Variable Interest Entities	12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Variable Interest Entities	VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES Upsilon RFO Upsilon RFO Re Ltd. (“Upsilon RFO”) is an exempted company incorporated in Bermuda and registered as a segregated accounts company and as a collateralized insurer, Upsilon RFO currently has four segregated accounts (Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II, III and IV). RenaissanceRe indirectly owns a portion of the participating non-voting preference shares of three of the existing segregated accounts of Upsilon RFO (Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III) and all of Upsilon RFO’s voting Class A shares. The shareholders (other than the voting Class A shareholder) participate in all of the profits or losses of Upsilon RFO while their shares remain outstanding. The shareholders (other than the voting Class A shareholder) indemnify Upsilon RFO against losses relating to insurance risk and therefore these shares have been accounted for as prospective reinsurance under FASB ASC Topic Financial Services - Insurance. Upsilon RFO is considered a VIE as it has insufficient equity capital to finance its activities without additional financial support. The Company is the primary beneficiary of Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III as it has the power over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of those segregated accounts and has the obligation to absorb expected losses and the right to receive expected benefits that could be significant to those segregated accounts, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the Company consolidates Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III and all significant inter-company transactions have been eliminated. The Company has determined that is not the primary beneficiary of Upsilon RFO Diversified IV, as it does not have the obligation to absorb expected losses and the right to receive expected benefits that could be significant to that segregated account, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the Company does not consolidate the financial position or results of operations of Upsilon RFO Diversified IV. The Company does not have, has not previously had, and does not expect to have, a material investment in Upsilon RFO Diversified IV. In addition, the Company expects its absolute and relative ownership in Upsilon RFO Diversified IV to remain minimal. Other than its equity investments in Upsilon RFO, the Company has not provided financial or other support to Upsilon RFO that it was not contractually required to provide. 2023 During 2023 and following the release of collateral that was previously held by cedants associated with prior years’ contracts, Upsilon RFO returned $988.5 million of capital to investors of Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III, including $125.5 million to the Company. Also during 2023, Upsilon RFO issued $39.8 million of non-voting preference shares to existing investors of Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III, including $10.2 million to the Company, and $81.4 million of non-voting preference shares to external investors of Upsilon RFO Diversified IV. At December 31, 2023, the Company’s participation in the risks assumed by Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III was 14.3%. At December 31, 2023, the Company’s consolidated balance sheet included total assets and total liabilities of Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III of $2.4 billion and $2.4 billion, respectively (2022 - $3.7 billion and $3.7 billion, respectively). Of the total assets and liabilities of Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III, a net amount of $74.2 million (2022 - $165.3 million) is attributable to the Company, and $500.0 million (2022 - $1.2 billion) is attributable to third-party investors. Of the total assets and liabilities of Upsilon RFO Diversified IV, a net amount of $88.3 million is attributable to third-party investors. 2022 During 2022, $89.0 million of Upsilon RFO non-voting preference shares were issued to existing investors, including $10.0 million to the Company. In addition, during 2022 and following the release of collateral that was previously held by cedants associated with prior years’ contracts, Upsilon RFO returned $508.9 million of capital to its investors, including $83.1 million to the Company. At December 31, 2022, the Company's participation in the risks assumed by Upsilon RFO was 12.7%. Upsilon Diversified RenaissanceRe Upsilon Diversified Fund (“Upsilon Diversified”) is a segregated account of RenaissanceRe Upsilon Fund Ltd., (“Upsilon Fund”), an exempted company incorporated in Bermuda and registered as a segregated accounts company and a Class A Professional Fund, and provides a fund structure through which investors can invest in reinsurance risk managed by the Company, which includes investments in Upsilon RFO and Medici. The Company concluded that Upsilon Diversified meets the definition of a VIE as the voting rights are not proportional with the obligations to absorb losses and rights to receive residual returns. The Company evaluated its relationship with Upsilon Diversified and concluded it is not the primary beneficiary of Upsilon Diversified, as it does not have the obligation to absorb