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Note 6 - Leases

12 Months Ended

Jan. 31, 2024

Lessee, Operating and Finance Leases [Text Block]

Note 6 - Leases

The Company accounts for its leases under ASC 842, Leases. Under this guidance, arrangements meeting the definition of a lease are classified as operating or financing leases, and are recorded on the consolidated balance sheets. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, operating lease liabilities short-term, and operating lease liabilities long-term in the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property, plant and equipment, current maturities of long-term debt, and long-term debt less current maturities in the Company's consolidated balance sheets.

ROU assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company's obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease calculated by discounting fixed lease payments over the lease term at the rate implicit in the lease or the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. Lease liabilities are increased by interest and reduced by payments each period, and the ROU asset is amortized over the lease term. For operating leases, interest on the lease liability and the amortization of the ROU asset result in straight-line rent expense over the lease term. For finance leases, interest on the lease liability and the amortization of the ROU asset results in front-loaded expense over the lease term. Variable lease expenses are recorded when incurred. ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date of the lease based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term.

As most of the Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate is the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term and amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment.

In calculating the ROU asset and lease liability, the Company elects to combine lease and non-lease components. Additionally, the Company excludes short-term leases having an initial term of 12 months or less in accordance with the new guidance as an accounting policy election, and recognizes rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Operating Leases. In August 2020, the Company entered into a new lease in Abu Dhabi for land upon which the Company has built a production facility. The annual payments are approximately 1.2 million U.A.E. Dirhams (approximately $0.3 million at January 31, 2024), inclusive of rent and common charges, with escalation clauses in the agreement. Rent payments were deferred until August 2022 and have now commenced. The lease expires in August 2050.

In March and December 2022, the Company served Notices of Termination to its lessor for the Company's lease of the land and buildings in Fujairah in the U.A.E. The Company served the Notices of Termination in connection with the Company's intended relocation to a different facility in Abu Dhabi. The Company vacated portions of the leased space in December 2022 and is expected to vacate the remaining space in December 2024. The first Notice of Termination required that the Company pay an additional amount equal to three months' rent after that termination to enable the lessor to prepare the assets for lease by another party. As a result of the termination, the Company has recognized adjustments to the amounts recorded in the consolidated financial statements as of January 31, 2023. The termination resulted in decreases of $0.4 million, $6.0 million and $5.5 million to operating lease liability short-term, operating lease liability long-term and operating lease right-of-use asset, respectively, in the consolidated balance sheets as of January 31, 2023. The termination also resulted in a decrease in rent expense of $1.1 million in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended January 31, 2023. There were no other adjustments in connection with these terminations for the year ended January 31, 2024.

At January 31, 2024, the Company had total operating lease liabilities of $7.2 million and operating ROU assets of $6.5 million, which are reflected in the consolidated balance sheets.

Finance Leases. The Company has several significant lease agreements, with lease terms of one to thirty years, which consist of real estate, vehicles and office equipment leases. These leases do not require any contingent rental payments, impose any financial restrictions or contain any residual value guarantees. Certain of the Company’s leases include renewal options and escalation clauses; renewal options have not been included in the calculation of the lease liabilities and ROU assets as the Company is not reasonably certain to exercise the options. Variable expenses generally represent the Company’s share of the landlord’s operating expenses. The Company does not have any arrangements where it acts as a lessor, other than one sub-lease arrangement.

At January 31, 2024, the Company also had finance lease liabilities of $0.1 million included in current maturities of long-term debt and long-term debt less current maturities, and finance ROU assets of $0.4 million which were included in property plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation in the consolidated balance sheets.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows:

Operating and Finance leases	*January 31, 2024*			*January 31, 2023*
Finance lease assets
Property and Equipment - gross	$	970		$	1,161
Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(536	)		(700	)
Property and Equipment - net	$	434		$	461

Finance lease liabilities
Finance lease liability short-term	$	113		$	164
Finance lease liability long-term		-			-
Total finance lease liabilities	$	113		$	164

Operating lease assets
Operating lease ROU assets	$	6,467		$	4,527

Operating lease liabilities
Operating lease liability short-term	$	914		$	912
Operating lease liability long-term		6,270			4,252
Total operating lease liabilities	$	7,184		$	5,164

Total lease costs consist of the following:

Lease costs	Consolidated Statements of Operations Classification	Year Ended January 31, 2024			Year Ended January 31, 2023

Finance Lease Costs
Amortization of ROU assets	Cost of sales	$	162		$	233
Interest on lease liabilities	Interest expense		9			28
Operating lease costs	Cost of sales, SG&A expenses		1,888			1,388
Short-term lease costs (1)	Cost of sales, SG&A expenses		530			421
Sub-lease income	SG&A expenses		(61	)		(81	)
*Total Lease costs*		$	2,528		$	1,989

(1) Includes variable lease costs, which are not material

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows:

	*Year Ended January 31,*
	*2024*		*2023*
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Financing cash flows from finance leases	$	193	$	338
Operating cash flows from finance leases		9		28
Operating cash flows from operating leases		1,789		1,839

ROU Assets obtained in exchange for new lease obligations:
Finance leases liabilities	$	139	$	-
Operating leases liabilities		4,988		143

Weighted-average lease terms and discount rates are as follows:

	*January 31, 2024*			*January 31, 2023*

Weighted-average remaining lease terms (in years)
Finance leases		3.3			0.5
Operating leases	13.7				19.6

Weighted-average discount rates:
Finance leases		6.8	%		12.0	%
Operating leases		9.3	%		8.2	%

Maturities of lease liabilities as of January 31, 2024, are as follows:

Year	*Operating Leases*			*Finance Leases*
For the year ended January 31, 2025	$	1,871		$	39
For the year ended January 31, 2026		1,714			39
For the year ended January 31, 2027		1,701			39
For the year ended January 31, 2028		1,656			10
For the year ended January 31, 2029		1,286			-
Thereafter		7,481			-
Total lease payments		15,709			127
Less: amount representing interest		(8,525	)		(14	)
Total lease liabilities at January 31, 2023	$	7,184		$	113

Rent expense on operating leases, which is recorded on a straight-line basis, was $2.4 million and $1.7 million for the years ended January 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.