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Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
The Company uses derivative instruments to manage certain risks in accordance with its overall risk management policies.

Foreign Exchange Risk

From time to time the Company economically hedges portions of its forecasted expenditures denominated in foreign currencies with foreign currency forward contracts.

As at June 30, 2019, the Company was committed to the following foreign currency forward contracts:
 
Contract Amount in Foreign Currency
 
Average
Forward Rate (1)
 
Fair Value / Carrying Amount
Of Asset (Liability)
$
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expected Maturity
 
 
 
 
2019
 
2020
 
 
 
 
$
 
$
Euro
9,240
 
0.86
 
(101)
 
3,952
 
6,750


(1)
Average contractual exchange rate represents the contracted amount of foreign currency one U.S. Dollar will buy.
The Company enters into cross currency swaps, and pursuant to these swaps the Company receives the principal amount in NOK on the maturity date of the swap, in exchange for payment of a fixed U.S. Dollar amount. In addition, the cross currency swaps exchange a receipt of floating interest in NOK based on NIBOR plus a margin for a payment of U.S. Dollar fixed interest. The purpose of the cross currency swaps is to economically hedge the foreign currency exposure on the payment of interest and principal amounts of the Company’s NOK-denominated bonds due in 2020, 2021 and 2023. In addition, the cross currency swaps economically hedge the interest rate exposure on the NOK bonds due in 2020, 2021 and 2023. The Company has not designated, for accounting purposes, these cross currency swaps as cash flow hedges of its NOK-denominated bonds due in 2020, 2021 and 2023. As at June 30, 2019, the Company was committed to the following cross currency swaps:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value /
Carrying
Amount of
Asset /
(Liability)
$
 
 
Notional
Amount
NOK
 
Notional
Amount
USD
 
Floating Rate Receivable
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reference
Rate
 
Margin
 
Fixed Rate
Payable
 
 
Remaining
Term (years)
1,000,000
 
134,000

 
NIBOR
 
3.70%
 
5.92%
 
(17,133
)
 
0.9
1,200,000
 
146,500

 
NIBOR
 
6.00%
 
7.72%
 
(5,785
)
 
2.3
850,000
 
102,000

 
NIBOR
 
4.60%
 
7.89%
 
(8,088
)
 
4.2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(31,006
)
 
 


Interest Rate Risk

The Company enters into interest rate swap agreements, which exchange a receipt of floating interest for a payment of fixed interest, to reduce the Company’s exposure to interest rate variability on its outstanding floating-rate debt. The Company designates certain of its interest rate swap agreements as cash flow hedges for accounting purposes.
 
As at June 30, 2019, the Company was committed to the following interest rate swap agreements related to its LIBOR-based debt and EURIBOR-based debt, whereby certain of the Company’s floating-rate debt were swapped with fixed-rate obligations: 
 
Interest
Rate
Index
 
Principal
Amount
 
Fair Value /
Carrying
Amount of
Asset /
(Liability)
$
 
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Term
(years)
 
Fixed
Interest
Rate
(%)(1)
LIBOR-Based Debt:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Dollar-denominated interest rate swaps (2)
LIBOR
 
1,011,178

 
(44,855
)
 
3.6
 
3.0

EURIBOR-Based Debt:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Euro-denominated interest rate swaps
EURIBOR
 
81,059

 
(9,912
)
 
4.2
 
3.8

 
 
 
 
 
(54,767
)
 
 
 
 

(1)
Excludes the margins the Company pays on its variable-rate debt, which, as of June 30, 2019, ranged from 0.3% to 3.95%.
(2)
Includes interest rate swaps with the notional amount reducing quarterly or semi-annually. Two interest rate swaps are subject to mandatory early termination in 2020 and 2021, at which time the swaps will be settled based on their fair value.
Stock Purchase Warrants

Prior to the 2019 Brookfield Transaction on May 8, 2019, Teekay held 15.5 million Brookfield Transaction Warrants and 1,755,000 Series D Warrants of Teekay Offshore (see Note 12). As part of the 2019 Brookfield Transaction, Teekay sold to Brookfield all of the Company’s remaining interests in Teekay Offshore, which included, among other things, both the Brookfield Transaction Warrants and Series D Warrants.

Tabular Disclosure

The following tables present the location and fair value amounts of derivative instruments, segregated by type of contract, on the Company’s unaudited consolidated balance sheets.
 