expected losses and the right to receive expected benefits that could be significant to Upsilon Diversified, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the Company does not consolidate the financial position or results of operations of Upsilon Diversified. Upsilon Diversified meets the definition of an investment company in accordance with accounting guidance, and accordingly, is required to account for all of its investments, including its investments in Upsilon RFO and Medici, at fair value. The Company does not have, has not previously had, and does not expect to have, a material investment in Upsilon Diversified. In addition, the Company expects its absolute and relative ownership in Upsilon Diversified to remain minimal. Other than its current equity investment in Upsilon Diversified, the Company has not provided financial or other support to Upsilon Diversified that it was not contractually required to provide. The total assets of Upsilon Diversified principally reflect its investment in Upsilon RFO. 2023 During 2023 and following the release of collateral from Upsilon RFO, Upsilon Diversified returned $844.1 million of capital to investors, including $1.2 million to the Company. In addition, during 2023, Upsilon Diversified issued $30.0 million of non-voting preference shares to existing investors, including $0.1 million to the Company. The fair value of the Company’s indirect equity ownership in Upsilon Diversified is included in investments in other ventures and was $0.8 million at December 31, 2023 (2022 - $1.9 million). At December 31, 2023, the total assets and total liabilities of Upsilon Diversified were $600.8 million and $108.0 million, respectively (2022 - $1.2 billion and $32.1 million, respectively). Upsilon Diversified’s investment in Upsilon RFO was valued at $503.1 million at December 31, 2023 (2022 - $1.2 billion). 2022 During 2022 and following the release of collateral from Upsilon RFO, Upsilon Diversified returned $143.5 million of capital to investors, including $Nil to the Company. Also during 2022, Upsilon Diversified issued $82.5 million of non-voting preference shares to existing investors, including $Nil to the Company. NOC1 NOC1 is a segregated account of Upsilon Fund formed in the second quarter of 2023, that provides a fund structure through which investors can invest in a portfolio of insurance-linked securities, principally catastrophe bonds. The Company concluded that NOC1 meets the definition of a VIE as the voting rights are not proportional with the obligations to absorb losses and rights to receive residual returns. The Company evaluated its relationship with NOC1 and concluded it is not the primary beneficiary of NOC1, as it does not have the obligation to absorb expected losses and the right to receive expected benefits that could be significant to NOC1, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the Company does not consolidate the financial position or results of operations of NOC1. The Company does not have, and does not expect to have, a material investment in NOC 1 and expects its absolute and relative ownership in NOC1 to remain minimal. Other than its current equity investment in NOC1, the Company has not provided financial or other support to NOC1 that it was not contractually required to provide. 2023 During 2023, NOC1 issued $161.5 million of non-voting preference shares to existing investors, including $1.6 million to the Company. The fair value of the Company’s indirect equity ownership in NOC1 is included in investments in other ventures and was $1.7 million at December 31, 2023. At December 31, 2023, the total assets and total liabilities of NOC1 were $196.5 million and $22.8 million, respectively. Vermeer Vermeer provides capacity focused on risk remote layers in the U.S. property catastrophe market. Refer to “Note 10. Noncontrolling Interests” for additional information regarding Vermeer. At December 31, 2023, the Company’s consolidated balance sheet included total assets and total liabilities of Vermeer of $1.7 billion and $102.7 million, respectively (2022 - $1.6 billion and $144.9 million, respectively). In addition, the Company’s consolidated balance sheet included redeemable noncontrolling interests associated with Vermeer of $1.6 billion at December 31, 2023 (2022 - $1.5 billion). Fontana Fontana provides reinsurance capacity focused on business written within the Company’s Casualty and Specialty segment. Refer to “Note 10. Noncontrolling Interests” for additional information regarding Fontana. At December 31, 2023, the Company’s consolidated balance sheet included total assets and total liabilities of Fontana of $1.5 billion and $968.5 million, respectively (2022 - $711.0 million and $319.2 million, respectively). In addition, the Company’s consolidated balance sheet included redeemable noncontrolling interests associated with Fontana of $353.8 million at December 31, 2023 (2022 - $268.0 million). Mona Lisa Re Ltd. Mona Lisa Re Ltd. (“Mona Lisa Re”), a Bermuda domiciled special purpose insurer (“SPI”), provides reinsurance capacity to subsidiaries of RenaissanceRe through reinsurance agreements which are collateralized and funded by Mona Lisa Re through the issuance of one or more series of principal-at-risk variable rate notes to third-party investors and the Company. Upon issuance of a series of notes by Mona Lisa Re, all