obligations under the terms of the commodity-linked note. Issuers of commodity-linked notes are typically large money center banks, broker-dealers, other financial institutions and large corporations. To minimize this risk the Fund will transact, to the extent possible, with issuers who have an investment-grade credit rating from a nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”).

Commodity Futures Contracts

The Fund can hold substantial positions in commodity futures contracts. The Fund’s investments in commodity futures contracts and related instruments may involve substantial risks. Some of the special characteristics and risks of these investments are described below.

Commodity futures contracts are agreements between two parties. One party agrees to buy an asset from the other party at a later date at a price and quantity agreed-upon when the contract is made. Commodity futures contracts are traded on futures exchanges. These futures exchanges offer a central marketplace in which to transact futures contracts, a clearing corporation to process trades, a standardization of expiration dates and contract sizes, and the availability of a secondary market. Futures markets also specify the terms and conditions of delivery as well as the maximum permissible price movement during a trading session. Additionally, the commodity futures exchanges have position limit rules that limit the amount of futures contracts that any one party may hold in a particular commodity at any point in time. These position limit rules are designed to prevent any one participant from controlling a significant portion of the market.

In the futures markets, the exchange clearing corporation takes the other side in all transactions, either buying or selling directly to the market participants. The clearinghouse acts as the

 

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counterparty to all exchange-traded futures contracts. That is, the Fund’s obligation is to the clearinghouse, and the Fund will look to the clearinghouse to satisfy the Fund’s rights under the futures contract.

When purchasing stocks or bonds, the buyer acquires ownership in the security, however buyers of futures contracts are not entitled to ownership of the underlying commodity until and unless they decide to accept delivery at expiration of the contract. In practice, delivery of the underlying commodity to satisfy a futures contract rarely occurs because most futures traders use the liquidity of the central marketplace to sell their futures contract before expiration.

 

   

Price Limits. The commodity futures exchanges often impose on each commodity futures contract a maximum permissible price movement for each trading session. If the maximum permissible price movement is achieved on any trading day, no more trades may be executed above (or below, if the price has moved downward) that limit. If the Fund wishes to execute a trade outside the daily permissible price movement, it would be prevented from doing so by exchange rules, and would have to wait for another trading session to execute its transaction.

   

Price Volatility. Despite the daily price limits on the futures exchanges, the price volatility of commodity futures contracts has been historically greater than that for traditional securities such as stocks and bonds. To the extent that the Fund invests in commodity futures contracts, the assets of the Fund, and therefore the prices of Fund shares, may be subject to greater volatility.

 

   

Marking-to-Market Futures Positions. The futures clearinghouse marks every futures contract to market at the end of each trading day, to ensure that the outstanding futures obligations are limited by the maximum daily permissible price movement. This process of marking-to-market is designed to prevent losses from accumulating in any futures account. Therefore, if the Fund’s futures positions have declined in value, the Fund may be required to post additional margin to cover this decline. Alternatively, if the Fund’s futures positions have increased in value, this increase will be credited to the Fund’s account. Certain commodity futures contracts, when entered into directly by the Fund, would be taxed on the “marked-to-market” basis applicable to section 1256 contracts, as discussed below under “Taxes - Financial Products.” For information about the tax treatment of the Fund’s commodity-linked investments and its investment in the Subsidiary, please refer to “Taxes – Taxation of Certain Commodity – Linked Investments.”

Special Risks of Commodity Futures Contracts

 

   

Storage Costs. The price of the commodity futures contract will reflect the storage costs of purchasing the physical commodity. These storage costs include the time value of money invested in the physical commodity plus the actual costs of storing the commodity less any benefits from ownership of the physical commodity that are not obtained by the holder of a futures contract (this is sometimes referred to as the “convenience yield”). To the extent that these storage costs change for an underlying commodity while the Fund is long futures contracts on that commodity, the value of the futures contract may change proportionately.

 

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Reinvestment Risk. In the commodity futures markets, if producers of the underlying commodity wish to hedge the price risk of selling the commodity, they will sell futures contracts today to lock in the price of the commodity at delivery tomorrow. In order to induce speculators to take the corresponding long side of the same futures contract, the commodity producer must be willing to sell the futures contract at a price that is below the expected future spot price. Conversely, if the predominate hedgers in the futures market are the purchasers of the underlying commodity who purchase futures contracts to hedge against a rise in prices, then speculators will only take the short side of the futures contract if the futures price is greater than the expected future spot price of the commodity.

The changing nature of the hedgers and speculators in the commodity markets will influence whether futures prices are above or below the expected future spot price. This can have significant implications for the Fund when it is time to replace an expiring contract with a new contract. If the nature of hedgers and speculators in futures markets has shifted such that commodity purchasers are the predominate hedgers in the market, the Fund might open the new futures position at a higher price or choose other related commodity investments.

 

   

Additional Economic Factors. The values of commodities which underlie commodity futures contracts are subject to additional variables which may be less significant to the values of traditional securities such as stocks and bonds. Variables such as drought, floods, weather, livestock disease, embargoes and tariffs may have a larger impact on commodity prices and commodity-linked instruments, including futures contracts, commodity-linked notes, commodity options and commodity swaps, than on traditional securities. These additional variables may create additional investment risks which subject the Fund’s investments to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities.

 

   

Leverage. There is much greater leverage in futures trading than in stocks. As a registered investment company, the Fund must pay in full for all securities it purchases. In other words, the Fund is not allowed to purchase securities on margin. However, the Fund is allowed to purchase futures contracts on margin. The initial margin requirements are typically between 3% and 6% of the face value of the contract. That means the Fund is only required to pay up front between 3% to 6% percent of the face value of the futures contract. Therefore, the Fund has a higher degree of leverage in its futures contract purchases than in its stock purchases. As a result there may be differences in the volatility of rates of return between securities purchases and futures contract purchases, with the returns from futures contracts being more volatile.

Hybrid Instruments

The Fund may invest in hybrid instruments. A hybrid instrument is a type of potentially high-risk derivative that combines a traditional stock, bond, or commodity with an option or forward

 

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contract. Generally, the principal amount, amount payable upon maturity or redemption, or interest rate of a hybrid is tied (positively or negatively) to the price of some commodity, currency or securities index or another interest rate or some other economic factor (each a “benchmark”). The interest rate or (unlike most fixed income securities) the principal amount payable at maturity of a hybrid security may be increased or decreased, depending on changes in the value of the benchmark. An example of a hybrid could be a bond issued by an oil company that pays a small base level of interest with additional interest that accrues in correlation to the extent to which oil prices exceed a certain predetermined level. Such a hybrid instrument would be a combination of a bond and a call option on oil.

Hybrids can be used as an efficient means of pursuing a variety of investment goals, including currency hedging, duration management, and increased total return. Hybrids may not bear interest or pay dividends. The value of a hybrid or its interest rate may be a multiple of a benchmark and, as a result, may be leveraged and move (up or down) more steeply and rapidly than the benchmark. These benchmarks may be sensitive to economic and political events, such as commodity shortages and currency devaluations, which cannot be readily foreseen by the purchaser of a hybrid. Under certain conditions, the redemption value of a hybrid could be zero. Thus, an investment in a hybrid may entail significant market risks that are not associated with a similar investment in a traditional, U.S. dollar-denominated bond that has a fixed principal amount and pays a fixed rate or floating rate of interest. The purchase of hybrids also exposes the Fund to the credit risk of the issuer of the hybrids. These risks may cause significant fluctuations in the net asset value of the Fund.

Certain hybrid instruments may provide exposure to the commodities markets. These are derivative securities with one or more commodity-linked components that have payment features similar to commodity futures contracts, commodity options, or similar instruments. Commodity-linked hybrid instruments may be either equity or debt securities, and are considered hybrid instruments because they have both security and commodity-like characteristics. A portion of the value of these instruments may be derived from the value of a commodity, futures contract, index or other economic variable.

The Fund will only invest in commodity-linked hybrid instruments that qualify under applicable rules of the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC”) for an exemption from the provisions of the Commodity Exchange Act, as amended (“CEA”).

Certain issuers of structured products such as hybrid instruments may be deemed to be investment companies as defined in the 1940 Act. As a result, the Fund’s investments in these products may be subject to limits applicable to investments in investment companies and may be subject to restrictions contained in the 1940 Act.

 

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The RiverFront Funds

Risk Management. The RiverFront Funds’ Sub-Adviser utilizes risk management techniques in its investment process. Those techniques include understanding the risks being assumed, monitoring the impact of those risks on performance, and promptly addressing those asset classes that are not performing.

The RiverFront portfolio and risk management teams meet regularly to review holdings, evaluate their risks, assess the portfolio managers’ conviction levels on the holdings, and determine decision points for the sale of holdings. RiverFront will sell positions in individual securities and ETFs when it no longer believes they present attractive long-term growth opportunities relative to other possible investments in that asset class or when RiverFront changes its strategic asset allocation or makes tactical adjustments to address underperforming asset classes.

Market Capitalization Strategy

Each Fund will generally invest in stock of companies with various market capitalizations but will typically limit its investments in domestic companies within any single market capitalization category to no more than 50% of its total assets for large-cap or mid-cap and no more than 35% for small-cap or micro-cap. RiverFront uses the industry leading CRSP (Center for Research in Securities Pricing) as a general guideline for defining market caps.

Exchange-Traded Funds

While a Fund may invest in individual stocks and other equity securities of domestic companies, each Fund may also invest in ETFs both to supplement and to fill particular asset classes or sectors, particularly international equities, emerging markets, fixed income and alternative investments. The use of ETFs makes it more efficient to make adjustments to asset allocations. Each Fund will not invest more than 25% of its total assets in a single ETF.

Foreign Securities

Each Fund may invest directly or indirectly through ETFs in securities of foreign issuers, including issuers located in both developed countries and emerging markets. Each Fund will limit its investments in foreign securities to not more than 50% of its net assets under normal market conditions, of which not more than 40% will be invested in securities of companies located in emerging markets.

Investment Selection Process. In constructing a Fund’s portfolio, RiverFront employs a multi-dimensional investment discipline, involving:

 

   

Strategic asset allocation

   

Tactical adjustments, sector strategy and optimized security selection

   

Disciplined risk management

 

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Strategic Asset Allocation. In making strategic asset allocation decisions for a Fund, RiverFront seeks to identify various equity and other asset classes or market sectors that appear to present attractive relative long-term value and capital growth opportunities over a three- to five-year period, and to position the Fund’s portfolio across asset classes that offer the optimal combination of risk and long-term return potential. Equity asset classes or market sectors may include various combinations of equity securities of companies across the market capitalization spectrum, growth and value stocks, U.S. stocks and foreign equities (e.g., large-cap growth, mid-cap value, small-cap value, foreign developed country and emerging markets). Based on an analysis of historical returns, RiverFront believes that a strong relationship exists between the price paid for an asset and that asset’s subsequent longer-term return, and looks for asset classes that offer good relative values. RiverFront applies sophisticated mathematical models to various asset classes to produce forward-looking estimates of their potential long-term returns based upon whether the asset class is priced above or below its historical long-term average, and combines those estimates with volatility and correlation assumptions to select asset classes with long-term growth potential and determine the percentage each asset class will represent of the entire portfolio.

Tactical Adjustments. After determining the strategic asset allocation for a Fund, RiverFront applies tactical allocation that incorporates price, economic and earnings momentum into the asset allocation decisions. Tactical allocation combines mathematical valuation models with market judgment and technical analysis in making risk-controlled adjustments to the strategic asset allocation in order to take advantage of short-term opportunities. The most significant tactical adjustments are made to markets in which investor sentiment has driven valuations to an extreme, the trend in those markets is showing signs of turning, and the Federal Reserve policy is clearly supportive of the market’s new direction. The maximum tactical adjustment to the percentage represented by a particular asset class relative to the strategic asset allocation is normally 10%. The allocation among the asset classes may vary substantially over time.

Sector Strategy and Security Selection. RiverFront uses both fundamental and technical analysis to determine sector strategy and select individual securities for each Fund. Fundamental analysis is used to determine the relative attractiveness of specific economic sectors and securities in terms of their long-term capital growth potential, and technical analysis is used to understand investor sentiment that drives price to earnings multiples and to challenge RiverFront’s fundamental viewpoint.

ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund

Equity securities in which the Fund can invest may include common stocks, preferred stocks, convertible securities, depositary receipts, rights and warrants to buy common stocks and privately placed securities. The Fund intends to invest in companies of all capitalization sizes. The Fund intends to invest in a wholly owned, collective investment vehicle (the “Portfolio”), registered with and regulated by the Mauritius Financial Services Commission. The Portfolio shall invest in securities of a wide selection of Indian companies, consistent with the Fund’s investment strategies. The Portfolio will seek to establish residency in Mauritius to be eligible to receive beneficial tax treatment under the double taxation avoidance agreement entered into between Mauritius and India (the “Treaty”). Investment by the Portfolio is a tax efficient method of investing in Indian companies where the benefits of the Treaty are available to it. Please see “Investment From Mauritius” for additional information.

 

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To the extent the Fund invests through the Portfolio, an investment in the Fund is an indirect investment in the Portfolio. Unless the context indicates otherwise, descriptions in this Prospectus of securities and transactions, and their associated investment risks and restrictions, refer to and apply to the Portfolio with respect to investments made by the Fund.

The Fund will invest directly and/or indirectly in equity and equity-linked securities of Indian companies that, in the opinion of the Sub-Adviser have one or more of the following characteristics for growth, such as, but not exclusively limited to Indian companies:

 

   

that are sector leaders and enjoy leadership in their respective segments;

   

that are strong asset plays; and

   

that are expected to witness operational and financial improvement due to positive swing in their business cycles.

   

that are expected to sustain high growth due to their ability to create new markets, develop nascent business segments and operate successfully in niche segments with scale-up potential;

   

that are expected to create and deliver long-term value due to innovation and IPR development; or

   

with the potential for value unlocking in the medium- to long-term due to strategic sale, change in management, deregulation, economic legislation and reform

The Fund may engage in certain derivative transactions, subject to the applicable rules of the CFTC, as well as the applicable rules of the National Stock Exchange of India.

The Fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets directly or indirectly in equity and equity-linked securities of Indian companies. Because the financials sector (including the banking and insurance industries) represents a significant portion of the total capitalization of the Indian market, the Fund’s investments may be concentrated in the financials sector.

The Sub-Adviser will implement an active Fund management strategy, employing both “top-down” and “bottom-up” research styles combined with macro and economic analysis. As a “top down” investor, Kotak focuses primarily on broad investment contours like sectoral and sub-sectoral composition. The Kotak investment team examines the Indian and global economy to identify potential investment opportunities across industries. Even when an industry is out of favor with the broad market, the Kotak investment team analyzes potentially good opportunities within the sector, endeavoring to bring, in the Advisor’s opinion, the best ideas to the Fund with a mix of companies across sectors. As a “bottom-up” investor focusing primarily on individual securities, the Sub-Adviser looks for companies whose current market valuations, in the Sub-Adviser’s opinion, does not reflect future growth prospects. The Sub-Adviser chooses companies that have identifiable drivers of future earnings growth and present, in the Sub-Adviser’s opinion, the best trade-off between that potential earnings growth, business and financial risk and valuation. The Sub-Adviser’s philosophy includes favoring companies that have competitive advantages through leading-edge products, intellectual property, product

 

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positioning, unique market niches, brand identity, solid management teams, strong balance sheets, above average or rising margins and strong returns on capital invested in the business. In choosing equity investments, the Sub-Adviser also considers such factors as the financial strength of the company, the expertise of management, the growth potential of the company within the industry, and the growth potential of the industry itself.

ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund

MLPs

MLPs are publicly traded partnerships engaged in the transportation, storage and processing of minerals and natural resources. By confining their operations to these specific activities, their interests, or units, are able to trade on public securities exchanges exactly like the shares of a corporation, without entity level taxation. Of the seventy MLPs eligible for inclusion in the Index, approximately two-thirds trade on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and the rest trade on the NASDAQ Stock Market (“NASDAQ”).

To qualify as a MLP and to not be taxed as a corporation, a partnership must receive at least 90% of its income from qualifying sources as set forth in Section 7704(d) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). These qualifying sources include natural resource-based activities such as the processing, transportation and storage of mineral or natural resources. MLPs generally have two classes of owners, the general partner and limited partners. The general partner of an MLP is typically owned by a major energy company, an investment fund, the direct management of the MLP, or is an entity owned by one or more of such parties. The general partner may be structured as a private or publicly traded corporation or other entity. The general partner typically controls the operations and management of the MLP through an up to 2% equity interest in the MLP plus, in many cases, ownership of common units and subordinated units. Limited partners typically own the remainder of the partnership, through ownership of common units, and have a limited role in the partnership’s operations and management.

MLPs are typically structured such that common units and general partner interests have first priority to receive quarterly cash distributions up to an established minimum amount (“minimum quarterly distributions” or “MQD”). Common and general partner interests also accrue arrearages in distributions to the extent the MQD is not paid. Once common and general partner interests have been paid, subordinated units receive distributions of up to the MQD; however, subordinated units do not accrue arrearages. Distributable cash in excess of the MQD is paid to both common and subordinated units and is distributed to both common and subordinated units generally on a pro rata basis. The general partner is also eligible to receive incentive distributions if the general partner operates the business in a manner which results in distributions paid per common unit surpassing specified target levels. As the general partner increases cash distributions to the limited partners, the general partner receives an increasingly higher percentage of the incremental cash distributions.

 

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General Policies

Investment in the Fund should be made with an understanding that the value of the portfolio of securities held by the Fund may fluctuate in accordance with changes in the financial condition of the issuers of the portfolio securities, the value of common stocks generally and other factors.

The Fund is not actively managed by traditional methods and therefore the adverse financial condition of any one issuer will not result in the elimination of its securities from the portfolio securities held by the Fund unless the securities of such issuer are removed from its Index.

An investment in the Fund should also be made with an understanding that the Fund will not be able to replicate exactly the performance of its Index because the total return generated by its portfolio securities will be reduced by transaction costs incurred in adjusting the actual balance of such securities and other Fund expenses, whereas such transaction costs and expenses are not included in the calculation of its Index. It is also possible that for short periods of time, the Fund may not fully replicate the performance of its Index due to the temporary unavailability of certain Index securities in the Secondary Market or due to other extraordinary circumstances. Such events are unlikely to continue for an extended period of time because the Fund is required to correct such imbalances by means of adjusting the composition of its portfolio securities.

The Index consists of a number of components (the “Index Components”) selected in accordance with Alerian’s rules-based methodology for such Index. Each qualification of an Index Component set forth below is measured as of each quarterly rebalance date.

Under normal circumstances, at least 90% of the Fund’s net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes will be invested in its Index Components. In addition, the Fund may invest up to 10% of its net assets in investments not included in its Index, but which the Adviser (as defined below) believes will help the Fund track the Index. For example, there may be instances in which the Adviser may choose to purchase (or sell) securities not in the Index which the Adviser believes are appropriate to substitute for one or more Index Components in seeking to replicate, before fees and expenses, the performance of the Index.

Furthermore, the Fund may invest in one or more financial instruments, including but not limited to futures contracts, swap agreements and forward contracts, reverse repurchase agreements, and options on securities, indices and futures contracts (collectively, “Financial Instruments”). As an example of the use of such Financial Instruments, the Fund may use total return swaps on one or more Index Components in order to achieve exposures that are similar to those of the Index. The Fund will not directly employ leverage in its investment strategies.

Clough China Fund, ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund and ALPS/Alerian MLP Index Fund

Non-Diversification and Concentration. Because the Clough China Fund, ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund and ALPS/Alerian MLP Index Fund are non-diversified and may invest a greater percentage of their assets in particular asset classes, securities of a single issuer or instrument and in a relatively small number of issuers or instruments, they are more susceptible to risks associated with a single economic, political or regulatory occurrence than a more diversified portfolio. Some of those issuers or instruments may also present substantial credit or other risks.

 

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ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES AND RISKS APPLICABLE TO ALL FUNDS

Each Fund may also invest in the following types of securities. The following is not meant to be an exclusive list of all the securities and instruments in which each Fund may invest or investment strategies in which it may engage, and each Fund may invest in instruments and securities and engage in strategies other than those listed below.

Equity Investments

Each Fund may invest in equity securities. Equity securities (which generally include common stocks, preferred stocks, warrants, securities convertible into common or preferred stocks and similar securities) are generally volatile and more risky than some other forms of investment. Equity securities of companies with relatively small market capitalizations may be more volatile than the securities of larger, more established companies than the broad equity market indices generally. Common stock and other equity securities may take the form of stock in corporations, partnership interests, interests in limited liability companies and other direct or indirect interests in business organizations.

Common Stock

Common stocks are shares of a corporation or other entity that entitle the holder to a pro rata share of the profits of the corporation, if any, without preference over any other shareholder or class of shareholders, including holders of the entity’s preferred stock and other senior equity. Common stock usually carries with it the right to vote and frequently an exclusive right to do so.

Common stocks of companies that the Sub-Adviser believes have earnings that will grow faster than the economy as a whole are known as growth stocks. Growth stocks typically trade at higher multiples of current earnings than other stocks. As a result, the values of growth stocks may be more sensitive to changes in current or expected earnings than the values of other stocks. If the Sub-Adviser’s assessment of the prospects for a company’s earnings growth is wrong, or if its judgment of how other investors will value the company’s earnings growth is wrong, then the price of that company’s stock may fall or may not approach the value that the Sub-Adviser has placed on it.

Common stocks of companies that are not expected to experience significant earnings growth, but whose stocks the Sub-Adviser believes are undervalued compared to their true worth, are known as value stocks. These companies may have experienced adverse business developments or may be subject to special risks that have caused their stocks to be out of favor. If the Sub-Adviser’s assessment of a company’s prospects is wrong, or if other investors do not eventually recognize the value of the company, then the price of the company’s stocks may fall or may not approach the value that the Sub-Adviser has placed on it.

 

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Many stocks have both “growth” and “value” characteristics, and for some stocks it may be unclear which category, if any, it fits into. Each Fund’s investment process is biased toward value.

Preferred Stock

Preferred stocks, like debt obligations, are generally fixed-income securities. Shareholders of preferred stocks normally have the right to receive dividends at a fixed rate when and as declared by the issuer’s board of directors, but do not participate in other amounts available for distribution by the issuing corporation. Dividends on the preferred stock may be cumulative, and generally all cumulative dividends must be paid prior to common shareholders receiving any dividends. Because as a general matter preferred stock dividends must be paid before common stock dividends, preferred stocks generally entail less risk than common stocks. Upon liquidation, preferred stocks are generally entitled to a specified liquidation preference, which is generally the same as the par or stated value, and are senior in right of payment to common stock. Preferred stocks are, however, equity securities in the sense that they do not represent a liability of the issuer and, therefore, do not offer as great a degree of protection of capital or assurance of continued income as investments in corporate debt securities. In addition, preferred stocks are subordinated in right of payment to all debt obligations and creditors of the issuer, and convertible preferred stocks may be subordinated to other preferred stock of the same issuer.

Exchange Traded Funds and Other Similar Instruments

Shares of ETFs and other similar instruments may be purchased by any Fund. Generally, an ETF is an investment company that is registered under the 1940 Act that holds a portfolio of securities designed to track the performance of a particular index or index segment. Similar instruments, used by pools that are not investment companies, offer similar characteristics and may be designed to track the performance of an index or basket of securities of companies engaged in a particular market or sector. ETFs sell and redeem their shares at net asset value in large blocks (typically 50,000 of its shares) called “creation units.” Shares representing fractional interests in these creation units are listed for trading on national securities exchanges and can be purchased and sold in the secondary market in lots of any size at any time during the trading day.

Investments in ETFs and other similar instruments involve certain inherent risks generally associated with investments in a broadly-based portfolio of stocks including: (i) risks that the general level of stock prices may decline, thereby adversely affecting the value of each unit of the ETF or other instrument; (ii) an ETF may not fully replicate the performance of its benchmark index because of temporary unavailability of certain index securities in the secondary market or discrepancies between the ETF and the index with respect to the weightings of securities or number of stocks held; (iii) an ETF may also be adversely affected by the performance of the specific index, market sector or group of industries on which it is based; and (iv) an ETF may not track an index as well as a traditional index mutual fund because ETFs are valued by the market and, therefore, there may be a difference between the market value and the ETF’s net asset value. Each Fund may both purchase and effect short sales of shares of ETFs and may also purchase and sell options on shares of ETFs. These investments may be used for hedging purposes or to seek to increase total return (which is considered a speculative activity).

 

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Because ETFs and pools that issue similar instruments incur various fees and expenses, a Fund’s investment in these instruments will involve certain indirect costs, as well as transaction costs, such as brokerage commissions. The Sub-Adviser will consider expenses associated with an investment in determining whether to invest in an ETF or other instrument. In the case of ETFs that are investment companies, they invest substantially all of their assets in securities of various securities indices or a particular segment of a securities index. Most ETFs are listed and traded on the NYSE Arca, Inc. (“Arca”). The market price of ETFs is expected to fluctuate in accordance with both changes in the asset values of their underlying indices and supply and demand of an ETF’s shares on the Arca. ETFs may trade at relatively modest discounts or premiums to net asset value. In general, most ETFs have a limited operating history and information may be lacking regarding the actual performance and trading liquidity of such shares for extended periods or over complete market cycles. In addition, there is no assurance that the requirements of the Arca necessary to maintain the listing of ETFs in which a Fund invests will continue to be met or will remain unchanged. In the event substantial market or other disruptions affecting the shares of ETFs held by a Fund should occur in the future, the liquidity and value of that Fund’s shares could also be adversely affected. If such disruptions were to occur, that Fund could be required to reconsider the use of ETFs as part of its investment strategy.

Limitations of the 1940 Act, which prohibit any Fund from acquiring more than 3% of the outstanding shares of another investment company, may restrict the Fund’s ability to purchase shares of certain ETFs.

Warrants and Rights

Each Fund may invest in warrants and rights. Warrants are securities that are usually issued together with a debt security or preferred stock and that give the holder the right to buy a proportionate amount of common stock at a specified price until a stated expiration date. Buying a warrant generally can provide a greater potential for profit or loss than an investment of equivalent amounts in the underlying common stock. The market value of a warrant does not necessarily move with the value of the underlying securities. If a holder does not sell the warrant, it risks the loss of its entire investment if the market price of the underlying security does not, before the expiration date, exceed the exercise price of the warrant. Investing in warrants is a speculative activity. Warrants pay no dividends and confer no rights (other than the right to purchase the underlying securities) with respect to the assets of the issuer. A right is a privilege granted, typically to existing shareholders of a corporation, to subscribe for shares of a new issue of stock before it is issued. Rights normally have a short life, usually two to four weeks, may be freely transferable and generally entitle the holder to buy the new common stock at a lower price than the public offering price.

Market Risk

The market price of securities owned by any Fund may go up or down, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably.

 

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Securities may decline in value due to factors affecting securities markets generally or particular industries represented in the securities markets. The value of a security may decline due to general market conditions which are not specifically related to a particular company, such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates or adverse investor sentiment generally. They may also decline due to factors which affect a particular industry or industries, such as labor shortages or increased production costs and competitive conditions within an industry. During a general downturn in the securities markets, multiple asset classes may decline in value simultaneously.

Equity securities generally have greater price volatility than fixed-income securities.

Derivatives

Each Fund may engage in a variety of derivative transactions in accordance with the applicable rules of the CFTC, and, to the extent applicable, the rules and regulations of certain national or foreign exchanges; however, no Fund will be obligated to use derivatives and no Fund makes any representation as to the availability of these techniques at this time or at any time in the future. Generally, derivatives are financial contracts whose value depends on, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index and may relate to stocks, bonds, interest rates, currencies or currency exchange rates, commodities, related indexes and other assets. The types of derivatives in which a Fund may invest include, but are not limited to, interest rate, currency or stock or bond index futures contracts, currency forward contracts and currency swaps, the purchase and sale (or writing) of exchange listed and over-the-counter (“OTC”) put and call options on debt and equity securities, currencies, interest rate, currency or stock index futures and fixed-income and stock indices and other financial instruments, entering into various interest rate transactions such as swaps, caps floors, and collars, entering into equity swaps, caps and floors, the purchase and sale of indexed debt securities or trading in other similar types of instruments. In addition, the ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund may invest, through its Subsidiary, in commodity-linked notes and commodity futures contracts. For additional information on these types of instruments, please see “Commodity-Linked Instruments” in this SAI.

Derivatives may be used, among other reasons, as part of a Fund’s investment strategy, to attempt to protect against possible changes in the market value of securities held or to be purchased for a Fund’s portfolio resulting from securities markets or currency exchange rate fluctuations, to protect a Fund’s unrealized gains in the value of its securities, to facilitate the sale of those securities for investment purposes, to manage the effective maturity or duration of the Fund’s portfolio or to establish a position in the derivatives markets as a temporary substitute for purchasing or selling particular securities or to seek to enhance a Fund’s income or gain. A Fund may use any or all types of derivatives which it is authorized to use at any time; no particular strategy will dictate the use of one type of transaction rather than another, as use of any authorized derivative will be a function of numerous variables, including market conditions. The ability of a Fund to utilize derivatives successfully will depend on numerous factors including the Sub-Adviser’s ability to predict pertinent market movements, which cannot be assured. These skills are different from those needed to select a Fund’s portfolio securities.

 

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Subject to the constraints described above, a Fund may (if and to the extent so authorized) purchase and sell interest rate, currency or stock or bond index futures contracts and enter into currency forward contracts and currency swaps; purchase and sell (or write) exchange listed and OTC put and call options on securities, loan participations and assignments, currencies, futures contracts, indices and other financial instruments, and the Fund may enter into interest rate transactions, equity swaps and related transactions and other similar transactions which may be developed to the extent the Sub-Adviser determines that they are consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and policies and applicable regulatory requirements. A Fund’s interest rate transactions may take the form of swaps, caps, floors and collars, and the Fund’s currency transactions may take the form of currency forward contracts, currency futures contracts, currency swaps and options on currencies or currency futures contracts.

Derivatives involve special risks, including possible default by the other party to the transaction, illiquidity and, to the extent the Sub-Adviser’s view as to certain market movements is incorrect, the risk that the use of derivatives could result in significantly greater losses than if it had not been used. Losses resulting from the use of derivatives will reduce a Fund’s net asset value, and possibly income, and the losses may be significantly greater than if derivatives had not been used. The degree of a Fund’s use of derivatives may be limited by certain provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). When used, derivatives may increase the amount and affect the timing and character of taxes payable by shareholders. See “Taxes.”

Certain standardized swap transactions are currently subject to mandatory central clearing or may be eligible for voluntary central clearing. Central clearing is expected to decrease counterparty risk and increase liquidity compared to uncleared swaps because central clearing interposes the central clearinghouse as the counterpart to each participant’s swap. However, central clearing does not eliminate counterparty risk or illiquidity risk entirely. In addition depending on the size of a fund and other factors, the margin required under the rules of a clearinghouse and by a clearing member may be in excess of the collateral required to be posted by a fund to support its obligations under a similar uncleared swap.

Rule 4.5 under the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”), as amended, exempts an adviser of a fund that invests in “commodity interests” from registration as a “commodity pool operator” (“CPO”) provided that, among other restrictions, the adviser enters into such positions solely for “bona fide hedging purposes” or limits its use of commodity interests for non-bona fide hedging purposes such that (i) the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish non-bona fide hedging positions do not exceed 5% of the liquidation value of the fund’s portfolio, or (ii) the aggregate “notional value” of the non-bona fide hedging commodity interests do not exceed 100% of the liquidation value of the fund’s portfolio.

The Adviser is registered with the CFTC as a CPO. In addition, with respect to certain of the Funds, the Sub-Adviser is registered with the CFTC as a CTA. With respect to certain of the Funds where the Sub-Adviser is registered neither as a CPO or CTA, the Adviser and Sub-Adviser intend to comply with the requirements of the CEA by operating the Fund in a manner consistent with the restrictions of Rule 4.5, including filing a notice of eligibility of exemption from registration in accordance with applicable procedures, or alternatively operating the Fund in a manner such that the Fund’s activities are not subject to the CEA.

 

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Currency Transactions

Each Fund may engage in currency transactions with counterparties to hedge the value of portfolio securities denominated in particular currencies against fluctuations in relative value, to gain or reduce exposure to certain currencies or to generate income or gains.

Currency transactions include currency forward contracts, exchange-listed currency futures contracts and options thereon, exchange-listed and OTC options on currencies and currency swaps. A forward currency contract involves a privately negotiated obligation to purchase or sell (with delivery generally required) a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. A currency swap is an agreement to exchange cash flows based on the notional difference among two or more currencies and operates similarly to an interest rate swap, which is described below under “Interest Rate and Equity Swaps and Related Transactions.”

Each Fund may enter into a forward contract to sell, for a fixed amount of U.S. dollars, the amount of that currency approximating the value of some or all of the Fund’s portfolio securities denominated in such currency. For example, a Fund may do this if the Sub-Adviser believes that the currency of a particular country may decline in relation to the U.S. dollar. Forward contracts may limit potential gain from a positive change in the relationship between the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies. Transaction hedging includes entering into a currency transaction with respect to specific assets or liabilities of the Fund, which will generally arise in connection with the purchase or sale of portfolio securities or the receipt of income from them. Position hedging is entering into a currency transaction with respect to portfolio securities positions denominated or generally quoted in that currency.

Each Fund may cross-hedge currencies by entering into transactions to purchase or sell one or more currencies that are expected to increase or decline in value relative to other currencies to which the Fund has or in which the Fund expects to have exposure. To reduce the effect of currency fluctuations on the value of existing or anticipated holdings of its securities, a Fund may also engage in proxy hedging. Proxy hedging is often used when the currency to which a Fund’s holdings is exposed is difficult to hedge generally or difficult to hedge against the dollar. Proxy hedging entails entering into a forward contract to sell a currency, the changes in the value of which are generally considered to be linked to a currency or currencies in which some or all of a Fund’s securities are or are expected to be denominated and to buy dollars.

If a Fund enters into a currency hedging transaction, the Fund will comply with the asset segregation requirements described below under “Use of Segregated and Other Special Accounts.”

Currency hedging involves some of the same risks and considerations as other derivative transactions. Currency transactions can result in losses to a Fund if the currency being hedged fluctuates in value to a degree or in a direction that is not anticipated. Further, the risk exists that the perceived linkage between various currencies may not be present or may not be present

 

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during the particular time that the Fund is engaging in these transactions. Currency transactions are also subject to risks different from those of other portfolio transactions. Because currency control is of great importance to the issuing governments and influences economic planning and policy, purchases and sales of currency and related instruments can be adversely affected by government exchange controls, limitations or restrictions on repatriation of currency and manipulations or exchange restrictions imposed by governments. These forms of governmental actions can result in losses to a Fund if it is unable to deliver or receive currency or monies in settlement of obligations and could also cause hedges it has entered into to be rendered useless, resulting in full currency exposure as well as incurring transaction costs. Buyers and sellers of currency futures contracts are subject to the same risks that apply to the use of futures contracts generally. Further, settlement of a currency futures contract for the purchase of most currencies must occur at a bank based in the issuing nation. Trading options on currency futures contracts is relatively new, and the ability to establish and close out positions on these options is subject to the maintenance of a liquid market that may not always be available. Currency exchange rates may fluctuate based on factors extrinsic to that country’s economy.

Futures Contracts

Generally, a futures contract provides for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified quantity of a financial instrument, foreign currency or the cash value of an index at a specified price and time. Certain of the Funds may enter into futures contracts and related options as permitted under CFTC rules5. The Sub-Advisers expect that the Funds’ futures transactions will generally include transactions: (i) on domestic and foreign exchanges on currencies, interest rates and bond indices; and (ii) on domestic and, to the extent permitted by the CFTC, foreign exchanges on stock indices. In addition, the ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund may invest, through its Subsidiary, in commodity futures contracts. For additional information on these types of instruments, please see “Commodity-Linked Instruments” in this SAI.

The Adviser is registered with the CFTC as a CPO. In addition, with respect to certain of the Funds, the Sub-Adviser is registered with the CFTC as a CTA. With respect to certain of the Funds where the Sub-Adviser is registered neither as a CPO or CTA, the Adviser and Sub-Adviser intend to comply with the requirements of the CEA by operating the Fund in a manner consistent with the restrictions of Rule 4.5, including filing a notice of eligibility of exemption from registration in accordance with applicable procedures, or alternatively operating the Fund in a manner such that the Fund’s activities are not subject to the CEA.

Futures contracts are generally bought and sold on the commodities exchanges on which they are listed with payment of initial and variation margin as described below. The sale of a futures contract creates a firm obligation by a Fund, as seller, to deliver to the buyer the specific type of financial instrument called for in the contract at a specific future time for a specified price (or, with respect to certain instruments, the net cash amount). A Fund may use futures contracts and related options for hedging purposes and for investment purposes. A Fund’s use of financial futures contracts and options thereon will in all cases be consistent with applicable regulatory requirements and in particular the rules and regulations of the CFTC. Maintaining a futures contract or selling an option on a futures contract will typically require the Fund to deposit with a

 

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financial intermediary, as security for its obligations, an amount of cash or other specified assets (“initial margin”) that initially is from 1% to 10% of the face amount of the contract (but may be higher in some circumstances). Additional cash or assets (“variation margin”) may be required to be deposited thereafter daily as the mark-to-market value of the futures contract fluctuates. The value of all futures contracts sold by a Fund (adjusted for the historical volatility relationship between the Fund and the contracts) will not exceed the total market value of the Fund’s securities. Each Fund will designate assets with respect to futures contracts and options thereon as described below under “Use of Segregated and Other Special Accounts.”

Interest Rate Futures Contracts

Each Fund may enter into interest rate futures contracts, for example, in order to protect it from fluctuations in interest rates without necessarily buying or selling fixed income securities. An interest rate futures contract is an agreement to take or make delivery of either: (i) an amount of cash equal to the difference between the value of a particular debt security or index of debt securities at the beginning and at the end of the contract period; or (ii) a specified amount of a particular debt security at a future date at a price set at time of the contract. For example, if a Fund owns bonds, and interest rates are expected to increase, the Fund might sell futures contracts on debt securities having characteristics similar to those held in the portfolio. Such a sale would have much the same effect as selling an equivalent value of the bonds owned by the Fund. If interest rates did increase, the value of the debt securities in the portfolio would decline, but the value of the futures contracts to the Fund would increase at approximately the same rate, thereby keeping the net asset value of the Fund from declining as much as it otherwise would have. The Fund could accomplish similar results by selling bonds with longer maturities and investing in bonds with shorter maturities when interest rates are expected to increase. However, because the futures market may be more liquid than the cash market, the use of futures contracts as a risk management technique allows the Fund to take a position without having to sell its portfolio securities. Similarly, when the Sub-Adviser expects that interest rates may decline, a Fund may purchase interest rate futures contracts in an attempt to hedge against having to make subsequently anticipated purchases of bonds at the higher prices subsequently expected to prevail. Since the fluctuations in the value of appropriately selected futures contracts should be similar to that of the bonds that will be purchased, a Fund could take advantage of the anticipated rise in the cost of the bonds without actually buying them until the market had stabilized.

The use of options and futures transactions entails risks. In particular, the variable degree of correlation between price movements of futures contracts and price movements in the related portfolio position of a Fund could create the possibility that losses on the derivative will be greater than gains in the value of the Fund’s position. In addition, futures and options markets could be illiquid in some circumstances and certain OTC options could have no markets. A Fund might not be able to close out certain positions without incurring substantial losses. To the extent a Fund utilizes futures and options transactions for hedging, such transactions should tend to decrease the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged position and, at the same time, limit any potential gain to the Fund that might result from an increase in value of the position. There is also the risk of loss by a Fund of margin deposits in the event of bankruptcy of a broker with whom the Fund has an open position in a futures contract or option thereon. Finally, the daily variation margin requirements for futures contracts create a greater ongoing potential financial risk than would purchases of options, in which case the exposure is limited to the cost of the initial premium and transaction costs.

 

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Options

A put option gives the purchaser of the option, upon payment of a premium, the right to sell, and the writer of the option the obligation to buy (if the option is exercised), the underlying security, index, currency or other instrument at the exercise price. A Fund’s purchase of a put option on a security, for example, might be designed to protect its holdings in the underlying instrument (or, in some cases, a similar instrument) against a substantial decline in the market value of such instrument by giving the Fund the right to sell the instrument at the option exercise price. A call option, upon payment of a premium, gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy (if the option is exercised), and the seller the obligation to sell, the underlying instrument at the exercise price. A Fund’s purchase of a call option on a security, financial futures contract, index, currency or other instrument might be intended to protect the Fund against an increase in the price of the underlying instrument that it intends to purchase in the future by fixing the price at which it may purchase the instrument. An “American” style put or call option may be exercised at any time during the option period, whereas a “European” style put or call option may be exercised only upon expiration or during a fixed period prior to expiration. Exchange-listed options are issued by a regulated intermediary such as the Options Clearing Corporation (“OCC”), which guarantees the performance of the obligations of the parties to the options.

In order to hedge against adverse market shifts or to potentially increase income or gain, a Fund may purchase put and call options or write “covered” put and call options on futures contracts on stocks, stock indices, interest rates and currencies. In addition, a Fund may utilize options on currencies in order to hedge against currency exchange rate risks or to gain exposure to one or more currencies. A call option written by a Fund is “covered” so long as the Fund owns: (i) the underlying investment subject to the option; (ii) securities convertible or exchangeable without the payment of any consideration into the securities subject to the option; or (iii) a call option on the relevant security or currency with an exercise price no higher than the exercise price on the call option written. A put option written by a Fund is “covered” if the Fund either (a) designates on its or its custodian records liquid securities having a value at least equal to the exercise price of the underlying investment or (b) has certain offsetting puts. Parties to options transactions must make certain payments and/or set aside certain amounts of assets in connection with each transaction.

By writing a call, a Fund will generally limit its opportunity to profit from an increase in the market value of the underlying investment above the exercise price of the option for as long as the Fund’s obligation as writer of the option continues. By writing a put, a Fund will generally limit its opportunity to profit from a decrease in the market value of the underlying investment below the exercise price of the option for as long as the Fund’s obligation as writer of the option continues. Upon the exercise of a put option written by a Fund, the Fund may suffer an economic loss equal to the difference between the price at which the Fund is required to purchase the underlying investment and its market value at the time of the option exercise, less the premium received for writing the option. Upon the exercise of a call option written by a Fund, the Fund may suffer an economic loss equal to an amount not less than the Fund’s acquisition cost of the investment underlying the option, less the sum of the premium received for writing the option and the exercise price paid to the Fund.

 

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A Fund may choose to exercise the options it holds, permit them to expire or terminate them prior to their expiration by entering into closing transactions. A Fund may enter into a closing purchase transaction in which the Fund purchases an option having the same terms as the option it had written or a closing sale transaction in which the Fund sells an option having the same terms as the option it had purchased.

Exchange-listed options on securities and currencies, with certain exceptions, generally settle by physical delivery of the underlying security or currency, although in the future, cash settlement may become available. Frequently, rather than taking or making delivery of the underlying instrument through the process of exercising the option, listed options are closed by entering into offsetting purchase or sale transactions that do not result in ownership of the new option. Index options are cash settled for the net amount, if any, by which the option is “in-the-money” (that is, the amount by which the value of the underlying instrument exceeds, in the case of a call option, or is less than, in the case of a put option, the exercise price of the option) at the time the option is exercised.

OTC options are purchased from or sold to securities dealers, financial institutions or other parties (collectively referred to as “counterparties” and individually referred to as a “counterparty”) through a direct bilateral agreement with the counterparty. In contrast to exchange-listed options, which generally have standardized terms and performance mechanics, the terms of an OTC option, including such terms as method of settlement, term, exercise price, premium, guaranties and security, are determined by negotiation of the parties.

Unless the parties provide for it, no central clearing or guaranty function is involved in an OTC option. As a result, if a counterparty fails to make or take delivery of the security, currency or other instrument underlying an OTC option it has entered into with a Fund or fails to make a cash settlement payment due in accordance with the terms of that option, the Fund will lose any premium it paid for the option as well as any anticipated benefit of the transaction. Thus, the Sub-Adviser must assess the creditworthiness of each such counterparty or any guarantor or credit enhancement of the counterparty’s credit to determine the likelihood that the terms of the OTC option will be met.

If a Fund sells a call option, the premium that it receives may serve as a partial hedge, to the extent of the option premium, against a decrease in the value of the underlying securities or instruments held by the Fund or will increase the Fund’s income. Similarly, the sale of put options can also provide gains for a Fund. A Fund may purchase and sell call options on securities that are traded on U.S. and foreign securities exchanges and in the OTC markets, and on securities indices, currencies and futures contracts. All calls sold by a Fund must be “covered” (that is, the Fund must own the securities or futures contract subject to the call), or must otherwise meet the asset segregation requirements described below for so long as the call is outstanding. Even though the Fund will receive the option premium to help protect it against loss, use of options could result in losses to the Fund, force the purchase or sale of portfolio securities at inopportune times or for prices higher or lower than current market values, or cause the Fund to hold a security it might otherwise sell or sell a security it might otherwise hold.

 

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A Fund’s ability to close out its position as a purchaser or seller of an OCC-issued or exchange-listed put or call option is dependent, in part, upon the liquidity of the particular option market. Among the possible reasons for the absence of a liquid option market on an exchange are: (i) insufficient trading interest in certain options; (ii) restrictions on transactions imposed by an exchange; (iii) trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions imposed with respect to particular classes or series of options or underlying securities, including reaching daily price limits; (iv) interruption of the normal operations of the OCC or an exchange; (v) inadequacy of the facilities of an exchange or the OCC to handle current trading volume; or (vi) a decision by one or more exchanges to discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of options), in which event the relevant market for that option on that exchange would cease to exist, although any such outstanding options on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.

The hours of trading for listed options may not coincide with the hours during which the underlying financial instruments are traded. To the extent that the option markets close before the markets for the underlying financial instruments, significant price and rate movements can take place in the underlying markets that would not be reflected in the corresponding option markets.

Each of the Funds reserves the right to purchase or sell options on instruments and indices other than those described here and which may be developed in the future to the extent consistent with applicable law, the Fund’s investment objective and the restrictions set forth herein.

Options on Stocks and Stock Indices

Each Fund may purchase put and call options and write covered put and call options on stocks and stock indices in order to hedge against movements in the equity markets or to potentially increase income or gain to the Fund. In addition, the Funds may purchase options on stocks that are traded over-the-counter. Options on stock indices are similar to options on specific securities. However, because options on stock indices do not involve the delivery of an underlying security, the option represents the holder’s right to obtain from the writer cash in an amount equal to a fixed multiple of the amount by which the exercise price exceeds (in the case of a put) or is less than (in the case of a call) the closing value of the underlying stock index on the exercise date. Options are also traded in certain industry or market segment indices such as the Oil Index, the Computer Technology Index, and the Transportation Index. Stock index options are subject to position and exercise limits and other regulations imposed by the exchange on which they are traded.

If the Sub-Adviser expects general stock market prices to rise, a Fund might purchase a call option on a stock index or a futures contract on that index as a hedge against an increase in prices of particular equity securities it wants ultimately to buy. If the stock index does rise, the price of the particular equity securities intended to be purchased may also increase, but that increase should be offset in part by the increase in the value of the Fund’s index option or futures contract

 

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resulting from the increase in the index. If, on the other hand, the Sub-Adviser expects general stock market prices to decline, it might purchase a put option or sell a futures contract on the index. If that index does decline, the value of some or all of the equity securities in the Fund’s portfolio may also be expected to decline, but that decrease would be offset in part by the increase in the value of the Fund’s position in such put option or futures contract.

Options on Currencies

Each Fund may invest in options on currencies traded on domestic and foreign securities exchanges in order to hedge against currency exchange rate risks or to increase income or gain, as described above in “Currency Transactions.”

Options on Futures Contracts

Each Fund may purchase put and call options and write covered put and call options on futures contracts on stock indices, interest rates and currencies traded on domestic and, to the extent permitted by the CFTC, foreign exchanges, in order to hedge all or a portion of its investments or to increase income or gain and may enter into closing transactions in order to terminate existing positions. There is no guarantee that such closing transactions can be affected. An option on a stock index futures contract, interest rate futures contract or currency futures contract, as contrasted with the direct investment in such a contract, gives the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in the underlying contract at a specified exercise price at any time on or before the expiration date of the option. Upon exercise of an option, the delivery of the futures position by the writer of the option to the holder of the option will be accompanied by delivery of the accumulated balance in the writer’s futures margin account. The potential loss related to the purchase of an option on a futures contract is limited to the premium paid for the option (plus transaction costs). While the price of the option is fixed at the point of sale, the value of the option does change daily and the change would be reflected in the net asset value of the Fund.

The purchase of an option on a financial futures contract involves payment of a premium for the option without any further obligation on the part of the Fund. If the Fund exercises an option on a futures contract it will be obligated to post initial margin (and potentially variation margin) for the resulting futures position just as it would for any futures position. Futures contracts and options thereon are generally settled by entering into an offsetting transaction, but no assurance can be given that a position can be offset prior to settlement or that delivery will occur.

Interest Rate and Equity Swaps and Related Transactions

Each Fund may enter into interest rate and equity swaps and may purchase or sell (i.e., write) interest rate and equity caps, floors and collars. Each Fund expects to enter into these transactions in order to hedge against either a decline in the value of the securities included in the Fund’s portfolio, or against an increase in the price of the securities which it plans to purchase, in order to preserve or maintain a return or spread on a particular investment or portion of its portfolio or to achieve a particular return on cash balances, or in order to increase income or gain. Interest rate and equity swaps involve the exchange by a Fund with another party of their

 

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respective commitments to make or receive payments based on a notional principal amount. The purchase of an interest rate or equity cap entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index exceeds a predetermined level, to receive payments on a contractually-based principal amount from the party selling the interest rate or equity cap. The purchase of an interest rate or equity floor entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index falls below a predetermined rate, to receive payments on a contractually-based principal amount from the party selling the interest rate or equity floor. A collar is a combination of a cap and a floor which preserve a certain return within a predetermined range of values.

Each Fund will usually enter into interest rate and equity swaps on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out), with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments. The net amount of the excess, if any, of a Fund’s obligations over its entitlements with respect to each interest rate or equity swap will generally be accrued on a daily basis, and an amount of liquid assets having an aggregate net asset value at least equal to the accrued excess will be designated to cover such liability. If a Fund enters into an interest rate or equity swap on other than a net basis, the Fund will designate the full amount accrued on a daily basis of the Fund’s obligations with respect to the swap.

The use of interest rate and equity swaps is a highly specialized activity which involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. If the Sub-Adviser is incorrect in its forecasts of market values, interest rates and other applicable factors, the investment performance of the Funds would diminish compared with what it would have been if these investment techniques were not utilized. Moreover, even if the Sub-Adviser is correct in its forecasts, there is a risk that the swap position may correlate imperfectly with the price of the asset or liability being hedged.

As is the case with futures and options strategies, the effective use of swaps and related transactions by a Fund may depend, among other things, on the Fund’s ability to terminate the transactions at times when the Sub-Adviser deems it desirable to do so. To the extent the Fund does not, or cannot, terminate such a transaction in a timely manner, the Fund may suffer a loss in excess of any amounts that it may have received, or expected to receive, as a result of entering into the transaction.

The liquidity of swap agreements will be determined by the Sub-Adviser based on various factors, including (i) the frequency of trades and quotations, (ii) the number of dealers and prospective purchasers in the marketplace, (iii) dealer undertakings to make a market, (iv) the nature of the security (including any demand or tender features), and (v) the nature of the marketplace for trades (including the ability to assign or offset the a Fund’s rights and obligations relating to the investment).

There is no limit on the amount of interest rate and equity swap transactions that may be entered into by a Fund. The effective use of swaps and related transactions by a Fund may depend, among other things, on the Fund’s ability to terminate the transactions at times when the Sub-Adviser deems it desirable to do so. Because swaps and related transactions are bilateral contractual arrangements between the Fund and counterparties to the transactions, the Fund’s ability to terminate such an arrangement may be considerably more limited than in the case of an

 

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exchange traded instrument. To the extent a Fund does not, or cannot, terminate such a transaction in a timely manner, the Fund may suffer a loss in excess of any amounts that it may have received, or expected to receive, as a result of entering into the transaction. If the other party to a swap defaults, the Fund’s risk of loss is the net amount of payments that the Fund contractually is entitled to receive, if any. A Fund may purchase and sell caps, floors and collars without limitation, subject to the segregated account requirement described above.

Credit Default Swaps

Each Fund may enter into credit default swap contracts for hedging purposes or to add leverage to its portfolio. When used for hedging purposes, a Fund would be the buyer of a credit default swap contract. In that case, the Fund would be entitled to receive the par (or other agreed-upon) value of a referenced debt obligation, index or other investment from the counterparty to the contract in the event of a default by a third party, such as a U.S. or foreign issuer, on the referenced debt obligation. In return, the Fund would pay to the counterparty a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract provided that no event of default has occurred. If no default occurs, the Fund would have spent the stream of payments and received no benefit from the contract. When a Fund is the seller of a credit default swap contract, it receives the stream of payments but is obligated to pay upon default of the referenced debt obligation. As the seller, the Fund would effectively add leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to its total assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap.

In addition to the risks applicable to derivatives generally, credit default swaps involve special risks because they are difficult to value, are highly susceptible to liquidity and credit risk, and generally pay a return to the party that has paid the premium only in the event of an actual default by the issuer of the underlying obligation, as opposed to a credit downgrade or other indication of financial difficulty.

Credit default swaps may be subject to regulation by the CFTC, SEC or both. Both the CFTC and the SEC have issued guidance and relief regarding the implementation of various provisions of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) relating to the use of swaps. As they attempt to finalize various rulemakings mandated by the Dodd-Frank Act, either or both of the CFTC and SEC may issue additional guidance or relief to provide additional clarity. Further action by the CFTC or SEC may affect a Fund’s ability to use credit default swaps or may require additional disclosure by a Fund.

Indexed Securities

Each Fund may purchase securities whose prices are indexed to the prices of other securities, securities indices, currencies, or other financial indicators. Indexed securities typically, but not always, are debt securities or deposits whose value at maturity or coupon rate is determined by reference to a specific instrument or statistic. Currency-indexed securities typically are short-term to intermediate-term debt securities whose maturity values or interest rates are determined by reference to the values of one or more specified foreign currencies, and may offer higher yields than U.S. dollar-denominated securities of equivalent issuers. Currency-indexed securities may be positively or negatively indexed; that is, their maturity value may increase when the

 

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specified currency value increases, resulting in a security that performs similarly to a foreign currency-denominated instrument, or their maturity value may decline when foreign currencies increase, resulting in a security whose price characteristics are similar to a put on the underlying currency. Currency-indexed securities may also have prices that depend on the values of a number of different foreign currencies relative to each other.

Because the amount of interest and/or principal payments which the issuer of indexed debt securities is obligated to make is linked to the prices of other securities, securities indices, currencies, or other financial indicators, such payments may be significantly greater or less than payment obligations in respect of other types of debt securities. As a result, an investment in indexed debt securities may be considered speculative. Moreover, the performance of indexed securities depends to a great extent on the performance of and may be more volatile than the security, currency, or other instrument to which they are indexed, and may also be influenced by interest rate changes in the United States and abroad. At the same time, indexed securities are subject to the credit risks associated with the issuer of the security, and their values may decline substantially if the issuer’s creditworthiness deteriorates.

Losses resulting from the use of derivatives will reduce a Fund’s net asset value, and possibly income, and the losses can be greater than if derivatives had not been used.

Combined Transactions

Each Fund may enter into multiple transactions, including multiple options transactions, multiple futures transactions, multiple currency transactions (including forward currency contracts), multiple interest rate transactions and any combination of futures, options, currency and interest rate transactions, instead of a single derivative, as part of a single or combined strategy when, in the judgment of the Sub-Adviser, it is in the best interests of the Fund to do so. A combined transaction will usually contain elements of risk that are present in each of its component transactions. Although combined transactions will normally be entered into by a Fund based on the Sub-Adviser’s judgment that the combined strategies will reduce risk or otherwise more effectively achieve the desired portfolio management goal, it is possible that the combination will instead increase the risks or hinder achievement of the Fund’s investment objective.

Use of Segregated and Other Special Accounts

Use of many derivatives by a Fund will require, among other things, that the Fund designate liquid assets to cover its obligations under the derivative to the extent the Fund’s obligations are not otherwise “covered” through ownership of the underlying security, financial instrument or currency or otherwise. In general, either the full amount of any obligation by the Fund to pay or deliver securities or assets must be covered at all times by the securities, instruments or currency required to be delivered, or, subject to any regulatory restrictions, an amount of liquid assets at least equal to the current amount of the obligation must be designated. A call option on securities written by a Fund, for example, will require the Fund to hold the securities subject to the call (or securities convertible into the needed securities without additional consideration) or to designate liquid securities sufficient to purchase and deliver the securities if the call is exercised. A call option sold by a Fund on an index will require the Fund to own portfolio securities that correlate

 

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with the index or to segregate liquid securities equal to the excess of the index value over the exercise price on a current basis. A put option on securities written by a Fund will require the Fund to designate liquid securities equal to the exercise price.

