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Reinsurance
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
SEC Schedule, 12-17, Insurance Companies, Reinsurance [Abstract]  
Reinsurance REINSURANCE
The Company purchases reinsurance and other protection to manage its risk portfolio and to reduce its exposure to large losses. The Company currently has in place contracts that provide for recovery of a portion of certain claims and claim expenses, generally in excess of various retentions or on a proportional basis. In addition to loss recoveries, certain of the Company’s ceded reinsurance contracts provide for payments of additional premiums, for reinstatement premiums and for lost no-claims bonuses, which are incurred when losses are ceded to the respective reinsurance contracts. The Company remains liable to the extent that any reinsurer fails to meet its obligations.
The following table sets forth the effect of reinsurance and retrocessional activity on premiums written and earned and on net claims and claim expenses incurred:
Year ended December 31,202220212020
Premiums Written
Direct$1,264,410 $994,286 $612,172 
Assumed7,949,130 6,839,512 5,193,993 
Ceded(2,017,380)(1,894,423)(1,709,832)
Net premiums written$7,196,160 $5,939,375 $4,096,333 
Premiums Earned
Direct$1,105,164 $799,717 $536,595 
Assumed7,079,632 6,257,814 5,078,682 
Ceded(1,850,807)(1,863,350)(1,662,815)
Net premiums earned$6,333,989 $5,194,181 $3,952,462 
Claims and Claim Expenses
Gross claims and claim expenses incurred$5,851,140 $5,905,616 $3,893,204 
Claims and claim expenses recovered(1,512,300)(2,029,529)(968,595)
Net claims and claim expenses incurred$4,338,840 $3,876,087 $2,924,609 
In assessing an allowance for reinsurance assets, which includes premiums receivable and reinsurance recoverable, the Company considers historical information, financial strength of reinsurers, collateralization amounts, and counterparty credit ratings to determine the appropriateness of the allowance. In assessing future default for reinsurance assets, the Company evaluates the provision for current expected credit losses under the probability of default and loss given default method. The Company utilizes its internal capital and risk models, which use counterparty ratings from major rating agencies, and assesses the current market conditions for the likelihood of default. The Company updates its internal capital and risk models for counterparty credit ratings and current market conditions on a periodic basis. Historically, the Company has not experienced material credit losses from reinsurance assets.
Premiums receivable reflect premiums written based on contract and policy terms and include estimates based on information received from both insureds and ceding companies, supplemented by our own judgment, including our estimates of premiums that are written but not reported. Due to the nature of reinsurance, ceding companies routinely report and remit premiums to us subsequent to the contract coverage period, although the time lag involved in the process of reporting and collecting premiums is typically shorter than the lag in reporting losses.
At December 31, 2022, the Company’s premiums receivable balance was $5.1 billion (2021 - $3.8 billion). Of the Company’s premiums receivable balance as of December 31, 2022, the majority are receivable from highly rated counterparties. The provision for current expected credit losses on the Company’s premiums receivable was $4.6 million at December 31, 2022 (2021 - $2.8 million). The following table provides a roll forward of the provision for current expected credit losses of the Company’s premiums receivable:
Year ended December 31,20222021
Beginning balance$2,776 $5,961 
Provision for allowance1,830 (3,185)
Ending balance$4,606 $2,776 
Reinsurance recoverable reflects amounts due from reinsurers based on the claim liabilities associated with the reinsurance policy. The Company accrues amounts that are due from reinsurers based on estimated ultimate losses applicable to the contracts.
At December 31, 2022, the Company’s reinsurance recoverable balance was $4.7 billion (2021 - $4.3 billion). Of the Company’s reinsurance recoverable balance at December 31, 2022, 47.2% is fully collateralized by our reinsurers, 52.0% is recoverable from reinsurers rated A- or higher by major rating agencies and 0.8% is recoverable from reinsurers rated lower than A- by major rating agencies (2021 - 46.9%, 52.1% and 1.0%, respectively). The reinsurers with the three largest balances accounted for 20.8%, 7.0% and 5.4%, respectively, of the Company’s reinsurance recoverable balance at December 31, 2022 (2021 - 19.9%, 8.4% and 4.3%, respectively). The provision for current expected credit losses was $12.2 million at December 31, 2022 (2021 - $8.3 million). The three largest company-specific components of the provision for current expected credit losses represented 14.3%, 9.1% and 8.0%, respectively, of the Company’s total provision for current expected credit losses at December 31, 2022 (2021 - 18.0%, 13.9% and 11.2%, respectively). The following table provides a roll forward of the provision for current expected credit losses of the Company’s reinsurance recoverable:
Year ended December 31,20222021
Beginning balance$8,344 $6,334 
Provision for allowance3,825 2,010 
Ending balance$12,169 $8,344