of the proceeds from the issuance are deposited into collateral accounts, separated by series, to fund any potential obligation under the reinsurance agreements entered into with Renaissance Reinsurance and/or DaVinci Reinsurance underlying such series of notes. The outstanding principal amount of each series of notes generally will be returned to holders of such notes upon the expiration of the risk period underlying such notes, unless an event occurs which causes a loss under the applicable series of notes, in which case the amount returned will be reduced by such noteholder’s pro rata share of such loss, as specified in the applicable governing documents of such notes. In addition, holders of such notes are generally entitled to interest payments, payable quarterly, as determined by the applicable governing documents of each series of notes. The Company concluded that Mona Lisa Re meets the definition of a VIE as it does not have sufficient equity capital to finance its activities. The Company evaluated its relationship with Mona Lisa Re and concluded it is not the primary beneficiary of Mona Lisa Re as it does not have the power over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of Mona Lisa Re, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the financial position and results of operations of Mona Lisa Re are not consolidated by the Company. The only transactions related to Mona Lisa Re that are recorded in the Company’s consolidated financial statements are the ceded reinsurance agreements entered into by Renaissance Reinsurance and DaVinci Reinsurance which are accounted for as prospective reinsurance under FASB ASC Topic Financial Services - Insurance, and the fair value of the principal-at-risk variable rate notes owned by the Company. Other than its investment in the principal-at-risk variable rate notes of Mona Lisa Re, the Company has not provided financial or other support to Mona Lisa Re that it was not contractually required to provide. Renaissance Reinsurance and DaVinci Reinsurance have together entered into ceded reinsurance contracts with Mona Lisa Re with ceded premiums written of $32.8 million and $8.2 million, respectively, during 2023 (2022 - $39.6 million and $9.9 million, respectively, 2021 - $39.5 million and $9.9 million, respectively). In addition, Renaissance Reinsurance and DaVinci Reinsurance recognized ceded premiums earned related to the ceded reinsurance contracts with Mona Lisa Re of $32.8 million and $8.2 million, respectively, during 2023 (2022 - $39.4 million and $9.8 million, respectively, 2021 - $32.5 million and $8.1 million, respectively). Effective June 29, 2021, Mona Lisa Re issued a series of principal-at-risk variable rate notes to investors for a total principal amount of $250.0 million. Effective January 10, 2020, Mona Lisa Re issued two series of principal-at-risk variable rate notes to investors for principal amounts of $250.0 million and $150.0 million. At December 31, 2023, the total assets and total liabilities of Mona Lisa Re were $436.9 million and $436.9 million, respectively (2022 - $654.8 million and $654.8 million, respectively). The fair value of the Company’s investment in the principal-at-risk variable rate notes of Mona Lisa Re is included in other investments. Net of third-party investors, the fair value of the Company’s investment in Mona Lisa Re was $2.2 million at December 31, 2023 (2022 - $5.7 million). Tailwind Re Ltd. Tailwind Re Ltd. (“Tailwind Re”), a Bermuda domiciled SPI provides reinsurance capacity to Validus through reinsurance agreements which are collateralized and funded by Tailwind Re through the issuance of one or more series of principal-at-risk variable rate notes to third-party investors and the Company. Upon issuance of a series of notes by Tailwind Re, all of the proceeds from the issuance are deposited into collateral accounts, separated by series, to fund any potential obligation under the reinsurance agreements entered into with Validus underlying such series of notes. The outstanding principal amount of each series of notes generally will be returned to holders of such notes upon the expiration of the risk period underlying such notes, unless an event occurs which causes a loss under the applicable series of notes, in which case the amount returned will be reduced by such noteholder’s pro rata share of such loss, as specified in the applicable governing documents of such notes. In addition, holders of such notes are generally entitled to interest payments, payable quarterly, as determined by the applicable governing documents of each series of notes. The Company concluded that Tailwind Re meets the definition of a VIE as it does not have sufficient equity capital to finance its activities. The Company evaluated its relationship with Tailwind Re and concluded it is not the primary beneficiary of Tailwind Re as it does not have the power over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of Tailwind Re, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the financial position and results of operations of Tailwind Re are not consolidated by the Company. The only transactions related to Tailwind Re that are recorded in the Company’s consolidated financial statements are the ceded reinsurance agreements entered into by Validus, which are accounted for as prospective reinsurance under FASB ASC Topic