The options entered into by a Fund, including those on securities, currency, financial instruments or indices, and OCC-issued and exchange-listed index options may provide for cash settlement or for physical delivery.

Derivatives may be covered by means other than those described above when consistent with applicable regulatory policies. Each Fund may also enter into offsetting transactions so that its combined position, coupled with any segregated assets, equals its net outstanding obligation in related derivatives. The Fund could purchase a put option, for example, if the strike price of that option is the same as or higher than the strike price of a put option sold by the Fund. Moreover, instead of designating assets if it holds a futures contract or forward contract, the Fund could purchase a put option on the same futures contract or forward contract with a strike price as high as or higher than the price of the contract held. Other derivatives may also be offset in combinations. If the offsetting transaction terminates at the time of or after the primary transaction, no segregation is required, but if it terminates prior to that time, assets equal to any remaining obligation would need to be segregated.

Risks of Derivatives Outside the United States

When conducted outside the United States, derivatives may not be regulated as rigorously as in the United States, may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees, and will be subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities, currencies and other instruments. In addition, the price of any foreign futures or foreign options contract and, therefore, the potential profit and loss thereon, may be affected by any variance in the foreign exchange rate between the time an order is placed and the time it is liquidated, offset or exercised. The value of positions taken as part of non-U.S. derivatives also could be adversely affected by: (i) other complex foreign political, legal and economic factors; (ii) lesser availability of data on which to make trading decisions than in the United States; (iii) delays in a Fund’s ability to act upon economic events occurring in foreign markets during nonbusiness hours in the United States; (iv) the imposition of different exercise and settlement terms and procedures and margin requirements than in the United States; and (v) lower trading volume and liquidity.

Short Sales

Each Fund may make short sales of securities consistent with its strategies. A short sale is a transaction in which a Fund sells a security it does not own in anticipation that the market price of that security will decline.

When a Fund makes a short sale, it must borrow the security sold short and deliver it to the broker-dealer through which it made the short sale as collateral for its obligation to deliver the security upon conclusion of the sale. The Fund may have to pay a fee to borrow particular securities and is often obligated to pay over any accrued interest and dividends on such borrowed securities.

 

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If the price of the security sold short increases between the time of the short sale and the time that a Fund replaces the borrowed security, the Fund will incur a loss; conversely, if the price declines, the Fund will realize a capital gain. Any gain will be decreased, and any loss increased, by the transaction costs described above. The successful use of short selling may be adversely affected by imperfect correlation between movements in the price of the security sold short and the securities being hedged.

To the extent that a Fund engages in short sales, it will provide collateral to the broker-dealer and (except in the case of short sales “against the box”) will maintain additional asset coverage in the form of segregated or “earmarked” assets that the Sub-Adviser determines to be liquid in accordance with procedures established by the Board and that is equal to the current market value of the securities sold short, or will ensure that such positions are covered by “offsetting” positions, until the Fund replaces the borrowed security. A short sale is “against the box” to the extent that the Fund contemporaneously owns, or has the right to obtain at no added cost, securities identical to those sold short. Each Fund may engage in short selling to the extent permitted by the federal securities laws and rules and interpretations thereunder. To the extent a Fund engages in short selling in foreign (non-U.S.) jurisdictions, the Fund will do so to the extent permitted by the laws and regulations of such jurisdiction.

Non-U.S. Securities

Investors should recognize that investing in the securities of non-U.S. issuers generally, and particularly in emerging market issuers, involves special considerations which are not typically associated with investing in securities of U.S. issuers. Investments in securities of non-U.S. issuers may involve risks arising from differences between U.S. and non-U.S. securities markets, including less volume, much greater price volatility in and relative illiquidity of non-U.S. securities markets, different trading and settlement practices, and less governmental supervision and regulation, from changes in currency exchange rates, from high and volatile rates of inflation, from economic, social and political conditions and, as with domestic multinational corporations, from fluctuating interest rates.

Since most non-U.S. securities are denominated in non-U.S. currencies or traded primarily in securities markets in which settlements are made in non-U.S. currencies, the value of these investments and the net investment income available for distribution to shareholders of the Funds may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in currency exchange rates or exchange control regulations. Because a Fund may purchase securities denominated in non-U.S. currencies, a change in the value of any such currency against the U.S. dollar will result in a change in the U.S. dollar value of the Fund’s assets and the Fund’s income available for distribution. A Fund’s foreign currency transactions may give rise to ordinary income or loss, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency.

In addition, although a Fund’s income may be received or realized in foreign currencies, the Fund will be required to compute and distribute its income in U.S. dollars. Therefore, if the value

 

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of a currency relative to the U.S. dollar declines after the Fund’s income has been earned in that currency, translated into U.S. dollars and declared as a dividend, but before payment of such dividend, the Fund could be required to liquidate portfolio securities to pay such dividend. Similarly, if the value of a currency relative to the U.S. dollar declines between the time a Fund incurs expenses or other obligations in U.S. dollars in order to pay such expenses in U.S. dollars will be greater than the equivalent amount in such currency of such expenses at the time they were incurred.

Certain markets are in only the earliest stages of development. There is also a high concentration of market capitalization and trading volume in a small number of issuers representing a limited number of industries, as well as a high concentration of investors and financial intermediaries. Many of such markets also may be affected by developments with respect to more established markets in the region. Brokers in non-U.S. and emerging market countries typically are fewer in number and less capitalized than brokers in the United States. These factors, combined with the U.S. regulatory requirements for open-end investment companies and the restrictions on foreign investment, result in potentially fewer investment opportunities for a Fund and may have an adverse impact on the investment performance of the Fund. There generally is less governmental supervision and regulation of exchanges, brokers and issuers in non-U.S. countries than there is in the United States. For example, there may be no comparable provisions under certain non-U.S. laws to insider trading and similar investor protection securities laws that apply with respect to securities transactions consummated in the United States. Further, brokerage commissions and other transaction costs on non-U.S. securities exchanges generally are higher than in the United States. With respect to investments in certain emerging market countries, less comprehensive legal systems may have an adverse impact on a Fund. For example, while the potential liability of a shareholder in a U.S. corporation with respect to acts of the corporation is generally limited to the amount of the shareholder’s investment, the notion of limited liability is less clear in emerging market countries. Similarly, the rights of investors in emerging market companies may be more limited than those of shareholders of U.S. corporations.

Other investment risks include the possible imposition of foreign withholding taxes on certain amounts of a Fund’s income which may reduce the net return on non-U.S. investments as compared to income received from a U.S. issuer, the possible seizure or nationalization of foreign assets and the possible establishment of exchange controls, expropriation, confiscatory taxation, other foreign governmental laws or restrictions which might affect adversely payments due on securities held by the Fund, the lack of extensive operating experience of eligible foreign sub-custodians, and legal limitations on the ability of the Fund to recover assets held in custody by a foreign sub-custodian in the event of the sub-custodian’s bankruptcy.

In addition, there may be less publicly-available information about a non-U.S. issuer than about a U.S. issuer, and non-U.S. issuers may not be subject to the same accounting, auditing and financial record-keeping standards and requirements as U.S. issuers. In particular, the assets and profits appearing on the financial statements of an emerging market country issuer may not reflect its financial position or results of operations in the way they would be reflected had the financial statements been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. In addition, for an issuer that keeps accounting records in local currency, inflation accounting rules may require, for both tax and accounting purposes, that certain assets and

 

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liabilities be restated on the issuer’s balance sheet in order to express items in terms of currency of constant purchasing power. Inflation accounting may indirectly generate losses or profits. Consequently, financial data may be materially affected by restatements for inflation and may not accurately reflect the real condition of those issuers and securities markets. Finally, in the event of a default of any such foreign obligations, it may be more difficult for a Fund to obtain or enforce a judgment against the issuers of such obligations. The manner in which foreign investors may invest in companies in certain emerging market countries, as well as limitations on such investments, also may have an adverse impact on the operations of a Fund. For example, the Fund may be required in certain of such countries to invest initially through a local broker or other entity and then have the shares purchased re-registered in the name of the Fund. Re-registration may in some instances not be able to occur on a timely basis, resulting in a delay during which the Fund may be denied certain of its rights as an investor.

Non-U.S. markets have different clearance and settlement procedures, and in certain markets there have been times when settlements have failed to keep pace with the volume of securities transactions, making it difficult to conduct such transactions. Further, satisfactory custodial services for investment securities may not be available in some countries having smaller emerging markets, which may result in a Fund incurring additional costs and delays in transporting and custodying such securities outside such countries. Delays in settlement or other problems could result in periods when assets of the Fund are uninvested and no return is earned thereon. The inability of a Fund to make intended security purchases due to settlement problems or the risk of intermediary counterparty failures could cause the Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities. The inability to dispose of a portfolio security due to settlement problems could result either in losses to the Fund due to subsequent declines in the value of such portfolio security or, if a Fund has entered into a contract to sell the security, could result in possible liability to the purchaser.

Considerations for the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund

With respect to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund, although the Indian primary and secondary equity markets have grown rapidly over the last few years and the clearing, settlement and registration systems available to effect trades on the Indian stock markets have improved, these processes may still not be on par with those in more developed markets. The Indian securities markets are generally smaller and more volatile than the securities markets of the United States. The Indian stock market has in the past experienced substantial price volatility and no assurance can be given that such volatility will not occur in the future. The Indian stock exchanges have been subject to broker defaults, failed trades and settlement delays in the past. In addition, in the event of occurrence of any of the above events, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (“SEBI”) can impose restrictions on trading in certain securities, limitations on price movements and margin requirements.

There is typically a lower level of regulation and monitoring of the Indian securities market and the activities of investors, brokers and other participants than in the United States. Indian disclosure and regulatory standards are in many respects less stringent than standards in developed countries. There may be less publicly available information about Indian companies than is regularly published by or about companies in such other countries. Indian accounting standards and requirements also differ in significant respects from those applicable to companies in the United States and other developed countries.

 

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Foreign investment in the securities of issuers in India is usually restricted or controlled to some degree. In India, only SEBI registered “Foreign Institutional Investors” (“FIIs”), or their sub-accounte, and non-Indian mutual funds (into schemes of domestic mutual funds) that comply with certain statutory conditions and Qualified Foreign Investors, may make portfolio investments in exchange-traded Indian securities (and securities to be listed or those approved on the over-the-counter exchange of India). The Portfolio is registered with SEBI as a “Sub-Account” of the Sub-Adviser to utilize the Sub-Adviser’s existing registration as an FII with SEBI. Any cancellation of such FII registration or the non-renewal of the registration poses a risk to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.

The Portfolio is registered as a Sub-Account with SEBI as a ‘broad based fund’ and fulfills the board based criteria on a look through basis. In case the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund is not able to meet the requirements of being a ‘broad based fund,’ it would affect the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund’s ability to invest and may also have an opportunity cost of finding other suitable investments. Any cancellation of such Sub-Account registration or the non-renewal of the registration also poses a risk to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund.

For this purpose, the broad-based criteria means, in reference to a Sub-Account, the criteria required to be satisfied by a Sub-Account under the SEBI (Foreign Institutional Investor) Regulations 19956 (“SEBI FII Regulations”) to be considered a broad based Sub-Account. Currently the SEBI FII Regulations require a broad based sub-account to have at least 20 (twenty) investors, with no single individual investor holding more than 49 (forty nine) percent shares or units of the fund; provided that if the broad based sub-account has institutional investor(s) it shall not be necessary for the fund to have 20 (twenty) investors, provided further that if the broad based sub-account has an institutional investor who holds more than 49 (forty nine) percent of the shares or units in the fund, then the institutional investor must itself be a broad based Sub- Account.

Investment by FIIs and sub-accounts is regulated under SEBI FII Regulations and Foreign Exchange Management (Transfer or issue of security by a person resident outside India) Regulations, 2000.

Under the extant SEBI FII Regulations, FIIs are permitted to invest in the following:

 

   

securities in the primary and secondary markets including shares, debentures and warrants of companies unlisted, listed or to be listed on a recognized stock exchange in India

   

units of schemes floated by domestic mutual funds including Unit Trust of India, whether listed on a recognized stock exchange in India or not or units of a scheme floated by a Collective Investment Scheme;

   

dated Government securities;

   

derivatives traded on a recognized stock exchange,

   

commercial paper;

 

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security receipts of asset reconstruction companies; and

   

Indian depository receipts.

Further, FIIs are allowed to engage in delivery based trading and short selling including execution of trades involving derivatives on a recognized stock exchange. FIIs are allowed to tender their shares in case of an open offer following the takeover bid by an acquirer. FIIs are also permitted to take forward cover on their equity and debt exposure to mitigate against currency fluctuations.

Under the existing FII Regulations, the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund can invest only up to 10% of the total paid-up equity capital or 10% of the paid-up value of each series of convertible debentures issued by an Indian company. The investment of the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund is accordingly restricted to that extent. Further, the debt limit is allocated to the FII or sub-accounts in an open bidding platform. The aggregate investments by FIIs in corporate debt and government securities are regulated by Reserve Bank of India (“RBI”) and SEBI. Pursuant to circulars issued by RBI and SEBI, all previous sub-limits for investments into Government debt securities and Corporate debt securities have been rationalized and broadly merged into two categories – government debt (limit of USD 25 billion with an additional limit of USD 5 billion available to sovereign wealth funds, multilateral agencies, endowment funds, insurance funds, pension funds and foreign central banks) and corporate debt (limit of USD 51 billion). Such limits may made available through a first come first serve basis, auction mechanism or such other process as may be notified by SEBI.

The ownership restrictions applicable to FIIs and each sub-account are as follows:

The aggregate FII and sub-account holding in any Indian company cannot exceed 24% of the entire paid-up share capital of that company which limit can be further extended to the applicable foreign investment limit in a specific sector if the shareholders of a company pass a special resolution to that effect. Currently, barring a few sectors such as telecom services and banking, foreign investment up to 100% is permitted in most sectors.

As per the SEBI FII Regulations, and the recent Consolidated Foreign Direct Investments (“FDI”) Policy which is effective from April 5, 2013, no single FII or its broad based sub-accounts can hold more than 10% of the paid-up share capital of an Indian company.

Participatory notes and derivative instruments

While, FIIs are allowed to issue P-Notes and offshore derivative instruments (to entities that are regulated by any relevant regulatory authority in the countries of their incorporation or establishment), as of October 25, 2007, SEBI has prohibited the issuance of offshore derivative instruments (including P-Notes) by sub-accounts of FIIs.

Since sub-accounts are permitted to invest in offshore derivative instruments, the Portfolio may subscribe to offshore derivative instruments issued by other FIIs, subject to the fulfillment of applicable conditions.

 

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FIIs which have issued derivative instruments based on underlying Indian securities such as participatory notes and any other equivalent instrument are required to make a monthly disclosure to the SEBI as regards the details of the instrument as well as the ultimate investor in such instruments.

Secondary Market Investment

In respect of investment by the Portfolio in the Indian secondary market, the following additional conditions shall apply:

 

a)

It shall transact business only on the basis of taking and giving deliveries of securities bought and sold. However, this restriction is not applicable for transactions in derivatives on a recognized stock exchange. Further, it may enter in short selling transactions in securities within the framework permitted by SEBI;

 

b)

No transaction on the stock exchange shall be carried forward;

 

c)

The transaction of business in securities shall be only through a stock broker who has been granted a certificate by SEBI under sub-section (I) of section 12 of the SEBI Act, 1992;

 

d)

The purchase of the equity shares of each Indian company shall not exceed 10% of the total issued capital of that Indian company;

 

e)

The investment shall be subject to Government of India guidelines;

 

f)

It may lend or borrow securities through an approved intermediary in accordance with the stock lending scheme of SEBI; and

 

g)

It should appoint as custodian any agency approved by SEBI to act as a custodian of securities and for confirmation of transactions in securities, settlement of purchase and sale for information reporting.

In addition to the above, SEBI has laid down certain limits for exposure by FIIs and the sub-accounts in the derivatives traded on the Indian stock exchanges. If the Portfolio invests directly in such exchange traded derivatives in India, it would be required to comply with such investment limits as may be prescribed by SEBI from time to time.

Additionally, ownership of the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund by certain non-resident Indians and companies owned by non-resident Indians and ownership by the Portfolio of Indian companies may be restricted. Currently, under normal circumstances, income, gains and initial capital with respect to such investments are freely repatriable, subject to payment or withholding of applicable Indian taxes. There can be no assurance that these restrictions on foreign investment will not change in a way that makes it more difficult or impossible for the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund to implement its investment objective or repatriate its income, gains and initial capital from India.

 

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Since the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund invests predominantly in the securities of Indian companies, it may be subject to increased liquidity risks. This could inhibit the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund’s ability to meet a large number of shareholder redemption requests in the event of economic or political turmoil in India or neighboring regions or deterioration in relations between the United States and any such foreign country.

Foreign Portfolio Investment Regime: SEBI has recently accepted the proposal relating to certain changes to the regime dealing with portfolio investments intending to move towards a simplified and uniform entry norm for non-resident investors (i.e. FIIs, sub-accounts and QFIs) by merging them into a new investor class to be called ‘Foreign Portfolio Investors’ (“FPI”). Registration of FPIs will take place with Designated Depository Participants who will be required to follow KYC and other diligence requirements to be prescribed by SEBI. The FPI’s may not be required to be registered with SEBI in India.

As per the new FPI proposal, portfolio investments are to be seen as investments by any single investor or investor group and should not exceed 10% of the equity of an Indian company. Appropriate grandfathering provisions are proposed to be included in relation to the existing FII and QFI regimes.

If so required, the Portfolio may seek to invest into India as an FPI, subject to the terms and conditions as prescribed.

Draft Direct Taxes Code Bill. As part of its tax reform initiatives, the Government of India is in the process of revising, consolidating and simplifying the language and structure of India’s direct tax laws into a single piece of legislation – the Direct Tax Code (“DTC”). In furtherance of this objective, a draft bill for the DTC was placed before the Indian Parliament on August 30, 2010. The DTC is in its draft stages and was referred to a Parliamentary Standing Committee, which has given its recommendations on the DTC. Once the DTC is approved by both Houses of the Indian Parliament and receives the President’s assent, it would be enacted as law. As a result of the introduction of the DTC, it could have an impact on the taxability of the Portfolio, the Fund and could adversely impact the returns to the investors.

Developing and Emerging Markets. Investments in companies domiciled in developing countries, including India, may be subject to potentially higher risks than investments in developed countries. These risks include (i) less social, political and economic stability; (ii) the small current size of the markets for such securities and the currently low or nonexistent volume of trading, which result in a lack of liquidity and in greater price volatility; (iii) certain national policies which may restrict the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund’s investment opportunities, including restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests; (iv) foreign taxation; (v) the absence of developed legal structures governing private or foreign investment or allowing for judicial redress for injury to private property; (vi) the absence, until recently in many developing countries, of a capital market structure or market-oriented economy; and (vii) the possibility that recent favorable economic developments in some developing countries may be slowed or reversed by unanticipated political or social events in such countries.

 

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In addition, certain of the risks generally associated with international investments and investing in smaller capital markets are heightened for investments in emerging market countries such as India. For additional information regarding risks associated with investments in emerging market countries that may be applicable to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund, please see the section titled “Emerging Market Countries” in this SAI. A high proportion of the securities of many Indian issuers are held by a limited number of persons or entities, which may limit the number of shares available for investment by the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund. In addition, further issuances, or the perception that such issuances may occur, of securities by Indian issuers in which the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund has invested could dilute the earnings per share of the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund’s investment and could adversely affect the market price of such securities. Sales of securities by such issuer’s major shareholders, or the perception that such sales may occur, may also significantly and adversely affect the market price of such securities and, in turn, the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund’s investment. A limited number of issuers represent a disproportionately large percentage of market capitalization and trading value. The limited liquidity of the Indian securities markets may also affect the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund’s ability to acquire or dispose of securities at the price and time that it desires.

Investment into India from Mauritius. The Fund intends to invest into the Portfolio. The Portfolio, which shall invest in the securities of Indian companies, is an entity formed in the Republic of Mauritius which has elected to be treated as a disregarded entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes. A disregarded entity is a separate legal entity that is treated as part of its owner for U.S. federal income tax purposes

The taxation of the Portfolio in India shall be governed by the provisions of the India Income Tax Act, 1961 (“Act”), read with the provisions of the Treaty. As per Section 90(2) of the Act, the provisions of the Act would apply only to the extent they are more beneficial than the provisions of the Treaty. Circular No. 789 dated April 13, 2000 issued by the Central Board of Direct Taxes, India states that a certificate of residence is issued by the Mauritian authorities, shall constitute sufficient evidence for accepting the status of residence as well as beneficial ownership for applying the Treaty. Further, as per Section 90 of the Act, in order to avail the benefit of the Treaty, a person is required to obtain and provide a tax residence certificate issued by the Mauritius Revenue Authority along with prescribed information.

While the Portfolio currently holds a tax residency certificate in Mauritius and is expected to renew it on an annual basis, there is no guarantee that such renewal would be granted by the Mauritius Revenue Authority. In case the Portfolio is found not to be tax resident in Mauritius, the Portfolio may no longer be eligible for the benefits under certain provisions of the Treaty which consequently may have an adverse impact on the taxability of the Portfolio and the returns to the investors.

The Portfolio holds a Category 1 Global Business License issued by the Mauritius Financial Services Commission and will be subject to a tax rate of 15% on its net income in Mauritius. However, the Portfolio will be entitled to a foreign tax credit equivalent to the higher of the

 

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actual foreign tax paid or a deemed tax credit of 80% of the Mauritius tax on its foreign source income, which will result in a maximum tax rate of 3%. Capital gains will be exempt from income tax in Mauritius on disposals by the Portfolio of its investments. There is no withholding tax payable in Mauritius in respect of payments of dividends to investors or redemption of Participating Shares.

In 2004, India reduced from 10% to zero the tax rate on long-term capital gains arising from the sale on a recognized stock exchange in India of, among other things, equity shares and units of “equity oriented” funds, provided that the applicable securities transaction tax has been paid. The Indian tax rate on short-term capital gains arising from the sale on a recognized stock exchange in India provided that the applicable securities transaction tax has been paid was increased with effect from April 1, 2008 from 10% to 15% (subject to currently applicable surcharge on income of foreign companies being of 2% where total income of such foreign company does not exceed INR 100,000,000, or 5% in other cases, on tax payable (hereinafter referred to as “Surcharge”) and education cess and secondary higher education cess aggregating to 3% on tax payable and surcharge thereon (hereinafter referred to as “Education Cess”)). The primary tax advantage of investing through the Portfolio and relying on the Treaty is the elimination of the short-term capital gains tax applicable in India. Any change in the provision of this Treaty, in its applicability to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund or the Portfolio, or in the requirements established by Mauritius to qualify as a Mauritius resident, could result in the imposition of various taxes on the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund by India, which could reduce the return to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund on its investments. Further, the DTC proposes to introduce a uniform tax rate for all capital gains and thus, the reduced rate of 0% or 15% may be dispensed if the DTC is brought into effect.

Minimum Alternative Tax. In the event that the benefits of the Treaty are not available to the Portfolio, or if the Portfolio is held to have Permanent Establishment in India, the Portfolio may be subject to a Minimum Alternate Tax (“MAT”). As per the Act, if the tax payable by any company (including a foreign company) is less than 18.5% of its book profits, it will be required to pay MAT which will be deemed to be 18.5% (subject to applicable Surcharge and Education Cess) of such book profits. Long-term capital gains on the sale of listed securities are included in the definition of “book profits” for the purposes of calculating MAT.

For more information on taxation of the Portfolio is set out under “Taxes” in this SAI.

Political and Economic Developments. The growing interconnectivity of global economies and financial markets has increased the possibilities that conditions in one country or region might adversely impact the issuers of securities in a different country or region. In particular, the adoption or continuation of protectionist trade policies by one or more countries, or a slowdown in the U.S. economy, could lead to a decrease in demand for Indian products and reduced flows of private capital to the Indian economy.

In India, the government has exercised and continues to exercise significant influence over many aspects of the economy. Accordingly, government actions, bureaucratic obstacles and corruption have a significant effect on the economy and could adversely affect market conditions. These factors are extremely difficult, if not impossible, to predict and take into account with respect to the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund’s investments.

 

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Mauritius presently offers an established hub for international investments, with a regulatory structure and local business infrastructure designed to meet the needs of investment vehicles, including well-developed banking facilities and business links with a number of countries. Mauritius has been politically and economically stable country over the last several decades. However, as with any other developing country, there can be no assurance that it will continue to remain politically and economically stable, or that the advantageous regulatory and business climate will continue.

Diplomatic and political developments, including rapid and adverse political changes, social instability, regional conflicts, terrorism and war, could affect the economies, industries and securities and currency markets, and the value of the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund’s investments, in non-U.S. countries. Religious and border disputes persist in India, and India has from time to time experienced civil unrest and hostilities with countries such as Pakistan. The longstanding dispute with Pakistan over the bordering Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir, a majority of whose population is Muslim, remains unresolved. The Indian population is comprised of diverse religious, linguistic and ethnic groups, and from time to time, India has experienced internal disputes between religious groups within the country. The Indian government has confronted separatist movements in several Indian states. If the Indian government is unable to control the violence and disruption associated with these tensions, the results could destabilize the economy, and, consequently, adversely affect the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund’s investments.

Securities Related Activities

In some countries, banks or other financial institutions may constitute a substantial number of the leading companies or companies with the most actively traded securities. The 1940 Act limits a Fund’s ability to invest in any equity security of an issuer which, in its most recent fiscal year, derived more than 15% of its revenues from “securities related activities,” as defined by the rules thereunder. These provisions may also restrict a Fund’s investments in certain non-U.S. banks and other financial institutions.

Non-U.S. Sub-custodians

Rules adopted under the 1940 Act permit each Fund to maintain its non-U.S. securities and cash in the custody of certain eligible non-U.S. banks and securities depositories.

Certain banks in non-U.S. countries may not be eligible sub-custodians for either Fund, in which event the Fund may be precluded from purchasing securities in certain non-U.S. countries in which it otherwise would invest or which may result in the Fund’s incurring additional costs and delays in providing transportation and custody services for such securities outside of such countries. A Fund may encounter difficulties in effecting on a timely basis portfolio transactions with respect to any securities of issuers held outside their countries. Other banks that are eligible non-U.S. sub-custodians may be recently organized or otherwise lack extensive operating experience. In addition, in certain countries there may be legal restrictions or limitations on the ability of a Fund to recover assets held in custody by non-U.S. sub-custodians in the event of the bankruptcy of the sub-custodian.

 

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Credit Ratings

The securities in which either Fund will invest will not be required to meet a minimum rating standard and may not be rated for creditworthiness by any internationally recognized credit rating organization. Such securities, commonly referred to as “junk bonds,” involve significantly greater risks, including price volatility and risk of default of payment of interest and principal than higher rated securities. An investment in either Fund should not be considered as a complete investment program for all investors. Moreover, substantial investments in non-U.S. securities may have adverse tax implications as described under “Taxes.”

The Sub-Adviser will take various factors into consideration in evaluating the creditworthiness of an issuer. For corporate debt securities, such factors typically include the issuer’s financial resources, its sensitivity to economic conditions and trends, the operating history of the issuer, and the experience and track record of the issuer’s management. For sovereign debt instruments, these will typically include the economic and political conditions within the issuer’s country, the issuer’s overall and external debt levels and debt service ratios, the issuer’s access to capital markets and other sources of funding, and the issuer’s debt service payment history. The Sub-Adviser will also review the ratings, if any, assigned to the security by any recognized rating organizations, although the Sub-Adviser’s judgment as to the quality of a debt security may differ from that suggested by the rating published by a rating service. In addition to the foregoing credit analysis, the Sub-Adviser will evaluate the relative value of an investment compared with its perceived credit risk. A Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective may be more dependent on the Sub-Adviser’s credit analysis than would be the case if it invested in higher quality debt securities. A description of the ratings used by Moody’s and S&P is set forth in Appendix A.

Emerging Market Countries

Certain of the risks associated with international investments and investing in smaller capital markets are heightened for investments in emerging market countries. For example, some of the currencies of emerging market countries have experienced devaluations relative to the U.S. dollar, and major adjustments have been made periodically in certain of such currencies. Certain of such countries face serious exchange constraints. In addition, governments of many emerging market countries have exercised and continue to exercise substantial influence over many aspects of the private sector. In certain cases, the government owns or controls many companies, including the largest in the country. Accordingly, government actions in the future could have a significant effect on economic conditions in developing countries which could affect private sector companies and a Fund, as well as the value of securities in the Fund.

Investment in certain emerging market securities is restricted or controlled to varying degrees which may at times limit or preclude investment in certain emerging market securities and increase the costs and expenses of a Fund’s portfolio. Certain emerging market countries require governmental approval prior to investments by foreign persons, limit the amount of investment

 

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by foreign persons in a particular issuer, limit the investment by foreign persons to only a specific class of securities of an issuer that may have less advantageous rights than other classes, restrict investment opportunities in issuers in industries deemed important to national interests and/or impose additional taxes on foreign investors. Certain emerging market countries may require governmental approval for the repatriation of investment income, capital or the proceeds of sales of securities by foreign investors which could adversely affect a Fund. In addition, if deterioration occurs in an emerging market country’s balance of payments, it could impose temporary restrictions on foreign capital remittances. Investing in local markets in emerging market countries may require a portfolio to adopt special procedures, seek local government approvals or take other actions, each of which may involve additional costs to a Fund.

Fixed Income Securities

Each Fund may invest in fixed income securities. Fixed income securities generally pay a specified rate of interest or dividends, or a rate that is adjusted periodically by reference to some specified index or market rate or other factor. Fixed income securities may include securities issued by U.S. federal, state, local, and non-U.S. governments and other agencies and instrumentalities, and by a wide range of private or corporate issuers. Fixed income securities include, among others, bonds, notes, bills, debentures, convertible securities, bank obligations, mortgage and other asset-backed securities, loan participations and assignments and commercial paper.

Because interest rates vary, it is impossible to predict the income of a Fund for any particular period. Except to the extent that values are affected independently by other factors such as developments relating to a specific issuer or group of issuers, when interest rates decline, the value of a fixed-income portfolio can generally be expected to rise. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of a fixed-income portfolio can generally be expected to decline. Prices of longer term securities generally increase or decrease more sharply than those of shorter term securities in response to interest rate changes, particularly if such securities were purchased at a discount. It should be noted that the market values of securities rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities tend to react less to fluctuations in interest rate levels than do those of higher-rated securities.

Call or Buy-Back Features

In addition, many fixed-income securities contain call or buy-back features that permit their issuers to call or repurchase the securities from their holders. Such securities may present risks based on payment expectations. Although a Fund may typically receive a premium if an issuer were to redeem a security, if an issuer exercises such a “call option” and redeems the security during a time of declining interest rates, the Fund may realize a capital loss on its investment if the security was purchased at a premium and the Fund may have to replace the called security with a lower yielding security, resulting in a decreased rate of return to the Fund.

 

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Mortgage-Related And Other Asset Backed Securities

Mortgage-related securities are interests in pools of residential or commercial mortgage loans, including mortgage loans made by savings and loan institutions, mortgage bankers, commercial banks and others. Pools of mortgage loans are assembled as securities for sale to investors by various governmental, government-related and private organizations. Each Fund may also invest in debt securities which are secured with collateral consisting of mortgage-related securities.

Mortgage Pass-Through Securities

Interests in pools of mortgage-related securities differ from other forms of debt securities, which normally provide for periodic payment of interest in fixed amounts with principal payments at maturity or specified call dates. Instead, these securities provide a monthly payment which consists of both interest and principal payments. In effect, these payments are a “pass-through” of the monthly payments made by the individual borrowers on their residential or commercial mortgage loans, net of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of such securities. Additional payments are caused by repayments of principal resulting from the sale of the underlying property, refinancing or foreclosure, net of fees or costs which may be incurred. Some mortgage-related securities (such as securities issued by GNMA) are described as “modified pass-through.” These securities entitle the holder to receive all interest and principal payments owed on the mortgage pool, net of certain fees, at the scheduled payment dates regardless of whether or not the mortgagor actually makes the payment.

The rate of pre-payments on underlying mortgages will affect the price and volatility of a mortgage-related security, and may have the effect of shortening or extending the effective duration of the security relative to what was anticipated at the time of purchase. To the extent that unanticipated rates of pre-payment on underlying mortgages increase in the effective duration of a mortgage-related security, the volatility of such security can be expected to increase.

The principal governmental guarantor of mortgage-related securities is GNMA. GNMA is a wholly owned United States Government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. GNMA is authorized to guarantee, with the full faith and credit of the United States Government, the timely payment of principal and interest on securities issued by institutions approved by GNMA (such as savings and loan institutions, commercial banks and mortgage bankers) and backed by pools of mortgages insured by the Federal Housing Administration (the “FHA”), or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs (the “VA”).

Government-related guarantors (i.e., not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government) include FNMA and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”). FNMA is a government-sponsored corporation owned entirely by private stockholders. It is subject to general regulation by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. FNMA purchases conventional (i.e., not insured or guaranteed by any government agency) residential mortgages from a list of approved seller/servicers which include state and federally chartered savings and loan associations, mutual savings banks, commercial banks and credit unions and mortgage bankers. Pass-through securities issued by FNMA are guaranteed as to timely payment

 

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of principal and interest by FNMA but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government. FHLMC was created by Congress in 1970 for the purpose of increasing the availability of mortgage credit for residential housing. It is a government-sponsored corporation formerly owned by the twelve Federal Home Loan Banks and now owned entirely by private stockholders. FHLMC issues Participation Certificates (“PCs”) which are pass-through securities, each representing an undivided interest in a pool of residential mortgages. FHLMC guarantees the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of principal, but PCs are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government. FNMA and FHLMC have both recently faced scrutiny regarding their accounting practices and policies.

Additionally, there has been ongoing concern expressed by critics and certain members of Congress over the size of the borrowing and purchasing activities of both companies and the impact they have on the U.S. economy. Congress has also expressed concern over FNMA and FHLMC improperly using their non-profit and charitable foundations to evade campaign finance laws to lobby Congress, and has called on FNMA’s board to demand repayment of executive bonuses obtained as a result of improper accounting manipulations. Legislation may be enacted in the future that limits the size and scope of the activities of both FNMA and FHLMC and/or subjects these companies to further regulatory oversight. Commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance companies, mortgage bankers and other secondary market issuers also create pass-through pools of conventional residential mortgage loans. Such issuers may be the originators and/or servicers of the underlying mortgage loans as well as the guarantors of the mortgage-related securities. Pools created by such non-governmental issuers generally offer a higher rate of interest than government and government-related pools because there are no direct or indirect government or agency guarantees of payments. However, timely payment of interest and principal of these pools may be supported by various forms of insurance or guarantees, including individual loan, title, pool and hazard insurance and letters of credit, which may be issued by governmental entities or private insurers. Such insurance and guarantees and the creditworthiness of the issuers thereof will be considered in determining whether a mortgage-related security meets a Fund’s investment quality standards. There can be no assurance that the private insurers or guarantors can meet their obligations under the insurance policies or guarantee arrangements. A Fund may buy mortgage-related securities without insurance or guarantees if, through an examination of the loan experience and practices of the originator/servicers and poolers, the Fund determines that the securities meet the Fund’s quality standards. Although the market for such securities is becoming increasingly liquid, securities issued by certain private organizations may not be readily marketable.

Mortgage-backed securities that are issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities, are not subject to a Fund’s industry concentration restrictions, set forth below under “Investment Restrictions,” by virtue of the exclusion from that test available to all U.S. Government securities. In the case of privately issued mortgage-related securities, a Fund takes the position that mortgage-related securities do not represent interests in any particular “industry” or group of industries. The assets underlying such securities may be represented by a portfolio of first lien residential mortgages (including both whole mortgage loans and mortgage participation interests) or portfolios of mortgage pass-through securities issued or guaranteed by GNMA, FNMA or FHLMC. Mortgage loans underlying a mortgage-related security may in turn be insured or guaranteed by the FHA or the VA. In the case of private issue mortgage-related

 

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securities whose underlying assets are neither U.S. Government securities nor U.S. Government-insured mortgages, to the extent that real properties securing such assets may be located in the same geographical region, the security may be subject to a greater risk of default than other comparable securities in the event of adverse economic, political or business developments that may affect such region and, ultimately, the ability of residential homeowners to make payments of principal and interest on the underlying mortgages.

Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (“CMOs”)

A CMO is a debt obligation of a legal entity that is collateralized by mortgages and divided into classes. Similar to a bond, interest and prepaid principal is paid, in most cases, on a monthly basis. CMOs may be collateralized by whole mortgage loans or private mortgage bonds, but are more typically collateralized by portfolios of mortgage pass-through securities guaranteed by GNMA, FHLMC or FNMA, and their income streams.

CMOs are structured into multiple classes, often referred to as “tranches,” with each class bearing a different stated maturity and entitled to a different schedule for payments of principal and interest, including pre-payments. Actual maturity and average life will depend upon the pre-payment experience of the collateral. In the case of certain CMOs (known as “sequential pay” CMOs), payments of principal received from the pool of underlying mortgages, including pre-payments, are applied to the classes of CMOs in the order of their respective final distribution dates. Thus, no payment of principal will be made on any class of sequential pay CMOs until all other classes having an earlier final distribution date have been paid in full.

In a typical CMO transaction, a corporation (“issuer”) issues multiple series (e.g., A, B, C, Z) of CMO bonds (“Bonds”). Proceeds of the Bond offering are used to purchase mortgages or mortgage pass-through certificates (“Collateral”). The Collateral is pledged to a third party trustee as security for the Bonds. Principal and interest payments from the Collateral are used to pay principal on the Bonds in the order A, B, C, Z. The Series A, B and C Bonds all bear current interest. Interest on the Series Z Bond is accrued and added to principal and a like amount is paid as principal on the Series A, B or C Bond currently being paid off. When the Series A, B, and C Bonds are paid in full, interest and principal on the Series Z Bond begins to be paid currently. CMOs may be less liquid and may exhibit greater price volatility than other types of mortgage- or asset-backed securities.

Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities include securities that reflect an interest in, and are secured by, mortgage loans on commercial real property. The market for commercial mortgage-backed securities developed more recently and in terms of total outstanding principal amount of issues is relatively small compared to the market for residential single-family mortgage-backed securities. Many of the risks of investing in commercial mortgage-backed securities reflect the risks of investing in the real estate securing the underlying mortgage loans. These risks reflect the effects of local and other economic conditions on real estate markets, the ability of tenants to make loan payments, and the ability of a property to attract and retain tenants. Commercial mortgage-backed securities may be less liquid and exhibit greater price volatility than other types of mortgage- or asset-backed securities.

 

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Other Mortgage-Related Securities

Other mortgage-related securities include securities other than those described above that directly or indirectly represent a participation in, or are secured by and payable from, mortgage loans on real property, including mortgage dollar rolls, CMO residuals or stripped mortgage-backed securities (“SMBS”). Other mortgage-related securities may be equity or debt securities issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, homebuilders, mortgage banks, commercial banks, investment banks, partnerships, trusts and special purpose entities of the foregoing.

CMO Residuals

CMO residuals are mortgage securities issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, homebuilders, mortgage banks, commercial banks, investment banks and special purpose entities of the foregoing.

The cash flow generated by the mortgage assets underlying a series of CMOs is applied first to make required payments of principal and interest on the CMOs and second to pay the related administrative expenses and any management fee of the issuer. The residual in a CMO structure generally represents the interest in any excess cash flow remaining after making the foregoing payments. Each payment of such excess cash flow to a holder of the related CMO residual represents income and/or a return of capital. The amount of residual cash flow resulting from a CMO will depend on, among other things, the characteristics of the mortgage assets, the coupon rate of each class of CMO, prevailing interest rates, the amount of administrative expenses and the pre-payment experience on the mortgage assets. In particular, the yield to maturity on CMO residuals is extremely sensitive to pre-payments on the related underlying mortgage assets, in the same manner as an interest only (“IO”) class of stripped mortgage-backed securities. In addition, if a series of a CMO includes a class that bears interest at an adjustable rate, the yield to maturity on the related CMO residual will also be extremely sensitive to changes in the level of the index upon which interest rate adjustments are based. As described below with respect to stripped mortgage-backed securities, in certain circumstances the Fund may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in a CMO residual.

CMO residuals are generally purchased and sold by institutional investors through several investment banking firms acting as brokers or dealers. The CMO residual market has only very recently developed and CMO residuals currently may not have the liquidity of other more established securities trading in other markets. Transactions in CMO residuals are generally completed only after careful review of the characteristics of the securities in question. In addition, CMO residuals may, or pursuant to an exemption therefrom, may not have been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”). CMO residuals, whether or not registered under the 1933 Act, may be subject to certain restrictions on transferability, and may be deemed “illiquid” and subject to a Fund’s limitations on investment in illiquid securities.

 

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Adjustable Rate Mortgage Backed Securities

Adjustable rate mortgage-backed securities (“ARMBSs”) have interest rates that reset at periodic intervals. Acquiring ARMBSs permits a Fund to participate in increases in prevailing current interest rates through periodic adjustments in the coupons of mortgages underlying the pool on which ARMBSs are based. Such ARMBSs generally have higher current yield and lower price fluctuations than is the case with more traditional fixed income debt securities of comparable rating and maturity. In addition, when prepayments of principal are made on the underlying mortgages during periods of rising interest rates, a Fund can reinvest the proceeds of such prepayments at rates higher than those at which they were previously invested. Mortgages underlying most ARMBSs, however, have limits on the allowable annual or lifetime increases that can be made in the interest rate that the mortgagor pays. Therefore, if current interest rates rise above such limits over the period of the limitation, the Fund, when holding an ARMBS, does not benefit from further increases in interest rates. Moreover, when interest rates are in excess of coupon rates (i.e., the rates being paid by mortgagors) of the mortgages, ARMBSs behave more like fixed income securities and less like adjustable rate securities and are subject to the risks associated with fixed income securities. In addition, during periods of rising interest rates, increases in the coupon rate of adjustable rate mortgages generally lag current market interest rates slightly, thereby creating the potential for capital depreciation on such securities.

Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities

SMBS are derivative multi-class mortgage securities. SMBS may be issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government, or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, mortgage banks, commercial banks, investment banks and special purpose entities of the foregoing.

SMBS are usually structured with two classes that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of SMBS will have one class receiving some of the interest and most of the principal from the mortgage assets, while the other class will receive most of the interest and the remainder of the principal. In the most extreme case, one class will receive all of the interest (the “IO” class), while the other class will receive all of the principal (the principal-only or “PO” class). The yield to maturity on an IO class is extremely sensitive to the rate of principal payments (including pre-payments) on the related underlying mortgage assets, and a rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on a Fund’s yield to maturity from these securities. If the underlying mortgage assets experience greater than anticipated pre-payments of principal, the Fund may fail to recoup some or all of its initial investment in these securities even if the security is in one of the highest rating categories.

Although SMBS are purchased and sold by institutional investors through several investment banking firms acting as brokers or dealers, these securities were only recently developed. As a result, established trading markets have not yet developed and, accordingly, these securities may be deemed “illiquid” and subject to a Fund’s limitations on investment in illiquid securities.

 

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Collateralized Debt Obligations

Each Fund may invest in collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”), which includes collateralized bond obligations (“CBOs”), collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”) and other similarly structured securities. CBOs and CLOs are types of asset-backed securities. A CBO is a trust which is backed by a diversified pool of high risk, below investment grade fixed income securities. A CLO is a trust typically collateralized by a pool of loans, which may include, among others, domestic and foreign senior secured loans, senior unsecured loans, and subordinate corporate loans, including loans that may be rated below investment grade or equivalent unrated loans. CDOs may charge management fees and administrative expenses.

For both CBOs and CLOs, the cash flows from the trust are split into two or more portions, called tranches, varying in risk and yield. The riskiest portion is the “equity” tranche which bears the bulk of defaults from the bonds or loans in the trust and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default in all but the most severe circumstances. Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior tranche from a CBO trust or CLO trust typically have higher ratings and lower yields than their underlying securities, and can be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the equity tranche, CBO or CLO tranches can experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches, market anticipation of defaults, as well as aversion to CBO or CLO securities as a class.

The risks of an investment in a CDO depend largely on the type of the collateral securities and the class of the CDO in which the Fund invests. Normally, CBOs, CLOs and other CDOs are privately offered and sold, and thus, are not registered under the securities laws. As a result, investments in CDOs may be characterized by a Fund as illiquid securities, however an active dealer market may exist for CDOs allowing a CDO to qualify for Rule 144A transactions. In addition to the normal risks associated with fixed income securities discussed elsewhere in this Statement of Additional Information and the Prospectus (e.g., interest rate risk and default risk), CDOs carry additional risks including, but are not limited to: (i) the possibility that distributions from collateral securities will not be adequate to make interest or other payments; (ii) the quality of the collateral may decline in value or default; (iii) a Fund may invest in CDOs that are subordinate to other classes; and (iv) the complex structure of the security may not be fully understood at the time of investment and may produce disputes with the issuer or unexpected investment results.

Mortgage “Dollar Roll” Transactions

Each Fund may enter into mortgage “dollar roll” transactions with selected banks and broker-dealers. In a dollar roll, a Fund sells mortgage-backed securities and simultaneously contracts to repurchase substantially similar (same type, coupon and maturity) securities on a specified future day. A Fund will only enter into covered rolls. A “covered roll” is a specific type of dollar roll for which there is an offsetting cash or cash equivalent security position which matures on or before the forward settlement date of the dollar roll transaction. Covered rolls are not treated as a borrowing or other senior security and will be excluded from the calculation of the Fund’s borrowings and other senior securities. For financial reporting and U.S. federal income tax

 

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purposes, each Fund treats mortgage dollar rolls as two separate transactions: one involving the purchase of a security and a separate transaction involving a sale. None of the Funds currently intend to enter into mortgage dollar roll transactions that are accounted for as financing.

Consistent with each Fund’s investment objectives and policies, the Fund also may invest in other types of asset-backed securities.

Bank Obligations

Bank obligations that may be purchased by each Fund include certificates of deposit, banker’s acceptances and fixed time deposits. A certificate of deposit is a short-term negotiable certificate issued by a commercial bank against funds deposited in the bank and is either interest-bearing or purchased on a discount basis. A banker’s acceptance is a short-term draft drawn on a commercial bank by a borrower, usually in connection with an international commercial transaction. The borrower is liable for payment, as is the bank, which unconditionally guarantees to pay the draft at its face amount on the maturity date. Fixed time deposits are obligations of branches of U.S. or non-U.S. banks which are payable at a stated maturity date and bear a fixed rate of interest. Although fixed time deposits do not have a market, there are no contractual restrictions on the right to transfer a beneficial interest in the deposit to a third party. Bank obligations may be general obligations of the parent bank or may be limited to the issuing branch by the terms of the specific obligations or by government regulation. Securities issued or guaranteed by non-U.S. banks and non-U.S. branches of U.S. banks are subject to many of the risks of investing in non-U.S. securities generally.

Banks are subject to extensive governmental regulations which may limit both the amounts and types of loans and other financial commitments which may be made and interest rates and fees which may be charged. The profitability of this industry is to a significant extent dependent upon the availability and cost of capital of funds used by the bank to finance its lending operations. Also, general economic conditions play an important part in the operations of this industry and exposure to credit losses arising from possible financial difficulties of borrowers might affect a bank’s ability to meet its obligations.

Convertible Securities

Each Fund may invest in convertible securities, which are bonds, debentures, notes, preferred stock or other securities, which may be converted into or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common stock of the same or different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt or the dividend paid on preferred stock until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Before conversion, convertible securities ordinarily provide a stream of income, which generate higher yields than those of common stocks of the same or similar issuers but lower than the yield on non-convertible debt. Convertible securities are usually subordinate or are comparable to non-convertible securities but rank senior to common stock or shares in a company’s capital structure. The value of a convertible security is a function of (i) its yield in comparison with the yields of other securities of comparable maturity and quality that do not have a conversion privilege and (ii) its worth, at market value, if

 

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converted into the underlying common stock. Convertible securities are typically issued by smaller capitalized companies whose stock prices may be volatile. The price of a convertible security often reflects such variations in the price of the underlying common stock in a way that non-convertible debt does not. A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible security’s governing instrument.

High Yield Securities

Each Fund may invest in high yield securities. High yield securities are considered speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligations. Under rating agency guidelines, any quality and protective characteristics of high yield securities will likely be outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions. Medium and lower rated securities may have poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing, may have a current identifiable vulnerability to default, may be unlikely to have the capacity to pay interest and repay principal when due in the event of adverse business, financial or economic conditions, and/or may be in default or not current in the payment of interest or principal. A Fund’s achievements of its objective may be more dependent on the Sub-Adviser’s own credit analysis than is the case with funds that invest in higher rated fixed income securities.

Changes in Credit Ratings. Changes by recognized rating services in their ratings of a high yield security and in the ability of an issuer to make payments of interest and principal may also affect the value of these investments. A description of the ratings used by Moody’s and S&P is set forth in Appendix A to this SAI. The ratings of Moody’s and S&P generally represent the opinions of those organizations as to the quality of the securities that they rate. Such ratings, however, are relative and subjective, are not absolute standards of quality, are subject to change and do not evaluate the market risk or liquidity of the securities. Ratings of a non-U.S. debt instrument, to the extent that those ratings are undertaken, are related to evaluations of the country in which the issuer of the instrument is located, which may cause a rating to be lower than would otherwise by suggested by the intrinsic creditworthiness of the issuer.

Liquidity. The secondary markets for high yield securities are not as liquid as the secondary markets for higher rated securities. The secondary markets for high yield securities are concentrated in relatively few market makers and participants in the market are mostly institutional investors, including insurance companies, banks, other financial institutions and mutual funds. In addition, the trading volume for high yield securities is generally lower than that for higher-rated securities and the secondary markets could contract under adverse market or economic conditions independent of any specific adverse changes in the condition of a particular issuer, decreasing the liquidity of the high yield securities held in a Fund’s portfolio. These factors may have an adverse effect on the ability of a Fund holding such securities to dispose of particular portfolio investments at the price it would wish, may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value per share and may limit the ability of such Fund to obtain accurate market quotations for purposes of valuing securities and calculating net asset value.

Legislative and Regulatory Developments. Prices for high yield securities may be affected by legislative and regulatory developments. These laws could adversely affect a Fund’s net asset

 

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value and investment practices, the secondary market for high yield securities, the financial condition of issuers of these securities and the value of outstanding high yield securities. For example, federal legislation requiring the divestiture by federally insured savings and loan associations of their investments in high yield bonds and limiting the deductibility of interest by certain corporate issuers of high yield bonds adversely affected the market in prior years.

High Yield Corporate Securities. While the market values of securities rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities tend to react less to fluctuations in interest rate levels than do those of higher-rated securities, the values of certain of these securities also tend to be more sensitive to individual corporate developments and changes in economic conditions than higher-rated securities. In addition, such securities present a higher degree of credit risk. Issuers of these securities are often highly leveraged and may not have more traditional methods of financing available to them, so that their ability to service their debt obligations during an economic downturn or during sustained periods of rising interest rates may be impaired. The risk of loss due to default by such issuers is significantly greater than with investment grade securities because such securities generally are unsecured and subordinated to the prior payment of senior indebtedness. A Fund also may incur additional expenses to the extent that it is required to seek recovery upon a default in the payment of principal or interest on its portfolio holdings. These risks may be greater for non-U.S. high yield securities especially those of issuers located in emerging markets.

The development of markets for high yield corporate securities has been a relatively recent phenomenon, especially outside the United States. In addition, these markets have undergone significant changes in the past and may undergo significant changes in the future.

Most of the high yield securities in which a Fund invests will bear interest at fixed rates but a Fund may also invest in securities with variable rates of interest or which involve equity features, such as contingent interest or participations based on revenues, sales or profits (i.e., interest or other payments, often in addition to a fixed rate of return, that are based on the borrower’s attainment of specified levels of revenues, sales or profits and thus enable the holder of the security to share in the potential success of the venture).

High Yield Non-U.S. Debt Securities. Investing in fixed and floating rate high yield non-U.S. debt securities, especially those of issuers located in emerging market countries, will expose a Fund to the direct or indirect consequences of political, social or economic changes in the countries that issue the securities or in which the issuers are located, in addition to the risks of investing in high yield securities generally. For example, the ability and willingness of sovereign obligors in emerging market countries or the governmental authorities that control repayment of their external debt to pay principal and interest on such debt when due may depend on general economic and political conditions within the relevant country. Certain countries in which a Fund may invest, especially emerging market countries, have historically experienced, and may continue to experience, high rates of inflation, high interest rates, exchange rate trade difficulties and extreme poverty and unemployment. Many of these countries are also characterized by political uncertainty or instability. Additional factors which may influence the ability or willingness to service debt include, but are not limited to, an issuer’s (including sovereign issuers) cash flow situation, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a payment

 

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is due, and the relative size of its debt service burden. Non-U.S. issuers, including government issuers, may also have debt (such as commercial bank debt) which is senior to its high yield securities.

The ability of a non-U.S. sovereign obligor, especially an obligor in an emerging market country, to make timely payments on its external debt obligations will also be strongly influenced by the obligor’s balance of payments, including export performance, its access to international credit and investments, fluctuations in interest rates and the extent of its foreign reserves, and the issuing government’s policy toward the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and other international agencies. A country whose exports are concentrated in a few commodities or whose economy depends on certain strategic imports could be vulnerable to fluctuations in international prices of these commodities or imports. To the extent that a country receives payment for its exports in currencies other than dollars, its ability to make debt payments denominated in dollars could be adversely affected. If a non-U.S. sovereign obligor cannot generate sufficient earnings from foreign trade to service its external debt, it may need to depend on continuing loans and aid from foreign governments, commercial banks and multilateral organizations, and inflows of foreign investment. The commitment on the part of these foreign governments, multilateral organizations and others to make such disbursements may be conditioned on the government’s implementation of economic reforms and/or economic performance and the timely service of its obligations. Failure to implement such reforms, achieve such levels of economic performance or repay principal or interest when due may result in the cancellation of such third parties’ commitments to lend funds, which may further impair the obligor’s ability or willingness to timely service its debts. The cost of servicing external debt will also generally be adversely affected by rising international interest rates, because many external debt obligations bear interest at rates which are adjusted based upon international interest rates. The ability to service external debt will also depend on the level of the relevant government’s international currency reserves and its access to foreign exchange. Currency devaluations may affect the ability of an issuer to obtain sufficient foreign exchange to service its debt. The risks enumerated above are particularly heightened with regard to issuers in emerging market countries.

As a result of the foregoing or other factors, a governmental obligor, especially an obligor in an emerging market country, may default on its obligations. If such an event occurs, a Fund may have limited legal recourse against the issuer and/or guarantor. Remedies must, in some cases, be pursued in the courts of the defaulting party itself, and the ability of the holder of non-U.S. sovereign debt securities to obtain recourse may be subject to the political climate in the relevant country.

Firm Commitments and When-Issued Securities

Each Fund may purchase securities on a firm commitment basis, including when-issued securities. Securities purchased on a firm commitment basis are purchased for delivery beyond the normal settlement date at a stated price and yield. No income accrues to the purchaser of a security on a firm commitment basis prior to delivery. Such securities are recorded as an asset and are subject to changes in value based upon changes in the general level of interest rates. Purchasing a security on a firm commitment basis can involve a risk that the market price at the

 

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time of delivery may be lower than the agreed upon purchase price, in which case there could be an unrealized loss at the time of delivery. A Fund will only make commitments to purchase securities on a firm commitment basis with the intention of actually acquiring the securities, but may sell them before the settlement date if it is deemed advisable. A Fund will designate liquid assets in an amount at least equal in value to the Fund’s commitments to purchase securities on a firm commitment basis. If the value of these assets declines, the Fund will place additional liquid assets in the account on a daily basis so that the value of the assets in the account is equal to the amount of such commitments.

Floating and Variable Rate Instruments

Each Fund may each invest in floating and variable rate obligations. Floating or variable rate obligations bear interest at rates that are not fixed, but vary with changes in specified market rates or indices, such as the prime rate, and at specified intervals. The variable rate obligations in which a Fund may invest include variable rate master demand notes, which are unsecured instruments issued pursuant to an agreement between the issuer and the holder that permit the indebtedness thereunder to vary and provide for periodic adjustments in the interest rate.

Certain of the floating or variable rate obligations that may be purchased by a Fund may carry a demand feature that would permit the holder to tender them back to the issuer of the instrument or to a third party at par value prior to maturity. Some of the demand instruments purchased by a Fund are not traded in a secondary market and derive their liquidity solely from the ability of the holder to demand repayment from the issuer or third party providing credit support. If a demand instrument is not traded in a secondary market, the Fund will nonetheless treat the instrument as liquid for the purposes of its investment restriction limiting investments in illiquid securities unless the demand feature has a notice period of more than seven days; if the notice period is greater than seven days, such a demand instrument will be characterized as illiquid for such purpose. The Fund’s right to obtain payment at par on a demand instrument could be affected by events occurring between the date the Fund elects to demand payment and the date payment is due that may affect the ability of the issuer of the instrument or a third party providing credit support to make payment when due. To facilitate settlement, some demand instruments may be held in book entry form at a bank other than the Fund’s custodian subject to a sub-custodian agreement approved by the Fund between that bank and the Fund’s custodian.

