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Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]  
Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures:
The following are the Company's direct or indirect investments in various joint ventures with third parties. The Company's direct or indirect ownership interest in each joint venture as of December 31, 2017 was as follows:
Joint Venture
Ownership %(1)
443 Wabash MAB LLC
45.0
%
AM Tysons LLC
50.0
%
Biltmore Shopping Center Partners LLC
50.0
%
Candlestick Center LLC—Fashion Outlets of San Francisco
50.1
%
Coolidge Holding LLC
37.5
%
Corte Madera Village, LLC
50.1
%
Country Club Plaza KC Partners LLC
50.0
%
Fashion District Philadelphia—Various Entities
50.0
%
Jaren Associates #4
12.5
%
Kierland Commons Investment LLC
50.0
%
Macerich HHF Centers LLC—Various Properties
51.0
%
Macerich Northwestern Associates—Broadway Plaza
50.0
%
MS Portfolio LLC
50.0
%
New River Associates LLC—Arrowhead Towne Center
60.0
%
North Bridge Chicago LLC
50.0
%
One Scottsdale Investors LLC
50.0
%
Pacific Premier Retail LLC—Various Properties
60.0
%
Propcor II Associates, LLC—Boulevard Shops
50.0
%
Scottsdale Fashion Square Partnership
50.0
%
The Market at Estrella Falls LLC
40.1
%
TM TRS Holding Company LLC
50.0
%
Tysons Corner LLC
50.0
%
Tysons Corner Hotel I LLC
50.0
%
Tysons Corner Property Holdings II LLC
50.0
%
Tysons Corner Property LLC
50.0
%
West Acres Development, LLP
19.0
%
Westcor/Queen Creek LLC
38.2
%
Westcor/Surprise Auto Park LLC
33.3
%
WMAP, L.L.C.—Atlas Park, The Shops at
50.0
%
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)
The Company's ownership interest in this table reflects its direct or indirect legal ownership interest. Legal ownership may, at times, not equal the Company’s economic interest in the listed entities because of various provisions in certain joint venture agreements regarding distributions of cash flow based on capital account balances, allocations of profits and losses and payments of preferred returns. As a result, the Company’s actual economic interest (as distinct from its legal ownership interest) in certain of the properties could fluctuate from time to time and may not wholly align with its legal ownership interests. Substantially all of the Company’s joint venture agreements contain rights of first refusal, buy-sell provisions, exit rights, default dilution remedies and/or other break up provisions or remedies which are customary in real estate joint venture agreements and which may, positively or negatively, affect the ultimate realization of cash flow and/or capital or liquidation proceeds.