Financial Services - Insurance, and the fair value of the principal-at-risk variable rate notes owned by the Company. Other than its investment in the principal-at-risk variable rate notes of Tailwind Re, the Company has not provided financial or other support to Tailwind Re that it was not contractually required to provide. Validus has entered into ceded reinsurance contracts with Tailwind Re with ceded premiums written of $Nil during 2023. In addition, Validus recognized ceded premiums earned related to the ceded reinsurance contracts with Tailwind Re of $6.5 million during 2023. At December 31, 2023, the total assets and total liabilities of Tailwind Re were $417.1 million and $417.1 million, respectively. The fair value of the Company’s investment in the principal-at-risk variable rate notes of Tailwind Re is included in other investments. Net of third-party investors, the fair value of the Company’s investment in Tailwind Re was $0.8 million at December 31, 2023. AlphaCat In connection with the Validus Acquisition, the Company acquired AlphaCat Managers Ltd. (“AlphaCat Managers”), which manages third-party capital in various forms, including through closed-end and open-end Bermuda mutual funds and one managed account (collectively, the “AlphaCat Funds”), which currently generates fee income. The AlphaCat Funds are primarily funded by third-party capital investors and controlled by external boards unaffiliated with the Company. The AlphaCat Funds are invested in various risk-linked instruments through variable funding notes issued by AlphaCat Reinsurance Ltd. (“AlphaCat Re”), AlphaCat Master Fund Ltd. and OmegaCat Reinsurance Ltd. (“OmegaCat Re”), which give investors access to a range of property catastrophe risks. Prior to the Validus Acquisition, substantially all of the AlphaCat Funds had received full redemption requests from their investors and capital was being released accordingly, subject to certain constraints. The Company expects to run off the business over a period of time. The Company concluded that the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re meet the definition of VIEs as the voting rights are not proportional with the obligations to absorb losses and rights to receive residual returns. The Company evaluated its relationship with the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re and concluded it is not the primary beneficiary as it does not have the obligation to absorb expected losses and the right to receive expected benefits that could be significant to the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the Company does not consolidate the financial position or results of operations of the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re. The Company has not provided financial or other support to the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re that it was not contractually required to provide. The total assets of the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re principally reflect their investments in OmegaCat Re and AlphaCat Re. The fair value of the Company’s direct equity ownership in the AlphaCat Funds and AlphaCat Re is included in other investments and was $4.4 million at December 31, 2023. At December 31, 2023, the total assets and total liabilities of the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re were $5.0 billion and $2.4 billion, respectively. Langhorne The Company and Reinsurance Group of America formed Langhorne, an initiative to source third-party capital to support reinsurers targeting large in-force life and annuity blocks. Langhorne’s capital commitment period expired at the end of December 2022. During the first quarter of 2023, the reinsurance entities of Langhorne Holdings were sold or dissolved, and all capital of Langhorne Holdings was distributed, including $1.5 million to the Company. Langhorne Partners distributed all remaining capital in July 2023, including $0.8 million to the Company, and was dissolved during the fourth quarter of 2023, . The Company concluded that Langhorne Holdings met the definition of a VIE as the voting rights were not proportional with the obligations to absorb losses and rights to receive residual returns. The Company evaluated its relationship with Langhorne Holdings and concluded it was not the primary beneficiary of Langhorne Holdings, as it did not have power over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of Langhorne Holdings. As a result, the Company did not consolidate the financial position or results of operations of Langhorne Holdings. The Company separately evaluated Langhorne Partners and concluded that it was not a VIE. The Company accounted for its investments in Langhorne Holdings and Langhorne Partners under the equity method of accounting, one quarter in arrears. Other than its prior equity investment in Langhorne, the Company did not provide financial or other support to Langhorne that it was not contractually required to provide. As both Langhorne Holdings and Langhorne Partners were dissolved in 2023, the Company does not have any further contractual obligations with respect to Langhorne. Fund Investments The Company’s fund investments represent variable interests in limited partnerships entities with unaffiliated fund managers in the normal course of business. Refer to “Note 6. Fair Value Measurements” for additional information.