Inflation-Indexed Bonds

Inflation-indexed bonds are fixed income securities whose principal value is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. Two structures are common. The U.S. Treasury and some other issuers use a structure that accrues inflation into the principal value of the bond. Most other issuers pay out the CPI accruals as part of a semiannual coupon.

Inflation-indexed securities issued by the U.S. Treasury have maturities of five, ten or twenty years, although it is possible that securities with other maturities will be issued in the future. The U.S. Treasury securities pay interest on a semiannual basis, equal to a fixed percentage of the inflation-adjusted principal amount. For example, if a Fund purchased an inflation-indexed bond with a par value of $1,000 and a 3% real rate of return coupon (payable 1.5% semi-annually),

 

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and inflation over the first six months were 1%, the mid-year par value of the bond would be $1,010 and the first semi-annual interest payment would be $15.15 ($1,010 times 1.5%). If inflation during the second half of the year resulted in the whole year’s inflation equaling 3%, the end-of-year par value of the bond would be $1,030 and the second semi-annual interest payment would be $15.45 ($1,030 times 1.5%).

If the periodic adjustment rate measuring inflation falls, the principal value of inflation-indexed bonds will be adjusted downward, and consequently the interest payable on these securities (calculated with respect to a smaller principal amount) will be reduced. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-indexed bonds, even during a period of deflation. However, the current market value of the bonds is not guaranteed, and will fluctuate. The Funds may also invest in other inflation related bonds which may or may not provide a similar guarantee. If a guarantee of principal is not provided, the adjusted principal value of the bond repaid at maturity may be less than the original principal. The value of inflation-indexed bonds is expected to change in response to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates in turn are tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates and the rate of inflation.

Interest-Only Securities

Interest only securities (“IOs”) are a form of stripped mortgage security. Stripped mortgage securities may be issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government, or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, mortgage banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing. The risk of early prepayment is the primary risk associated with IOs.

Stripped mortgage securities are structured with two or more classes of securities that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage assets. IOs are one class of a stripped mortgage security that receives all of the interest (while another class will receive all of the principal (“POs” or “principal only class”)).

Brady Bonds

Brady Bonds are securities created through the exchange of existing commercial bank loans to sovereign entities for new obligations in connection with debt restructurings under a debt restructuring plan introduced by former U.S. Secretary of the Treasury, Nicholas P. Brady. Brady Bonds may be collateralized or uncollateralized, are issued in various currencies (but primarily the U.S. dollar), and are traded in the over-the-counter secondary market. Brady Bonds are not considered to be U.S. government securities. In light of the residual risk of Brady Bonds and, among other factors, the history of defaults with respect to commercial bank loans by public and private entities in countries issuing Brady Bonds, investments in Brady Bonds may be viewed as speculative. There can be no assurance that Brady Bonds acquired by a Fund will not be subject to restructuring arrangements or to requests for new credit, which may cause the Fund to suffer a loss of interest or principal on any of its holdings.

 

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Loan Participations and Assignments

Each Fund may invest in loan participations and assignments. Each Fund considers loan participations and assignments to be investments in debt securities. Loan participations typically will result in a Fund having a contractual relationship only with the lender, not with the borrower. The Fund will have the right to receive payments of principal, interest and any fees to which it is entitled only from the lender selling the participation and only upon receipt by the lender of the payments from the borrower. Under a loan participation, a Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement relating to the loan, nor any rights of set-off against the borrower, and the Fund may not benefit directly from any collateral supporting the loan in which it has purchased the participation. As a result, the Fund will assume the credit risk of both the borrower and the lender that is selling the participation. In the event of the insolvency of the lender selling a participation, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of the lender and may not benefit from any set-off between the lender and the borrower. When a Fund purchases assignments of loans from lenders, the Fund will acquire direct rights against the borrower on the loan, except that under certain circumstances such rights may be more limited than those held by the assigning lender.

A Fund may have difficulty disposing of assignments and loan participations. In many cases the market for such instruments is not highly liquid, and therefore each Fund anticipates that in such cases such instruments could be sold only to a limited number of institutional investors. The lack of a highly liquid secondary market may have an adverse impact on the value of such instruments and will have an adverse impact on a Fund’s ability to dispose of particular assignments or loan participations in response to a specific economic event, such as deterioration in the creditworthiness of the borrower or the ability to dispose of them at the price issued.

Money Market Instruments/Securities

Each Fund may hold money market instruments, including commercial paper, bankers acceptances, certificates of deposit and other short term debt securities as ancillary liquid assets.

Restricted Securities and Securities with Limited Trading Markets (Rule 144A)

Each Fund may purchase securities for which there is a limited trading market or which are subject to restrictions on resale to the public. If a Fund were to acquire substantial positions in securities with limited trading markets, the activities of the Fund could have an adverse effect upon the liquidity and marketability of such securities and the Fund might not be able to dispose of its holdings in those securities at then current market prices. Circumstances could also exist (to satisfy redemptions, for example) when portfolio securities might have to be sold by the Fund at times which otherwise might be considered to be disadvantageous so that the Fund might receive lower proceeds from such sales than it had expected to realize. Investments in securities which are “restricted” may involve added expenses to a Fund should the Fund be required to bear registration costs with respect to such securities and could involve delays in disposing of such securities which might have an adverse effect upon the price and timing of sales of such securities and the liquidity of the Fund with respect to redemptions. Restricted securities and securities for which there is a limited trading market may be significantly more difficult to value

 

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due to the unavailability of reliable market quotations for such securities, and investment in such securities may have an adverse impact on net asset value. The Funds may purchase Rule 144A securities for which there may be a secondary market of qualified institutional buyers as contemplated by Rule 144A under the 1933 Act. Liquidity determinations with respect to Rule 144A securities will be made by the Board or by the Adviser or Sub-Adviser pursuant to guidelines established by the Board. A Fund’s holdings of Rule 144A securities which are considered liquid securities will not be subject to the Fund’s applicable limitation on investments in illiquid securities.

Each Fund may purchase Rule 144A securities on the GSTrUE exchange and other similar exchanges. These markets provide access to only institutional and highly sophisticated investors. They allow private companies to raise capital without the disclosure requirements of public markets and follow specific SEC rules to avoid certain disclosure requirements. Under these rules, companies are able to sell securities without registering them if the issued securities are limited to qualified institutional buyers (investors with at least $100 million in assets), and there are less than 500 shareholders. The market is run through a proprietary trading system. This system allows the members of the exchange to view bid and ask offers and recent sales. Actual transactions are made through special brokers. Because of the lack of disclosure in these markets, shares are expected to trade at a discount to the equivalent price achievable if the shares were listed on a public market. Companies utilizing these markets however, believe that the ability to avoid disclosure requirements of public markets is more important than receiving the higher price available from a public exchange listing.

U.S. Government Securities

Each Fund may invest without limit in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or by its agencies or instrumentalities. U.S. government securities in general include a wide variety of U.S. Treasury obligations consisting of bills, notes and bonds, which principally differ only in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance. Securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies and instrumentalities are debt securities issued by agencies or instrumentalities established or sponsored by the U.S. government and may be backed only by the credit of the issuing agency or instrumentality. A Fund will invest in such obligations only where the Sub-Adviser is satisfied that the credit risk with respect to the issuer is minimal.

Securities issued by the U.S. Treasury generally do not involve the credit risks associated with investments in other types of fixed-income securities, although, as a result, the yields available from these securities are generally lower than the yields available from corporate fixed-income securities. Like other debt securities, however, the values of U.S. government securities change as interest rates fluctuate, which could affect a Fund’s net asset value. Since the magnitude of these fluctuations will generally be greater at times when the Fund’s average maturity is longer, under certain market conditions the Fund may, for temporary defensive purposes, accept lower current income from short-term investments rather than investing in higher yielding long-term securities. Some U.S. Government securities (such as Fannie Maes and Freddie Macs) are guaranteed as to the payment of principal and interest by the relevant entity (e.g., FNMA or FHLMC) but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. Therefore, the securities would generally be neither issued nor guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury.

 

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Zero Coupon Securities, Pay-In-Kind Bonds and Deferred Payment Securities

Each Fund may invest in zero coupon securities, pay-in-kind bonds and deferred payment securities. Zero coupon securities are debt securities that pay no cash income but are sold at substantial discounts from their value at maturity. When a zero coupon security is held to maturity, its entire return, which consists of the amortization of discount, comes from the difference between its purchase price and its maturity value. This difference is known at the time of purchase, so that investors holding zero coupon securities until maturity know at the time of their investment what the expected return on their investment will be. Zero coupon securities may have conversion features. Each Fund also may purchase pay-in-kind bonds. Pay-in-kind bonds pay all or a portion of their interest in the form of debt or equity securities. Deferred payment securities are securities that remain zero coupon securities until a predetermined date, at which time the stated coupon rate becomes effective and interest becomes payable at regular intervals.

Zero coupon securities, pay-in-kind bonds and deferred payment securities tend to be subject to greater price fluctuations in response to changes in interest rates than are ordinary interest-paying debt securities with similar maturities. The value of zero coupon securities appreciates more during periods of declining interest rates and depreciates more during periods of rising interest rates than ordinary interest-paying debt securities with similar maturities. Zero coupon securities, pay-in-kind bonds and deferred payment securities may be issued by a wide variety of corporate and governmental issuers. Although these instruments are generally not traded on a national securities exchange, they are widely traded by brokers and dealers and, to such extent, will not generally be considered illiquid for the purposes of a Fund’s limitation on investments in illiquid securities.

Current U.S. federal income tax law requires the holder of a zero coupon security, certain pay-in-kind bonds, deferred payment securities and certain other securities acquired at a discount to accrue income with respect to these securities prior to the receipt of cash payments. Accordingly, to avoid liability for U.S. federal income and excise taxes, a Fund may be required to distribute income accrued with respect to these securities and may have to dispose of portfolio securities under disadvantageous circumstances in order to generate cash to satisfy these distribution requirements.

OTHER PRACTICES

Borrowing

Borrowing creates an opportunity for increased return, but, at the same time, creates special risks. Furthermore, if a Fund were to engage in borrowing, an increase in interest rates could reduce the value of the Fund’s shares by increasing the Fund’s interest expense.

Subject to the limitations described under “Investment Limitations” below, each Fund may be permitted to borrow for temporary purposes and/or for investment purposes. Such a practice will result in leveraging of the Fund’s assets and may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous to do so. This borrowing may be secured or unsecured.

 

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Provisions of the 1940 Act require each Fund to maintain continuous asset coverage (that is, total assets including borrowings, less liabilities exclusive of borrowings) of 300% of the amount borrowed, with an exception for borrowings not in excess of 5% of the Fund’s total assets made for temporary administrative purposes. Any borrowings for temporary administrative purposes in excess of 5% of a Fund’s total assets will count against this asset coverage requirement. If the 300% asset coverage should decline as a result of market fluctuations or other reasons, a Fund may be required to sell some of its portfolio holdings within three days to reduce the debt and restore the 300% asset coverage, even though it may be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint if the Fund sells securities at that time. Borrowing will tend to exaggerate the effect on net asset value of any increase or decrease in the market value of a Fund’s portfolio. Money borrowed will be subject to interest costs which may or may not be recovered by appreciation of the securities purchased, if any. Each Fund also may be required to maintain minimum average balances in connection with such borrowings or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit; either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate.

Depositary Receipts

Depositary receipts include sponsored and unsponsored depositary receipts that are or become available, including American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”), and Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”) and other depositary receipts. Depositary receipts are typically issued by a financial institution (“depositary”) and evidence ownership interests in a security or a pool of securities (“underlying securities”) that have been deposited with the depositary. The depositary for ADRs is typically a U.S. financial institution and the underlying securities are issued by a non-U.S. issuer. ADRs are publicly traded on exchanges or OTC in the United States and are issued through “sponsored” or “unsponsored” arrangements. In a sponsored ADR arrangement, the non-U.S. issuer assumes the obligation to pay some or all of the depositary’s transaction fees, whereas under an unsponsored arrangement, the non-U.S. issuer assumes no obligation and the depositary’s transaction fees are paid by the ADR holders. In addition, less information is available in the United States about an unsponsored ADR than about a sponsored ADR, and the financial information about a company may not be as reliable for an unsponsored ADR as it is for a sponsored ADR. In the case of GDRs, the depositary can be a non-U.S. or a U.S. financial institution and the underlying securities are issued by a non-U.S. issuer. GDRs allow companies in Europe, Asia, the United States and Latin America to offer shares in many markets around the world, thus allowing them to raise capital in these markets, as opposed to just in their home market. The advantage of GDRs is that shares do not have to be bought through the issuing company’s home exchange, which may be difficult and expensive, but can be bought on all major stock exchanges. In addition, the share price and all dividends are converted to the shareholder’s home currency. As for other depositary receipts, the depositary may be a non-U.S. or a U.S. entity, and the underlying securities may have a non-U.S. or a U.S. issuer. For purposes of each Fund’s investment policies, investments in depositary receipts will be deemed to be investments in the underlying securities. Thus, a depositary receipt representing ownership of common stock will be treated as common stock. Depositary receipts purchased by a Fund may not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the underlying securities into which they may be converted, in which case the Fund may be exposed to relative currency fluctuations.

 

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Illiquid Securities

Each Fund may invest up to 15% of the value of its net assets in illiquid securities. The term “illiquid securities” for this purpose means securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately the amount at which the Fund has valued the securities. Illiquid securities are considered to include, among other things, written OTC options, securities or other liquid assets being used as cover for such options, repurchase agreements with maturities in excess of seven days, certain loan participation interests, fixed time deposits which are not subject to prepayment or provide for withdrawal penalties upon prepayment (other than overnight deposits), and other securities whose disposition is restricted under the federal securities laws.

To the extent that liquid assignments and loan participations that a Fund holds become illiquid due to the lack of sufficient buyers or market or other conditions, the percentage of the Fund’s assets invested in illiquid assets would increase. The Sub-Adviser, under the supervision of the Board, monitors Fund investments in assignments and loan participations and will, in such a case, consider appropriate measures to enable each Fund to maintain sufficient liquidity for operating purposes and to meet redemption requests.

Loans of Portfolio Securities

Each Fund may lend portfolio securities to brokers or dealers or other financial institutions in accordance with policies and procedures of the Trust, as may be adopted from time to time. The procedure for the lending of securities will typically include the following features and conditions. The collateral will consist either of U.S. Government Securities or the borrower of the securities will deposit cash with the Fund in an amount equal to a minimum of 100% of the market value of the securities lent. The Fund seek to will invest the collateral in short-term debt securities, cash equivalents (or pooled investment vehicle interests in cash, cash equivalents and short-term debt instruments) and earn the income thereon. A negotiated portion of the income so earned may be paid to the borrower or the broker who arranged the loan. The collateral will be marked to market daily, and if the value of the collateral drops below the required minimum at any time, the borrower may typically be called upon to post additional collateral. These will be “demand” loans and may be terminated by the Fund at any time. The Fund will receive any dividends and interest paid on the securities lent, although the U.S. federal income tax characteristics of such payment may change. The Fund’s performance will continue to reflect changes in the value of the securities loaned.

These transactions must be fully collateralized at all times, but involve some credit risk to the Fund if the borrower or the party (if any) guaranteeing the loan should default on its obligations. In the event of the default or bankruptcy of the other party to a securities loan, the Fund could experience delays in recovering the securities it lent. To the extent that, in the meantime, the value of the securities a Fund lent has increased or the value of the collateral decreased, the Fund could experience a loss. In the event of a default by the borrower, the Fund will, if permitted by law, dispose of such collateral except that the Fund may retain any such part thereof that is a security in which the Fund is permitted to invest.

 

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Although voting rights or rights to consent with respect to the loaned securities pass to the borrower, the Fund, as the lender, generally retains the right to call the loans and obtain the return of the securities loaned at any time on reasonable notice, and it will attempt to do so in order that the securities may be voted by the Fund if the holders of such securities are asked to vote upon or consent to matters which the Sub-Adviser believes materially affect the investment; however, the Fund may not be able to recall the securities in time for the Fund to be the owner on the record date for determining shareholders entitled to vote or consent on the matter. The Fund may typically also call such loans in order to sell the securities involved.

Repurchase Agreements

Each Fund may enter into repurchase agreements. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the seller of a security commits itself at the time of sale to repurchase that security from the buyer at a mutually agreed upon time and price. The resale price is in excess of the purchase price and reflects an agreed-upon market interest rate unrelated to the coupon rate on the purchased security. Such transactions afford a Fund the opportunity to earn a return on temporarily available cash at relatively low market risk. The Sub-Adviser monitors the value of the securities underlying the repurchase agreement at the time the transaction is entered into and at all times during the term of the repurchase agreement to ensure that the value of the securities always equals or exceeds the repurchase price. The Fund requires that additional securities be deposited if the value of the securities purchased decreases below their resale price and does not bear the risk of a decline in the value of the underlying security unless the seller defaults under the repurchase obligation.

While the underlying security may be a bill, certificate of indebtedness, note or bond issued by an agency, authority or instrumentality of the U.S. government, the obligation of the seller is not guaranteed by the U.S. government and there is a risk that the seller may fail to repurchase the underlying security. In such event, the Fund would attempt to exercise rights with respect to the underlying security, including possible disposition in the market. However, the Fund may be subject to various delays and risks of loss, including (i) possible declines in the value of the underlying security during the period while the Fund seeks to enforce its rights thereto, (ii) possible reduced levels of income and lack of access to income during this period, and (iii) inability to enforce rights and the expenses involved in the attempted enforcement.

Repurchase agreements with maturities of more than seven days will be treated as illiquid securities.

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

Each Fund may enter into “reverse” repurchase agreements to avoid selling securities during unfavorable market conditions to meet redemptions. Pursuant to a reverse repurchase agreement, the Fund will sell portfolio securities and agree to repurchase them from the buyer at a particular date and price. Whenever a Fund enters into a reverse repurchase agreement, it will establish a segregated account in which it will maintain liquid assets in an amount at least equal to the repurchase price marked to market daily (including accrued interest), and will subsequently monitor the account to ensure that such equivalent value is maintained. A Fund pays interest on amounts obtained pursuant to reverse repurchase agreements. Reverse repurchase agreements are considered to be borrowings by a Fund.

 

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INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS

Fundamental Investment Restrictions

The following is a description of fundamental policies that may not be changed without the vote of a majority of a Fund’s outstanding voting securities. Under the 1940 Act, the vote of a majority of the outstanding securities of a company means the vote, at the annual or a special meeting of the security holders of such company duly called: (A) of 67 per centum or more of the voting securities present at such meeting, if the holders of more than 50 per centum of the outstanding voting securities of such company are present or represented by proxy; or (B) of more than 50 per centum of the outstanding voting securities of such company, whichever is less. The other restrictions set forth below, as well as each Fund’s investment objective and each of the other investment restrictions set forth in the Prospectus or this SAI and not designated as fundamental, are not fundamental policies and may be changed by the Board. The percentages set forth below and the percentage limitations set forth in the Prospectus apply at the time of the purchase of a security and shall not be considered violated unless an excess or deficiency occurs or exists immediately after and as a result of a purchase of such security. Unless otherwise noted, each of these policies applies to each Fund, except policies (1), (2) and (3), which apply only to the Funds specifically listed in those policies.

Each Fund may not:

(1) With respect to 75% of its total assets, the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund and the RiverFront Funds may not purchase securities of an issuer (other than the U.S. Government, its agencies, instrumentalities or authorities, or repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. Government securities, and securities of other investment companies) if: (a) such purchase would, at the time, cause more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets taken at market value to be invested in the securities of such issuer or (b) such purchase would, at the time, result in more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer being held by the Fund.

(2) Purchase securities which would cause 25% or more of the value of its total assets at the time of purchase to be invested in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry or group of industries, as that term is used in the 1940 Act, and as interpreted, modified, or otherwise permitted by regulatory authority having jurisdiction, from time to time (excluding the U.S. Government and its agencies and instrumentalities), except that:

(i) the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund will normally invest greater than 25% of its assets in the securities of issuers in the private equity related industries;

(ii) each RiverFront Fund may cause 25% or more of the value of its total assets at the time of purchase to be invested in exchange-traded funds to the extent exchange-traded funds are determined to be an industry or group of industries;

 

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(iii) except that, to the extent the Alerian Fund’s Index is concentrated in a particular industry or group of industries, the Fund’s investments will exceed this 25% limitation to the extent that it is necessary to gain exposure to Index Components (as defined below) to track its Index.

(3) Borrow money, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act (see “Borrowing” above);

(4) Make loans, except that the Fund may purchase or hold debt instruments in accordance with their investment objectives and policies; provided however, this restriction does not apply to repurchase agreements or loans of portfolio securities;

(5) Act as an underwriter of securities of other issuers except that, in the disposition of portfolio securities, it may be deemed to be an underwriter under the federal securities laws;

(6) Purchase or sell real estate, although the Fund may purchase securities of issuers which deal in real estate, securities which are secured by interests in real estate, and securities which represent interests in real estate, and they may acquire and dispose of real estate or interests in real estate acquired through the exercise of their rights as a holder of debt obligations secured by real estate or interests therein;

(7)

Purchase or sell commodities, except that:

(i) The ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund, Clough China Fund, and RiverFront Funds, may purchase and sell futures contracts and options, may enter into foreign exchange contracts and may enter into swap agreements and other financial transactions not requiring the delivery of physical commodities, including but not limited to, purchasing or selling commodity exchange-traded funds or exchange-traded notes; and

(ii) Restriction (7) shall not prohibit the ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund or the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund, subject to restrictions described in each Fund’s Prospectus and elsewhere in this Statement of Additional Information, from purchasing, selling or entering into futures contracts, options on futures contracts, foreign currency forward contracts, foreign currency options, hybrid instruments, or any interest rate or securities-related or foreign currency-related hedging instrument, including swap agreements and other derivative instruments, subject to compliance with any applicable provisions of the federal securities or commodities laws; or

(8) Issue senior securities, except for permitted borrowings or as otherwise permitted under the 1940 Act.

Restrictions (3) and (8) above shall be interpreted based upon no-action letters and other pronouncements of the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Under current pronouncements, certain Fund positions may be excluded from the definition of “senior security” so long as the Fund maintains adequate cover, segregation of assets or otherwise. See “Borrowing” above.

 

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For the purposes of Restriction (2), the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund currently intends to use the Standard Industrial Classification System (“SIC”). The use of any particular classification system is not a fundamental policy of the Fund. The Fund may use other classification titles, standards, and systems from time to time, as it determines to be in the best interests of shareholders.

The ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund and the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund currently intend to use the Global Industry Classification Standard (“GICS”). The use of any particular classification system is not a fundamental policy of the Funds. The Funds may use other classification titles, standards and systems from time to time as determined to be in the best interests of shareholders.

Non-Fundamental Investment Restrictions of All Funds

In addition, it is contrary to the Funds’ present policy, which may be changed without shareholder vote, to:

(1) purchase any illiquid security, including any securities whose disposition is restricted under federal securities laws and securities that are not readily marketable, if, as a result, more than 15% of a Fund’s net assets (based on then-current value) would then be invested in such securities; or

(2) Make short sales of securities or maintain a short position or purchase securities on margin, in excess of 10% of a Fund’s net assets (based on then-current value), except that a Fund may obtain short-term credits as necessary for the clearance of security transactions, and a Fund may make any short sales or maintain any short positions where the short sales or short positions would not constitute “senior securities” under the 1940 Act.

For purposes of Restriction (1) above, the staff of the SEC is presently of the view that repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days are subject to this restriction. Until that position is revised, modified or rescinded, the Fund will conduct their operations in a manner consistent with this view. This limitation on investment in illiquid securities does not apply to certain restricted securities, including securities pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act and certain commercial paper, that the Sub-Adviser has determined to be liquid under procedures approved by the Board.

Additional Non-Fundamental Investment Restrictions of the ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund

The investment restrictions described below are not fundamental policies of the Fund and may be changed by the Fund’s Trustees. These non-fundamental investment policies require that the Fund: (i) may not acquire any illiquid securities, if as a result thereof, more than 10% of the market value of the Fund’s total assets would be in investments which are illiquid; (ii) may not purchase securities on margin, make short sales of securities, or maintain a short position, provided that this restriction shall not be deemed to be applicable to the purchase or sale of when-issued or delayed delivery securities; (iii) may not acquire securities of other investment

 

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companies, except as permitted by the 1940 Act or any order pursuant thereto; and (iv) may not enter into reverse repurchase agreements or borrow money, except from banks for extraordinary or emergency purposes, if such obligations exceed in the aggregate one-third of the market value of the Fund’s total assets, less liabilities other than obligations created by reverse repurchase agreements and borrowings.

Notwithstanding any other fundamental or non-fundamental investment restriction or policy, the Fund reserves the right, without the approval of shareholders, to invest all of its assets in the securities of a single open-end registered investment company with substantially the same investment objective, restrictions and policies as the Fund.

There will be no violation of any investment restriction if that restriction is complied with at the time the relevant action is taken notwithstanding a later change in market value of an investment, in net or total assets, in the securities rating of the investment or any other later change.

In view of the Fund’s investment objective of capital appreciation, with income as a secondary objective, the Fund intends to purchase securities for long-term or short-term profits, as appropriate. Securities will be disposed of in situations where, in management’s opinion, such potential is no longer feasible or the risk of decline in the market price is too great. Therefore, in order to achieve the Fund’s objectives, the purchase and sale of securities will be made without regard to the length of time the security is to be held. Higher portfolio turnover rates can result in corresponding increases in brokerage commissions.

An additional non-fundamental policy is that the Fund will not concentrate its investments in domestic bank money market instruments.

Additional Non-Fundamental Investment Restrictions of the Clough China Fund

The Fund is a non-diversified portfolio, which means that the Fund may invest its assets in the securities of any issuer without limitation as to the size of the investment. To qualify as a “regulated investment company” under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, the Fund will comply with the following restriction: With respect to at least 50% of the Fund’s total assets, the Fund will not invest more than 5% of its total assets in the securities of any single issuer (other than obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities), and will not purchase more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any single issuer.

The Fund will not short sell a security if (1) after giving effect to such short sale, the total market value of all securities sold short would exceed 25% of the value of the Fund’s net assets; (2) the market value of the securities of any single issuer that have been sold short by the Fund would exceed 2% of the value of the Fund’s net assets; and (3) such securities would constitute more than 2% of any class of the issuer’s securities.

 

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Master/Feeder Structure

In lieu of investing directly, the Board may consider whether a Fund’s investment objective would be furthered by converting to a master/feeder structure, pursuant to which the Fund would invest all of its investable assets in an investment company having substantially the same investment objective and policies as the Fund. The master/feeder structure is an arrangement that allows several investment companies with different shareholder-related features or distribution channels, but having substantially the same investment objectives, policies and restrictions, to combine their investments by investing all of their assets in the same portfolio instead of managing them separately.

Conversion to a master/feeder structure may serve to attract other collective investment vehicles with different shareholder servicing or distribution arrangements and with shareholders that would not have invested in a Fund. In addition, a master/feeder structure may serve as an alternative for large, institutional investors in a Fund who may prefer to offer separate, proprietary investment vehicles and who otherwise might establish such vehicles outside of the Fund’s current operational structure. No assurance can be given, however, that the master/feeder structure will result in a Fund stabilizing its expenses or achieving greater operational efficiencies.

Each Fund’s methods of operation and shareholder services would not be materially affected by the investment in another investment company (“Master Fund’) having substantially the same investment objective and policies as the Fund, except that the assets of the Fund may be managed as part of a larger pool of assets. If a Fund invested all of its assets in a Master Fund, it would hold beneficial interests in the Master Fund and the Master Fund would directly invest in accordance with the objectives and policies described for the Fund. The Fund would otherwise continue its normal operation. The Board would retain the right to withdraw a Fund’s investment from a Master Fund at any time it determines that it would be in the best interest to shareholders to do so. The Fund would then resume investing directly in individual securities of other issuers or invest in another Master Fund.

If the Board determines that a conversion to a master/feeder structure is in the best interest of a Fund’s shareholders, it will consider and evaluate specific proposals prior to the implementation of the Fund’s conversion and its shareholders would be notified in advance of any such conversion.

PORTFOLIO TURNOVER

Purchases and sales of portfolio securities may be made as considered advisable by the Sub-Adviser in the best interests of the shareholders. Each Fund’s portfolio turnover rate may vary from year to year, as well as within a year. Each Fund’s distributions of any net short-term capital gains realized from portfolio transactions are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. In addition, higher portfolio turnover rates can result in corresponding increases in portfolio transaction costs for a Fund. See “Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage” in this SAI.

 

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For reporting purposes, each Fund’s portfolio turnover rate is calculated by dividing the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities for the fiscal year by the monthly average of the value of the portfolio securities owned by the Fund during the fiscal year. In determining such portfolio turnover, all securities whose maturities at the time of acquisition were one year or less are excluded. A 100% portfolio turnover rate would occur, for example, if all of the securities in a Fund’s investment portfolio (other than short-term money market securities) were replaced once during the fiscal year. Portfolio turnover will not be a limiting factor should the Sub-Adviser deem it advisable to purchase or sell securities.

The following tables summarize the portfolio turnover rates for each Fund for the last two fiscal years or periods noted.

 

Fund Name   

For the Fiscal Year Ended

April 30, 2014

 

For the Fiscal Year Ended

April 30, 2013

ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund    40%   32%
ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund    19%   34%
Clough China Fund    232%   221%
ALPS/CoreCommodities Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund    28%   117%
RiverFront Global Growth Fund    85%   113%
RiverFront Global Allocation Fund    95%   113%
RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund    99%   136%
RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund    98%   108%
ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund    65%   93%
RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund(1)    125%   73%
ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund(2)    63%   3%

(1) The RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund commenced operations September 4, 2012.

(2) The ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund commenced operations December 31, 2012.

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

This Policy sets forth the conditions under which Portfolio Holdings data for Financial Investors Trust (the “Trust”) on behalf of each Fund (collectively the “Funds” and each, a “Fund”) may be disclosed to Third Parties (which may include the public) and Service Providers. No data about the Funds may be disclosed except in accordance with this Policy.

Portfolio Holdings data includes, but is not limited to, the following information about the Funds: (i) specific securities held; (ii) industry sector breakdowns as a percentage of portfolio net assets; (iii) asset composition (e.g., equities versus bonds); (iv) U.S. versus foreign holdings percentage breakdowns and regional breakdowns (e.g., Asia, North America); and (v) top 10 portfolio holdings in order of position size, including percentage of portfolio.

“Third Parties” or a “Third Party” means a person other than a Service Provider, an employee of a Service Provider, a Trustee of the Board, or an officer of the Funds.

 

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“Service Providers” or a “Service Provider” includes, but is not limited to, the investment adviser, sub-adviser, administrator, custodian, transfer agent, fund accountant, principal underwriter, software or technology service providers, pricing and proxy voting service providers, research and trading service providers, auditors, accountants, and legal counsel, or any other entity that has a need to know such information in order to fulfill their contractual obligations to provide services to the Funds.

Policy Overview

The Board has adopted, on behalf of the Funds, policies and procedures relating to disclosure of the Portfolio Holdings. These policies and procedures are designed to protect the confidentiality of the Portfolio Holdings’ information and to prevent the selective disclosure of such information. These policies and procedures may be modified at any time with the approval of the Board.

In order to protect the Funds from any trading practices or other use by a Third Party that could harm the Funds, Portfolio Holdings’ and other Fund-specific information must not be selectively released or disclosed except under the circumstances described below.

The Board will periodically review the list of entities that have received, other than through public channels, Portfolio Holdings data, to ensure that the disclosure of the information was in the best interest of shareholders, identify any potential for conflicts of interest and evaluate the effectiveness of its current portfolio holding policy.

The identity of such entities is provided below:

 

Name of Recipient   

Frequency of

Holdings
Disclosure

  

Information

Lag

  

Date of

Information

  

Date

Provided

to Recipients

ALPS Advisors, Inc.

(Adviser)

   Daily    None    Daily    Daily

Red Rocks Capital LLC

(Sub-Adviser)

   Daily    None    Daily    Daily

Wellington Management Company, LLP

(Sub-Adviser)

   Daily    None    Daily    Daily

Clough Capital Partners LP

(Sub-Adviser)

   Daily    None    Daily    Daily
CoreCommodity Management, LLC (Sub-Adviser)    Daily    None    Daily    Daily

 

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RiverFront Investment Group, LLC (Sub-Adviser)    Daily    None    Daily    Daily
Kotak Mahindra (UK) Limited (Sub-Adviser)    Daily    None    Daily    Daily

ALPS Fund Services, Inc.

(Administrator)

   Daily    None    Daily    Daily

State Street Bank & Trust Company.

(Custodian)

   Daily    None    Daily    Daily

The Bank of New York Mellon

(Custodian – ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund)

   Daily    None    Daily    Daily

Deloitte & Touche LLP

(Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm)

   As needed    None    As needed    As needed

Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP

(Counsel)

   As needed    None    As needed    As needed
Brown Brothers Harriman & Co.    Daily    None    Daily    Daily
FactSet Research Systems Inc.    Daily    None    Daily    Daily
Investment Technology Group, Inc.    Daily    None    Daily    Daily
Glass, Lewis & Co., LLC    Daily    None    Daily    Daily
Markit WSO Corporation    Daily    None    Daily    Daily
State Street Bank and Trust Company    Daily    None    Daily    Daily

Only officers of the Funds and their authorized agents, including, but not limited to, the Chief Compliance Officer of the investment adviser or sub-adviser, may approve the disclosure of a Fund’s Portfolio Holdings. Except as set forth under “Policy Exceptions” below, exceptions to this Policy may only be made if an officer of a Fund and its authorized agents, including, but not limited to, the Chief Compliance Officer of the investment adviser or sub-adviser, determines that the disclosure is being made for a legitimate business purpose and such disclosures must be

 

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documented and reported to the Board on a quarterly basis. In all cases, Third Parties and Service Providers are required to execute a non-disclosure agreement requiring the recipient to keep confidential any Portfolio Holdings data received and not to trade on the Confidential Portfolio Information (defined below) received. Neither the Trust nor its Service Providers (nor any persons affiliated with either) can receive any compensation or other consideration in connection with the sharing of a Fund’s Portfolio Holdings.

Disclosure of the Portfolio Holdings’ information that is not publicly available (“Confidential Portfolio Information”) may be made to Service Providers. In addition, to the extent permitted under applicable law, the investment adviser or sub-adviser may distribute (or authorize the custodian or principal underwriter to distribute) Confidential Portfolio Information to the Fund’s relevant Service Providers and to facilitate the review of the Funds by certain mutual fund analysts and ratings agencies (such as Morningstar and Lipper Analytical Services) (“Rating Agencies”); provided that such disclosure is limited to the information that the investment adviser or sub-adviser believes is reasonably necessary in connection with the services to be provided. As noted above, except to the extent permitted under this Policy, Confidential Portfolio Information may not be disseminated for compensation or other consideration.

Before any disclosure of Confidential Portfolio Information to Service Providers or Rating Agencies is permitted, the applicable Fund’s investment adviser’s or the sub-adviser’s Chief Compliance Officer (or persons designated by the investment adviser’s or the sub-adviser’s Chief Compliance Officer) must determine in writing that, under the circumstances, the disclosure is being made for a legitimate business purpose. Furthermore, the recipient of Confidential Portfolio Information by a Service Provider or Rating Agency must be subject to a written confidentiality agreement that prohibits any trading upon the Confidential Portfolio Information or the recipient must be subject to professional or ethical obligations not to disclose or otherwise improperly use the information, such as would apply to independent registered public accounting firms or legal counsel.

The applicable Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser shall have primary responsibility for ensuring that the Portfolio Holdings’ information is disclosed only in accordance with this Policy. As part of this responsibility, the applicable Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser will maintain such internal policies and procedures as it believes are reasonably necessary for preventing the unauthorized disclosure of Confidential Portfolio Information.

Full Portfolio Holdings

Except as set forth in this Policy, the full holdings of a Fund will be disclosed on a quarterly basis on forms required to be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) as follows: (i) Portfolio Holdings as of the end of each fiscal year will be filed as part of the annual report filed on Form N-CSR; (ii) Portfolio Holdings as of the end of the first and third fiscal quarters will be filed in Form N-Q; and (iii) Portfolio Holdings as of the end of the second fiscal quarter will be filed as part of the semi-annual report filed on Form N-CSR. The Trust’s Form N-CSRs and Form N-Qs are available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. The RiverFront Global Growth Fund, the RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund, the RiverFront Global Allocation Fund, the RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund and the RiverFront

 

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Conservative Income Builder Funds currently authorize monthly dissemination of full holdings of a Fund after a ten (10) calendar day lag. The ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund currently authorizes monthly dissemination of full holdings of the Fund after a thirty (30) calendar day lag.

Partial Portfolio Holdings

Except as set forth in this Policy, partial Portfolio Holdings information will only be provided to Third Parties for the most recent month-end period and only after a thirty (30) calendar day delay from the end of the month being provided. These holdings may include any combination of the Portfolio Holdings information, except for full Portfolio Holdings. The Clough China Fund currently authorized monthly dissemination of the Fund’s top 10 holdings after a ten (10) calendar day lag. The ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund currently authorizes quarterly dissemination of partial holdings of the Fund with a seven (7) calendar day lag.

Policy Exceptions

The following disclosures of Portfolio Holdings are not prohibited by this Policy:

 

  ¡

Disclosures that are required by law

  ¡

Disclosures necessary for Service Providers (defined above);

  ¡

Disclosure necessary for Rating Agencies to assess applicable fund ratings.

  ¡

Disclosures necessary to broker-dealers or banks as part of the normal buying, selling, shorting, or other transactions in portfolio securities

  ¡

Disclosures to the applicable Fund’s or Service Providers’ regulatory authorities, accountants, or counsel;

  ¡

Disclosures to the adviser or sub-adviser of a Fund of compiled data concerning accounts managed by the particular adviser or sub-adviser; or

  ¡

Any portfolio holdings that precede a full public disclosure (e.g., portfolio holdings that are dated prior to the most recent quarterly disclosure) are not considered to be sensitive, proprietary information of the Fund, and therefore are not subject to the aforementioned disclosure policies.

PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

Investment Decisions and Portfolio Transactions

Investment decisions for a Fund are made with a view to achieving its investment objectives. Investment decisions are the product of many factors in addition to basic suitability for the particular client involved (including the Fund). Some securities considered for investment by the Fund may also be appropriate for other clients served by the Adviser or Sub-Adviser. Thus, a particular security may be bought or sold for certain clients even though it could have been bought or sold for other clients at the same time. If a purchase or sale of securities consistent with the investment policies of the Fund and one or more of these clients is considered at or

 

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about the same time, transactions in such securities will be allocated among the Fund and clients in a manner deemed fair and reasonable by the Adviser or Sub-Adviser. Particularly when investing in less liquid or illiquid securities of smaller capitalization companies, such allocation may take into account the asset size of the Fund in determining whether the allocation of an investment is suitable. The Adviser or Sub-Adviser may aggregate orders for the Fund with simultaneous transactions entered into on behalf of its other clients so long as price and transaction expenses are averaged either for the portfolio transaction or for that day. Likewise, a particular security may be bought for one or more clients when one or more clients are selling the security. In some instances, one client may sell a particular security to another client. It also sometimes happens that two or more clients simultaneously purchase or sell the same security, in which event each day’s transactions in such security are, insofar as possible, averaged as to price and allocated between such clients in a manner which in the Adviser or Sub-Adviser’s opinion is equitable to each and in accordance with the amount being purchased or sold by each. There may be circumstances when purchases or sales of portfolio securities for one or more clients will have an adverse effect on other clients, including the Fund.

Brokerage and Research Services

The Adviser or Sub-Adviser places orders for the purchase and sale of portfolio securities, options and futures contracts and buys and sells such securities, options and futures for the Fund through a substantial number of brokers and dealers. In so doing, the Adviser or Sub-Adviser uses its best efforts to obtain for the Fund the most favorable price and execution available, except to the extent it may be permitted to pay higher brokerage commissions as described below. In seeking the most favorable price and execution, the Adviser or Sub-Adviser, having in mind the Fund’s best interests, considers all factors it deems relevant, including, by way of illustration, price, the size of the transaction, the nature of the market for the security, the amount of the commission, the timing of the transaction taking into account market prices and trends, the reputation, experience and financial stability of the broker-dealer involved and the quality of service rendered by the broker-dealer in that or other transactions.

The Adviser or Sub-Adviser places orders for the purchase and sale of portfolio investments for the Fund’s accounts with brokers or dealers selected by it in its discretion. In effecting purchases and sales of portfolio securities for the accounts of the Fund, the Adviser or Sub-Adviser will seek the best price and execution of the Fund’s orders. In doing so, the Fund may pay higher commission rates than the lowest available when the Adviser or Sub-Adviser believes it is reasonable to do so in light of the value of the brokerage and research services provided by the broker effecting the transaction, as discussed below. Although the Fund may use a broker-dealer that sells Fund shares to effect transactions for the Fund’s portfolios, the Fund will not consider the sale of Fund shares as a factor when selecting broker-dealers to execute those transactions.

There is generally no stated commission in the case of fixed-income securities and other securities traded on a principal basis in the over-the-counter markets, but the price paid by the Fund usually includes an undisclosed dealer commission or markup. In underwritten offerings, the price paid by the Fund includes a disclosed, fixed commission or discount retained by the underwriter or dealer. Transactions on U.S. stock exchanges and other agency transactions involve the payment by the Fund of negotiated brokerage commissions. Such commissions vary

 

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among different brokers. Also, a particular broker may charge different commissions according to such factors as the difficulty and size of the transaction. Transactions in non-U.S. securities generally involve the payment of fixed brokerage commissions, which are generally higher than those in the United States. The purchase by the Fund of participations or assignments may be pursuant to privately negotiated transactions pursuant to which the Fund may by required to pay fees to the seller or forego a portion of payments in respect of the participation agreement.

Advisers or sub-advisers of investment companies and other institutional investors receive research and brokerage products and services (together, “services”) from broker-dealers which execute portfolio transactions for the clients of such advisers. Consistent with this practice, the Adviser or Sub-Adviser receives brokerage and research products and services from many broker-dealers with which the Adviser or Sub-Adviser places the Fund’s portfolio transactions. These services, which in some cases may also be purchased for cash, may include, among other things, such items as general economic and security market reviews, industry and company reviews, evaluations of securities, recommendations as to the purchase and sale of securities, and services related to the execution of securities transactions. The advisory fees paid by the Fund are not reduced because the Adviser or Sub-Adviser receives such services even though the receipt of such services relieves the Adviser or Sub-Adviser from expenses it might otherwise bear. Research and brokerage services provided by broker-dealers chosen by the Adviser or Sub-Adviser to place the Fund’s portfolio transactions may be useful to the Adviser or Sub-Adviser in providing services to the Adviser or Sub-Adviser’s other clients, although not all of these services may be necessarily useful and of value to the Adviser or Sub-Adviser in managing the Fund. Conversely, brokerage and research products and services provided to the Adviser or Sub-Adviser by broker-dealers in connection with trades executed on behalf of other clients of the Adviser or Sub-Adviser may be useful to the Adviser or Sub-Adviser in managing the Fund, although not all of these brokerage and research products and services may be necessarily useful and of value to the Adviser or Sub-Adviser in managing such other clients.

In reliance on the “safe harbor” provided by Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), a Adviser or Sub-Adviser may cause the Fund to pay a broker-dealer which provides “brokerage and research services” (as defined for purposes of Section 28(e)) to the Adviser or Sub-Adviser an amount of commission for effecting a securities transaction for the Fund in excess of the commission which another broker-dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if the Adviser or Sub-Adviser determines in good faith that the commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided by the broker-dealer viewed in terms of either a particular transaction or the Adviser or Sub-Adviser’s overall responsibilities to the advisory accounts for which it exercises investment discretion.

The Adviser or Sub-Adviser may place orders for the purchase and sale of exchange-listed portfolio securities with a broker-dealer that is an affiliate of the Adviser or Sub-Adviser where, in the judgment of the Adviser or Sub-Adviser, such firm will be able to obtain a price and execution at least as favorable as other qualified broker-dealers. Pursuant to rules of the SEC, a broker-dealer that is an affiliate of the Adviser or Sub-Adviser may receive and retain compensation for effecting portfolio transactions for the Fund on a securities exchange if the commissions paid to such an affiliated broker-dealer by the Fund on exchange transactions do

 

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not exceed “usual and customary brokerage commissions.” The rules define “usual and customary” commissions to include amounts which are “reasonable and fair compared to the commission, fee or other remuneration received or to be received by other brokers in connection with comparable transactions involving similar securities being purchased or sold on a securities exchange during a comparable period of time.” As required by applicable SEC rules, the Board has adopted procedures which are reasonably designed to provide that any commissions, fees or other remuneration paid to an affiliated broker are consistent with the foregoing standards.

The following tables list the total amount of brokerage commissions paid by each Fund for the fiscal year or period noted:

 

Fund Name    For the Fiscal
Year Ended
April 30, 2014
   For the Fiscal
Year Ended
April 30, 2013
  For the Fiscal
Year Ended
April 30, 2012
ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund    $252,065.19    $99,525   $164,884
ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund    $16,167.25    $29,493   $32,971
Clough China Fund    $791,893.43    $615, 973   $579,721
ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund    $23,890.38    $109,460   $238,412
RiverFront Global Growth Fund    $3,353.13    $12,702   $50,741
RiverFront Global Allocation Fund    $12,446.01    $4,236   $22,523
RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund    $4,335.30    $5,291   $14,338
RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund    $6,947.64    $23,319   $29,529
ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund    $8,263.29    $20,784   $32,163
RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund    $19,084.93    $2,692(5)   N/A
ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund(6)    $3,979.64    $838(6)   N/A

(1) The ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund commenced operations on June 29, 2010.

(2) The RiverFront Global Growth Fund changed its fiscal year from December 31 to April 30 on March 8, 2011, data presented is for the period January 1 through April 30. The brokerage commissions paid for the period January 1, 2010 through December 31, 2010 were $29,525.

(3) The RiverFront Global Allocation Fund, RiverFront Dynamic Equity Fund and RiverFront Moderate Growth and Income Fund commenced operations on August 2, 2010.

(4) The ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund commenced operations on February 14, 2011.

(5) The RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund commenced operations on September 4, 2013.

(6) The ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund commenced operations on December 31, 2012.

 

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For the fiscal year or period noted, the total brokerage commissions paid by each Fund to brokers and dealers in transactions identified for execution primarily on the basis of research and other services provided to the Funds are summarized below:

 

Fund Name    For the Fiscal Year Ended
April 30, 2014
   For the Fiscal Year Ended
April 30, 2013
  

For the Fiscal Year Ended

April 30, 2012

   Commissions   Transactions    Commissions   Transactions    Commissions   Transactions
ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund    $3,254,158*   $1,185    $4,355,095*   $2,455    $4,698,068*   $2,120

* Wellington Management requests broker/dealers to accrue cash balances for payment of qualified third-party research services through CCAs. These balances are generally not systematically linked to commissions generated by trades we place on behalf of our clients, but rather are managed in the aggregate across commissions generated by all clients. If a broker/dealer who pays for third-party research is used to execute CCA eligible trades in a client account, then we assign to each client account a pro rata share of the third-party research payment made by that broker/dealer. The account’s pro rata share for each broker is based on the percentage of aggregate firm wide commissions with each firm that are used for third-party research payment. Broker/dealers may implement this accrual process using various methods and assumptions that are not transparent to Wellington Management.

The ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, the Clough China Fund, The ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund and the ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund had no transactions identified for execution primarily on the basis of research and other services provided to the Funds and therefore no related commissions. With respect to the RiverFront Funds, all of those commissions were paid to brokers and dealers that provided research services to RiverFront.

The following tables list the total amount of brokerage commissions to brokers who were affiliated with the Fund, the Adviser or the Sub-Adviser during the fiscal year or period noted below:

 

Fund Name   

For the Fiscal Year

Ended April 30, 2014

   For the Fiscal Year
Ended April 30, 2013
  For the Fiscal Year
Ended April 30, 2012
ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund    $0    $0   $0
ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund    $0    $0   $0
Clough China Fund    $0    $0   $0
ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund    $0    $0   $0
RiverFront Global Growth Fund    $0    $0   $0
RiverFront Global Allocation Fund    $0    $0   $0
RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund    $0    $0   $0
RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund    $0    $0   $0
ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund    $0    $0   $0
RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund    $0    $0(1)   N/A
ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund    $0    $0(2)   N/A

 

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*Wellington Management has a broker-dealer affiliate, Wellington Management Advisers, Inc. This entity does not engage in retail brokerage, lending, securities underwriting, or proprietary trading. Its business is limited to introducing US prospects and clients to the investment management capabilities of the Wellington Management organization, including to prospects who ultimately may purchase interests in Wellington Management private funds. Wellington Management does not direct trades through Wellington Management Advisers, Inc., nor does this broker-dealer affiliate have the capability to process such trades

(1) The RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund commenced operations on September 4, 2012.

(2) The ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund commenced operations on December 31, 2012.

Each Fund may acquire securities of brokers who execute the Fund’s portfolio transactions. As of April 30, 2014, certain Funds owned securities of their regular broker-dealers (or parents) as shown below:

Fund Name    Name of Broker-
Dealer
   Market Value of Securities
Owned
ALPS | Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund    N/A    N/A
ALPS | Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund    N/A    N/A
ALPS | WMC Disciplined Value Fund    JP Morgan Chase & Co.    $3,362,886
ALPS | WMC Disciplined Value Fund    Wells Fargo & Co.    3,610,814

 

ALPS | WMC Disciplined Value Fund

   Citigroup, Inc.    $2,208,891
     
ALPS | WMC Disciplined Value Fund    Morgan Stanley    $1,112,243
Clough China Fund    N/A    N/A
ALPS | CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities® Strategy Fund    N/A    N/A
RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund    N/A    N/A
RiverFront Dynamic Equity Fund    N/A    N/A
RiverFront Global Allocation Fund    N/A    N/A
RiverFront Global Growth Fund    N/A    N/A
RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund    N/A    N/A
     
ALPS | Kotak India Growth Fund    ICICI Bank, Ltd.    $488,729

 

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PURCHASE, EXCHANGE & REDEMPTION OF SHARES

ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (the “Transfer Agent”), will maintain an account for each shareholder upon which the registration and transfer of shares are recorded, and any transfers shall be reflected by bookkeeping entry, without physical delivery. Confirmations of each purchase, exchange or redemption are sent to each shareholder. Quarterly statements of account are sent which include shares purchased as a result of a reinvestment of Fund distributions. The Transfer Agent will require that a shareholder provide requests in writing, accompanied by a valid signature guarantee form, when changing certain information in an account (i.e., wiring instructions, telephone privileges, etc.).

Share Classes

Shares of each Fund are currently divided into three share classes – Class A, Class C, and Class I shares - with the exception of the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, which has one additional share classes – Class R and the RiverFront Global Growth Fund, which has two additional share classes – Class L and Investor Class.

The Investor Class and Class L are limited to shareholders of the RiverFront Predecessor Fund prior to September 27, 2010, and therefore the investment minimums are not applicable at this time.

The assets received by each class of the Fund for the issue or sale of its shares and all income, earnings, profits, losses and proceeds therefrom, subject only to the rights of creditors, are allocated to, and constitute the underlying assets of, that class of the Fund. The underlying assets of each class of the Fund are segregated and are charged with the expenses with respect to that class of the Fund along with a share of the general expenses of the Fund and Trust. Any general expenses of the Fund that are not readily identifiable as belonging to a particular class of the Fund are allocated by or under the direction of the Trustees in such manner as they determine to be fair and equitable.

Purchase of Shares

The following table lists the sales charges that will be applied to your share purchase, subject to the breakpoint discounts indicated in the tables and described below.

 

Purchase Amount

   Class A
(Sales
Charge)
  Class C
(Sales
Charge)
  Class I
(Sales
Charge)
   Class R
(Sales
Charge)

Less than $50,000

  

5.50%

 

None**

 

None

  

None

$50,000 but less than $100,000

  

4.50%

 

None**

 

None

  

None

$100,000 but less than $250,000

  

3.50%

 

None**

 

None

  

None

$250,000 but less than $500,000

  

2.50%

 

None**

 

None

  

None

$500,000 but less than $1 million

  

2.00%

 

None**

 

None

  

None

$1 million or greater

  

0.00%*

 

None**

 

None

  

None

* A contingent deferred sales charge of 1.00% may apply to shares redeemed within 18 months after a purchase in excess of $1 million.

 

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** A contingent deferred sales charge of 1.00% may apply to shares redeemed within 12 months.

Class C shares are generally offered through financial intermediary platforms including, but not limited to, traditional brokerage platforms, mutual fund wrap fee programs, bank trust platforms, and retirement platforms. Class C shares offer the ability for payment of up to 0.75% of net assets for payment to financial intermediaries for the provision of distribution services and up to 0.25% of net assets for the provision of shareholder services on behalf of their clients. In addition, the shares offer the ability for payment to financial intermediaries for the provision of administrative services, including recordkeeping, subaccounting, order processing for omnibus or networked accounts, or other shareholder services provided on behalf of their clients. The shares are not offered directly to individual investors. Consult with your financial intermediary representative for additional information on whether the shares are an appropriate investment choice. Broker-Dealers who make shares available through mutual fund wrap accounts may impose additional fees for services connected to the wrap account.

Class R Shares are offered through financial intermediary platforms, including, but not limited to, retirement plan platforms.

An Investor Class or Class L shareholder of the RiverFront Global Growth Fund can purchase additional Investor Class or Class L shares. An Investor Class or Class L shareholder of the RiverFront Global Growth Fund can purchase Class A (or any other class sold with a front-end load) shares of any other ALPS-Advised Fund (as defined below) on a load waived basis, subject to the processing ability and the discretion of the broker-dealer or other financial intermediary. A Class L shareholder of the RiverFront Global Growth Fund can purchase Class I (or an equivalent institutional class) shares of any ALPS-Advised Fund, subject (i) to the investment minimum waivers governing such shares as contained in the prospectus and (ii) to the processing ability and the discretion of the broker-dealer or other financial intermediary.

Dealer Commissions and Compensation

Class A Shares

Commissions (up to 1.00%) are paid to dealers who initiate and are responsible for certain Class A share purchases not subject to sales charges. These purchases consist of purchases of $1 million or more; purchases by employer-sponsored defined contribution-type retirement plans investing $1 million or more or with 100 or more eligible employees; and purchases made at net asset value by certain retirement plans, endowments and foundations with assets of $10 million or more. Commissions on such investments (other than IRA rollover assets that roll over at no sales charge under the fund’s IRA rollover policy as described in the prospectus) are paid to dealers at the following rates: 1.00% on amounts of less than $4 million, 0.50% on amounts of at least $4 million but less than $10 million and 0.25% on amounts of at least $10 million. Commissions are based on cumulative investments over the life of the account with no adjustment for redemptions, transfers, or market declines. For example, if a shareholder has accumulated investments in excess of $4 million (but less than $10 million) and subsequently redeems all or a portion of the account(s), purchases following the redemption will generate a dealer commission of 0.50%.

 

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Underwriting Commissions

The following chart reflects the total front-end sales charges paid in connection with the sale of Class A shares of the Funds and the amount retained by either ALPS Distributors, Inc. or ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. for the last three fiscal years ended April 30, 2014, April 30, 2013 and April 30, 2012 (effective April 30, 2013, ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributors, Inc. became the Funds’ principal underwriter):

 

      2014    2013    2012
        Total Sales  
Charge
   Amount  
Retained  
     Total Sales  
Charge
  

Amount  

Retained  

     Total Sales  
Charge
   Amount  
Retained  
ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund    $160,274    $24,160    $51,883    $7,921    $59,814.35    $8,813.20
ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund    $20,887    $157    $9,184    $1,307    $693.60    $90.31
Clough China Fund    $111,353    $12,833    $49,382    $6,006    $55,356.61    $7,182.84
ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund    $146,873    $24,565    $222,221    $31,954    $297,535.75    $44,865.62
RiverFront Global Growth Fund    $16,729    $2,635    $19,726    $3,220    $23,232.27    $3,241.07
RiverFront Global Allocation Fund    $115,769    $18,177    $46,430    $7,953    $54,420.20    $8,553.20
RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund    $36,616    $5,735    $77,019    $12,970    $35,298.90    $5,816.77
RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund    $42,715    $6,106    $231,891    $38,306    $271,697.32    $42,870.38
ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund    $130,722    $20,814    $21,110    $3,087    $38,527.77    $6,119.57
RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund(1)    $8,690    $1,320    $16,251    $2,846    N/A    N/A
ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund(2)    $23,818    $4,059    $15,065    $2,568    N/A    N/A

(1) The RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund commenced operations on September 4, 2012.

(2) The ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund commenced operations on December 31, 2012.

Class C Shares

APSD may compensate your financial intermediary at the time of sale at a commission rate of 1.00% of the net asset value of the Class C shares purchased. Service providers to qualified plans will not receive this amount if they receive 12b-1 fees from the time of initial investment of qualified plan assets in Class C shares.