The Company has made the following investments and dispositions in unconsolidated joint ventures during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015:
On February 17, 2015, the Company acquired the remaining 50% ownership interest in Inland Center, an 869,000 square foot regional shopping center in San Bernardino, California, that it did not previously own for $51,250. The purchase price was funded by a cash payment of $26,250 and the assumption of the third party's share of the mortgage note payable on the property of $25,000. Concurrent with the purchase of the joint venture interest, the Company paid off the $50,000 mortgage note payable on the property. The cash payment was funded by borrowings under the Company's line of credit. Prior to the acquisition, the Company had accounted for its investment in Inland Center under the equity method of accounting. Since the date of acquisition, the Company has included Inland Center in its consolidated financial statements (See Note 14Acquisitions).
On April 30, 2015, the Company entered into a 50/50 joint venture with Sears to own nine freestanding stores located at Arrowhead Towne Center, Chandler Fashion Center, Danbury Fair Mall, Deptford Mall, Freehold Raceway Mall, Los Cerritos Center, South Plains Mall, Vintage Faire Mall and Washington Square. The Company invested $150,000 for a 50% ownership interest in the joint venture, which was funded by borrowings under the Company's line of credit.
On October 30, 2015, the Company sold a 40% ownership interest in Pacific Premier Retail LLC (the "PPR Portfolio"), which owns Lakewood Center, a 2,070,000 square foot regional shopping center in Lakewood, California; Los Cerritos Center, a 1,305,000 square foot regional shopping center in Cerritos, California; South Plains Mall, a 1,128,000 square foot regional shopping center in Lubbock, Texas; and Washington Square, a 1,442,000 square foot regional shopping center in Portland, Oregon, for a total sales price of $1,258,643, resulting in a gain on sale of assets of $311,194. The sales price was funded by a cash payment of $545,643 and the assumption of a pro rata share of the mortgage and other notes payable on the properties of $713,000. The Company used the cash proceeds from the sales to pay down its line of credit and for general corporate purposes, which included funding the ASR and Special Dividend (See Note 13Stockholders' Equity). Upon completion of the sale of the ownership interest, the Company no longer has a controlling interest in the joint venture due to the substantive participation rights of the outside partner. Accordingly, the Company accounts for its investment in the PPR Portfolio under the equity method of accounting.
On January 6, 2016, the Company sold a 40% ownership interest in Arrowhead Towne Center, a 1,197,000 square foot regional shopping center in Glendale, Arizona, for $289,496, resulting in a gain on the sale of assets of $101,629. The sales price was funded by a cash payment of $129,496 and the assumption of a pro rata share of the mortgage note payable on the property of $160,000. The Company used the cash proceeds from the sale to pay down its line of credit and for general corporate purposes, which included funding the Special Dividend (See Note 13Stockholders' Equity). Upon completion of the sale of the ownership interest, the Company no longer has a controlling interest in the joint venture due to the substantive participation rights of the outside partner. Accordingly, the Company accounts for its investment in Arrowhead Towne Center under the equity method of accounting.
On January 14, 2016, the Company formed a joint venture, whereby the Company sold a 49% ownership interest in Deptford Mall, a 1,040,000 square foot regional shopping center in Deptford, New Jersey; FlatIron Crossing, a 1,433,000 square foot regional shopping center in Broomfield, Colorado; and Twenty Ninth Street, an 847,000 square foot regional shopping center in Boulder, Colorado (the "MAC Heitman Portfolio"), for $771,478, resulting in a gain on the sale of assets of $340,734. The sales price was funded by a cash payment of $478,608 and the assumption of a pro rata share of the mortgage notes payable on the properties of $292,870. The Company used the cash proceeds from the sale to pay down its line of credit and for general corporate purposes. Upon completion of the sale of the ownership interest, the Company no longer has a controlling interest in the joint venture due to the substantive participation rights of the outside partner. Accordingly, the Company accounts for its investment in the MAC Heitman Portfolio under the equity method of accounting.
On March 1, 2016, the Company, through a 50/50 joint venture, acquired Country Club Plaza, a 1,001,000 square foot regional shopping center in Kansas City, Missouri, for a purchase price of $660,000. The Company funded its pro rata share of the purchase price of $330,000 from borrowings under its line of credit. On March 28, 2016, the joint venture placed a $320,000 loan on the property that bears interest at an effective rate of 3.88% and matures on April 1, 2026. The Company used its pro rata share of the proceeds to pay down its line of credit and for general corporate purposes.
On March 17, 2017, the Company's joint venture in Country Club Plaza sold an office building for $78,000, resulting in a gain on sale of assets of $4,580. The Company's pro rata share of the gain on sale of assets of $2,290 was included in equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures. The Company used its share of the proceeds to fund repurchases under the 2017 Stock Buyback Program (See Note 13Stockholders' Equity).
On September 18, 2017, the Company's joint venture in Fashion District Philadelphia sold an office building for $61,500, resulting in a gain on sale of assets of $13,078. The Company's pro rata share of the gain on sale of assets of $6,539 was included in equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures. The Company used its share of the proceeds to fund repurchases under the 2017 Stock Buyback Program (See Note 13Stockholders' Equity).
On December 14, 2017, the Company’s joint venture in Westcor/Queens Creek LLC sold land for $30,491, resulting in a gain on sale of assets of $14,853. The Company’s share of the gain on sale was $5,436, which was included in equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures. The Company used its portion of the proceeds to pay down its line of credit and for general corporate purposes.
Combined and condensed balance sheets and statements of operations are presented below for all unconsolidated joint ventures.
Combined and Condensed Balance Sheets of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures as of December 31:

 
2017
 
2016
Assets(1):
 
 
 
Property, net
$
9,052,105

 
$
9,176,642

Other assets
635,838

 
614,607

Total assets
$
9,687,943

 
$
9,791,249

Liabilities and partners' capital(1):
 
 
 
Mortgage and other notes payable(2)
$
5,296,594

 
$
5,224,713

Other liabilities
405,052

 
403,369

Company's capital
2,188,057

 
2,279,819

Outside partners' capital
1,798,240

 
1,883,348

Total liabilities and partners' capital
$
9,687,943

 
$
9,791,249

Investment in unconsolidated joint ventures:
 
 
 
Company's capital
$
2,188,057

 
$
2,279,819

Basis adjustment(3)
(562,021
)
 
(584,887
)
 
$
1,626,036

 
$
1,694,932

 
 