Upsilon RFO Re Ltd. (“Upsilon RFO”) is an exempted company incorporated in Bermuda and registered as a segregated accounts company and as a collateralized insurer, Upsilon RFO currently has four segregated accounts (Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II, III and IV). RenaissanceRe indirectly owns a portion of the participating non-voting preference shares of three of the existing segregated accounts of Upsilon RFO (Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III) and all of Upsilon RFO’s voting Class A shares. The shareholders (other than the voting Class A shareholder) participate in all of the profits or losses of Upsilon RFO while their shares remain outstanding. The shareholders (other than the voting Class A shareholder) indemnify Upsilon RFO against losses relating to insurance risk and therefore these shares have been accounted for as prospective reinsurance under FASB ASC Topic Financial Services - Insurance.

Upsilon RFO is considered a VIE as it has insufficient equity capital to finance its activities without additional financial support. The Company is the primary beneficiary of Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III as it has the power over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of those segregated accounts and has the obligation to absorb expected losses and the right to receive expected benefits that could be significant to those segregated accounts, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the Company consolidates Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III and all significant inter-company transactions have been eliminated.

The Company has determined that is not the primary beneficiary of Upsilon RFO Diversified IV, as it does not have the obligation to absorb expected losses and the right to receive expected benefits that could be significant to that segregated account, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the Company does not consolidate the financial position or results of operations of Upsilon RFO Diversified IV. The Company does not have, has not previously had, and does not expect to have, a material investment in Upsilon RFO Diversified IV. In addition, the Company expects its absolute and relative ownership in Upsilon RFO Diversified IV to remain minimal.