Investor Class Shares

APSD may compensate your financial intermediary at the time of sale at a commission rate of 0.25% of the net asset value of the Investor Class shares purchased. Service providers to qualified plans will not receive this amount if they receive 12b-1 fees from the time of initial investment of qualified plan assets in Investor Class shares.

 

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Other Information

The minimum initial investments in each Fund are set forth in the Prospectus. Subsequent purchases may be made in any amount.

Subsequent investments may be made at any time by mailing a check to a Fund’s Transfer Agent, along with a detachable stub from the Statement of Account (or a letter providing the account number). Shareholders should be sure to write the Fund’s account number on the check. Purchases of Fund shares (initial or subsequent) may not be made by third party check.

Shares of a Fund may be purchased on any business day at the net asset value per share next determined after receipt of a purchase order. Share certificates will not be issued. Share purchase orders are effective on the date a Fund receives a completed Account Application Form (and other required documents) and federal funds become available.

Initial and subsequent investments may also be made by wire transfer. Shareholders should note that their bank may charge a fee in connection with transferring money by bank wire.

For a share purchase order for a Fund to become effective on a particular business day, prior to 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time): (i) in the case of a wire transfer payment, a purchaser must call 866.759.5679 to inform the Transfer Agent of an incoming wire transfer; or (ii) in the case of payment by check or money order, a complete share purchase order must be actually received by the Transfer Agent, and, in either case, federal funds must be received by the Transfer Agent, on behalf of the Fund. If federal funds are received by the Transfer Agent that same day, the order will be effective on that day. If a Fund receives notification of a wire transfer or a complete share purchase order after 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time), or if federal funds are not received by the Transfer Agent, such purchase order shall be executed as of the date that federal funds are actually received.

The price of a Fund’s shares and the valuation of Fund assets are discussed in “Net Asset Value.”

Exchanging Shares

Class A, Class C, and Class I Shares

If you have held all or part of your shares in a Fund for at least seven days, you may exchange those shares for shares of the same class of any of the following funds (each, an “ALPS-Advised Fund”), if such ALPS-Advised Fund is available for sale in your state and meets the investment criteria of the investor:

 

ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund   

RiveFront Conservative Income Builder Fund

ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund

  

RiverFront Global Growth Fund

Clough China Fund

   RiverFront Global Allocation Fund

 

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ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund    RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund
ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund    RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund
ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund    ALPS Real Asset Income Fund
ALPS/Westport Resources Hedged High Income Fund    ALPS/Sterling ETF Tactical Rotation Fund

Investor Class and Class L Shares (RiverFront Global Growth Fund only)

In addition, and subject to the terms above, an Investor Class or Class L shareholder of the RiverFront Global Growth Fund can exchange for Class A (or any other class sold with a front-end load) shares of any other ALPS-Advised Fund on a load waived basis, subject to the processing ability and the discretion of the broker-dealer or other financial intermediary. A Class L shareholder of the RiverFront Global Growth Fund can exchange for Class I (or an equivalent institutional class) shares of any other ALPS-Advised Fund, subject (i) to the investment minimum waivers governing such shares as contained in the prospectus and (ii) to the processing ability and the discretion of the broker-dealer or other financial intermediary.

All Classes

If you are an existing shareholder of a Fund or of an ALPS-Advised Fund, you may exchange into a new account copying your existing account registration and options. Exchanges between accounts will be accepted only if registrations are identical.

Exchanges must meet the minimum investment requirements described in the Prospectus.

Before effecting an exchange, you should read the Prospectus for the fund into which you are exchanging.

You may also transfer between classes of a Fund if you meet the minimum investment requirements for the class into which you would like to transfer.

An exchange represents the sale of shares from one fund and the purchase of shares of another fund. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, this may produce a taxable gain or loss in your non-tax-deferred account. Transfers between classes of a Fund are generally not considered a taxable transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

The exchange privilege may be modified or terminated upon sixty (60) days’ written notice to shareholders. Although initially there will be no limit on the number of times you may exercise the exchange privilege, each Fund reserves the right to impose such a limitation. Call or write a Fund for further details.

 

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Redemption of Shares

If the Board determines that it is in the best interests of the remaining shareholders of a Fund, a Fund may pay the redemption price in whole, or in part, by a distribution in kind from the Fund, in lieu of cash, taking such securities at their value employed for determining such redemption price, and selecting the securities in such manner as such Board may deem fair and equitable. A shareholder who receives a distribution in kind may incur a brokerage commission upon a later disposition of such securities and may receive less than the redemption value of such securities or property upon sale, particularly where such securities are sold prior to maturity. However, each Fund is required to redeem shares solely for cash up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the NAV of the Fund during any 90-day period for any one shareholder. Should redemptions by any shareholder exceed such limitation, the Fund will have the option of redeeming the excess in cash or in-kind. Redemption in kind is not as liquid as a cash redemption.

Under the 1940 Act, each Fund may suspend the right of redemption or postpone the date of payment upon redemption for any period: (i) during which the NYSE is closed, other than customary weekend and holiday closings; (ii) during which trading on the NYSE is restricted; or (iii) during which (as determined by the SEC by rule or regulation) an emergency exists as a result of which disposal or valuation of portfolio securities is not reasonably practicable, or for such other periods as the SEC may permit. Each Fund may also suspend or postpone the recordation of the transfer of its shares upon the occurrence of any of the foregoing conditions.

Redemption Procedures. Each Fund will redeem all full and fractional shares of the Fund upon request on any business day at the applicable net asset value determined after the receipt of proper redemption instructions, less any applicable redemption fees. Shareholders liquidating their holdings will receive upon redemption all dividends reinvested through the date of redemption. If notice of redemption is received on any business day, the redemption will be effective on the date of receipt. Payment will ordinarily be made by wire on the next business day, but, in any case, within no more than seven business days from the date of receipt. If the notice is received on a day that is not a business day or after the close of regularly scheduled trading on the NYSE, the redemption notice will be deemed received as of the next business day. The value of shares at the time of redemption may be more or less than the shareholder’s cost.

No redemption requests will be processed until a Fund has received a completed Purchase Application, and no redemption of shares purchased by check will be made until all checks received for such shares have been collected, which may take up to 15 days or more.

Redemption Fees. If you sell your shares of the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund after holding them 90 calendar days or less, or the Clough China Fund, the ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund and the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund after holding them 30 calendar days or less, a 2% short-term redemption fee may be deducted from the redemption amount. For this purpose, shares held longest will be treated as being redeemed first and shares held shortest as being redeemed last. The fees are paid to the respective Fund and are designed to help offset the brokerage commissions, market impact and other costs associated with short-term shareholder trading.

 

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The short-term redemption fee does not apply to: (i) redemptions of shares acquired by reinvesting dividends and distributions; (ii) rollovers, transfers and changes of account registration within the Fund as long as the money never leaves such Fund; and (iii) redemptions in-kind.

The Fund(s) also permits waivers of the short-term redemption fee for the following transactions:

 

   

Redemptions due to small balance maintenance fees;

 

   

Redemptions related to death or due to a divorce decree;

 

   

Certain types of IRA account transactions, including: redemptions pursuant to systematic withdrawal programs, required minimum distributions, withdrawals due to disability or death, return of excess contribution amounts and redemptions related to payment of custodian fees; and

 

   

Certain types of employer-sponsored and 403(b) retirement plan transactions, including: loans or hardship withdrawals, minimum required distributions, redemptions pursuant to systematic withdrawal programs, forfeiture of assets, return of excess contribution amounts, redemptions related to payment of plan fees and redemptions related to death, disability or qualified domestic relations order.

The application of short-term redemption fees and waivers may vary among intermediaries and certain intermediaries may not apply the waivers listed above. If you purchase or sell Fund shares through an intermediary, you should contact your intermediary for more information on whether the short-term redemption fee will be applied to redemptions of your shares.

Each Fund reserves the right to modify or eliminate the short-term redemption fee or waivers at any time. Investment advisers or their affiliates may pay short-term redemption fees on behalf of investors in managed accounts. Unitized group accounts consisting of qualified plan assets may be treated as a single account for redemption fee purposes.

Contingent Deferred Sales Charge (“CDSC”). Class A share purchases in excess of $1 million and any Class C share purchases may be charged a CDSC of 1% if those shares are redeemed within 18 months of initial purchase. Each Fund may waive the imposition of a CDSC on redemption of Fund shares under certain circumstances and conditions, including without limitation, the following:

 

 

Redemptions following the death or permanent disability (as defined by Section 72(m)(7) of the Code) of a shareholder if made within one year of death or the initial determination of permanent disability. The waiver is available only for shares held at the time of death or initial determination of permanent disability: and

 

Required minimum distributions from a tax-deferred retirement plan or an individual retirement account (IRA) as required under the Code. The waiver of the CDSC for required distributions will be as a percentage of assets held in the Fund.

 

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If you think you may be eligible for a CDSC waiver, contact your financial intermediary. You must notify the Fund prior to the redemption request to ensure your receipt of the waiver.

Redemption By Mail. Shares may be redeemed by mail by submitting a written request from the registered owner(s) signed exactly as shares are registered. Signature guarantees by an acceptable guarantor are required to redeem amounts greater than $50,000 or to have proceeds sent to an address other than the address of record. The Transfer Agent has adopted standards and procedures pursuant to which signature-guarantees in proper form generally will be accepted from domestic banks, brokers, dealers, credit unions, national securities exchanges, registered securities associations, clearing agencies and savings associations, as well as from participants in the New York Stock Exchange Medallion Signature Program, the Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program (“STAMP”) and the Stock Exchanges Medallion Program. Shareholders with any questions regarding signature-guarantees should contact the Transfer Agent.

In certain instances, the Transfer Agent may require additional documents such as, but not limited to, trust instruments, death certificates, appointments as executor or administrator or certificates of corporate authority.

Checks for redemption proceeds will be mailed to the address of record within seven days of redemption.

Redemption By Wire. If redemption by wire has been elected in the Purchase Application, shares may be redeemed on any business day upon request made by telephone or letter. A shareholder or any authorized agent (so designated on the Account Application Form) must provide the Transfer Agent with the dollar or share amount to be redeemed, the account to which the redemption proceeds should be wired, the name of the shareholder and the shareholder’s account number. Shareholders should note that their bank may charge a fee in connection with transferring money by wire.

A shareholder may change its authorized agent, the address of record or the account designated to receive redemption proceeds at any time by providing the Transfer Agent with written instructions signature guaranteed as described above.

Telephone Redemption. A shareholder may request redemption by calling the Transfer Agent at 866.759.5679. Proceeds from telephone redemptions will be forwarded to the shareholder by check unless the shareholder has requested redemption by wire in the manner described above under “Redemption by Wire.” The check will be made only payable to the registered shareholder and sent to the address of record on file with the Transfer Agent. Each Fund reserves the right to refuse a telephone request for redemption if it is believed advisable to do so. Procedures for redeeming shares by telephone may be modified or terminated at any time by the Fund. Neither any Fund nor the Transfer Agent will be liable for following redemption instructions received by telephone which are reasonably believed to be genuine, and the shareholder will bear the risk of loss in the event of unauthorized or fraudulent telephone instructions. Each Fund will employ reasonable procedures to confirm that instructions communicated by telephone are genuine. The Fund and/or the Transfer Agent may be liable for any losses due to unauthorized or fraudulent instructions if they do not follow such procedures. Each Fund may require personal identification codes.

 

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Rule 12b-1 Plans

As described in the Prospectus, each Fund has adopted a separate plan of distribution for Class A and Class C shares, pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act (each, a “Plan” and collectively, the “Plans”). In addition, the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund has adopted a separate Plan for its Class R shares and the RiverFront Global Growth Fund has adopted a separate Plan for its Investor Class shares.

The Plans allow each Fund, as applicable, to use Class A, Class C, Class R and/or Investor Class assets to pay fees in connection with the distribution and marketing of Class A, Class C, Class R or Investor Class shares and/or the provision of shareholder services to Class A, Class C, Class R or Investor Class shareholders. The Plan permits payment for services in connection with the administration of plans or programs that use Class A, Class C, Class R and/or Investor Class shares of the Fund as their funding medium and for related expenses.

The Plans permit each Fund to make total payments at an annual rate of up to 0.25% of a Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to its Class A and Investor Class shares, 0.75% of a Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to its Class C shares, and 0.50% of the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to its Class R shares. Because these fees are paid out of a Fund’s Class A, Class C, Class R and Investor Class assets on an ongoing basis, over time they will increase the cost of an investment in Class A, Class C, Class R and Investor shares, and Plan fees may cost an investor more than other types of sales charges.

Under the terms of the Plan, the Trust is authorized to make payments to APSD for remittance to retirement plan service providers, broker-dealers, bank trust departments, financial advisors, and other financial intermediaries, as compensation for distribution and/or shareholder services performed by such entities for their customers who are investors in the Fund. Financial intermediaries may from time to time be required to meet certain criteria in order to receive 12b-1 fees. APSD is entitled to retain all fees paid under the Plan for the first 12 months on any investment in Class C Shares to recoup its expenses with respect to the payment of commissions on sales of Class C Shares. Financial intermediaries will become eligible for compensation under the Class C Plan beginning in the 13th month following the purchase of Class C Shares, although APSD may, pursuant to a written agreement between APSD and a particular financial intermediary, pay such financial intermediary 12b-1 fees prior to the 13th month following the purchase of Class C Shares. APSD is entitled to retain some or all fees payable under the Plan in certain circumstances, including when there is no broker of record or when certain qualification standards have not been met by the broker of record. The Plan may be terminated by vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees, or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the relevant class of shares of a Fund. The Plan may be amended by vote of the relevant Trustees, including a majority of the relevant Independent Trustees, cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose. Any change in the Plan that would materially increase the fees payable thereunder by the relevant class of shares of a Fund requires approval by a vote of the holders of a majority of such shares outstanding. The Trustees review quarterly written reports of such costs and the purposes for which such costs have been incurred.

 

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The Plan will continue in effect for successive one-year periods, provided that each such continuance is specifically approved (i) by the vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees of the Trust who have no financial interest in the operation of the Plan and (ii) by the vote of a majority of the entire Board cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose.

Amounts Expensed Under the 12b-1 Plan

For the fiscal year or period ended April 30, 2014, the total amounts paid by the Class A shares, Class C shares, Class R shares and Investor Class shares of the Funds to APSD (substantially all of which APSD paid out as compensation to broker-dealers and other service providers) under each Class’ respective Plan are summarized below.

Amounts Expensed Under the 12b-1 Plan

 

     Advertising
and
Literature
  Printing
and
Postage
  Payment
to Dealers
  Compensation
to Sales
Personnel
  Total
12b-1
Payments

ALPS | Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund

                   

Class A Shares

  -     -     $13,044   -     $13,044

Class C Shares

  -     -     $11,581   -     $11,581

ALPS | Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund

                   

Class A Shares

  -     -     $393,154   -     $393,154

Class C Shares

  -     -     $53,015   -     $53,015

Class R Shares

  -     -     $1,822   -     $1,822

ALPS | WMC Disciplined Value Fund

                   

Class A Shares

  -     -     $135,923   -     $135,923

Class C Shares

  -     -     $818   -     $818

Clough China Fund

                   

Class A Shares

  -     -     $90,072   -     $90,072

Class C Shares

  -     -     $90,802   -     $90,802

ALPS | CoreCommodity Management

CompleteCommodities® Strategy Fund

                   

Class A Shares

  -     -     $251,281   -     $251,281

Class C Shares

  -     -     $128,326   -     $128,326

 

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RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund

                   

Class A Shares

  -     -     $2,038   -     $2,038

Class C Shares

  -     -     $20,698   -     $20,698

RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund

                   

Class A Shares

  -     -     $25,783   -     $25,783

Class C Shares

  -     -     $151,761   -     $151,761

RiverFront Global Allocation Fund

                   

Class A Shares

  -     -     $21,599   -     $21,599

Class C Shares

  -     -     $88,245   -     $88,245

RiverFront Global Growth Fund

                   

Class A Shares

  -     -     $28,226   -     $28,226

Class C Shares

  -     -     $67,941   -     $67,941

Investor Class

  -     -     $21,787   -     $21,787

RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund

                   

Class A Shares

  -     -     $77,669   -     $77,669

Class C Shares

  -     -     $432,370   -     $432,370

ALPS | Kotak India Growth Fund

                   

Class A Shares

  -     -     $10,711   -     $10,711

Class C Shares

  -     -     $6,139   -     $6,139

Shareholder Services Plan for Class C Shares

Each Fund has adopted a shareholder services plan (a “Class C Shareholder Services Plan”) with respect to the Fund’s Class C shares. Under the Class C Shareholder Services Plan, each Fund is authorized to pay banks and their affiliates and other institutions, including broker-dealers and Fund affiliates (“Participating Organizations”), an aggregate fee in an amount not to exceed on an annual basis 0.25% for Class C shares of the average daily net asset value of the Class C shares of the Fund attributable to or held in the name of a Participating Organization for its clients as compensation for providing shareholder service activities, which do not include distribution services, pursuant to an agreement with a Participating Organization.

 

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Shareholder Services Plan for Class A Shares

The ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, the ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund and the ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund have each adopted a shareholder services plan (a “Class A Shareholder Services Plan”) with respect to the Fund’s Class A shares. Under the Class A Shareholder Services Plan, each of the aforementioned Funds is authorized to pay banks and their affiliates and other institutions, including broker-dealers and Fund affiliates (“Participating Organizations”), an aggregate fee in an amount not to exceed on an annual basis 0.15% for Class A shares of the average daily net asset value of the Class A shares of a Fund attributable to or held in the name of a Participating Organization for its clients as compensation for providing service activities pursuant to an agreement with a Participating Organization. Any amount of such payment not paid during a Fund’s fiscal year for such service activities shall be reimbursed to such Fund as soon as practicable after the end of the fiscal year. The Clough China Fund, ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund and the RiverFront Funds do not have a Class A Shareholder Services Plan.

TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS

The business and affairs of each Fund are managed under the direction of its Board. The Board approves all significant agreements between a Fund and the persons or companies that furnish services to the Fund, including agreements with its distributor, Adviser, Sub-Adviser, administrator, custodian and transfer agent. The day-to-day operations of each Fund are delegated to the Fund’s Adviser, Sub-Adviser and administrator.

The name, address, age and principal occupations for the past five years of the Trustees and officers of the Trust are listed below, along with the number of portfolios in the Fund complex overseen by and the other directorships held by each Trustee.

 

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INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES

 

Name,

Address*

& Year of

Birth

 

Position(s)

Held with

Fund

 

Term of

Office and

Length of

Time

Served

 

Principal

Occupation(s) During

Past 5 Years**

  Number
of
Funds in
Fund
Complex
Overseen
by
Trustee

***
 

Other

Directorships

Held by

Trustee During Past 5

Years**

Mary K. Anstine,

1940

  Trustee   Ms. Anstine was elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on March 21, 1997 and re-elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on August 7, 2009.   Ms. Anstine was formerly an Executive Vice President of First Interstate Bank of Denver until 1994, President/Chief Executive Officer of HealthONE Alliance, Denver, Colorado, from 1994 to 2004, and has been retired since 2004. Ms. Anstine is also Trustee/Director of AV Hunter Trust and Colorado Uplift Board. Ms. Anstine was formerly a Director of the Trust Bank of Colorado (later purchased and now known as Northern Trust Bank), HealthONE and Denver Area Council of the Boy Scouts of America, and a member of the American Bankers Association Trust Executive Committee.   60   Ms. Anstine is a Trustee of ALPS ETF Trust (21 funds); ALPS Variable Investment Trust (7 funds); Reaves Utility Income Fund (1 fund); and Westcore Trust (12 funds).

John R. Moran, Jr.,

1930

  Trustee   Mr. Moran was elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on March 21, 1997 and re-elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on August 7, 2009.   Mr. Moran formerly served as President and CEO of The Colorado Trust, a private foundation serving the health and hospital community in the state of Colorado, from 1991 to 2007. During his career as an attorney from 1958 to 1991, Mr. Moran was formerly a partner with the firm of Kutak Rock & Campbell in Denver, Colorado and a member of the Colorado House of Representatives. Currently, Mr. Moran is a member of the Treasurer’s Investment Advisory Committee for the University of Colorado.   32   None.

Jeremy W. Deems,

1976

  Trustee   Mr. Deems was appointed as a Trustee at the March 11, 2008 meeting of the Board of Trustees and elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on August 7, 2009.   Mr. Deems is the Co-Founder, Chief Operations Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Green Alpha Advisors, LLC, a registered investment advisor, and Co-Portfolio Manager of the Shelton Green Alpha Fund. Prior to joining Green Alpha Advisors, Mr. Deems was CFO and Treasurer of Forward Management, LLC, ReFlow Management Co., LLC, ReFlow Fund, LLC, a private investment fund, and Sutton Place Management, LLC, an administrative services company, from 1998 to June 2007. From 2004 to 2005, Mr Deems also served as Treasurer of the Forward Funds and the Sierra Club Funds.   60   Mr. Deems is a Trustee of ALPS ETF Trust (21 funds); ALPS Variable Investment Trust (7 funds) and Reaves Utility Income Fund (1 fund).

 

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Jerry G. Rutledge,

1944

  Trustee   Mr. Rutledge was elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on August 7, 2009.   Mr. Rutledge is the President and owner of Rutledge’s Inc., a retail clothing business. Mr. Rutledge is currently Director of the American National Bank. He was from 1994 to 2007 a Regent of the University of Colorado.   36   Mr. Rutledge is a Trustee of Principal Real Estate Income Fund (1 fund), Clough Global Allocation Fund (1 fund), Clough Global Equity Fund (1 fund) and Clough Global Opportunities Fund (1 fund).

Michael “Ross” Shell ,

1970

  Trustee   Mr. Shell was elected at a special meeting of shareholders held on August 7, 2009.   Mr. Shell is Founder and CEO of Red Idea, LLC, a strategic consulting/early stage venture firm (since June 2008). From 1999 to 2009, he was a part-owner and Director of Tesser, Inc., a brand agency. From December 2005 to May 2008, he was Director, Marketing and Investor Relations, of Woodbourne, a REIT/real estate hedge fund and private equity firm. Prior to this, from May 2004 to November 2005, he worked as a business strategy consultant; from June 2003 to April 2004, he was on the Global Client Services team of IDEO, a product design/innovation firm; and from 1999 to 2003, he was President of Tesser, Inc. Mr. Shell graduated with honors from Stanford University with a degree in Political Science.   32   None.

 

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INTERESTED TRUSTEE

 

Name,

Address*

&

Age

 

Position(s)

Held with

Fund

 

Term of Office

and Length of

Time Served

 

Principal

Occupation(s)

During Past 5

Years**

  Number
of
Funds in
Fund
Complex
Overseen
by

Trustee
***
 

Other

Directorships

Held by

Trustee

Edmund J. Burke,

1961

  Trustee, Chairman and President   Mr. Burke was elected as Chairman at the August 28, 2009 meeting of the Board of Trustees. Mr. Burke was elected as Trustee at a special meeting of shareholders held on August 7, 2009. Mr. Burke was elected President of the Trust at the December 17, 2002 meeting of the Board of Trustees.   Mr. Burke is President and a Director of ALPS Holdings, Inc. (“AHI”) (since 2005) and Director of Boston Financial Data Services, Inc. (“BFDS”), ALPS Advisors, Inc. (“AAI”), ALPS Distributors, Inc. (“ADI”), ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (“AFS”) and ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. (“APSD”) and from 2001-2008, was President of AAI, ADI, AFS and APSD. Because of his positions with AHI, BFDS, AAI, ADI, AFS and APSD, Mr. Burke is deemed an affiliate of the Trust as defined under the 1940 Act. Mr. Burke is Trustee and President of the Clough Global Allocation Fund (Trustee since 2006; President since 2004); Trustee and President of the Clough Global Equity Fund (Trustee since 2006; President since 2005); Trustee and President of the Clough Global Opportunities Fund (since 2006); Trustee of the Liberty All-Star Equity Fund; and Director of the Liberty All-Star Growth Fund, Inc.   35   Mr. Burke is a Trustee of Clough Global Allocation Fund (1 fund); Clough Global Equity Fund (1 fund); Clough Global Opportunities Fund (1 fund); Trustee of the Liberty All-Star Equity Fund (1 fund); and Director of the Liberty All-Star Growth Fund, Inc. (1 fund).

OFFICERS

 

Name, Address* &

Year of Birth

 

Position(s)

Held with

Fund

 

Term of

Office and

Length of

Time Served

 

Principal Occupation(s) During

Past 5 Years**

Kimberly R. Storms,

1972

  Treasurer   Ms. Storms was elected Treasurer of the Trust at the March 12, 2013 meeting of the Board of Trustees.   Ms. Storms is Senior Vice President - Director of Fund Administration of ALPS. Ms. Storms joined ALPS in 1998 as Assistant Controller. Because of her position with ALPS, Ms. Storms is deemed an affiliate of the Trust as defined under the 1940 Act. Ms. Storms is also Treasurer of BPV Family of Funds and ALPS Series Trust; Assistant Treasurer of Liberty All-Star Equity Fund and Liberty All-Star Growth Fund, Inc.; Assistant Treasurer of Tilson Funds; and Chief Financial Officer of The Arbitrage Funds.

 

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Name, Address* &

Year of Birth

 

Position(s)

Held with

Fund

 

Term of

Office and

Length of

Time Served

 

Principal Occupation(s) During

Past 5 Years**

David T. Buhler,

1971

  Secretary   Mr. Buhler was elected Secretary of the Trust at the September 11, 2012 meeting of the Board of Trustees.   Mr. Buhler joined ALPS in June 2010. He is currently Vice President and Senior Associate Counsel of ALPS, AAI, ADI and APSD. Prior to joining ALPS, Mr. Buhler served as Associate General Counsel and Assistant Secretary of Founders Asset Management LLC from 2006 to 2009. Because of his position with ALPS, Mr. Buhler is deemed an affiliate of the Trust as defined under the 1940 Act. Mr. Buhler is also the Secretary ALPS Variable Investment Trust and Westcore Trust.

Ted Uhl,

1974

  Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”)   Mr. Uhl was appointed CCO of the Trust at the June 8, 2010 meeting of the Board of Trustees.   Mr. Uhl joined ALPS in October 2006, and is currently Deputy Compliance Officer of ALPS. Prior to his current role, Mr. Uhl served as Senior Risk Manager for ALPS from October 2006 until June 2010. Before joining ALPS, Mr. Uhl served a Sr. Analyst with Enenbach and Associates (RIA), and a Sr. Financial Analyst at Sprint. Because of his position with ALPS, Mr. Uhl is deemed an affiliate of the Trust as defined under the 1940 Act. Mr. Uhl is also CCO of the Clough Global Funds, Reaves Utility Income Fund, Drexel Hamilton Funds and Transparent Value Trust.

*All communications to Trustees and Officers may be directed to Financial Investors Trust c/o 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, CO 80203.

**This is the period for which the Trustee or Officer began serving the Trust. Each Trustee serves an indefinite term, until his successor is elected. Officers are elected on an annual basis.

***The Fund Complex includes all series of the Trust, currently 32, and any other investment companies for which any Trustee serves as trustee for and for which ALPS Advisors, Red Rocks, Wellington Management, Clough Capital, CoreCommodity Management, RiverFront or Kotak provides investment advisory services (currently 45 funds, 0 funds, 0 funds, 3 funds, 0 funds, 1 funds and 0 funds, respectively).

Additional Information About the Trustees’ Qualifications and Experience

The following is a brief discussion of the specific education, experience, qualifications, or skills that led to the conclusion, as of the date of this SAI, that each person identified below should serve as a Trustee for the Trust.

Mary K. Anstine

Ms. Anstine has been an Independent Trustee of the Trust since March 21, 1997. Currently retired, Ms. Anstine has over 30 years of financial services experience. Most recently, she was President and CEO of HealthONE Alliance, Denver, Colorado from 1994 through 2004. From 1964 to 1994, Ms. Anstine held positions leading up to Executive Vice President of First Interstate Bank. She was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on her business and financial services experience.

 

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Jeremy W. Deems

Mr. Deems has been an Independent Trustee of the Trust since March 11, 2008. In 2007, Mr. Deems co-founded Green Alpha Advisors, LLC, a registered investment adviser, for which he currently serves as Co-President and Chief Financial Officer. Prior to co-founding Green Alpha Advisors, Mr. Deems was CFO of Forward Management, LLC, investment advisor to the Forward Funds and Sierra Club Mutual Funds, where he was also co-portfolio manager to the Sierra Club Stock Fund. In addition, he was the CFO of ReFlow Management Co., LLC. Prior to joining Forward and ReFlow, he served as Regional Marketing Assistant within the Investment Consulting Services Group at Morgan Stanley Dean Witter. Mr. Deems received a B.S. and a MBA in finance from Saint Mary’s College of California and is a licensed Certified Public Accountant and a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. He was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on his business, financial services, accounting and investment management experience.

John R. Moran, Jr.

Mr. Moran has been an Independent Trustee of the Trust since March 21, 1997, and lead Independent Trustee since 2010. Mr. Moran is formerly President and CEO of The Colorado Trust, a private foundation serving the health and hospital community in the state of Colorado. An attorney, Mr. Moran was formerly a partner with the firm of Kutak Rock & Campbell in Denver, Colorado and a member of the Colorado House of Representatives. Currently, Mr. Moran is a member of the Treasurer’s Investment Advisory Committee for the University of Colorado. He was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on his business, financial services, and accounting experience.

Jerry G. Rutledge

Mr. Rutledge has been an Independent Trustee of the Trust since August 7, 2009. Mr. Rutledge is the President and owner of Rutledge’s Inc., an upscale men’s clothing store, which he opened in 1967. Mr. Rutledge has over 40 years of business experience. He served on the CU Board of Regents from 1995 to 2007 and currently serves on the Board of American National Bank. Mr. Rutledge is a graduate of the University of Colorado. He was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on his business experience.

Michael “Ross” Shell

Mr. Shell has been an Independent Trustee of the Trust since August 7, 2009. In 2008, Mr. Shell founded Red Idea, LLC, a strategic consulting/early stage venture firm, for which he currently serves as CEO. From 1999 to 2009, he was a part-owner and Director of Tesser, Inc., a brand agency, during which time he also served as Director, Marketing and Investor Relations, of Woodbourne, a REIT/real estate hedge fund and private equity firm. Prior to this, he worked as a business strategy consultant, he was on the Global Client Services team of IDEO, and he

 

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was President of Tesser, Inc. Mr. Shell graduated with honors from Stanford University with a degree in Political Science. He was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on his business, financial services and investment management experience.

Edmund J. Burke

Mr. Burke has been an Interested Trustee of the Trust since August 7, 2009. Mr. Burke joined ALPS Fund Services, Inc., the Fund’s administrator, in 1991 and currently serves as Director. He is also a Director of ALPS Holdings, Inc., ALPS Advisors, Inc., ALPS Distributors, Inc., and ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc., the Fund’s principal underwriter. Mr. Burke has over 20 years of financial services and investment management experience. Before joining ALPS, Mr. Burke was a Regional Vice President for the Pioneer Funds in Boston and has also worked with Fidelity. Mr. Burke has a B.A. in Economics from the University of New Hampshire. He was selected to serve as a Trustee of the Trust based on his business, financial services and investment management experience.

None of the Independent Trustees own securities in the Adviser, any of the Sub-Advisers or Distributor, nor do they own securities in any entity directly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Adviser, any of the Sub-Advisers or Distributor.

Leadership Structure and Oversight Responsibilities

Overall responsibility for oversight of the Fund rests with the Trustees. The Trust has engaged the Adviser to manage the Fund on a day-to day basis. The Board is responsible for overseeing the Adviser and other service providers in the operations of the Fund in accordance with the provisions of the 1940 Act, applicable provisions of state and other laws and the Trust’s charter. The Board is currently composed of six members, five of whom are Independent Trustees. The Board meets at regularly scheduled quarterly meetings each year. In addition, the Board may hold special in-person or telephonic meetings or informal conference calls to discuss specific matters that may arise or require action between regular meetings. As described below, the Board has established a Nominating and Governance Committee and an Audit Committee, and may establish ad hoc committees or working groups from time to time, to assist the Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities. The Independent Trustees have also engaged independent legal counsel to assist them in performing their oversight responsibilities.

The Board has appointed Edmund J. Burke, an Interested Trustee, to serve in the role of Chairman. The Chairman’s role is to preside at all meetings of the Board and to act as a liaison with the Adviser, other service providers, counsel and other Trustees generally between meetings. The Chairman and may also perform such other functions as may be delegated by the Board from time to time. Mr. Moran serves as a lead Independent Trustee. The Board reviews matters related to its leadership structure annually. The Board has determined that the Board’s leadership structure is appropriate given the Trust’s characteristics and circumstances. These characteristics include, but are not limited to, the Trust’s multiple series of fund shares, each fund’s single portfolio of assets, each fund’s net assets, the services provided by the funds’ service providers, the formal and informal functions of the various Independent Trustees both during and between Board meetings, the existence of the Trust for over 15 years and the long board service of some of the Independent Trustees, which in some cases date back to the inception of the Trust.

 

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Risk oversight forms part of the Board’s general oversight of the Fund and is addressed as part of various Board and Committee activities. As part of its regular oversight of the Fund, the Board, directly or through a Committee, interacts with and reviews reports from, among others, Fund management, the Adviser, the Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer, the Fund’s legal counsel and the independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund regarding risks faced by the Fund. The Board, with the assistance of Fund management and the Adviser, reviews investment policies and risks in connection with its review of the Fund’s performance. The Board has appointed a Chief Compliance Officer who oversees the implementation and testing of the Fund’s compliance program and reports to the Board regarding compliance matters for the Fund and its principal service providers. In addition, as part of the Board’s periodic review of the Fund’s advisory, sub-advisory and other service provider agreements, the Board may consider risk management aspects of these service providers’ operations and the functions for which they are responsible.

None of the Independent Trustees own securities in the Adviser or the Distributor, nor do they own securities in any entity directly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Adviser or the Distributor.

Audit Committee. The Board has an Audit Committee which considers such matters pertaining to the Trust’s books of account, financial records, internal accounting controls and changes in accounting principles or practices as the Trustees may from time to time determine. The Audit Committee also considers the engagement and compensation of the independent registered public accounting firm (“Firm”) and ensures receipt from the Firm of a formal written statement delineating relationships between the Firm and the Trust, consistent with Public Company Accounting Oversight Board Rule 3526. The Audit Committee also meets privately with the representatives of the Firm to review the scope and results of audits and other duties as set forth in the Audit Committee’s Charter. The Audit Committee members, each of whom are Independent Trustees are: Ms. Anstine and Messrs. Deems (Chairman), Moran, Rutledge and Shell. The Audit Committee met twice during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2014.

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee meets periodically to advise and assist the Board in selecting nominees to serve as trustees of the Trust. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee believes the Board generally benefits from diversity of background, experience and views among its members, and considers this a factor in evaluating the composition of the Board, but has not adopted any specific policy in this regard. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee also advises and assists the Board in establishing, implementing and executing policies, procedures and practices that assure orderly and effective governance of the Trust and effective and efficient management of all business and financial affairs of the Trust. Members of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee are currently: Ms. Anstine (Chairman) and Messrs. Deems, Moran, Rutledge and Shell. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of the Board met once during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2014.

 

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Shareholder Nominations. The Board will consider shareholder nominees for Trustees. All nominees must possess the appropriate characteristics, skills and experience for serving on the Board. In particular, the Board and its Independent Trustees will consider each nominee’s integrity, educational and professional background, understanding of the Trust’s business on a technical level and commitment to devote the time and attention necessary to fulfill a Trustee’s duties. All shareholders who wish to recommend nominees for consideration as Trustees shall submit the names and qualifications of the candidates to the Secretary of the Trust by writing to: Financial Investors Trust, 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado, 80203.

As of December 31, 2013, the dollar range of equity securities in the Funds beneficially owned by the Interested Trustee were as follows:

 

Interested Trustee   

Dollar Range of

Equity Securities in

the Funds

  

Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity
Securities in All Registered

Investment Companies Overseen by
Trustee in Family of Investment
Companies

Edmund J. Burke

   None    None

As of December 31, 2013, the dollar range of equity securities in the Funds beneficially owned by Independent Trustees were as follows:

 

Independent Trustees   

Dollar Range of

Equity Securities in

the Funds

  

Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity

Securities in All Registered

Investment Companies Overseen by

Trustee in Family of Investment

Companies

Mary K. Anstine

   None    None

Jeremy W. Deems

   None    None

John R. Moran, Jr.

   None    None

Jerry G. Rutledge

   None    None

Michael “Ross” Shell

   None    None

 

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Remuneration of Trustees. 

Effective December 10, 2013, the Independent Trustees receive a quarterly retainer of $7,500, plus $3,000 for each regular Board or Committee meeting attended, $1,000 for each special telephonic Board or Committee meeting attended and $2,000 for each special in-person Board meeting attended. Previously, the Independent Trustees received a quarterly retainer of $6,000, plus $2,000 for each regular Board or Committee meeting attended. The Independent Trustees are also reimbursed for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses relating to attendance at meetings. For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2014, the Independent Trustees received the following compensation:

 

   

Aggregate

Compensation

From the
Trust

   

Pension Or

Retirement

Benefits Accrued

As Part of Fund

Expenses

 

Estimated

Annual

Benefits

Upon

Retirement

 

Aggregate

Compensation

From The Trust

And Fund

Complex Paid To

Trustees*

 

Mary K. Anstine

  $ 39,500      $0   $0   $ 109,500           

Jeremy W. Deems

  $ 39,500      $0   $0   $ 109,500           

John R. Moran, Jr.

  $ 39,500      $0   $0   $ 39,500           

Jerry G. Rutledge

  $ 39,500      $0   $0   $ 99,500           

Michael “Ross” Shell

  $ 39,500      $0   $0   $ 39,500           

* The Fund Complex includes all series of the Trust, currently 32, and any other investment companies for which any Trustee serves as trustee for and for which ALPS Advisors, Red Rocks, Wellington Management, Clough Capital, CoreCommodity Management, RiverFront or Kotak provides investment advisory services, currently 37 funds, 0 funds, 0 funds, 3 funds, 0 funds, 1 funds and 0 funds, respectively.

No officer, trustee or employee of the Adviser or Sub-Adviser or any of its affiliates receives any compensation from the Fund for serving as an officer or trustee of the Fund.

INVESTMENT MANAGERS

ALPS Advisors, Inc. (the “Adviser”), a wholly owned subsidiary of ALPS Holdings, Inc. (“ALPS Holdings”), subject to the authority of the Board, is responsible for the overall management and administration of each Fund’s business affairs. The Adviser commenced business operations in December 2006 upon the acquisition of an existing investment advisory operation and is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an investment adviser. The Adviser’s principal address is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, CO 80203.

Located in Denver, Colorado, ALPS Holdings was founded in 2005 and assumed the business of ALPS Financial Services, which was founded in 1985 as a provider of fund administration and fund distribution services. Since then, ALPS Holdings has added additional services, including fund accounting, transfer agency, shareholder services, active distribution, legal, tax and compliance services. As of June 30, 2014, ALPS Advisors, Inc. manages over $13.04 billion in assets.

 

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ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund

Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”), the Fund pays the Adviser an annual management fee of 0.70% based on the Fund’s average daily net assets. The management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The initial term of the Advisory Agreement is two years. The Board may extend the Advisory Agreement for additional one-year terms. The Board, shareholders of the Fund, or the Adviser may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon sixty (60) calendar days’ notice. A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the Fund’s Advisory Agreement will be provided in the Fund’s annual report to shareholders for the period ending October 31, 2014.

 

The table below shows the management fees for ALPS Advisors for the periods indicated:          
     

For the

Fiscal

Year

Ended

April 30,

2014

  

For the

Period

December

31, 2012

(Inception)

to April 30,
2013

Gross Advisory Fees

   $59,609    $7,698

Waiver of Advisory Fees

   ($59,609)    ($7,698)

Reimbursement of other Expenses

   ($103,380)    ($47,042)

Net Advisory Fees

   $0    $0

As described in the Prospectus under “Fees and Expenses,” the Adviser has contractually agreed to limit certain of the Fund’s expenses to 0.85% of the Fund’s average daily net assets until August 31, 2015. Under the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser shall not be liable for losses or damages incurred by the Fund, unless such losses or damages are attributable to the willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of the Adviser or from reckless disregard by it of its obligations and duties under the Advisory Agreement (“disabling conduct”). In addition, the Fund will indemnify the Adviser and its affiliates and hold each of them harmless against any losses or damages not resulting from disabling conduct.

ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund

The Adviser has delegated daily management of Fund assets to a sub-adviser, Red Rocks Capital LLC (the “Sub-Adviser”), who is paid by the Adviser and not the Fund. The Sub-Adviser is engaged to manage the investments of the Fund in accordance with its investment objective, policies and limitations, and investment guidelines established by the Adviser and the Board. The Sub-Adviser is the creator, manager and owner of the Listed Private Equity Index, International Listed Private Equity Index and Global Listed Private Equity Index has extensive investment experience and developed proprietary research on the universe of listed private equity companies and intends to select Listed Private Equity Companies for the Fund, and their respective weightings within the Fund, based upon a variety of criteria, including: valuation metrics and methodology, financial data, historical performance, management, portfolio

 

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concentration, liquidity, and the need for diversification within the Fund’s portfolio (i.e., stage of investment, type of capitalization instruments held, industry focus and geographic focus). The Sub-Adviser’s principal address is 25188 Genesee Trail Road, Suite 250, Golden, Colorado 80401.

Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”), the Fund pays the Adviser an annual management fee of 0.85% based on the Fund’s average daily net assets. The management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The Adviser pays the Sub-Adviser an annual sub-advisory management fee of 0.57% based on the Fund’s average daily net assets. The sub-advisory management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The Adviser is required to pay all fees due to the Sub-Adviser out of the management fee the Adviser receives from the Fund. The initial term of the Advisory Agreement is two years. The Board may extend the Advisory Agreement for additional one-year terms. The Board, shareholders of the Fund, or the Adviser may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon sixty (60) calendar days’ notice. A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the renewal of the Fund’s Advisory and Sub-Advisory Agreements will be provided in the Fund’s annual report to shareholders for the period ending October 31, 2014.

 

The table below shows the management fees for ALPS Advisors for the periods indicated:               
      For the
Fiscal Year  
Ended April 30,  
2014
  

For the Fiscal  

Year Ended

April 30, 2013  

  

For the Fiscal Year  

Ended April 30,

2012

ALPS | Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund

Gross Advisory Fees

   $2,774,129    $1,573,541    $1,342,368

Waiver of Advisory Fees

   $0    ($34,598)    ($296,866)

Reimbursement of other Expenses

   $245,756    $0    $0

Net Advisory Fees

   $3,019,885    $1,538,943    $1,045,502

 

The table below shows the sub-advisory fees paid to Red Rocks for the periods indicated:               
      For the
Fiscal Year
Ended April 30,  
2014
  

For the Fiscal  

Year Ended
April 30, 2013  

  

For the Fiscal Year  

Ended April 30,

2012

ALPS | Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund

Gross Sub-Advisory Fees

   $1,849,419    $1,049,027    $894,912

Waiver of Sub-Advisory Fees

   $0    ($23,066)    $(197,910)

Recoupment

   $163,836    $432    $2,278

Net Sub-Advisory Fees

   $2,013,255    $1,026,394    $699,280

As described in the Prospectus under “Fees and Expenses,” the Adviser and the Sub-Adviser have contractually agreed to limit certain of the Fund’s expenses to 1.25% of the Fund’s average daily net assets until August 31, 2015. Under the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser shall not be liable for losses or damages incurred by the Fund, unless such losses or damages are

 

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attributable to the willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of the Adviser or from reckless disregard by it of its obligations and duties under the Advisory Agreement (“disabling conduct”). In addition, the Fund will indemnify the Adviser and its affiliates and hold each of them harmless against any losses or damages not resulting from disabling conduct.

ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund

The Adviser has delegated daily management of Fund assets to a sub-adviser, Wellington Management Company, LLP (the “Sub-Adviser” or “Wellington Management”), who is paid by the Adviser and not the Fund. The Sub-Adviser is engaged to manage the investments of the Fund in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective, policies and limitations, and investment guidelines established by the Adviser and the Board. The Sub-Adviser’s principal address is 280 Congress, Boston, Massachusetts 02210.

Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”), the Fund pays the Adviser an annual management fee of 0.95% based on the Fund’s average daily net assets. The management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The Adviser pays the Sub-Adviser an annual sub-advisory management fee of (i) fifty basis points (0.50%) of the Fund’s daily net assets during the month of $0 - $250 million; (ii) forty basis points (0.40%) of the Fund’s daily net assets during the month of between $250 million and $500 million; and (iii) thirty basis points (0.30%) of the Fund’s daily net assets during the month of $500 million and above. The sub-advisory management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The Adviser is required to pay all fees due to the Sub-Adviser out of the management fee the Adviser receives from the Fund. The initial term of the Advisory Agreement is two years. The Board may extend the Advisory Agreement for additional one-year terms. The Board, shareholders of the Fund, or the Adviser may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon sixty (60) days’ notice. A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the Fund’s Advisory and Sub-Advisory Agreements will be provided in the Fund’s annual report to shareholders for the period ended October 31, 2014.

 

The table below shows the management fees for ALPS Advisors for the periods indicated:               
     

For the Fiscal  

Year Ended

April 30,

2014

  

For the Fiscal

Year Ended April 30,  
2013

  

For the Fiscal Year  

Ended April 30,

2012

ALPS | WMC Disciplined Value Fund

Gross Advisory Fees

   $927,411    $749,684    $680,522

Waiver of Advisory Fees

   ($71,828)    ($87,006)    ($127,336)

Reimbursement of other Expenses

   $0    $0    $0

Net Advisory Fees

   $855,583    $662,678    $553,186

 

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The table below shows the sub-advisory fees paid to Wellington Management:               
     

For the

Fiscal

Year

Ended

April 30,    

2014

  

For the

Fiscal

Year

Ended

April 30,  

2013

  

For the

Fiscal

Year

Ended

April 30,  

2012

ALPS | WMC Disciplined Value Fund

Gross Sub-Advisory Fees

   $390,489        $394,571      $358,170  

As described in the Prospectus under “Fees and Expenses of the Fund,” the Adviser has contractually agreed to limit certain of the Fund’s expenses to 1.15% of the Fund’s average daily net assets until August 31, 2015.

Under the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser shall not be liable for losses or damages incurred by the Fund, unless such losses or damages are attributable to the willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of the Adviser or from reckless disregard by it of its obligations and duties under the Advisory Agreement (“disabling conduct”). In addition, the Fund will indemnify the Adviser and its affiliates and hold each of them harmless against any losses or damages not resulting from disabling conduct.

Clough China Fund

The Adviser has delegated daily management of Fund assets to Clough Capital Partners LP (the “Sub-Adviser” or “Clough Capital”), who is paid by the Adviser and not the Fund. The Sub-Adviser is engaged to manage the investments of the Fund in accordance with its investment objective, policies and limitations and investment guidelines established by the Adviser and the Board. Clough Capital is a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisor’s Act of 1940, which provides investment services to investment companies, including three global long / short funds, an Asia only long / short fund (focusing primarily on China) and three global closed-end mutual funds. Clough Capital was founded in 2000 and, as of June 30, 2014, had investment management authority with respect to approximately $4.6 billion in assets under management. The Sub-Adviser’s principal address is One Post Office Square, 40th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02109.

Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”), the Fund pays the Adviser an annual management fee of 1.35% based on the Fund’s average daily net assets. The management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The Adviser pays the Sub-Adviser an annual sub-advisory management fee of 0.90% based on the Fund’s average daily net assets. The sub-advisory management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The Adviser is required to pay all fees due to the Sub-Adviser out of the management fee the Adviser receives from the Fund. The initial term of the Advisory Agreement is two years. The Board may extend the Advisory Agreement for additional one-year terms. The Board, shareholders of the Fund or the Adviser may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon sixty (60) days’ notice. A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the Fund’s Advisory Agreement and Sub-Advisory Agreement will be provided in the Fund’s annual report to shareholders for the period ending October 31, 2014.

 

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As described in the Prospectus under “Fees and Expenses of the Fund,” ALPS Advisors (the “Adviser”) has agreed contractually to limit the operating expenses of the Fund (excluding underlying fund fees and expenses, interest, taxes, brokerage costs and commissions, dividend and interest expense on short sales, litigation, indemnification and extraordinary expenses as determined under generally accepted accounting principles) to an annual rate of 1.70% for Class I shares, 1.95% for Class A shares, and 2.70% for Class C shares through August 31, 2015, the Adviser will reduce the fee payable with respect to the Fund to the extent of such excess and/or shall reimburse the Fund (or class as applicable) by the amount of such excess. The waiver or reimbursement shall be allocated to each class of the Fund in the same manner as the underlying expenses or fees were allocated.

Effective September 1, 2015, the Adviser agrees to limit the operating expenses of the Fund (excluding underlying fund fees and expenses, interest, taxes, brokerage costs and commissions, dividend and interest expense on short sales, litigation, indemnification and extraordinary expenses as determined under generally accepted accounting principles) to an annual rate of 2.75% for Class I shares, 3.00% for Class A shares, and 3.75% for Class C shares through December 31, 2018. The Adviser will consider further reductions to these limits on an annual basis. Without this agreement, expenses would be higher. The Adviser will be permitted to recover, on a class-by-class basis, expenses it has borne through the agreement described above to the extent that the Fund’s expenses in later periods fall below the annual rates set forth in the relevant agreement. The Fund will not be obligated to pay any such deferred fees and expenses more than one year after the end of the fiscal year in which the fee and expenses was deferred. The Adviser may not discontinue this waiver without the approval by the Fund’s Board of Trustees.

 

The table below shows the management fees for ALPS Advisors for the periods indicated:

     

For the

Fiscal Year

Ended April 30,  
2014

  

For the Fiscal

Year Ended April 30,  

2013

  

For the Fiscal Year  

Ended April 30,

2012

Clough China Fund

Gross Advisory Fees

   $1,155,579    $863,550    $1,093,231

Waiver of Advisory Fees

   ($100,176)    ($139,506)    ($118,784)

Reimbursement of other Expenses

   $0    $0    $0

Net Advisory Fees

   $1,055,403    $724,044    $974,447

 

 

The table below shows the sub-advisory fees paid to Clough Capital for the periods indicated:

     

For the Fiscal

Year Ended

April 30, 2014  

  

For the Fiscal  

Year Ended
April 30, 2013  

  

For the Fiscal  

Year Ended

April 30, 2012  

Clough China Fund

Gross Sub-Advisory Fees

 

  

$770,386

 

  

$575,700

 

  

$728,820

 

 

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Under the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser shall not be liable for losses or damages incurred by the Fund, unless such losses or damages are attributable to the willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of the Adviser or from reckless disregard by it of its obligations and duties under the Advisory Agreement (“disabling conduct”). In addition, the Fund will indemnify the Adviser and its affiliates and hold each of them harmless against any losses or damages not resulting from disabling conduct.

ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund

The Adviser has delegated daily management of Fund assets to CoreCommodity Management, LLC (the “Sub-Adviser” or “CoreCommodity Management”), who is paid by the Adviser and not the Fund. The Sub-Adviser is engaged to manage the investments of the Fund in accordance with its investment objective, policies and limitations and investment guidelines established by the Adviser and the Board. The Sub-Adviser is an investment adviser registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 engaged in the business of providing investment management and portfolio management services to investment funds and managed accounts. The Sub-Adviser’s address is 680 Washington Boulevard, 11th Floor, Stamford, Connecticut 06901. “CompleteCommodities” is a registered mark of CoreCommodity Management, LLC.

Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”), the Fund will pay the Adviser an annual management fee of 0.85% based on the Fund’s average daily net assets. The management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The initial term of the Advisory Agreement is two years. The Board, shareholders of the Fund or the Adviser may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon sixty (60) days’ notice.

On September 11, 2013, the ownership of the Sub-Adviser was transferred from Jefferies Group LLC to CoreCommodity Capital LLC, which is controlled by the Sub-Adviser’s senior management (the “Transaction”). Under the Investment Company Act of 1940, consummation of the Transaction resulted in the automatic termination of the then-existing sub-advisory agreement. Accordingly, the Board of Trustees of the Fund approved an interim sub-advisory agreement on September 10, 2013, to be effective September 11, 2013 (the “Interim Agreement”), which allowed the Sub-Adviser to continue to serve as the sub-adviser to the Fund under terms substantially similar to those of the prior sub-advisory agreement. The Interim Agreement was effective until February 7, 2014, or until a new sub-advisory agreement was approved, if sooner. In addition, the Board of Trustees of the Fund unanimously approved a new sub-advisory agreement for the Fund (the “Sub-Advisory Agreement”) and recommended that the Sub-Advisory Agreement be submitted to the Fund’s shareholders for their approval. Shareholders were provided with a proxy statement relating to the solicitation of proxies by the Fund for the approval of the Sub-Advisory Agreement at a meeting of shareholders. After adjournment of the initial shareholder meeting, the Sub-Advisory Agreement was approved by shareholders at a meeting held on January 15, 2014, at which time the Interim Agreement terminated and the Sub-Advisory Agreement became effective.

The Adviser pays the Sub-Adviser an annual sub-advisory management fee pursuant to the Sub-Advisory Agreement as follows: The Adviser will pay the Sub-Adviser an annual management fee of 0.75% based on the Fund’s average daily net assets. The sub-advisory management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The Adviser is required to pay all fees due to the Sub-Adviser out of the management fee the Adviser receives from the Fund.

 

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The Subsidiary has entered into a separate advisory agreement with Adviser (the “Subsidiary Advisory Agreement”), and a separate sub-advisory agreement with the Sub-Adviser, the Fund’s and the Subsidiary’s investment sub-adviser, for the management of the Subsidiary’s portfolio pursuant to which the Subsidiary is obligated to pay the Adviser a management fee at the same rate that the Fund pays the Adviser for services provided to the Fund. The Adviser has agreed to waive the management fee it receives from the Fund in an amount equal to the management fee paid by the Subsidiary. The Sub-Adviser has agreed to waive the sub-advisory fee it receives from the Adviser for services provided to the Fund in an amount equal to the sub-advisory fee it receives from the Adviser for services provided to the Subsidiary. These waivers may not be terminated without the consent of the Board of the Fund.

The initial term of the Sub-Advisory Agreement and the Subsidiary Advisory Agreement is two years and may be reapproved annually thereafter. The Board, shareholders of the Fund, the Adviser or the Sub-Adviser may terminate the Sub-Advisory Agreement and the Subsidiary Advisory Agreement upon sixty (60) days’ notice.

The Sub-Adviser has agreed to waive and/or reimburse fees or expenses in order to limit Total Annual Fund operating expenses after fee waiver/ expense reimbursements (excluding Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees, Shareholder Services Fees, Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, brokerage expenses, interest expenses, taxes, and extraordinary expenses) to 1.05% (for Class A shares), 1.05% (for Class C shares) and 1.15% (for Class I shares) of average daily net assets through September 11, 2015. The Sub-Adviser will be permitted to recover, on a class- by-class basis, expenses it has borne through the agreement described above to the extent that the Fund’s expenses in later periods fall below the annual rates set forth in the relevant agreement. The Fund will not be obligated to pay any such deferred fees and expenses more than three years after the end of the fiscal year in which the fee and expenses was deferred. This waiver may not be discontinued without approval by the Board of the Fund.

A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees’ approval of the Sub-Advisory Agreement was provided in the Fund’s semi-annual report to shareholders for the period ending October 31, 2013, and a discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees’ renewal of the Fund’s Advisory Agreement will be provided in the Fund’s semi-annual report to shareholders for the period ending October 31, 2014.

Under the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser shall not be liable for losses or damages incurred by the Fund, unless such losses or damages are attributable to the willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of the Adviser or from reckless disregard by it of its obligations and duties under the Advisory Agreement (“disabling conduct”). In addition, the Fund will indemnify the Adviser and its affiliates and hold each of them harmless against any losses or damages not resulting from disabling conduct.

Under the terms of the Sub-Advisory Agreement and the Subsidiary Advisory Agreement, the Sub-Adviser shall not be liable for losses or damages incurred by the Fund or the Subsidiary, as applicable, unless such losses or damages are attributable to the willful misfeasance, bad faith or

 

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gross negligence on the part of the Sub-Adviser or from reckless disregard by it of its obligations and duties under the Sub-Advisory Agreement or the Subsidiary Advisory Agreement (“disabling conduct”). In addition, the Fund or the Subsidiary, as applicable, will indemnify the Sub-Adviser and its affiliates and hold each of them harmless against any losses or damages not resulting from disabling conduct.