Prepaid Expenses and Other
 
Other Non-Current Assets
 
Accounts Payable, Accrued
Liabilities and Other
 
Current
Portion of
Derivative
Liabilities
 
Derivative
Liabilities
 
$
 
$
 
$
 
$
 
$
As at June 30, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives designated as a cash flow hedge:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swap agreements
—

 
—

 
3

 
(497
)
 
(3,758
)
Derivatives not designated as a cash flow hedge:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency contracts
—

 
—

 
—

 
(101
)
 
—

Interest rate swap agreements
1,168

 
240

 
(2,094
)
 
(8,996
)
 
(40,833
)
Cross currency swap agreements
—

 
—

 
(538
)
 
(18,887
)
 
(11,581
)
Forward freight agreements
61

 
—

 
—

 
—

 


 
1,229

 
240

 
(2,629
)
 
(28,481
)
 
(56,172
)

 
 
Prepaid Expenses and Other
 
Other Non-Current Assets
 
Accounts Payable, Accrued
Liabilities and Other
 
Current
Portion of
Derivative
Liabilities
 
Derivative
Liabilities
 
$
 
$
 
$
 
$
 
$
As at December 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives designated as a cash flow hedge:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swap agreements
784

 
2,362

 
20

 
—

 
—

Derivatives not designated as a cash flow hedge:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swap agreements
2,915

 
2,973

 
(2,498
)
 
(7,419
)
 
(32,672
)
Cross currency swap agreements
—

 
—

 
(713
)
 
(4,729
)
 
(23,680
)
Stock purchase warrants
—

 
12,026

 
—

 
—

 
—

Forward freight agreements
—

 
—

 
—

 
(57
)
 
—

 
3,699

 
17,361

 
(3,191
)
 
(12,205
)
 
(56,352
)


As at June 30, 2019, the Company had multiple interest rate swaps and cross currency swaps with the same counterparty that are subject to the same master agreements. Each of these master agreements provides for the net settlement of all derivatives subject to that master agreement through a single payment in the event of default or termination of any one derivative. The fair value of these derivatives is presented on a gross basis in the Company’s unaudited consolidated balance sheets. As at June 30, 2019, these derivatives had an aggregate fair value asset amount of $1.9 million and an aggregate fair value liability amount of $66.2 million.

For the periods indicated, the following tables present the gains (losses) on interest rate swap agreements designated and qualifying as cash flow hedges (excluding such agreements in equity-accounted investments):
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
Amount
 
Amount
 
Recognized in AOCI (1)
 
Reclassified from AOCI (2)
 
(4,570)
 
157
Interest expense
Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
Effective Portion
 
Effective Portion
Ineffective
 
Recognized in AOCI (1)
 
Reclassified from AOCI (2)
Portion (3)
 
1,534
 
2
—
Interest expense
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
Effective Portion
 
Amount
 
Recognized in AOCI (1)
 
Reclassified from AOCI (2)
 
(7,402)
 
408
Interest expense
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
Effective Portion
 
Effective Portion
Ineffective
 
Recognized in AOCI (1)
 
Reclassified from AOCI (2)
Portion (3)
 
5,090
 
(248)
740
Interest expense

(1) Recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss (or AOCI).
(2) Recorded in AOCI during the term of the hedging relationship and reclassified to earnings.
(3) Recognized in the ineffective portion of gains (losses) on derivative instruments designated and qualifying as cash flow hedges.

Realized and unrealized (losses) and gains from derivative instruments that are not designated for accounting purposes as cash flow hedges are recognized in earnings and reported in realized and unrealized gains (losses) on non-designated derivatives in the unaudited consolidated statements of loss as follows:

Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,

2019

2018
 
2019
 
2018

$

$
 
$
 
$
Realized losses relating to:





 
 
 
 
Interest rate swap agreements
(1,785
)

(4,031
)
 
(3,473
)
 
(8,840
)
Stock purchase warrants
(25,559
)
 
—

 
(25,559
)
 
—

Forward freight agreements
(29
)

(18
)
 
(42
)
 
(18
)

(27,373
)

(4,049
)
 
(29,074
)
 
(8,858
)
Unrealized gains (losses) relating to:





 
 
 
 
Interest rate swap agreements
(8,195
)

8,532

 
(14,216
)
 
24,451

Foreign currency forward contracts
(101
)

—

 
(101
)
 
—

Stock purchase warrants
24,584


6,206

 
26,900

 
4,522

Forward freight agreements
121


34

 
104

 
34


16,409


14,772

 
12,687

 
29,007

Total realized and unrealized (losses) gains on derivative instruments
(10,964
)

10,723

 
(16,387
)
 
20,149



Realized and unrealized gains and losses from cross currency swaps are recognized in earnings and reported in foreign exchange (loss) gain in the consolidated statements of loss as follows:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
$
 
$
 
$
 
$
Realized losses
(1,087
)
 
(1,798
)
 
(2,521
)
 
(3,182
)
Unrealized (losses) gains
(140
)
 
(16,566
)
 
(2,060
)
 
5,768

Total realized and unrealized (losses) gains on cross currency swaps
(1,227
)
 
(18,364
)
 
(4,581
)
 
2,586



The Company is exposed to credit loss to the extent the fair value represents an asset in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to the foreign currency forward contracts, and cross currency and interest rate swap agreements; however, the Company does not anticipate non-performance by any of the counterparties. In order to minimize counterparty risk, the Company only enters into derivative transactions with counterparties that are rated A- or better by Standard & Poor’s or A3 or better by Moody’s at the time of the transaction. In addition, to the extent possible and practical, interest rate swaps are entered into with different counterparties to reduce concentration risk.