During 2023 and following the release of collateral that was previously held by cedants associated with prior years’ contracts, Upsilon RFO returned $988.5 million of capital to investors of Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III, including $125.5 million to the Company. Also during 2023, Upsilon RFO issued $39.8 million of non-voting preference shares to existing investors of Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III, including $10.2 million to the Company, and $81.4 million of non-voting preference shares to external investors of Upsilon RFO Diversified IV. At December 31, 2023, the Company’s participation in the risks assumed by Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III was 14.3%.

At December 31, 2023, the Company’s consolidated balance sheet included total assets and total liabilities of Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III of $2.4 billion and $2.4 billion, respectively (2022 - $3.7 billion and $3.7 billion, respectively). Of the total assets and liabilities of Upsilon RFO Diversified I, II and III, a net amount of $74.2 million (2022 - $165.3 million) is attributable to the Company, and $500.0 million (2022 - $1.2 billion) is attributable to third-party investors. Of the total assets and liabilities of Upsilon RFO Diversified IV, a net amount of $88.3 million is attributable to third-party investors.

During 2022, $89.0 million of Upsilon RFO non-voting preference shares were issued to existing investors, including $10.0 million to the Company. In addition, during 2022 and following the release of collateral that was previously held by cedants associated with prior years’ contracts, Upsilon RFO returned $508.9 million of capital to its investors, including $83.1 million to the Company. At December 31, 2022, the Company's participation in the risks assumed by Upsilon RFO was 12.7%.

RenaissanceRe Upsilon Diversified Fund (“Upsilon Diversified”) is a segregated account of RenaissanceRe Upsilon Fund Ltd., (“Upsilon Fund”), an exempted company incorporated in Bermuda and registered as a segregated accounts company and a Class A Professional Fund, and provides a fund structure through which investors can invest in reinsurance risk managed by the Company, which includes investments in Upsilon RFO and Medici. The Company concluded that Upsilon Diversified meets the definition of a VIE as the voting rights are not proportional with the obligations to absorb losses and rights to receive residual returns. The Company evaluated its relationship with Upsilon Diversified and concluded it is not the primary beneficiary of Upsilon Diversified, as it does not have the obligation to absorb expected losses and the right to receive expected benefits that could be significant to Upsilon Diversified, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the Company does not consolidate the financial position or results of operations of Upsilon Diversified. Upsilon Diversified meets the definition of an investment company in accordance with accounting guidance, and accordingly, is required to account for all of its investments, including its investments in Upsilon RFO and Medici, at fair value. The Company does not have, has not previously had, and does not expect to have, a material investment in Upsilon Diversified. In addition, the Company expects its absolute and relative ownership in Upsilon Diversified to remain minimal. Other than its current equity investment in Upsilon Diversified, the Company has not provided financial or other support to Upsilon Diversified that it was not contractually required to provide. The total assets of Upsilon Diversified principally reflect its investment in Upsilon RFO.

During 2023 and following the release of collateral from Upsilon RFO, Upsilon Diversified returned $844.1 million of capital to investors, including $1.2 million to the Company. In addition, during 2023, Upsilon Diversified issued $30.0 million of non-voting preference shares to existing investors, including $0.1 million to the Company. The fair value of the Company’s indirect equity ownership in Upsilon Diversified is included in investments in other ventures and was $0.8 million at December 31, 2023 (2022 - $1.9 million). At December 31, 2023, the total assets and total liabilities of Upsilon Diversified were $600.8 million and $108.0 million, respectively (2022 - $1.2 billion and $32.1 million, respectively). Upsilon Diversified’s investment in Upsilon RFO was valued at $503.1 million at December 31, 2023 (2022 - $1.2 billion).

NOC1 is a segregated account of Upsilon Fund formed in the second quarter of 2023, that provides a fund structure through which investors can invest in a portfolio of insurance-linked securities, principally catastrophe bonds. The Company concluded that NOC1 meets the definition of a VIE as the voting rights are not proportional with the obligations to absorb losses and rights to receive residual returns. The Company evaluated its relationship with NOC1 and concluded it is not the primary beneficiary of NOC1, as it does not have the obligation to absorb expected losses and the right to receive expected benefits that could be significant to NOC1, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the Company does not consolidate the financial position or results of operations of NOC1. The Company does not have, and does not expect to have, a material investment in NOC 1 and expects its absolute and relative ownership in

During 2023, NOC1 issued $161.5 million of non-voting preference shares to existing investors, including $1.6 million to the Company. The fair value of the Company’s indirect equity ownership in NOC1 is included in investments in other ventures and was $1.7 million at December 31, 2023. At December 31, 2023, the total assets and total liabilities of NOC1 were $196.5 million and $22.8 million, respectively.