 

The table below shows the management fees for ALPS Advisors for the period indicated:

     

For the Fiscal

  Year ended April 30,  
2014

 

  

For the Fiscal

  Year ended April 30,  
2013

  

For the Fiscal Year

  ended April 30, 2012  

ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund

    

Gross Advisory Fees

   $2,743,197    $2,166,879    $1,144,258

Waiver of Advisory Fees

   ($94,524)    ($130,091)    ($248,308)

Reimbursement of other Expenses

   $0    $0    $0

Net Advisory Fees

   $2,648,673    $2,036,788    $895,950

 

The table below shows the sub-advisory fees paid to CoreCommodity Management for the periods indicated:

     

For the

Fiscal

Year

ended

April 30,    

2014

  

For the Fiscal Year Ended  

April 30, 2013

  

For the Fiscal Year

Ended April 30, 2012    

ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund

    

Gross Sub-Advisory Fees

   $2,420,468    $1,911,952    $1,009,639.48

Waiver of Sub-Advisory Fees

   ($94,524)    ($130,090)    ($248,307.76)

Net Sub-Advisory Fees

   $2,325,944    $1,781,862    $761,331.72

RiverFront Funds

The Adviser has delegated daily management of Fund assets to RiverFront Investment Group, LLC (the “Sub-Adviser” or “RiverFront”), who is paid by the Adviser and not the Funds. The Sub-Adviser is engaged to manage the investments of each Fund in accordance with its investment objective, policies and limitations and investment guidelines established by the Adviser and the Board. The Sub-Adviser was formed in March 2008 by Peter Quinn and former senior portfolio managers of Wachovia Securities—Michael Jones, Rod Smyth and Doug Sandler. Through a holding company, RiverFront Investment Holdings Group, LLC the firm is majority owned by the founding members (Messrs. Quinn, Jones, Smyth and Sandler) and other officers of the Sub-Adviser and Baird Financial Corporation is a minority investor.

Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”), each Fund pays the Adviser an annual management fee of 0.85% based on the Fund’s average daily net assets. The management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The Adviser pays the Sub-Adviser an annual sub-advisory management fee of 0.60% based on the Fund’s average daily net assets. The management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The Adviser is required to pay all fees due to the Sub-Adviser out of the management fee the Adviser receives from the Fund.

 

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The initial term of the Advisory Agreement is two years. The Board may extend the Advisory Agreement for additional one-year terms. The Board, shareholders of a Fund or the Adviser may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon sixty (60) days’ notice. A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the renewal of the RiverFront Global Growth, RiverFront Global Allocation, RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income, and RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Funds’ Advisory Agreement and Sub-Advisory Agreement will be provided in the Funds’ annual report to shareholders for the period ended October 31, 2014.

 

The table below shows the management fees for ALPS Advisors for the period indicated:

     

For the Fiscal

Year Ended

April 30, 2014    

  

For the Fiscal

Year Ended
April 30, 2013    

 

   For the Fiscal Year
Ended April 30, 2012  

RiverFront Global Growth Fund

              

Gross Advisory Fees

   $539,339    $435,643    $551,901

Waiver of Advisory Fees

   ($161,236)    ($261,018)    ($369,241)

Reimbursement of other Expenses

   $0    $0                     -

Net Advisory Fees

   $378,103    $174,625    $182,660

RiverFront Dynamic Equity Fund

Gross Advisory Fees

   $383,400    $247,219    $207,851

Waiver of Advisory Fees

   ($123,951)    ($108,866)             (100,877)

Reimbursement of other Expenses

   $0    $0                     -

Net Advisory Fees

   $259,449    $138,353    $106,974

RiverFront Global Allocation Fund

              

Gross Advisory Fees

   $247,136    $173,240    $180,057

Waiver of Advisory Fees

   ($103,800)    ($98,108)             ($103,414)

Reimbursement of other Expenses

   $0    $0                     -

Net Advisory Fees

   $143,336    $75,132    $76,643

RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund

Gross Advisory Fees

   $1,039,286    $748,999    $518,611

Waiver of Advisory Fees

   ($204,048)    ($180,370)             (117,686)

Reimbursement of other Expenses

   $0    $0                     -

Net Advisory Fees

   $835,238    $568,629    $400,925
RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund(1)               

Gross Advisory Fees

   $41,738    $10,979    N/A

Waiver of Advisory Fees

   ($41,738)    ($10,979)    N/A

Reimbursement of other Expenses

   ($46,947)    ($55,592)    N/A

Net Advisory Fees

   $0    $0    N/A

(1) The RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund commenced operations September 4, 2012.

 

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The table below shows the sub-advisory

fees paid to RiverFront for the period indicated:

  

  For the Fiscal  
Year Ended

April 30,

2014

  

  For the Fiscal  

Year Ended

April 30,

2013

  

For the Fiscal

  Year Ended April 30,  

2012

                
RiverFront Global Growth Fund    $264,933    $187,178    $229,773.97
RiverFront Global Allocation Fund    $103,446    $57,106    $57,989.40
RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund    $182,733    $100,172    $78,041.02
RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund    $574,504    $393,241    $275,128.48
RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund(1)    $0    $0    N/A

(1) The RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund commenced operations on September 4, 2012.

As described in the prospectus, the Adviser and Sub-Adviser have contractually agreed to limit the amount of total annual expenses of each of the RiverFront Global Growth Fund, RiverFront Global Allocation Fund, the RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund, the Riverfront Moderate Growth & Income Fund and the RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund(exclusive of Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees, Shareholder Services Fees, Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, brokerage expenses, interest expenses, taxes and extraordinary expenses) to 0.90% of the average daily net assets for the Class A, Class C, Class I, Investor Class and Class L shares, as applicable. Each of the Adviser and Sub-Adviser will be permitted to recover, on a class-by-class basis, expenses it has borne through the agreement described above to the extent that the Fund’s expenses in later periods fall below the annual rates set forth in the agreement. The Fund will not be obligated to pay any such deferred fees and expenses more than three years after the end of the fiscal year in which the fee and expense was deferred. This agreement may not be terminated or modified prior August 31, 2015 except with the approval of the Board of Trustees.

Under the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser shall not be liable for losses or damages incurred by the Fund, unless such losses or damages are attributable to the willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of the Adviser or from reckless disregard by it of its obligations and duties under the Advisory Agreement (“disabling conduct”). In addition, each Fund will indemnify the Adviser and its affiliates and hold each of them harmless against any losses or damages not resulting from disabling conduct.

ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund

The Adviser has delegated daily management of Fund assets to Kotak Mahindra (UK) Limited (“Kotak”), who is paid by the Adviser and not the Fund. The Sub-Adviser is engaged to manage the investments of the Fund in accordance with its investment objective, policies and limitations and investment guidelines established by the Adviser and the Board.

Kotak is a company incorporated under the Companies Act of 1985 in the United Kingdom and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”) in the United Kingdom, with a branch in

 

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Dubai that is regulated by the Dubai Financial Services Authority and a branch in Singapore that is regulated by Monetary Authority of Singapore. Kotak is registered with the SEC as a registered investment adviser and also is registered with the Securities Exchange Board of India as a Foreign Institutional Investor. Kotak is part of the Kotak Mahindra Group based in Mumbai, India. Kotak’s principal business address is 8th Floor, Portsoken House, 155-157 Minories, London EC3N 1LS United Kingdom. The Sub-Adviser may render the services contemplated under the sub-advisory agreement from either its London office or its respective branches.

Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”), the Fund will pay the Adviser an annual management fee of 1.25% based on the Fund’s average daily net assets. The management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The Adviser pays the Sub-Adviser an annual sub-advisory management fee pursuant to the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement (the “Sub-Advisory Agreement”) as follows: The Adviser will pay the Sub-Adviser an annual management fee of 1.15% based on the Fund’s average daily net assets on the first $50 million and 1.05% based on the Fund’s average daily net assets over $50 million. The sub-advisory management fee is paid on a monthly basis. The Adviser is required to pay all fees due to the Sub-Adviser out of the management fee the Adviser receives from the Fund. The initial term of the Advisory Agreement is two years. The Board, shareholders of the Fund or the Adviser may terminate the Advisory Agreement upon sixty (60) days’ notice.

The initial term of the Investment Advisory Agreement and the Sub-Advisory is two years and may be reapproved annually thereafter. The Board, shareholders of the Fund, the Adviser or the Sub-Adviser may terminate the Sub-Advisory Agreement upon sixty (60) days’ notice.

A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees’ approval of the renewal of the Fund’s Advisory and Sub-Advisory Agreement will be provided in the Fund’s annual report to shareholders for the period ending October 31, 2014.

As discussed in the Prospectus, the Adviser and the Sub-Adviser has contractually agreed to waive and/or reimburse fees for certain of the Fund’s expenses until August 31, 2015.

 

The table below shows the management fees for ALPS Advisors for the period indicated:

    

For the Fiscal

Year Ended

    April 30, 2014    

 

 

For the Fiscal Year

  Ended April 30, 2013  

 

For the Fiscal Year

  Ended April 30, 2012  

ALPS | Kotak India Growth Fund

   

Gross Advisory Fees

  $87,269   $72,202   $44,843

Waiver of Advisory Fees

  ($87,269)   ($72,202)   ($44,843)

Reimbursement of other Expenses

  ($237,168)   ($274,756)   ($331,392)

Net Advisory Fees

  $0   $0   $0

 

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The table below shows the management fees for ALPS Advisors for the period indicated:

     

For the

Fiscal

Year

Ended

April 30,    
2014

  

For the Fiscal

Year Ended

  April 30, 2013  

  

For the Fiscal

  Year Ended

April 30, 2012

ALPS | Kotak India Growth Fund

    

Gross Sub-Advisory Fees

   $80,288    $66,426    $41,225.93

Waiver of Sub-Advisory Fees

   ($80,288)    ($66,426)    ($41,225.93)

Reimbursement of other Expenses

   ($237,168)    ($275,759)    ($330,388.76)

Net Sub-Advisory Fees

   $0    $0    ($330,388.76)

Under the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser shall not be liable for losses or damages incurred by the Fund, unless such losses or damages are attributable to the willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of the Adviser or from reckless disregard by it of its obligations and duties under the Advisory Agreement (“disabling conduct”). In addition, the Fund will indemnify the Adviser and its affiliates and hold each of them harmless against any losses or damages not resulting from disabling conduct.

Under the terms of the Sub-Advisory Agreement and the Subsidiary Advisory Agreement, the Sub-Adviser shall not be liable for losses or damages incurred by the Fund or the Subsidiary, as applicable, unless such losses or damages are attributable to the willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of the Sub-Adviser or from reckless disregard by it of its obligations and duties under the Sub-Advisory Agreement or the Subsidiary Advisory Agreement (“disabling conduct”). In addition, the Fund or the Subsidiary, as applicable, will indemnify the Sub-Adviser and its affiliates and hold each of them harmless against any losses or damages not resulting from disabling conduct.

DISTRIBUTOR

Shares of each Fund are offered on a continuous basis through ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. (an affiliate of ALPS and the Adviser) (“APSD” or the “Distributor”), located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203, as distributor pursuant to a distribution agreement between the Distributor and the Fund. The Distributor is not obligated to sell any specific amount of Fund shares.

CODE OF ETHICS

The Fund, the Adviser, each Sub-Adviser and the Distributor each have adopted a code of ethics under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act. These codes of ethics permit the personnel of these entities to invest in securities, including securities that the Fund may purchase or hold. The codes of ethics are on public file with, and are available from, the SEC.

ADMINISTRATOR

Each Fund currently employs ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (an affiliate of APSD and the Adviser) (“ALPS” or the “Administrator”), located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203, under an administration agreement to provide certain administrative services to the Funds. Information on the services provided by the Administrator and the fees paid to the Administrator is available in the Prospectus, which is incorporated by reference in this SAI.

 

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The table below shows the administrative fees earned by ALPS for the periods indicated:

 

     

  For the Fiscal  

Year Ended

  April 30, 2014  

  

  For the Fiscal  
Year Ended

  April 30, 2013  

  

  For the Fiscal  

Year Ended

  April 30, 2012  

ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund    $499,363    $334,660    $253,390
ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund    $167,183    $138,163    $173,628

Clough China Fund

 

  

$150,311

 

  

$117,986

 

  

$137,573

 

ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund    $530,922    $430,140    $244,378
RiverFront Global Growth Fund    $73,797    $63,990    $71,034
RiverFront Global Allocation Fund    $34,995    $26,584    $26,872
RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund    $52,970    $36,127    $29,206
RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund    $140,563    $104,343    $68,823
ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund    $141,000    $143,790    $134,553
RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund(1)    $7,108    $2,369    N/A
ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund(2)    $10,014    $1,876    N/A

(1) Fund inception date is September 4, 2012.

(2) Fund inception date is December 31, 2012.

PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

The Board has approved delegating proxy voting discretion to each Sub-Adviser believing that each Sub-Adviser should be responsible for voting because it is a matter relating to the investment decision making process.

 

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Attached as Appendix B are summaries of the guidelines and procedures that each Sub-Adviser uses to determine how to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities, including the procedures that the Sub-Adviser uses when a vote presents a conflict between the interests of Fund shareholders, on the one hand, and those of the Sub-Adviser or any affiliated person of the Fund or the Sub-Adviser, on the other. This summary of the guidelines gives a general indication as to how the Sub-Adviser will vote proxies relating to portfolio securities on each issue listed. However, the guidelines do not address all potential voting issues or the intricacies that may surround individual proxy votes. For that reason, there may be instances in which votes may vary from the guidelines presented. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Sub-Adviser always endeavors to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives. When applicable, information on how a Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent prior 12-month period ended June 30, will be available without charge, (i) upon request, by calling 866.759.5679 and (ii) on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS

A principal shareholder is any person who owns of record or beneficially owns 5% or more of any class of a Fund’s outstanding equity securities. A control person is any person who owns beneficially or through controlled companies more than 25% of the voting securities of a Fund or acknowledges the existence of control.

As of August 1, 2014 the following shareholders owned 5% or more of the outstanding shares of each Fund as listed below:

 

Fund Name             Percentage   

Ownership

Type

(Beneficial
or Record)

ALPS|Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund - Class A     

CHARLES SCHWAB & CO, INC.

SPECIAL CUSTODY ACCT

FBO CUSTOMERS
ATTN MUTUAL FUNDS
101 MONTGOMERY ST
SAN FRANCISCO CA

94104-4151

   81.16%    Record
    

CHARLES SCHWAB & CO, INC.

OMNI ACCOUNT M/F
ATTN: DEPARTMENT MANAGER
1000 HARBOR BLVD 5TH FLOOR
WEEHAWKEN NJ 07086-6761

   7.40%    Record

 

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ALPS|Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund - Class C      MORGAN STANLEY SMITH BARNEY
BETH LEVER & STEVEN LEVER JT TEN
21 WESTGATE RD
MUTTONTOWN NY 11791-4628
   8.34%    Record
     MORGAN STANLEY SMITH BARNEY
MSB FBO PAUL L YDE & SARAH R ELDER JT TEN 6909 FOREST HILL DR
UNIVERSITY PA MD 20782-1410
   5.24%    Record
ALPS|Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund - Class I      CLEARVIEW CORRESPONDENT SERVICES
BB&T SECURITIES, LLC SUB 001 A/C 1123-9095
8006 DISCOVERY DR
RICHMOND VA 23229-8600
   29.43%    Record
     CHARLES SCHWAB & CO, INC.
SPECIAL CUSTODY ACCT FBO CUSTOMERS
ATTN MUTUAL FUNDS
101 MONTGOMERY ST
SAN FRANCISCO CA 94104-4151
   28.94%    Record
     UBS FINANCIAL SERVICES INC
UBS WM USA
000 11011 6100
OMNI ACCOUNT M/F
ATTN: DEPARTMENT MANAGER
1000 HARBOR BLVD 5TH FLOOR
WEEHAWKEN NJ 07086-6761
   5.29%    Record

 

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ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund - Class A      UBS FINANCIAL SERVICES INC
UBS WM USA
000 11011 6100
OMNI ACCOUNT M/F
ATTN: DEPARTMENT MANAGER
1000 HARBOR BLVD 5TH FLOOR
WEEHAWKEN NJ 07086-6761
   54.11%    Record
     CHARLES SCHWAB & CO, INC.
SPECIAL CUSTODY ACCT FBO CUSTOMERS
ATTN MUTUAL FUNDS
101 MONTGOMERY ST
SAN FRANCISCO CA 94104-4151
   16.96%    Record
     TD AMERITRADE
AMERITRADE INC FBO 2011442271
ABIGAIL B BRADNER ROTH IRA
THE ADVISORY TRUST COMPANY OF DE
   10.15%    Record
ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund - Class C      UBS FINANCIAL SERVICES INC
UBS WM USA
000 11011 6100
OMNI ACCOUNT M/F
ATTN: DEPARTMENT MANAGER
1000 HARBOR BLVD 5TH FLOOR
WEEHAWKEN NJ 07086-6761
   42.03%    Record
     MERRILL LYNCH PIERCE FENNER & SMITH
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS CUSTOMERS
4800 DEER LAKE DR E
JACKSONVILLE FL 32246-6484
   28.59%    Record

 

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     PERSHING LLC ANTHONY JOSEPH BARRANCO, JR TR
1 PERSHING PLAZA
AJ BARRANCO JR. TTEE
   6.76%    Record
ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund - Class I      CHARLES SCHWAB & CO, INC.
SPECIAL CUSTODY ACCT FBO CUSTOMERS
ATTN MUTUAL FUNDS
101 MONTGOMERY ST
SAN FRANCISCO CA 94104-4151
   36.56%    Record
     PERSHING LLC IRA FBO CHRISTA C THURMAN
1 PERSHING PLAZA
1562 KIRKWOOD DR
   17.65%    Record
     NATIONAL FINANCIAL SERVICES
ATTN R DAVID SCHELZI
100 GROTON PARKWAY INC
1 ECHO HILLS
ALAN SEIFER
   10.87%    Record
     WELLS FARGO BANK NA FBO
ATRO ENGINEERED SYSTEMS INC CB PLAN
14844700
PO BOX 1533
MINNEAPOLIS MN 55480-1533
   10.68%    Record
     UBS FINANCIAL SERVICES INC
UBS WM USA
000 11011 6100
OMNI ACCOUNT M/F
ATTN: DEPARTMENT MANAGER
1000 HARBOR BLVD 5TH FLOOR
WEEHAWKEN NJ 07086-6761
   10.52%    Record

 

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     MERRILL LYNCH PIERCE FENNER & SMITH
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS CUSTOMERS
4800 DEER LAKE DR E
JACKSONVILLE FL 32246-6484
   5.66%    Record
ALPS|Kotak India Growth Fund - Class A      UBS FINANCIAL SERVICES INC
UBS WM USA
000 11011 6100
OMNI ACCOUNT M/F
ATTN: DEPARTMENT MANAGER
1000 HARBOR BLVD 5TH FLOOR
WEEHAWKEN NJ 07086-6761
   47.03%    Record
         CHARLES SCHWAB & CO, INC.
SPECIAL CUSTODY ACCT FBO CUSTOMERS
ATTN MUTUAL FUNDS
101 MONTGOMERY ST
SAN FRANCISCO CA 94104-4151
   13.00%    Record
     OPPENHEIMER & CO INC CUST FOR
BEISU SECURITIES LTD
**PAS MANAGED ACCOUNT**
   12.09%    Record
     OPPENHEIMER & CO INC. FBO
BARTLETT
GRANDCHILDRENS IRR TR
DTD 11/19/2012
(IAS/UMA)
11 YOUNGS ROAD
PO BOX 489
19 CLEVELAND LN
   7.13%    Record
ALPS|Kotak India Growth Fund - Class C      OPPENHEIMER & CO INC. FBO
AJIT NAIR PAG
418 E 59TH ST, PH-B
NEW YORK NY 10022-2309
   37.34%    Record

 

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     UBS FINANCIAL SERVICES INC
UBS WM USA
000 11011 6100
OMNI ACCOUNT M/F
ATTN: DEPARTMENT MANAGER
1000 HARBOR BLVD 5TH FLOOR
WEEHAWKEN NJ 07086-6761
   21.68%    Record
     NATIONAL FINANCIAL SERVICES
NFS LLC FEBO
DAHYA S PATEL
10810 WESTONHILL DR
1300 CRYSTAL DR APT 1402
   8.47%    Record
     OPPENHEIMER & CO INC CUSTODIAN
FBO ALEXANDRA HEINSEN COMBS IND 401
1000 WILSON PIKE
137 ELEANOR RD
   6.88%    Record
ALPS|Kotak India Growth Fund - Class I      UBS FINANCIAL SERVICES INC
UBS WM USA
000 11011 6100
OMNI ACCOUNT M/F
ATTN: DEPARTMENT MANAGER
1000 HARBOR BLVD 5TH FLOOR
WEEHAWKEN NJ 07086-6761
   46.68%    Record
     KOTAK MAHINDRA INC
50 MAIN ST STE 890
WHITE PLAINS NY 10606-1971
   14.42%    Beneficial
         RAJINDER P SHARMA & SNEH L SHARMA JTWROS
3291 SHADYDALE LN
W BLOOMFIELD MI 48323-1857
   11.94%    Beneficial

 

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         KOTAK MAHINDRA INT’L LIMITED
4TH FL LES CASCADES
EDITH CAVELL ST
PORT-LOUIS MAURITIUS
   9.91%    Beneficial
         COLORADO STATE BANK & TRUST CO CUST
LAXMI V RAO JTWROS
1 DELANCEY CT
PITTSFORD NY 14534-2755
   6.02%    Record
ALPS|Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund - Class A      NATIONAL FINANCIAL SERVICES
ATTN CHAIRMAN
105 WINFIELD TER
/A 11/18/90 FBO NONA HOLMES
   53.96%    Record
         CHARLES SCHWAB & CO, INC.
SPECIAL CUSTODY ACCT FBO CUSTOMERS
ATTN MUTUAL FUNDS
101 MONTGOMERY ST
SAN FRANCISCO CA
94104-4151
   22.74%    Record
         UBS FINANCIAL SERVICES INC
UBS WM USA
000 11011 6100
OMNI ACCOUNT M/F
ATTN: DEPARTMENT MANAGER
1000 HARBOR BLVD 5TH FLOOR
WEEHAWKEN NJ 07086-6761
   5.26%    Record
         TD AMERITRADE TRUST CO 00T8Z
717 17TH ST STE 1700 FL 24
DENVER CO 80202-3331
   5.15%    Record

 

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ALPS|Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund - Class C        UBS FINANCIAL SERVICES INC
UBS WM USA
000 11011 6100
OMNI ACCOUNT M/F
ATTN: DEPARTMENT MANAGER
1000 HARBOR BLVD 5TH FLOOR
WEEHAWKEN NJ 07086-6761
   29.84%    Record
         MERRILL LYNCH PIERCE FENNER & SMITH
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS CUSTOMERS
4800 DEER LAKE DR E
JACKSONVILLE FL 32246-6484
   24.13%    Record
         NATIONAL FINANCIAL SERVICES
NFS LLC FEBO
AMY S CLARENCE
154 AXLEY DR
10230 BRECONSHIRE RD
   6.93%    Record
         STIFEL NICOLAUS & COMPANY
A/C 1016-1127
ABRAHAM J LEVINE ROTH IRA
501 N BROADWAY FL 8
SAINT LOUIS MO 63102-2188
   6.04%    Record
ALPS|Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund - Class I        NATIONAL FINANCIAL SERVICES
ATTN ALFREDA L LAKE GP & RESTATED TR REVOC TR
JAN W REV TR U/A 6/20/00 1/22/12
   48.55%    Record
         MERRILL LYNCH PIERCE FENNER & SMITH
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS CUSTOMERS
4800 DEER LAKE DR E
JACKSONVILLE FL 32246-6484
   13.97%    Record

 

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         CHARLES SCHWAB & CO, INC.
SPECIAL CUSTODY ACCT FBO CUSTOMERS
ATTN MUTUAL FUNDS
101 MONTGOMERY ST
SAN FRANCISCO CA 94104-4151
   13.29%    Record
         UBS FINANCIAL SERVICES INC
UBS WM USA
000 11011 6100
OMNI ACCOUNT M/F
ATTN: DEPARTMENT MANAGER
1000 HARBOR BLVD 5TH FLOOR
WEEHAWKEN NJ 07086-6761
   9.14%    Record
ALPS|Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund - Class R      NFS LLC FEBO
AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER P/ADM
30 W 63RD ST APT 23L
120 HICKORY RIDGE CIR
14194 W 86TH DR
ARVADA CO 80005-5877
   95.24%    Record
ALPS|WMC Disciplined Value Fund - Class A      NAN VANANDEL TRUST
TRST NAN VAN ANDEL
DTD 9/27/96
PO BOX 83
ADA MI 49301-0083
   8.40%    Beneficial
ALPS|WMC Disciplined Value Fund - Class C      RAYMOND JAMES & ASSOC INC CSDN
FBO CAROL S BARLOW IRA
2 E PIPERS GREENST
THE WOODLANDS TX
77382-2811
   65.17%    Record
         RAYMOND JAMES & ASSOC INC CSDN
FBO THOMAS J BARONE IRA
312 HIGHLAND AVE APT B
MANHATTAN BCH CA
90266-6437
   13.89%    Record

 

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         MERRILL LYNCH PIERCE FENNER & SMITH
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS CUSTOMERS
4800 DEER LAKE DR E
JACKSONVILLE FL 32246-6484
   8.42%    Record
         FIRST CLEARING, LLC
A/C 3667-4311
2801 MARKET ST
SAINT LOUIS MO 63103-2523
   5.41%    Record
         MSSB FBO
DAVID MOSS & TRACY A LEHNER JT TEN
1661 CORSICA DRIVE
WELLINGTON FL 33414-1045
   5.10%    Record
ALPS|WMC Disciplined Value Fund - Class I      FIDELITY INVESTMENTS INSTITUTIONAL OPERATIONS CO INC
FBO CERTAIN EMPLOYEE BENEF PLNS
100 MAGELLAN WAY KW1C
COVINGTON KY 41015-1999
   99.94%    Record
Clough China Fund - Class A      MERRILL LYNCH PIERCE FENNER & SMITH
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS CUSTOMERS
4800 DEER LAKE DR E
JACKSONVILLE FL 32246-6484
   21.33%    Record
    

FIRST CLEARING LLC
A/C 1101-5544

2801 MARKET ST
111 BELLFIELD CT

   13.03%    Record
     AMERITRADE INC FBO
1491166391
AGATHA R BENTON
   11.66%    Record
     CHARLES SCHWAB & CO, INC.
SPECIAL CUSTODY ACCT FBO CUSTOMERS
ATTN MUTUAL FUNDS
101 MONTGOMERY ST
SAN FRANCISCO CA 94104-4151
   8.96%    Record

 

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         UBS FINANCIAL SERVICES INC
UBS WM USA
000 11011 6100
OMNI ACCOUNT M/F
ATTN: DEPARTMENT MANAGER
1000 HARBOR BLVD 5TH FLOOR
WEEHAWKEN NJ 07086-6761
   5.68%    Record
         NFS LLC CUST
ADOLPH MUELLER II
10440 N CENTRAL EXPY STE 1295
#2 LEFLORE COUNTY RD 33
   5.38%    Record
Clough China Fund - Class C      MERRILL LYNCH PIERCE FENNER & SMITH
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS CUSTOMERS
4800 DEER LAKE DR E
JACKSONVILLE FL 32246-6484
   40.21%    Record
         UBS FINANCIAL SERVICES INC
UBS WM USA
000 11011 6100
OMNI ACCOUNT M/F
ATTN: DEPARTMENT MANAGER
1000 HARBOR BLVD 5TH FLOOR
WEEHAWKEN NJ 07086-6761
   10.78%    Record
         FIRST CLEARING LLC
A/C 1084-3148
2801 MARKET ST
10 JACKSON CT
   6.77%    Record

 

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Table of Contents
Clough China Fund - Class I        MERRILL LYNCH PIERCE FENNER & SMITH
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS CUSTOMERS
4800 DEER LAKE DR E
JACKSONVILLE FL 32246-6484
   45.48%    Record
         NATIONAL FINANCIAL SERVICES CORP
FOR THE EXCLUSIVE BEN OF OUR CUST
499 WASHINGTON BLVD FL 5
ATTN MUTUAL FUNDS DEPT
JERSEY CITY NJ 07310-2010
   31.17%    Record
         DAVID FRANCIS KERR FINLAY
114 E 90TH ST APT 9B
NEW YORK NY 10128-1557
   11.55%    Beneficial
         UBS FINANCIAL SERVICES INC
UBS WM USA
000 11011 6100
OMNI ACCOUNT M/F
ATTN: DEPARTMENT MANAGER
1000 HARBOR BLVD 5TH FLOOR
WEEHAWKEN NJ 07086-6761
   6.47%    Record
RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund - Class A      RAYMOND JAMES & ASSOC INC
FBO JOEL B ANDERSON & LEONARD ANDERSON JR TTEE
JOEL B ANDERSON TRUST
1744 POSTON DR
PANAMA CITY FL 32404-2774
   33.07%    Record
         ROBERT W BAIRD & CO. INC.
A/C 1415-7980
777 EAST WISCONSIN AVENUE
MILWAUKEE WI 53202-5391
   22.66%    Record

 

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         RAYMOND JAMES & ASSOC INC
FBO CHRISTINE H HECKERMAN
5300 HAMILTON AVE UNIT 1701
CINCINNATI OH 45224-3165
   11.56%    Record
         CHARLES SCHWAB & CO, INC.
SPECIAL CUSTODY ACCT FBO CUSTOMERS
ATTN MUTUAL FUNDS
101 MONTGOMERY ST
SAN FRANCISCO CA
94104-4151
   8.54%    Record
         RAYMOND JAMES & ASSOC INC
FBO SUSAN PICCOLO
11322 LAKEWOOD FIELD CT
TOMBALL TX 77377-8768
   5.25%    Record
RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund - Class C      ROBERT W BAIRD & CO. INC.
A/C 1245-9282
777 EAST WISCONSIN AVENUE
MILWAUKEE WI 53202-5391
   40.79%    Record
         PERSHING LLC
1 PERSHING PLAZA
JERSEY CITY NJ 07303-2052
   5.46%    Record
RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund - Class I      ROBERT W BAIRD & CO. INC.
A/C 1108-2206
777 EAST WISCONSIN AVENUE
MILWAUKEE WI 53202-5391
   35.17%    Record

 

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         PRINCOR FINANCIAL SERVICES CORP
DCGT AS TTEE AND/OR CUST
FBO PLIC VARIOUS RETIREMENT PLANS
FIED PRIN ADVTG OMNIBUS
ATTN NPIO TRADE DESK
711 HIGH STREET
DES MOINES IA 50392-0001
   15.76%    Record
     RAYMOND JAMES & ASSOC INC
FBO HERSCHEL K WHITTLE TTEE
U/A DTD JUL 11 2008
HERSCHEL K WHITTLE REV TRUST
394 TALQUIN AVE
QUINCY FL 32351-0541
   15.32%    Record
     JANNEY MONTGOMERY SCOTT LLC
A/C 7361-2171
ANTOINETTE FRANCALANGIA TR
1717 ARCH STREET
PHILADELPHIA PA 19103-2713
   12.94%    Record
     RAYMOND JAMES & ASSOC INC
FBO JOHN B DAVIS JR
96113 HEATH POINT LN
   6.73%    Record
     ALPS FUND SERVICES
1290 BROADWAY STE 1100
DENVER CO 80203-5603
   5.57%    Beneficial
RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund - Class A      ROBERT W BAIRD & CO. INC.
A/C 1154-3440
777 EAST WISCONSIN AVENUE
MILWAUKEE WI 53202-5391
   25.01%    Record

 

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         MORGAN STANLEY FBO APPALOOSA LIMITED
29 RUE DE LA COULOUVRENIERE
1211 GENEVA 11 SUISSE
   10.22%    Record
RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund - Class C      ROBERT W BAIRD & CO INC
A/C 1019-5040
777 E WISCONSIN AVE
MILWAUKEE WI 53202-5300
   22.38%    Record
         PERSHING LLC
IRA FBO PAUL H DAVIS
1 PERSHING PLAZA
203 N MYRTLE AVE
   5.85%    Record
RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund - Class I      PRINCOR FINANCIAL SERVICES CORP
DCGT AS TTEE AND/OR CUST
FBO PLIC VARIOUS RETIREMENT PLANS
FIED PRIN ADVTG OMNIBUS
ATTN NPIO TRADE DESK
711 HIGH STREET
DES MOINES IA 50392-0001
   23.34%    Record
         CHARLES SCHWAB & CO, INC.
SPECIAL CUSTODY ACCT FBO CUSTOMERS
ATTN MUTUAL FUNDS
101 MONTGOMERY ST
SAN FRANCISCO CA 94104-4151
   17.71%    Record
         ROBERT W BAIRD & CO
ATTN LAURA PIOTROWSKI
A/C 1891-4050
777 EAST WISCONSIN AVENUE
MILWAUKEE WI 53202-5391
   13.91%    Record
         PERSHING LLC
1 PERSHING PLAZA
JERSEY CITY NJ 07303-2052
   5.36%    Record

 

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RiverFront Global Allocation Fund - Class A      ROBERT W BAIRD & CO
A/C 1210-7751
777 EAST WISCONSIN AVENUE
MILWAUKEE WI 53202-5391
   23.89%    Record
         CHARLES SCHWAB & CO, INC.
SPECIAL CUSTODY ACCT FBO CUSTOMERS
ATTN MUTUAL FUNDS
101 MONTGOMERY ST
SAN FRANCISCO CA 94104-4151
   7.23%    Record
         UBS FINANCIAL SERVICES INC
UBS WM USA
000 11011 6100
OMNI ACCOUNT M/F
ATTN: DEPARTMENT MANAGER
1000 HARBOR BLVD 5TH FLOOR
WEEHAWKEN NJ 07086-6761
   6.64%    Record
RiverFront Global Allocation Fund - Class C      ROBERT W BAIRD & CO
ARRASMITH JR JERRY
777 EAST WISCONSIN AVENUE
MILWAUKEE WI 53202-5391
   27.69%    Record
         PERSHING LLC
1 PERSHING PLAZA
JERSEY CITY NJ 07303-2052
   11.30%    Record
RiverFront Global Allocation Fund - Class I      CHARLES SCHWAB & CO, INC.
SPECIAL CUSTODY ACCT FBO CUSTOMERS
ATTN MUTUAL FUNDS
101 MONTGOMERY ST
SAN FRANCISCO CA
94104-4151
   36.08%    Record

 

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ROBERT W BAIRD & CO

ATTN LAURA PIOTROWSKI

A/C 1223-6341

777 EAST WISCONSIN AVENUE

MILWAUKEE WI 53202-5391

   20.57%    Record
        

PRINCOR FINANCIAL SERVICES CORP

DCGT AS TTEE AND/OR CUST

FBO PLIC VARIOUS RETIREMENT PLANS

FIED PRIN ADVTG OMNIBUS

ATTN NPIO TRADE DESK

711 HIGH STREET

DES MOINES IA 50392-0001

   16.90%    Record
RiverFront Global Growth Fund - Class A     

CHARLES SCHWAB & CO, INC.

SPECIAL CUSTODY ACCT FBO CUSTOMERS

ATTN MUTUAL FUNDS

101 MONTGOMERY ST

SAN FRANCISCO CA

94104-4151

   11.03%    Record
        

ROBERT W BAIRD & CO

A/C 1226-9026

777 EAST WISCONSIN AVENUE

MILWAUKEE WI 53202-5391

   5.95%    Record
RiverFront Global Growth Fund - Class C     

ROBERT W BAIRD & CO

A/C 1027-4847

777 EAST WISCONSIN AVENUE

MILWAUKEE WI 53202-5391

   13.62%    Record
    

FIRST CLEARING, LLC

A/C 1102-3927

2801 MARKET STREET

SAINT LOUIS MO 63103-2523

   9.18%    Record

 

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UBS FINANCIAL SERVICES INC

UBS WM USA

000 11011 6100

OMNI ACCOUNT M/F

ATTN: DEPARTMENT MANAGER

1000 HARBOR BLVD 5TH FLOOR

WEEHAWKEN NJ 07086-6761

   7.33%    Record
RiverFront Global Growth Fund - Class I       

CHARLES SCHWAB & CO, INC.

SPECIAL CUSTODY ACCT FBO CUSTOMERS

ATTN MUTUAL FUNDS

101 MONTGOMERY ST

SAN FRANCISCO CA

94104-4151

   29.55%    Record
        

ROBERT W BAIRD & CO

BAIRD RW FND LC MGD

777 EAST WISCONSIN AVENUE

MILWAUKEE WI 53202-5391

   21.75%    Record
RiverFront Global Growth Fund - Investor Class     

MERRILL LYNCH PIERCE FENNER & SMITH

FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS CUSTOMERS

4800 DEER LAKE DR E

JACKSONVILLE FL 32246-6484

   8.53%    Record
RiverFront Global Growth Fund - Class L     

PRINCOR FINANCIAL SERVICES CORP

DCGT AS TTEE AND/OR CUST

FBO PLIC VARIOUS RETIREMENT PLANS

FIED PRIN ADVTG OMNIBUS

ATTN NPIO TRADE DESK

711 HIGH ST

DES MOINES IA 50392-0001

   66.68%    Record

 

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ROBERT W BAIRD & CO

ATTN LAURA PIOTROWSKI

777 EAST WISCONSIN

AVENUE MILWAUKEE WI 53202-5391

   18.22%    Record
RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund - Class A     

ROBERT W BAIRD & CO

BOROFKA FRANCIS TR

777 EAST WISCONSIN AVENUE

MILWAUKEE WI 53202-5391

   13.54%    Record
    

NFS LLC FEBO

AKRAM ELJAMAL CUST /W RAB FAMILY TRST U/A 9/7/05

10128 ASHLEY MANOR LN

14194 W 86TH DR ARVADA CO 80005-5877

   13.49%    Record
RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund - Class C     

ROBERT W BAIRD & CO

DEUTSCH MARGER IRA

777 EAST WISCONSIN AVENUE

MILWAUKEE WI 53202-5391

   42.60%    Record
RiverFront Moderate Growth & Income Fund - Class I     

ROBERT W BAIRD & CO

ATTN LAURA PIOTROWSKI

A/C 1072-3503

777 EAST WISCONSIN AVENUE

MILWAUKEE WI 53202-5391

   13.35%    Record
        

CHARLES SCHWAB & CO, INC.

SPECIAL CUSTODY ACCT FBO CUSTOMERS

ATTN MUTUAL FUNDS

101 MONTGOMERY ST

SAN FRANCISCO CA

94104-4151

   8.32%    Record

 

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PRINCOR FINANCIAL SERVICES CORP

DCGT AS TTEE AND/OR CUST

FBO PLIC VARIOUS RETIREMENT PLANS

FIED PRIN ADVTG OMNIBUS

ATTN NPIO TRADE DESK

711 HIGH STREET

DES MOINES IA 50392-0001

   7.17%    Record

EXPENSES

The Fund’s expenses include taxes, interest, fees and salaries of such Fund Trustees and officers who are not trustees, officers or employees of the Fund’s service contractors, SEC fees, state securities qualification fees, costs of preparing and printing prospectuses for regulatory purposes and for distribution to existing shareholders, advisory and administration fees, charges of the custodian and of the transfer and dividend disbursing agent, certain insurance premiums, outside auditing and legal expenses, costs of shareholder reports and shareholder meetings and any extraordinary expenses. The Fund also pays for brokerage fees and commissions (if any) in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio securities.

PORTFOLIO MANAGERS

The following sections set forth certain additional information with respect to the portfolio managers for the Fund. Unless noted otherwise, all information is provided as of April 30, 2014.

Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Manager

The table below identifies as of April 30, 2014, for the portfolio manager of each Fund, the number of accounts (other than the Funds with respect to which information is provided) for which he has day-to-day management responsibilities and the total assets in such accounts, within each of the following categories: registered investment companies, other pooled investment vehicles, and other accounts.

 

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Portfolio Manager(s)      Registered Investment    
Companies
     Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles*
     Other Accounts
        Number          Total Assets    
(in millions)    
     Number          Total Assets    
(in millions)    
     Number          Total Assets    
(in millions)    
ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund                                          

Michael Akins

(Portfolio Manager)

     21      $95,115.5      0      $0      0      $0
ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund*                                          

Adam Goldman

(Co-Portfolio Manager)

     1      $927      0      $0      0      $0

Mark Sunderhuse

(Co-Portfolio Manager)

     1      $927      0      $0      0      $0
ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund                                          

Mammen Chally

(Portfolio Manager)

     13      $6,907      3      $129.9      2      $288.8
Clough China Fund                                          

Francoise Vappereau

(Co-Portfolio Manager)

     0      $0      0      $0      0      $0

Eric Brock

(Co-Portfolio Manager)

     3      $2,366.6      5      $1,4721.1      4      $499.4
ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund                                          

Robert B. Hyman

(Co-Portfolio Manager)

     1      $1.3      0      $0      0      $0
Satch Chada (Co-Portfolio Manager)      1      $1.3      0      $0      0      $0
RiverFront Funds                                          

Michael Jones, CFA

(Portfolio Manager)

     6      $579.704      0      $0      10,124      $3,919.32

Rod Smyth

(Portfolio Manager)

     5      $304.116      0      $0      10,124      $3,919.32

Doug Sandler, CFA

(Portfolio Manager)

     5      $304.116      0      $0      10,124      $3,919.32

Tim Anderson, CFA

(Portfolio Manager)

     5      $506.493      0      $0      10,124      $3,919.32
Chris Konstantinos (Portfolio Manager)      5      $304.116      0      $0      10,124      $3,919.32
ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund                                          

Nitin Jain

(Portfolio Manager)

     0      $0      0      $0      0      $0

* Red Rocks Capital LLC is the constructor and manager of Listed Private Equity Index

 

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ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund

Portfolio Manager Compensation

The Portfolio Manager who is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund is paid a base salary, plus a discretionary bonus. The bonus is determined by the business unit’s revenue and profitability as well as the individual’s contribution to the business unit. The bonus is discretionary and is not based specifically on portfolio performance.

Conflicts of Interest with Other Accounts. Potential conflicts of interest may arise when the Fund’s portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to one or more other funds or other accounts, as is the case for the portfolio manager listed in the table above.

The Adviser and the Fund have adopted compliance policies and procedures that are designed to address various conflicts of interest that may arise for the Adviser and the individuals that it employs. For example, the Adviser seeks to minimize the effects of competing interests for the time and attention of portfolio managers by assigning portfolio managers to manage funds and accounts that share a similar investment style. The Adviser has also adopted trade allocation procedures that are designed to facilitate the fair allocation of limited investment opportunities among multiple funds and accounts. There is no guarantee, however, that the policies and procedures adopted by the Adviser and the Fund will be able to detect and/or prevent every situation in which an actual or potential conflict may appear.

These potential conflicts include:

Allocation of Limited Time and Attention. A portfolio manager who is responsible for managing multiple funds and/or accounts may devote unequal time and attention to the management of those funds and/or accounts. As a result, the portfolio manager may not be able to formulate as complete a strategy or identify equally attractive investment opportunities for each of those accounts as might be the case if he or she were to devote substantially more attention to the management of a single fund. The effects of this potential conflict may be more pronounced where funds and/or accounts overseen by a particular portfolio manager have different investment strategies.

Allocation of Limited Investment Opportunities. If a portfolio manager identifies a limited investment opportunity that may be suitable for multiple funds and/or accounts, the opportunity may be allocated among these several funds or accounts, which may limit a fund’s ability to take full advantage of the investment opportunity.

Pursuit of Differing Strategies. At times, a portfolio manager may determine that an investment opportunity may be appropriate for only some of the funds and/or accounts for which he or she exercises investment responsibility, or may decide that certain of the funds and/or accounts should take differing positions with respect to a particular security. In these cases, the portfolio manager may place separate transactions for one or more funds or accounts which may affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment or benefit of one or more other funds and/or accounts.

 

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Selection of Brokers/Dealers. Portfolio managers may be able to select or influence the selection of the brokers and dealers that are used to execute securities transactions for the funds and/or account that they supervise. In addition to executing trades, some brokers and dealers provide portfolio managers with brokerage and research services (as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the 1934 Act), which may result in the payment of higher brokerage fees than might have otherwise been available. These services may be more beneficial to certain funds or accounts than to others. Although the payment of brokerage commissions is subject to the requirement that the portfolio manager determine in good faith that the commissions are reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided to the fund, a portfolio manager’s decision as to the selection of brokers and dealers could yield disproportionate costs and benefits among the funds and/or accounts that he or she manages.

Variation in Compensation. A conflict of interest may arise where the financial or other benefits available to the portfolio manager differ among the funds and/or accounts that he or she manages. If the structure of the investment adviser’s management fee and/or the portfolio manager’s compensation differs among funds and/or accounts (such as where certain funds or accounts pay higher management fees or performance-based management fees), the portfolio manager might be motivated to help certain funds and/or accounts over others. The portfolio manager might be motivated to favor funds and/or accounts in which he or she has an interest or in which the investment adviser and/or its affiliates have interests. Similarly, the desire to maintain or raise assets under management or to enhance the portfolio manager’s performance record or to derive other rewards, financial or otherwise, could influence the portfolio manager to lend preferential treatment to those funds and/or accounts that could most significantly benefit the portfolio manager.

Related Business Opportunities. The Adviser or its affiliates may provide more services (such as distribution or recordkeeping) for some types of funds or accounts than for others. In such cases, a portfolio manager may benefit, either directly or indirectly, by devoting disproportionate attention to the management of funds and/or accounts that provide greater overall returns to a Sub-Adviser and its affiliates.

ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund

Compensation. The Sub-Adviser seeks to maintain a compensation program that is competitively positioned to attract and retain high-caliber investment professionals. Portfolio managers receive a fixed base salary, an incentive bonus opportunity, an equity compensation opportunity, and a benefits package. Portfolio manager compensation is reviewed and may be modified each year as appropriate to reflect changes in the market, as well as to adjust the factors used to determine bonuses to promote good sustained fund performance.

The Sub-Adviser may evaluate competitive market compensation by reviewing compensation survey results conducted by an independent third party of investment industry compensation. Each portfolio manager’s compensation consists of the following five elements:

 

   

Base salary. Each portfolio manager is paid a fixed base salary. In setting the base salary, the Sub-Adviser’s intention is to be competitive in light of the particular portfolio manager’s experience and responsibilities.

 

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Annual bonus. Each portfolio manager is eligible to receive an annual cash bonus which has quantitative and non-quantitative components. Generally, 66.6% of the bonus is quantitatively determined, based typically on a four-year rolling average of pre-tax performance of all registered investment company accounts for which a portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities versus the performance of a pre-determined peer group. High fund performance (against applicable peer group) would deliver compensation generally associated with top pay in the industry (determined by reference to the third-party provided compensation survey information) and poor fund performance (versus applicable peer group) could result in no bonus. The amount of fund assets under management typically have an impact on the bonus potential (for example, managing more assets increases the bonus potential); however, this factor typically carries less weight than relative performance. The remaining 33.3% portion of the bonus is discretionary as determined by the Sub-Adviser and takes into account other subjective factors.

Conflicts of Interest with Other Accounts. Potential conflicts of interest may arise when the Fund’s portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to one or more other funds or other accounts, as is the case for certain of the portfolio managers listed in the table above.

The Sub-Adviser and the Fund have adopted compliance policies and procedures that are designed to address various conflicts of interest that may arise for the Sub-Adviser and the individuals that it employs. For example, the Sub-Adviser seeks to minimize the effects of competing interests for the time and attention of portfolio managers by assigning portfolio managers to manage funds and accounts that share a similar investment style. The Sub-Adviser has also adopted trade allocation procedures that are designed to facilitate the fair allocation of limited investment opportunities among multiple funds and accounts. There is no guarantee, however, that the policies and procedures adopted by the Sub-Adviser and the Fund will be able to detect and/or prevent every situation in which an actual or potential conflict may appear.

These potential conflicts include:

Allocation of Limited Time and Attention. A portfolio manager who is responsible for managing multiple funds and/or accounts may devote unequal time and attention to the management of those funds and/or accounts. As a result, the portfolio manager may not be able to formulate as complete a strategy or identify equally attractive investment opportunities for each of those accounts as might be the case if he or she were to devote substantially more attention to the management of a single fund. The effects of this potential conflict may be more pronounced where funds and/or accounts overseen by a particular portfolio manager have different investment strategies.

Allocation of Limited Investment Opportunities. If a portfolio manager identifies a limited investment opportunity that may be suitable for multiple funds and/or accounts, the opportunity may be allocated among these several funds or accounts, which may limit a fund’s ability to take full advantage of the investment opportunity.

 

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Pursuit of Differing Strategies. At times, a portfolio manager may determine that an investment opportunity may be appropriate for only some of the funds and/or accounts for which he or she exercises investment responsibility, or may decide that certain of the funds and/or accounts should take differing positions with respect to a particular security. In these cases, the portfolio manager may place separate transactions for one or more funds or accounts which may affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment or benefit of one or more other funds and/or accounts.

Selection of Brokers/Dealers. Portfolio managers may be able to select or influence the selection of the brokers and dealers that are used to execute securities transactions for the funds and/or account that they supervise. In addition to executing trades, some brokers and dealers provide portfolio managers with brokerage and research services (as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the 1934 Act), which may result in the payment of higher brokerage fees than might have otherwise been available. These services may be more beneficial to certain funds or accounts than to others. Although the payment of brokerage commissions is subject to the requirement that the portfolio manager determine in good faith that the commissions are reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided to the fund, a portfolio manager’s decision as to the selection of brokers and dealers could yield disproportionate costs and benefits among the funds and/or accounts that he or she manages.

Variation in Compensation. A conflict of interest may arise where the financial or other benefits available to the portfolio manager differ among the funds and/or accounts that he or she manages. If the structure of the investment adviser’s management fee and/or the portfolio manager’s compensation differs among funds and/or accounts (such as where certain funds or accounts pay higher management fees or performance-based management fees), the portfolio manager might be motivated to help certain funds and/or accounts over others. The portfolio manager might be motivated to favor funds and/or accounts in which he or she has an interest or in which the investment advisor and/or its affiliates have interests. Similarly, the desire to maintain or raise assets under management or to enhance the portfolio manager’s performance record or to derive other rewards, financial or otherwise, could influence the portfolio manager to lend preferential treatment to those funds and/or accounts that could most significantly benefit the portfolio manager.

Related Business Opportunities. The Sub-Adviser or its affiliates may provide more services (such as distribution or recordkeeping) for some types of funds or accounts than for others. In such cases, a portfolio manager may benefit, either directly or indirectly, by devoting disproportionate attention to the management of funds and/or accounts that provide greater overall returns to the Sub-Adviser and its affiliates.

 

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Index Management. Red Rocks Capital is the owner and manager of the Listed Private Equity Index the International Listed Private Equity Index, and the Global Listed Private Equity Index. These Indexes are managed and re-balanced by a separate division within Red Rocks Capital. Red Rocks Capital has adopted policies and procedures designed to prevent information being shared between the division within Red Rocks Capital that manages these Indexes and the division that actively manages the Listed Private Equity Fund during the quarterly re-balancing process of the Indexes.

The Sub-Adviser and the Funds have adopted compliance policies and procedures that are designed to address various conflicts of interest that may arise for the Sub-Adviser and the individuals that it employs. For example, the Sub-Adviser seeks to minimize the effects of competing interests for the time and attention of portfolio managers by assigning portfolio managers to manage funds and accounts that share a similar investment style. The Sub-Adviser has also adopted trade allocation procedures that are designed to facilitate the fair allocation of limited investment opportunities among multiple funds and accounts. There is no guarantee, however, that the policies and procedures adopted by the Sub-Adviser and the Funds will be able to detect and/or prevent every situation in which an actual or potential conflict may appear.

ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund

Compensation. Wellington Management receives a fee based on the assets under management of the Fund as set forth in the Sub-Advisory Agreement between Wellington Management and ALPS Advisors on behalf of the Fund. Wellington Management pays its investment professionals out of its total revenues, including the advisory fees earned with respect to the Fund. The following information is as of the fiscal year ended April 30, 2013.

Wellington Management’s compensation structure is designed to attract and retain high-caliber investment professionals necessary to deliver high quality investment management services to its clients. Wellington Management’s compensation of the Portfolio Manager listed in the prospectus who is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund includes a base salary and incentive components. The base salary for the Portfolio Manager is determined by the Portfolio Manager’s experience and performance in his role as a Portfolio Manager. Base salaries for Wellington Management’s employees are reviewed annually and may be adjusted based on the recommendation of the Portfolio Manager’s manager, using guidelines established by Wellington Management’s Compensation Committee, which has final oversight responsibility for base salaries of employees of the firm. The Portfolio Manager is eligible to receive an incentive payment based on the revenues earned by Wellington Management from the Fund and generally each other account managed by the Portfolio Manager. The Portfolio Manager’s incentive payment relating to the Fund is linked to the gross pre-tax performance of the Fund compared to the Russell 1000 Value Index over one and three year periods, with an emphasis on three year results. In 2012, Wellington Management began placing increased emphasis on long-term performance and is phasing in a five-year performance comparison period. Wellington Management applies similar incentive compensation structures (although the benchmarks or peer groups, time periods and rates may differ) to other accounts managed by the Portfolio Manager, including accounts with performance fees.

 

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Portfolio-based incentives across all accounts managed by an investment professional can, and typically do, represent a significant portion of an investment professional’s overall compensation; incentive compensation varies significantly by individual and can vary significantly from year to year. The Portfolio Manager may also be eligible for bonus payments based on his overall contribution to Wellington Management’s business operations. Senior management at Wellington Management may reward individuals as it deems appropriate based on other factors.

Conflicts of Interest with Other Accounts. Individual investment professionals at Wellington Management manage multiple accounts for multiple clients. These accounts may include mutual funds, separate accounts (assets managed on behalf of institutions, such as pension funds, insurance companies, foundations, or separately managed account programs sponsored by financial intermediaries), bank common trust accounts, and hedge funds. The Fund’s manager listed in the prospectus who is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund (“Portfolio Manager”) generally manages accounts in several different investment styles. These accounts may have investment objectives, strategies, time horizons, tax considerations and risk profiles that differ from those of the Fund. The Portfolio Manager makes investment decisions for each account, including the Fund, based on the investment objectives, policies, practices, benchmarks, cash flows, tax and other relevant investment considerations applicable to that account. Consequently, the Portfolio Manager may purchase or sell securities, including IPOs, for one account and not another account, and the performance of securities purchased for one account may vary from the performance of securities purchased for other accounts. Alternatively, these accounts may be managed in a similar fashion to the Fund and thus the accounts may have similar, and in some cases nearly identical, objectives, strategies and/or holdings to those of the Fund. The Portfolio Manager or other investment professionals at Wellington Management may place transactions on behalf of other accounts that are directly or indirectly contrary to investment decisions made on behalf of the Fund, or make investment decisions that are similar to those made for the Fund, both of which have the potential to adversely impact the Fund depending on market conditions. For example, an investment professional may purchase a security in one account while appropriately selling that same security in another account. Similarly, the Portfolio Manager may purchase the same security for the Fund and one or more other accounts at or about the same time. In those instances the other accounts will have access to their respective holdings prior to the public disclosure of the Fund’s holdings. In addition, some of these accounts have fee structures, including performance fees, which are or have the potential to be higher, in some cases significantly higher, than the fees Wellington Management receives for managing the Fund. Because incentive payments paid by Wellington Management to the Portfolio Manager are tied to revenues earned by Wellington Management and, where noted, to the performance achieved by the manager in each account, the incentives associated with any given account may be significantly higher or lower than those associated with other accounts managed by the Portfolio Manager. Finally, the Portfolio Manager may hold shares or investments in the other pooled investment vehicles and/or other accounts identified above.

Wellington Management’s goal is to meet its fiduciary obligation to treat all clients fairly and provide high quality investment services to all of its clients. Wellington Management has adopted and implemented policies and procedures, including brokerage and trade allocation policies and procedures, which it believes address the conflicts associated with managing

 

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multiple accounts for multiple clients. In addition, Wellington Management monitors a variety of areas, including compliance with primary account guidelines, the allocation of IPOs, and compliance with the firm’s Code of Ethics, and places additional investment restrictions on investment professionals who manage hedge funds and certain other accounts. Furthermore, senior investment and business personnel at Wellington Management periodically review the performance of Wellington Management’s investment professionals. Although Wellington Management does not track the time an investment professional spends on a single account, Wellington Management does periodically assess whether an investment professional has adequate time and resources to effectively manage the investment professional’s various client mandates.

Clough China Fund

Compensation. Portfolio manager compensation consists of a fixed salary, an employee benefits package, and a bonus. The salary is designed to be competitive with asset managers of similar size and investment focus. The portfolio manager’s bonus, which can be a significant portion of overall compensation, is determined annually by Clough Capital’s partners and is based partially on individual performance and partially on firm profitability.

Conflicts of Interest with Other Accounts. Potential conflicts of interest may arise when the Fund’s portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to one or more other funds or other accounts, as is the case for certain of the portfolio managers listed in the table above.

The Sub-Adviser and the Fund have adopted compliance policies and procedures that are designed to address various conflicts of interest that may arise for the Sub-Adviser and the individuals that it employs. For example, the Sub-Adviser seeks to minimize the effects of competing interests for the time and attention of portfolio managers by assigning portfolio managers to manage funds and accounts that share a similar investment style. The Sub-Adviser has also adopted trade allocation procedures that are designed to facilitate the fair allocation of limited investment opportunities among multiple funds and accounts. There is no guarantee, however, that the policies and procedures adopted by the Sub-Adviser and the Fund will be able to detect and/or prevent every situation in which an actual or potential conflict may appear.

