Consolidated Investment Products (CIP)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Consolidated Investment Products [Abstract]

The following table presents the balances related to CIP that are included on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as well as Invesco’s net interest in the CIP for each period presented. See the company’s most recently filed Form 10-K for additional disclosures on valuation methodology and fair value.



	As of
$ in millions	March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019
Cash and cash equivalents of CIP	289.0		652.2
Accounts receivable and other assets of CIP	359.5		172.9
Investments of CIP	7,563.9		7,808.0
Less: Debt of CIP	(6,172.7	)	(6,234.6	)
Less: Other liabilities of CIP	(881.6	)	(949.6	)
Less: Retained earnings	9.6		9.5
Less: Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax	(9.5	)	(9.4	)
Less: Equity attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	(176.5	)	(383.5	)
Less: Equity attributable to nonredeemable noncontrolling interests	(442.2	)	(454.9	)
Invesco’s net interests in CIP	539.5		610.6

The following table reflects the impact of consolidation of investment products into the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:



	Three months ended March 31,
$ in millions	2020		2019
Total operating revenues	(8.9	)	(8.7	)
Total operating expenses	17.0		2.8
Operating income	(25.9	)	(11.5	)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates	(16.6	)	6.5
Interest and dividend income	(0.1	)	(1.3	)
Other gains and losses, net	41.8		(20.7	)
Interest and dividend income of CIP	85.2		84.7
Interest expense of CIP	(56.9	)	(58.0	)
Other gains/(losses) of CIP, net	(48.4	)	12.2
Income before income taxes	(20.8	)	11.9
Income tax provision	—		—
Net income	(20.8	)	11.9
Net (income)/loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities	20.7		(12.9	)
Net income attributable to Invesco Ltd.	(0.1	)	(1.0	)

Non-consolidated VIEs

At March 31, 2020, the company’s carrying value and maximum risk of loss with respect to variable interest entities (VIEs) in which the company is not the primary beneficiary was $163 million (December 31, 2019: $188 million).

Balance Sheet information - newly consolidated VIEs/VOEs

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, there were three newly consolidated VIEs and no newly consolidated voting rights entities (VOEs) (March 31, 2019: there was one newly consolidated VIE). The table below illustrates the summary balance sheet amounts related to these products before consolidation into the company. The balances below are reflective of the balances existing at the consolidation date after the initial funding of the investments by the company and unrelated third-party investors. The current period activity for the consolidated funds, including the initial funding and subsequent investment of initial cash balances into underlying investments of CIP, is reflected in the company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.



	For the three months ended March 31, 2020	For the three months ended March 31, 2019
$ in millions	VIEs	VIEs
Cash and cash equivalents of CIP	2.4	0.4
Accounts receivable and other assets of CIP	0.1	2.7
Investments of CIP	26.3	105.9
Total assets	28.8	109.0

Debt of CIP	2.0	97.8
Other liabilities of CIP	15.9	11.2
Total liabilities	17.9	109.0
Total equity	10.9	—
Total liabilities and equity	28.8	109.0

Balance Sheet information - deconsolidated VIEs/VOEs

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the company determined that it was no longer the primary beneficiary of five VIEs and no longer held the majority voting interest in nine VOEs (March 31, 2019: the company determined that it was

no longer the primary beneficiary of one VIE and no longer held the majority voting interest in two VOEs). The amounts deconsolidated from the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are illustrated in the table below. There was no net impact to the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 from the deconsolidation of these investment products.



	For the three months ended March 31, 2020		For the three months ended March 31, 2019
$ in millions	VIEs	VOEs	VIEs	VOEs
Cash and cash equivalents of CIP	0.1	0.2	—	—
Accounts receivable and other assets of CIP	2.9	1.0	—	—
Investments of CIP	127.3	106.0	6.3	4.6
Total assets	130.3	107.2	6.3	4.6

Debt of CIP	—	—	—	—
Other liabilities of CIP	1.5	—	—	—
Total liabilities	1.5	—	—	—
Total equity	128.8	107.2	6.3	4.6
Total liabilities and equity	130.3	107.2	6.3	4.6

The following tables present the fair value hierarchy levels of certain CIP balances which are measured at fair value as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:



	As of March 31, 2020
$ in millions	Fair Value Measurements	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)	Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)	Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)	Investments Measured at NAV as a practical expedient
Assets:
Bank loans	6,467.6	—	6,467.6	—	—
Bonds	552.3	0.4	551.9	—	—
Equity securities	206.8	124.9	81.9	—	—
Equity and fixed income mutual funds	27.0	17.5	9.5	—	—
Investments in other private equity funds	220.8	—	9.0	—	211.8
Real estate investments	89.4	—	—	89.4	—
Total assets at fair value	7,563.9	142.8	7,119.9	89.4	211.8