At December 31, 2023, the Company’s consolidated balance sheet included total assets and total liabilities of Vermeer of $1.7 billion and $102.7 million, respectively (2022 - $1.6 billion and $144.9 million, respectively). In addition, the Company’s consolidated balance sheet included redeemable noncontrolling interests associated with Vermeer of $1.6 billion at December 31, 2023 (2022 - $1.5 billion).

At December 31, 2023, the Company’s consolidated balance sheet included total assets and total liabilities of Fontana of $1.5 billion and $968.5 million, respectively (2022 - $711.0 million and $319.2 million, respectively). In addition, the Company’s consolidated balance sheet included redeemable noncontrolling interests associated with Fontana of $353.8 million at December 31, 2023 (2022 - $268.0 million).

Upon issuance of a series of notes by Mona Lisa Re, all of the proceeds from the issuance are deposited into collateral accounts, separated by series, to fund any potential obligation under the reinsurance agreements entered into with Renaissance Reinsurance and/or DaVinci Reinsurance underlying such series of notes. The outstanding principal amount of each series of notes generally will be returned to holders of such notes upon the expiration of the risk period underlying such notes, unless an event occurs which causes a loss under the applicable series of notes, in which case the amount returned will be reduced by such noteholder’s pro rata share of such loss, as specified in the applicable governing documents of such notes. In addition, holders of such notes are generally entitled to interest payments, payable quarterly, as determined by the applicable governing documents of each series of notes.

The Company concluded that Mona Lisa Re meets the definition of a VIE as it does not have sufficient equity capital to finance its activities. The Company evaluated its relationship with Mona Lisa Re and concluded it is not the primary beneficiary of Mona Lisa Re as it does not have the power over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of Mona Lisa Re, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the financial position and results of operations of Mona Lisa Re are not consolidated by the Company.

The only transactions related to Mona Lisa Re that are recorded in the Company’s consolidated financial statements are the ceded reinsurance agreements entered into by Renaissance Reinsurance and DaVinci Reinsurance which are accounted for as prospective reinsurance under FASB ASC Topic Financial Services - Insurance, and the fair value of the principal-at-risk variable rate notes owned by the Company. Other than its investment in the principal-at-risk variable rate notes of Mona Lisa Re, the Company has not provided financial or other support to Mona Lisa Re that it was not contractually required to provide.

Renaissance Reinsurance and DaVinci Reinsurance have together entered into ceded reinsurance contracts with Mona Lisa Re with ceded premiums written of $32.8 million and $8.2 million, respectively, during 2023 (2022 - $39.6 million and $9.9 million, respectively, 2021 - $39.5 million and $9.9 million, respectively). In addition, Renaissance Reinsurance and DaVinci Reinsurance recognized ceded premiums earned related to the ceded reinsurance contracts with Mona Lisa Re of $32.8 million and $8.2 million, respectively, during 2023 (2022 - $39.4 million and $9.8 million, respectively, 2021 - $32.5 million and $8.1 million, respectively).

Effective June 29, 2021, Mona Lisa Re issued a series of principal-at-risk variable rate notes to investors for a total principal amount of $250.0 million. Effective January 10, 2020, Mona Lisa Re issued two series of principal-at-risk variable rate notes to investors for principal amounts of $250.0 million and $150.0 million. At December 31, 2023, the total assets and total liabilities of Mona Lisa Re were $436.9 million and $436.9 million, respectively (2022 - $654.8 million and $654.8 million, respectively).

Upon issuance of a series of notes by Tailwind Re, all of the proceeds from the issuance are deposited into collateral accounts, separated by series, to fund any potential obligation under the reinsurance agreements entered into with Validus underlying such series of notes. The outstanding principal amount of each series of notes generally will be returned to holders of such notes upon the expiration of the risk period underlying such notes, unless an event occurs which causes a loss under the applicable series of notes, in which case the amount returned will be reduced by such noteholder’s pro rata share of such loss, as specified in the applicable governing documents of such notes. In addition, holders of such notes are generally entitled to interest payments, payable quarterly, as determined by the applicable governing documents of each series of notes.