These potential conflicts include:

Allocation of Limited Time and Attention. A portfolio manager who is responsible for managing multiple funds and/or accounts may devote unequal time and attention to the management of those funds and/or accounts. As a result, the portfolio manager may not be able to formulate as complete a strategy or identify equally attractive investment opportunities for each of those accounts as might be the case if he or she were to devote substantially more attention to the management of a single fund. The effects of this potential conflict may be more pronounced where funds and/or accounts overseen by a particular portfolio manager have different investment strategies.

Allocation of Limited Investment Opportunities. If a portfolio manager identifies a limited investment opportunity that may be suitable for multiple funds and/or accounts, the opportunity may be allocated among these several funds or accounts, which may limit a fund’s ability to take full advantage of the investment opportunity.

 

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Pursuit of Differing Strategies. At times, a portfolio manager may determine that an investment opportunity may be appropriate for only some of the funds and/or accounts for which he or she exercises investment responsibility, or may decide that certain of the funds and/or accounts should take differing positions with respect to a particular security. In these cases, the portfolio manager may place separate transactions for one or more funds or accounts which may affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment or benefit of one or more other funds and/or accounts.

Selection of Brokers/Dealers. Portfolio managers may be able to select or influence the selection of the brokers and dealers that are used to execute securities transactions for the funds and/or account that they supervise. In addition to executing trades, some brokers and dealers provide portfolio managers with brokerage and research services (as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the 1934 Act), which may result in the payment of higher brokerage fees than might have otherwise been available. These services may be more beneficial to certain funds or accounts than to others. Although the payment of brokerage commissions is subject to the requirement that the portfolio manager determine in good faith that the commissions are reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided to the fund, a portfolio manager’s decision as to the selection of brokers and dealers could yield disproportionate costs and benefits among the funds and/or accounts that he or she manages.

Variation in Compensation. A conflict of interest may arise where the financial or other benefits available to the portfolio manager differ among the funds and/or accounts that he or she manages. If the structure of the investment adviser’s management fee and/or the portfolio manager’s compensation differs among funds and/or accounts (such as where certain funds or accounts pay higher management fees or performance-based management fees), the portfolio manager might be motivated to help certain funds and/or accounts over others. The portfolio manager might be motivated to favor funds and/or accounts in which he or she has an interest or in which the investment adviser and/or its affiliates have interests. Similarly, the desire to maintain or raise assets under management or to enhance the portfolio manager’s performance record or to derive other rewards, financial or otherwise, could influence the portfolio manager to lend preferential treatment to those funds and/or accounts that could most significantly benefit the portfolio manager. Related Business Opportunities. The Sub-Adviser or its affiliates may provide more services (such as distribution or recordkeeping) for some types of funds or accounts than for others. In such cases, a portfolio manager may benefit, either directly or indirectly, by devoting disproportionate attention to the management of funds and/or accounts that provide greater overall returns to the Sub-Adviser and its affiliates.

The Sub-Adviser and the Funds have adopted compliance policies and procedures that are designed to address various conflicts of interest that may arise for the Sub-Adviser and the individuals that it employs. For example, the Sub-Adviser seeks to minimize the effects of competing interests for the time and attention of portfolio managers by assigning portfolio managers to manage funds and accounts that share a similar investment style. The Sub-Adviser has also adopted trade allocation procedures that are designed to facilitate the fair allocation of

 

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limited investment opportunities among multiple funds and accounts. There is no guarantee, however, that the policies and procedures adopted by the Sub-Adviser and the Funds will be able to detect and/or prevent every situation in which an actual or potential conflict may appear.

ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund

The portfolio manager is compensated by the Sub-Adviser, not by the Fund. The Sub-Adviser compensates its professional level employees, including its portfolio managers, in a manner that is designed to pay competitive compensation and reward performance, integrity and teamwork. The compensation of portfolio managers consists of a base salary and a bonus. Employees also are eligible for certain other compensation and benefits programs, such as a 401(k) plan.

Salary and Bonus. Base salaries are determined by considering an individual portfolio manager’s experience and expertise and may be reviewed for adjustment annually. Portfolio managers are eligible to receive bonuses, which may be significantly more than their base salary, upon attaining certain performance objectives based on measures of individual, group or department success. A portion of the bonus may be tied to the value of the assets in the Fund. These goals are specific to individual portfolio managers. Achievement of these goals is an important, but not exclusive, element of the bonus decision process, and, absent a contractual agreement, bonuses are determined at the discretion of the Sub-Adviser.

Certain portfolio managers may also have employment contracts, which may guarantee severance payments in the event of involuntary termination.

Conflicts of Interest with Other Accounts. From time to time, potential conflicts of interest may arise between a portfolio manager’s management of the investments of the Fund, on the one hand, and the management of other accounts, on the other. The other accounts might have similar investment objectives or strategies as the Fund, track the same index the Fund tracks or otherwise hold, purchase, or sell securities that are eligible to be held, purchased or sold by the Fund. The other accounts might also have different investment objectives or strategies than the Fund.

Knowledge and Timing of Fund Trades. A potential conflict of interest may arise as a result of the portfolio managers’ day-to-day management of the Fund. Because of their position with the Fund, the portfolio managers know the size, timing and possible market impact of the Fund’s trades. It is theoretically possible that the portfolio managers could use this information to the advantage of other accounts they manage and to the possible detriment of the Fund.

Investment Opportunities. A potential conflict of interest may arise as a result of the portfolio manager’s management of a number of accounts with varying investment guidelines. Often, an investment opportunity may be suitable for both the Fund and other accounts managed by the portfolio manager, but may not be available in sufficient quantities for both the Fund and the other accounts to participate fully. Similarly, there may be limited opportunity to sell an investment held by a Fund and another account. The Sub-Adviser has adopted policies and procedures reasonably designed to allocate investment opportunities on a fair and equitable basis over time. Under the Sub-Adviser’s allocation procedures, investment opportunities are allocated among various investment strategies based on individual account investment guidelines and the Sub-Adviser’s investment outlook.

 

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Performance Fees. A portfolio manager may advise certain accounts with respect to which the advisory fee is based entirely or partially on performance. Performance fee arrangements may create a conflict of interest for the portfolio manager in that the portfolio manager may have an incentive to allocate the investment opportunities that he or she believes might be the most profitable to such other accounts instead of allocating them to the Fund. The Sub-Adviser has adopted policies and procedures reasonably designed to allocate investment opportunities between the Fund and such other accounts on a fair and equitable basis over time.

Selection of Brokers/Dealers. Portfolio managers may be able to select or influence the selection of the brokers and dealers that are used to execute securities transactions for the funds and/or account that they supervise. In addition to executing trades, some brokers and dealers provide portfolio managers with brokerage and research services (as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the 1934 Act), which may result in the payment of higher brokerage fees than might have otherwise been available. These services may be more beneficial to certain funds or accounts than to others. Although the payment of brokerage commissions is subject to the requirement that the portfolio manager determine in good faith that the commissions are reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided to the fund, a portfolio manager’s decision as to the selection of brokers and dealers could yield disproportionate costs and benefits among the funds and/or accounts that he or she manages.

Related Business Opportunities. The Adviser or its affiliates may provide more services (such as distribution or recordkeeping) for some types of funds or accounts than for others. In such cases, a portfolio manager may benefit, either directly or indirectly, by devoting disproportionate attention to the management of funds and/or accounts that provide greater overall returns to the Adviser and its affiliates.

RiverFront Funds

The Sub-Adviser compensates portfolio managers with a base salary and an annual bonus. A portfolio manager’s base salary is generally a fixed amount based on level of experience and responsibilities. A portfolio manager’s bonus is a function of the Sub-Adviser’s overall financial performance, the relative and absolute performance of the accounts that the portfolio manager is managing, including the Funds, and the portfolio manager’s individual investment and other job-related performance.

Specifically, the Sub-Adviser accrues a corporate bonus pool that is indexed to the overall profitability of the firm. Each portfolio manager is given a “target bonus” based on achieving the profitability targets. This target bonus is then indexed again (higher or lower) based on each portfolio manager’s individual performance.

 

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U.S. equity portfolio managers are judged against the performance of the U.S. equity component of the portfolios’ relative performance verses various U.S. equity benchmarks (including the S&P 500, the S&P 1000 and a custom dividend stock benchmark) on a one- and three-year trailing return. Outperforming the benchmarks by more than 100 basis points is considered above-average performance; performing in line with the benchmark +/- 50 basis points is considered average performance; and underperforming by 100 basis points or more is considered poor performance.

International portfolio managers are judged against the performance of the international component of the portfolios’ relative performance verses a blended benchmark of international markets, including developed and emerging markets, on a one- and three-year trailing return. Outperforming the benchmark by more than 100 basis points is considered above average performance; performing in line with the benchmark +/- 50 basis points is considered average performance; and underperforming by 100 basis points or more is considered poor performance.

Fixed-income portfolio managers are judged based on the performance of the fixed-income component of the portfolio relative to the fixed-income benchmark, which is a custom combination that reflects the strategic allocation of the portfolio and typically includes a weighted combination of the Barclay’s Aggregate (or a subset of the Aggregate that matches the credit and duration strategy being pursued) and the Merrill Lynch High Yield Index on a one- and three-year trailing return. Outperforming the benchmark by more than 100 basis points is considered above-average performance; performing in line with the benchmark +/- 50 basis points is considered average performance; and underperforming by 100 basis points or more is considered poor performance.

Portfolio managers may also own and may be offered an opportunity to purchase or sell interests in the Sub-Adviser or its holding company.

Conflicts of Interest with Other Accounts. Potential conflicts of interest may arise when a Fund’s portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to one or more other funds or other accounts, as is the case for the portfolio managers listed in the table above.

The Sub-Adviser and the Fund have adopted compliance policies and procedures that are designed to address various conflicts of interest that may arise for the Sub-Adviser and the individuals that it employs. For example, the Sub-Adviser seeks to minimize the effects of competing interests for the time and attention of portfolio managers by assigning portfolio managers to manage funds and accounts that share a similar investment style. The Sub-Adviser has also adopted trade allocation procedures that are designed to facilitate the fair allocation of limited investment opportunities among multiple funds and accounts. There is no guarantee, however, that the policies and procedures adopted by the Sub-Adviser and the Funds will be able to detect and/or prevent every situation in which an actual or potential conflict may appear.

These potential conflicts include:

Allocation of Limited Time and Attention. A portfolio manager who is responsible for managing multiple funds and/or accounts may devote unequal time and attention to the management of

 

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those funds and/or accounts. As a result, the portfolio manager may not be able to formulate as complete a strategy or identify equally attractive investment opportunities for each of those accounts as might be the case if he or she were to devote substantially more attention to the management of a single fund. The effects of this potential conflict may be more pronounced where funds and/or accounts overseen by a particular portfolio manager have different investment strategies.

Allocation of Limited Investment Opportunities. If a portfolio manager identifies a limited investment opportunity that may be suitable for multiple funds and/or accounts, the opportunity may be allocated among these several funds or accounts, which may limit a fund’s ability to take full advantage of the investment opportunity.

Pursuit of Differing Strategies. At times, a portfolio manager may determine that an investment opportunity may be appropriate for only some of the funds and/or accounts for which he or she exercises investment responsibility, or may decide that certain of the funds and/or accounts should take differing positions with respect to a particular security. In these cases, the portfolio manager may place separate transactions for one or more funds or accounts which may affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment or benefit of one or more other funds and/or accounts.

Selection of Brokers/Dealers. Portfolio managers may be able to select or influence the selection of the brokers and dealers that are used to execute securities transactions for the funds and/or account that they supervise. In addition to executing trades, some brokers and dealers provide portfolio managers with brokerage and research services (as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the 1934 Act), which may result in the payment of higher brokerage fees than might have otherwise been available. These services may be more beneficial to certain funds or accounts than to others. Although the payment of brokerage commissions is subject to the requirement that the portfolio manager determine in good faith that the commissions are reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided to the fund, a portfolio manager’s decision as to the selection of brokers and dealers could yield disproportionate costs and benefits among the funds and/or accounts that he or she manages.

Variation in Compensation. A conflict of interest may arise where the financial or other benefits available to the portfolio manager differ among the funds and/or accounts that he or she manages. If the structure of the investment adviser’s management fee and/or the portfolio manager’s compensation differs among funds and/or accounts (such as where certain funds or accounts pay higher management fees or performance-based management fees), the portfolio manager might be motivated to help certain funds and/or accounts over others. The portfolio manager might be motivated to favor funds and/or accounts in which he or she has an interest or in which the investment adviser and/or its affiliates have interests. Similarly, the desire to maintain or raise assets under management or to enhance the portfolio manager’s performance record or to derive other rewards, financial or otherwise, could influence the portfolio manager to lend preferential treatment to those funds and/or accounts that could most significantly benefit the portfolio manager.

 

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Related Business Opportunities. The Sub-Adviser or its affiliates may provide more services (such as distribution or recordkeeping) for some types of funds or accounts than for others. In such cases, a portfolio manager may benefit, either directly or indirectly, by devoting disproportionate attention to the management of funds and/or accounts that provide greater overall returns to the Sub-Adviser and its affiliates.

The Sub-Adviser and the Funds have adopted compliance policies and procedures that are designed to address various conflicts of interest that may arise for the Sub-Adviser and the individuals that it employs. For example, the Sub-Adviser seeks to minimize the effects of competing interests for the time and attention of portfolio managers by assigning portfolio managers to manage funds and accounts that share a similar investment style. The Sub-Adviser has also adopted trade allocation procedures that are designed to facilitate the fair allocation of limited investment opportunities among multiple funds and accounts. There is no guarantee, however, that the policies and procedures adopted by the Sub-Adviser and the Funds will be able to detect and/or prevent every situation in which an actual or potential conflict may appear.

ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund

The portfolio managers are compensated by the Sub-Adviser and not the Fund. The Sub-Adviser seeks to maintain a compensation program that is competitively positioned to attract and retain high-caliber investment professionals. Portfolio managers receive a fixed base salary, an incentive bonus opportunity, an equity compensation opportunity and a benefits package. Portfolio manager compensation is reviewed and may be modified each year as appropriate to reflect changes in the market, as well as to adjust the factors used to determine bonuses to promote good sustained fund performance.

The Sub-Adviser may evaluate competitive market compensation by reviewing compensation survey results conducted by an independent third party of investment industry compensation. Each portfolio manager’s compensation consists of the following three elements:

 

   

Base salary. Each portfolio manager is paid a fixed base salary. In setting the base salary, the Sub-Adviser’s intention is to be competitive in light of the particular portfolio manager’s experience and responsibilities.

 

   

Annual bonus. Each portfolio manager is evaluated every quarter on basis of pre-tax performance of all the funds for which a portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities as compared to its respective benchmark of the individual funds over rolling one period. The performance of the portfolio managers are also measured against its peers within the space of the fund strategy. The bonus compensation for each portfolio manager shall be based on his performance and overall profits of the Sub-Adviser. Further, the directors of the Sub-Adviser have discretion to reduce or increase the compensation payable to portfolio managers depending on qualitative assessment at the year end.

 

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Stock options. In addition, one or more portfolio manager may also be paid compensation in the form of options on the stock of Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited, which is the parent entity of the Sub-Adviser.

Conflicts of Interest with Other Accounts. Potential conflicts of interest may arise when the Fund’s portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to one or more other funds or other accounts, as is the case for certain of the portfolio managers listed in the table above.

Kotak and the Fund have adopted compliance policies and procedures that are designed to address various conflicts of interest that may arise for Kotak and the individuals that it employs. For example, Kotak seeks to minimize the effects of competing interests for the time and attention of portfolio managers by assigning portfolio managers to manage funds and accounts that share a similar investment style. Kotak has also adopted trade allocation procedures that are designed to facilitate the fair allocation of limited investment opportunities among multiple funds and accounts. There is no guarantee, however, that the policies and procedures adopted by Kotak and the Fund will be able to detect and/or prevent every situation in which an actual or potential conflict may appear.

These potential conflicts include:

Allocation of Limited Time and Attention. A portfolio manager who is responsible for managing multiple funds and/or accounts may devote unequal time and attention to the management of those funds and/or accounts. As a result, the portfolio manager may not be able to formulate as complete a strategy or identify equally attractive investment opportunities for each of those accounts as might be the case if he or she were to devote substantially more attention to the management of a single fund. The effects of this potential conflict may be more pronounced where funds and/or accounts overseen by a particular portfolio manager have different investment strategies.

Allocation of Limited Investment Opportunities. If a portfolio manager identifies a limited investment opportunity that may be suitable for multiple funds and/or accounts, the opportunity may be allocated among these several funds or accounts, which may limit a fund’s ability to take full advantage of the investment opportunity.

Pursuit of Differing Strategies. At times, a portfolio manager may determine that an investment opportunity may be appropriate for only some of the funds and/or accounts for which he or she exercises investment responsibility, or may decide that certain of the funds and/or accounts should take differing positions with respect to a particular security. In these cases, the portfolio manager may place separate transactions for one or more funds or accounts which may affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment or benefit of one or more other funds and/or accounts.

Selection of Brokers/Dealers. Portfolio managers may be able to select or influence the selection of the brokers and dealers that are used to execute securities transactions for the funds and/or account that they supervise. In addition to executing trades, some brokers and dealers provide

 

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portfolio managers with brokerage and research services (as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), which may result in the payment of higher brokerage fees than might have otherwise been available. These services may be more beneficial to certain funds or accounts than to others. Although the payment of brokerage commissions is subject to the requirement that the portfolio manager determine in good faith that the commissions are reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided to the fund, a portfolio manager’s decision as to the selection of brokers and dealers could yield disproportionate costs and benefits among the funds and/or accounts that he or she manages.

Variation in Compensation. A conflict of interest may arise where the financial or other benefits available to the portfolio manager differ among the funds and/or accounts that he or she manages. If the structure of the investment adviser’s management fee and/or the portfolio manager’s compensation differs among funds and/or accounts (such as where certain funds or accounts pay higher management fees or performance-based management fees), the portfolio manager might be motivated to help certain funds and/or accounts over others. The portfolio manager might be motivated to favor funds and/or accounts in which he or she has an interest or in which the investment advisor and/or its affiliates have interests. Similarly, the desire to maintain or raise assets under management or to enhance the portfolio manager’s performance record or to derive other rewards, financial or otherwise, could influence the portfolio manager to lend preferential treatment to those funds and/or accounts that could most significantly benefit the portfolio manager.

Related Business Opportunities. Kotak or its affiliates may provide more services (such as distribution or recordkeeping) for some types of funds or accounts than for others. In such cases, a portfolio manager may benefit, either directly or indirectly, by devoting disproportionate attention to the management of funds and/or accounts that provide greater overall returns to Kotak and its affiliates.

Kotak and the Fund have adopted compliance policies and procedures that are designed to address various conflicts of interest that may arise for Kotak and the individuals that it employs. For example, Kotak seeks to minimize the effects of competing interests for the time and attention of portfolio managers by assigning portfolio managers to manage funds and accounts that share a similar investment style. Kotak has also adopted trade allocation procedures that are designed to facilitate the fair allocation of limited investment opportunities among multiple funds and accounts. There is no guarantee, however, that the policies and procedures adopted by Kotak and the Fund will be able to detect and/or prevent every situation in which an actual or potential conflict may appear.

Ownership of Securities

The table below identifies ownership of Fund securities by each Portfolio Manager as of April 30, 201.

 

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Portfolio Manager(s)    Dollar Range of Ownership of Securities

ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund

    
Michael Akins    $0
ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund     
Adam Goldman    $0
Mark Sunderhuse    $0
ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund     
Mammen Chally    $0
Clough China Fund     
Francoise Vappereau    $0
Erick Brock     
ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund     
Robert Hyman    $10,001-$50,000
Satch Chada    $50,001-$100,000
RiverFront Funds     
Michael Jones, CFA    $100,001 -$500,000
Rod Smyth    $100,001 -$500,000
Doug Sandler, CFA    $100,001 -$500,000
Tim Anderson, CFA    0
Chris Konstantinos    $100,001 -$500,000
ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund     
Nitin Jain    $0

NET ASSET VALUE

The following is a description of the procedures used by the Fund in valuing its assets. Because of the differences in service and distribution fees and class-specific expenses, the per share net asset value of each class may differ. For the purpose of pricing purchase and redemption orders, the net asset value per share of each class of the Fund is calculated separately and is determined once daily as of the close of regularly scheduled trading on the NYSE (normally, 4:00 p.m. Eastern time). The Fund’s net asset value is calculated on each day that the NYSE is open for trading, i.e., Monday through Friday, except for New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day, and the preceding Friday or subsequent Monday when one of those holidays falls on a Saturday or Sunday, respectively.

In calculating net asset value, equity securities listed or traded on national securities exchanges are valued at the last sale price or, if there have been no sales on that day, at the mean of the current bid and ask price which represents the current value of the security. Over-the-counter securities are valued at the mean of the current bid and ask price.

Portfolio securities listed on the NASDAQ National Market System for which market quotations are available are valued at the official closing price. If there is no official closing price, the securities are valued at the last sale price or, if there have been no sales that day, at the mean of the current bid and ask price which represents the current value of the security.

Securities that are primarily traded on foreign exchanges generally are valued at the preceding closing values of such securities on their respective exchanges, except that when an occurrence

 

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subsequent to the time a value was so established is likely to have changed such value, then the fair value of those securities will be determined by consideration of other factors by or under the direction of the Fund’s Board or its delegates. In valuing assets, prices denominated in foreign currencies are converted to U.S. dollar equivalents at the current exchange rate. Securities may be valued by independent pricing services which use prices provided by market-makers or estimates of market values obtained from yield data relating to instruments or securities with similar characteristics. Short-term obligations with maturities of 60 calendar days or less are valued at amortized cost, which constitutes fair value as determined by the Board. Amortized cost involves valuing an instrument at its original cost to the Fund and thereafter assuming a constant amortization to maturity of any discount or premium, regardless of the impact of fluctuating interest rates on the market value of the instrument. All other securities and other assets of the Fund will be valued at fair value as determined in good faith pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board.

TAXES

This section provides additional information concerning U.S. federal income taxes. This discussion does not apply to the ALPs/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund (the “Alerian Fund”), other than where specifically noted. It is based on the Code, applicable Treasury Regulations, judicial authority, and administrative rulings and practice, all as of the date of this SAI, and all of which are subject to change, including changes with retroactive effect. The following does not address any state, local or foreign or estate or gift tax matters.

A shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax consequences from acquiring, holding and disposing of shares in a Fund may vary depending upon his or her particular situation. This discussion only applies to shareholders who are U.S. persons. For purposes of this discussion, U.S. persons are: (i) U.S. citizens or residents, (ii) U.S. corporations, (iii) an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source, or (iv) a trust, if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions, or certain electing trusts that were in existence on August 20, 1996, and were treated as domestic trusts on August 19, 1996. This discussion does not address issues of significance to U.S. persons in special situations such as: (i) certain types of tax-exempt organizations, (ii) shareholders holding shares through tax-advantaged accounts (such as 401(k) plan accounts or individual retirement accounts), (iii) shareholders holding investments through foreign institutions (financial and non-financial), (iv) financial institutions, (v) broker-dealers, (vi) entities not organized under the laws of the United States or a political subdivision thereof, (vii) shareholders holding shares as part of a hedge, straddle or conversion transaction, and (viii) shareholders who are subject to the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax.

If a partnership (including for this purpose any entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) is a beneficial owner of shares, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. Partners of partnerships that are considering the purchase of shares should consult their own tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of shares.

 

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The Funds have not requested and will not request an advance ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) as to the U.S. federal income tax matters described below. The IRS could adopt positions contrary to those discussed below and such positions could be sustained. In addition, the foregoing discussion only addresses some of the U.S. federal income tax considerations generally affecting investments in the Funds. Prospective shareholders are urged to consult with their own tax advisers as to the particular U.S. federal tax consequences to them of an investment in the Fund, as well as the applicability and effect of any state, local or foreign laws, and the effect of possible changes in applicable tax laws.

General Policies

In general, it is each Fund’s policy to distribute to its shareholders as “ordinary income dividends” substantially all net investment income and short-term capital gains. It is also each Fund’s policy to distribute annually all net realized long-term capital gains, if any, after offsetting any capital loss carryovers as “capital gains dividends.”

Ordinary income dividends and capital gain distributions are payable in full and fractional shares of the relevant class of the Fund based upon the net asset value determined as of the close of the Exchange on the record date for each dividend or distribution. Shareholders, however, may elect to receive their ordinary income dividends or capital gain distributions, or both, in cash. The election may be made at any time by submitting a written request directly to the applicable Fund. In order for a change to be in effect for any dividend or distribution, it must be received by such Fund on or before the record date for such dividend or distribution.

If you elect to receive your dividends in cash and the dividend checks sent to you are returned “undeliverable” to the applicable Fund or remain uncashed for six months, your cash election will automatically be changed and your future dividends will be reinvested. No interest will accrue on amounts represented by uncashed dividend or redemption checks.

As required by federal law, detailed U.S. federal tax information will be furnished to each shareholder for each calendar year.

Taxation of the Funds

Each Fund intends to elect to be treated and qualify each year as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code. In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded regulated investment companies and their shareholders, a Fund must, among other things: (i) derive at least 90% of its gross income in each taxable year from dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies and net income derived from interests in “qualified publicly traded partnerships;” (ii) diversify its holdings so that at the end of each fiscal quarter, (a) at least 50% of the value of its total assets consists of cash and cash items (including receivables), U.S. government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities

 

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limited generally, with respect to any one issuer, to no more than 5% of the value of such Fund’s total assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (b) not more than 25% of the value of such Fund’s total assets is invested in (1) the securities (other than those of the U.S. government or other regulated investment companies) of any one issuer, (2) the securities (other than the securities of other regulated investment companies) of two or more issuers which such Fund controls and which are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses, or (3) in the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships and (iii) distribute with respect to each taxable year an amount equal to or exceeding the sum of (a) 90% of its “investment company taxable income,” as that term is defined in the Code (which generally includes, among other things, dividends, taxable interest, and the excess of any net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses, as reduced by certain deductible expenses) without regard to the deduction for dividends paid, and (b) 90% of its tax-exempt interest income, net of expenses allocable thereto. For purposes of meeting the diversification requirement described in (ii) above, in the case of a Fund’s investment in loan participations, the issuer may be the financial intermediary or the borrower.

With respect to (i) above, the IRS may limit qualifying income from foreign currency gains to the amount of such currency gains that are directly related to a regulated investment company’s principal business of investing in stock or securities pursuant to regulations that may be promulgated in the future. For purposes of the 90% gross income requirement described in (i) above, income derived from a partnership will generally be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership which would be qualifying income if realized by the regulated investment company. However, 100% of the net income derived from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership (defined as a partnership (x) interests in which are traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof and (y) that derives less than 90% of its income from the qualifying income described in (i) above) will be treated as qualifying income. In addition, although in general the passive loss rules of the Code do not apply to regulated investment companies, such rules do apply to a regulated investment company with respect to items attributable to an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership. Finally, for purposes of (ii)(a) above, the term “outstanding voting securities of such issuer” will include the equity securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership.

To the extent that it qualifies for treatment as a regulated investment company, a Fund will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on income distributed to its shareholders in a timely manner in the form of dividends (including capital gain dividends, defined below). In certain situations, a Fund can cure failures to meet the income and diversification tests described above, including, in some cases, by paying a Fund-level tax and, in the case of diversification failures, disposing of certain assets. If a Fund were to fail to qualify as a regulated investment company accorded special tax treatment in any taxable year – for example, because it was not sufficiently diversified under the applicable Code tests – such Fund would be subject to tax on its taxable income at corporate rates, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including any distributions of net tax-exempt income and net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. To qualify again to be taxed as a regulated investment company that is accorded special treatment in a subsequent year, such a Fund could be required to pay substantial taxes, penalties and interest and make substantial distributions. In addition, if

 

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a Fund fails to qualify as a regulated investment company for a period greater than two taxable years, such a Fund may be required to recognize and pay tax on any net built-in gain (the excess of aggregate gain, including items of income, over aggregate loss that would have been realized if the effected Fund had been liquidated) or, alternatively, to be subject to taxation on such built-in gain recognized for a period of ten years, in order to qualify as a regulated investment company in a subsequent year.

As a regulated investment company, each Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its net capital gains (that, is any net long-term capital gains in excess of the sum of net short-term capital losses and certain capital loss carryovers from prior years) properly reported by a Fund in a written statement to shareholders as capital gain dividends (“capital gain dividends”) and its investment company taxable income if any, that a Fund distributes to shareholders on a timely basis. Each Fund intends to distribute substantially all of its investment company taxable income and to distribute all of its capital gains dividends in a taxable year. If a Fund does retain any investment company taxable income, it will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained. However, a Fund may elect to have certain dividends paid after the close of a tax year treated as having been paid during the tax year for purposes of the regulated investment company distribution requirements and for purposes of determining its taxable income (“spill-over dividends”). Spill-over dividends are taxed to shareholders in the year in which they are received.

If a Fund retains any net capital gain, it will also be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained, but may designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who (i) will be required to include in income for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their shares of such undistributed amount, and (ii) will be entitled to credit their proportionate shares of the tax paid by such a Fund on such undistributed amount against their U.S. federal income tax liabilities, if any. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of such a Fund will be increased by an amount equal to the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholder’s income and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder under clause (ii) of the preceding sentence.

Generally, the excess (if any) of a Fund’s net short-term capital loss over the net long-term capital loss for a taxable year will carry over as a short-term capital loss arising on the first day of the next tax year. In addition, the excess (if any) of a Fund’s net long-term capital loss over the net short-term capital gain for the year will carry over as a long-term capital loss arising on the first day of the next tax year.

A regulated investment company may elect to treat any post-October capital loss (defined as the greatest of net capital loss, net long-term capital loss, or net short-term capital loss, in each case attributable to the portion of the taxable year after October 31) and late-year ordinary loss (generally, (i) net ordinary losses from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of property, attributable to the portion of the taxable year after October 31, plus (ii) other net ordinary losses attributable to the portion of the taxable year after December 31) as if incurred in the succeeding taxable year.

 

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If a Fund fails to distribute in a calendar year at least an amount equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary income for such year and 98.2% of its net capital gain income for the one year period ending on October 31 of such year, plus any retained amount for the prior year, such a Fund will be subject to a non-deductible excise tax on the undistributed amounts. For these purposes, ordinary gains and losses from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of property that would be properly taken into account after October 31 are treated as arising on January 1 of the following calendar year. For purposes of the excise tax, a Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to corporate income tax in the taxable year ending within the calendar year. A dividend paid to shareholders in January of a year generally is deemed to have been paid on December 31 of the preceding year, if the dividend is declared and payable to the shareholders of record on a date in October, November or December of that preceding year.

Each Fund intends to make distributions sufficient to avoid imposition of the excise tax, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so.

Investment into India from Mauritius (ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund only)

The Fund intends to invest into the Portfolio. The Portfolio, which shall invest in the securities of Indian companies, is an entity formed in the Republic of Mauritius which has elected to be treated as a disregarded entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes. A disregarded entity is a separate legal entity that is treated as part of its owner for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

The taxation of the Portfolio in India shall be governed by the Income Tax Act, 1961 (the “Act”) read with the provisions of the Treaty. As per Section 90(2) of the Act, the provisions of the Act would apply to the extent they are more beneficial than the provisions of the Treaty. In order for the Treaty provisions to apply, the Portfolio must be a tax resident of Mauritius and must obtain and provide a valid Mauritius tax residency certificate (“TRC”) along with the prescribed information.

According to the provisions of the Treaty, all the capital gains realized by the Portfolio, on disposal of securities, whether long-term or short term will not be subject to tax in India, provided the Portfolio does not have a permanent establishment in India. Circular No. 789 dated April 13, 2000 issued by the Central Board of Direct Taxes, India states that a certificate of residence is issued by the Mauritian Authorities, shall constitute sufficient evidence for accepting the status of residence as well as beneficial ownership for applying the Treaty. Further, as per Section 90 of the Act, in order to avail the benefit of the Treaty, a person is required to obtain and provide a tax residence certificate issued by the Mauritius Revenue Authority along with the prescribed information.

While the Portfolio currently holds a tax residency certificate in Mauritius and is expected to renew it on an annual basis, there is no guarantee that such renewal would be granted by the Mauritius Revenue Authority. In case the Portfolio is found not to be tax resident in Mauritius, the Portfolio may no longer be eligible for the benefits under certain provisions of the Treaty.

 

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If the benefits of the Treaty are denied or if the Portfolio is held to have a permanent establishment in India, gains derived by the Portfolio due to the sale of securities, may be subject to taxation in India as follows:

Long-term capital gains from sale of Indian listed securities (where Securities Transaction Tax (“STT”) is applicable) would be exempt from tax in India. Short-term capital gains from sale of Indian listed securities (where STT is applicable) would be taxed at the rate of 15% in India (subject to currently applicable Surcharge and Education Cess. and Long-term capital gains from sale of Indian securities (where STT is not applicable) executed off the recognized stock exchange in India will be taxable at the rate of 10% in India (subject to applicable Surcharge and Education Cess). Short-term capital gains from sale of Indian securities (where STT is not applicable) executed off the recognized stock exchange in India will be taxed at the rate of 30% in India (subject to applicable Surcharge and Education Cess).

The period of holding for determining whether there are long term or short term capital gains shall vary depending upon the type of securities. In case of shares of a company, certain listed securities and zero coupon bonds, the asset is characterized as long term capital asset if it is held for a period exceeding 12 months. However, other assets are treated as long term capital assets only if they are held for a period exceeding 36 months.

Long-term capital gains from sale of Indian securities (where STT is not applicable) executed off the recognized stock exchange in India will be taxable at the rate of 10% in India (subject to applicable Surcharge and Education Cess)). Short-term capital gains from sale of Indian securities (where STT is not applicable) executed off the recognized stock exchange in India will be taxed at the rate of 30% in India (subject to applicable Surcharge and Education Cess). Further, the capital gains arising on sale of unlisted equity shares in an initial public offer shall be, in case of long term capital gains, exempt from tax; and in case of short term capital gains be taxed at 15% (subject to applicable Surcharge and Education Cess), subject to payment of STT at a rate of 0.2% of the consideration by the seller on sale of unlisted equity shares in an initial public offer and where such shares are listed on a recognized stock exchange.

Taxation of Dividends: Dividends paid by domestic companies are currently exempt from tax in the hands of all shareholders, irrespective of their residency status. Accordingly, the dividends earned by the Company would be exempt from tax in India. However, the Indian portfolio companies declaring, distributing or paying dividends are required to pay a Dividend Distribution Tax (“DDT”) of 15% (subject to applicable Surcharge and Education Cess).

Taxation of Interest: Any interest that accrues to the a FII is subject to tax at

 

(i)

the rate of 10% (subject to applicable Surcharge and Education Cess) in respect of interest on Foreign Currency Convertible Bonds issued;

 

(ii)

at the rate of 20% (subject to applicable Surcharge and Education Cess) not falling in (i) above. Indian tax on interest income will be collected by the payer of such interest income as withholding tax.

 

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However, please note that the Act levies withholding tax upon payment of interest income to FIIs or QFIs by Indian companies to 5% provided such interest is payable on or after June 1, 2013 but before June 1, 2015 in respect of a rupee denominated bond of an Indian company or a Government security provided the rate of interest on such loan does not exceed the rate prescribed by the Government of India. The Act also levies withholding tax at a rate of 5% on the interests payable to a non-resident by an infrastructure debt fund.

General Anti-Avoidance Rule: The Finance Act, 2012 had introduced GAAR into the Act, which, subsequent to the amendments introduced by the Finance Act, 2013, will come into effect from April 1, 2015.

As per the provisions of the Act, Indian tax authorities have been granted wide powers to tax ‘impermissible avoidance arrangements’ including the power to disregard entities in a structure, reallocate income and expenditure between parties to the arrangement, alter the tax residence of such entities and the legal situs of assets involved, treat debt as equity and vice versa. The GAAR provisions are potentially applicable to any transaction or any part thereof.

The term ‘impermissible avoidance arrangement’ has been defined to mean an arrangement where the main purpose is to obtain a tax benefit, and it:

1. creates rights, or obligations, which are not ordinarily created between persons dealing at arm’s length;

2. results, directly or indirectly, in the misuse, or abuse, of the provisions of the Act;

3. lacks commercial substance or is deemed to lack commercial substance, in whole or in part; or

4. is entered into, or carried out, by means, or in a manner, which are not ordinarily employed for bona fide purposes.

Further, an arrangement shall be presumed, unless it is proved to the contrary by the taxpayer, to have been entered into, or carried out, for the main purpose of obtaining a tax benefit, if the main purpose of a step in, or a part of, the arrangement is to obtain a tax benefit, notwithstanding the fact that the main purpose of the whole arrangement is not to obtain a tax benefit.

An arrangement shall be deemed to lack commercial substance (amongst other factors) if:

1. the substance or effect of the arrangement as a whole, is inconsistent with, or differs significantly from, the form of its individual steps or a part; or

2. it involves or includes:

a) round trip financing;

b) an accommodating party;

c) elements that have effect of offsetting or cancelling each other; or

d) a transaction which is conducted through one or more persons and disguises the value, location, source, ownership or control of funds which is the subject matter of such transaction; or

 

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3. it involves the location of an asset or of a transaction or of the place of residence of any party which is without any substantial commercial purpose other than obtaining a tax benefit for a party; or

4. it does not have a significant effect upon the business risks or net cash flows of any party to the arrangement apart from any effect attributable to the tax benefit that would be obtained.

While vide a press release dated January 14, 2013 the Finance Minister had announced that GAAR will not apply to such FIIs that chose not to take any benefit under an agreement under Section 90 or 90A of the Act and further that GAAR will not apply to non-resident investors in the FII, such amendments are yet to be carried in the Act.

If the Indian tax authorities were to apply the GAAR to the Portfolio, this could result in the benefits under the Treaty being denied to the Portfolio. Consequently, the application of GAAR could have an adverse impact on the taxability of the Fund and the returns to the Investors.

Indirect Transfer of Indian Assets. The Finance Act, 2012 introduced a provision in the Act for the levy of capital gains tax on income arising from the transfer of shares/ interest in a company/ entity organized outside India which derives, directly or indirectly, its value substantially from the assets located in India. The transferor in this case is required to withhold taxes and pay the same to the Government of India. Pursuant to the said provision, there is a possibility that Indian tax authorities may seek to tax the transfer or redemption of shares in the Portfolio, notwithstanding that there is no transfer taking place in India, on the basis that the shares of the Portfolio derive substantial value from India.

Therefore, it is possible that the income arising from the transfer or redemption of the shares of the Portfolio or the Fund may be taxable in India in the hands of a transferor, where the value of such shares is substantially derived, directly or indirectly, from assets located in India and such transferor is located in a jurisdiction with which India does not have a more beneficial double taxation avoidance treaty.

Capital gains and business income classification: There have been differing judicial pronouncements in India in the past as to whether gains from transactions in securities by FIIs should be taxed as “business profits” or as “capital gains”. However, these pronouncements, while laying down certain guiding principles have largely been driven by the facts and circumstances of the case. Although, historically, most FIIs have offered sale proceeds from their investments in Indian securities to tax as capital gains, in the past, there have been instances where FIIs have obtained a ruling from the Authority for Advance Rulings (“AAR”) in India, that the income earned by them from the sale of Indian securities, including exchange traded derivatives , is in the nature of business income and hence subject to tax in India only in the presence of a permanent establishment in India. Rulings of the AAR are private rulings and hence, binding only on the applicant and the taxpayer in relation to that particular assessment. Then again, recently the AAR has given a ruling in some cases of FIIs that their income from sale of shares should be characterized as capital gains and not business income . In the event that the Indian tax authorities treat the gains earned by the Portfolio as business income, such gains will not be taxable in India so long as the Portfolio does not have a PE in India. In case the Portfolio is held to have a PE in India, gains attributable to the PE would be taxable in India at the rate of 40% (subject to applicable Surcharge and Education Cess).

 

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In the event gains on sale of Indian securities are held to be business income, then, in the absence of a “business connection” or a “permanent establishment” in India such business income of the Portfolio would not be subject to tax in India. However, in the event that the Portfolio is held to have a “business connection” or a “permanent establishment” in India then such business income could be taxed in India at the rate of 40% (subject to applicable Surcharge and Education Cess) but only to the extent such income is attributable to the activities of its business connection or permanent establishment in India.

Distributions through buy-back: The Finance Act, 2013 has levied a tax of 20% on domestic unlisted companies, when such companies distribute income pursuant to a share repurchase or “buy back”. The Finance Act, 2013 defines ‘distributed income’ to mean “the consideration paid by the company on buy-back of shares as reduced by the amount which was received by the company for issue of such shares”. Thus, tax at the rate of 20% has been proposed to be imposed on a domestic company on consideration paid by it which is above the amount received by the company at the time of issuing of shares. The tax as imposed under these provisions shall be payable by the company irrespective of whether income tax is payable on its total income as computed under the Act. The tax paid to the Indian Government for the buy-back has been proposed to be treated as the final payment of tax and no further credit may be claimed by the company or any other person in respect of the amount of tax so paid.

In the event that the benefits of the Treaty are not available to the Portfolio or is held to have a permanent establishment in India, the Portfolio may be subject to a MAT. As per the Act, if the tax payable by any company (including a foreign company) is less than 18.5% of its book profits, it will be required to pay MAT which will be deemed to be 18.5% (subject to applicable Surcharge and Education Cess) of such book profits. Long-term capital gains on the sale of listed securities are included in the definition of “book profits” for the purposes of calculating MAT.

THESE TAX CONSEQUENCES ARE BASED ON THE CURRENT TAX LAW IN INDIA, TAXATION TREATY AND INTERPRETATION THEREOF. THESE PROVISIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS THEREOF ARE LIKELY TO CHANGE IN FUTURE IN WHICH CASE THE TAX CONSEQUENCES COULD CHANGE SUBSTANTIALLY. EACH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR IS URGED TO CONSULT ITS OWN ADVISOR WITH RESPECT TO THE TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE PURCHASE AND OWNERSHIP OF THE SHARES.

Taxation of Fund Distributions

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, distributions of investment company taxable income are generally taxable as ordinary income to the extent of a Fund’s current or accumulated “earnings and profits.” Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long a Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares. Distributions of net capital gains from the sale of investments that a Fund owned for more than one year and that are properly designated by such Fund as capital gain dividends (i.e.,

 

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“capital gain dividends”) will be taxable to Fund shareholders as long-term capital gains. Generally, distributions of gains from the sale of investments that a Fund owned for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income. A Fund may designate certain dividends as derived from “qualified dividend income,” which, when received by an individual or other non-corporate shareholder, will be taxed at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain. Dividend income distributed to individual or other non-corporate shareholders will qualify as “qualified dividend income” as that term is defined in section 1(h)(11)(B) of the Code to the extent such distributions are attributable to income from the applicable Fund’s investments in common and preferred stock of U.S. companies and stock of certain qualified foreign corporations provided that certain holding period and other requirements are met by both such Fund and its shareholders. No Fund expects a significant portion of distributions to be derived from qualified dividend income. Distributions are taxable to shareholders even if they are paid from income or gains earned by a Fund before a shareholder invested in that Fund (and thus were included in the price the shareholder paid). Distributions are taxable whether shareholders receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares (other than distributions, if any, designated by the Fund as “exempt-interest dividends,” a designation which the Funds generally do not expect to make). Any gain resulting from the sale or exchange of Fund shares generally will be taxable as capital gains. Distributions declared and payable by a Fund during October, November or December to shareholders of record on a date in any such month and paid by the Fund during the following January will be treated for U.S. federal tax purposes as paid by the Fund and received by shareholders on December 31st of the year in which declared rather than the calendar year in which they were received.

The maximum long-term capital gain rate applicable to individuals is 20%.

Dividends received by corporate shareholders that are reported by a Fund in a written statement furnished to shareholders may qualify for the 70% dividends received deduction to the extent of the amount of qualifying dividends received by a Fund from domestic corporations and to the extent a portion of interest paid or accrued on certain high yield discount obligations owned by the Fund are treated as dividends.

If a Fund makes a distribution in excess of its current and accumulated “earnings and profits” in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of a shareholder’s tax basis in his or her shares, and thereafter as capital gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces a shareholder’s basis in his or her shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of such shares.

Sale or Redemption of Shares

The sale or redemption of Fund shares may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of Fund shares will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year. Otherwise, the gain or loss on the taxable disposition of Fund shares will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of any long-term capital gain distributions received (or deemed received) by the shareholder with respect to the shares. All or a portion of

 

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any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of Fund shares will be disallowed if other substantially identical shares of such Fund are purchased within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.

Special Tax Considerations

The following discussion relates to the particular U.S. federal income tax consequences of the investment policies of the Funds.

Passive Foreign Investment Companies

Funds that invest in non-U.S. securities may own shares in certain foreign investment entities, referred to as “passive foreign investment companies” (“PFICs”). In order to avoid U.S. federal income tax and an additional charge on a portion of any “excess distribution” from PFICs or gain from the disposition of PFIC shares, a Fund may elect to “mark-to-market” annually its investments in such entities, which will result in such Fund being treated as if it had sold and repurchased all the PFIC stock at the end of each year. As a result of the mark-to-market election, an electing Fund would report any such gains as ordinary income and would deduct such losses as ordinary losses to the extent of previously recognized gains. By making the mark-to-market election, an electing Fund could potentially mitigate the adverse tax consequences with respect to its ownership of shares in a PFIC, but in any particular year it may be required to recognize income in excess of the distributions it receives from PFICs and its proceeds from dispositions of PFIC stock. An electing Fund may have to distribute this “phantom” income and gain to satisfy the distribution requirement and to avoid imposition of the excise tax described above. Alternatively, a Fund may elect to treat the PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” (a “QEF election”), in which case the Fund would be required to include its share of the company’s income and net capital gains annually, regardless of whether it receives distributions from the PFIC. As with the mark-to-market election, these amounts would be taken into account by an electing Fund for purposes of satisfying the distribution requirement and the excise tax distribution requirement. In order to make a QEF election, a Fund would be required to obtain certain annual information from the PFICs in which it invests, which may be difficult or impossible to obtain. Income from investments in PFICs generally will not qualify for treatment as qualified dividend income.

Non-U.S. Taxes

Each Fund that invests in non-U.S. securities may be liable to non-U.S. governments for taxes relating primarily to investment income or capital gains on non-U.S. securities in such Fund’s portfolio. If at the close of its taxable year more than 50% of the value of a Fund’s total assets consists of securities of foreign corporations (including foreign governments), such Fund may make an election under the Code that would allow Fund shareholders who are U.S. persons or U.S. corporations to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction (but not both) on their U.S. income tax return for their pro rata portion of qualified taxes paid by that Fund to non-U.S. countries in respect of non-U.S. securities held at least a minimum period as specified in the Code. If a Fund makes the election, the amount of each shareholder’s distribution reported on the information

 

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returns filed by such Fund with the IRS must be increased by the amount of the shareholder’s portion of such Fund’s foreign tax paid. A shareholder’s ability to claim all or a part of a foreign tax credit or deduction in respect of non-U.S. taxes paid by a Fund may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code.

If a Fund were to qualify as a “qualified fund of funds,” the Fund could be entitled to elect to pass-through its foreign tax credits without regard to the above described 50% requirement. For this purpose, the term “qualified fund of funds” means a regulated investment company if (at the close of each quarter of the taxable year) at least 50% of the value of its total assets is represented by interests in other regulated investment companies. The Funds make no assurances as to either the availability of any election discussed in this section or their willingness to make any such election.

Non-U.S. Currency Transactions

Transactions in non-U.S. currencies, non-U.S.-currency denominated debt obligations and certain non-U.S. currency options, future contracts, and forward contracts (and similar instruments) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the non-U.S. currency concerned and may increase the amount and affect the timing and character of taxes payable by shareholders. Certain of a Fund’s transactions, if any, in foreign currencies and foreign currency denominated instruments are likely to result in a difference between the Fund’s book income and taxable income. This difference may cause a portion of such Fund’s income distributions to constitute a return of capital or capital gain for tax purposes or require the Fund to make distributions exceeding book income to avoid excise tax liability and to qualify as a regulated investment company, which may have the effect of accelerating taxable distributions to shareholders of the Fund.

Financial Products

Each Fund’s investments in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts, swaps and certain other transactions will be subject to special tax rules (including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale, short sale and other rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income recognized by such Fund, defer such Fund’s losses, cause adjustments in the holding periods of such Fund’s securities, convert capital gain into ordinary income and convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to Fund shareholders.

Some of a Fund’s investments, such as certain option transactions as well as futures transactions in foreign currency contracts that are traded in the interbank market, may be “section 1256 contracts.” Gains and losses on section 1256 contracts are generally treated as 60% long-term capital and 40% short-term capital, although certain foreign currency gains and losses from such contracts may be treated as entirely ordinary in character. Section 1256 contracts held by a Fund at the end of a taxable year are “marked to market” for income tax purposes, meaning that unrealized gains or losses are treated as though they were realized (and treated on the 60/40 basis described above).

 

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Certain positions undertaken by a Fund may constitute “straddles” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The straddle rules may affect the character of gains or losses realized by such Fund. Losses realized by a Fund that are part of a straddle may be deferred beyond the point in time that they are realized. The straddle rules, if applicable, could increase the amount of short-term capital gain realized by a Fund, which is taxed as ordinary income when distributed to shareholders. Certain tax elections that a Fund may make with respect to straddles could affect the character and timing of recognition of gains and losses.

Rules governing the tax aspects of notional principal contracts in which a Fund may invest are not clear in various respects. As a result, the IRS could challenge a Fund’s methods of accounting for U.S. federal income tax purposes for such contracts, and such a challenge could affect the status of such Fund as a regulated investment company.

A Fund may make short sales of securities. Short sales may increase the amount of short-term capital gains realized by a Fund, which is taxed as ordinary income to the shareholders when distributed. Short sales may also constitute “constructive sales,” which would result in taxable income before the short-sale positions are terminated.

Certain of a Fund’s hedging activities including its transactions in options, futures contracts and foreign currencies, are likely to result in a difference between such Fund’s book income and taxable income. This difference may cause a portion of a Fund’s income distributions to constitute a return of capital or capital gain for tax purposes or require such Fund to make distributions exceeding book income to avoid excise tax liability and to qualify as a regulated investment company, which may have the effect of accelerating taxable distributions to shareholders.

Taxation of Certain Commodity-Linked Instruments

One of the requirements for favorable tax treatment as a regulated investment company under the Code is that a fund derives at least 90% of its gross income from certain qualifying sources of income. The IRS issued a revenue ruling which concludes that income and gain from certain commodity-linked swaps and commodity-linked derivatives is not qualifying income under Subchapter M of the Code. As a result, the ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund’s ability to invest directly in commodity-linked swaps as part of its investment strategy is limited by the requirement that it receive no more than ten percent (10%) of its gross income from such investments.

However, in a subsequent revenue ruling, the IRS indicated that income from alternative investment instruments (such as certain structured notes) that create commodity exposure may be considered qualifying income under the Code. The IRS subsequently issued private letter rulings to other tax payers in which the IRS specifically concluded that income from certain commodity index-linked notes is qualifying income and that income derived from a fund’s investment in a controlled foreign corporation (“CFC”) also will constitute qualifying income to the fund, even if

 

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the CFC itself owns commodity-linked swaps. The ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund seeks to gain exposure to the commodity markets primarily through investments in commodity index-linked notes and through investments in the Subsidiary.

A private letter ruling is binding upon the IRS only for the taxpayer that receives it, and by law cannot be used or cited as precedent. The ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund has not obtained a ruling from the IRS with respect to its investments or its structure. Based on the analysis in private letter rulings previously issued to other taxpayers, the ALPS|CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund intends to treat its income from commodity index-linked notes and the Subsidiary as qualifying income. There can be no assurance that the IRS will not change its historic position with respect to some or all of these issues or if the IRS did so, that a court would not sustain the IRS’s position. In addition, the IRS announced in 2011 that it suspended the issuance of private letter rulings relating to the tax treatment of income and gain generated by investments in commodity-linked notes and income generated by investments in controlled foreign corporations, such as the Subsidiary, and such suspension remains in effect as of the date of this SAI.

If the IRS were to change its historic position or otherwise determine that income derived from certain commodity-linked notes or from the Fund’s investment in the Subsidiary does not constitute qualifying income, and if such positions were upheld, the Fund might cease to qualify as a regulated investment company and/or may be required to reduce its exposure to such commodity-linked investments, which might result in difficulty in implementing its investment strategy. If the Fund does not qualify as a regulated investment company for any taxable year, the Fund’s taxable income would be subject to tax at the Fund level at regular corporate tax rates (without reduction for distributions to shareholders) and to a further tax at the shareholder level when such income is distributed. In such event, in order to re-qualify for taxation as a regulated investment company, the Fund may be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes, penalties and interest and make substantial distributions.

Securities Issued or Purchased at a Discount

A Fund’s investment in securities issued at a discount and certain other obligations will (and investments in securities purchased at a discount may) require that Fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. In addition, payment-in-kind securities will give rise to income which is required to be distributed even though such Fund does not receive an interest payment in cash on the security during the year. In order to generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, an effected Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio that it otherwise would have continued to hold. An effected Fund may realize gains or losses from such sales. In the event such Fund realizes net capital gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution than they would in the absence of such transactions.

Some debt obligations that are acquired by a Fund in the secondary market may be treated as having market discount. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of a debt security having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain does not exceed the “accrued market discount” on such debt security. Market discount generally accrues in equal daily installments. Each Fund may make certain elections applicable to debt obligations having market discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

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High-Risk Securities

Each Fund may invest in debt obligations that are in the lowest rating categories or are unrated. Investments in debt obligations that are at risk of or in default present special tax issues for a Fund. The application of the U.S. federal income tax rules with respect to these types of investments is complicated and will depend upon the application of the law to facts that may be unclear, which may result in uncertainty about the U.S. federal income tax treatment of these investments (e.g., such as when a Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts, or worthless securities and how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income). These and other related issues will be addressed by a Fund if it invests in such securities in order to seek to ensure that such Fund distributes sufficient income to avoid becoming subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.

Real Estate Investment Trusts

A Fund’s investments in REIT equity securities, if any, may result in such Fund’s receipt of cash in excess of the REIT’s earnings. If the Fund receives such distributions all or a portion of these distributions will constitute a return of capital to such Fund. Receiving a return of capital distribution from a REIT will reduce the amount of income available to be distributed to Fund shareholders. Income from REIT securities generally will not be eligible for treatment as qualified dividend income.

Tax-Exempt Shareholders

Under current law, each Fund serves to “block” (that is, prevent the attribution to shareholders of) unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”) from being realized by its tax-exempt shareholders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a tax-exempt shareholder could realize UBTI by virtue of its investment in a Fund if either: (1) the applicable Fund invests in REITs that hold residual interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits (“REMICs”); or (2) shares in the applicable Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of section 514(b) of the Code. If a charitable remainder trust (as defined in section 664 of the Code) realizes any UBTI for a taxable year, it will be subject to an excise tax on such income. A Fund may invest in REITs that hold residual interests in REMICs.

Backup Withholding

Each Fund (including the Alerian Fund) generally is required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and redemption proceeds paid to any non-corporate shareholder who fails to properly furnish such Fund with a correct taxpayer identification number (“TIN”) or who has under-reported dividend or interest income, and to any shareholder that fails to certify to such Fund that it is not subject to such withholding. The backup withholding tax rate is 28%.

 

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Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules from a payment to a shareholder generally may be refunded or credited against the shareholder federal income tax liability, if any, provided that certain required information is timely furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.

Cost Basis Reporting

Legislation passed by Congress in 2008 requires a Fund (including the Alerian Fund) or its administrative agent to report to the IRS and furnish to fund shareholders the cost basis information for fund shares purchased on or after January 1, 2012 (“covered shares”), and redeemed, exchanged or otherwise sold on or after that date. In addition to the requirement (which applied historically and continues to apply) to report the gross proceeds from the sale of Fund shares, a Fund will also be required to report the cost basis information for such shares and indicate whether these shares had a short-term or long-term holding period. In the absence of an election by a shareholder to elect from certain cost basis methods which have been accepted by the IRS, each Fund will use its default cost basis method. For the Alerian Fund, however, only shares that are purchased in a dividend reinvestment program will be “covered shares,” and the election described in the preceding sentence will be available to shareholders of the Alerian Fund only with respect to such shares, and the Alerian Fund’s default cost basis method will also apply only to such shares. The basis of other shares sold, exchanged or redeemed by a shareholder of the Alerian Fund will be determined using the first-in, first-out method, unless the shareholder notifies the fund that the shareholder intends to use the specific identification method.

In general, the cost basis method elected or applied may not be changed after the settlement date of a sale of Fund shares. Once a Fund shareholder has elected a cost basis reporting method, the election will apply to all future transactions in covered shares unless the shareholder revokes or changes the standing election. Fund shareholders should consult with their tax advisers concerning the most desirable IRS-accepted cost basis method for their tax situation and to obtain more information about how the new cost basis reporting law applies to them. The historical legal requirement to report only the gross proceeds from the sale of Fund shares will continue to apply to all fund shares acquired through December 31, 2011, and which are sold on and after that date.

