NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation: The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial reporting and with applicable quarterly reporting regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC). They do not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. Therefore, these consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the C&F Financial Corporation Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of C&F Financial Corporation (the Corporation) and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Citizens and Farmers Bank (the Bank or C&F Bank). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. In addition, the Corporation owns C&F Financial Statutory Trust I, C&F Financial Statutory Trust II and Central Virginia Bankshares Statutory Trust I, all of which are unconsolidated subsidiaries. The subordinated debt owed to these trusts is reported as a liability of the Corporation.

Nature of Operations: The Corporation is a bank holding company incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The Corporation owns all of the stock of its subsidiary, C&F Bank, which is an independent commercial bank chartered under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia.

The Bank has five wholly-owned subsidiaries: C&F Mortgage Corporation and Subsidiary (C&F Mortgage), C&F Finance Company (C&F Finance), C&F Wealth Management Corporation (C&F Wealth Management), C&F Insurance Services, Inc. and CVB Title Services, Inc., all incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia. C&F Mortgage, organized in September 1995, was formed to originate and sell residential mortgages and through its subsidiary, Certified Appraisals LLC, provides ancillary mortgage loan production services for residential appraisals. C&F Finance, acquired on September 1, 2002, is a finance company purchasing automobile loans through indirect lending programs. C&F Wealth Management, organized in April 1995 as C&F Investment Services, Inc. and renamed in May 2015, is a full-service brokerage firm offering a comprehensive range of investment services and insurance products through an alliance with an independent broker/dealer. C&F Insurance Services, Inc., organized in July 1999, owns an equity interest in an insurance agency that sells insurance products to customers of C&F Bank, C&F Mortgage and other financial institutions that have an equity interest in the agency. CVB Title Services, Inc. was organized for the primary purpose of owning membership interests in two insurance-related limited liability companies. Business segment data is presented in Note 8.

Basis of Presentation: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, the allowance for indemnifications, impairment of loans, impairment of securities, the valuation of other real estate owned, the projected benefit obligation under the defined benefit pension plan, the valuation of deferred taxes, fair value measurements and goodwill impairment. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations in these financial statements, have been made.

Reclassification: Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current period presentation. None of these reclassifications are considered material.

Derivative Financial Instruments: The Corporation recognizes derivative financial instruments at fair value as either an other asset or other liability in the consolidated balance sheet. The Corporation’s derivative financial instruments may include (1) the fair value of interest rate lock commitments (IRLCs) on mortgage loans that will be sold in the secondary market on a best efforts basis and the related forward commitments to sell mortgage loans, (2) the fair value of interest rate swaps with certain qualifying commercial loan customers and dealer counterparties and (3) interest rate swaps that qualify as cash flow hedges on the Corporation’s trust preferred capital notes. Because the IRLCs, forward sales commitments and interest rate swaps with loan customers and dealer counterparties are not designated as hedging instruments, adjustments to reflect unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value of these instruments are reported as noninterest income. The effective portion of the gain or loss on the Corporation’s cash flow hedges is reported as a component of other comprehensive income, net of deferred income taxes, and reclassified into earnings in the same period(s) during which the hedged transactions affect earnings.

Share-Based Compensation: Shared-based compensation expense for the third quarter and the first nine months of 2016 included expense, net of forfeitures, of $299,000 ($185,000 after tax) and $914,000 ($567,000 after tax), respectively, for restricted stock granted during 2011 through 2016. As of September 30, 2016, there was $2.50 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock that will be recognized over the remaining requisite service periods.

A summary of activity for restricted stock awards during the first nine months of 2016 and 2015 is presented below:


	2016
		Weighted-
		Average
		Grant Date
	Shares	Fair Value
Unvested, December 31, 2015	137,200	$	36.50
Granted	17,365		38.42
Vested	(11,500)		30.33
Forfeited	(1,650)		39.31
Unvested, September 30, 2016	141,415	$	37.20


	2015
		Weighted-
		Average
		Grant Date
	Shares	Fair Value
Unvested, December 31, 2014	135,600	$	34.34
Granted	16,700		37.72
Vested	(12,600)		25.78
Forfeited	(5,075)		44.44
Unvested, September 30, 2015	134,625	$	35.18

Stock option activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 and stock options outstanding at September 30, 2016 and 2015 are summarized below:


					Intrinsic
					Value of
					Unexercised
				Remaining	In-The
				Contractual	Money
		Exercise		Life	Options
	Shares	Price*		(in years)*	(in 000’s)
Options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2015	24,000	$	38.39	0.8	$	22
Exercised	(6,400)		37.17
Expired	(12,000)	$	39.60
Options outstanding and exercisable at September 30, 2016	5,600	$	37.17	0.6	$	33


					Intrinsic
					Value of
					Unexercised
				Remaining	In-The
				Contractual	Money
		Exercise		Life	Options
	Shares	Price*		(in years)*	(in 000’s)
Options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2014	100,762	$	37.75	0.9	$	—
Expired	(12,000)	$	35.20
Options outstanding and exercisable at September 30, 2015	88,762	$	38.10	0.5	$	—

* Weighted average

Recent Significant Accounting Pronouncements:

In January 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-01, “Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” The amendments in ASU 2016-01 require, among other things, equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income; public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes; and separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset (i.e., securities or loans and receivables). It also eliminates the requirement for public business entities to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost. The amendments in this ASU are effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Corporation is currently assessing the effect that ASU 2016-01 may have on its financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” Among other things, in the amendments in ASU 2016-02, lessees will be required to recognize the following for all leases (with the exception of short-term leases) at the commencement date: (1) a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (2) a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged. Certain targeted improvements were made to align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model and Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application is permitted upon issuance. Lessees (for capital and operating leases) and lessors (for sales-type, direct financing, and operating leases) must apply a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The modified retrospective approach would not require any transition accounting for leases that expired before the earliest comparative period presented. Lessees and lessors may not apply a full retrospective transition approach. The Corporation is currently assessing the effect that ASU 2016-02 may have on its financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-05, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Effect of Derivative Contract Novations on Existing Hedge Accounting Relationships.” The amendments in this ASU clarify that a change in the counterparty to a derivative instrument that has been designated as the hedging instrument does not, in and of itself, require dedesignation of that hedging relationship provided that all other hedge accounting criteria remain intact. The amendments are effective for public business entities for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Corporation does not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-05 will have a material effect on its financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, “Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting”, in an effort to improve the accounting for employee share-based payments. ASU 2016-09 simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment award transactions, such as accounting for income taxes, classification of excess tax benefits on the Statement of Cash Flows, accounting for forfeitures, minimum statutory tax withholding requirements and classification of employee taxes paid on the Statement of Cash Flows. For public business entities, the amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted for any organization in any interim or annual period. The Corporation is currently assessing the effect that ASU 2016-09 may have on its financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments”, as part of its project on financial instruments. ASU 2016-13 introduces an approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments. It also modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities and provides for a simplified accounting model for purchased financial assets with credit deterioration since their origination. For public business entities that are SEC filers, the new standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption will be permitted for all organizations for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. The Corporation is currently assessing the effect that ASU 2016-13 may have on its financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments”, to address diversity in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. The amendments are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments should be applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. If retrospective application is impractical for some of the issues addressed by the update, the amendments for those issues would be applied prospectively as of the earliest date practicable. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Corporation is currently assessing the effect that ASU 2016-15 may have on its financial statements.

Other accounting standards that have been issued by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies are not expected to have a material effect on the Corporation’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.