The Company concluded that Tailwind Re meets the definition of a VIE as it does not have sufficient equity capital to finance its activities. The Company evaluated its relationship with Tailwind Re and concluded it is not the primary beneficiary of Tailwind Re as it does not have the power over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of Tailwind Re, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the financial position and results of operations of Tailwind Re are not consolidated by the Company.

The only transactions related to Tailwind Re that are recorded in the Company’s consolidated financial statements are the ceded reinsurance agreements entered into by Validus, which are accounted for as prospective reinsurance under FASB ASC Topic Financial Services - Insurance, and the fair value of the principal-at-risk variable rate notes owned by the Company. Other than its investment in the principal-at-risk variable rate notes of Tailwind Re, the Company has not provided financial or other support to Tailwind Re that it was not contractually required to provide.

Validus has entered into ceded reinsurance contracts with Tailwind Re with ceded premiums written of $Nil during 2023. In addition, Validus recognized ceded premiums earned related to the ceded reinsurance contracts with Tailwind Re of $6.5 million during 2023. At December 31, 2023, the total assets and total liabilities of Tailwind Re were $417.1 million and $417.1 million, respectively.

In connection with the Validus Acquisition, the Company acquired AlphaCat Managers Ltd. (“AlphaCat Managers”), which manages third-party capital in various forms, including through closed-end and open-end Bermuda mutual funds and one managed account (collectively, the “AlphaCat Funds”), which currently generates fee income. The AlphaCat Funds are primarily funded by third-party capital investors and controlled by external boards unaffiliated with the Company. The AlphaCat Funds are invested in various risk-linked instruments through variable funding notes issued by AlphaCat Reinsurance Ltd. (“AlphaCat Re”), AlphaCat Master Fund Ltd. and OmegaCat Reinsurance Ltd. (“OmegaCat Re”), which give investors access to a range of property catastrophe risks. Prior to the Validus Acquisition, substantially all of the AlphaCat Funds had received full redemption requests from their investors and capital was being released accordingly, subject to certain constraints. The Company expects to run off the business over a period of time.

The Company evaluated its relationship with the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re and concluded it is not the primary beneficiary as it does not have the obligation to absorb expected losses and the right to receive expected benefits that could be significant to the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re, in accordance with the accounting guidance. As a result, the Company does not consolidate the financial position or results of operations of the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re. The Company has not provided financial or other support to the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re that it was not contractually required to provide. The total assets of the AlphaCat Funds, AlphaCat Re and OmegaCat Re principally reflect their investments in OmegaCat Re and AlphaCat Re.

The Company and Reinsurance Group of America formed Langhorne, an initiative to source third-party capital to support reinsurers targeting large in-force life and annuity blocks. Langhorne’s capital commitment period expired at the end of December 2022. During the first quarter of 2023, the reinsurance entities of Langhorne Holdings were sold or dissolved, and all capital of Langhorne Holdings was distributed, including $1.5 million to the Company. Langhorne Partners distributed all remaining capital in July 2023, including $0.8 million to the Company, and was dissolved during the fourth quarter of 2023, .

The Company concluded that Langhorne Holdings met the definition of a VIE as the voting rights were not proportional with the obligations to absorb losses and rights to receive residual returns. The Company evaluated its relationship with Langhorne Holdings and concluded it was not the primary beneficiary of Langhorne Holdings, as it did not have power over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of Langhorne Holdings. As a result, the Company did not consolidate the financial position or results of operations of Langhorne Holdings. The Company separately evaluated Langhorne Partners and concluded that it was not a VIE. The Company accounted for its investments in Langhorne Holdings and Langhorne Partners under the equity method of accounting, one quarter in arrears.