You should consult with your tax adviser regarding the U.S. federal, foreign, state and local tax consequences of an investment in the Fund.

Surtax on Net Investment Income

A surtax of 3.8% applies to net investment income of an individual taxpayer and to the undistributed net investment income of certain estates and trusts, in each case in excess of a threshold amount. Net investment income includes interest, dividends, royalties, rents, gross income from a trade or business involving passive activities, and net gain from disposition of property (other than property held in a non-passive trade or business). Net investment income includes ordinary income and capital gain distributions received with respect to shares of a Fund

 

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(other than the Alerian Fund) and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of such Fund shares. Net Investment income will also include dividends received from the Alerian Fund and capital gain from the sale or redemption of stock of the Alerian Fund. Net investment income is reduced by deductions properly allocable to such income. Holders of our common stock should consult their tax advisors regarding the effect, if any, of this legislation on their ownership and disposition of our common stock.

Foreign Accounts

The Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act will impose a 30% withholding tax on dividends received from a Fund, capital gain distributions and the payments of gross proceeds from a sale or other disposition of shares (including redemption proceeds) with respect to shares of a Fund (including, where applicable, any such amounts received in respect of shares in the Alerian Fund) paid, to (i) foreign financial institutions (as defined in section 1471 of the Code) unless they agree to collect and disclose to the IRS information regarding direct and indirect U.S. account holders and (ii) certain other foreign entities unless they certify certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners. If the payee is a foreign financial institution, it must enter into an agreement with the U.S. Department of the Treasury requiring, among other things, that it undertake to identify accounts held by certain U.S. persons or U.S.-owned foreign entities, annually report certain information about such accounts, and withhold 30% on payments to account holders whose actions prevent it from complying with these reporting and other requirements. An intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country, or future Treasury regulations, may modify these requirements. In certain circumstances, an account holder may be eligible for refunds or credits of such withheld taxes. The Funds will not pay any additional amounts to a shareholder with respect to any amounts withheld under such legislation.

Under current administrative guidance, the withholding obligations described above currently apply to payments of dividends on shares and to capital gains distributions and payments of gross proceeds from a sale or other disposition of shares (including redemptions) on or after January 1, 2017.

Other Tax Matters

Special tax rules apply to investments through defined contribution plans and other tax-qualified plans. Shareholders should consult their tax advisor to determine the suitability of shares of a Fund as an investment through such plans and the precise effect of an investment in the Funds would have on their particular tax situation.

The foregoing discussion relates solely to U.S. federal income tax law. Dividends and distributions also may be subject to state and local taxes. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding specific questions as to U.S. federal, state, local and, where applicable, foreign taxes. Foreign investors should consult their tax advisers concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences of ownership of shares of a Fund, including the certification and filing requirements imposed on foreign investors in order to qualify for exemption from the backup withholding tax rates (or a reduced rate of withholding provided by treaty).

 

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The foregoing is a general and abbreviated summary of the applicable provisions of the Code and related regulations currently in effect. For the complete provisions, reference should be made to the pertinent Code sections and regulations. The Code and regulations are subject to change by legislative or administrative actions.

DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST

The Trust was organized as a Delaware business trust on November 30, 1993 and consists of thirty-two separate portfolios or series. The Board may establish additional series in the future. The capitalization of the Trust consists solely of an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest with no par value.

The Trust consists of multiple separate portfolios or funds. When certain matters affect one fund but not another, the shareholders would vote as a fund regarding such matters. Subject to the foregoing, on any matter submitted to a vote of shareholders, all shares then entitled to vote will be voted separately by the fund unless otherwise required by the 1940 Act, in which case all shares will be voted in the aggregate. For example, a change in a fund’s fundamental investment policies would be voted upon only by shareholders of the fund. Additionally, approval of the Investment Advisory Contract and Management Contracts are matters to be determined separately by each fund.

Approval by the shareholders of one fund is effective as to that fund whether or not sufficient votes are received from the shareholders of the other fund to approve the proposal as to that fund. The term “majority,” when referring to approvals to be obtained from shareholders of a fund means the vote of the lesser of (i) 67% of the shares of the fund or class represented at a meeting if the holder of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the fund or class are present in person or by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the fund. The term “majority,” when referring to the approvals to be obtained from shareholders of the Trust as a whole means the vote of the lesser of (i) 67% of the Trust’s shares represented at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the Trust’s outstanding shares are present in person or proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the Trust’s outstanding shares. Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each full share held and fractional votes for fractional shares held.

The Trust is not required to hold regular annual meetings of a fund’s shareholders and does not intend to do so. However, the Trust undertakes to hold a special meeting of its shareholders if the purpose of voting on the question of removal of a director or trustees is requested in writing by the holders of at least 10% of the Trust’s outstanding voting securities, and to assist in communicating with other shareholders as required by Section 16(c) of the 1940 Act. The Trust Instrument provides that the holders of not less than two-thirds of the outstanding shares of the Trust may remove a person serving as Trustee either by declaration in writing or at a meeting called for such purpose.

Each share of a Fund represents an equal proportional interest in the Fund with each other share and is entitled to such dividends and distributions out of the income earned on the assets belonging to the fund as are declared in the discretion of the Trustees. In the event of the

 

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liquidation or dissolution of the Trust, shareholders of each fund are entitled to receive the assets attributable to such Fund that are available for distribution, and a distribution of any general assets of the Trust not attributable to a particular Fund that are available for distribution in such manner and on such basis as the Trustees in their sole discretion may determine.

Shareholders are not entitled to any preemptive rights. All shares, when issued, will be fully paid and non-assessable by the Trust.

Under Delaware law, shareholders could, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable for the obligations of a series of the Trust but only to the extent of the shareholder’s investment in such series. However, the Trust Instrument disclaims liability of the shareholders, Trustees or Officers of the Trust for acts or obligations of the Trust, which are binding only on the assets and property of each series of the Trust and requires that notice of the disclaimer be given in each contract or obligations entered into or executed by the Trust or the Trustees. The risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which the Trust itself would be unable to meet its obligations and should be considered remote and is limited to the amount of the shareholder’s investment in the Fund.

OTHER INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS

Custodian. The Bank of New York Mellon, located at One Wall Street, New York, NY 10286 (“BNY Mellon”), serves as Custodian for the ALPS/Kotak India Growth Fund. State Street Bank and Trust Company, located at 225 Franklin Street, Boston, MA, 02171 (“State Street”), serves as Custodian for the ALPS/Red Rocks Listed Private Equity Fund, ALPS/WMC Disciplined Value Fund, Clough China Fund, ALPS/CoreCommodity Management CompleteCommodities Strategy Fund, RiverFront Global Growth Fund, RiverFront Global Allocation Fund, RiverFront Dynamic Equity Income Fund, RiverFront Moderate Growth and Income Fund, RiverFront Conservative Income Builder Fund and ALPS/Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index Fund. As such, State Street and BNY Mellon each hold in safekeeping certificated securities and cash belonging to the respective Funds and, in such capacity, is the registered owner of securities in book-entry form belonging to the Funds. Upon instruction, State Street and BNY Mellon each receive and deliver cash and securities of the respective Funds in connection with portfolio transactions and collect all dividends and other distributions made with respect to portfolio securities. State Street and BNY Mellon each also maintain certain accounts and records of the Funds.

Transfer Agent. ALPS, pursuant to a Transfer Agency and Service Agreement, serves as transfer agent for the Funds. As Transfer Agent, ALPS has, among other things, agreed to (i) issue and redeem shares of the Funds; (ii) make dividend and other distributions to shareholders of the Fund; (iii) effect transfers of shares; (iv) mail communications to shareholders of the Funds, including account statements, confirmations, and dividend and distribution notices; (v) facilitate the electronic delivery of shareholder statements and reports and (vi) maintain shareholder accounts. Under the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement, ALPS receives from the Trust an annual minimum fee and a fee based upon the number of shareholder accounts and is also reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses. As described above, ALPS is an affiliate of APSD and the Adviser.

 

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Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. Deloitte & Touche LLP (“Deloitte”) serves as the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm. Deloitte is located at 555 17th St. #3600, Denver, Colorado 80202.

Counsel. Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP serves as counsel to the Funds and is located at 1550 17th Street, Suite 500, Denver, Colorado 80202.

PERFORMANCE INFORMATION

Yield and Total Return. The Funds may from time to time include the yield and/or total return of its shares in advertisements or information in advertisements or information furnished to present or prospective shareholders.

Each Fund’s yield will vary from time to time depending upon market conditions, the composition of its portfolios and operating expenses of the Trust allocated to each Fund. These factors, possible differences in the methods used in calculating yield, and the tax exempt status of distributions, should be considered when comparing each Fund’s yield to yields published for other investment companies and other investment vehicles. Yield should also be considered relative to changes in the value of each Fund’s shares and to the relative risks associated with the investment objectives and policies of the Fund.

At any time in the future, yields and total return may be higher or lower than past yields and there can be no assurance that any historical results will continue.

Investors in each Fund are specifically advised that share prices, expressed as the net asset value per share, will vary just as yield will vary. An investor’s focus on the yield of a Fund to the exclusion of the consideration of the share price of that Fund may result in the investor’s misunderstanding the total return he or she may derive from the Fund.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The financial statements and financial highlights in the April 30, 2014 Annual Report (the “Annual Report”) of the Funds are incorporated in this SAI by reference. The financial statements and financial highlights in the Annual Report have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, whose report thereon appears in the Annual Report, except for the financial highlights of the RiverFront Global Growth Fund for the year ended December 31, 2009, and the financial highlights of the Clough China Fund for the year ended July 31, 2009, which were audited by other auditors. You can obtain additional copies of such Annual Report at no charge by writing or telephoning the Funds at the address or toll-free number on the front page of this SAI.

 

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APPENDIX A

DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES RATINGS

The Fund may make use of average portfolio credit quality standards to assist institutional investors whose own investment guidelines limit their investments accordingly. In determining the Fund’s overall dollar-weighted average quality, unrated securities are treated as if rated, based on the adviser’s view of their comparability to rated securities. The Fund’s use of average quality criteria is intended to be a guide for those investors whose investment guidelines require that assets be invested according to comparable criteria. Reference to an overall average quality rating for the Fund does not mean that all securities held by the Fund will be rated in that category or higher. The Fund’s investments may range in quality from securities rated in the lowest category in which the Fund is permitted to invest to securities rated in the highest category (as rated by Moody’ s, S&P or Fitch or, if unrated, determined by the adviser to be of comparable quality). The percentage of the Fund’s assets invested in securities in a particular rating category will vary. Following is a description of Moody’s, S&P’s and Fitch’s ratings applicable to fixed-income securities.

Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.

Corporate and Municipal Bond Ratings

Aaa: Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as “gilt edge.” Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.

Aa: Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high-grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present that make the long-term risks appear somewhat larger than with Aaa securities.

A: Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as upper-medium-grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate, but elements may be present that suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.

Baa: Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium-grade obligations (i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured), interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well.

Ba: Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be considered as well-assured. Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.

 

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B: Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of a desirable investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.

Caa: Bonds which are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest.

Ca: Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in a high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.

C: Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and issues so rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing.

Moody’s bond ratings, where specified, are applicable to financial contracts, senior bank obligations and insurance company senior policyholder and claims obligations with an original maturity in excess of one year. Obligations relying upon support mechanisms such as letter-of-credit and bonds of indemnity are excluded unless explicitly rated. Obligations of a branch of a bank are considered to be domiciled in the country in which the branch is located.

Unless noted as an exception, Moody’s rating on a bank’s ability to repay senior obligations extends only to branches located in countries which carry a Moody’s Sovereign Rating for Bank Deposits. Such branch obligations are rated at the lower of the bank’s rating or Moody’s Sovereign Rating for the Bank Deposits for the country in which the branch is located. When the currency in which an obligation is denominated is not the same as the currency of the country in which the obligation is domiciled, Moody’s ratings do not incorporate an opinion as to whether payment of the obligation will be affected by the actions of the government controlling the currency of denomination. In addition, risk associated with bilateral conflicts between an investor’s home country and cither the issuer’s home country or the country where an issuer branch is located are not incorporated into Moody’s ratings.

Moody’s makes no representation that rated bank obligations or insurance company obligations are exempt from registration under the Securities Act or issued in conformity with any other applicable law or regulation. Nor does Moody’s represent that any specific bank or insurance company obligation is legally enforceable or a valid senior obligation of a rated issuer.

Moody’s applies numerical modifiers, 1,2, and 3 in each generic rating classified from Aa through Caa in its corporate bond rating system. The modifier 1 indicates that the security ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates that the issue ranks in the lower end of its generic rating category.

Corporate Short-Term Debt Ratings

Moody’s short-term debt ratings are opinions of the ability of issuers to repay punctually senior debt obligations. These obligations have an original maturity not exceeding one year, unless explicitly noted.

Moody’s employs the following three designations, all judged to be investment-grade, to indicate the relative repayment ability of rated issuers:

 

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PRIME-1: Issuers rated Prime-1 (or supporting institutions) have a superior ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. Prime-1 repayment ability will often be evidenced by many of the following characteristics: leading market positions in well-established industries; high rates of return on funds employed: conservative capitalization structure with moderate reliance on debt and ample asset protection; broad margins in earnings coverage of fixed financial charges and high internal cash generation; and well-established access to a range of financial markets and assured sources of alternate liquidity.

PRIME-2: Issuers rated Prime-2 (or supporting institutions) have a strong ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. This will normally be evidenced by many of the characteristics cited above but to a lesser degree. Earnings trends and coverage ratios, while sound, may be more subject to variation. Capitalization characteristics, while still appropriate, may be more affected by external conditions. Ample alternate liquidity is maintained.

PRIME-3: Issuers rated Prime-3 (or supporting institutions) have an acceptable ability for repayment of senior short-term obligations. The effect of industry characteristics and market compositions may be more pronounced. Variability in earnings and profitability may result in changes in the level of debt protection measurements and may require relatively high financial leverage. Adequate alternate liquidity is maintained.

NOT PRIME: Issuers rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.

Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services

Issue Credit Rating Definitions

A Standard & Poor’s issue credit rating is a current opinion of the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation, a specific class of financial obligations, or a specific financial program (including ratings on medium term note programs and commercial paper programs). It takes into consideration the creditworthiness of guarantors, insurers, or other forms of credit enhancement on the obligation and takes into account the currency in which the obligation is denominated. The issue credit rating is not a recommendation to purchase, sell, or hold a financial obligation, inasmuch as it does not comment as to market price or suitability for a particular investor.

Issue credit ratings are based on current information furnished by the obligors or obtained by Standard & Poor’s from other sources it considers reliable. Standard & Poor’s does not perform an audit in connection with any credit rating and may, on occasion, rely on unaudited financial information. Credit ratings may be changed, suspended, or withdrawn as a result of changes in, or unavailability of, such information, or based on other circumstances.

Issue credit ratings can be either long-term or short-term. Short-term ratings are generally assigned to those obligations considered short term in the relevant market. In the U.S., for example, that means obligations with an original maturity of no more than 365 days, including commercial paper. Short-term ratings are also used to indicate the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to put features on long-term obligations. The result is a dual rating, in which the short-term rating addresses the put feature, in addition to the usual long-term rating. Medium-term notes are assigned long-term ratings.

 

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Issue credit ratings are based, in varying degrees, on the following considerations: likelihood of payment - capacity and willingness of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on an obligation in accordance with the terms of the obligation: nature of and provisions of the obligation; protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting creditors’ rights.

The issue rating definitions are expressed in terms of default risk. As such, they pertain to senior obligations of an entity. Junior obligations are typically rated lower than senior obligations, to reflect the lower priority in bankruptcy, as noted above. (Such differentiation applies when an entity has both senior and subordinated obligations, secured and unsecured obligations, or operating company and holding company obligations.) Accordingly, in the case of junior debt the rating may not conform exactly with the category definition.

Corporate and Municipal Bond Ratings

Investment-grade

AAA: An obligation rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor’s. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.

AA: An obligation rated ‘AA’ differs from the highest rated obligations only in small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.

A: An obligation rated ‘A’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.

BBB: An obligation rated ‘BBS’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

Speculative Grade

Obligations rated ‘BB’, ‘B’, ‘CCC’, ‘CC’ and ‘C’ are regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal. BB indicates the least degree of speculation and C the highest. While such debt will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.

BB: An obligation rated ‘BB’ is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

B: An obligation rated ‘B’ is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated ‘BB’, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

 

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CCC: An obligation rated ‘CCC’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

CC: An obligation rated ‘CC’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment.

C: A subordinated debt or preferred stock obligation rated ‘C’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The ‘C’ rating may be used to cover a situation where a bankruptcy petition has been filed or similar action taken, but payments on this obligation are being continued. A ‘C’ also will be assigned to a preferred stock issue in arrears on dividends or sinking fund payments, but that is currently paying.

D: An obligation rated ‘D’ is in payment default. The ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poor’s believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.

Plus (+) or Minus (–): The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

Provisional ratings: The letter “p” indicates that the rating is provisional. A provisional rating assumes the successful completion of the project being financed by the debt being rated and indicates that payment of debt service requirements is largely or entirely dependent upon the successful and timely completion of the project. This rating, however, while addressing credit quality subsequent to completion of the project, makes no comment on the likelihood of, or the risk of default upon failure of, such completion. The investor should exercise his own judgment with respect to such likelihood and risk.

r: This symbol is attached to the ratings of instruments with significant noncredit risks. It highlights risks to principal or volatility of expected returns which are not addressed in the credit rating. Examples include: obligations linked or indexed to equities, currencies, or commodities; obligations exposed to severe prepayment risk - such as interest-only or principal-only mortgage securities; and obligations with unusually risky interest terms, such as inverse floaters.

The absence of an “r” symbol should not be taken as an indication that an obligation will exhibit no volatility or variability in total return.

N.R.: This indicates that no rating has been requested, that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that Standard & Poor’s does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy.

Debt obligations of issuers outside the United States and its territories are rated on the same basis as domestic corporate and municipal issues. The ratings measure the creditworthiness of the obligor but do not take into account currency exchange and related uncertainties.

 

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Commercial Paper Rating Definitions

A Standard & Poor’s commercial paper rating is a current assessment of the likelihood of timely payment of debt having an original maturity of no more than 365 days. Ratings are graded into several categories, ranging from A for the highest quality obligations to D for the lowest. These categories are as follows:

A-1: A short-term obligation rated ‘A-1’ is rated in the highest category by Standard & Poor’s. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong.

A-2: A short-term obligation rated ‘A-2’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.

A-3: A short-term obligation rated ‘A-3’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

B: A short-term obligation rated ‘B’ is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

C: A short-term obligation rated ‘C’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

D: A short-term obligation rated ‘D’ is in payment default. The ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poor’s believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.

A commercial paper rating is not a recommendation to purchase, sell or hold a security inasmuch as it does not comment as to market price or suitability for a particular investor. The ratings are based on current information furnished to Standard & Poor’s by the issuer or obtained from other sources it considers reliable. Standard & Poor’s does not perform an audit in connection with any rating and may, on occasion, rely on unaudited financial information. The ratings may be changed, suspended, or withdrawn as a result of changes in or unavailability of such information.

Fitch Investor Services, Inc

Credit Ratings

Fitch’s credit ratings provide an opinion on the relative ability of an entity to meet financial commitments, such as interest, preferred dividends, repayment of principal, insurance claims or

 

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counterparty obligations. Credit ratings are used by investors as indications of the likelihood of receiving their money back in accordance with the terms on which they invested. Fitch’s credit ratings cover the global spectrum of corporate, sovereign (including supranational and sub-national), financial, bank, insurance, municipal and other public finance entities and the securities or other obligations they issue, as well as structured finance securities backed by receivables or other financial assets.

The use of credit ratings defines their function: “investment grade” ratings (international Long-term ‘AAA’ to ‘BBB-’ categories; Short-term ‘F1’ to ‘F3’) indicate relatively low to moderate credit risk, while those in the “speculative” or “non investment grade” categories (international Long-term ‘BB+’ to ‘D’; Short-term ‘B’ to ‘D’) either signal a higher level of credit risk or that a default has already occurred. Credit ratings express risk in relative rank order, which is to say they are ordinal measures of credit risk and are not predictive of a specific frequency of default or loss.

Depending on their application, credit ratings address benchmark measures of probability of default as well relative expectations of loss given default. For example, issuers are typically assigned Issuer Default Ratings that are relative measures of default probability. Similarly, short-term credit ratings give primary consideration to the likelihood that obligations will be met on a timely basis. Securities, however, are rated taking into consideration probability of default and loss given default. As a result, for entities such as corporations security ratings may be rated higher, lower or the same as the issuer rating to reflect expectations of the security’s relative recovery prospects, as well as differences in ability and willingness to pay. While recovery analysis plays an important role throughout the ratings scale, it becomes a more critical consideration for below investment-grade securities and obligations, particularly at the lower end of the non-investment-grade ratings scale where Fitch often publishes actual Recovery Ratings, that are complementary to the credit ratings.

Structured finance ratings typically are assigned to each individual security or tranche in a transaction, and not to an issuer. Each structured finance tranche is rated on the basis of various stress scenarios in combination with its relative seniority, prioritization of cash flows and other structural mechanisms.

International Long-Term Credit Ratings

International Long-Term Credit Ratings (LTCR) may also be referred to as Long-Term Ratings. When assigned to most issuers, it is used as a benchmark measure of probability of default and is formally described as an Issuer Default Rating (IDR). The major exception is within Public Finance, where IDRs will not be assigned as market convention has always focused on timeliness and does not draw analytical distinctions between issuers and their underlying obligations. When applied to issues or securities, the LTCR may be higher or lower than the issuer rating (IDR) to reflect relative differences in recovery expectations.

 

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The following rating scale applies to foreign currency and local currency ratings:

Investment Grade

AAA

Highest credit quality. ‘AAA’ ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in case of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.

AA

Very high credit quality. ‘AA’ ratings denote expectations of very low credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.

A

High credit quality. ‘A’ ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to changes in circumstances or in economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.

BBB

Good credit quality. ‘BBB’ ratings indicate that there is currently expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse changes in circumstances and economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity. This is the lowest investment grade category.

Speculative Grade

BB

Speculative

‘BB’ ratings indicate that there is a possibility of credit risk developing, particularly as the result of adverse economic change over time; however, business or financial alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met. Securities rated in this category are not investment grade.

B

Highly speculative

For issuers and performing obligations, ‘B’ ratings indicate that significant credit risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is contingent upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment.

For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for extremely high recoveries. Such obligations would possess a Recovery Rating of ‘R1’ (outstanding).

CCC

For issuers and performing obligations, default is a real possibility. Capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon sustained, favorable business or economic conditions.

 

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For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for average to superior levels of recovery. Differences in credit quality may be denoted by plus/minus distinctions. Such obligations typically would possess a Recovery Rating of ‘R2’ (superior), or ‘R3’ (good) or ‘R4’ (average).

CC

For issuers and performing obligations, default of some kind appears probable.

For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with a Recovery Rating of ‘R4’ (average) or ‘R5’ (below average).

C

For issuers and performing obligations, default is imminent.

For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for below-average to poor recoveries. Such obligations would possess a Recovery Rating of ‘R6’ (poor).

RD

Indicates an entity that has failed to make due payments (within the applicable grace period) on some but not all material financial obligations, but continues to honor other classes of obligations.

D

Indicates an entity or sovereign that has defaulted on all of its financial obligations. Default generally is defined as one of the following:

 

   

failure of an obligor to make timely payment of principal and/or interest under the contractual terms of any financial obligation;

   

the bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other winding-up or cessation of business of an obligor; or

   

the distressed or other coercive exchange of an obligation, where creditors were offered securities with diminished structural or economic terms compared with the existing obligation.

Default ratings are not assigned prospectively; within this context, non-payment on an instrument that contains a deferral feature or grace period will not be considered a default until after the expiration of the deferral or grace period.

Issuers will be rated ‘D’ upon a default. Defaulted and distressed obligations typically are rated along the continuum of ‘C’ to ‘B’ ratings categories, depending upon their recovery prospects and other relevant characteristics. Additionally, in structured finance transactions, where analysis indicates that an instrument is irrevocably impaired such that it is not expected to meet pay interest and or principal in full in accordance with the terms of the obligation’s documentation during the life of the transaction, but where no payment default in accordance with the terms of the documentation is imminent, the obligation may be rated in the ‘B’ or ‘CCC-C’ categories.

 

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Default is determined by reference to the terms of the obligations’ documentation. Fitch will assign default ratings where it has reasonably determined that payment has not been made on a material obligation in accordance with the requirements of the obligation’s documentation, or where it believes that default ratings consistent with Fitch’s published definition of default are the most appropriate ratings to assign.

International Short-Term Credit Ratings

The following ratings scale applies to foreign currency and local currency ratings. A Short-term rating has a time horizon of less than 13 months for most obligations, or up to three years for US public finance, in line with industry standards, to reflect unique risk characteristics of bond, tax, and revenue anticipation notes that are commonly issued with terms up to three years. Short-term ratings thus place greater emphasis on the liquidity necessary to meet financial commitments in a timely manner.

F1

Highest credit quality. Indicates the strongest capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added “+” to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.

F2

Good credit quality. A satisfactory capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, but the margin of safety is not as great as in the case of the higher ratings.

F3

Fair credit quality. The capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate; however, near term adverse changes could result in a reduction to non investment grade.

B

Speculative. Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.

C

High default risk. Default is a real possibility. Capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment.

RD

Indicates an entity that has defaulted on one or more of its financial commitments, although it continues to meet other obligations.

D

Indicates an entity or sovereign that has defaulted on all of its financial obligations.

 

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Notes to International Long-Term and Short-Term ratings:

The modifiers “+” or “–” may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the ‘AAA’ Long-term rating category, to categories below ‘CCC’ or to Short-term ratings other than ‘Fl’. (The +/– modifiers are only used to denote issues within the CCC category, whereas issuers are only rated CCC without the use of modifiers.)

Rating Watch: Ratings are placed on Rating Watch to notify investors that there is a reasonable probability of a rating change and the likely direction of such change. These are designated as “Positive,” indicating a potential upgrade, “Negative,” for a potential downgrade, or “Evolving,” if ratings may be raised, lowered or maintained. Rating Watch is typically resolved over a relatively short period.

Rating Outlook: An Outlook indicates the direction a rating is likely to move over a one to two-year period. Outlooks may be positive, stable or negative. A positive or negative Rating Outlook does not imply a rating change is inevitable. Similarly, ratings for which outlooks are “stable” could be upgraded or downgraded before an outlook moves to positive or negative if circumstances warrant such an action. Occasionally, Fitch Ratings may be unable to identify the fundamental trend. In these cases, the Rating Outlook may be described as evolving.

Program ratings (such as the those assigned to MTN shelf registrations) relate only to standard issues made under the program concerned: it should not be assumed that these ratings apply to every issue made under the program. In particular, in the case of non-standard issues, i.e. those that are linked to the credit of a third party or linked to the performance of an index, ratings of these issues may deviate from the applicable program rating.

Variable rate demand obligations and other securities which contain a short-term “put” or other similar demand feature will have a dual rating, such as AAA/F1+. The first rating reflects the ability to meet long-term principal and interest payments, whereas the second rating reflects the ability to honor the demand feature in full and on time.

Interest Only

Interest Only ratings are assigned to interest strips. These ratings do not address the possibility that a security holder might fail to recover some or all of its initial investment due to voluntary or involuntary principal repayments.

Principal Only

Principal Only ratings address the likelihood that a security holder will receive their initial principal investment either before or by the scheduled maturity date.

Rate of Return

Ratings also may be assigned to gauge the likelihood of an investor receiving a certain predetermined internal rate of return without regard to the precise timing of any cash flows.

 

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‘PIF’

Paid-in-Full: denotes a security that is paid-in-full, matured, called, or refinanced.

‘NR’ indicates that Fitch Ratings does not rate the issuer or issue in question.

‘Withdrawn’: A rating is withdrawn when Fitch Ratings deems the amount of information available to be inadequate for rating purposes, or when an obligation matures, is called, or refinanced, or for any other reason Fitch Ratings deems sufficient.

 

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APPENDIX B

ALPS Advisors, Inc.

Proxy Voting Policy, Procedures and Guidelines

Overview

An investment adviser that exercises voting authority over clients’ proxies must adopt written policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that those proxies are voted in the best economic interests of clients. An adviser’s policies and procedures must address how the adviser resolves material conflicts of interest between its interests and those of its clients. An investment adviser must comply with certain record keeping and disclosure requirements with respect to its proxy voting responsibilities. In addition, an investment adviser to ERISA accounts has an affirmative obligation to vote proxies for an ERISA account, unless the client expressly retains proxy voting authority.

Policy Summary

With all advisory clients of AAI currently being investment companies registered under the 1940 Act, any assignment of voting authority over the Funds’ voting securities is typically delegated to AAI as the Funds’ investment adviser, or the Funds’ sub-adviser by the respective Funds’ Board of Trustees/Directors. If the Funds’ day-to-day investment decisions are performed by the Funds’ investment sub-adviser(s), Funds’ Board of Trustees/Directors may elect to delegate the responsibility of voting proxies to such sub-adviser to be voted in accordance to the sub-adviser’s proxy voting policies and procedures in conformance with Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. For securities in the portfolio of a Fund that is managed by more than one sub-adviser, each sub-adviser shall make voting decisions pursuant to their own proxy voting policies and procedures, as adopted in conformance with the Advisers Act for their respective portions of the Fund’s portfolio, unless directed otherwise.

ALPS Advisors, Inc. (“AAI”) has adopted and implemented the following policies and procedures, which it believes are reasonably designed to: (1) ensure that proxies are voted in the best economic interest of clients and (2) address material conflicts of interest that may arise. AAI will provide clients with a copy of its policies and procedures, as they may be updated from time to time, upon request. Information regarding AAI’s proxy voting decisions is confidential. Therefore, the information may be shared on a need to know basis only, including within AAI. Advisory clients may obtain information on how their proxies were voted by AAI. However, AAI will not selectively disclose its investment company clients’ proxy voting records to third parties; the investment company clients’ proxy records will be disclosed to shareholders by publicly-available annual filings of each investment company’s proxy voting record for 12-month periods ending June 30th.

POLICY:

All proxies regarding client securities for which AAI has authority to vote will, unless AAI determines in accordance with policies stated below to refrain from voting, be voted in a manner considered by AAI to be in the best interest of AAI’s clients.. The best interest of clients is defined for this purpose as the interest of enhancing or protecting the economic value of client accounts, considered as a group rather than individually, as AAI determines in its sole and absolute discretion. There may also be instances where a fund relies upon Section 12(d)(1)(F), and by law, the fund may be required to vote proxies in the same proportion as the vote of all other shareholders of the acquired fund (i.e., “echo vote”). In the event a client believes that its other interests require a different vote, AAI will vote as the client clearly instructs, provided AAI receives such instructions in time to act accordingly.

AAI endeavors to vote, in accordance with this Policy, all proxies of which it becomes aware, subject to the following general exceptions (unless otherwise agreed) when AAI expects to routinely refrain from voting:

 

  i. Proxies will usually not be voted in cases where the security has been loaned from the Client’s account and subsequently, AAI determines that the type of proxy issue is not material to shareholders. AAI will utilize the below considerations to determine if a security then on loan should be recalled for voting purposes. Decisions will generally be made on a case-by-case basis depending on whether, in AAI’s judgment,:

 

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    the matter to be voted on has critical significance to the potential value of the security in question;
    the security represents a significant holding and whether the security is considered a long-term holding; and
    AAI believes it can recall the security in time to cast the vote.

 

  ii. Proxies will usually not be voted in cases where AAI deems the costs to the Client and/or the administrative inconvenience of voting the security outweigh the benefit of doing so (e.g., international issuers which impose share blocking restrictions).

AAI seeks to avoid the occurrence of actual or apparent material conflicts of interest in the proxy voting process by voting in accordance with predetermined voting guidelines and observing other procedures that are intended to guard against and manage conflicts of interest (refer to Section III, Conflicts of Interest below).

PROCEDURES AND CONTROLS:

AAI has adopted the following proxy voting procedures and controls for any client securities which AAI has authority to vote on. Where proxy voting is delegated to the sub-adviser, the sub-adviser will adopt proxy voting policies and procedures in accordance in conformance with Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended.

I. PROXY COMMITTEE

AAI has established a Proxy Committee whose standing members include Chief Compliance Officer, Deputy Chief Compliance Officer, Chief Investment Officer, Vice President, and Senior Vice President and Director of Index Management & Product Oversight. These members participate as voting authorities on the Committee. Each standing member may designate a senior portfolio manager or a senior analyst officer to act as a substitute in a given matter on their behalf. Additionally, the Proxy Committee regularly involves other associates (e.g., Fund CCO or Legal representative) who participate as needed to enable effective execution of the Committee’s responsibilities.

The Proxy Committee’s functions include, in part,

(a) direction of the vote on proposals where there has been a recommendation to the Proxy Committee not to vote according to the predetermined Voting Guidelines (stated in Appendix A) or on proposals which require special, individual consideration in accordance with Section IV.C;

(b) review periodically this Proxy Voting Policy and Procedure to ensure consistency with internal policies, client disclosures and regulatory requirements;

(c) development and modification of Voting Procedures, as stated in Section VI, as it deems appropriate or necessary.

II. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

For purposes of this policy, a material conflict of interest is a relationship or activity engaged in by AAI, an AAI affiliate, or an AAI associate that creates an incentive (or appearance thereof) to favor the interests of AAI, the affiliate, or associate, rather than the clients’ interests. For example, AAI may have a conflict of interest if either AAI has a significant business relationship with a company that is soliciting a proxy, or if an AAI associate involved in the proxy voting decision-making process has a significant personal or family relationship with the particular company. A conflict of interest is considered to be “material” to the extent that a reasonable person could expect the conflict to influence AAI’s decision on the particular vote at issue. In all cases where there is deemed to be a material conflict of interest, AAI will seek to resolve it in the clients’ best interests.

AAI follows the proxy guidelines and uses other research services provided by Institutional Shareholder Services, Inc. (“ISS”) or another independent third party. In providing proxy voting services to AAI, ISS provides vote recommendations on a pre-determined policy. Generally, AAI will vote proxies based on ISS’ pre-determined voting policy. In doing so, AAI demonstrates that its vote would not be a product of a conflict of interest as AAI would have little or no discretion on how the proxy was voted.

 

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AAI has undertaken a review of ISS’ conflicts of interest procedures, and will continue to monitor them on an ongoing basis. In the event that AAI determines that it would be appropriate to use another third party, it will undertake a similar conflicts of interest assessment review.

 

III. PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES

A. AAI’s Proxy Voting Guidelines – General Practices.

The Proxy Committee has adopted the guidelines for voting proxies specified in Appendix A of this policy. AAI will use an independent, third-party vendor to implement its proxy voting process as AAI’s proxy voting agent. In general, whenever a vote is solicited, ISS or another independent third party will execute the vote according to AAI’s Voting Guidelines.

B. Ability to Vote Proxies Other than as Provided by Voting Guidelines.

A portfolio manager or other party involved with a client’s account may conclude that the best interest of the firm’s client, as defined above, requires that a proxy be voted in a manner that differs from the predetermined proxy Voting Guidelines. In this situation, he or she will request that the Proxy Committee consider voting the proxy other than according to such Guidelines. If any person, group, or entity requests the Proxy Committee (or any of its members) vote a proxy other than according to the predetermined Voting Guidelines, that person will furnish to the Proxy Committee a written explanation of the reasons for the request and a description of the person’s, group’s, or entity’s relationship, if any, with the parties proposing and/or opposing the matter’s adoption. The Proxy Committee may consider the matter including any potential conflicts of interest. A research analyst or portfolio manager must disclose in in writing any inappropriate attempt to influence their recommendation or any other personal interest that they have with the issuer (see Conflicts of Interest Disclosure and Certification Form - Appendix B to this policy).

C. Other Proxy Proposals

For the following categories of proposals either the Proxy Committee will determine how proxies related to all such proposals will be voted, or the proxies will be voted in accordance with ISS’ or an individual client’s guidelines.

1. New Proposals. For each new type of proposal that is expected to be proposed to shareholders of multiple companies, the Proxy Committee will develop a Voting Guideline which will be incorporated into this Policy.

2. Accounts Adhering to Taft Hartley Principles. All proposals for these accounts will be voted according to the Taft Hartley Guidelines developed by ISS.

3. Accounts Adhering to Socially Responsible Principles. All proposals for these accounts will be voted according to the Socially Responsible Guidelines developed by ISS or as specified by the client.

4. Proxies of International Issuers which Block Securities Sales between the Time a Shareholder submits a Proxy and the Vote. In general, AAI will refrain from voting such securities. However, in the exceptional circumstances that AAI determines that it would be appropriate to vote such proxies, all proposals for these securities will be voted only on the specific instruction of the Proxy Committee and to the extent practicable in accordance with the Voting Guidelines set forth in this Policy.

5. Proxies of Investment Company Shares. Proposals on issues other than those specified in Section IV.A will be voted on the specific instruction of the Proxy Committee.

6. Executive/Director Compensation. Except as provided in Section IV.A, proposals relating to compensation of any executive or director will be voted as recommended by ISS or as otherwise directed by the Proxy Committee.

7. Preemptive Rights. Proposals to create or eliminate shareholder preemptive rights. In evaluating these proposals the Proxy Committee will consider the size of the company and the nature of its shareholder base.

 

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IV. VOTING PROCEDURES

The Proxy Committee has developed the following procedures to aid the voting of proxies according to the Voting Guidelines. The Proxy Committee may revise these procedures from time to time, as it deems necessary or appropriate to affect the purposes of this Policy.

 

  1. AAI will use an independent, third-party vendor, to implement its proxy voting process as AAI’s proxy voting agent. This retention is subject to AAI continuously assessing the vendor’s independence from AAI and its affiliates, and the vendor’s ability to perform its responsibilities (and, especially, its responsibility to vote client proxies in accordance with AAI’s proxy voting guidelines) free of any actual, potential or apparent material conflicts of interests that may arise between the interests of the vendor, its affiliates, the vendor’s other clients and the owners, officers or employees of any such firm, on the one hand, and AAI’s clients, on the other hand. As means of performing this assessment, AAI will require various reports and notices from the vendor, as well as periodic audits of the vendor’s voting record and other due diligence.

 

  2. ISS will provide proxy analysis and record keeping services in addition to voting proxies on behalf of AAI in accordance with this Policy.

 

  3. On a daily basis, AAI or designee will send to ISS a holdings file detailing each equity holding held in all accounts over which AAI has voting authority.

 

  4. AAI will complete a Vote Authorization Registration with ISS for any new client which will describe how ballots will be executed on behalf of the client. In addition, AAI will complete and provide the client’s custodian bank with a Letter of Authorization. The letter will serve as notice that AAI has retained ISS to act as the voting agent for the securities held in the client’s account and will instruct the custodian bank to forward all ballots, meeting notices, and other proxy materials to ISS.

 

  5. ISS will receive proxy material information from Proxy Edge or the custodian bank for the account. This will include issues to be voted upon, together with a breakdown of holdings for AAI accounts. ISS will then reconcile information it receives from Proxy Edge and custodian banks. Any discrepancies will be promptly noted and resolved by ISS, with notice to AAI.

 

  6. Whenever a vote is solicited, ISS will execute the vote according to AAI’s Voting Guidelines which will be delivered by AAI to ISS as set forth in Appendix A and anytime there is a material change to these guidelines.

 

  ¡  If ISS is unsure how to vote a particular proxy, ISS will issue a request for voting instructions to AAI over a secure website. AAI personnel will check this website regularly. The request will be accompanied by a recommended vote. The recommended vote will be based upon ISS’ understanding of the Voting Guidelines previously delivered to ISS. AAI will promptly provide ISS with any amendments or modifications to the Voting Guidelines if necessary. AAI will return a final instruction to vote to ISS, which ISS will record with Proxy Edge or the custodian bank as our agent.

 

  7. Each time that ISS sends AAI a request to vote, the request will be accompanied by the recommended vote determined in accordance with AAI’s Voting Guidelines. ISS will vote as indicated in the request unless the client has reserved discretion, the Proxy Committee determines that the best interest of clients requires another vote, or the proposal is a matter as to which the Proxy Committee affords special, individual consideration under Section IV.C. In such situations, ISS will vote based on the direction of the client or the Proxy Committee, as the case may be. The interests of AAI’s Taft Hartley or Socially Responsible clients may impact a proposal that normally should be voted in a certain way. ISS will inform AAI of all proposals having impact on its Taft Hartley and or Socially Responsible clients. The Proxy Voting Committee will be consulted before a vote is placed in cases where Taft Hartley or Socially Responsible issues are presented.

 

  8. ISS will have procedures in place to ensure that a vote is cast on every security holding maintained by AAI on which a vote is solicited unless otherwise directed by the Proxy Committee. On a yearly basis, or as required by our clients AAI will receive a report from ISS detailing AAI’s voting for the previous period.

 

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V. SUPERVISION

Managers and supervisory personnel are responsible for ensuring that their associates understand and follow this policy and any applicable procedures adopted by the business group to implement the policy. The Proxy Committee has ultimate responsibility for the implementation of this Policy.

VI. ESCALATION

With the exception of conflicts of interest-related matters, issues arising under this policy should be escalated to AAI’s CCO, or designee. Issues involving potential or actual conflicts of interest should be promptly communicated to Compliance or Legal. Compliance will notify the Fund Chief Compliance Officer(s), if a material conflict of interest has arisen that deems the attention of the respective Fund Board(s).

VII. MONITORING

AAI’s Compliance Department is primarily responsible for overseeing the day-to-day operations of the proxy voting process. The Compliance Department’s monitoring will take into account the following elements: (1) periodic review of ISS votes to ensure that ISS is accurately voting consistent with AAI’s Proxy Guidelines; and (2) review of fund’s N-PX report to ensure that it’s filed in a timely and accurate manner. Additionally, AAI will review ISS’ conflicts of interest policies.

AAI’s Compliance Committee monitors proxy matters for its clients including monitoring material conflicts of interest identified.

VIII. AVAILABILITY OF PROXY POLICY AND VOTING RECORD

A summary disclosure regarding the provisions of this Policy is available in AAI’s Form ADV. Upon receipt of a Client’s request for more information, AAI will provide to the Client a copy of this Policy and/or how AAI voted proxies for the Client pursuant to this Policy for up to a one-year period. It is AAI’s policy not to disclose how it voted a client’s proxy to third parties.

With respect to its investment company clients, AAI will not selectively disclose its investment company clients’ proxy voting records; rather, ALPS will disclose such information by publicly available annual filings. AAI will create and maintain records of each investment company’s proxy record for 12-month periods ended June 30th. AAI will compile the following information for each matter relating to a portfolio security considered at any shareholder meeting during the period covered by the annual report and which the company was entitled to vote:

 

    The name of the issuer of the security;

 

    The exchange ticker symbol of the portfolio security (is symbol is available through reasonably practicable means);

 

    The Council on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures number for the portfolio security (if number is available through reasonably practicable means);

 

    The shareholder meeting date;

 

    A brief identification of the matter voted on;

 

    Whether the matter was proposed by the issuer or by a security holder;

 

    Whether the company cast its vote on the matter;

 

    How the company cast its vote (e.g., for or against proposal, or abstain; for or withhold regarding the election of directors); and

 

    Whether the company cast its vote for or against management.

 

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OTHER RECORD KEEPING REQUIREMENTS

Business groups and support partners are responsible for maintaining all records necessary to evidence compliance with this policy. The records must be properly maintained and readily accessible in order to evidence compliance with this policy.

These records include:

 

    Proxy Committee Meeting Minutes and Other Materials (routine oversight matters are discussed within AAI’s Compliance Committee meetings and will be documented within the Compliance Committee’s materials);
    Analysis and Supporting Materials of Investment Management Personnel Concerning Proxy Decisions and Recommendations;
    Conflicts of Interest Review Documentation, including Conflicts of Interest Forms; and
    Client Communications Regarding Proxy Matters.

Records should be retained for a period of not less than six years. Records must be retained in an appropriate office of AAI for the first three years.

Dated: November 29, 2006

Last Amended: October 28, 2013

 

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Appendix A

Summary of Proxy Voting Guidelines

AAI has adopted Institutional Shareholder Services, Inc.’s (“ISS”) standard benchmark policy which allows ISS to apply the most appropriate underlying guideline for each respective ballot. ISS has created guidelines to cover the following markets: U.S., Canada, Europe, United Kingdom, and International. AAI retains the right to override any of ISS’ guidelines on a case-by-case basis. A concise summary of ISS’ current Proxy Voting Guidelines can be found at http://www.issgovernance.com/policy.

 

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Appendix B

Conflicts of Interest Disclosure Form

ALPS ADVISORS, INC.

PROXY VOTING CONFLICT OF INTEREST DISCLOSURE FORM

 

1. Company name:     
2. Date of Meeting:     
3. Referral Item(s):     
4. Description of AAI’s Business Relationship with Issuer of Proxy which may give rise to a conflict of interest:                 
      
      
5. Describe procedures used to address any conflict of interest:                                                                                                
      
      

Compliance will consider information about AAI’s significant business relationships, as well as other relevant information. The information considered by Compliance may include information regarding: (1) AAI client and other business relationships; (2) any relevant personal conflicts; and (3) communications between investment professionals and parties outside the AAI investment division regarding the proxy matter. Compliance will consult with relevant experts, including legal counsel, as necessary.

If Compliance determines that it reasonably believes (1) AAI has a material conflict of interest, or (2) certain individuals should be recused from participating in the proxy vote at issue, Compliance will inform the Chair of the Proxy Committee. Where a material conflict of interest is determined to have arisen in the proxy voting process, AAI’s policy is to invoke one or more of the following conflict management procedures:

 

  a. Causing the proxies to be voted in accordance with the recommendations of an independent third party (which generally will be AAI’s proxy voting agent);
  b. Causing the proxies to be delegated to a qualified, independent third party, which may include AAI’s proxy voting agent.
  c. In unusual cases, with the Client’s consent and upon ample notice, forwarding the proxies to AAI’s clients so that they may vote the proxies directly.

Affiliate Investment Companies and Public Companies

AAI considers (1) proxies solicited by open-end and closed-end investment companies for which AAI or an affiliate serves as an investment adviser or principal underwriter to present a material conflict of interest for AAI. Consequently, the proxies of such affiliates will be voted following one of the conflict management procedures discussed above.

Management of Conflicts of Interest – Additional Procedures

AAI has various compliance policies and procedures in place in order to address any material conflicts of interest that might arise in this context.

 

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  a. AAI’s Code of Ethics affirmatively requires that associates of AAI act in a manner whereby no actual or apparent conflict of interest may be seen as arising between the associate’s interests and those of AAI’s Clients.

 

  b. By assuming his or her responsibilities pursuant to this Policy, each member of the Proxy Committee (including the chairperson) and any AAI or ALPS associate advising or acting under the supervision or oversight of the Proxy Committee undertakes:

 

    To disclose in writing to AAI’s Chief Compliance Officer any actual or apparent personal material conflicts of interest which he or she may have (e.g., by way of substantial ownership of securities, relationships with nominees for directorship, members of an issuer’s or dissident’s management or otherwise) in determining whether or how AAI will vote proxies. Additionally, each member must disclose any direct, indirect or perceived influence or attempt to influence such action which the member or associate views as being inconsistent with the purpose or provisions of this Policy or the Code of Ethics of AAI or ALPS. In the event any member of the Proxy Committee has a conflict of interest regarding a given matter, he or she will abstain from participating in the Committee’s determination of whether and/or how to vote in the matter; and

 

    To refrain from taking into consideration, in the decision as to whether or how AAI will vote proxies the existence of any current or prospective material business relationship between AAI, ALPS or any of their affiliates, on one hand, and any party (or its affiliates) that is soliciting or is otherwise interested in the proxies to be voted, on the other hand.

 

  c. In certain circumstances, AAI follows the proxy guidelines and uses other research services provided by Institutional Shareholder Services, Inc. (“ISS”) or another independent third party. AAI has undertaken a review of ISS’ conflicts of interest procedures, and will continue to monitor them on an ongoing basis. In the event that AAI determines that it would be appropriate to use another third party, it will undertake a similar conflicts of interest assessment review.

6. Describe any contacts from parties outside AAI (other than routine communications from proxy solicitors) with respect to the referral item not otherwise reported in an investment professional’s recommendation:

CERTIFICATION

The undersigned personnel of AAI certifies that, to the best of his/her knowledge, any recommendation of an investment professional provided under circumstances where a conflict of interest exists was made solely on the investment merits and without regard to any other consideration.

 

 

Name:

Title:

 

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Red Rocks Capital LLC

Proxy Voting Policy, Procedures and Guidelines

February 1, 2014

Overview

An investment adviser that exercises voting authority over clients’ proxies must adopt written policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that those proxies are voted in the best economic interests of clients. An adviser’s policies and procedures must address how the adviser resolves material conflicts of interest between its interests and those of its clients. An investment adviser must comply with certain record keeping and disclosure requirements with respect to its proxy voting responsibilities. In addition, an investment adviser to ERISA accounts has an affirmative obligation to vote proxies for an ERISA account, unless the client expressly retains proxy voting authority.

Policy Summary

Red Rocks Capital LLC (“RRC”) has adopted and implemented the following policies and procedures, which it believes are reasonably designed to: (1) ensure that proxies are voted in the best economic interest of clients and (2) address material conflicts of interest that may arise. RRC will provide clients with a copy of its policies and procedures, as they may be updated from time to time, upon request. Information regarding RRC’s proxy voting decisions is confidential. Therefore, the information may be shared on a need to know basis only, including within RRC. Advisory clients may obtain information on how their proxies were voted by RRC. However, RRC will not selectively disclose its investment company clients’ proxy voting records to third parties; the investment company clients’ proxy records will be disclosed to shareholders by publicly-available annual filings of each investment company’s proxy voting record for 12-month periods ending June 30th.

POLICY:

All proxies regarding client securities for which RRC has authority to vote will, unless RRC determines in accordance with policies stated below to refrain from voting, be voted in a manner considered by RRC to be in the best interest of RRC’s clients without regard to any resulting benefit or detriment to RRC or its affiliates. The best interest of clients is defined for this purpose as the interest of enhancing or protecting the economic value of client accounts, considered as a group rather than individually, as RRC determines in its sole and absolute discretion. In the event a client believes that its other interests require a different vote, RRC will vote as the client clearly instructs, provided RRC receives such instructions in time to act accordingly.

RRC endeavors to vote, in accordance with this Policy, all proxies of which it becomes aware, subject to the following general exceptions (unless otherwise agreed) when RRC expects to routinely refrain from voting:

 

  1. Proxies will usually not be voted in cases where the security has been loaned from the Client’s account.

 

  2. Proxies will usually not be voted in cases where RRC deems the costs to the Client and/or the administrative inconvenience of voting the security outweigh the benefit of doing so (e.g., international issuers which impose share blocking restrictions).

RRC seeks to avoid the occurrence of actual or apparent material conflicts of interest in the proxy voting process by voting in accordance with predetermined voting guidelines and observing other procedures that are intended to guard against and manage conflicts of interest (refer to Section III, Conflicts of Interest below).

 

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PROCEDURES AND CONTROLS:

I. PROXY COMMITTEE

RRC has established a Proxy Committee whose standing members will include the two Managing Directors, who participate as voting authorities on the Committee. Each standing member may designate a senior portfolio manager or a senior analyst to act as a substitute in a given matter on their behalf. Additionally, the Proxy Committee regularly involves other associates (e.g., Fund CCO or Legal representative) who participate as needed to enable effective execution of the Committee’s responsibilities.

The Proxy Committee’s functions include, in part,

(a) direction of the vote on proposals where there has been a recommendation to the Committee not to vote according to the predetermined Voting Guidelines (stated in Appendix A and Appendix B) or on proposals which require special, individual consideration in accordance with Section IV.C;

(b) review at least annually of this Proxy Voting Policy and Procedure to ensure consistency with internal policies, client disclosures and regulatory requirements;

(c) review at least annually of existing Voting Guidelines and the need for development of additional Voting Guidelines to assist in the review of proxy proposals; and

(d) development and modification of Voting Procedures, as stated in Section VI, as it deems appropriate or necessary.

II. RRC’S INVESTMENT ASSOCIATES

In considering a particular proxy matter, the research analyst or portfolio manager must vote in the clients’ best interest as defined above. Information regarding RRC’s proxy voting decisions is confidential information. Therefore, research analysts and portfolio managers generally must not discuss proxy votes with any person outside of RRC and within RRC on a need to know basis only.

Research analysts and portfolio managers must discharge their responsibilities consistent with the obligations set forth below (refer to Management of Conflicts of Interest – Additional Procedures). A research analyst or portfolio manager must disclose to RRC’s Chief Compliance Officer in writing any inappropriate attempt to influence their recommendation or any other personal interest that they have with the issuer (see Conflicts of Interest Disclosure and Certification Form - Appendix C to this policy). For each Proxy Referral (defined below), the research analyst or portfolio manager is responsible for memorializing their recommendation and communicating it to the Compliance Department.

Research analysts and portfolio managers should seek advice from Compliance or Legal with respect to any questions that they have regarding personal conflicts of interests, communications regarding proxies, or other related matters.

III. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

For purposes of this policy, a material conflict of interest is a relationship or activity engaged in by RRC, an RRC affiliate, or a RRC associate that creates an incentive (or appearance thereof) to favor the interests of RRC, the affiliate, or associate, rather than the clients’ interests. For example, RRC may have a conflict of interest if either RRC has a significant business relationship

 

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with a company that is soliciting a proxy, or if an RRC associate involved in the proxy voting decision-making process has a significant personal or family relationship with the particular company. A conflict of interest is considered to be “material” to the extent that a reasonable person could expect the conflict to influence RRC’s decision on the particular vote at issue. In all cases where there is deemed to be a material conflict of interest, RRC will seek to resolve it in the clients’ best interests.

For those proxy proposals that: (1) are not addressed by RRC’s proxy voting guidelines; (2) the guidelines specify the issue must be evaluated and determined on a case-by-case basis; or (3) an RRC investment associate believes that an exception to the guidelines may be in the best economic interest of RRC’s clients (collectively, “Proxy Referrals”), RRC may vote the proxy, subject to the conflicts of interest procedures set forth below.

In the case of Proxy Referrals, Compliance will collect and review any information deemed reasonably appropriate to evaluate if RRC or any person participating in the proxy voting decision-making process has, or has the appearance of, a material conflict of interest. RRC investment personnel involved in the particular Proxy Referral must report any personal conflict of interest circumstances to RRC’s Chief Compliance Officer in writing (see Appendix C - “Conflicts of Interest Disclosure and Certification Form”). Compliance will consider information about RRC’s significant business relationships, as well as other relevant information. The information considered by Compliance may include information regarding: (1) RRC client and other business relationships; (2) any relevant personal conflicts; and (3) communications between investment professionals and parties outside the RRC investment division regarding the proxy matter. Compliance will consult with relevant experts, including legal counsel, as necessary.

If Compliance determines that it reasonably believes (1) RRC has a material conflict of interest, or (2) certain individuals should be excused from participating in the proxy vote at issue, Compliance will inform one of the standing members of the Proxy Committee. Where a material conflict of interest is determined to have arisen in the proxy voting process, RRC’s policy is to invoke one or more of the following conflict management procedures:

 

  1. Causing the proxies to be voted in accordance with the recommendations of an independent third party (which generally will be RRC’s proxy voting agent);
  2. Causing the proxies to be delegated to a qualified, independent third party, which may include RRC’s proxy voting agent.
  3. In unusual cases, with the Client’s consent and upon ample notice, forwarding the proxies to RRC’s clients so that they may vote the proxies directly.

Affiliate Investment Companies and Public Companies

RRC considers proxies solicited by open-end and closed-end investment companies for which RRC or an affiliate serves as an investment adviser or principal underwriter to present a material conflict of interest for RRC. Consequently, the proxies of such affiliates will be voted following one of the conflict management procedures discussed above.

Management of Conflicts of Interest – Additional Procedures

RRC has various compliance policies and procedures in place in order to address any material conflicts of interest that might arise in this context.

 

  1. RRC’s Code of Ethics affirmatively requires that associates of RRC act in a manner whereby no actual or apparent conflict of interest may be seen as arising between the associate’s interests and those of RRC’s Clients.

 

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  2. By assuming his or her responsibilities pursuant to this Policy, each member of the Proxy Committee and any RRC associate advising or acting under the supervision or oversight of the Proxy Committee undertakes:

 

    To disclose in writing to RRC’s Chief Compliance Officer any actual or apparent personal material conflicts of interest which he or she may have (e.g., by way of substantial ownership of securities, relationships with nominees for directorship, members of an issuer’s or dissident’s management or otherwise) in determining whether or how RRC will vote proxies. Additionally, each member must disclose any direct, indirect or perceived influence or attempt to influence such action which the member or associate views as being inconsistent with the purpose or provisions of this Policy or the Code of Ethics of RRC. In the event any member of the Proxy Committee has a conflict of interest regarding a given matter, he or she will abstain from participating in the Committee’s determination of whether and/or how to vote in the matter; and

 

    To refrain from taking into consideration, in the decision as to whether or how RRC will vote proxies the existence of any current or prospective material business relationship between RRC or any of their affiliates, on one hand, and any party (or its affiliates) that is soliciting or is otherwise interested in the proxies to be voted, on the other hand.