 
 
Assets—Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures
$
1,709,522

 
$
1,773,558

Liabilities—Distributions in excess of investments in unconsolidated joint ventures
(83,486
)
 
(78,626
)
 
$
1,626,036

 
$
1,694,932

_______________________________________________________________________________

(1)
These amounts include the assets of $3,106,105 and $3,179,255 of the PPR Portfolio as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and liabilities of $1,872,227 and $1,887,952 of the PPR Portfolio as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

(2)
Included in mortgage and other notes payable are amounts due to affiliates of Northwestern Mutual Life ("NML") of $482,332 and $265,863 as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. NML is considered a related party because it is a joint venture partner with the Company in Macerich Northwestern Associates—Broadway Plaza. Interest expense incurred on these borrowings amounted to $17,898, $16,898 and $29,372 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

(3)
The Company amortizes the difference between the cost of its investments in unconsolidated joint ventures and the book value of the underlying equity into income on a straight-line basis consistent with the lives of the underlying assets. The amortization of this difference was $16,562, $17,610 and $5,619 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Combined and Condensed Statements of Operations of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures:
 
 
 
PPR Portfolio
 
Other
Joint
Ventures
 
Total
Year Ended December 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Minimum rents
 
 
$
134,450

 
$
501,732

 
$
636,182

Percentage rents
 
 
5,050

 
13,866

 
18,916

Tenant recoveries
 
 
46,575

 
189,059

 
235,634

Other
 
 
5,959

 
51,767

 
57,726

Total revenues
 
 
192,034

 
756,424

 
948,458

Expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shopping center and operating expenses
 
 
41,340

 
243,271

 
284,611

Interest expense
 
 
67,053

 
131,714

 
198,767

Depreciation and amortization
 
 
101,625

 
250,921

 
352,546

Total operating expenses
 
 
210,018

 
625,906

 
835,924

(Loss) gain on sale of assets
 
 
(36
)
 
33,861

 
33,825

Net (loss) income
 
 
$
(18,020
)
 
$
164,379

 
$
146,359

Company's equity in net (loss) income
 
 
$
(453
)
 
$
85,999

 
$
85,546

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Minimum rents
 
 
$
129,145

 
$
471,139

 
$
600,284

Percentage rents
 
 
5,437

 
15,480

 
20,917

Tenant recoveries
 
 
47,856

 
187,288

 
235,144

Other
 
 
6,303

 
49,937

 
56,240

Total revenues
 
 
188,741

 
723,844

 
912,585

Expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shopping center and operating expenses
 
 
39,804

 
234,704

 
274,508

Interest expense
 
 
64,626

 
123,043

 
187,669

Depreciation and amortization
 
 
108,880

 
251,498

 
360,378

Total operating expenses
 
 
213,310

 
609,245

 
822,555

Loss on sale of assets
 
 

 
(375
)
 
(375
)
Net (loss) income
 
 
$
(24,569
)
 
$
114,224

 
$
89,655

Company's equity in net (loss) income
 
 
$
(3,088
)
 
$
60,029

 
$
56,941

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PPR Portfolio(1)
 
Other
Joint
Ventures
 
Total
Year Ended December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Minimum rents
 
 
$
21,172

 
$
293,921

 
$
315,093

Percentage rents
 
 
2,569

 
13,188

 
15,757

Tenant recoveries
 
 
8,408

 
129,059

 
137,467

Other
 
 
1,182

 
33,931

 
35,113

Total revenues
 
 
33,331

 
470,099

 
503,430

Expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shopping center and operating expenses
 
 
6,852

 
165,795

 
172,647

Interest expense
 
 
10,448

 
78,279

 
88,727

Depreciation and amortization
 
 
16,919

 
133,707

 
150,626

Total operating expenses
 
 
34,219

 
377,781

 
412,000

Gain on sale of assets
 
 

 
9,850

 
9,850

Loss on extinguishment of debt
 
 

 
(3
)
 
(3
)
Net (loss) income
 
 
$
(888
)
 
$
102,165

 
$
101,277

Company's equity in net income
 
 
$
1,409

 
$
43,755

 
$
45,164

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

_______________________________________________________________________________

(1)
These amounts exclude the results of operations from January 1, 2015 to October 29, 2015, as the PPR Portfolio was converted from Consolidated Centers to an Unconsolidated Joint Venture Centers effective October 30, 2015, as a result of the PPR Portfolio transaction as discussed above.
Significant accounting policies used by the unconsolidated joint ventures are similar to those used by the Company.