	As of December 31, 2019
$ in millions	Fair Value Measurements	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)	Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)	Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)	Investments Measured at NAV as a practical expedient
Assets:
Bank loans	6,504.4	—	6,504.4	—	—
Bonds	705.9	0.5	705.4	—	—
Equity securities	275.9	204.4	71.5	—	—
Equity and fixed income mutual funds	29.8	20.3	9.5	—	—
Investments in other private equity funds	213.4	—	—	—	213.4
Real estate investments	78.6	—	—	78.6	—
Total assets at fair value	7,808.0	225.2	7,290.8	78.6	213.4

The following tables show a reconciliation of the beginning and ending fair value measurements for level 3 assets using significant unobservable inputs:



	Three months ended March 31, 2020	Three months ended March 31, 2019
$ in millions	Level 3 Assets	Level 3 Assets
Beginning balance	78.6	11.8
Purchases	—	—
Gains and losses included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income ⁽¹⁾	10.8	0.3
Ending balance	89.4	12.2

____________


(1)	Included in gains/(losses) of CIP, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2020 are $10.8 million in net unrealized gains attributable to investments still held at March 31, 2020 by CIP (for the three months ended March 31, 2019: $0.3 million in net unrealized gains are attributable to investments still held at March 31, 2019 by CIP).

The collateral assets held by consolidated CLOs are primarily invested in senior secured bank loans, bonds, and equity securities. Bank loan investments of $6,427.7 million, which comprise the majority of consolidated CLO portfolio collateral, are senior secured corporate loans from a variety of industries, including but not limited to the aerospace and defense, broadcasting, technology, utilities, household products, healthcare, oil and gas, and finance industries. Bank loan investments mature at various dates between 2020 and 2029, pay interest at LIBOR plus a spread of up to 10.0%, and typically range in S&P credit rating categories from BBB down to unrated. Approximately less than 0.09% of the collateral assets were in default as of March 31, 2020 and 2019. Interest income on bank loans and bonds is recognized based on the unpaid principal balance and stated interest rate of these investments on an accrual basis. At March 31, 2020, the unpaid principal balance exceeds the fair value of the senior secured bank loans and bonds by approximately $198.5 million (December 31, 2019: the unpaid principal balance exceeded the fair value of the senior secured bank loans and bonds by approximately $181.2 million). However, these investments are accounted for on a one-month lag based on the availability of fund financial information which means the fair value does not reflect the market disruption that occurred during March 2020. CLO investments are valued based on price quotations provided by third-party pricing sources. These third-party sources aggregate indicative price quotations to provide the company with a price for the CLO investments. The company has developed internal controls to review the reasonableness and completeness of these price quotations. If necessary, price quotations are challenged through a third-party pricing challenge process.

Notes issued by consolidated CLOs mature at various dates between 2026 and 2032 and have a weighted average maturity of 10.61 years. The notes are issued in various tranches with different risk profiles. The interest rates are generally variable rates based on LIBOR plus a pre-defined spread, which varies from 0.55% for the more senior tranches to 8.07% for the more subordinated tranches. The investors in this debt are not affiliated with the company and have no recourse to the general credit of the company for this debt.

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

At March 31, 2020, there were $89.4 million of investments held by consolidated real estate funds that were valued using recent private market transactions.

At December 31, 2019, there were $78.6 million of investments held by consolidated real estate funds that were valued using recent private market transactions.

The table below summarizes as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the nature of investments that are valued using the NAV as a practical expedient and any related liquidation restrictions or other factors which may impact the ultimate value realized. These investments are valued on a three-month lag based on the availability of fund financial information.

March 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

in millions, except term data

Fair Value

Total Unfunded Commitments

Weighted Average Remaining Term ⁽²⁾

Fair Value

Total Unfunded Commitments

Weighted Average Remaining Term ⁽²⁾

Private equity funds ⁽¹⁾

$211.8

$72.3

6.8 years

$213.4

$78.3

6.7 years

____________


(1)	These investments are not subject to redemption; however, for certain funds, the investors may sell or transfer their interest, which may require approval by the general partner of the underlying funds.

(2)

These investments are expected to be returned through distributions because of liquidations of the funds’ underlying assets over the weighted average periods indicated.