 

  3. In certain circumstances, RRC follows the proxy guidelines and uses other research services provided by Institutional Shareholder Services, Inc. (“ISS”) or another independent third party. In the event that RRC determines that it would be appropriate to use another third party, it will undertake a similar conflicts of interest assessment review.

 

  4. Any potential conflict of interest should be reported on the Conflicts of Interest Disclosure Form (Appendix C).

 

IV. PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES

A. RRC’s Proxy Voting Guidelines – General Practices.

The Proxy Committee has adopted the guidelines for voting proxies specified in Appendix A (The ISS Governance 2014 U.S. Proxy Voting Guidelines Summary) and in Appendix B (The ISS Governance 2014 International Proxy Voting Guidelines Summary). RRC uses an independent, third-party vendor (currently ISS Governance) to implement its proxy voting process as RRC’s proxy voting agent. In general, whenever a vote is solicited, ISS Governance will execute the vote according to RRC’s Voting Guidelines (which generally follow ISS recommendations).

B. Ability to Vote Proxies Other than as Provided by Voting Guidelines.

A Portfolio Manager or other party involved with a client’s account may conclude that the best interest of the firm’s client, as defined above, requires that a proxy be voted in a manner that differs from the predetermined proxy Voting Guidelines. In this situation, he or she will document why such proxy should be voted other than according to such Guidelines. If any person, group,

 

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or entity requests the Proxy Committee (or any of its members) vote a proxy other than according to the predetermined Voting Guidelines, that person will furnish to the Proxy Committee a written explanation of the reasons for the request and a description of the person’s, group’s, or entity’s relationship, if any, with the parties proposing and/or opposing the matter’s. The Proxy Committee may consider the matter, subject to the conflicts of interest procedures discussed above.

C. Other Proxy Proposals

For the following categories of proposals either the Proxy Committee will determine how proxies related to all such proposals will be voted, or the proxies will generally be voted in accordance with ISS’ or an individual client’s guidelines.

1. New Proposals. For each new type of proposal that is expected to be proposed to shareholders of multiple companies, the Proxy Committee will develop a Voting Guideline which will be incorporated into this Policy.

2. Accounts Adhering to Taft Hartley Principles. All proposals for these accounts will be voted according to the Taft Hartley Guidelines developed by ISS.

3. Accounts Adhering to Socially Responsible Principles. All proposals for these accounts will be voted according to the Socially Responsible Guidelines developed by ISS or as specified by the client.

4. Proxies of International Issuers which Block Securities Sales between the Time a Shareholder submits a Proxy and the Vote. In general, RRC will refrain from voting such securities so that it may trade them during any such blocked period. However, in the exceptional circumstances that RRC determines that it would be appropriate to vote such proxies, all proposals for these securities will be voted only on the specific instruction of the Proxy Committee and to the extent practicable in accordance with the Voting Guidelines set forth in this Policy.

5. Proxies of Investment Company Shares. Proposals on issues other than those specified in Section IV.A will be voted on the specific instruction of the Proxy Committee.

6. Executive/Director Compensation. Except as provided in Section IV.A, proposals relating to compensation of any executive or director will be voted as recommended by ISS or as otherwise directed by the Proxy Committee.

7. Preemptive Rights. Proposals to create or eliminate shareholder preemptive rights. In evaluating these proposals the Proxy Committee will consider the size of the company and the nature of its shareholder base.

V. VOTING PROCEDURES

The Proxy Committee has developed the following procedures to aid the voting of proxies according to the Voting Guidelines. The Proxy Committee may revise these procedures from time to time, as it deems necessary or appropriate to affect the purposes of this Policy.

 

  1.

RRC will use an independent, third-party vendor, to implement its proxy voting process as RRC’s proxy voting agent. This retention is subject to RRC continuously assessing the vendor’s independence from RRC and its affiliates, and the vendor’s ability to perform

 

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its responsibilities (and, especially, its responsibility to vote client proxies in accordance with RRC’s proxy voting guidelines) free of any actual, potential or apparent material conflicts of interests that may arise between the interests of the vendor, its affiliates, the vendor’s other clients and the owners, officers or employees of any such firm, on the one hand, and RRC’s clients, on the other hand. As means of performing this assessment, RRC will require various reports and notices from the vendor, as well as periodic audits of the vendor’s voting record and other due diligence.

 

2. The proxy vendor will provide proxy analysis and record keeping services in addition to voting proxies on behalf of RRC in accordance with this Policy.

 

3. On a weekly basis, RRC will send to the proxy vendor a holdings file detailing each equity holding held in all accounts over which RRC has voting authority.

 

4. RRC will receive proxy material information from the proxy vendor. This will include issues to be voted upon, together with a breakdown of holdings for RRC accounts.

 

5. Whenever a vote is solicited, the proxy vendor will execute the vote according to RRC’s Voting Guidelines which generally follow the ISS recommendations as set forth in Appendix A and Appendix B.
  ¡  If the proxy vendor is unsure how to vote a particular proxy, it will issue a request for voting instructions to RRC over a secure website. RRC personnel will check this website regularly.

 

6. Each time that proxy vendor sends RRC a request to vote, the request will be accompanied by the recommended vote determined in accordance with RRC’s Voting Guidelines. The proxy vendor will vote as indicated in the request unless the client has reserved discretion, the Proxy Committee determines that the best interest of clients requires another vote, or the proposal is a matter as to which the Proxy Committee affords special, individual consideration under Section IV.C. In such situations, the proxy vendor will vote based on the direction of the client or the Proxy Committee, as the case may be. The interests of RRC’s Taft Hartley or Socially Responsible clients may impact a proposal that normally should be voted in a certain way.

 

7. The proxy vendor will have procedures in place to ensure that a vote is cast on every security holding maintained by RRC on which a vote is solicited unless otherwise directed by the Proxy Committee. Upon request, RRC will send our clients a report from the proxy vendor detailing RRC’s voting for the previous period.

VI. SUPERVISION

Managers and supervisory personnel are responsible for ensuring that their associates understand and follow this policy and any applicable procedures adopted by the business group to implement the policy. The Proxy Committee has ultimate responsibility for the implementation of this Policy.

VII. ESCALATION

With the exception of conflicts of interest-related matters, issues arising under this policy should be escalated to RRC’s Chief Compliance Officer. Issues involving potential or actual conflicts of interest should be promptly communicated to the CCO. The CCO will notify the Fund Chief Compliance Officer(s), if a material conflict of interest has arisen that deems the attention of the respective Fund Board(s).

 

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VIII. MONITORING

RRC’s Compliance Department is primarily responsible for overseeing the day-to-day operations of the proxy voting process. The Compliance Department’s monitoring will take into account the following elements: (1) periodic review of votes to ensure that the proxy vendor is accurately voting consistent with RRC’s Proxy Guidelines; and (2) review of fund website to ensure that annual reports are posted in a timely and accurate manner.

IX. AVAILABILITY OF PROXY POLICY AND VOTING RECORD

A summary disclosure regarding the provisions of this Policy is available in RRC’s Form ADV, Part 2A. Upon receipt of a Client’s request for more information, RRC will provide to the Client a copy of this Policy and/or how RRC voted proxies for the Client pursuant to this Policy for up to a one-year period. It is RRC’s policy not to disclose how it voted a client’s proxy to third parties.

With respect to its investment company clients, RRC will not selectively disclose its investment company clients’ proxy voting records. RRC will create and maintain records of each investment company’s proxy record for 12-month periods ended June 30th. RRC will compile the following information for each matter relating to a portfolio security considered at any shareholder meeting during the period covered by the annual report and which the company was entitled to vote:

 

    The name of the issuer of the security;

 

    The exchange ticker symbol of the portfolio security (is symbol is available through reasonably practicable means);

 

    The Council on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures number for the portfolio security (if number is available through reasonably practicable means);

 

    The shareholder meeting date;

 

    A brief identification of the matter voted on;

 

    Whether the matter was proposed by the issuer or by a security holder;

 

    Whether the company cast its vote on the matter;

 

    How the company cast its vote (e.g., for or against proposal, or abstain; for or withhold regarding the election of directors); and

 

    Whether the company cast its vote for or against management.

OTHER RECORD KEEPING REQUIREMENTS

Business groups and support partners are responsible for maintaining all records necessary to evidence compliance with this policy. The records must be properly maintained and readily accessible in order to evidence compliance with this policy.

These records may include:

 

    Proxy Committee Communications or Other Materials

 

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    Analysis and Supporting Materials of Investment Management Personnel Concerning Proxy Decisions and Recommendations
    Conflicts of Interest Review Documentation, including Conflicts of Interest Forms
    Client Communications Regarding Proxy Matters

Records should be retained for a period of not less than six years. Records must be retained in an appropriate office of RRC for the first three years.

 

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Appendix A

The ISS 2014 U.S. Proxy Voting Guidelines Summary

(Incorporated by Reference)

Website Address:

http://www.issgovernance.com/files/ISSUSSummaryGuidelines2014Jan31.pdf

 

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Appendix B

The ISS 2014 Guidelines for Canada, UK, Europe, Australia and South Africa

(Incorporated by Reference)

Website Address:

http://www.issgovernance.com/files/ISS2014CanadaTSXGuidelines.pdf

http://www.napf.co.uk/PolicyandResearch/DocumentLibrary/~/media/Policy/Documents/0352_%20NAPF_corp_governance_policy_and_voting_guidelines_2014.pdf

http://www.issgovernance.com/files/ISSEuropeanSummaryGuidelines2014.pdf

http://www.issgovernance.com/files/ISS2013AustraliaGuidelines.pdf

http://www.issgovernance.com/files/2014ISSAfricaGuidelines.pdf

 

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Appendix C

Conflicts of Interest Disclosure Form

RED ROCKS CAPITAL LLC

PROXY VOTING CONFLICT

OF INTEREST DISCLOSURE FORM

 

1. Company name:                                                                                 

2. Date of Meeting:                                                                                  

3. Referral Item(s):                                                                                  

4. Description of RRC’s Business Relationship with Issuer of Proxy which may give rise to a conflict of interest:
 

4.     Describe procedures used to address any conflict of interest:

Compliance will consider information about RRC’s significant business relationships, as well as other relevant information. The information considered by Compliance may include information regarding: (1) RRC client and other business relationships; (2) any relevant personal conflicts; and (3) communications between investment professionals and parties outside the RRC investment division regarding the proxy matter. Compliance will consult with relevant experts, including legal counsel, as necessary.

If Compliance determines that it reasonably believes (1) RRC has a material conflict of interest, or (2) certain individuals should be recused from participating in the proxy vote at issue, Compliance will inform one of the standing members of the Proxy Committee. Where a material conflict of interest is determined to have arisen in the proxy voting process, RRC’s policy is to invoke one or more of the following conflict management procedures:

 

  a. Causing the proxies to be voted in accordance with the recommendations of an independent third party (which generally will be RRC’s proxy voting agent);
  b. Causing the proxies to be delegated to a qualified, independent third party, which may include RRC’s proxy voting agent.
  c. In unusual cases, with the Client’s consent and upon ample notice, forwarding the proxies to RRC’s clients so that they may vote the proxies directly.

Affiliate Investment Companies and Public Companies

RRC considers (1) proxies solicited by open-end and closed-end investment companies for which RRC or an affiliate serves as an investment adviser or principal underwriter to present a material conflict of interest for RRC. Consequently, the proxies of such affiliates will be voted following one of the conflict management procedures discussed above.

Management of Conflicts of Interest – Additional Procedures

RRC has various compliance policies and procedures in place in order to address any material conflicts of interest that might arise in this context.

 

  a. RRC’s Code of Ethics affirmatively requires that associates of RRC act in a manner whereby no actual or apparent conflict of interest may be seen as arising between the associate’s interests and those of RRC’s Clients.

 

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  b. By assuming his or her responsibilities pursuant to this Policy, each member of the Proxy Committee and any RRC associate advising or acting under the supervision or oversight of the Proxy Committee undertakes:

 

    To disclose in writing to RRC’s Chief Compliance Officer any actual or apparent personal material conflicts of interest which he or she may have (e.g., by way of substantial ownership of securities, relationships with nominees for directorship, members of an issuer’s or dissident’s management or otherwise) in determining whether or how RRC will vote proxies. Additionally, each member must disclose any direct, indirect or perceived influence or attempt to influence such action which the member or associate views as being inconsistent with the purpose or provisions of this Policy or the Code of Ethics of RRC. In the event any member of the Proxy Committee has a conflict of interest regarding a given matter, he or she will abstain from participating in the Committee’s determination of whether and/or how to vote in the matter; and

 

    To refrain from taking into consideration, in the decision as to whether or how RRC will vote proxies the existence of any current or prospective material business relationship between RRC or any of their affiliates, on one hand, and any party (or its affiliates) that is soliciting or is otherwise interested in the proxies to be voted, on the other hand.

 

  c. In general circumstances, RRC follows the proxy guidelines and uses other research services provided by Institutional Shareholder Services, Inc. (“ISS”) or another independent third party.

5. Describe any contacts from parties outside RRC (other than routine communications from proxy solicitors) with respect to the referral item not otherwise reported in an investment professional’s recommendation:

CERTIFICATION

The undersigned employee of RRC certifies that, to the best of his/her knowledge, any recommendation of an investment professional provided under circumstances where a conflict of interest exists was made solely on the investment merits and without regard to any other consideration.

WELLINGTON MANAGEMENT’S PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

 

Introduction    Upon a client’s written request, Wellington Management Company, llp (“Wellington Management”) votes securities that are held in the client’s account in response to proxies solicited by the issuers of such securities. Wellington Management established these Global Proxy Voting Guidelines to document positions generally taken on common proxy issues voted on behalf of clients.
   These guidelines are based on Wellington Management’s fiduciary obligation to act in the best economic interest of its clients as shareholders. Hence, Wellington Management

 

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   examines and votes each proposal so that the long-term effect of the vote will ultimately increase shareholder value for our clients. Because ethical considerations can have an impact on the long-term value of assets, our voting practices are also attentive to these issues and votes will be cast against unlawful and unethical activity. Further, Wellington Management’s experience in voting proposals has shown that similar proposals often have different consequences for different companies. Moreover, while these Global Proxy Voting Guidelines are written to apply globally, differences in local practice and law make universal application impractical. Therefore, each proposal is evaluated on its merits, taking into account its effects on the specific company in question, and on the company within its industry. It should be noted that the following are guidelines, and not rigid rules, and Wellington Management reserves the right in all cases to vote contrary to guidelines where doing so is judged to represent the best economic interest of its clients.
   Following is a list of common proposals and the guidelines on how Wellington Management anticipates voting on these proposals. The “(SP)” after a proposal indicates that the proposal is usually presented as a Shareholder Proposal.
Voting Guidelines    Composition and Role of the Board of Directors
  

  Election of Directors:

  Case-by-Case

  

We believe that shareholders’ ability to elect directors annually is the most important right shareholders have. We generally support management nominees, but will withhold votes from any director who is demonstrated to have acted contrary to the best economic interest of shareholders. We may also withhold votes from directors who failed to implement shareholder proposals that received majority support, implemented dead-hand or no-hand poison pills, or failed to attend at least 75% of scheduled board meetings.

  

  Classify Board of Directors:

  Against

  

We will also vote in favor of shareholder proposals seeking to declassify boards.

  

  Adopt Director Tenure/Retirement Age (SP):

  

  Against

 

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  Adopt Director & Officer Indemnification:

  For

  

We generally support director and officer indemnification as critical to the attraction and retention of qualified candidates to the board. Such proposals must incorporate the duty of care.

  

  Allow Special Interest Representation to Board (SP):

  Against

  

  Require Board Independence:

  For

  

We believe that, in the absence of a compelling counter-argument or prevailing market norms, at least 65% of a board should be comprised of independent directors, with independence defined by the local market regulatory authority. Our support for this level of independence may include withholding approval for non-independent directors, as well as votes in support of shareholder proposals calling for independence.

  

  Require Key Board Committees to be Independent.

  For

  

Key board committees are the Nominating, Audit, and Compensation Committees. Exceptions will be made, as above, in respect of local market conventions.

  

  Require a Separation of Chair and CEO or Require a

  Case-by-Case

  

Lead Director (SP):

  

We will generally support management proposals to separate the Chair and CEO or establish a Lead Director.

  

  Approve Directors’ Fees:

  For

  

  Approve Bonuses for Retiring Directors:

  Case-by-Case

  

  Elect Supervisory Board/Corporate Assembly:

  For

 

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  Elect/Establish Board Committee:

  For

  

  Adopt Shareholder Access/Majority Vote on Election of

  Case-by-Case

  

Directors (SP):

  

We believe that the election of directors by a majority of votes cast is the appropriate standard for companies to adopt and therefore generally will support those proposals that seek to adopt such a standard. Our support for such proposals will extend typically to situations where the relevant company has an existing resignation policy in place for directors that receive a majority of “withhold” votes. We believe that it is important for majority voting to be defined within the company’s charter and not simply within the company’s corporate governance policy.

  

Generally we will not support proposals that fail to provide for the exceptional use of a plurality standard in the case of contested elections. Further, we will not support proposals that seek to adopt a majority of votes outstanding (i.e., total votes eligible to be cast as opposed to actually cast) standard.

                                                                                                                                                          
   Management Compensation
  

  Adopt/Amend Stock Option Plans:

  Case-by-Case

  

  Adopt/Amend Employee Stock Purchase Plans:

  For

  

  Approve/Amend Bonus Plans:

  Case-by-Case

  

In the US, Bonus Plans are customarily presented for

shareholder approval pursuant to Section 162(m) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1992 (“OBRA”). OBRA stipulates that certain forms of compensation are not tax-deductible unless approved by shareholders and subject to performance criteria. Because OBRA does not prevent the payment of subject compensation, we generally vote “for” these

 

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proposals. Nevertheless, occasionally these proposals are presented in a bundled form seeking 162 (m) approval and approval of a stock option plan. In such cases, failure of the proposal prevents the awards from being granted. We will vote against these proposals where the grant portion of the proposal fails our guidelines for the evaluation of stock option plans.

  

•   Approve Remuneration Policy:

  

  Case-by-Case

  

•   To approve compensation packages for named executive Officers:

  

  Case-by-Case

  

•   To determine whether the compensation vote will occur every 1, 2 or 3 years:

  

  1 Year

  

•   Exchange Underwater Options:

  Case-by-Case

  

We may support value-neutral exchanges in which senior management is ineligible to participate.

  

•   Eliminate or Limit Severance Agreements (Golden

  Case-by-Case Parachutes):

  

We will oppose excessively generous arrangements, but may support agreements structured to encourage management to negotiate in shareholders’ best economic interest.

  

•   To approve golden parachute arrangements in connection with certain corporate transactions:

  

  Case-by-Case

  

•   Shareholder Approval of Future Severance Agreements

  Case-by-Case

  

Covering Senior Executives (SP):

  

We believe that severance arrangements require special scrutiny, and are generally supportive of proposals that call for shareholder ratification thereof. But, we are also mindful of the board’s need for flexibility in recruitment and retention

 

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and will therefore oppose limitations on board compensation policy where respect for industry practice and reasonable overall levels of compensation have been demonstrated.

  

  Expense Future Stock Options (SP):

  For

  

  Shareholder Approval of All Stock Option Plans (SP):

  For

  

  Disclose All Executive Compensation (SP):

  For

   Reporting of Results
  

  Approve Financial Statements:

  For

  

  Set Dividends and Allocate Profits:

  For

  

  Limit Non-Audit Services Provided by Auditors (SP):

  Case-by-Case

  

We follow the guidelines established by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding permissible levels of non-audit fees payable to auditors.

  

  Ratify Selection of Auditors and Set Their Fees:

  Case-by-Case

  

We will generally support management’s choice of auditors, unless the auditors have demonstrated failure to act in shareholders’ best economic interest.

  

  Elect Statutory Auditors:

  Case-by-Case

  

  Shareholder Approval of Auditors (SP):

  For

                                                                                                                                                          
   Shareholder Voting Rights
  

  Adopt Cumulative Voting (SP):

  Against

  

We are likely to support cumulative voting proposals at “controlled” companies (i.e., companies with a single majority shareholder), or at companies with two-tiered voting rights.

 

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  Shareholder Rights Plans

  Case-by-Case

  

Also known as Poison Pills, these plans can enable boards of directors to negotiate higher takeover prices on behalf of shareholders. However, these plans also may be misused to entrench management. The following criteria are used to evaluate both management and shareholder proposals regarding shareholder rights plans.

  

— We generally support plans that include:

  

      — Shareholder approval requirement

  

      — Sunset provision

  

— Permitted bid feature (i.e., bids that are made for all shares and demonstrate evidence of financing must be submitted to a shareholder vote).

  

Because boards generally have the authority to adopt shareholder rights plans without shareholder approval, we are equally vigilant in our assessment of requests for authorization of blank check preferred shares (see below).

  

  Authorize Blank Check Preferred Stock:

  Case-by-Case

  

We may support authorization requests that specifically proscribe the use of such shares for anti-takeover purposes.

  

  Eliminate Right to Call a Special Meeting:

  Against

  

  Establish Right to Call a Special Meeting or Lower

  

Ownership Threshold to Call a Special Meeting (SP):

  Case-by-Case

  

  Increase Supermajority Vote Requirement:

  Against

  

We likely will support shareholder and management proposals to remove existing supermajority vote requirements.

 

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  Adopt Anti-Greenmail Provision:

  For

  

  Adopt Confidential Voting (SP):

  Case-by-Case

  

We require such proposals to include a provision to suspend confidential voting during contested elections so that management is not subject to constraints that do not apply to dissidents.

  

  Remove Right to Act by Written Consent:

  Against

                                                                                                                                                          
   Capital Structure
  

  Increase Authorized Common Stock:

  Case-by-Case

  

We generally support requests for increases up to 100% of the shares currently authorized. Exceptions will be made when the company has clearly articulated a reasonable need for a greater increase. Conversely, at companies trading in less liquid markets, we may impose a lower threshold.

  

  Approve Merger or Acquisition:

  Case-by-Case

  

  Approve Technical Amendments to Charter:

  Case-by-Case

  

  Opt Out of State Takeover Statutes:

  For

  

  Authorize Share Repurchase:

  For

  

  Authorize Trade in Company Stock:

  For

  

  Approve Stock Splits:

  Case-by-Case

  

We approve stock splits and reverse stock splits that preserve the level of authorized, but unissued shares.

 

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  Approve Recapitalization/Restructuring:

  Case-by-Case

  

  Issue Stock with or without Preemptive Rights:

  Case-by-Case

  

  Issue Debt Instruments:

  Case-by-Case

                                                                                                                                                          
   Environmental and Social Issues
       We expect portfolio companies to comply with applicable laws and regulations with regards to environmental and social standards. We evaluate shareholder proposals related to environmental and social issues on a case-by-case basis.
  

  Disclose Political and PAC Gifts (SP):

  Case-by-Case

  

  Report on Sustainability (SP):

  Case-by-Case

                                                                                                                                                          
   Miscellaneous
  

  Approve Other Business:

  Against

  

  Approve Reincorporation:

  Case-by-Case

  

  Approve Third-Party Transactions:

Case-by-Case

   Dated: March 8, 2012

                                                 

                                                                                                                                                          
Voting Guidelines    Composition and Role of the Board of Directors
  

  Election of Directors:

  Case-by-Case

  

We believe that shareholders’ ability to elect directors annually is the most important right shareholders have. We generally support management nominees, but will withhold votes from any director who is demonstrated to have acted contrary to the best economic interest of shareholders. We may also withhold votes from directors who failed to

 

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implement shareholder proposals that received majority support, implemented dead-hand or no-hand poison pills, or failed to attend at least 75% of scheduled board meetings.

  

  Classify Board of Directors:

  Against

  

We will also vote in favor of shareholder proposals seeking to declassify boards.

  

  Adopt Director Tenure/Retirement Age (SP):

  Against

  

  Adopt Director & Officer Indemnification:

  For

  

We generally support director and officer indemnification as critical to the attraction and retention of qualified candidates to the board. Such proposals must incorporate the duty of care.

  

  Allow Special Interest Representation to Board (SP):

  Against

  

  Require Board Independence:

  For

  

We believe that, in the absence of a compelling counter-argument or prevailing market norms, at least 65% of a board should be comprised of independent directors, with independence defined by the local market regulatory authority. Our support for this level of independence may include withholding approval for non-independent directors, as well as votes in support of shareholder proposals calling for independence.

  

  Require Key Board Committees to be Independent.

  For

  

Key board committees are the Nominating, Audit, and Compensation Committees. Exceptions will be made, as above, in respect of local market conventions.

  

  Require a Separation of Chair and CEO or Require a

  For

 

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Lead Director:

  

  Approve Directors’ Fees:

  For

  

  Approve Bonuses for Retiring Directors:

  Case-by-Case

  

  Elect Supervisory Board/Corporate Assembly:

  For

  

  Elect/Establish Board Committee:

  For

  

  Adopt Shareholder Access/Majority Vote on Election of

  Case-by-Case

  

Directors (SP):

  

We believe that the election of directors by a majority of votes cast is the appropriate standard for companies to adopt and therefore generally will support those proposals that seek to adopt such a standard. Our support for such proposals will extend typically to situations where the relevant company has an existing resignation policy in place for directors that receive a majority of “withhold” votes. We believe that it is important for majority voting to be defined within the company’s charter and not simply within the company’s corporate governance policy.

  

Generally we will not support proposals that fail to provide for the exceptional use of a plurality standard in the case of contested elections. Further, we will not support proposals that seek to adopt a majority of votes outstanding (i.e., total votes eligible to be cast as opposed to actually cast) standard.

                                                                                                                                                          
Management Compensation   
  

  Adopt/Amend Stock Option Plans:

  Case-by-Case

  

  Adopt/Amend Employee Stock Purchase Plans:

  For

  

  Approve/Amend Bonus Plans:

  Case-by-Case

  

In the US, Bonus Plans are customarily presented for shareholder approval pursuant to Section 162(m) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1992 (“OBRA”). OBRA stipulates that certain forms of

 

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compensation are not tax-deductible unless approved by shareholders and subject to performance criteria. Because OBRA does not prevent the payment of subject compensation, we generally vote “for” these proposals. Nevertheless, occasionally these proposals are presented in a bundled form seeking 162 (m) approval and approval of a stock option plan. In such cases, failure of the proposal prevents the awards from being granted. We will vote against these proposals where the grant portion of the proposal fails our guidelines for the evaluation of stock option plans.

  

  Approve Remuneration Policy:

  Case-by-Case

  

 To approve compensation packages for named executive Officers:

  

  Case-by-Case

  

 To determine whether the compensation vote will occur every 1,2 or 3 years:

  

  1 Year

  

  Exchange Underwater Options:

  Case-by-Case

  

We may support value-neutral exchanges in which senior management is ineligible to participate.

  

  Eliminate or Limit Severance Agreements (Golden Parachutes):

  Case-by-Case

  

We will oppose excessively generous arrangements, but may support agreements structured to encourage management to negotiate in shareholders’ best economic interest.

  

  To approve golden parachute arrangements in connection with certain corporate transactions:

  

  Case-by-Case

  

  Shareholder Approval of Future Severance Agreements

  Case-by-Case

  

Covering Senior Executives (SP):

  

We believe that severance arrangements require special scrutiny, and are generally supportive of proposals that call for shareholder ratification thereof. But, we are also mindful of the board’s need for flexibility in recruitment and retention and will therefore oppose limitations on board compensation policy where respect for industry practice and reasonable overall levels of compensation have been demonstrated.

 

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  Expense Future Stock Options (SP):

  For

  

  Shareholder Approval of All Stock Option Plans (SP):

  For

  

  Disclose All Executive Compensation (SP):

  For

                                                                                                                                                          
   Reporting of Results
  

  Approve Financial Statements:

  For

  

  Set Dividends and Allocate Profits:

  For

  

  Limit Non-Audit Services Provided by Auditors (SP):

  Case-by-Case

  

We follow the guidelines established by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding permissible levels of non-audit fees payable to auditors.

  

  Ratify Selection of Auditors and Set Their Fees:

  Case-by-Case

  

We will generally support management’s choice of auditors, unless the auditors have demonstrated failure to act in shareholders’ best economic interest.

  

  Elect Statutory Auditors:

  Case-by-Case

  

  Shareholder Approval of Auditors (SP):

  For

                                                                                                                                                          
   Shareholder Voting Rights
  

  Adopt Cumulative Voting (SP):

  Against

  

We are likely to support cumulative voting proposals at “controlled” companies (i.e., companies with a single majority shareholder), or at companies with two-tiered voting rights.

 

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  Shareholder Rights Plans

  Case-by-Case

  

Also known as Poison Pills, these plans can enable boards of directors to negotiate higher takeover prices on behalf of shareholders. However, these plans also may be misused to entrench management. The following criteria are used to evaluate both management and shareholder proposals regarding shareholder rights plans.

  

— We generally support plans that include:

  

      — Shareholder approval requirement

  

      — Sunset provision

  

— Permitted bid feature (i.e., bids that are made for all shares and demonstrate evidence of financing must be submitted to a shareholder vote).

  

Because boards generally have the authority to adopt shareholder rights plans without shareholder approval, we are equally vigilant in our assessment of requests for authorization of blank check preferred shares (see below).

  

  Authorize Blank Check Preferred Stock:

  Case-by-Case

  

We may support authorization requests that specifically proscribe the use of such shares for anti-takeover purposes.

  

  Eliminate Right to Call a Special Meeting:

  Against

  

  Increase Supermajority Vote Requirement:

  Against

  

We likely will support shareholder and management proposals to remove existing supermajority vote requirements.

  

  Adopt Anti-Greenmail Provision:

  For

  

  Adopt Confidential Voting (SP):

  Case-by-Case

  

We require such proposals to include a provision to suspend confidential voting during contested elections so that management is not subject to constraints that do not apply to dissidents.

 

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   Remove Right to Act by Written Consent:

  Against

                                                                                                                                                          
Capital Structure   
  

   Increase Authorized Common Stock:

  

Case-by-Case

  

We generally support requests for increases up to 100% of the shares currently authorized. Exceptions will be made when the company has clearly articulated a reasonable need for a greater increase. Conversely, at companies trading in less liquid markets, we may impose a lower threshold.

  

   Approve Merger or Acquisition:

  Case-by-Case

  

   Approve Technical Amendments to Charter:

  Case-by-Case

  

   Opt Out of State Takeover Statutes:

  For

  

   Authorize Share Repurchase:

  For

  

   Authorize Trade in Company Stock:

  For

  

   Approve Stock Splits:

  Case-by-Case

  

We approve stock splits and reverse stock splits that preserve the level of authorized, but unissued shares.

  

   Approve Recapitalization/Restructuring:

  Case-by-Case

  

   Issue Stock with or without Preemptive Rights:

  Case-by-Case

  

   Issue Debt Instruments:

  Case-by-Case

                                                                                                                                                          
   Social Issues

 

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  Endorse the Ceres Principles (SP):

  Case-by-Case

  

  Disclose Political and PAC Gifts (SP):

  Case-by-Case

  

We generally do not support imposition of disclosure requirements on management of companies in excess of regulatory requirements.

  

  Require Adoption of International Labor Organization’s

  Case-by-Case

  

Fair Labor Principles (SP):

  

  Report on Sustainability (SP):

  Case-by-Case

                                                                                                                                                          
Miscellaneous   
  

  Approve Other Business:

  Against

  

  Approve Reincorporation:

  Case-by-Case

  

  Approve Third-Party Transactions:

  Case-by-Case

Dated: April 28, 2011

APPENDIX B

CLOUGH CAPITAL’S PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

 

    

Procedure Name:

    

  

Proxy Voting Procedures & Proxy Voting Guidelines

  

    

    

Related Policy:

    

  

Proxy Voting

    

    

Effective Date

    

  

June 15, 2004, revised December 12, 2008

    

Responsible

Person:

    

  

Proxy Voting Administrator

    

 

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Detailed

Procedures:

 

 

1.0 Proxy Voting in General

 

Proxy votes for client accounts of Clough Capital will be handled by the Proxy Voting Administrator (typically an intern), who will gather all required proxy votes, vote them according to the attached guidelines (Appendix A), prepare the information required in order for ALPS to make the required filings for the mutual fund, and then store them in the Proxy Voting Files for the required period of time. For issues not addressed by the Proxy Voting Guidelines, or for those issues where a determination is made by one of the persons listed in section 4.0 that a vote according to the established Guidelines would not be in the economic interest of a client account, the Proxy Voting Administrator will refer the matter to the Compliance Committee for resolution.

 

2.0 Proxy Voting Administrator

 

The duties of the Administrator will include the following:

•     Gather proxies sent to Clough Capital for each of the securities held by a client account or fund

•     Log on to the Proxy Edge system (www.proxyedge.com) to vote the proxies

•     Log each proxy into tracking spreadsheet (Appendix B) with all required information listed in section 3.0

•     Compare the proxy proposals against the Proxy Voting Guidelines & vote all that can be voted based on guidelines

•     Submit proxies that are not addressed in the Guidelines to PM’s/Analysts for their opinion

•     Update tracking spreadsheet for votes cast

•     Store original proxy and how voted in the Proxy Voting Files

•     Summarize for the mutual fund at end of year (June 30th) and send to ALPS to complete the Form N-PX for filing with SEC by August 31st (this may also be done by the Compliance Associate)

 

3.0 Proxy Voting Record Required

 

The following information must be recorded and saved by the Administrator for each proxy vote of each security:

•     Name of the issuer of the portfolio security

•     Exchange ticker symbol of the portfolio security

•     CUSIP for the portfolio security (if available)

•     Shareholder meeting date

•     Brief identification of matter voted on

•     Whether the matter is proposed by issuer or a security holder

•     Whether fund cast its vote on the matter

•     How the fund cast its vote (for/against/abstain)

•     Whether fund cast its vote for or against the management position on the issue

 

This information is required to be filed with the SEC electronically via Form N-PX for all registered investment companies (mutual funds) no later than August 31 for the most recent 12 month period ended June 30. This will be done by the fund’s administrator, ALPS Fund Services, for the mutual funds sponsored by Clough Capital, but ALPS will need this information from Clough. The information also needs to be sent to ALPS so it is available upon request by shareholders.

 

 

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4.0 Contradiction to Proxy Voting Guidelines

 

For the proxy issues outlined in the attached Proxy Voting Guidelines, the Clough Capital voting position will generally be as listed, unless an analyst, trader, or Partner of the firm believes that voting a particular proxy in accordance with the stated guideline would not be in the best economic interests of a client account, in which case that person should bring the matter to the attention of the Proxy Voting Administrator. The Administrator will then refer the matter to the Compliance Committee for resolution. Votes in contradiction to the established Proxy Voting Guidelines will be documented in an appropriate memo to file.

 

4.1 Votes on Issues not listed in the Proxy Voting Guidelines

 

If a proxy vote is received and the Proxy Voting Administrator cannot find the particular issue to be voted on the Proxy Voting Guidelines, then the Administrator must summarize the issue and then bring it to the attention of the analyst covering that industry and the relevant portfolio manager for consideration. Once there has been determination made as to how to vote the issue, the analyst should update the Proxy Voting Guidelines for guidance on future, similar issues.

 

5.0 Record Keeping Requirements

 

Clough Capital must keep accurate books and records, including those relating to proxy voting. The records that must be maintained in accordance with the Record Keeping Policy are listed under Records Produced below. The Proxy Voting Administrator will be responsible for ensuring that the records listed are maintained.

 

   
Records Produced:  

•     Proxy statements received regarding client securities

•     Records of votes cast on behalf of clients (Proxy Voting Tracking Spreadsheet)

•     Information gathered for the filing of Form N-PX

•     Form N-PX filed by August 31st of each year for preceding year ended June 30th

•     Records of client requests for proxy voting information

•     Any documents prepared by Clough Capital that were material to making a decision how to vote or that memorialized the basis for the decision

 

   
Evidence of Supervision:  

On a quarterly basis, the Compliance Officer will examine the proxy voting files and ensure that all proxies were voted in accordance with the Policy and documented accordingly, including any votes that presented a potential or actual conflict of interest. This information will be supplied to the Fund CCO as part of the Quarterly Compliance Certification.

 

   
Record Keeping:  

Records will be maintained for 2 years on site and 3 years offsite, except for records for registered mutual funds, which will be maintained for 2 years on site and 4 years offsite.

 

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Appendix B

Clough Capital Proxy Voting Guidelines

For the following proxy issues, the Clough Capital voting position will generally be as listed, unless an analyst, trader, or Partner of the firm believes that voting a particular proxy in accordance with the stated guideline would not be in the best economic interests of a client account, in which case that person should bring the matter to the attention of the Proxy Voting Administrator. The Administrator will then refer the matter to the Compliance Committee for resolution as outlined in the Proxy Voting Procedures.

 

Category of Issue

 

 

Issue

 

 

Clough Position

 

 

Rationale/Reasoning

 

Board of Directors   Election of Directors  

Support Management Recommendations

 

Where no corporate governance issues are implicated

    Changes in Board of Directors (removals of directors; filling of vacancies; fixing size of board)  

Support Management Recommendations

 

Management in best position to know if best for company

    Other Issues (e.g. Classified Board; Liability of Board; Qualification of Directors)  

Generally Support Management Recommendations

 

So long as in best economic interests of clients

             
Capital Structure   Increase in common stock  

Support Management Recommendations

 

Management in best position to know if best for company

    Reclassification of common stock  

Support Management Recommendations

 

Management in best position to know if best for company

    Other Issues (e.g. Additional Shares; Stock Splits; Repurchases, etc.)  

Generally Support Management Recommendations

 

So long as in best economic interests of clients

             
Corporate Governance   Addition or amendment of indemnification provisions in company’s charter or by-laws  

Support Management Recommendations

 

Management in best position to know if best for company

    Other issues (e.g. Confidential Voting; Cumulative Voting; Supermajority Requirements)  

Generally Support Management Recommendations

 

So long as in best economic interests of clients

             
Compensation   Compensation of Outside Directors  

Support Management Recommendations

 

Management in best position to know if best for company

    Other Issues (e.g. Executive/Director stock option plans; Employee Stock Option Plans; Option Expensing)  

Generally Support Management Recommendations

 

So long as in best economic interests of clients

             
Anti-Takeover Provisions   Shareholder rights plans (“Poison Pills”) (shareholder approval of or ratification of these types of plans)  

Generally Support Management Recommendations

 

So long as in best economic interests of clients

    Other Issues (e.g. Reincorporation plans; Fair-Price Proposals, etc.)  

Generally Support Management Recommendations

 

So long as in best economic interests of clients

 

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Mergers & Acquisitions

  

Special corporate transactions (takeovers; spin-offs; sales of assets; reorganizations; restructurings; recapitalizations)

  

Generally Support Management Recommendations

  

So long as in best economic interests of clients

                

Social & Political Issues

  

Labor & human rights (global codes of conduct; workplace standards)

  

Generally Support Management Recommendations

  

Generally best not to impose these issues from the outside

    

Other Issues (e.g. Environmental issues; Diversity & Equality; Health & Safety; Government/Military)

  

Support Management Recommendation

  

Generally best not to impose these issues from the outside

                

Miscellaneous Items

  

Selection of Independent Auditors

  

Support Management recommendation

  

Management in best position to know if best for company

    

Other Issues (e.g. Limitation of non-audit services provided by independent auditors; Audit Firm Rotation; Bundled Proposals, etc.)

  

Generally Support Management Recommendations

  

So long as in best economic interests of clients

                

CoreCommodity Management, LLC Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures

CoreCommodity Management, LLC (“CoreCommodity”) may be responsible for voting on shareholder proxies and may do so only in accordance with the following Proxy Voting Procedures, in the best interest of a client and as agreed to by the advisory client.

GENERAL GUIDELINES

CoreCommodity relies on Institutional Shareholder Services (“ISS”), a division of RiskMetrics Group, to research, vote and record all proxy ballots for Accounts over which CoreCommodity has proxy voting authority. CoreCommodity has adopted the ISS U.S. Proxy Voting Guidelines, as may be amended from time to time. In voting proxies, CoreCommodity is guided by general fiduciary principles. CoreCommodity ‘s goal is to act prudently, solely in the best interest of the beneficial owners of the accounts it manages. CoreCommodity attempts to consider all aspects of its vote that could affect the value of the investment and will vote proxies in the manner that it believes will be consistent with efforts to maximize shareholder value. CoreCommodity does not necessarily have an obligation to vote every proxy; for example CoreCommodity may forego voting proxies if the Account no longer holds the position at the time of the vote, or the cost of voting (such as in the case of a vote regarding a foreign issuer that requires being physically present to vote) outweighs the anticipated benefit to the Account. CoreCommodity only votes the proxies delivered to it from custodians and generally does not vote proxies for shares that are out on loan to third parties, and generally will not seek to recall such shares in order to vote them.

 

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HOW CORECOMMODITY VOTES

CoreCommodity votes proxies in accordance with the ISS recommendations, and has informed ISS to vote in accordance with these recommendations unless otherwise specified by CoreCommodity. A portfolio manager may request that shares under his management be voted differently from the ISS recommendations, if he believes that such a vote would be in the best interest of the client(s). Such vote requests will be subject to the conflict of interest review described below.

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

In furtherance of CoreCommodity’s goal to vote proxies in the best interests of clients, CoreCommodity follows procedures designed to identify and address material conflicts that may arise between CoreCommodity’s interests and those of its clients before voting proxies on behalf of such clients. Only votes which are not in accordance with the ISS recommendations are subject to these conflicts of interest procedures.

PROCEDURES FOR IDENTIFYING CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

CoreCommodity relies on the following to seek to identify conflicts of interest:

 

 

CoreCommodity Associated Persons are under an obligation (i) to be aware of the potential for conflicts of interest on the part of CoreCommodity with respect to voting proxies on behalf of client accounts both as a result of a CoreCommodity Associated Person’s personal relationships and due to special circumstances that may arise during the conduct of CoreCommodity’s business, and (ii) to bring conflicts of interest of which they become aware to the attention of CoreCommodity’s Compliance Officer.

 

 

CoreCommodity is deemed to have a material conflict of interest in voting proxies relating to issuers that are clients of CoreCommodity and that have historically accounted for or are projected to account for a material percentage of CoreCommodity’s annual revenues.

 

 

CoreCommodity shall not vote proxies relating to issuers on such list on behalf of client accounts until it has been determined that the conflict of interest is not material or a method for resolving such conflict of interest has been agreed upon and implemented, as described below.

PROCEDURES FOR ASSESSING CONFLICTS OF INTEREST AND FOR ADDRESSING MATERIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

All conflicts of interest identified pursuant to the procedures outlined above must be brought to the attention of the Compliance Officer for resolution. The Compliance Officer will work with appropriate CoreCommodity personnel to determine whether a conflict of interest is material. A conflict of interest will be considered material to the extent that it is determined that such conflict has the potential to influence CoreCommodity’s decision-making in voting the proxy. A conflict of interest shall be deemed material in the event that the issuer that is the subject of the proxy has a client relationship with CoreCommodity of the type described above. All other materiality determinations will be based on an assessment of the particular facts and circumstances. The Compliance Officer shall maintain a written record of all materiality determinations.

 

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If it is determined that a conflict of interest is not material, CoreCommodity may vote proxies notwithstanding the existence of the conflict.

If it is determined that a conflict of interest is material, the Compliance Officer will work with appropriate CoreCommodity personnel to agree upon a method to resolve such conflict of interest before voting proxies affected by the conflict of interest. Such methods may include:

 

 

disclosing the conflict to clients and obtaining their consent before voting;

 

 

suggesting to clients that they engage another party to vote the proxy on their behalf; or

 

 

such other method as is deemed appropriate under the circumstances given the nature of the conflict.

RECORD KEEPING AND OVERSIGHT

CoreCommodity shall maintain the following records relating to proxy voting:

 

 

a copy of these policies and procedures;

 

 

a copy of each proxy form (as voted);

 

 

a copy of each proxy solicitation (including proxy statements) and related materials with regard to each vote;

 

 

documentation relating to the identification and resolution of conflicts of interest;

 

 

any documents created by CoreCommodity that were material to a proxy voting decision or that memorialized the basis for that decision; and

 

 

a copy of each written client request for information on how CoreCommodity voted proxies on behalf of the client, and a copy of any written response by CoreCommodity to any (written or oral) client request for information on how CoreCommodity voted proxies on behalf of the requesting client.

Such records shall be maintained and preserved in an easily accessible place for a period of not less than five years from the end of the fiscal year during which the last entry was made on such record, the first two years in CoreCommodity’s office. In lieu of keeping copies of proxy statements, CoreCommodity may rely on proxy statements filed on the EDGAR system as well as on third party records of proxy statements and votes cast if the third party provides an undertaking to provide the documents promptly upon request.

 

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MONITORING

These Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures will be reviewed on a periodic basis.

RiverFront Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures

RiverFront Investment Group, LLC (RiverFront) is an investment advisor providing discretionary equity and fixed-income portfolio management services to corporations, retirement plans, endowment funds and foundations, individuals with substantial net worth, and financial institutions such as trust companies and bank trust departments (collectively, “Clients”). Unless a Client specifically directs otherwise in writing, the investment management agreements generally authorize RiverFront to vote proxies on behalf of Clients pursuant to RiverFront’s fiduciary obligations. RiverFront will vote proxies in the interest of maximizing value for RiverFront’s clients. RiverFront understands that proxies are an asset of a client, which should be treated with the same care, diligence, and loyalty as any asset belonging to a client. To that end, RiverFront will vote or withhold a decision to vote in a way that we believe will cause the value of the issue to increase the most or decline the least. In light of our fiduciary duties, and given the complexity of the issues that may be raised in connection with proxy votes, RiverFront has retained Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc. (“Broadridge”) to assist us voting client proxies. Broadridge specializes in providing a variety of fiduciary-level proxy-related services to investment managers. RiverFront’s proxy voting policy is available upon request. A Client may obtain a record of RiverFront’s proxy voting for such client or a copy of RiverFront’s proxy voting policy by contacting us at info@riverfrontig.com.

RiverFront uses the “Typical Investment Manager” policy under its Broadridge contract. According to materials provided by Glass Lewis, the entity that conducts proxy research for Broadridge:

“These guidelines are designed to maximize returns for investment advisors by voting in a manner that limits financial risks to investors to the greatest extent possible. The guidelines are designed to increase investor’s potential financial gain through the use of the shareholder vote. The guidelines will ensure that all issues brought to shareholders are analyzed in light of the fiduciary responsibilities unique to investment advisors and investment companies on behalf of individual investor clients including mutual fund shareholders. The guidelines will encourage the maximization of return for such clients through identifying and avoiding financial, audit and corporate governance risks.

 

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In voting to elect board nominees for uncontested seats, the following factors will be taken into account: (i) whether majority of the company’s directors are independent; (ii) whether key board committees are entirely composed of independent directors; (iii) excessive board memberships and professional time commitments to effectively serve the company’s board; and (iv) the attendance record of incumbent directors at board and committee meetings.

Equity compensation plans will also be reviewed on a case-by-case basis based upon their specific features. For example, stock option plans will be evaluated using criteria such as: (i) whether the plan is performance-based; (ii) dilution to existing shareholders; (iii) the cost of the plan; (iv) whether discounted options are allowed under the plan; (v) whether the plan authorizes the repricing of options or reload options without shareholder approval; and (vi) the equity overhang of all plans.

Similarly, employee stock purchase plans generally will be supported under the guidelines upon consideration of factors such as (i) whether the plan sets forth adequate limits on share issuance; (ii) whether participation limits are defined; and (iii) whether discounts to employees exceed a threshold amount.

These guidelines review and vote on shareholder proposals on a case-by-case basis. In accordance with this approach, these guidelines support a shareholder proposal upon the compelling showing that it has a substantial economic impact on shareholder value. As such, proposals that request that the company report on environmental, labor or human rights issues are only supported when such concerns pose a substantial risk to shareholder value.

Similarly, shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure of the company’s charitable or political contributions are not supported in the absence clear evidence that such matters present a substantial risk to the investment in the portfolio company. Furthermore, proposals asking for the company abide by the CERES principles, eliminate predatory pricing in the sales of pharmaceutical products, or adopt ethical standards for drug patent extensions will generally be voted against based upon this standard.

PROXY VOTING PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINES

The Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures are designed to ensure that proxies are voted in an appropriate manner and should complement Kotak Mahindra (UK) Limited (KMUK) investment policies and procedures regarding its general responsibility to monitor the performance and/or corporate events of companies that are issuers of securities held in the funds managed by Kotak.

1.1 Proxy Voting Policies

i) If a fund is the beneficial owner of no more than 5% of an issuer’s outstanding securities, the following policies will apply:

 

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Most of the securities held by a fund constitute a small percentage of the ownership of the issuer of such securities; therefore such issuers are not expected to be impacted by a fund’s proxy votes related to such securities. Accordingly, Kotak has determined that a fund’s interests will not be impacted by such proxy votes and that the benefits to a fund related to any such vote would be small and the costs associated with investigating how best to vote such proxies would exceed such benefits. Consequently, Kotak will not vote or evaluate proxies relating to a security if a fund is a beneficial owner of no more than five percent (5%) of the outstanding securities of such issuer. If however, it is believed that the subject matter of a proxy for any such security may nonetheless be material and that the vote may impact the outcome of a material event, Kotak shall vote the proxy in the same manner as outlined in (ii) below.

ii) If a fund is the beneficial owner of more than 5% of an issuer’s outstanding securities, the following policies will apply:

Kotak will evaluate proxies relating to a security if a fund is the beneficial owner of more than five percent (5%) of the outstanding securities of such issuer. Kotak shall vote these proxies in a manner that is in the best interest of the said fund. Only those factors that relate to a fund’s investment shall be considered, including how the result of the requested vote will economically impact and affect the value of the said fund’s investment (keeping in mind that, after conducting an appropriate cost-benefit analysis, avoiding further expense of investigation and not voting at all on a presented proposal may be in the best interest of the said fund).

In voting on each and every issue, Kotak and its employees shall vote in a prudent and timely fashion and only after a careful evaluation of the issue(s) presented on the ballot.

Kotak will cast the vote through the custodian (in case of U.S. registered funds, the global custodian acting through its sub-custodian) of the said fund.

iii) Conflicts of Interest

 

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In exercising its voting discretion, Kotak and its employees shall avoid any direct or indirect conflict of interest raised by such voting decision. Kotak will provide adequate disclosure to the said fund if any substantive aspect or foreseeable result of the subject matter to be voted upon raises an actual or potential conflict of interest to Kotak or:

 

   

any affiliate of Kotak. For purposes of these Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures, an affiliate means: (i) any person directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controlling, controlled by or under common control with Kotak; (ii) any officer, director, principal, partner, employer, or direct or indirect beneficial owner of either 10% or greater equity or voting interest of Kotak; or (iii) any other person for which a person described in clause (ii) acts in any such capacity;

 

   

any issuer of a security for which Kotak (or any affiliate of Kotak if Kotak is aware) acts as a sponsor, advisor, manager, custodian, distributor, underwriter, broker, or other similar capacity; or

 

   

any person with whom Kotak (or any affiliate of Kotak if Kotak is aware) has an existing, material contract or business relationship that was not entered into in the ordinary course of Kotak’s (or its affiliate’s) business.

(Each of the above persons being an “Interested Person.”)

Kotak will notify the fund in writing (the “Conflict Notice”), if an actual or potential conflict is found to exist. Written notification of the conflict shall be given to the said fund or the said fund’s designee in sufficient detail and with sufficient time to reasonably inform the fund of the actual or potential conflict involved. The Conflict Notice is expected to describe: (a) the proposal to be voted upon; (b) the actual or potential conflict of interest involved; (c) Kotak’s vote recommendation (with a summary of material factors supporting the recommended vote); and (d) if applicable, the relationship between Kotak and any Interested Person. The Conflict Notice should either request the said fund’s consent to Kotak’s vote recommendation or request the said fund to vote the proxy directly or through another designee of the said fund. The Conflict Notice and consent thereto may be sent or received, as the case may be, by mail, fax, electronic transmission or any other reliable form of communication that may be recalled, retrieved, produced, or printed in accordance with the recordkeeping policies and procedures of Kotak. If the fund (where the fund has not delegated such responsibility to Kotak) is unreachable or has not affirmatively responded before the response deadline for the matter being voted upon, Kotak may:

 

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a. engage a non-Interested Party to independently review the vote recommendation if the vote recommendation would fall in favor of Kotak’s interest (or the interest of an Interested Person) to confirm that Kotak’s vote recommendation is in the best interest of the said fund under the circumstances;

 

  b. cast its vote as recommended if the vote recommendation would fall against Kotak’s interest (or the interest of an Interested Person) and such vote recommendation is in the best interest of the said fund under the circumstances; or

 

  c. abstain from voting if such action is determined by Kotak to be in the best interest of the said fund under the circumstances.

For U.S. registered funds, Kotak shall keep certain records required by applicable U.S. law in connection with its proxy voting activities and shall provide proxy-voting information to the respective fund upon its written or oral request.

 

  1.2 Proxy Voting Procedures

Notwithstanding the variations among the Policies, all of the Policies have been designed with the uniform objective of encouraging corporate action that enhances shareholder value. Although for many matters the proxy voting policy below specifies the votes to be cast, for many others, the proxy voting policy contemplate case-by-case determinations. In addition, there will undoubtedly be proxy matters that are not contemplated by the proxy voting policy. For both of these categories of matters and to override the proxy voting policy, a certification and review process is to be completed before the vote is cast. Please see 1.3 Proxy Voting - Approval Form if there is a deviation from the policy/ if it is not covered by the guideline.

When the custodian receives notification from the Issuer regarding a proxy voting, the custodian will inform the Kotak BET team, who will then inform the fund manager of the fund. The fund manager will make the decision regarding the proxy. Upon being advised by the fund manager that it is necessary or desirable to vote on a particular matter relating to an investee company, the BET team shall instruct the custodian regarding the proxy voting.

Due to time constraints and local customs, it is not always possible for Kotak to receive and review all proxy materials in connection with each item submitted for a vote. Proxy materials are generally mailed by the issuer to the custodian who holds the securities for a fund in the country where the portfolio company is organized, and there may not be sufficient time for such materials to be transmitted to Kotak in time for a vote to be cast.

 

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The custodian is expected to:

 

   

promptly vote proxies received in a manner consistent with the Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures stated below and guidelines (if any) issued by the said fund, or

For U.S. registered funds, in accordance with SEC Rule 204-2(c)(2), the custodian shall retain in the respective fund’s file, the following:

 

   

A record of the vote cast, if any (unless this record is retained by a third party for the benefit of Kotak and the third party is able to promptly provide Kotak with a copy of the voting record upon its request);

 

   

A record recording the basis for the vote cast or if no vote is cast, a record of the analysis and determination that the cost of voting the proxy exceeds the benefit to the said fund of voting the proxy.

 

   

A copy of any document created by Kotak or its employees that was material in making the decision on how to vote the subject proxy; and

 

   

A copy of any Conflict Notice and/or conflict consent.

 

   

A copy of the proxy statement received, unless retained by a third party for the benefit of Kotak or the proxy statement is available from the SEC’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval (EDGAR) system; and

 

   

A copy of any request or any other written communication (including emails or other electronic communications) to or from the said fund regarding the subject proxy vote cast by, or the vote recommendation of, Kotak.

The above copies and records shall be retained in the said fund’s file for a period not less than five (5) years (or in the case of an employee benefit plan, no less than six (6) years), which shall be maintained at the appropriate office of Kotak.

 

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  1.3

Proxy Voting - Approval Form

Proxy Voting - Approval Form1 (to be completed by the fund manager)

 

S. No.    

 

         

1

 

  

Name of the Fund

 

    

2

 

  

Name of the investee company

 

    

 

 

1 

The form is to be used in all cases where the vote being cast is in deviation/ not covdered by the Proxy Voting Procedures and Guidelines of KMUK.

 

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3

 

  

Details of the matter being discussed in the proxy

 

    

4

 

  

Is the matter covered by the Proxy Voting Procedures and Guidelines of KMUK?

 

  

(  ) Yes

 

  

(  ) No

 

5

 

  

If yes, is the vote being cast in deviation from the Proxy Voting Procedures and Guidelines of KMUK?

 

    

6

 

  

What is the rationale for deviating from the Proxy Voting Procedures and Guidelines of KMUK?

 

    

7

 

  

If the answer to question 4 is No then how do you plan to vote in the matter?

 

    

8

 

  

What is the rationale for your above decision?

 

    

9

 

  

Any other comments

 

    

Signature of Fund Manager:

  

Signature of

 

Approving

 

Authority2:

 

 

 

1 

The form is to be used in all cases where the vote being cast is in deviation/ not covdered by the Proxy Voting Procedures and Guidelines of KMUK.

 

2 

The Approving Authority shall either be the Head of Asset Management of Kotak Mahindra Group OR the Head of International Business.

 

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Name of Fund Manager:

  

 

Name of

 

Approving

 

Authority:

 

 

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